EP1717387B1 - Structure pneumatique de plancher et de mur - Google Patents

Structure pneumatique de plancher et de mur Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1717387B1
EP1717387B1 EP06002596A EP06002596A EP1717387B1 EP 1717387 B1 EP1717387 B1 EP 1717387B1 EP 06002596 A EP06002596 A EP 06002596A EP 06002596 A EP06002596 A EP 06002596A EP 1717387 B1 EP1717387 B1 EP 1717387B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
floor
wall structure
pneumatic
layers
air chambers
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Not-in-force
Application number
EP06002596A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP1717387A3 (fr
EP1717387A2 (fr
Inventor
Albert Fritzsche
Peter Geiselhart
Günther Waschilewski
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Airbus Defence and Space GmbH
Original Assignee
EADS Deutschland GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by EADS Deutschland GmbH filed Critical EADS Deutschland GmbH
Publication of EP1717387A2 publication Critical patent/EP1717387A2/fr
Publication of EP1717387A3 publication Critical patent/EP1717387A3/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1717387B1 publication Critical patent/EP1717387B1/fr
Not-in-force legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
    • E04H15/00—Tents or canopies, in general
    • E04H15/20—Tents or canopies, in general inflatable, e.g. shaped, strengthened or supported by fluid pressure
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
    • E04H15/00—Tents or canopies, in general
    • E04H15/32—Parts, components, construction details, accessories, interior equipment, specially adapted for tents, e.g. guy-line equipment, skirts, thresholds
    • E04H15/56—Floors
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
    • E04H15/00—Tents or canopies, in general
    • E04H15/20—Tents or canopies, in general inflatable, e.g. shaped, strengthened or supported by fluid pressure
    • E04H2015/208—Tents or canopies, in general inflatable, e.g. shaped, strengthened or supported by fluid pressure with inflatable mattresses

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a pneumatic floor or wall structure according to the preamble of patent claim 1.
  • a mobile building which comprises a pneumatic structure, one side of which is connected in a punctiform manner to rigid surface elements.
  • the DE 2040 814 A discloses a multi-purpose house, whose structural elements also consist of pneumatic elements, which on both sides with rigid cladding elements be provided.
  • the pneumatic elements can be stored and transported separately from the cladding elements.
  • the GB 2 043 737 A describes a mobile building made of a pneumatic roof / wall structure and a floor made of individual boards.
  • the boards lie parallel to each other and are hingedly connected by fabric strips, so that the floor can be rolled up as a whole.
  • a pneumatic wall structure for mobile buildings having the features of the preamble of claim 1, wherein the outer side of one of the boundary layers of the pneumatic structure are provided with a plurality of rigid, profiled surface elements, only a fraction of their width with one of the boundary layers are connected.
  • the surface elements are interconnected by connecting joints.
  • the pneumatic structure provides a plurality of air chambers, kept under overpressure, according to the area and point loads in the range of preferably 5 kN / m 2 to 1.5 kN / dm 2 , occasionally more, associated with a roll-up of the structure, preferably strip-shaped stiffening (eg Al, GFK, CFK profiles). These cover profiles are individually placed directly and permanently (eg by gluing) on the outer cover layer.
  • the two- or multi-layer airtight tarpaulins made of plastic, fabric or military reasons nylon or Kevlar with basis weights of 150 to 400 g / m 2 are kept in the inflated state in a known manner by flexible thread or strip-shaped connections at a distance.
  • narrow pressure chambers purlins, rafters
  • an optional pressurization of multi-layered air chambers can compensate for slight inclinations of the ground surface.
  • the size of the tent can be adapted to the requirements by means of modular structural elements according to the present invention.
  • the joint between parallel structural elements must then be connected in a positive and positive tight and gap-free. This can be done by a hook and loop fastener or in a particularly advantageous embodiment by means of a pneumatic lock.
  • tent-like accommodations of any size can be constructed from prefabricated floor or wall structures and profiles, the profiles forming the supporting structure of the building.
  • the thermal insulation of the tent walls and the floor is a major factor influencing the comfort and operating costs of the energy supply and air conditioning (heating, cooling, fresh air supply).
  • the arrangement of solar sails is a simple measure, but only effective if a heat accumulation is avoided by means of ventilation.
  • a design was described that uses the fluidic and thermal conditions (convection, heat conduction and radiation) for the thermal insulation.
  • An improvement is that both the convection, as well as the heat transfer by radiation by spaced-held reflective thin metal foils within the individual air layers - without significant increase in the basis weight - significantly to reduce.
  • the emission coefficient of fabric webs is for example 0.88, that of aluminum, bright rolled 0.049.
  • the heat flow decreases in inverse proportion to the number of reflective interlayers.
  • the realization of a low heat transfer value is a condition to keep the inner surface temperature above the dew point all year round.
  • the DE-AS 1 158 015 and DE-AS 1 223 773 such as DE-OS 1 409 994 partially flexible wall structures were specified with pneumatically controllable light and general electromagnetic radiation passage.
  • the constructive and material expenditure for equipping larger areas is considerable.
  • the function to the two operating states small and large heat transfer - the light shield is not relevant here anyway - the dimensions of the air chambers can be thermodynamically made more advantageous in which the ratio width / thickness tends to be larger.
  • the convection obstructing intermediate layers are either on each other, on one side or spread at approximately the same distance parallel to the outer layers.
  • the heat transfer can also be reduced by the fact that the cover layers of the pneumatic structure are arched by means of negative pressure and thus reduces the thickness of the air layer to the dense packing of the cover and intermediate layers.
  • the basic structure of the tent floor according to the invention Fig. 1a and 1b, consists of the closed by the cover and ground tarp 1 and 2 air chamber 3, which may also be formed of a plurality of layers.
  • the thread- or strip-shaped spacers 4 are arranged in a grid corresponding to the required for the required area and point loads internal pressure (usually not more than 1.5 bar overpressure).
  • the profiled strip-shaped rigid cover profiles 6 compensate for the soil load. They are flat, for example by gluing, applied to the surface of the tarpaulin 1.
  • the cover profiles are formed in this embodiment as angle profiles.
  • the individual cover profiles 6 are not connected to each other. They are advantageously parallel to each other and have a distance from each other.
  • the distance between the individual cover profiles 6 is chosen so that a rolling of the forest after venting is possible. If necessary, for the purpose of good cleanliness another film can cover the cover sheets. 7, the valve for applying the internal pressure is shown.
  • the extending in the longitudinal direction of the pressure chambers 8 can be acted as support chambers with a higher pressure, and / or interconnected in the sense of redundancy in a separate from the air chamber 3 circle.
  • Form the pressure chambers 8, the pneumatic rafters of the unit side walls and roof it may be appropriate to change the cross section of the pressure chamber, square, rectangular or circular, along the rafter length. With a smaller cross-section on both sides near the bottom, the radius of curvature is smaller than in the ridge area. In this way, the ratio of tent height to width can be adapted to the needs.
  • the air pressure is applied to the structure of the tent. It can be adjusted according to the required local surface and point load and controlled by suitable sensors and automatically held.
  • the floor sinks to the thicknesses of the two air-tight fabric tarpaulins 1, 2 and the cover profiles 6 together.
  • the overall dimensions are preferably chosen such that for manual loading one weight per roll, e.g. 1,20m wide, from 25 kg to 30 kg is not exceeded.
  • Contiguous webs can be held together in a simple manner by a Velcro, even when arranged at right angles to each other.
  • the more stable connection is, as shown in Fig. 2 a, b in two construction examples, the top and bottom tarpaulins 1 and 2 project beyond the pressure chamber 8 and push the pressure chamber 8 'of the second tent floor between the spacers 4'.
  • the pressurization provides the necessary contact pressure and thus the tightness.
  • the exposed spacers 4 ' can also be hung on both sides for the purpose of easier assembly with wide washers.
  • Fig. 3a The same principle of pneumatic locking can also be used for wall elements inclined or vertically arranged tracks, wherein the support structure by Coupling profiles 40 from lightweight materials in the longitudinal direction straight or curved, is formed, Fig. 3a.
  • the pressure chambers 41 and 42 dig the wall elements 43 and 44 in the profile 40.
  • Fig. 3b is shown with the modified profile 45 a corner joint.
  • the combination of the profile shapes 40 and 45 to achieve a connection of three tracks is possible as well as the formation of cross pieces for connecting four tracks.
  • the quality of the thermal insulation of an air layer can be significantly increased by inserting reflective films. Once convection is hindered within a horizontal layer of air, on the other hand, the heat transfer is already halved by radiation with a foil.
  • reflection films 50 are exemplified.
  • the outer fabric webs 1,2 can be covered on their inside with a reflective film of a few hundredths of a millimeter thickness.
  • the spacers 4 keep the films 50 at a distance, without hindering the rolling of the entire web and the pressure compensation during inflation in the pressure-relieved state.
  • Shown at 51 are schematically illustrated electrical, narrow heating foils (for AC or DC operation). They are glued in this embodiment on the underside of the outer layer 1. The much larger proportion of power penetrates as underfloor heating in the room, the loss disappears in the ground. Especially with this structural extension improved thermal insulation is advantageous.
  • FIG. 5a shows the position of three intermediate layers 50a, b, c, which leads to a large heat transfer as a result of the convective heat exchange in the wide air gap (within the space 60) and the non-suppressed heat radiation.
  • the space 60 between the upper cover layer and the upper intermediate layer 50a is pressurized. If a vacuum is generated in the space 60 by means of switching the compressor (pressure side / suction side), the outer boundary layers 1 and 2, (FIG. 5b), buckle according to their rigidity until they abut each other and thus reduce the quality of the thermal insulation. In this way, the heat transfer can be adjusted specifically.
  • a range of 1: 8 of the heat transfer rates can be realized for example with three reflective intermediate layers.
  • the construction according to the invention can also be extended to the extent that bumps and inclinations can be compensated. Since no expandable air chambers are used for reasons of stability, e.g. Pressure chambers in several layers 71, 72 are formed above or next to each other, as shown in FIG. 6. The pressurization of these additional chambers 71,72, which can be divided into individual chambers in the longitudinal direction of the web, can be done either by separate valve connections or by opening connecting lines.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Tents Or Canopies (AREA)
  • Building Environments (AREA)

Claims (9)

  1. Structure pneumatique de plancher ou de mur pour des bâtiments mobiles, comprenant deux couches de limitation souples (1, 2), imperméables à l'air, dans laquelle une pluralité de chambre à air (3, 8, 8') sont formées entre les couches de limitation (1, 2), dans laquelle une face de la structure pneumatique de plancher ou de mur est pourvue à plat d'une pluralité d'éléments plats profilés rigides (6), dans laquelle les éléments plats (6) sont posés directement et durablement sur la face extérieure d'une des couches de limitation (1) et dans laquelle les éléments plats (6) présentent entre eux un espacement s'étendant dans la direction d'enroulement, caractérisée en ce que les éléments plats (6) sont assemblés à la face extérieure de la couche de limitation (1) sur toute leur largeur s'étendant dans la direction d'enroulement et les éléments plats (6) ne sont reliés l'un à l'autre que par la couche de limitation (1), de telle manière que la structure de plancher ou de mur soit enroulable après le relâchement de la pression.
  2. Structure pneumatique de plancher ou de mur selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que l'assemblage de structures de plancher ou de mur voisines est effectué au moyen de couches de limitation (1, 2) qui se chevauchent, dans laquelle la surpression dans une des deux structures de plancher ou de mur à assembler produit une liaison par complémentarité de forme et de force avec les couches de limitation (1, 2) de l'autre structure de plancher ou de mur à assembler.
  3. Structure pneumatique de plancher ou de mur selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce qu'un profilé de couplage (40, 45) est disposé entre deux structures de plancher ou de mur voisines, profilé dans lequel des chambres à air (41, 42) des structures de plancher ou de mur voisines se verrouillent sous l'action de la pression.
  4. Structure pneumatique de plancher ou de mur selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que des couches intermédiaires (50, 50a, 50b, 50c) réfléchissant les rayonnements sont disposées dans les chambres à air (3, 60, 61), sans contact et sensiblement parallèlement aux couches de limitation (1, 2), dans le but d'améliorer l'isolation thermique.
  5. Structure pneumatique de plancher ou de mur selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que les chambres à air (60, 61) sont disposées en plusieurs couches, et les distances des couches intermédiaires (50, 50a, 50b, 50c) entre elles peuvent être modifiées par une application de pression dans des chambres à air individuelles (60, 61), afin de régler le passage de chaleur de façon ciblée.
  6. Structure pneumatique de plancher ou de mur selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que l'on peut produire une courbure vers l'intérieur des couches de limitation (1, 2) au moyen d'une dépression par rapport à l'atmosphère dans des chambres à air individuelles (60), selon leur rigidité, de telle façon que l'épaisseur de la couche d'air soit réduite et que le passage de chaleur soit ainsi accru.
  7. Structure pneumatique de plancher ou de mur selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que des films chauffants électriques souples (51) sont appliqués sur la face intérieure d'une couche de limitation (1, 2).
  8. Structure pneumatique de plancher ou de mur selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que des chambres à air individuelles (3, 8, 8') sont parcourues par de l'air comprimé chauffé ou refroidi, en vue d'une climatisation de l'espace, dans laquelle une autre chambre à air non parcourue est prévue entre ces chambres à air parcourues et une couche de limitation (1, 2) dans un but d'isolation thermique.
  9. Structure pneumatique de plancher ou de mur selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que des chambres à air (71, 72) sont disposées en plusieurs couches, dans laquelle on peut, en soumettant ces chambres à air à la pression, réaliser une compensation de niveau dans le cas d'un sol inégal.
EP06002596A 2005-04-26 2006-02-09 Structure pneumatique de plancher et de mur Not-in-force EP1717387B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102005019289A DE102005019289B3 (de) 2005-04-26 2005-04-26 Pneumatische Boden- oder Wandstruktur

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1717387A2 EP1717387A2 (fr) 2006-11-02
EP1717387A3 EP1717387A3 (fr) 2007-05-02
EP1717387B1 true EP1717387B1 (fr) 2007-10-17

Family

ID=36649408

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP06002596A Not-in-force EP1717387B1 (fr) 2005-04-26 2006-02-09 Structure pneumatique de plancher et de mur

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US20060249190A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP1717387B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE376111T1 (fr)
DE (2) DE102005019289B3 (fr)

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101949196B (zh) * 2010-09-17 2012-05-30 天津科技大学 充气式的墙体材料以及采用该墙体材料的充气式微型冷库
US8651124B2 (en) 2010-11-23 2014-02-18 Nage Colin Damas Tent with dividable mattress pocket
WO2016123121A1 (fr) * 2015-01-26 2016-08-04 THE CRICKET SYSTEM INCORPORATED(d/b/a Visible Good, Inc.) Abris et systèmes d'abri à déploiement rapide
AT518717B1 (de) * 2016-05-24 2018-08-15 Gentletent Gmbh Zelt
DE102019007576A1 (de) * 2019-08-13 2021-02-18 Malte FÜRSTENBERG Anordnung, dessen Herstellungsverfahren und Fahrzeug

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US945234A (en) * 1908-12-12 1910-01-04 Hinsdale Pneumatic Cushion And Mattress Company Pneumatic mattress.
US2663659A (en) * 1951-02-27 1953-12-22 Wingfoot Corp Joint construction in a segmented inflatable fabric member
DE1158015C2 (de) 1961-08-18 1964-06-04 Nikolaus Laing Vorrichtung zur AEnderung der Durchlaessigkeit einer Wandung fuer elektromagnetische Strahlung
US3118639A (en) * 1961-12-05 1964-01-21 California Inst Res Found Control and propulsion fluid foil
DE1223773B (de) 1964-07-17 1966-09-01 Nikolaus Laing Vorrichtung zur Veraenderung der Durchlaessigkeit einer Wandung fuer elektromagnetische Strahlung
DD81469A1 (de) * 1969-07-18 1971-04-20 Uwe Anders Bauwerk mit pneumatischen Wänden und Dächern
DE2040814C3 (de) * 1970-08-17 1974-03-28 Dagwin 6451 Bruchkoebel Quass Mehrzweckhaus
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DE3011308A1 (de) * 1980-03-24 1981-10-01 Rüdiger 4807 Borgholzhausen Vogler Pneumatisch steuerbares, isolierendes form- und flaechenelement
EP0400097A1 (fr) * 1988-04-30 1990-12-05 Korfmacher Trading Gmbh Tapis de stockage ou de support, notamment pour des applications d'emballage
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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP1717387A3 (fr) 2007-05-02
EP1717387A2 (fr) 2006-11-02
DE102005019289B3 (de) 2006-09-07
US20060249190A1 (en) 2006-11-09
ATE376111T1 (de) 2007-11-15
DE502006000140D1 (de) 2007-11-29

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