DE202005010651U1 - Y-shaped railway sleepers for holding rails on railway track are laid on ballast pointing alternately in opposite directions and are transported to site on frame with transverse beams moved by motors - Google Patents

Abstract

Each railway sleeper (1) has two gently-curved S-shaped crossbeams (10'), parallel and close together at the bottom of the Y-shape and parallel and far apart at the top. The crossbeams have an I-shaped cross-section with chamfered ends and are connected together by angle-irons (13,14) under the rails (S1,S2). Spring clips (15) connect the rails to the two adjacent ends of the steel crossbeams and to the far-apart ends and short auxiliary sleepers (16). The sleepers may be stacked on top of each other.

Description

The The invention relates to a device for transporting Y-sleepers by means of a crane equipped with a 180 ° rotating load handling device for the Y-sleepers is equipped as well as an excavator or crane with such a device.

Y-sleepers, Y-steel sleepers in particular are becoming increasingly popular both for gravel tracks as well as on firm pavement. When used on ballast beds will saved considerable material (Lichtberger, Handbook Gleis, Tetzlaff-Verlag Hamburg, 2004, pages 158-160).

Leader and others have in the manual "Y-Stahlschwellenoberbau", Hestra-Verlag Darmstadt 1994, pages 73-78 shown a laying technique for Y-steel sleepers, when using a commercial Excavator or crane from a stack of single sleepers by means of a hanger or a magnetic device recorded and the intended threshold distance each at 180 ° to each other rotated, can be stored on the gravel planum. These Rotation is required as shown in the pictures due to the Type of Y-threshold. A laying directly out of a pile or an automatable laying device except as part of a larger track renewal train are not known yet.

From Therefore, the invention is based on the problem, an automatable Device for the targeted laying out of Y-sleepers, in particular of sleepers stacked during transport, to propose.

The Problem is solved by the invention the features of the claims 1 and 17. Further developments of the invention are described in the dependent claims.

The solution includes a device for laying out Y-thresholds of one Dolly in target position on a track bed by means of a crane, the with a rotatable by 180 ° Load handling device for the sleepers is equipped with a motorized traverse with coupling device to the crane, at least one with the traverse rotatably connected crosshead, at least two spaced from each other and from the crosshead vertically downwardly extending legs for a Embrace at least the bottom of a plurality stacked on each other Y-sleepers, which are connected to the crosshead and one with the Leg connected holding device for at least the lowest of the stacked sleepers. A more advanced solution includes an excavator or Crane equipped with such a device.

Even though Y-sleepers are made of different materials can, are considered below to illustrate the invention only Y-steel sleepers.

The Y-steel sleeper consists of four parts, sections of wide flange, from which two long parts S-shaped bent and two opposite curved Wide flange beams be assembled to a fork. At the fork end are parallel to it two short wide flange beams positioned. Both on the rod-shaped End of the threshold at which the two curved wide-flange beams come together, as well as the fork end, the carriers are interconnected by cross bar connected, so that at each Y-steel sleeper three double bearing and three rail attachment points. The ends of the wide flange are beveled. crossbars and wide flange beams are welded together.

In Direction track axis are then each a fork end and below positioned a rod end, which results in the need to every second Y-steel sleeper offset by 180 ° from the previous one to arrange on the track bed.

such Y-sleepers are usually delivered with the fasteners in pre-assembly, wherein six or more thresholds stacked in the same direction and through Umgreifungsbänder be held in their position.

The solution sees a cruciform Arrangement of a traverse with a crosshead before, wherein at least from the crosshead vertically downwardly extending legs are provided, which grab from a stack at least the lowest threshold or can fix.

If the crosshead is designed so that the legs at the end of the fork parallel main and secondary beams could capture another leg at the other end of the traverse the rod-shaped end or embrace the two S-shaped main carrier.

in the As a rule, however, it is provided that the traverse with two cross heads is connected with two legs, the legs on the a crosshead the rod-shaped Embrace the end of the Y-sill sideways, while the other two thighs laterally engage around the fork end of the Y-threshold on the second crosshead. The legs on the crossbar or the crossbar on the crosshead can be arranged slidably, for example, when the device for thresholds for tracks wider and narrower gauge is interpreted.

In One embodiment of the invention is the threshold holding device on the thigh so that they are in the lower part of the leg arranged, consists of horizontally movable bolt, being according to a Another variant of the invention on each leg two holding devices for two with each other or one above the other arranged thresholds of a threshold stack are determined. Thereby the threshold is held from each side, preferably by means of two bolts on two legs.

The Bolts can be extended and then attack the thresholds or lie at the bottom of a threshold. Preferably, the threshold sole or a flange rests on the extended bolt. If the Bolt retracted, therefore, the threshold is released and no longer held. With two bolts arranged one above the other would in a stack only the lower threshold to be released while the overlying Threshold of the second pin of the holding device in position is held. The bolts can designed as electrically or hydraulically loadable telescopes be, for example, like a normal hydraulic cylinder.

Preferably be in accordance with a Variant of the invention, the movable bolt on her head as a ball or roller is formed so that upon retraction of the bolt due to wear Friction between the threshold and bolt is minimized.

In one in principle from the previously described holding device diverging embodiment the invention is provided that the at the crosshead or the Traverse arranged and pivotally connected to this leg are formed to the crosshead or to Traverse and the holding device a rotary actuator for includes the leg, the leg relative to the crosshead or to Traverse by a predetermined angular amount in the range of 5 preferably up to 30 ° about 15 ° or less pivoting. In this construction, the legs should on the side facing the threshold with a non-slip elastic Coating be coated so that when pivoting the thighs this at the edges z. B. the Breitflanschträger, from which the threshold is composed, no damage is experienced, however, on the other hand, sleepers are trapped between the thighs can be as soon as the pivot drive of the holding device has a corresponding Swing angle exceeded Has. The covering is preferably made of plastic, preferably an elastomer or rubber, which the required non-slip and has elastic properties.

Instead of the inclusion of a stack by the previously described form of Device in which the holding device in the form of movable Bolt below the lowest threshold attacks, in this embodiment the pivot drive is set in operation to spread the legs slightly outwards, so enlarge the leg distance at their tips and then after grasping one or two on top of each other arranged threshold stack, the legs pivoted back, so that the ends of the Thighs closer come together, as the crosshead or the Traverse. The rotary actuator is left in function until the legs or their non-slip Cover at the lowest threshold is applied and a certain hydraulic pressure or a certain power consumption is recorded, so that the operator sure is that the thighs when lifting the threshold packages with the device does not leave its target position and the thresholds to be raised with. This monitoring the electric drive or hydraulic drive can also be automatic by appropriate rule or Load limiting devices happen.

In further execution The invention can now be a single threshold or even a threshold stack, which was raised by the device with the help of an intermediate Traverse and crane arranged rotary motor by a pivoting movement the traverse rotated 180 ° and then alternately set a threshold and the next in Track direction, rotated 180 ° to the stored threshold, to position.

In order to It is ensured that the threshold stacks or individual thresholds always be recorded in the same position is according to a another embodiment the invention to provide a stop, the threshold of a contacted predetermined location and so an orientation of the device allowed relative to the threshold. Such a stop could, for example be designed as a vertical sword, the sword itself the traverse or is arranged on the crosshead and vertically in the threshold stack is retracted when applying the device for receiving the threshold stack. However, it can also be provided become stops to arrange directly on the thighs.

to Accurate positioning of sleepers on track bed is in one embodiment the invention provided that at least at one end of the traverse a camera to monitor the Threshold position is appropriate. If necessary, a second Camera at the other end of the truss or e.g. a crosshead can be arranged.

The device according to the invention can according to the invention at the site on a trade usual crane or excavator, preferably a already equipped with hydraulic drive mobile excavator are attached. This saves investment costs when equipping the often available excavator with it. Rarely, however, could such a crane as a special crane equipped with a device according to the invention, all drives and parts of the device with a remote control, for example, for rotary motor, swinging the legs, moving the camera, extending or retracting the bolts of the holding device, are operable. On the other hand, the device can be used simply as an attachment to an excavator available on every construction site. In this case, the pivot drive is preferably mounted as part of the traverse and in turn can be coupled with correspondingly remotely controlled electric or hydraulic drives and controls of the excavator and thus remotely controlled by the excavator driver from his seat. Alternatively, the excavator or crane may be equipped with a separate pivot drive coupled between the traverse and the excavator.

Based a schematic drawing, the invention will be explained in more detail and their purpose and other benefits are described.

It demonstrate:

1a Y-steel sleeper in side view;

1b Y-steel sleeper in plan view;

1c Y-steel sleepers aligned on a gravel surface;

2 Device according to the invention with a holding device in side view with two stacks Y-thresholds;

3 Device according to 2 in plan view;

4 Inventive device with alternative holding device in front view with a stack of Y-steel sleepers;

5 Device in use when laying Y-steel sleepers.

In In the following description, identical components are identical Provided with reference numerals.

1a shows a Y-steel sleeper 1 in side view and in 1b in plan view. The threshold is made up of two curved main girders 10 . 10 ' and two straight short subcarriers 16 . 16 ' composed of broad flange beams. These beams are through lower crossbars 13 . 14 as well as upper latches 15 for rail seat fixation welded together and thus firmly connected. The Y-steel sleeper has a bar end 11 and a fork end 12 ,

For use in a track on ballast bed according to 1c become the Y-steel sleepers 1 alternately with the fork end 12 and then with the bar end 11 aligned one behind the other for attaching the rails S1 and S2. The rails S1 and S2 have on their surface a mark for the position of the thresholds 1 on.

2 and 3 show a first embodiment of a device according to the invention 2 for transporting and laying out the Y-sleepers 1 on the gravel surface P of a track.

The device 2 has a crossbar 20 on, by means of coupling device 21 is connected to a hydraulic excavator, not shown. This device may, for example, as a rotary motor for pivoting the device 2 be designed around a vertical axis with input and output shaft. Cross to the crossbeam 20 are a crosshead 23 for the fork end 12 the Y threshold 1 and a crosshead 23 ' for the bar end 11 the Y threshold 1 arranged and with the traverse 20 rotatably connected. Each end of a crosshead 23 . 23 ' is with a vertically extending leg 22 . 22 ' . 22 " . 22 ''' firmly connected. At the Traverse 20 or the crosshead 23 can use one or more swords 25 be attached, which is a guide of the device 1 exactly vertical to a stack Y1, Y2 of Y-steel sleepers 1 allow. In addition, the Traverse 20 or a crosshead 23 . 23 ' or a thigh 22 . 22 ' . 22 " . 22 ''' with a camera 24 . 24 ' be equipped. This allows an operator of the device 1 operate more targeted, usually a not shown remote control for operating the device 1 can be used, unless the excavator operator operates from his seat and thereby detected with the camera on the marked on the rails S1 and S2 threshold positions.

A holding device H comprises on each of the legs a lower bolt A in plane A and an upper bolt B in plane B. The bolts are spaced from each other by the amount of the distance of the stacked Y-sills 1 , here in the stack Y1 or in the stack Y2 ( 2 ) with I to VI numbered. The bolts can be acted upon by drive and thus pulled back and forth and have an engagement position or a disengagement position ( 5 ). The stacks Y1, Y2 with Y-sleepers are each strapped with two straps U1 and U2 and in addition the two stacks Y1 and Y2 are strapped with further straps U3 and U4 for a safe transport from the factory to the track construction site. These strapping can, unless this is done manually, by a Schneideinrich, not shown tion on the legs or traverse generally cut or thermally capped, preferably when using plastic straps.

2 shows the device 2 in function for laying out Y-steel sleepers 1 on a gravel plan P on which already the rails S1 and S2 are ready.

5 now shows working with the device in five steps 2 , of which only the thighs 22 respectively. 22 ' can be seen on a track construction site, after the strapping U1 - U4 were at least initially cut from stack Y1.

Step 1: For transport from a car to the track, the bolts A, B of the holding devices H are placed in two superimposed planes A and B of the legs 22 . 22 ' . 22 " . 22 ''' disengaged; they hold a stack of Y-thresholds 1 , here numbered I, II, II, IV, etc. and lock the Y-thresholds I and II from below.

• – die Vorrichtung 2 mit dem Stapel Y1 mit Y-Schwellen auf das Schotterplanum P abgesenkt wird; die unterste Schwelle I steht dabei auf dem Schotter P auf;
• – der Bolzen A in Ebene A wird eingerückt (Pfeil);
• – der Bolzen B in Ebene B bleibt ausgerückt (Pfeil);
• – der Stapel Y1 mit restlichen Schwellen II–VI wird angehoben.

Step 2: The first threshold I, is discontinued by:

• - the device 2 is lowered to the gravel plan P with the stack Y1 with Y-thresholds; the lowest threshold I stands on the gravel P;
• - the bolt A in plane A is engaged (arrow);
• - the bolt B in level B remains disengaged (arrow);
• - The stack Y1 with remaining threshold II-VI is raised.

To to pick up a new stack Y2 Y-thresholds again the bolt A is no longer moving in plane A.

Step 3: The device 2 was rotated 180 ° because of the geometry Y-threshold:

• – die Vorrichtung 2 setzt mit den Schenkeln 22, 22' auf dem Schotter-Planum P auf;
• – der Bolzen B der Ebene B wird eingerückt;
• – der Stapel Y1 mit Y-Schwellen rutscht bis auf das Schotter-Planum P durch, dabei entsteht keine schlagartige Belastung der Vorrichtung 2, weil die Energie vom Schotterplanum P aufgefangen wird. Somit wird auch das Material der Vorrichtung 2 geschont.

Step 4: Setting the Next Threshold II:

• - the device 2 puts with the thighs 22 . 22 ' on the gravel planum P;
• The bolt B of the plane B is engaged;
• - The stack Y1 with Y-threshold slips through to the ballast Planum P, thereby creating no sudden load on the device 2 because the energy is absorbed by the gravel planum P. Thus, also the material of the device 2 spared.

step 5: The B bolt B of level B moves again off and stops thus the remaining Y-thresholds in the stack Y1.

The device 2 takes off, turns 180 ° and restarts on gravel level P, and so on, until all thresholds have been removed.

• – hierzu werden die Bolzen A, B der Ebenen A und B eingerückt;
• – der Stapel Y3 Schwellen wird durch Absenken der Vorrichtung 2 über dem Stapel Y3 aufgenommen;
• – dann rücken die Bolzen A, B der Ebene A und B wieder aus.

Step 6, not shown: Load a new stack Y3 (not shown) with thresholds:

• - For this purpose, the bolts A, B of the levels A and B are engaged;
• - The stack Y3 thresholds by lowering the device 2 taken over the stack Y3;
• - then move back the bolts A, B level A and B again.

The process can start from step 1 start again.

4 Finally, an alternative device according to the invention 3 whose basic construction is that of device 2 corresponds, but has a different holding device.

A crossbeam with crosshead 33 the device 3 is by means of coupling device 31 connected to the excavator, not shown.

About two pivot joints 36 are the thighs 32 . 32 ' pivotally connected to the crosshead. A drivable cylinder 35 can not be visible toggle the thighs 32 . 32 ' by the angle W inward, for example, 15 °, but also swing outward, spread according to arrow SP.

To pick up a stack of Y-sleepers 1 - the bottom one is called I -, here with her fork side 12 shown are the thighs 32 . 32 ' placed vertically, the device 3 lowered over the stack and then the legs 32 . 32 ' with the cylinder inwardly pivoted about the angle W and as long as pressure D exerted until the lowest threshold I is clamped by the legs. The sleepers come with a plastic strip 34 the legs in contact, which additionally hold the thresholds under frictional engagement. The bar 34 is replaceable when worn.

This in 5 described laying out of the thresholds is done with this device 3 similarly, however, the thresholds I slip here, 1 . 1 etc. with slight opening of the legs 32 . 32 ' around a part of the angle W and land on the gravel planum P.

Claims (18)

Device for transporting Y-sleepers by means of a hoist equipped with a load-bearing device for the Y-sleepers which can be rotated through 180 °, characterized by a motor-driven traverse ( 20 ) with coupling device ( 21 . 31 ) to the crane, at least one with the crossbeam ( 20 ) rotatably connected crosshead ( 33 . 23 . 23 ' ), at least two spaced from each other and from the crosshead ( 23 . 23 ' . 33 ) down vertically extending legs ( 22 . 22 ' . 22 " . 22 '''; 32 . 32 ' ) for encompassing at least the lowest of a plurality of stacked Y-thresholds ( 1 ), with the crosshead ( 23 . 23 ' . 33 ) and one with the leg ( 22 . 22 ' . 22 " . 22 ''' . 32 . 32 ' ) holding means (H, 34 . 35 for at least the lowest of the stacked Y-thresholds ( 1 ). Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that in addition a similar leg ( 22 . 22 ' . 22 " . 22 ''' . 32 . 32 ' ) with one end of the crossbar ( 20 ) connected is. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that with the traverse ( 20 ) two cross-heads ( 23 . 23 ' . 33 ) are connected. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized characterized in that the holding device (H) from in horizontal Direction movable pins (A, B) are formed. Apparatus according to claim 3, characterized in that each leg two holding device (H) with each other for two Y-thresholds ( 1 ) are arranged. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized characterized in that the bolts (A, B) as electrically or hydraulically acted upon telescopes are formed. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized characterized in that the head of the movable bolt (A, B) as a ball or roller is formed. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the leg ( 32 . 32 ' ) pivotally with the crosshead ( 33 ) or the traverse is connected and the holding device is a pivoting drive ( 35 ) for the thigh ( 32 . 32 ' ). Device according to claim 8, characterized in that the leg ( 32 . 32 ' ) at the Y-threshold (I, 1 ) facing side with a non-slip, elastic coating ( 34 ) is coated. Device according to claim 9, characterized in that the lining ( 34 ) made of rubber or plastic. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the device ( 2 . 3 ) with a remotely controllable drive ( 35 ) is equipped or coupled. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that between the traverse ( 20 ) and the crane a rotary motor for a pivoting movement of the traverse ( 20 ) is arranged at least 180 °. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the rotary motor is arranged on the traverse. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a leg ( 22 . 22 ' . 22 " . 22 ''' . 32 . 32 ' ) and / or the traverse ( 20 ) and / or a crosshead ( 33 . 23 . 23 ' ) with at least one stop ( 25 ) for aligning the device ( 2 . 3 ) relative to the Y threshold ( 1 , I-VI). Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the traverse ( 20 ) at least one end with a camera ( 24 . 24 ' ) is provided. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized characterized in that on the device is a mechanical or thermal acting capping device for Strapping (U1 - U4) is arranged. Mobile crane or excavator equipped with a device ( 2 . 3 ) according to any one of the preceding claims. Crane or excavator according to claim 15, characterized by a hydraulic drive connected to the device ( 2 . 3 ) can be coupled.