EP1711639B1 - Procede de production d'un element de blindage forme en trois dimensions pour carrosseries de vehicules - Google Patents

Procede de production d'un element de blindage forme en trois dimensions pour carrosseries de vehicules Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1711639B1
EP1711639B1 EP05726399A EP05726399A EP1711639B1 EP 1711639 B1 EP1711639 B1 EP 1711639B1 EP 05726399 A EP05726399 A EP 05726399A EP 05726399 A EP05726399 A EP 05726399A EP 1711639 B1 EP1711639 B1 EP 1711639B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
component
producing
vehicle bodies
armoring
steel sheet
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Revoked
Application number
EP05726399A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP1711639A1 (fr
Inventor
Marion Sobe
Meinhard Schröder
Thomas Müller
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
MUELLER, THOMAS
Original Assignee
Fes Fahrzeug-Entwicklung Sachsen GmbH
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Publication date
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Application filed by Fes Fahrzeug-Entwicklung Sachsen GmbH filed Critical Fes Fahrzeug-Entwicklung Sachsen GmbH
Publication of EP1711639A1 publication Critical patent/EP1711639A1/fr
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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
    • C21D9/42—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for armour plate
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
    • C21D1/18—Hardening; Quenching with or without subsequent tempering
    • C21D1/25—Hardening, combined with annealing between 300 degrees Celsius and 600 degrees Celsius, i.e. heat refining ("Vergüten")
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
    • C21D1/56—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering characterised by the quenching agents
    • C21D1/58—Oils
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
    • C21D1/62—Quenching devices
    • C21D1/673—Quenching devices for die quenching
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/49616—Structural member making
    • Y10T29/49622—Vehicular structural member making

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for producing a three-dimensionally shaped armor component for vehicle bodies by producing sheet metal parts made of hardenable steel, with thermal pretreatment of these steel plates, wherein the heating rate and temperature are selected until reaching the alloy content dependent austenitic state, and a subsequent press molding and hardening treatment the molded armor components.
  • Such technical solutions are needed for example in the automotive industry of armored limousines.
  • This process is used in particular for the production of precursors, which are used, for example, for the production of Rolling and gear parts on the one hand particularly fatigue-resistant, high load capacity and wear-resistant and on the other hand in the interest of minimal mechanical post-processing should be able to produce particularly fit.
  • an air-hardening steel is used, which after heating to at least 1100 ° C, first a hot working to a temperature of at least 800 ° C and subsequent cooling by air to about 280 ° C with simultaneous thermomechanical treatment by calibration, followed by cooling in air is recovered to room temperature and final relaxation treatment at a temperature of 150 to 250 ° C.
  • the object is therefore to provide a technical solution, with the help of which the deficiencies of the known state of the art are overcome.
  • a method is to be developed which is suitable for the production of armor components for vehicle bodies while avoiding weak spots in the armored area.
  • the armor components should be produced with minimized post-processing requirements repeatable and with significantly lower dimensional tolerances than comparable weldments.
  • the method provides for the production of a three-dimensionally shaped armor component for vehicle bodies by producing hardened steel sheet metal parts.
  • the steel blanks are thermally pretreated for this, wherein the heating rate and the heating temperature are selected so that the alloy content dependent austenitic or partially austenitic state is reached.
  • austenitized state the majority of the alloying elements contained in the steel plate material is dissolved in austenite.
  • the heat treatment time is selected in the austenitization depending on the carbon content and the amount and type of alloying elements as well as the sheet thickness so that both scaling, edge decarburization and grain growth are minimized.
  • the method provides to carry out the hot forming and quench hardening of the steel blanks in a single operation.
  • the austenitized steel plate is formed as directly as possible, preferably even in the austenitic or partially austenitic state by means of pressing tool and as a result of the desired high cooling rate, the desired hardness structure is achieved in the formed steel plate.
  • the required critical cooling rate is chosen so that a hardened structure is formed.
  • the full-surface contact of the formed steel plate with the press tool ensures the avoidance of deformation due to thermal stresses to the partial or complete structural transformation of the formed steel plate and serves to form the required hardness structure in all areas of the armor component produced. This weak points are safely avoided within the armor component.
  • the cooling of the formed component is part of the hardening treatment and therefore takes place in a closed pressing tool.
  • the deformation takes place in the pressing tool so that the speed of cooling of the austenitized or teilaustenitarraen steel plate during the pressing process under full-surface concerns of the formed steel plate to the engraving of the pressing tool as possible above the critical cooling rate.
  • the austenitized steel plate is first formed after insertion into the pressing tool and held in complete contact with the pressing tool, wherein the pressing tool is cooled to at least about 70 ° C before the forming process. After the forming process, the further cooling of the formed steel plate is carried out with open pressing tool or outside of the pressing tool to the ambient air. It is assumed that the shock-like cooling of the austenitized formed steel plate in the pre-cooled press tool not only leads to the formation of the fundamental hardness structure, but also to a sufficient dimensional stability of the generated three-dimensional armor component. In this case, the pressing tool can be used in higher frequency for the production of repeatable components.
  • the steel plates used are preferably sheets of hardenable and martensite-hardening steels.
  • the process provides that the hardness of the armor steel when hardened in hardness oil is greater than 45 HRC or the hardness after hot aging is greater than 45 HRC.
  • Three-dimensionally shaped armor components of high dimensional accuracy are obtained in particular in that the press tool is held closed after the forming process until reaching the desired cooling temperature over a period of 50 to 500 seconds. As a result, the component is held in the calibration until complete formation of the hardness structure, whereby deformations due to thermal stresses can be largely excluded.
  • the cooling rate on the contact of the formed steel plate with the pressing tool is influenced by the fact that the pressing tool of good thermal conductivity material, such as steel and / or by coolant, preferably z. As water, ammonia and / or compressed air, can be cooled.
  • measures such as curing, aging or aging are possible thermal treatment procedures depending on the alloy composition. These measures are used to compensate for possible non-uniform distributions of the degrees of hardness in the component and thus preclude safety uncertainties against bombardment or Bespreng Homelanden.
  • the thermal distortion occurring in the thermal aftertreatment is known to be only about 10% of the armor components produced by means of welding technology. It is particularly advantageous that the hot forming and the quench hardening of the austenitized or teilaustenitinstrumenten steel blanks are carried out in one operation.
  • the advantages of the invention are summarized in that for the special case of the production of three-dimensionally shaped armor components for vehicle bodies certain requirements for the production of hardened steels, as they are known for the production of tools or semi-finished products, must not be met. This applies, for example, the resistance to rolling fatigue, wear resistance or permanent fatigue strength. It can be assumed that the body of a vehicle of the special protection class is discarded completely or at least with respect to the loaded armor components after a first load by bombardment or sprinkling. Taking these special requirements into account, the armor components to be produced must have in particular the continuous or full-surface quality and, if possible, do not require mechanical reworking of the surface of the three-dimensionally shaped armor component. The proposed method takes these special requirements into account to a high degree.
  • three-dimensionally shaped armor components of high quality are obtained in a comparatively simple manner by combining a hot forming process with a hardening process starting from sheet metal blanks which have been previously pretreated into an austenitized or partially austenitized state.
  • the required heat treatment parameters are sought.
  • Some tempered steels for use in the VR 6 protection class using the proposed method even without subsequent heat treatment, achieve all protection requirements, including safety against being splashed with type DM 51 hand grenades without splinter outlets on the back of the armor elements.
  • the press tools In the design of the press tools must be taken to ensure that at each point of the formed steel plate sufficient heat dissipation can be ensured.
  • the flow properties of the material must be observed so that on the one hand the component during the forming process with uniform surface pressure completely and evenly applies to the engraving of the tool and thinning of the material thickness can be avoided.
  • the wall thickness can be more than 10 mm.
  • armor components for vehicle bodies can be realized by way of hot forming, which could previously be produced only as elaborate weldments with ballistic weaknesses in the weld seam area. Due to the high process reliability of the standard use of the method for the production of three-dimensionally shaped armor components high dimensional accuracy is possible.
  • a steel sheet with a thickness of 6.5 mm has the following content of alloying elements: 0.5% C 1.1 - 1.3% Ni 1.0 - 1.5% Si 0.5 - 0.6% Mn 0.1 - 0.5% Not a word.
  • a board is obtained and heated to an austenitizing temperature of 950 ° C.
  • the board is inserted into the press tool and reshaped by closing the press tool.
  • the quench cooling of the formed steel plate takes place at mold temperature.
  • the tool can be cooled by coolant.
  • the closing pressure of the pressing tool is maintained over the entire cooling time. This is followed by a heat treatment by tempering to the quality HRC 50.
  • the three-dimensionally shaped armor component corresponds to the firing class VR 6, which was demonstrated by bombardment tests.
  • a steel plate with a thickness of 6.5 mm has the following proportions of alloying elements: 0.25 - 0.4% C 0.0 - 1.0% Ni 0.2 - 0.4% Si 0.0 - 2.0% Mn 0.0-0.55% Not a word 0.0 - 1.1% Cr.
  • This steel plate is heated to Austenitmaschinestemperatur in the amount of 970 ° C and immediately loaded in the press tool and formed by closing the press tool.
  • the press tool was previously cooled to about 70 ° C.
  • the pressing tool can be opened and the further cooling of the three-dimensionally shaped armor component can be carried out at room temperature. On a subsequent heat treatment is omitted.
  • the obtained three-dimensionally shaped armor component corresponds to the fire class VR 6, which was proved by bombardment tests.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Heat Treatment Of Articles (AREA)
  • Heat Treatment Of Steel (AREA)
  • Body Structure For Vehicles (AREA)
  • Forging (AREA)
  • Shaping Metal By Deep-Drawing, Or The Like (AREA)
  • Fittings On The Vehicle Exterior For Carrying Loads, And Devices For Holding Or Mounting Articles (AREA)
  • Physical Or Chemical Processes And Apparatus (AREA)

Claims (12)

  1. Procédé de production d'un élément de blindage formé en trois dimensions pour des carrosseries de véhicules par la fabrication de pièces de tôle préformées en acier trempant par un prétraitement thermique de ces flans d'acier, dans lequel on choisit la vitesse et la température de chauffage au moins jusqu'à l'obtention de l'état austénitique ou partiellement austénitique selon la teneur en éléments d'alliage, et ensuite par un traitement de formage à la presse suivi éventuellement d'un traitement thermique ou de trempe des éléments de blindage préformés, caractérisé en ce que l'on exécute le formage à chaud et la trempe des flans d'acier en une seule opération, en ce que l'on forme le flan d'acier austénitisé encore à l'état austénitique ou partiellement austénitique au moyen d'un outil de presse, en ce que l'on forme le flan d'acier austénitisé en un temps de 90 secondes au maximum au moyen de l'outil de presse, en ce que l'on maintient l'élément formé en contact de pleine surface avec l'outil de presse, en ce que l'on effectue le refroidissement de l'élément formé dans l'outil de presse fermé, et en ce que l'on effectue le refroidissement de l'élément formé dans l'outil de presse fermé avec une vitesse de refroidissement qui correspond au moins à la vitesse de refroidissement critique spécifique du matériau.
  2. Procédé de production d'un élément de blindage formé en trois dimensions pour des carrosseries de véhicules selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que l'on refroidit l'outil de presse au moins à environ 70°C avant l'opération de formage.
  3. Procédé de production d'un élément de blindage formé en trois dimensions pour des carrosseries de véhicules selon les revendications 1 et 2, caractérisé en ce que, après l'opération de formage, on effectue le refroidissement ultérieur du flan d'acier formé sans calibrage mais cependant en maintenant la pression de la presse pour l'évacuation de la chaleur hors du flan dans l'outil de presse.
  4. Procédé de production d'un élément de blindage formé en trois dimensions pour des carrosseries de véhicules selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que l'on utilise comme flans d'acier des tôles en aciers trempants et à trempe martensitique.
  5. Procédé de production d'un élément de blindage formé en trois dimensions pour des carrosseries de véhicules selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce que l'on utilise des aciers ayant un niveau de dureté de l'acier de blindage supérieur à 45 HRC lors d'une trempe à l'huile de trempe ou la dureté après durcissement par précipitation à chaud est supérieure à 45 HRC.
  6. Procédé de production d'un élément de blindage formé en trois dimensions pour des carrosseries de véhicules selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisé en ce que les éléments d'alliage sont dissous principalement dans l'austénite pendant le chauffage à la température d'austénitisation.
  7. Procédé de production d'un élément de blindage formé en trois dimensions pour des carrosseries de véhicules selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisé en ce que l'on choisit la durée et la température du traitement thermique d'austénitisation pour minimiser l'oxydation, la décarburation superficielle et la croissance du grain en fonction du matériau de l'élément et de l'épaisseur du matériau.
  8. Procédé de production d'un élément de blindage formé en trois dimensions pour des carrosseries de véhicules selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 7, caractérisé en ce que l'on effectue le formage du flan d'acier austénitisé environ à la température d'austénitisation dépendant de la teneur en alliage ou à des températures auxquelles le flan d'acier se trouve à l'état partiellement austénitisé.
  9. Procédé de production d'un élément de blindage formé en trois dimensions pour des carrosseries de véhicules selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 8, caractérisé en ce que l'on maintient l'outil de presse fermé après l'opération de formage pendant une durée d'au moins 50 à 500 secondes jusqu'à ce que la température de refroidissement désirée soit atteinte.
  10. Procédé de production d'un élément de blindage formé en trois dimensions pour des carrosseries de véhicules selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 9, caractérisé en ce que l'on peut refroidir l'outil de presse au moyen d'agents de refroidissement, de préférence l'eau, l'ammoniaque et/ou l'air comprimé.
  11. Procédé de production d'un élément de blindage formé en trois dimensions pour des carrosseries de véhicules selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 10, caractérisé en ce que l'on soumet les flans d'acier refroidis et formés à un traitement thermique final sous la forme d'une relaxation et/ou d'un revenu.
  12. Procédé de production d'un élément de blindage formé en trois dimensions pour des carrosseries de véhicules selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 10, caractérisé en ce que l'on traite encore finalement les flans d'acier refroidis et formés par revenu, trempe et revenu, durcissement par précipitation ou durcissement par précipitation à chaud.
EP05726399A 2004-02-06 2005-02-03 Procede de production d'un element de blindage forme en trois dimensions pour carrosseries de vehicules Revoked EP1711639B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102004006093A DE102004006093B3 (de) 2004-02-06 2004-02-06 Verfahren zur Herstellung eines dreidimensional geformten Panzerungsbauteils für Fahrzeugkarosserien
PCT/DE2005/000169 WO2005078143A1 (fr) 2004-02-06 2005-02-03 Procede de production d'un element de blindage forme en trois dimensions pour carrosseries de vehicules

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1711639A1 EP1711639A1 (fr) 2006-10-18
EP1711639B1 true EP1711639B1 (fr) 2008-12-31

Family

ID=34853400

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP05726399A Revoked EP1711639B1 (fr) 2004-02-06 2005-02-03 Procede de production d'un element de blindage forme en trois dimensions pour carrosseries de vehicules

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US20070130772A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP1711639B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE419401T1 (fr)
CA (1) CA2558003A1 (fr)
DE (2) DE102004006093B3 (fr)
WO (1) WO2005078143A1 (fr)

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DE102005014298B4 (de) 2005-03-24 2006-11-30 Benteler Automobiltechnik Gmbh Panzerung für ein Fahrzeug
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DE102007039998B4 (de) 2007-08-23 2014-05-22 Benteler Defense Gmbh & Co. Kg Panzerung für ein Fahrzeug
DE102008010168B4 (de) 2008-02-20 2010-04-22 Benteler Automobiltechnik Gmbh Panzerung für ein Fahrzeug
DE102008012720A1 (de) 2008-03-05 2009-09-10 Benteler Automobiltechnik Gmbh Panzerung für ein Fahrzeug
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WO2010061007A1 (fr) * 2008-11-03 2010-06-03 Fundacion Labein Procédé de trempe d'une pièce obtenue par estampage à chaud et dispositif utilisé dans le procédé
DE102009049584A1 (de) 2009-10-16 2011-04-21 Benteler Automobiltechnik Gmbh Gepanzerter Fahrzeuggrill
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DE102010050499B3 (de) * 2010-11-08 2012-01-19 Benteler Automobiltechnik Gmbh Verwendung eines verschleißfesten Stahlbauteils
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US9671199B1 (en) * 2014-05-06 2017-06-06 Premier Body Armor, LLC Armor steel products and method for making same
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TWI655977B (zh) * 2018-02-14 2019-04-11 中龍鋼鐵股份有限公司 Hot rolled test piece leveling device
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DE102022105458B3 (de) 2022-03-08 2023-05-11 Benteler Automobiltechnik Gmbh Schutzeinhausung und Verfahren zu ihrer Herstellung

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE102004006093B3 (de) 2005-12-01
WO2005078143A1 (fr) 2005-08-25
US20070130772A1 (en) 2007-06-14
ATE419401T1 (de) 2009-01-15
WO2005078143A8 (fr) 2006-11-30
CA2558003A1 (fr) 2005-08-25
DE502005006377D1 (de) 2009-02-12
EP1711639A1 (fr) 2006-10-18

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