EP1710348A2 - Device for laying Y shaped track sleepers - Google Patents

Abstract

Each railway sleeper (1) has two gently-curved S-shaped crossbeams (10'), parallel and close together at the bottom of the Y-shape and parallel and far apart at the top. The crossbeams have an I-shaped cross-section with chamfered ends and are connected together by angle-irons (13,14) under the rails (S1,S2). Spring clips (15) connect the rails to the two adjacent ends of the steel crossbeams and to the far-apart ends and short auxiliary sleepers (16). The sleepers may be stacked on top of each other.

Description

The invention relates to a device for the transport of Y-sleepers by means of a crane, which is equipped with a rotatable by 180 ° load-receiving means for the Y-sleepers and an excavator or crane, equipped with such a device.

Y-sleepers, in particular Y-steel sleepers, are becoming increasingly popular both for ballast tracks and on slab tracks. When used on ballast beds considerable material is saved ( Lichtberger, Manual Gleis, Tetzlaff-Verlag Hamburg, 2004, pages 158-160 ).

Guides and others have in the Manual "Y-steel sleeper superstructure", Hestra-Verlag Darmstadt 1994, pages 73-78 shown a laying technique for Y-steel sleepers, taken in the case of a commercial excavator or crane from a stack individual thresholds by means of a hanger or a magnetic device and rotated in the appropriate threshold distance in each case by 180 ° to each other, can be stored on the gravel surface. This rotation, as shown in the pictures, is required due to the design of the Y-threshold. A laying directly out of a stack or an automatable laying device except as part of a larger track renewal train are not yet known.

The invention is therefore based on the problem of proposing an automatable device for the targeted laying out of Y-sleepers, in particular of sleepers stacked during transport.

The problem is solved according to the invention by the features of claims 1 and 17. Further developments of the invention are described in the dependent claims.

The solution comprises a device for laying out Y-thresholds of a Transportinragen in desired position on a track bed by means of a crane which is equipped with a 180 ° rotatable load-carrying means for the thresholds, with a motor-movable crossbar with coupling device to the crane, at least one with the traverse rotatably connected crosshead, at least two spaced from each other and from the crosshead vertically downwardly extending leg for embracing at least the bottom of a plurality of stacked Y-thresholds, which are connected to the crosshead and connected to the leg holding device for at least the lowest of the stacked sleepers. A further solution includes an excavator or crane equipped with such a device.

Although Y-sills can be made of different materials, only Y-steel sleepers will be considered below to illustrate the invention.
The Y-steel sleeper consists of four parts, sections of wide-flange girders, of which two long parts are bent in an S-shape and two counter-bent wide-flange girders are assembled into a fork. At the fork end, two short wide flange beams are positioned parallel to it. Both at the rod-shaped end of the threshold, at which the two curved Breitflanschträger come together, as well as the fork end, the carriers are interconnected by crossbars, so that each Y-steel sleeper three double bearing and three Schienenbefestigungspunkte arise. The ends of the Breitflanschträger are chamfered. Crossbar and wide flange are welded together.

In the direction of the track axis, a fork end and subsequently a rod end are then positioned in each case, which results in the need to place every second Y steel sleeper offset by 180 ° to the preceding one on the track bed.

Such Y-thresholds are usually shipped with the fasteners in pre-assembly, with six or more thresholds are stacked in the same direction and held by Umgreifungsbänder in position.

The solution provides a cross-shaped arrangement of a traverse with a crosshead, wherein at least from the crosshead are provided vertically downwardly extending legs, which can grab or fix at least the lowest threshold of a stack.

If the crosshead is designed so that the legs detect the parallel main and secondary beams at the fork end, another leg could engage around the other end of the traverse the rod-shaped end or the two S-shaped curved main carrier.

As a rule, however, it is provided that the traverse is connected with two cross-heads, each with two legs, the legs on one cross-head laterally embrace the rod-shaped end of the Y-threshold, while the other two legs on the second crosshead, the fork end of the Y- Embrace threshold laterally. The legs on the traverse or the traverse on the crosshead can also be arranged displaceably, for example if the device is to be designed for sleepers for tracks wider and narrower gauge.

In one embodiment of the invention, the holding device for the threshold on the leg is formed so that it is arranged in the lower region of the legs, consists of horizontally movable pin, wherein according to a further variant of the invention on each leg two holding devices for two with each other or stacked thresholds of a threshold stack are determined. Thereby, the threshold is held from each side, preferably by means of two bolts on two legs.

The bolts may be extended and then engage under the thresholds or lie at the bottom of a threshold. Preferably, the threshold sole or a flange rests on the extended bolt. As a result, when the bolts are retracted, the threshold is released and no longer held. With two bolts arranged one above the other, only the lower threshold would be released in a stack, while the overlying threshold would be held in position by the second bolts of the holding device. The bolts can be designed as electrically or hydraulically loadable telescopes, so for example as a normal hydraulic cylinder.

Preferably, according to a variant of the invention, the movable bolts are formed on their head as a ball or roller so that when retracting the bolt, the wear due to friction between the threshold and bolt is minimized.

In a fundamentally diverging from the holding device described so far embodiment of the invention, it is provided that the arranged on the crosshead or the traverse and connected to this leg are pivotally mounted to the crosshead or to Traverse and the holding device comprises a pivot drive for the leg, the makes the leg relative to the crosshead or to the cross member by a predetermined angular amount in the range of 5 to 30 °, preferably about 15 ° or less pivoting. In this design, the legs should be coated on the side facing the threshold with a non-slip elastic coating, so when swiveling the legs this at the edges z. B. the wide flange, from which the threshold is composed, experience no damage, however, thresholds between the legs can be clamped once the pivot drive of the holding device has exceeded a corresponding pivoting angle. The covering is preferably made of plastic, preferably an elastomer or of Rubber, which has the required non-slip and elastic properties.

Instead of receiving a stack by the previously described form of the device in which the holding device engages in the form of movable bolts below the lowest threshold, in this embodiment, the pivot drive is put into operation to spread the legs slightly outwards, so the leg distance enlarge their tips and then after embracing one or two superimposed threshold stack, the legs pivoted back, so that the ends of the legs come closer together than on the crosshead or the traverse. The rotary actuator is left in operation until the legs or their non-slip coating is at the lowest threshold and a certain hydraulic pressure or a certain power consumption is recorded, so that the operator is sure that the legs with a lifting of the threshold packages with the device does not leave its desired position and the thresholds are raised with. This monitoring of the electric drive or hydraulic drive can also be done automatically by appropriate control or load limiting devices.

In a further embodiment of the invention, now a single threshold or a threshold stack, which has been raised by the device using a arranged between Traverse and crane rotary motor can be rotated by a pivoting movement of the crosshead by 180 °, then alternately store a threshold and the next in the track direction, rotated 180 ° to the stored threshold position.

In order to ensure that the threshold stacks or individual thresholds are always received in the same position, according to a further embodiment of the invention, a stopper is provided which contacts the threshold at a predetermined location and thus permits alignment of the device relative to the threshold. Such a stop could for example be designed as a vertical sword, the sword itself is arranged on the traverse or on the crosshead and is moved vertically into the threshold stack when applying the device for receiving the threshold stack. However, it can also be provided to arrange stops on the legs directly.

For positionally accurate positioning of the sleepers on trackbed is provided in one embodiment of the invention that at least at one end of the traverse a camera is mounted to monitor the threshold position. If necessary, a second camera may also be provided at the other end of the truss or e.g. a crosshead can be arranged.

The device according to the invention can be mounted according to the invention at the construction site on a commercial crane or excavator, preferably an already equipped with hydraulic drive mobile excavator. This saves investment costs when equipping the often available excavator with it. Rarely, however, could such a crane as a special crane equipped with a device according to the invention, all drives and parts of the device with a remote control, for example, for rotary motor, swinging the legs, moving the camera, extending or retracting the bolts of the holding device, are operable. On the other hand, the device can be used simply as an attachment to an excavator available on every construction site. In this case, the rotary actuator is preferably mounted as part of the traverse and in turn can be coupled with correspondingly remotely controlled electric or hydraulic drives and controls of the excavator and thus remotely controlled by the excavator driver from his seat. Alternatively, the excavator or crane may be equipped with a separate pivot drive coupled between the traverse and the excavator.

Fig. 1 a

Y-Stahlschwelle in Seitenansicht;

Fig. 1 b

Y-Stahlschwelle in Draufsicht;

Fig. 1 c

Y-Stahlschwellen ausgerichtet auf einem Schotterplanum;

Fig. 2

erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung mit einer Halteeinrichtung in Seitenansicht mit zwei Stapeln Y-Schwellen;

Fig. 3

Vorrichtung gemäß Fig. 2 in Draufsicht;

Fig. 4

erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung mit alternativer Halteeinrichtung in Vorderansicht mit einem Stapel Y-Stahlschwellen;

Fig. 5

Vorrichtung im Einsatz beim Auslegen von Y-Stahlschwellen.

Reference to a schematic drawing, the invention will be explained in more detail and the purpose and other advantages will be described. Show it:

Fig. 1 a

Y-steel sleeper in side view;

Fig. 1 b

Y-steel sleeper in plan view;

Fig. 1 c

Y-steel sleepers aligned on a gravel surface;

Fig. 2

Device according to the invention with a holding device in side view with two stacks Y-thresholds;

Fig. 3

Device according to Figure 2 in plan view.

Fig. 4

Inventive device with alternative holding device in front view with a stack of Y-steel sleepers;

Fig. 5

Device in use when laying Y-steel sleepers.

In the following description, identical components are given identical reference numerals.
1a shows a Y-steel sleeper 1 in side view and in Fig. 1b in plan view. The threshold is composed of two curved main beams 10, 10 'and two straight short sub-beams 16, 16' of wide-flange beams. These carriers are welded together by lower crossbars 13, 14 and upper bar 15 for rail seat fixation and thus firmly connected. The Y-steel sleeper has a bar end 11 and a fork end 12.
For use in a track on a ballast bed according to FIG. 1 c, the Y-steel sleepers 1 are aligned alternately with the fork end 12 and then with the bar end 11 arranged one behind the other for fastening the rails S1 and S2. The rails S1 and S2 have on their surface a mark for the position of the thresholds 1.

FIG. 2 and FIG. 3 show a first embodiment of a device 2 according to the invention for transporting and laying out the Y-sleepers 1 on the gravel surface P of a track.
The device 2 has a traverse 20, which is connected by means of coupling device 21 with a hydraulic excavator, not shown. This device may, for example, be designed as a rotary motor for pivoting the device 2 about a vertical axis with input and output shafts. Transverse to the traverse 20 are a crosshead 23 for the Fork end 12 of the Y-threshold 1 and a crosshead 23 'arranged for the rod end 11 of the Y-threshold 1 and rotatably connected to the cross member 20. Each end of a crosshead 23, 23 'is fixedly connected to a vertically extending leg 22, 22', 22 ", 22 '". On the traverse 20 or the crosshead 23, one or more swords 25 may be attached, which allow a guide of the device 1 exactly vertical to a stack Y1, Y2 of Y-steel sleepers 1. In addition, the traverse 20 or a crosshead 23, 23 'or a leg 22, 22', 22 ", 22"'with a camera 24, 24' be equipped. Thus, an operator of the device 1 operate more targeted, usually not shown remote control for operating the device 1 can be used, unless the excavator driver operates from his seat and thereby marked with the camera on the on the rails S1 and S2 Threshold positions recorded.
A holding device H comprises at each of the legs a lower bolt A in plane A and an upper bolt B in plane B. The bolts are spaced apart by the amount of the distance of the stacked Y-sleepers 1, here in the stack Y1 or in the stack Y2 (Fig. 2) numbered I to VI. The bolts can be acted upon by drive and thus pulled back and forth and have an engagement position or a disengagement position (Fig. 5). The stacks Y1, Y2 with Y-sleepers are each strapped with two straps U1 and U2 and in addition the two stacks Y1 and Y2 are strapped with further straps U3 and U4 for a safe transport from the factory to the track construction site. These strappings can, unless this is done manually, generally cut by a cutting device, not shown, on the legs or traverse or, preferably when using plastic straps, be thermally capped.

Fig. 2 shows the device 2 in function for laying out Y-steel thresholds 1 on a gravel surface P on which already the rail S1 and S2 are ready.

5 now shows, in five steps, working with the device 2, of which only the legs 22 and 22 'can be seen, on a track construction site, after the strapping belts U1-U4 have been at least initially cut off from the stack Y1.

Step 1: For transport from a car to the track, the bolts A, B of the holding devices H are disengaged in two superimposed planes A and B of the legs 22, 22 ', 22 ", 22'"; they hold a stack of Y-thresholds 1, here numbered I, II, II, IV, etc. and lock Y-thresholds I and II from below.

• die Vorrichtung 2 mit dem Stapel Y1 mit Y-Schwellen auf das Schotterplanum P abgesenkt wird; die unterste Schwelle I steht dabei auf dem Schotter P auf;
• der Bolzen A in Ebene A wird eingerückt (Pfeil) ;
• der Bolzen B in Ebene B bleibt ausgerückt (Pfeil);
• der Stapel Y1 mit restlichen Schwellen II -VI wird angehoben.

Step 2: The first threshold I, is discontinued by:

• the device 2 with the stack Y1 with Y-thresholds is lowered onto the gravel surface P; the lowest threshold I stands on the gravel P;
• the bolt A in plane A is engaged (arrow);
• the bolt B in level B remains disengaged (arrow);
• the stack Y1 with residual threshold II -VI is raised.

Until a new stack of Y2 Y-sleepers is picked up again, the bolt A in level A is no longer moved.

Step 3: The device 2 was rotated 180 ° because of the geometry Y-threshold:

• die Vorrichtung 2 setzt mit den Schenkeln 22, 22' auf dem Schotter-Planum P auf;
• der Bolzen B der Ebene B wird eingerückt;
• der Stapel Y1 mit Y-Schwellen rutscht bis auf das Schotter-Planum P durch, dabei entsteht keine schlagartige Belastung der Vorrichtung 2, weil die Energie vom Schotterplanum P aufgefangen wird. Somit wird auch das Material der Vorrichtung 2 geschont.

Step 4: Setting the Next Threshold II:

• the device 2 sets with the legs 22, 22 'on the ballast Planum P;
• the B bolt B of the B level is engaged;
• the stack Y1 with Y-threshold slips through to the ballast planum P, there is no sudden loading of the device 2, because the energy is absorbed by the gravel planum P. Thus, the material of the device 2 is spared.

Step 5: The level B bolt B exits again, thus keeping the remaining Y-thresholds in the stack Y1.
The device 2 lifts off, turns 180 ° and restarts on gravel level P, and so on, until all the sleepers are set down.

• hierzu werden die Bolzen A, B der Ebenen A und B eingerückt;
• der Stapel Y3 Schwellen wird durch Absenken der Vorrichtung 2 über dem Stapel Y3 aufgenommen;
• dann rücken die Bolzen A, B der Ebene A und B wieder aus.
  Der Vorgang kann ab Schritt 1 erneut beginnen.

Step 6, not shown: Load a new stack Y3 (not shown) with thresholds:

• for this purpose, the bolts A, B of the planes A and B are indented;
• the stack Y3 sleepers is received by lowering the device 2 above the stack Y3;
• then the bolts A, B of plane A and B move out again.
  The process can start again from step 1.

Finally, FIG. 4 shows an alternative device 3 according to the invention, the basic construction of which corresponds to that of device 2 but has a different holding device.
A traverse with crosshead 33 of the device 3 is connected by means of coupling device 31 with the excavator, not shown.
About two pivot joints 36, the legs 32, 32 'pivotally connected to the crosshead. A drivable cylinder 35 can swing the legs 32, 32 'by the angle W inwardly by, for example, 15 °, but also outwards, via non-visible toggle levers, spread according to the arrow SP.
For receiving a stack Y-thresholds 1 - the bottom is denoted by I -, shown here with its fork side 12, the legs 32, 32 'are placed vertically, the device 3 is lowered over the stack and then the legs 32, 32' with the cylinder inwardly pivoted about the angle W and pressure D exerted until the lowest threshold I is clamped by the legs. The sleepers come with a plastic strip 34 of the legs in contact, which under the thresholds Additionally hold frictional engagement. The strip 34 is replaceable when worn.

The laying out of the thresholds described in Fig. 5 is carried out with this device 3 in a similar manner, but slip here the thresholds I, 1,1, etc., with a slight opening of the legs 32, 32 'by part of the angle W out and land on the Gravel planum P.

Claims (18)

Device for transporting Y-sleepers by means of a hoist, which is equipped with a rotatable by 180 ° load-receiving means for the Y-sleepers, characterized by a motor-movable traverse (20) with coupling means (21, 31) to the crane, at least one with the Traverse (20) non-rotatably connected crosshead (33, 23, 23 '), at least two spaced from each other and of the crosshead (23, 23', 33) vertically downwardly extending legs (22, 22 ', 22 ", 22"', 32, 32') for embracing at least the lowermost of a plurality of stacked Y-sleepers (1), which are connected to the crosshead (23, 23 ', 33) and one with the leg (22, 22', 22 ", 22"', 32, 32') connected holding means (H, 34, 35 for at least the lowest of the stacked Y-thresholds (1). Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that in addition a similar leg (22, 22 ', 22 ", 22"', 32, 32 ') is connected to one end of the crossmember (20). Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that with the crossmember (20) has two transverse main (23, 23 ', 33) are connected. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the holding device (H) of horizontally movable bolts (A, B) are formed. Apparatus according to claim 3, characterized in that each leg two holding device (H) with each other for two Y-sleepers (1) are arranged. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the bolts (A, B) are designed as electrically or hydraulically loadable telescopes. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the head of the movable bolt (A, B) is formed as a ball or roller. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the leg (32, 32 ') is pivotally connected to the crosshead (33) or the traverse and the holding device comprises a pivot drive (35) for the leg (32, 32') , Apparatus according to claim 8, characterized in that the leg (32, 32 ') at the Y-threshold (1,1) facing side with a non-slip elastic coating (34) is coated. Apparatus according to claim 9, characterized in that the covering (34) consists of rubber or plastic. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the device (2,3) is equipped or coupled with a remotely controllable drive (35). Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that between the traverse (20) and the crane, a rotary motor for a pivoting movement of the crossmember (20) is arranged by at least 180 °. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that arranged on the traverse of the rotary motor. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a leg (22, 22 ', 22 ", 22"', 32, 32 ') and / or the traverse (20) and / or a crosshead (33, 23, 23 ') is equipped with at least one stop (25) for aligning the device (2,3) relative to the Y-threshold (1, I -VI). Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the crossmember (20) is provided at at least one end with a camera (24, 24 '). Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a mechanical or thermally acting capping device for strapping bands (U1 - U4) is arranged on the device. Mobile crane or excavator, equipped with a device (2,3) according to one of the preceding claims. Crane or excavator according to claim 15, characterized by a hydraulic drive which can be coupled to the device (2, 3).

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