EP1712868B1 - Échangeur de chaleur - Google Patents
Échangeur de chaleur Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1712868B1 EP1712868B1 EP06005287.5A EP06005287A EP1712868B1 EP 1712868 B1 EP1712868 B1 EP 1712868B1 EP 06005287 A EP06005287 A EP 06005287A EP 1712868 B1 EP1712868 B1 EP 1712868B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- heat exchanger
- aperture
- exchanger according
- refrigerant
- blocks
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 claims description 41
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 15
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 description 10
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 4
- 206010052128 Glare Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007792 gaseous phase Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000006200 vaporizer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004378 air conditioning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000889 atomisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005204 segregation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005476 soldering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009827 uniform distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D1/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators
- F28D1/02—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid
- F28D1/04—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits
- F28D1/053—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits the conduits being straight
- F28D1/0535—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits the conduits being straight the conduits having a non-circular cross-section
- F28D1/05366—Assemblies of conduits connected to common headers, e.g. core type radiators
- F28D1/05391—Assemblies of conduits connected to common headers, e.g. core type radiators with multiple rows of conduits or with multi-channel conduits combined with a particular flow pattern, e.g. multi-row multi-stage radiators
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F9/00—Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
- F28F9/02—Header boxes; End plates
- F28F9/0202—Header boxes having their inner space divided by partitions
- F28F9/0204—Header boxes having their inner space divided by partitions for elongated header box, e.g. with transversal and longitudinal partitions
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F9/00—Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
- F28F9/02—Header boxes; End plates
- F28F9/026—Header boxes; End plates with static flow control means, e.g. with means for uniformly distributing heat exchange media into conduits
- F28F9/028—Header boxes; End plates with static flow control means, e.g. with means for uniformly distributing heat exchange media into conduits by using inserts for modifying the pattern of flow inside the header box, e.g. by using flow restrictors or permeable bodies or blocks with channels
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D21/00—Heat-exchange apparatus not covered by any of the groups F28D1/00 - F28D20/00
- F28D2021/0019—Other heat exchangers for particular applications; Heat exchange systems not otherwise provided for
- F28D2021/008—Other heat exchangers for particular applications; Heat exchange systems not otherwise provided for for vehicles
- F28D2021/0085—Evaporators
Definitions
- the invention relates to an evaporator, in particular for a motor vehicle, according to the preamble of claim 1.
- a refrigerant evaporator with refrigerant distribution which has four blocks. Between the individual blocks in each case a plurality of flat tubes and arranged therebetween corrugated fins are provided, which are flowed around by the outer fluid.
- the refrigerant evaporator is configured such that the first and second blocks are adjacent to each other in the width direction, perpendicular to a flow direction of an outer fluid, and the third and fourth blocks are arranged adjacent to each other in the width direction, the first block on an immediately downstream side of the fourth block is arranged in the flow direction of the outer fluid, while the second block is arranged on a direct downstream side of the third block in the flow direction of the outer fluid.
- throttles for reducing the refrigerant passage cross section are provided, that is, in all the blocks flowed through from the bottom up.
- the throttle holes that liquid refrigerant accumulates in front of the throttles, entrained with gaseous refrigerant due to the high refrigerant flow rate, and mixed with the same, resulting in a more uniform distribution of liquid and gaseous refrigerant.
- the throttling holes also put some effort into the production of the evaporator
- the throttle holes cause a narrowing of the flow cross-section, which can result in an increased pressure drop in the evaporator and thus a deterioration of performance and efficiency of the air conditioner.
- undesirable noise may occur at such throttle holes.
- a heat exchanger in particular for a motor vehicle, with a plurality of blocks, wherein in each block a plurality of tubes between two collecting sections are arranged, one of which is above and the other below, and at least one aperture is provided, wherein the diaphragm (s) is (are) arranged exclusively in or between blocks located in the flow path of the medium flowing through the heat exchanger.
- the orifice (s) is (are) located exclusively in or on the passage to the last bottom flowed through block or on the passage to the penultimate block.
- the orifice (s) can hereby ensure that flows through all the tubes of the last block, a balanced ratio of liquid and gaseous refrigerant from bottom to top.
- the diaphragm is arranged directly on the transition, particularly preferably on Transfer from penultimate to last collection section and possibly also at the transfer from the third last to the penultimate collection section.
- the provision of the orifices in the rear region of the heat exchanger results in a significant improvement in the distribution of refrigerant in the last and possibly second-to-last block, as opposed to an arrangement of two diaphragms each of a partition, ie the transition from the third last block to the penultimate block and the transition from the penultimate block to the last block of the heat exchanger, installation in the wrong collection box can be avoided, ie the process reliability is increased.
- the heat exchanger preferably has six blocks. These are arranged in two rows and are preferably flowed through in countercurrent operation. In this case, the individual blocks are flowed through in such a way that the respective adjacent blocks in the opposite direction, i. from top to bottom or from bottom to top, to be flowed through.
- the refrigerant supply and removal is preferably arranged on a narrow side of the evaporator, particularly preferably on the top, but also a longitudinal refrigerant feed and removal is possible.
- the narrow-side inlet and outlet allows the provision of the openings in a substantially flat plate.
- a more uniform flow formation of the injected refrigerant takes place. Also space advantages can result.
- the aperture can be polygonal, in particular rectangular, rounded polygonal, circular, elliptical or oval. Particularly preferably, it may have a substantially rectangular shape with a rounded and slightly oblique narrow side.
- the aperture is preferably arranged substantially centrally, however, for an increased refrigerant passage, for example, a downwardly offset or for a reduced refrigerant passage, for example, an upwardly offset arrangement of the aperture can be provided. Also can be optimized by such a staggered arrangement, the mixing quality of the two phases.
- the aperture preferably occupies an area of at most 95%, particularly preferably at most 50% and at least 1%, in particular preferably at least 5%, of the free mean flow cross-section in the corresponding collection section.
- This opening ratio leads to a good atomization of the liquid refrigerant collecting in front of the orifice, so that the refrigerant distribution and thus also the temperature distribution are optimized.
- values of 2%, 3%, 4%, 5%, 6%, 7%, 8%, 9%, 10%, 11%, 12%, 13%, 14%, 15%, 16% are also conceivable. , 17, 18, 19, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45, 55, 60, 65, 70, 75, 80, 85, 90 % and / or 95% as the start or end value of the interval.
- the distance between the diaphragms remains the same or even decreases.
- the apertures in the case of a plurality of successively arranged apertures are preferably larger in the flow direction of the refrigerant, so that the refrigerant distribution is optimized for the tubes. However, they can also become smaller or stay the same.
- a heat exchanger 1 in this case an evaporator of a motor vehicle, which is connected via an injection pipe 2 and a suction pipe 3 with an expansion element 4, according to the present embodiment from (fluidically seen) six blocks B1-B6, where he two rows, each with three blocks B1-B3 and B4-B6 is formed side by side, and has partition walls for refrigerant guide divided collection boxes 5 (hereinafter referred to as collection sections, a common name is also collector section or collector box), a plurality of arranged between the manifolds 5 flat tubes 6 and between the flat tubes 6 arranged corrugated fins (not shown) on. In each case, two collecting sections and the flat tubes 6 extending therebetween together with corrugated finned plates form a block.
- the collecting box 5 has laterally each an opening for the injection tube 2 and the suction tube 3 and is in principle of conventional design, ie consisting of a box bottom with two rows of slot-like openings into which the ends of the flat tubes 6 are inserted, an approximately U shaped box part, the said partitions for guiding the flow of refrigerant, side plates for the lateral termination, wherein in one of the two side plates, the openings for the injection pipe 2 and the suction pipe 3 are provided.
- the present, arranged here below collection box 5 in addition to a diaphragm 7, whose function is explained in more detail later.
- Block B1 comprises sixteen
- block B2 is eleven
- block B3 is sixteen
- block B4 is sixteen
- block B5 is eleven
- block B6 is again sixteen flat tubes 6, whereby the middle blocks B2 and B5 are made somewhat narrower than the outer blocks B1, B3, B4 and B6 ,
- the injection pipe 2 and the suction pipe 3 are mounted on one of the two side plates of the upper header 5, ie at the upper collecting section of the first block B1 or at the upper collecting section of the last block B6, wherein the heat exchanger 1 is flowed through in countercurrent operation.
- the flow direction of the refrigerant, in this case R134a, in the evaporator and the air to be cooled on the outside is in the FIGS. 1 and 4 or 2, 3 and 4 illustrated by arrows.
- the refrigerant is injected into the evaporator 1 in a two-phase state. It leaves the evaporator - depending on the load and control method - if necessary also in superheated, gaseous state.
- the orifice 7 is arranged between the eleventh last and the twelfth last flat tube 6, ie at the present sixteen flat tubes 6 approximately at the end of the front third of the lower collecting section of the last bottom flowed through block B6.
- the panel 7 is - in accordance with the attachment of the partitions - in the lower header box 5 present centrally located between two adjacent openings for flat tubes 6 and soldered to the collection box 5.
- the aperture 8 is arranged substantially centrally between the ends of the inserted flat tubes 6 and the lower wall of the collecting box 5 and has a square shape, wherein the surface of the aperture 8 occupies about 10% of the area of the collecting portion.
- the orifice 7 With regard to the effectiveness of the orifice 7 are the shape of the evaporator, the hydraulic diameter of the aperture 8, the number of diaphragms and their position in the last lower collection section, which is not directly connected to the suction tube 3, relevant, which is why for an optimization of Temperature distribution these parameters must be considered.
- the aperture has a circular shape.
- the shape of the aperture are in particular rectangular (see. Fig. 7b ) or oval / elliptical Shapes possible, wherein the edges of the rectangles may also be rounded (cf. Fig. 7c ).
- the aperture is arranged in the illustrated variants each approximately centrally between the ends of the flat tubes or the ends of the same receiving passages and the upper portion of the aperture receiving part of the header.
- a diaphragm 7 may be arranged in a depression which is provided in the part of the collecting tank 5 facing away from the flat tubes.
- the aperture 7, as in the embodiment described above, is arranged between two adjacent passages. This corresponds to a common installation method used for partitions.
- the aperture is in Fig. 8 not shown.
- the injection pipe and / or the suction pipe need not necessarily be connected on the narrow side, but also a longitudinal attachment is possible. It may well happen in a different flow through the heat exchanger, that the last of the refrigerant flowed through from below block, in which the diaphragm is arranged, is not arranged laterally, but for example in the middle.
- FIGS. 9 and 10 a variant of the heat exchanger not according to the invention is shown, wherein - according to the first embodiment - the heat exchanger in turn has six blocks B1 to B6, which are flowed through in cross-countercurrent operation.
- the heat exchanger in turn has six blocks B1 to B6, which are flowed through in cross-countercurrent operation.
- a single aperture 7 (in Fig. 10 exaggerated shown), ie the aperture 7 is arranged in the lower header directly in the same height of the partition in the upper header.
- the panel 7 may thus correspond in its outer contour of a partition.
- the diaphragm 7 has an aperture 8, in this case as in FIG Fig. 13 represented in the form of a rectangle with a rounded and slightly beveled narrow side.
- the aperture size here is about 50% of the total area of the diaphragm in the corresponding area of the collecting tank.
- a second aperture 7 between the fourth block B4 and the fifth block B5 is arranged, due to the flow path so in the upper header (see Fig. 12 ).
- the two apertures 7 in the present case have corresponding apertures 8, but also different configurations and arrangements of apertures are possible.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
Claims (13)
- Echangeur de chaleur, en particulier pour un véhicule automobile, comprenant plusieurs blocs (B1 - B6), où une pluralité de tubes placés entre deux parties collectrices est disposée à chaque fois dans les différents blocs (B1 - B6), parties collectrices dont l'une est disposée en haut, l'autre étant disposée en bas, où l'échangeur de chaleur, vu dans la direction de l'air, est configuré sur deux rangées, et où il est prévu, dans au moins une partie collectrice, au moins un obturateur, caractérisé en ce que l'obturateur / les obturateurs (7) est / sont disposé(s) exclusivement dans ou entre des blocs (B4, B5, B6) se trouvant derrière, lesdits blocs étant vus dans la direction d'écoulement du milieu traversant l'échangeur de chaleur, où l'obturateur / les obturateurs est / sont disposé(s) exclusivement dans ou au niveau du passage donnant accès au dernier bloc (B6) traversé à partir du bas, ou bien au niveau du passage donnant accès à l'avant-dernier bloc (B5), et en ce qu'il est prévu précisément un ou deux obturateurs (7), où l'obturateur (7) / l'obturateur (7) au moins au nombre de un est disposé au niveau de l'extrémité du premier tiers de la partie collectrice inférieure du dernier bloc (B6) traversé à partir du bas, où l'obturateur / les obturateurs (7) est / sont formé(s) par une tôle qui est introduite dans un creux situé dans la partie collectrice avec laquelle ladite tôle est brasée.
- Echangeur de chaleur selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que l'échangeur de chaleur (1) présente six blocs (B1 - B6).
- Echangeur de chaleur selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que les tubes sont des tubes plats (6).
- Echangeur de chaleur selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que des tôles à ailettes ondulées sont disposées entre les tubes.
- Echangeur de chaleur selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que l'arrivée et l'évacuation du fluide frigorigène sont disposées sur un petit côté de l'échangeur de chaleur (1).
- Echangeur de chaleur selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que l'ouverture (8) de l'obturateur est configurée en ayant une forme polygonale, une forme polygonale et arrondie, une forme de cercle, une forme elliptique ou ovale.
- Echangeur de chaleur selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que l'ouverture (8) de l'obturateur occupe une surface égale au maximum à 95 %, en particulier égale au maximum à 50 % de la section d'écoulement centrale libre dans la partie collectrice correspondante.
- Echangeur de chaleur selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que l'ouverture (8) de l'obturateur occupe une surface égale au minimum à 1 %, en particulier égale au minimum à 5 % de la section d'écoulement centrale libre dans la partie collectrice correspondante.
- Echangeur de chaleur selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce qu'il est prévu deux obturateurs.
- Echangeur de chaleur selon la revendication 9, caractérisé en ce que la distance entre les obturateurs augmente, dans la direction d'écoulement du fluide frigorigène, à partir des extrémités de la partie collectrice.
- Echangeur de chaleur selon la revendication 9 ou 10, caractérisé en ce que les ouvertures des obturateurs deviennent plus grandes dans la direction d'écoulement du fluide frigorigène.
- Echangeur de chaleur selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce qu'il est prévu, comme fluide frigorigène, du R134a.
- Echangeur de chaleur selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce qu'un obturateur (7) est disposé précisément au niveau d'un passage permettant d'aller de l'avant-dernier bloc (B5) jusqu'au dernier bloc (B6).
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102005017622 | 2005-04-15 | ||
DE102005059917A DE102005059917A1 (de) | 2005-04-15 | 2005-12-13 | Verdampfer |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1712868A2 EP1712868A2 (fr) | 2006-10-18 |
EP1712868A3 EP1712868A3 (fr) | 2011-11-02 |
EP1712868B1 true EP1712868B1 (fr) | 2017-09-20 |
Family
ID=36678466
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP06005287.5A Active EP1712868B1 (fr) | 2005-04-15 | 2006-03-15 | Échangeur de chaleur |
Country Status (2)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP1712868B1 (fr) |
DE (1) | DE102005059917A1 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102007062512A1 (de) * | 2007-12-20 | 2009-06-25 | Behr Gmbh & Co. Kg | Wärmetauscher, insbesondere Verdampfer |
DE102008038498A1 (de) * | 2008-08-20 | 2010-02-25 | Behr Gmbh & Co. Kg | Wärmetauscher für ein Kraftfahrzeug |
DE102010031397A1 (de) | 2010-07-15 | 2012-03-29 | Behr Gmbh & Co. Kg | Verdampfervorrichtung |
CN104880116A (zh) | 2014-02-27 | 2015-09-02 | 杭州三花研究院有限公司 | 集管及具有该集管的换热器 |
CN104879955B (zh) | 2014-02-27 | 2018-10-19 | 杭州三花研究院有限公司 | 换热器 |
DE102015210184A1 (de) * | 2015-06-02 | 2016-12-22 | Volkswagen Aktiengesellschaft | Kraftfahrzeug mit einem Klimagerät |
DE102018209775A1 (de) * | 2018-06-18 | 2019-12-19 | Mahle International Gmbh | Sammler für einen Wärmetauscher |
Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE69601547T2 (de) * | 1995-12-14 | 1999-09-02 | Sanden Corp | Wärmetauscher mit Endkammern,die mit Trennwänden versehen sind,und Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung |
Family Cites Families (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE3918312A1 (de) * | 1988-12-22 | 1990-12-06 | Thermal Waerme Kaelte Klima | Flachrohrverfluessiger, herstellungsverfahren und anwendung |
FR2755220B1 (fr) * | 1996-10-25 | 1999-01-08 | Valeo Thermique Moteur Sa | Boite collectrice a reservoir integre pour echangeur de chaleur, notamment de vehicule automobile |
US6250103B1 (en) * | 1999-04-07 | 2001-06-26 | Showa Denko K.K. | Condenser and air conditioning refrigeration system and using same |
EP1065453B1 (fr) * | 1999-07-02 | 2004-05-06 | Denso Corporation | Evaporateur de réfrigérant avec distribution de réfrigérant |
DE10312780A1 (de) * | 2003-03-21 | 2004-11-25 | Behr Gmbh & Co. Kg | Wärmetauscher |
-
2005
- 2005-12-13 DE DE102005059917A patent/DE102005059917A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
2006
- 2006-03-15 EP EP06005287.5A patent/EP1712868B1/fr active Active
Patent Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE69601547T2 (de) * | 1995-12-14 | 1999-09-02 | Sanden Corp | Wärmetauscher mit Endkammern,die mit Trennwänden versehen sind,und Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP1712868A3 (fr) | 2011-11-02 |
EP1712868A2 (fr) | 2006-10-18 |
DE102005059917A1 (de) | 2006-11-02 |
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