EP1706667A1 - Method and device for removing water from a steam plant - Google Patents

Method and device for removing water from a steam plant

Info

Publication number
EP1706667A1
EP1706667A1 EP04787068A EP04787068A EP1706667A1 EP 1706667 A1 EP1706667 A1 EP 1706667A1 EP 04787068 A EP04787068 A EP 04787068A EP 04787068 A EP04787068 A EP 04787068A EP 1706667 A1 EP1706667 A1 EP 1706667A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
water
steam
separated
power plant
separation
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP04787068A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1706667B1 (en
Inventor
Rainer Wulff
Michael SCHÖTTLER
Anja Wallmann
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Siemens AG
Original Assignee
Siemens AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siemens AG filed Critical Siemens AG
Priority to EP04787068.8A priority Critical patent/EP1706667B1/en
Priority to PL04787068T priority patent/PL1706667T3/en
Publication of EP1706667A1 publication Critical patent/EP1706667A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1706667B1 publication Critical patent/EP1706667B1/en
Not-in-force legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22—STEAM GENERATION
    • F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
    • F22B37/00—Component parts or details of steam boilers
    • F22B37/02—Component parts or details of steam boilers applicable to more than one kind or type of steam boiler
    • F22B37/48—Devices for removing water, salt, or sludge from boilers; Arrangements of cleaning apparatus in boilers; Combinations thereof with boilers
    • F22B37/486—Devices for removing water, salt, or sludge from boilers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
    • F01K23/00—Plants characterised by more than one engine delivering power external to the plant, the engines being driven by different fluids
    • F01K23/02—Plants characterised by more than one engine delivering power external to the plant, the engines being driven by different fluids the engine cycles being thermally coupled
    • F01K23/06—Plants characterised by more than one engine delivering power external to the plant, the engines being driven by different fluids the engine cycles being thermally coupled combustion heat from one cycle heating the fluid in another cycle
    • F01K23/10—Plants characterised by more than one engine delivering power external to the plant, the engines being driven by different fluids the engine cycles being thermally coupled combustion heat from one cycle heating the fluid in another cycle with exhaust fluid of one cycle heating the fluid in another cycle
    • F01K23/106—Plants characterised by more than one engine delivering power external to the plant, the engines being driven by different fluids the engine cycles being thermally coupled combustion heat from one cycle heating the fluid in another cycle with exhaust fluid of one cycle heating the fluid in another cycle with water evaporated or preheated at different pressures in exhaust boiler
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22—STEAM GENERATION
    • F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
    • F22B37/00—Component parts or details of steam boilers
    • F22B37/02—Component parts or details of steam boilers applicable to more than one kind or type of steam boiler
    • F22B37/48—Devices for removing water, salt, or sludge from boilers; Arrangements of cleaning apparatus in boilers; Combinations thereof with boilers
    • F22B37/50—Devices for removing water, salt, or sludge from boilers; Arrangements of cleaning apparatus in boilers; Combinations thereof with boilers for draining or expelling water
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22—STEAM GENERATION
    • F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
    • F22B37/00—Component parts or details of steam boilers
    • F22B37/02—Component parts or details of steam boilers applicable to more than one kind or type of steam boiler
    • F22B37/48—Devices for removing water, salt, or sludge from boilers; Arrangements of cleaning apparatus in boilers; Combinations thereof with boilers
    • F22B37/54—De-sludging or blow-down devices

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method and a device for dewatering in a steam power plant.
  • the present invention further relates to a steam power plant.
  • Such a steam power plant usually contains one or more steam drums with associated evaporators, with which, in particular at different pressure levels, steam is generated, which can be fed to a steam turbine.
  • Contaminations in the water-steam circuit of the steam power plant must be removed.
  • a concentration of impurities arises in the steam drum. Due to the removal of saturated steam from the steam drum remain non-volatile substances in the steam drum. These non-volatile substances are removed from the circulation by leaching.
  • effluents and steam through drainages which contain no impurities, but still largely discarded and not used.
  • the replenished deionate has high levels of oxygen and carbon dioxide, which require degassing of the deionate, thereby extending the startup time of the steam raft. Furthermore, costs are incurred and the environment is burdened.
  • the invention has for its object to enable a technically effective way of dewatering in a steam power plant, the burden on the environment should be low. In particular, no contaminated water should be released and it should be handled sparingly with the water.
  • This object is achieved according to the invention with a method and a device for dewatering in a steam power plant, wherein according to a degree of contamination of a number of partial amounts of water a separate collection of the respective partial amounts of water is performed.
  • the object is likewise achieved with a steam power plant which has a device according to the invention.
  • the possibility is advantageously created to significantly reduce the waste water accumulation. As a result, environmental requirements are more easily met. In addition, less deionate must be refilled.
  • the method and apparatus of the present invention is applicable to both steam and steam-driven steam generators (e.g., a forced-circulation boiler).
  • a steam power plant without a steam drum only the sludge and / or a subsequent cleaning is eliminated.
  • the advantage of the invention lies in particular in relation to an introduction of the drains directly into a condenser in that the condenser does not have to be used for receiving water or steam when the steam power plant is at a standstill. At standstill, particularly large quantities of stationkondensat, which are fed into the water * steam cycle.
  • At least one steam drum is taken off an amount of water (eg drum slurry) and fed to a " water treatment.” This can be used to clean a water-steam cycle of the steam power plant and to feed in the recovered, clean water.
  • At least one superheater and / or one steam line a further amount of the water (for example, drainage condensate or steam) is removed and fed to a storage tank. It is thus ensured that even in these components accrued water, not from the
  • Turbine can be processed, recycled into the circuit.
  • This additional amount of water can be supplied to the water-steam cycle of Dampfkraftanläge without prior water treatment, so that the accumulation of wastewater can be kept small.
  • the water removed from the steam drum is subjected to a first water-steam separation and the separated and concentrated water is fed to the water treatment.
  • the separated clean steam and the further amount of water taken from the at least one superheater and / or the steam line is fed to a second water-steam separation. This can minimize the amount of water that needs to be cleaned.
  • the water separated during the first or second water-steam separation is supplied to the storage container.
  • This water is clean and does not have to go on be recycled to be re-injected into the water-steam cycle.
  • the steam separated in the first or second water-vapor separation is fed to a condenser.
  • a return of the steam is given in a simple way in the water-steam cycle.
  • the water contained in the storage tank is kept isolated from the ambient air.
  • Fig. 1 shows a first embodiment of a dewatering device according to the invention a steam power plant with a steam drum and
  • Fig. 2 shows a second embodiment of the invention EntskyssVorraum the Dampfkraftanläge with three steam drums, which have different pressure levels.
  • FIG. 1 shows a first embodiment of a dewatering device 1 according to the invention, which is part of a steam power plant 2 for generating electricity.
  • the dewatering apparatus 1 is sealed from the atmosphere to prevent air leakage into the water-steam cycle of the To prevent steam power plant 2.
  • various components of Dampfkraftanläge 2 are connected by means of lines for the transmission of water or steam. Dashed lines indicate dirty water lines, dashed lines indicate clean water lines and solid lines clean steam lines.
  • the steam power plant 2 contains one or more steam turbines 3, whose steam is supplied via a superheater.
  • FIG. 1 shows a combination of the superheater and an evaporator with the reference numeral 4.
  • the drainage device 1 contains a tank, which is designed as a separator tank 5 for water-steam separation. An input of the separator tank 5 is connected via a line to an outlet of the evaporator / superheater combination 4. Via this line, a first partial amount of water is drained from the superheater contaminated water into the separator 5 and relaxed to further concentrate the Abschlimmernwasser and separate clean water in the form of vapor from the contaminated water.
  • the separated in the separator 5 contaminated and further concentrated water is conveyed via a line in a recycling tank in the form of a Atoschlämmtanks 21, and processed in a cleaning system or water treatment 6.
  • the treated water can be supplied to a condenser 7 of the steam power plant 2 for further utilization.
  • the steam separated in the separator tank 5 contains no impurities and is introduced into a tank.
  • the tank 8 is a flash tank and condensing tank, which is connected to the evaporator / superheater Kobination 4 and is introduced into the drained from the superheater, clean water as a second partial amount of water-
  • the tank 8 is compared with a so-called cushion steam to slight overpressure held the environment so that air or carbon dioxide is not registered in the water in the tank 8.
  • In the tank 8 also takes place a water-steam separation, wherein the Separated water is fed to a tank 9, which serves as a condensate storage tank.
  • the separated steam is fed to the condenser 7 via a suitable conduit.
  • the dewatering device 1 further comprises a tank 10, whose inlet is connected via a drainage line to a steam line 11 for supplying steam to the steam turbine 3.
  • This steam line 11 can thereby be dewatered in particular when starting and stopping the steam power plant 2 by the amount of water discharged during the dewatering as a third part of the water quantity is fed to the tank 10.
  • the water occurring during this drainage is clean.
  • the tank 10 is a flash tank and condensing tank in which a water-steam separation takes place.
  • the separated, clean water is supplied to the tank 9 and the separated, clean steam to the condenser 7.
  • the water condensate supplied to the tank 9 is cached under exclusion of air, in particular with the aid of auxiliary steam, and fed back to the water-steam cycle, if necessary, by being fed into the condenser 7.
  • the introduced from the tanks 8 and 10 in the condenser 7 steam is condensed in the operation of the steam power plant 2 in the condenser 7.
  • the connecting lines from the tank 8 and from the tank 10 to the condenser 7 are closed and the steam is cooled by a cooling water system of the steam power plant 2, condensed and the condensate fed to the tank 9.
  • the water in the condenser 7 is pumped via a hotwell into the steam drum of the steam drum / superheater combination 4, and the steam generated is then fed via the superheater to the steam drum / superheater combination 4 of the steam turbine 3.
  • the second tank 8 has been used to receive water from the steam drum / Mathhi zerKombination 4.
  • the tank 10 was used to receive water from the steam line 11. It is also possible to supply both the water from the steam drum / superheater combination 4 and the water from the steam line 11 to a common tank in which a water-steam separation can then be carried out.
  • the dewatering device 1 is part of the steam power plant 2, which here has three steam drums which have different pressure levels.
  • the steam power plant 2 here includes a high pressure (HD) steam drum 12 having an HD pressure level, a medium pressure (MD) steam drum 13 having an MD pressure level lower than the HD pressure level, and a depression (ND).
  • Print drum 14 with a ND pressure level that is lower than the MD pressure level.
  • Each of the three steam drums 12, 13, 14 is connected to the separator tank 5 for discharging polluted water discharged therefrom.
  • the contaminated water separated in the separator tank 5 is supplied to a slurry tank 21 for storing the contaminated water.
  • This sludge tank 21 can also be supplied with other contaminated liquids.
  • the cleaning system 6 receives from the Abschlämmtank 21 contaminated liquid, which is processed in the cleaning system 6.
  • the treated water can then be fed to the capacitor 7.
  • the separator tank 5 is also connected to a raw water tank 22 on the output side.
  • the three superheaters 15, 16, 17 are respectively connected to the tank 8 for introducing clean water or vapor occurring during their drainage.
  • the three steam lines 18, 19, 20, in turn, are each connected to the tank 10 for introducing clean water or steam occurring during their drainage.
  • the basic structure and the principle of operation of the dewatering apparatus 1 according to this second embodiment correspond to those of the first embodiment according to FIG. 1.
  • the structure and operation of the separator tank 5, the tank 8, the tank 9, the fourth tanks 10, and the cleaning system 6, and the structure of the connecting lines between these components and the other components of the steam power plant 2 correspond to those of the first embodiment according to FIG. 1.
  • the structure and operation of the separator tank 5, the tank 8, the tank 9, the fourth tanks 10, and the cleaning system 6, and the structure of the connecting lines between these components and the other components of the steam power plant 2 the structure and the operation, as described above with reference to the first embodiment.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Heat Treatment Of Water, Waste Water Or Sewage (AREA)
  • Apparatuses For Bulk Treatment Of Fruits And Vegetables And Apparatuses For Preparing Feeds (AREA)
  • Degasification And Air Bubble Elimination (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a method and device (1) for removing water from a steam plant (2) and to a steam plant (2) with which, according to the degree of impurity of a number of partial volumes of water, a separate collection of the relevant partial water volumes is carried out.

Description

Beschreibung description
Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Entwässerung bei einer Dampf- kraftanlageMethod and device for dewatering in a steam power plant
Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren und eine Vorrichtung zur Entwässerung bei einer Dampfkraftanlage. Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft weiterhin eine Dampfkraftanlage.The present invention relates to a method and a device for dewatering in a steam power plant. The present invention further relates to a steam power plant.
Eine solche Dampfkraftanlage enthält üblicherweise eine oder mehrere Dampftrommeln mit zugehörigen Verdampfern, mit denen, insbesondere in unterschiedlichen Druckniveaus, Dampf erzeugt wird, der einer Dampfturbine zugeführt werden kann. Verunrei- nigungen im Wasser-Dampf-Kreislauf der Dampfkraftanlage müssen entfernt werden. Eine Aufkonzentration der Verunreinigungen entsteht in der Dampftrommel. Aufgrund der Entnahme von Sattdampf aus der Dampftrommel verbleiben nicht-flüchtige Substanzen in der Dampftrommel. Diese nicht-flüchtigen Sub- stanzen werden durch Abschlämmen aus dem Kreislauf entfernt. Weiterhin fallen insbesondere während des An- und Abfahrens der Dampfkraftanlage im Wasser-Dampfkreislauf Abwässer und Dampf durch Entwässerungen an, die zwar keine Verunreinigungen enthalten, aber dennoch weitestgehend verworfen und nicht weiter genutzt werden. Dabei gehen dem Kreislauf Wasser verloren, das durch Zusatzwasser, sogenanntes Deionat, wieder zugeführt werden muss. Das nachgespeiste Deionat hat hohe Sauerstoff- und Kohlendioxidgehalte, die eine Entgasung des Deionates erfordern, wodurch die Anfahrzeit der Dampf raftan- läge verlängert wird. Des Weiteren entstehen Kosten und die Umwelt wird belastet.Such a steam power plant usually contains one or more steam drums with associated evaporators, with which, in particular at different pressure levels, steam is generated, which can be fed to a steam turbine. Contaminations in the water-steam circuit of the steam power plant must be removed. A concentration of impurities arises in the steam drum. Due to the removal of saturated steam from the steam drum remain non-volatile substances in the steam drum. These non-volatile substances are removed from the circulation by leaching. Furthermore fall in particular during the arrival and departure of the steam power plant in the water-steam cycle effluents and steam through drainages, which contain no impurities, but still largely discarded and not used. In doing so, water is lost to the cycle, which must be re-supplied by adding water, so-called deionized water. The replenished deionate has high levels of oxygen and carbon dioxide, which require degassing of the deionate, thereby extending the startup time of the steam raft. Furthermore, costs are incurred and the environment is burdened.
Es ist bekannt, dass bei der Dampftrommel eines einzelnen Druckniveaus das abgeschlämmte Wasser in einem Abscheiderbe- hälter entspannt und Wasser und Dampf voneinander getrennt werden. Der abgetrennte Dampf wird anschließend bei niedrigem Druck in einen Sammeltank zur Entgasung und zur Aufwärmung von darin enthaltenem Wasser weiter geleitet. Das abgetrennte, verunreinigte Wasser wird in einer Wasseraufbereitungsanlage behandelt und anschließend dem Wasser-Dampfkreislauf wieder zugeführt. Es ist weiterhin bekannt, dass Entwässerun- gen aus Dampfleitungen direkt oder über Abscheiderflaschen dem Turbinenkondensator zugeführt werden.It is known that in the steam drum of a single pressure level, the slurried water is expanded in a separator tank and water and steam are separated from each other. The separated steam is then at low pressure in a collection tank for degassing and for heating passed on by contained water. The separated, contaminated water is treated in a water treatment plant and then fed back to the water-steam cycle. It is also known that dewatering from steam lines are fed directly or via separator bottles to the turbine condenser.
Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, auf technisch effektive Weise ein Entwässern bei einer Dampfkraftanlage zu ermöglichen, wobei die Belastung der Umwelt gering sein soll. Insbesondere soll kein verunreinigtes Wasser abgegeben und es soll sparsam mit dem Wasser umgegangen werden.The invention has for its object to enable a technically effective way of dewatering in a steam power plant, the burden on the environment should be low. In particular, no contaminated water should be released and it should be handled sparingly with the water.
Diese Aufgabe ist erfindungsgemäß mit einem Verfahren und ei- ner Vorrichtung zur Entwässerung bei einer Dampfkraftanlage gelöst, wobei entsprechend einem Grad an Verunreinigung einer Anzahl an Teilwassermengen eine getrennte Sammlung der betreffenden Teilwassermengen durchgeführt wird. Die Aufgabe ist ebenfalls mit einer Dampfkraftanlage gelöst, die eine er- findungsgemäße Vorrichtung aufweist. Gemäß der vorliegenden Erfindung wird vorteilhafterweise die Möglichkeit geschaffen, den Abwasseranfall deutlich zu reduzieren. Dadurch werden Umweltauflagen leichter erfüllt. Außerdem muss weniger Deionat nachgefüllt werden.This object is achieved according to the invention with a method and a device for dewatering in a steam power plant, wherein according to a degree of contamination of a number of partial amounts of water a separate collection of the respective partial amounts of water is performed. The object is likewise achieved with a steam power plant which has a device according to the invention. According to the present invention, the possibility is advantageously created to significantly reduce the waste water accumulation. As a result, environmental requirements are more easily met. In addition, less deionate must be refilled.
Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren und die zugehörige Vorrichtung ist sowohl für Dampfkraftanlagen mit als auch ohne Dampftrommel (z.B. einem Zwangsdurchlaufkessel) anwendbar. Bei einer Dampfkraftanlage ohne Dampftrommel entfällt lediglich die Ab- schlämmung und/oder eine nachfolgende Reinigung.The method and apparatus of the present invention is applicable to both steam and steam-driven steam generators (e.g., a forced-circulation boiler). In a steam power plant without a steam drum, only the sludge and / or a subsequent cleaning is eliminated.
Der Vorteil der Erfindung liegt insbesondere gegenüber einer Einleitung der Entwässerungen direkt in einen Kondensator darin, dass der Kondensator bei Stillstand der Dampfkraftan- läge nicht zur Aufnahme von Wasser oder Dampf genutzt werden muss. Bei Stillstand fallen besonders große Mengen an Entwäs- serungskondensat an, die in den Wasser*—Dampf-Kreislauf geführt werden.The advantage of the invention lies in particular in relation to an introduction of the drains directly into a condenser in that the condenser does not have to be used for receiving water or steam when the steam power plant is at a standstill. At standstill, particularly large quantities of serungkondensat, which are fed into the water * steam cycle.
Bei einer vorteilhaften Weiterbildung der Erfindung wird mindestens einer Dampftrommel eine Menge an Wasser (z.B. Trommel-Abschlämmung) entnommen und einer "Wasseraufbereitung zugeführt. Dadurch kann eine Reinigung eines Wasser-Dampf- Kreislaufes der Dampfkraftanlage und eine Einspeisung des wiedergewonnenen, sauberen Wassers erfolgen.In an advantageous development of the invention, at least one steam drum is taken off an amount of water (eg drum slurry) and fed to a " water treatment." This can be used to clean a water-steam cycle of the steam power plant and to feed in the recovered, clean water.
Vorteilhafterweise wird mindestens einem Überhitzer und/oder einer Dampfleitung eine weitere Menge am Wasser (z.B, Entwässerungskondensat oder- dampf) entnommen und einem Speicherbehälter, zugeführt. Es wird somit gewährleistet, dass auch in diesen Komponenten angefallenes Wasser , das nicht von derAdvantageously, at least one superheater and / or one steam line, a further amount of the water (for example, drainage condensate or steam) is removed and fed to a storage tank. It is thus ensured that even in these components accrued water, not from the
Turbine verarbeitet werden kann, in den Kreislauf zurück geführt wird.Turbine can be processed, recycled into the circuit.
Diese weitere Menge an Wasser kann dem Wasser-Dampfkreislauf der Dampfkraftanläge ohne vorherige Wasseraufbereitung zugeführt werden, so dass der Anfall von Abwasser klein gehalten werden kann.This additional amount of water can be supplied to the water-steam cycle of Dampfkraftanläge without prior water treatment, so that the accumulation of wastewater can be kept small.
In einer besonders vorteilhaften Ausgestaltung der Erfindung wird das der Dampftrommel entnommene Wasser einer ersten Wasser-Dampf-Trennung unterzogen und das abgetrennte und aufkonzentrierte Wasser der Wasseraufbereitung zugeführt. Der abgetrennte saubere Dampf und die dem mindestens einen Überhitzer und/oder der Dampfleitung entnommene weitere Menge an Wasser wird einer zweiten Wasser-Dampf-Trennung zugeführt. Dadurch kann die Menge an Wasser, die zu reinigen ist, minimiert werden.In a particularly advantageous embodiment of the invention, the water removed from the steam drum is subjected to a first water-steam separation and the separated and concentrated water is fed to the water treatment. The separated clean steam and the further amount of water taken from the at least one superheater and / or the steam line is fed to a second water-steam separation. This can minimize the amount of water that needs to be cleaned.
Vorteilhafterweise wird das bei der ersten bzw. zweiten Was- ser-Dampf-Trennung abgetrennte Wasser dem Speicherbehälter zugeführt. Dieses Wasser ist sauber und muss nicht weiter aufbereitet werden, um erneut in den Wasser-Dampfkreislauf eingespeist zu werden.Advantageously, the water separated during the first or second water-steam separation is supplied to the storage container. This water is clean and does not have to go on be recycled to be re-injected into the water-steam cycle.
Besonders vorteilhaft wird der bei der ersten bzw. zweiten Wasser-Dampf-Trennung abgetrennte Dampf einem Kondensator zugeführt. Dadurch ist auf einfache Weise eine Rückführung des Dampfes in den Wasser-Dampfkreislauf gegeben.Particularly advantageously, the steam separated in the first or second water-vapor separation is fed to a condenser. As a result, a return of the steam is given in a simple way in the water-steam cycle.
Vorteilhafterweise wird das in dem Speicherbehälter enthalte- ne Wasser von der Umgebungsluft isoliert aufbewahrt. DerAdvantageously, the water contained in the storage tank is kept isolated from the ambient air. Of the
Speicherbehälter ist also geschlossen. Ein Lufteinbruch bzw. Lufteintrag kann nicht erfolgen. Dadurch findet im Wasser keine Sauerstoffanreicherung statt, wodurch eine aufwändige Entgasung vermieden und ein schnelles Anfahren der Dampf- kraftanlage ermöglicht wird.Storage tank is closed. An air ingress or air entry can not take place. As a result, there is no oxygen enrichment in the water, which avoids time-consuming degassing and enables a quick start-up of the steam power plant.
Nachfolgend werden zwei Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung anhand der beigefügten schematischen Zeichnungen näher erläutert. Es zeigen:Two exemplary embodiments of the invention will be explained in more detail below with reference to the attached schematic drawings. Show it:
Fig. 1 ein erstes Ausführungsbeispiel einer erfindungsgemäßen EntwässerungsVorrichtung einer Dampfkraftanlage mit einer Dampftrommel undFig. 1 shows a first embodiment of a dewatering device according to the invention a steam power plant with a steam drum and
Fig. 2 ein zweites Ausführungsbeispiel der erfindungsgemäßen EntwässerungsVorrichtung der Dampfkraftanläge mit drei Dampftrommeln, die unterschiedliche Druckniveaus haben.Fig. 2 shows a second embodiment of the invention EntwässerungsVorrichtung the Dampfkraftanläge with three steam drums, which have different pressure levels.
Im Folgenden werden für gleiche und gleichwirkende Elemente durchweg gleiche Bezugszeichen verwendet.In the following, the same reference numerals are used throughout for identical and equivalent elements.
In der Fig. 1 ist ein erstes Ausführungsbeispiel einer erfindungsgemäßen EntwässerungsVorrichtung 1 dargestellt, die Teil einer Dampfkraftanlage 2 zur Stromerzeugung ist. Die Entwässerungsvorrichtung 1 ist gegenüber der Atmosphäre abgeschlossen, um einen Lufteinbruch in den Wasser-Dampfkreislauf der Dampfkraftanlage 2 zu verhindern. In der Fig. 1 dargestellte, verschiedene Komponenten der Dampfkraftanläge 2 sind mittels Leitungen zur Übertragung von Wasser oder Dampf miteinander verbunden. Gestrichelte Verbindungslinien bezeichnen Leitun- gen für verunreinigtes Wasser, strich-punktierte Verbindungslinien bezeichnen Leitungen für sauberes Wasser und durchgezogene Verbindungslinien Leitungen für sauberen Dampf.1 shows a first embodiment of a dewatering device 1 according to the invention, which is part of a steam power plant 2 for generating electricity. The dewatering apparatus 1 is sealed from the atmosphere to prevent air leakage into the water-steam cycle of the To prevent steam power plant 2. In Fig. 1 shown, various components of Dampfkraftanläge 2 are connected by means of lines for the transmission of water or steam. Dashed lines indicate dirty water lines, dashed lines indicate clean water lines and solid lines clean steam lines.
Die Dampfkraftanlage 2 enthält eine oder mehrere Dampfturbi- nen 3, deren Dampf über einen Überhitzer zugeführt wird. In der Fig. 1 ist eine Kombination aus dem Überhitzer und einem Verdampfer mit dem Bezugszeichen 4 dargestellt. Die Entwässe— rungsvorrichtung 1 enthält einen Tank, der als Abscheiderbehälter 5 zur Wasser-Dampf-Trennung ausgestaltet ist. Ein Ein- gang des Abscheiderbehälters 5 ist über eine Leitung mit einem Ausgang der Verdampfer/Überhitzer-Kombination 4 verbunden. Über diese Leitung wird aus dem Überhitzer eine erste Teilwassermenge abgeschlämmten, verunreinigten Wassers in den Abscheiderbehälter 5 abgelassen und entspannt, um das Ab- schlämmwasser weiter aufzukonzentrieren und sauberes Wasser in Form von Dampf vom verunreinigten Wasser abzutrennen. Das im Abscheiderbehälter 5 abgetrennte, verunreinigte und weiter aufkonzentrierte Wasser wird über eine Leitung in einen Wiederaufbereitungsbehälter in Gestalt eines Atoschlämmtanks 21 befördert, und in einer Reinigungsanlage bzw. Wasseraufbereitung 6 aufbereitet. Das aufbereitete Wasser kann zur Weiterverwertung einem Kondensator 7 der Dampfkraftanlage 2 zugeführt werden. Der im Abscheiderbehälter 5 atagetrennte Dampf enthält keine Verunreinigungen und wird in einen Tank einge- leitet. Der Tank 8 ist ein Entspannungs- und Kondensiertank, der mit der Verdampfer/Überhitzer-Kobination 4 verbunden ist und in den aus dem Überhitzer entwässertes, sauberes Wasser als zweite Teilwassermenge eingeleitet wird- Der Tank 8 ist mit einem so genannten Polsterdampf auf leichte Überdruck gegenüber der Umgebung gehalten, damit Luft oder Kohlendioxid nicht in das Wasser im Tank 8 eingetragen wird. In dem Tank 8 findet ebenfalls eine Wasser-Dampf-Trennung statt, wobei das abgetrennte Wasser einem Tank 9 zugeführt wird, der als Kondensat-Speichertank dient. Der abgetrennte Dampf wird über eine geeignete Leitung dem Kondensator 7 zugeführt. Die Entwässerungsvorrichtung 1 weist des Weiteren einen Tank 10 auf, dessen Eingang über eine Entwässerungsleitung mit einer Dampfleitung 11 zur Zufuhr von Dampf zu der Dampfturbine 3 verbunden ist. Diese Dampfleitung 11 kann dadurch insbesondere beim An- und Abfahren der Dampfkraftanlage 2 entwässert werden, indem das bei der Entwässerung als dritte Teilwasser- menge abgeführte Wasser dem Tank 10 zugeleitet wird. Das bei dieser Entwässerung auftretende Wasser ist sauber. Der Tank 10 ist ein Entspannungs- und Kondensiertank, in dem eine Wasser-Dampf-Trennung statt findet. Das abgetrennte, saubere Wasser wird dem Tank 9 und der abgetrennte, saubere Dampf dem Kondensator 7 zugeführt. Das dem Tank 9 zugeführte Wasserkondensat wird unter Luftabschluss, insbesondere mit Unterstützung von Hilfsdampf, zwischengespeichert und bei Bedarf dem Wasser-Dampfkreislauf wieder zugeführt, indem es in den Kondensator 7 eingespeist wird.The steam power plant 2 contains one or more steam turbines 3, whose steam is supplied via a superheater. FIG. 1 shows a combination of the superheater and an evaporator with the reference numeral 4. The drainage device 1 contains a tank, which is designed as a separator tank 5 for water-steam separation. An input of the separator tank 5 is connected via a line to an outlet of the evaporator / superheater combination 4. Via this line, a first partial amount of water is drained from the superheater contaminated water into the separator 5 and relaxed to further concentrate the Abschlimmernwasser and separate clean water in the form of vapor from the contaminated water. The separated in the separator 5, contaminated and further concentrated water is conveyed via a line in a recycling tank in the form of a Atoschlämmtanks 21, and processed in a cleaning system or water treatment 6. The treated water can be supplied to a condenser 7 of the steam power plant 2 for further utilization. The steam separated in the separator tank 5 contains no impurities and is introduced into a tank. The tank 8 is a flash tank and condensing tank, which is connected to the evaporator / superheater Kobination 4 and is introduced into the drained from the superheater, clean water as a second partial amount of water- The tank 8 is compared with a so-called cushion steam to slight overpressure held the environment so that air or carbon dioxide is not registered in the water in the tank 8. In the tank 8 also takes place a water-steam separation, wherein the Separated water is fed to a tank 9, which serves as a condensate storage tank. The separated steam is fed to the condenser 7 via a suitable conduit. The dewatering device 1 further comprises a tank 10, whose inlet is connected via a drainage line to a steam line 11 for supplying steam to the steam turbine 3. This steam line 11 can thereby be dewatered in particular when starting and stopping the steam power plant 2 by the amount of water discharged during the dewatering as a third part of the water quantity is fed to the tank 10. The water occurring during this drainage is clean. The tank 10 is a flash tank and condensing tank in which a water-steam separation takes place. The separated, clean water is supplied to the tank 9 and the separated, clean steam to the condenser 7. The water condensate supplied to the tank 9 is cached under exclusion of air, in particular with the aid of auxiliary steam, and fed back to the water-steam cycle, if necessary, by being fed into the condenser 7.
Der von den Tanks 8 und 10 in den Kondensator 7 eingeleitete Dampf wird im Betrieb der Dampfkraftanlage 2 im Kondensator 7 kondensiert. Bei Stillstand der Dampfkraftanlage 2 bzw. Nichtverfügbarkeit des Kondensators werden die Verbindungs- leitungen vom Tank 8 und vom Tank 10 zum Kondensator 7 geschlossen und der Dampf wird über ein Kühlwassersystem der Dampfkraftanlage 2 gekühlt, kondensiert und das Kondensat dem Tank 9 zugeführt. Das Wasser im Kondensator 7 wird über einen Hotwell in die Dampftrommel der Dampftrommel/Überhitzer- Kombination 4 gepumpt und der erzeugte Dampf anschließend ü- ber den Überhitzer der Dampftrommel/Überhitzer-Kombination 4 der Dampfturbine 3 zugeleitet.The introduced from the tanks 8 and 10 in the condenser 7 steam is condensed in the operation of the steam power plant 2 in the condenser 7. At standstill of the steam power plant 2 or unavailability of the condenser, the connecting lines from the tank 8 and from the tank 10 to the condenser 7 are closed and the steam is cooled by a cooling water system of the steam power plant 2, condensed and the condensate fed to the tank 9. The water in the condenser 7 is pumped via a hotwell into the steam drum of the steam drum / superheater combination 4, and the steam generated is then fed via the superheater to the steam drum / superheater combination 4 of the steam turbine 3.
Auf diese Weise ist es möglich, im Wasser-Dampfkreislauf ent- haltene Energie und auch die durch Entwässerungen und Abschlämmungen anfallenden Abwässer und Dämpfe bei Betrieb, Stillstand und auch beim Anfahren der Dampfkraftanlage weitgehend zu nutzenIn this way, it is possible to keep the energy contained in the water-steam cycle and also the effluents and vapors produced by dewatering and sludge during operation, Standstill and also to use when starting the steam power plant largely
Im vorliegenden Ausführungsbeispiel wurde der zweite Tank 8 dazu verwendet, Wasser aus der Dampftrommel/Überhi zerKombination 4 aufzunehmen. Der Tank 10 wurde dazu -verwendet, Wasser aus der Dampfleitung 11 aufzunehmen. Es ist auch möglich, sowohl das Wasser aus der Dampftrommel/Überhitzer- Kombination 4 als auch das Wasser aus der Dampfleitung 11 ei- nem gemeinsamen Tank zuzuführen, in dem dann eine Wasser- Dampf-Trennung vorgenommen werden kann.In the present embodiment, the second tank 8 has been used to receive water from the steam drum / Überhi zerKombination 4. The tank 10 was used to receive water from the steam line 11. It is also possible to supply both the water from the steam drum / superheater combination 4 and the water from the steam line 11 to a common tank in which a water-steam separation can then be carried out.
Die Fig. 2 zeigt ein zweites Ausführungsbeispiel der erfindungsgemäßen EntwässerungsVorrichtung 1. Die Entwässerungs- Vorrichtung 1 ist Teil der Dampfkraftanlage 2, die hier drei Dampftrommeln aufweist, die unterschiedliche Druckniveaus haben. Die Dampfkraftanlage 2 enthält hier eine Hochdruck (HD)- Dampftrommel 12 mit einem HD-Druckniveau, eine Mitteldruck (MD)-Dampftrommel 13 mit einem MD-Druckniveau, das niedriger liegt, als das HD-Druckniveau, und eine Niederdrück (ND)- Drucktrommel 14 mit einem ND-Druckniveau, das niedriger liegt, als das MD-Druckniveau. Mit den Dampftrommeln 12, 13, 14 und zugehörigen Verdampfern wird im Betrieb Dampf aus Wasser erzeugt. Dieser Dampf wird über den Dampftrommeln 12, 13, 14 der verschiedenen Druckniveaus zugeordnete Überhitzer 15, 16, 17 und Dampfleitungen 18, 19, 20 den Dampfturbinen 3 der Dampfkraftanlage 2 zugeführt.2 shows a second embodiment of the dewatering device 1 according to the invention. The dewatering device 1 is part of the steam power plant 2, which here has three steam drums which have different pressure levels. The steam power plant 2 here includes a high pressure (HD) steam drum 12 having an HD pressure level, a medium pressure (MD) steam drum 13 having an MD pressure level lower than the HD pressure level, and a depression (ND). Print drum 14 with a ND pressure level that is lower than the MD pressure level. With the steam drums 12, 13, 14 and associated evaporators steam is generated from water during operation. This steam is supplied to the steam turbines 3 of the steam power plant 2 via the steam drums 12, 13, 14 of the various pressure levels associated superheater 15, 16, 17 and steam lines 18, 19, 20.
Die drei Dampftrommeln 12, 13, 14 sind jeweils mit dem Ab- Scheiderbehälter 5 verbunden, um aus ihnen abgeschlämmtes, verunreinigtes Wasser einzuleiten. Das im Abscheiderbehälter 5 abgetrennte, verunreinigte Wasser wird einem Absσhlämmtank 21 zum Speichern des verunreinigten Wassers zugeleitet. Diesem Abschlämmtank 21 können auch weitere verunreinigte Flüs- sigkeiten zugeführt werden. Die Reinigungsanlage 6 erhält aus dem Abschlämmtank 21 verunreinigte Flüssigkeit, die in der Reinigungsanlage 6 aufbereitet wird. Das aufbereitete Wasser kann anschließend dem Kondensator 7 zugeleitet werden. Der Abscheiderbehälter 5 ist ausgangsseitig des Weiteren mit einem Rohwassertank 22 verbunden. Die drei Überhitzer 15, 16, 17 sind jeweils mit dem Tank 8 zum Einleiten von bei ihrer Entwässerung auftretendem, sauberem Wasser bzw. Dampf verbunden. Die drei Dampfleitungen 18, 19, 20 wiederum sind jeweils mit dem Tank 10 zum Einleiten von bei ihrer Entwässerung auftretendem, sauberem Wasser bzw. Dampf verbunden.Each of the three steam drums 12, 13, 14 is connected to the separator tank 5 for discharging polluted water discharged therefrom. The contaminated water separated in the separator tank 5 is supplied to a slurry tank 21 for storing the contaminated water. This sludge tank 21 can also be supplied with other contaminated liquids. The cleaning system 6 receives from the Abschlämmtank 21 contaminated liquid, which is processed in the cleaning system 6. The treated water can then be fed to the capacitor 7. The separator tank 5 is also connected to a raw water tank 22 on the output side. The three superheaters 15, 16, 17 are respectively connected to the tank 8 for introducing clean water or vapor occurring during their drainage. The three steam lines 18, 19, 20, in turn, are each connected to the tank 10 for introducing clean water or steam occurring during their drainage.
Der prinzipielle Aufbau und die prinzipielle Funktionsweise der Entwässerungsvorrichtung 1 gemäß diesem zweiten Aus ldh- rungsbeispiel entsprechen denjenigen des ersten Ausführurαgs- beispiels gemäß der Fig. 1. Insbesondere entsprechen der Aufbau und die Wirkungsweise des Abscheiderbehälters 5, des Tanks 8, des Tanks 9, des vierten Tanks 10, und der Reinigungsanlage 6, sowie der Aufbau der Verbindungsleitungen zwischen diesen Komponenten und den weiteren Komponenten derr Dampfkraftanlage 2 dem Aufbau und der Wirkungsweise, wie sie oben anhand des ersten Ausführungsbeispiels beschrieben wur- den. The basic structure and the principle of operation of the dewatering apparatus 1 according to this second embodiment correspond to those of the first embodiment according to FIG. 1. In particular, the structure and operation of the separator tank 5, the tank 8, the tank 9, the fourth tanks 10, and the cleaning system 6, and the structure of the connecting lines between these components and the other components of the steam power plant 2 the structure and the operation, as described above with reference to the first embodiment.

Claims

Patentansprüche claims
1. Verfahren zur Entwässerung bei einer Dampfkraftanlage (2), dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass entsprechend dem Grad an Verunreinigung einer Anzahl an Teilwassermengen eine getrennte Sammlung der betreffenden Teilwassermengen durchgeführt wird.1. A method for dewatering in a steam power plant (2), characterized in that according to the degree of contamination of a number of partial amounts of water a separate collection of the respective partial amounts of water is performed.
2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass mindestens einem Überhitzer (4; 15, 16, 17) und/oder einer Dampfleitung (11; 18, 19, 20) eine weitere Menge an Wasser entnommen und einem Speicherbehälter, insbesondere für sauberes Wasser (8, 9, 10) zugeführt wird.2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that at least one superheater (4; 15, 16, 17) and / or a steam line (11; 18, 19, 20) taken from a further amount of water and a storage container, in particular for clean Water (8, 9, 10) is supplied.
3. Verfahren nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die weitere Menge an Wasser einem Wasser-Dampfkreislauf der Dampfkraftanlage (2) ohne vorherige Wasseraufbereitung zugeführt wird.3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that the further amount of water is fed to a water-steam cycle of the steam power plant (2) without prior water treatment.
4. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass mindestens einer Dampftrommel (4; 12, 13, 14) eine Menge an Wasser entnommen und einer Wasseraufbereitung (6) zugeführt wird.4. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that at least one steam drum (4; 12, 13, 14) is removed from a quantity of water and a water treatment (6) is supplied.
5. Verfahren nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das der Dampftrommel (4; 12, 13, 14) entnommene Wasser einer ersten Wasser-Dampf-Trennung unterzogen und das abgetrennte Wasser der Wasseraufbereitung (6) zugeführt wird. 5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that the steam drum (4; 12, 13, 14) removed water subjected to a first water-steam separation and the separated water of the water treatment (6) is supplied.
6. Verfahren nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der abgetrennte Dampf und die dem mindestens einen Überhitzer (4; 15, 16, 17) und/oder der Dampfleitung (11; 18, 19, 20) entnommenen weitere Menge an Wasser einer zweiten Wasser-Dampf-Trennung zugeführt wird.6. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that the separated steam and the at least one superheater (4; 15, 16, 17) and / or the steam line (11; 18, 19, 20) removed further amount of water of a second Water-steam separation is supplied.
7. Verfahren nach Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das bei der zweiten Wasser-Damp -Trennung abgetrennte Wasser dem Speicherbehälter (9) zugeführt wird.7. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that the water separated in the second water-steam separation is supplied to the storage tank (9).
8. Verfahren nach Anspruch 6 oder 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der bei der zweiten Wasser-Dampf-Trennung abgetrennte Dampf einem Kondensator (7) zugeführt wird.8. The method according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that the separated in the second water-vapor separation steam is fed to a condenser (7).
9. Verfahren nach Anspruch 3 oder 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das in dem Speicherbehälter (8, 9, 10) enthaltene Wasser von der Umgebungsluft isoliert aufbewahrt wird.9. The method according to claim 3 or 7, characterized in that in the storage container (8, 9, 10) contained water is isolated from the ambient air stored.
10. Vorrichtung (1) zur Entwässerung bei einer Dampfkraftanlage (2), dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass mehrere Speicherbehälter (5, 8, 9, 10, 21) zum Speichern von Teilwassermengen vorgesehen sind, die so angeordnet sind, dass Teilwassermengen mit unterschiedlichen Graden an Verunreinigungen getrennt voneinander aufsammelbar sind.10. Device (1) for dewatering in a steam power plant (2), characterized in that a plurality of storage containers (5, 8, 9, 10, 21) are provided for storing partial amounts of water, which are arranged so that partial amounts of water with different degrees Contaminants are collected separately from each other.
11. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass mindestens eine Dampftrommel (4; 12, 13, 14) und ein Was- seraufbereitungsmittel (6) zum Aufbereiten von verunreinigtem Wasser vorgesehen sind, wobei die mindestens eine Dampftrommel (4; 12, 13, 14) und das Wasseraufbereitungs- mittel (6) zum Zuführen einer der mindestens einen Dampf- trommel (4; 12, 13, 14) entnommenen Menge an Wasser miteinander verbunden sind.11. The device according to claim 10, characterized in that at least one steam drum (4; 12, 13, 14) and a water treatment means (6) are provided for the treatment of contaminated water, wherein the at least one steam drum (4; 12, 13 , 14) and the water treatment means (6) for supplying one of the at least one steam drum (4; 12, 13, 14) removed amount of water are interconnected.
12. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 10 oder 11, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass mindestens ein Überhitzer (4; 15, 16, 17) und/oder eine Dampfleitung (11; 18, 19, 20) vorgesehen sind, die jeweils mit einem Speicherbehälter (8, 9, 10) zum Zuführen einer dem mindestens einen Überhitzer (4; 15, 16, 17) und/oder der Dampfleitung (11; 18, 19, 20) entnommenen weiteren Menge an Wasser verbunden sind.12. Apparatus according to claim 10 or 11, characterized in that at least one superheater (4; 15, 16, 17) and / or a steam line (11; 18, 19, 20) are provided, each with a storage container (8, 9, 10) for supplying a further amount of water taken from the at least one superheater (4; 15, 16, 17) and / or the steam line (11; 18, 19, 20).
13. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 12 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass ein erstes Trennmittel (5) zur Wasser-Dampf-Trennung des der mindestens einen Dampftrommel (4; 12, 13, 14) entnommenen Wassers vorhanden ist, wobei das erste Trennmittel (5) zum Zuführen von abgetrenntem Wasser mit dem Wasser- aufbereitungsmittel (6) und zum Zuführen des abgetrennten Dampfes mit einem zweiten Trennmittel (8) zur Wasser- Dampf-Trennung verbunden ist.13. The device according to claim 12, characterized in that a first separating means (5) for water-steam separation of the at least one steam drum (4; 12, 13, 14) removed water is present, wherein the first separating means (5) for Supplying separated water with the water treatment means (6) and for supplying the separated steam with a second separation means (8) for water-steam separation is connected.
14. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 13, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das zweite Trennmittel (8) zum Zuführen des abgetrennten Wassers mit dem Speicherbehälter (9) und zum Zuführen des abgetrennten Dampfes mit einem Kondensator (7) verbunden ist.14. The apparatus according to claim 13, characterized in that the second separating means (8) for supplying the separated water with the storage container (9) and for supplying the separated vapor with a capacitor (7) is connected.
15. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 10 bis 14, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Speiσherbehälter (8, 9, 10) geschlossene Behälter sind.15. Device according to one of claims 10 to 14, characterized in that the Speiσherbehälter (8, 9, 10) are closed containers.
16. Dampfkraftanlage mit einer Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 10 bis 15. 16. Steam power plant with a device according to one of claims 10 to 15.
EP04787068.8A 2004-01-20 2004-09-30 Method and device for removing water from a steam plant Not-in-force EP1706667B1 (en)

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PL1706667T3 (en) 2015-04-30
CN100578083C (en) 2010-01-06
WO2005068905A1 (en) 2005-07-28
US7487640B2 (en) 2009-02-10
ES2523848T3 (en) 2014-12-02
EP1706667B1 (en) 2014-10-29
CN1926381A (en) 2007-03-07
US20070289304A1 (en) 2007-12-20
EG24219A (en) 2008-11-05
IL176839A0 (en) 2006-10-31
IL176839A (en) 2012-12-31

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