EP1706667B1 - Method and device for removing water from a steam plant - Google Patents

Method and device for removing water from a steam plant Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1706667B1
EP1706667B1 EP04787068.8A EP04787068A EP1706667B1 EP 1706667 B1 EP1706667 B1 EP 1706667B1 EP 04787068 A EP04787068 A EP 04787068A EP 1706667 B1 EP1706667 B1 EP 1706667B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
steam
water
separated
superheater
volume
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EP04787068.8A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1706667A1 (en
Inventor
Rainer Wulff
Michael SCHÖTTLER
Anja Wallmann
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Siemens AG
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Siemens AG
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Priority to PL04787068T priority Critical patent/PL1706667T3/en
Priority to EP04787068.8A priority patent/EP1706667B1/en
Publication of EP1706667A1 publication Critical patent/EP1706667A1/en
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22—STEAM GENERATION
    • F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
    • F22B37/00—Component parts or details of steam boilers
    • F22B37/02—Component parts or details of steam boilers applicable to more than one kind or type of steam boiler
    • F22B37/48—Devices for removing water, salt, or sludge from boilers; Arrangements of cleaning apparatus in boilers; Combinations thereof with boilers
    • F22B37/486—Devices for removing water, salt, or sludge from boilers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
    • F01K23/00—Plants characterised by more than one engine delivering power external to the plant, the engines being driven by different fluids
    • F01K23/02—Plants characterised by more than one engine delivering power external to the plant, the engines being driven by different fluids the engine cycles being thermally coupled
    • F01K23/06—Plants characterised by more than one engine delivering power external to the plant, the engines being driven by different fluids the engine cycles being thermally coupled combustion heat from one cycle heating the fluid in another cycle
    • F01K23/10—Plants characterised by more than one engine delivering power external to the plant, the engines being driven by different fluids the engine cycles being thermally coupled combustion heat from one cycle heating the fluid in another cycle with exhaust fluid of one cycle heating the fluid in another cycle
    • F01K23/106—Plants characterised by more than one engine delivering power external to the plant, the engines being driven by different fluids the engine cycles being thermally coupled combustion heat from one cycle heating the fluid in another cycle with exhaust fluid of one cycle heating the fluid in another cycle with water evaporated or preheated at different pressures in exhaust boiler
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22—STEAM GENERATION
    • F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
    • F22B37/00—Component parts or details of steam boilers
    • F22B37/02—Component parts or details of steam boilers applicable to more than one kind or type of steam boiler
    • F22B37/48—Devices for removing water, salt, or sludge from boilers; Arrangements of cleaning apparatus in boilers; Combinations thereof with boilers
    • F22B37/50—Devices for removing water, salt, or sludge from boilers; Arrangements of cleaning apparatus in boilers; Combinations thereof with boilers for draining or expelling water
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22—STEAM GENERATION
    • F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
    • F22B37/00—Component parts or details of steam boilers
    • F22B37/02—Component parts or details of steam boilers applicable to more than one kind or type of steam boiler
    • F22B37/48—Devices for removing water, salt, or sludge from boilers; Arrangements of cleaning apparatus in boilers; Combinations thereof with boilers
    • F22B37/54—De-sludging or blow-down devices

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method and a device for dewatering in a steam power plant.
  • the present invention further relates to a steam power plant.
  • Such a steam power plant usually contains one or more steam drums with associated evaporators, with which, in particular at different pressure levels, steam is generated, which can be fed to a steam turbine.
  • Impurities in the water-steam circuit of the steam power plant must be removed.
  • a concentration of impurities arises in the steam drum.
  • Due to the removal of saturated steam from the steam drum remain non-volatile substances in the steam drum.
  • These non-volatile substances are removed from the circulation by leaching.
  • effluents and steam through drainages which contain no impurities, but still largely discarded and not used.
  • the replenished deionate has high levels of oxygen and carbon dioxide which require degassing of the deionate, thus prolonging the startup time of the steam power plant. Furthermore, costs are incurred and the environment is burdened.
  • US 419,895 A For example, a method of optimizing the useful content of a geothermal fluid is described.
  • US 3 008 295 A concerns a steam power plant.
  • the invention has for its object to enable a technically effective way of dewatering in a steam power plant, the burden on the environment should be low. In particular, no contaminated water should be released and it should be handled sparingly with the water.
  • This object is achieved according to the invention with a method and a device for dewatering in a steam power plant, wherein according to a degree of contamination of a number of partial amounts of water a separate collection of the relevant partial amounts of water is performed.
  • the object is also achieved with a steam power plant having a device according to the invention.
  • the possibility is advantageously created to significantly reduce the waste water accumulation. As a result, environmental requirements are more easily met. In addition, less deionate must be refilled.
  • the inventive method and the associated device is applicable both for steam power plants with and without steam drum (eg a forced-circulation boiler).
  • a steam power plant without steam drum only eliminates the drain and / or subsequent cleaning.
  • the advantage of the invention lies in particular in relation to an introduction of the drains directly into a condenser in that the condenser does not have to be used to absorb water or steam when the steam power plant is at a standstill. At standstill fall particularly large amounts of dewatering condensate, which are fed into the water-steam cycle.
  • At least one steam drum is taken from an amount of water (e.g., drum slurry) and fed to a water treatment. This can be done a cleaning of a water-steam cycle of the steam power plant and a feed of the recovered, clean water.
  • water e.g., drum slurry
  • At least one superheater and / or one steam line a further quantity of water (for example, dewatering condensate or steam) is removed and fed to a storage container. It is thus ensured that water accumulated in these components, which can not be processed by the turbine, is recycled.
  • dewatering condensate or steam for example, dewatering condensate or steam
  • This additional amount of water can be supplied to the water-steam cycle of the steam power plant without prior water treatment, so that the accumulation of waste water can be kept small.
  • the water taken from the steam drum is subjected to a first water-steam separation and the separated and concentrated water is fed to the water treatment.
  • the separated clean steam and the further amount of water taken from the at least one superheater and / or the steam line is fed to a second water-steam separation. This can minimize the amount of water that needs to be cleaned.
  • the water separated in the first or second water-steam separation is supplied to the storage tank. This water is clean and does not have to go on be recycled to be re-injected into the water-steam cycle.
  • the vapor separated in the first and second water-steam separation is fed to a condenser.
  • a return of the steam is given in a simple way in the water-steam cycle.
  • the water contained in the storage tank is kept isolated from the ambient air.
  • the storage container is therefore closed. An air ingress or air entry can not take place. As a result, no oxygen enrichment takes place in the water, whereby a complex degassing is avoided and a rapid startup of the steam power plant is made possible.
  • a first embodiment of a dewatering device 1 according to the invention is shown, which is part of a steam power plant 2 for power generation.
  • the dewatering apparatus 1 is sealed from the atmosphere to prevent air leakage into the water-steam cycle of the To prevent steam power plant 2.
  • various components of the steam power plant 2 are connected by means of lines for the transmission of water or steam. Dashed lines indicate contaminated water lines, dashed lines indicate clean water lines, and solid lines clean steam lines.
  • the steam power plant 2 includes one or more steam turbines 3, the steam is supplied via a superheater.
  • a combination of the superheater and an evaporator with the reference numeral 4 is shown.
  • the dewatering device 1 contains a tank, which is designed as a separator tank 5 for water-steam separation.
  • An input of the separator tank 5 is connected via a line to an outlet of the evaporator / superheater combination 4.
  • a first partial amount of water from the superheater is drained, contaminated water discharged into the separator 5 and relaxed to further concentrate the Abschlämmwasser and separate clean water in the form of vapor from the contaminated water.
  • the separated in the separator 5 contaminated and further concentrated water is conveyed via a line in a reprocessing tank in the form of a Abschlämmtanks 21, and processed in a cleaning system or water treatment 6.
  • the treated water can be supplied to a condenser 7 of the steam power plant 2 for further utilization.
  • the separated in the separator tank 5 steam contains no impurities and is introduced into a tank.
  • the tank 8 is a flash tank and condensing tank, which is connected to the evaporator / superheater combination 4 and is introduced into the drained from the superheater, clean water as a second partial amount of water.
  • the tank 8 is held with a so-called pad steam at a slight overpressure relative to the environment, so that air or carbon dioxide is not added to the water in the tank 8.
  • a water-steam separation wherein the Separated water is fed to a tank 9, which serves as a condensate storage tank.
  • the separated steam is fed to the condenser 7 via a suitable conduit.
  • the dewatering device 1 further comprises a tank 10, whose inlet is connected via a drainage line to a steam line 11 for supplying steam to the steam turbine 3.
  • This steam line 11 can be dehydrated in particular by the arrival and departure of the steam power plant 2 by the water discharged during the drainage as a third partial amount of water to the tank 10 is supplied. The water occurring during this drainage is clean.
  • the tank 10 is a flash tank and condensing tank in which a water-steam separation takes place.
  • the separated, clean water is supplied to the tank 9 and the separated, clean steam to the condenser 7.
  • the water condensate supplied to the tank 9 is cached under exclusion of air, in particular with the aid of auxiliary steam, and fed back to the water-steam cycle, if necessary, by being fed into the condenser 7.
  • the introduced from the tanks 8 and 10 in the condenser 7 steam is condensed in the operation of the steam power plant 2 in the condenser 7.
  • the connecting lines from the tank 8 and from the tank 10 to the condenser 7 are closed and the steam is cooled by a cooling water system of the steam power plant 2, condensed and the condensate fed to the tank 9.
  • the water in the condenser 7 is pumped via a hotwell into the steam drum of the steam drum / superheater combination 4, and the steam produced is then fed via the superheater to the steam drum / superheater combination 4 of the steam turbine 3.
  • the second tank 8 has been used to receive water from the steam drum / superheater combination 4.
  • the tank 10 was used to receive water from the steam line 11. It is also possible to supply both the water from the steam drum / superheater combination 4 and the water from the steam line 11 to a common tank, in which then a water-steam separation can be made.
  • the Fig. 2 shows a second embodiment of the dewatering device according to the invention 1.
  • the dewatering device 1 is part of the steam power plant 2, which here has three steam drums, which have different pressure levels.
  • the steam power plant 2 here includes a high pressure (HD) steam drum 12 having an HD pressure level, a medium pressure (MD) steam drum 13 having an MD pressure level lower than the HD pressure level, and a low pressure (ND).
  • Print drum 14 with a ND pressure level that is lower than the MD pressure level.
  • This steam is supplied to the steam turbines 3 of the steam power plant 2 via the steam drums 12, 13, 14 of the various pressure levels associated superheater 15, 16, 17 and steam lines 18, 19, 20.
  • the three steam drums 12, 13, 14 are respectively connected to the separator tank 5 to discharge therefrom depleted, contaminated water.
  • the contaminated water separated in the separator tank 5 is fed to a blowdown tank 21 for storing the contaminated water.
  • This Abschlämmtank 21 can also be supplied to other contaminated liquids.
  • the cleaning system 6 receives from the Abschlämmtank 21 contaminated liquid, which is processed in the cleaning system 6.
  • the treated water can then be fed to the capacitor 7.
  • the separator tank 5 is also connected to a raw water tank 22 on the output side.
  • the three superheaters 15, 16, 17 are respectively connected to the tank 8 for introducing clean water or vapor occurring during their drainage.
  • the three steam lines 18, 19, 20, in turn, are each connected to the tank 10 for introducing clean water or steam occurring during their drainage.
  • the basic structure and principle of operation of the dewatering device 1 according to this second embodiment correspond to those of the first embodiment according to the Fig. 1 ,

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Heat Treatment Of Water, Waste Water Or Sewage (AREA)
  • Degasification And Air Bubble Elimination (AREA)
  • Apparatuses For Bulk Treatment Of Fruits And Vegetables And Apparatuses For Preparing Feeds (AREA)

Description

Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren und eine Vorrichtung zur Entwässerung bei einer Dampfkraftanlage. Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft weiterhin eine Dampfkraftanlage.The present invention relates to a method and a device for dewatering in a steam power plant. The present invention further relates to a steam power plant.

Eine solche Dampfkraftanlage enthält üblicherweise eine oder mehrere Dampftrommeln mit zugehörigen Verdampfern, mit denen, insbesondere in unterschiedlichen Druckniveaus, Dampf erzeugt wird, der einer Dampfturbine zugeführt werden kann. Verunreinigungen im Wasser-Dampf-Kreislauf der Dampfkraftanlage müssen entfernt werden. Eine Aufkonzentration der Verunreinigungen entsteht in der Dampftrommel. Aufgrund der Entnahme von Sattdampf aus der Dampftrommel verbleiben nicht-flüchtige Substanzen in der Dampftrommel. Diese nicht-flüchtigen Substanzen werden durch Abschlämmen aus dem Kreislauf entfernt. Weiterhin fallen insbesondere während des An- und Abfahrens der Dampfkraftanlage im Wasser-Dampfkreislauf Abwässer und Dampf durch Entwässerungen an, die zwar keine Verunreinigungen enthalten, aber dennoch weitestgehend verworfen und nicht weiter genutzt werden. Dabei gehen dem Kreislauf Wasser verloren, das durch Zusatzwasser, sogenanntes Deionat, wieder zugeführt werden muss. Das nachgespeiste Deionat hat hohe Sauerstoff- und Kohlendioxidgehalte, die eine Entgasung des Deionates erfordern, wodurch die Anfahrzeit der Dampfkraftanlage verlängert wird. Des Weiteren entstehen Kosten und die Umwelt wird belastet.Such a steam power plant usually contains one or more steam drums with associated evaporators, with which, in particular at different pressure levels, steam is generated, which can be fed to a steam turbine. Impurities in the water-steam circuit of the steam power plant must be removed. A concentration of impurities arises in the steam drum. Due to the removal of saturated steam from the steam drum remain non-volatile substances in the steam drum. These non-volatile substances are removed from the circulation by leaching. Furthermore fall in particular during the arrival and departure of the steam power plant in the water-steam cycle effluents and steam through drainages, which contain no impurities, but still largely discarded and not used. In doing so, water is lost to the cycle, which must be re-supplied by adding water, so-called deionized water. The replenished deionate has high levels of oxygen and carbon dioxide which require degassing of the deionate, thus prolonging the startup time of the steam power plant. Furthermore, costs are incurred and the environment is burdened.

Es ist bekannt, dass bei der Dampftrommel eines einzelnen Druckniveaus das abgeschlämmte Wasser in einem Abscheiderbehälter entspannt und Wasser und Dampf voneinander getrennt werden. Der abgetrennte Dampf wird anschließend bei niedrigem Druck in einen Sammeltank zur Entgasung und zur Aufwärmung handelt und anschließend dem Wasser-Dampfkreislauf wieder zugeführt. Es ist weiterhin bekannt, dass Entwässerungen aus Dampfleitungen direkt oder über Abscheiderflaschen dem Turbinenkondensator zugeführt werden.It is known that in the steam drum of a single pressure level, the slurried water is expanded in a separator tank and water and steam are separated from each other. The separated steam is then at low pressure in a collection tank for degassing and for heating and then fed back to the water-steam cycle. It is also known that drains from steam lines are fed directly or via separator bottles to the turbine condenser.

In US 4 319 895 A ist ein Verfahren zum Optimieren des brauchbaren Inhalts eines geothermischen Fluids beschrieben. US 3 008 295 A betrifft ein Dampfkraftwerk.In US 4,319,895 A For example, a method of optimizing the useful content of a geothermal fluid is described. US 3 008 295 A concerns a steam power plant.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, auf technisch effektive Weise ein Entwässern bei einer Dampfkraftanlage zu ermöglichen, wobei die Belastung der Umwelt gering sein soll. Insbesondere soll kein verunreinigtes Wasser abgegeben und es soll sparsam mit dem Wasser umgegangen werden.The invention has for its object to enable a technically effective way of dewatering in a steam power plant, the burden on the environment should be low. In particular, no contaminated water should be released and it should be handled sparingly with the water.

Die Aufgabe wird mit den Merkmalen der Patentansprüche 1 und 5 gelöst. Bevorzugte Ausgestaltungen dazu sind in den weiteren Patentansprüchen angegeben.The object is achieved with the features of claims 1 and 5. Preferred embodiments thereof are specified in the further claims.

Diese Aufgabe ist erfindungsgemäß mit einem Verfahren und einer Vorrichtung zur Entwässerung bei einer Dampfkraftanlage gelöst, wobei entsprechend einem Grad an Verunreinigung einer Anzahl an Teilwassermengen eine getrennte Sammlung der betreffenden Teilwassermengen durchgeführt wird. Die Aufgabe ist ebenfalls mit einer Dampfkraftanlage gelöst, die eine erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung aufweist. Gemäß der vorliegenden Erfindung wird vorteilhafterweise die Möglichkeit geschaffen, den Abwasseranfall deutlich zu reduzieren. Dadurch werden Umweltauflagen leichter erfüllt. Außerdem muss weniger Deionat nachgefüllt werden.This object is achieved according to the invention with a method and a device for dewatering in a steam power plant, wherein according to a degree of contamination of a number of partial amounts of water a separate collection of the relevant partial amounts of water is performed. The object is also achieved with a steam power plant having a device according to the invention. According to the present invention, the possibility is advantageously created to significantly reduce the waste water accumulation. As a result, environmental requirements are more easily met. In addition, less deionate must be refilled.

Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren und die zugehörige Vorrichtung ist sowohl für Dampfkraftanlagen mit als auch ohne Dampftrommel (z.B. einem Zwangsdurchlaufkessel) anwendbar. Bei einer Dampfkraftanlage ohne Dampftrommel entfällt lediglich die Abschlämmung und/oder eine nachfolgende Reinigung.The inventive method and the associated device is applicable both for steam power plants with and without steam drum (eg a forced-circulation boiler). In a steam power plant without steam drum only eliminates the drain and / or subsequent cleaning.

Der Vorteil der Erfindung liegt insbesondere gegenüber einer Einleitung der Entwässerungen direkt in einen Kondensator darin, dass der Kondensator bei Stillstand der Dampfkraftanlage nicht zur Aufnahme von Wasser oder Dampf genutzt werden muss. Bei Stillstand fallen besonders große Mengen an Entwässerungskondensat an, die in den Wasser-Dampf-Kreislauf geführt werden.The advantage of the invention lies in particular in relation to an introduction of the drains directly into a condenser in that the condenser does not have to be used to absorb water or steam when the steam power plant is at a standstill. At standstill fall particularly large amounts of dewatering condensate, which are fed into the water-steam cycle.

Bei der Erfindung wird mindestens einer Dampftrommel eine Menge an Wasser (z.B. Trommel-Abschlämmung) entnommen und einer Wasseraufbereitung zugeführt. Dadurch kann eine Reinigung eines Wasser-Dampf-Kreislaufes der Dampfkraftanlage und eine Einspeisung des wiedergewonnenen, sauberen Wassers erfolgen.In the invention, at least one steam drum is taken from an amount of water (e.g., drum slurry) and fed to a water treatment. This can be done a cleaning of a water-steam cycle of the steam power plant and a feed of the recovered, clean water.

Es wird mindestens einem Überhitzer und/oder einer Dampfleitung eine weitere Menge an Wasser (z.B, Entwässerungskondensat oder- dampf) entnommen und einem Speicherbehälter zugeführt. Es wird somit gewährleistet, dass auch in diesen Komponenten angefallenes Wasser, das nicht von der Turbine verarbeitet werden kann, in den Kreislauf zurück geführt wird.At least one superheater and / or one steam line, a further quantity of water (for example, dewatering condensate or steam) is removed and fed to a storage container. It is thus ensured that water accumulated in these components, which can not be processed by the turbine, is recycled.

Diese weitere Menge an Wasser kann dem Wasser-Dampfkreislauf der Dampfkraftanlage ohne vorherige Wasseraufbereitung zugeführt werden, so dass der Anfall von Abwasser klein gehalten werden kann.This additional amount of water can be supplied to the water-steam cycle of the steam power plant without prior water treatment, so that the accumulation of waste water can be kept small.

Es wird das der Dampftrommel entnommene Wasser einer ersten Wasser-Dampf-Trennung unterzogen und das abgetrennte und aufkonzentrierte Wasser der Wasseraufbereitung zugeführt. Der abgetrennte saubere Dampf und die dem mindestens einen Überhitzer und/oder der Dampfleitung entnommene weitere Menge an Wasser wird einer zweiten Wasser-Dampf-Trennung zugeführt. Dadurch kann die Menge an Wasser, die zu reinigen ist, minimiert werden.The water taken from the steam drum is subjected to a first water-steam separation and the separated and concentrated water is fed to the water treatment. The separated clean steam and the further amount of water taken from the at least one superheater and / or the steam line is fed to a second water-steam separation. This can minimize the amount of water that needs to be cleaned.

Es wird das bei der ersten bzw. zweiten Wasser-Dampf-Trennung abgetrennte Wasser dem Speicherbehälter zugeführt. Dieses Wasser ist sauber und muss nicht weiter aufbereitet werden, um erneut in den Wasser-Dampfkreislauf eingespeist zu werden.The water separated in the first or second water-steam separation is supplied to the storage tank. This water is clean and does not have to go on be recycled to be re-injected into the water-steam cycle.

Es wird der bei der ersten bzw. zweiten Wasser-Dampf-Trennung abgetrennte Dampf einem Kondensator zugeführt. Dadurch ist auf einfache Weise eine Rückführung des Dampfes in den Wasser-Dampfkreislauf gegeben.The vapor separated in the first and second water-steam separation is fed to a condenser. As a result, a return of the steam is given in a simple way in the water-steam cycle.

Es wird das in dem Speicherbehälter enthaltene Wasser von der Umgebungsluft isoliert aufbewahrt. Der Speicherbehälter ist also geschlossen. Ein Lufteinbruch bzw. Lufteintrag kann nicht erfolgen. Dadurch findet im Wasser keine Sauerstoffanreicherung statt, wodurch eine aufwändige Entgasung vermieden und ein schnelles Anfahren der Dampfkraftanlage ermöglicht wird.The water contained in the storage tank is kept isolated from the ambient air. The storage container is therefore closed. An air ingress or air entry can not take place. As a result, no oxygen enrichment takes place in the water, whereby a complex degassing is avoided and a rapid startup of the steam power plant is made possible.

Nachfolgend werden zwei Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung anhand der beigefügten schematischen Zeichnungen näher erläutert. Es zeigen:

Fig. 1
ein erstes Ausführungsbeispiel einer erfindungsgemäßen Entwässerungsvorrichtung einer Dampfkraftanlage mit einer Dampftrommel und
Fig. 2
ein zweites Ausführungsbeispiel der erfindungsgemäßen Entwässerungsvorrichtung der Dampfkraftanlage mit drei Dampftrommeln, die unterschiedliche Druckniveaus haben.
Two exemplary embodiments of the invention will be explained in more detail below with reference to the attached schematic drawings. Show it:
Fig. 1
a first embodiment of a dewatering device according to the invention a steam power plant with a steam drum and
Fig. 2
A second embodiment of the dewatering device according to the invention the steam power plant with three steam drums, which have different pressure levels.

Im Folgenden werden für gleiche und gleichwirkende Elemente durchweg gleiche Bezugszeichen verwendet.In the following, the same reference numerals are used throughout for identical and equivalent elements.

In der Fig. 1 ist ein erstes Ausführungsbeispiel einer erfindungsgemäßen Entwässerungsvorrichtung 1 dargestellt, die Teil einer Dampfkraftanlage 2 zur Stromerzeugung ist. Die Entwässerungsvorrichtung 1 ist gegenüber der Atmosphäre abgeschlossen, um einen Lufteinbruch in den Wasser-Dampfkreislauf der Dampfkraftanlage 2 zu verhindern. In der Fig. 1 dargestellte, verschiedene Komponenten der Dampfkraftanlage 2 sind mittels Leitungen zur Übertragung von Wasser oder Dampf miteinander verbunden. Gestrichelte Verbindungslinien bezeichnen Leitungen für verunreinigtes Wasser, strich-punktierte Verbindungslinien bezeichnen Leitungen für sauberes Wasser und durchgezogene Verbindungslinien Leitungen für sauberen Dampf.In the Fig. 1 a first embodiment of a dewatering device 1 according to the invention is shown, which is part of a steam power plant 2 for power generation. The dewatering apparatus 1 is sealed from the atmosphere to prevent air leakage into the water-steam cycle of the To prevent steam power plant 2. In the Fig. 1 shown, various components of the steam power plant 2 are connected by means of lines for the transmission of water or steam. Dashed lines indicate contaminated water lines, dashed lines indicate clean water lines, and solid lines clean steam lines.

Die Dampfkraftanlage 2 enthält eine oder mehrere Dampfturbinen 3, deren Dampf über einen Überhitzer zugeführt wird. In der Fig. 1 ist eine Kombination aus dem Überhitzer und einem Verdampfer mit dem Bezugszeichen 4 dargestellt. Die Entwässerungsvorrichtung 1 enthält einen Tank, der als Abscheiderbehälter 5 zur Wasser-Dampf-Trennung ausgestaltet ist. Ein Eingang des Abscheiderbehälters 5 ist über eine Leitung mit einem Ausgang der Verdampfer/Überhitzer-Kombination 4 verbunden. Über diese Leitung wird aus dem Überhitzer eine erste Teilwassermenge abgeschlämmten, verunreinigten Wassers in den Abscheiderbehälter 5 abgelassen und entspannt, um das Abschlämmwasser weiter aufzukonzentrieren und sauberes Wasser in Form von Dampf vom verunreinigten Wasser abzutrennen. Das im Abscheiderbehälter 5 abgetrennte, verunreinigte und weiter aufkonzentrierte Wasser wird über eine Leitung in einen Wiederaufbereitungsbehälter in Gestalt eines Abschlämmtanks 21 befördert, und in einer Reinigungsanlage bzw. Wasseraufbereitung 6 aufbereitet. Das aufbereitete Wasser kann zur Weiterverwertung einem Kondensator 7 der Dampfkraftanlage 2 zugeführt werden. Der im Abscheiderbehälter 5 abgetrennte Dampf enthält keine Verunreinigungen und wird in einen Tank eingeleitet. Der Tank 8 ist ein Entspannungs- und Kondensiertank, der mit der Verdampfer/Überhitzer-Kombination 4 verbunden ist und in den aus dem Überhitzer entwässertes, sauberes Wasser als zweite Teilwassermenge eingeleitet wird. Der Tank 8 ist mit einem so genannten Polsterdampf auf leichtem Überdruck gegenüber der Umgebung gehalten, damit Luft oder Kohlendioxid nicht in das Wasser im Tank 8 eingetragen wird. In dem Tank 8 findet ebenfalls eine Wasser-Dampf-Trennung statt, wobei das abgetrennte Wasser einem Tank 9 zugeführt wird, der als Kondensat-Speichertank dient. Der abgetrennte Dampf wird über eine geeignete Leitung dem Kondensator 7 zugeführt. Die Entwässerungsvorrichtung 1 weist des Weiteren einen Tank 10 auf, dessen Eingang über eine Entwässerungsleitung mit einer Dampfleitung 11 zur Zufuhr von Dampf zu der Dampfturbine 3 verbunden ist. Diese Dampfleitung 11 kann dadurch insbesondere beim An- und Abfahren der Dampfkraftanlage 2 entwässert werden, indem das bei der Entwässerung als dritte Teilwassermenge abgeführte Wasser dem Tank 10 zugeleitet wird. Das bei dieser Entwässerung auftretende Wasser ist sauber. Der Tank 10 ist ein Entspannungs- und Kondensiertank, in dem eine Wasser-Dampf-Trennung statt findet. Das abgetrennte, saubere Wasser wird dem Tank 9 und der abgetrennte, saubere Dampf dem Kondensator 7 zugeführt. Das dem Tank 9 zugeführte Wasserkondensat wird unter Luftabschluss, insbesondere mit Unterstützung von Hilfsdampf, zwischengespeichert und bei Bedarf dem Wasser-Dampfkreislauf wieder zugeführt, indem es in den Kondensator 7 eingespeist wird.The steam power plant 2 includes one or more steam turbines 3, the steam is supplied via a superheater. In the Fig. 1 a combination of the superheater and an evaporator with the reference numeral 4 is shown. The dewatering device 1 contains a tank, which is designed as a separator tank 5 for water-steam separation. An input of the separator tank 5 is connected via a line to an outlet of the evaporator / superheater combination 4. About this line, a first partial amount of water from the superheater is drained, contaminated water discharged into the separator 5 and relaxed to further concentrate the Abschlämmwasser and separate clean water in the form of vapor from the contaminated water. The separated in the separator 5, contaminated and further concentrated water is conveyed via a line in a reprocessing tank in the form of a Abschlämmtanks 21, and processed in a cleaning system or water treatment 6. The treated water can be supplied to a condenser 7 of the steam power plant 2 for further utilization. The separated in the separator tank 5 steam contains no impurities and is introduced into a tank. The tank 8 is a flash tank and condensing tank, which is connected to the evaporator / superheater combination 4 and is introduced into the drained from the superheater, clean water as a second partial amount of water. The tank 8 is held with a so-called pad steam at a slight overpressure relative to the environment, so that air or carbon dioxide is not added to the water in the tank 8. In the tank 8 also takes place a water-steam separation, wherein the Separated water is fed to a tank 9, which serves as a condensate storage tank. The separated steam is fed to the condenser 7 via a suitable conduit. The dewatering device 1 further comprises a tank 10, whose inlet is connected via a drainage line to a steam line 11 for supplying steam to the steam turbine 3. This steam line 11 can be dehydrated in particular by the arrival and departure of the steam power plant 2 by the water discharged during the drainage as a third partial amount of water to the tank 10 is supplied. The water occurring during this drainage is clean. The tank 10 is a flash tank and condensing tank in which a water-steam separation takes place. The separated, clean water is supplied to the tank 9 and the separated, clean steam to the condenser 7. The water condensate supplied to the tank 9 is cached under exclusion of air, in particular with the aid of auxiliary steam, and fed back to the water-steam cycle, if necessary, by being fed into the condenser 7.

Der von den Tanks 8 und 10 in den Kondensator 7 eingeleitete Dampf wird im Betrieb der Dampfkraftanlage 2 im Kondensator 7 kondensiert. Bei Stillstand der Dampfkraftanlage 2 bzw. Nichtverfügbarkeit des Kondensators werden die Verbindungsleitungen vom Tank 8 und vom Tank 10 zum Kondensator 7 geschlossen und der Dampf wird über ein Kühlwassersystem der Dampfkraftanlage 2 gekühlt, kondensiert und das Kondensat dem Tank 9 zugeführt. Das Wasser im Kondensator 7 wird über einen Hotwell in die Dampftrommel der Dampftrommel/Überhitzer-Kombination 4 gepumpt und der erzeugte Dampf anschließend über den Überhitzer der Dampftrommel/Überhitzer-Kombination 4 der Dampfturbine 3 zugeleitet.The introduced from the tanks 8 and 10 in the condenser 7 steam is condensed in the operation of the steam power plant 2 in the condenser 7. At standstill of the steam power plant 2 or unavailability of the capacitor, the connecting lines from the tank 8 and from the tank 10 to the condenser 7 are closed and the steam is cooled by a cooling water system of the steam power plant 2, condensed and the condensate fed to the tank 9. The water in the condenser 7 is pumped via a hotwell into the steam drum of the steam drum / superheater combination 4, and the steam produced is then fed via the superheater to the steam drum / superheater combination 4 of the steam turbine 3.

Auf diese Weise ist es möglich, im Wasser-Dampfkreislauf enthaltene Energie und auch die durch Entwässerungen und Abschlämmungen anfallenden Abwässer und Dämpfe bei Betrieb, Stillstand und auch beim Anfahren der Dampfkraftanlage weitgehend zu nutzenIn this way, it is possible to contain energy contained in the water-steam cycle and also the effluents and vapors produced by dewatering and sludge during operation, Standstill and also to use when starting the steam power plant largely

Im vorliegenden Ausführungsbeispiel wurde der zweite Tank 8 dazu verwendet, Wasser aus der Dampftrommel/Überhitzer-Kombination 4 aufzunehmen. Der Tank 10 wurde dazu verwendet, Wasser aus der Dampfleitung 11 aufzunehmen. Es ist auch möglich, sowohl das Wasser aus der Dampftrommel/Überhitzer-Kombination 4 als auch das Wasser aus der Dampfleitung 11 einem gemeinsamen Tank zuzuführen, in dem dann eine Wasser-Dampf-Trennung vorgenommen werden kann.In the present embodiment, the second tank 8 has been used to receive water from the steam drum / superheater combination 4. The tank 10 was used to receive water from the steam line 11. It is also possible to supply both the water from the steam drum / superheater combination 4 and the water from the steam line 11 to a common tank, in which then a water-steam separation can be made.

Die Fig. 2 zeigt ein zweites Ausführungsbeispiel der erfindungsgemäßen Entwässerungsvorrichtung 1. Die Entwässerungsvorrichtung 1 ist Teil der Dampfkraftanlage 2, die hier drei Dampftrommeln aufweist, die unterschiedliche Druckniveaus haben. Die Dampfkraftanlage 2 enthält hier eine Hochdruck (HD)-Dampftrommel 12 mit einem HD-Druckniveau, eine Mitteldruck (MD)-Dampftrommel 13 mit einem MD-Druckniveau, das niedriger liegt, als das HD-Druckniveau, und eine Niederdruck (ND)-Drucktrommel 14 mit einem ND-Druckniveau, das niedriger liegt, als das MD-Druckniveau. Mit den Dampftrommeln 12, 13, 14 und zugehörigen Verdampfern wird im Betrieb Dampf aus Wasser erzeugt. Dieser Dampf wird über den Dampftrommeln 12, 13, 14 der verschiedenen Druckniveaus zugeordnete Überhitzer 15, 16, 17 und Dampfleitungen 18, 19, 20 den Dampfturbinen 3 der Dampfkraftanlage 2 zugeführt.The Fig. 2 shows a second embodiment of the dewatering device according to the invention 1. The dewatering device 1 is part of the steam power plant 2, which here has three steam drums, which have different pressure levels. The steam power plant 2 here includes a high pressure (HD) steam drum 12 having an HD pressure level, a medium pressure (MD) steam drum 13 having an MD pressure level lower than the HD pressure level, and a low pressure (ND). Print drum 14 with a ND pressure level that is lower than the MD pressure level. With the steam drums 12, 13, 14 and associated evaporators steam is generated from water during operation. This steam is supplied to the steam turbines 3 of the steam power plant 2 via the steam drums 12, 13, 14 of the various pressure levels associated superheater 15, 16, 17 and steam lines 18, 19, 20.

Die drei Dampftrommeln 12, 13, 14 sind jeweils mit dem Abscheiderbehälter 5 verbunden, um aus ihnen abgeschlämmtes, verunreinigtes Wasser einzuleiten. Das im Abscheiderbehälter 5 abgetrennte, verunreinigte Wasser wird einem Abschlämmtank 21 zum Speichern des verunreinigten Wassers zugeleitet. Diesem Abschlämmtank 21 können auch weitere verunreinigte Flüssigkeiten zugeführt werden. Die Reinigungsanlage 6 erhält aus dem Abschlämmtank 21 verunreinigte Flüssigkeit, die in der Reinigungsanlage 6 aufbereitet wird. Das aufbereitete Wasser kann anschließend dem Kondensator 7 zugeleitet werden. Der Abscheiderbehälter 5 ist ausgangsseitig des Weiteren mit einem Rohwassertank 22 verbunden. Die drei Überhitzer 15, 16, 17 sind jeweils mit dem Tank 8 zum Einleiten von bei ihrer Entwässerung auftretendem, sauberem Wasser bzw. Dampf verbunden. Die drei Dampfleitungen 18, 19, 20 wiederum sind jeweils mit dem Tank 10 zum Einleiten von bei ihrer Entwässerung auftretendem, sauberem Wasser bzw. Dampf verbunden.The three steam drums 12, 13, 14 are respectively connected to the separator tank 5 to discharge therefrom depleted, contaminated water. The contaminated water separated in the separator tank 5 is fed to a blowdown tank 21 for storing the contaminated water. This Abschlämmtank 21 can also be supplied to other contaminated liquids. The cleaning system 6 receives from the Abschlämmtank 21 contaminated liquid, which is processed in the cleaning system 6. The treated water can then be fed to the capacitor 7. The separator tank 5 is also connected to a raw water tank 22 on the output side. The three superheaters 15, 16, 17 are respectively connected to the tank 8 for introducing clean water or vapor occurring during their drainage. The three steam lines 18, 19, 20, in turn, are each connected to the tank 10 for introducing clean water or steam occurring during their drainage.

Der prinzipielle Aufbau und die prinzipielle Funktionsweise der Entwässerungsvorrichtung 1 gemäß diesem zweiten Ausführungsbeispiel entsprechen denjenigen des ersten Ausführungsbeispiels gemäß der Fig. 1. Insbesondere entsprechen der Aufbau und die Wirkungsweise des Abscheiderbehälters 5, des Tanks 8, des Tanks 9, des vierten Tanks 10, und der Reinigungsanlage 6, sowie der Aufbau der Verbindungsleitungen zwischen diesen Komponenten und den weiteren Komponenten der Dampfkraftanlage 2 dem Aufbau und der Wirkungsweise, wie sie oben anhand des ersten Ausführungsbeispiels beschrieben wurden. The basic structure and principle of operation of the dewatering device 1 according to this second embodiment correspond to those of the first embodiment according to the Fig. 1 , In particular, the structure and operation of the separator tank 5, the tank 8, the tank 9, the fourth tank 10, and the cleaning system 6, as well as the structure of the connecting lines between these components and the other components of the steam power plant 2, the structure and operation, as described above with reference to the first embodiment.

Claims (8)

  1. Method for removing water from a steam plant (2),
    wherein, according to the degree of impurity of a number of partial volumes of water, a separate collection of the relevant partial volumes of water is carried out in a plurality of storage tanks (5, 8, 9, 10, 21) for storing the partial volumes of water and a volume of water is removed from at least one superheater (15, 16, 17) and/or one steam conduit (11; 18, 19, 20), which is used to supply steam to a steam turbine (3) of the steam plant (2), and said volume of water is supplied to one of the storage tanks (8, 9, 10), wherein the volume of water removed from the at least one superheater (15, 16, 17) and/or the steam conduit (11; 18, 19, 20) is supplied to a water-steam circuit of the steam plant (2) without previous water treatment and a volume of water, which is subjected to a first water-steam separation, is removed from at least one steam drum (12, 13, 14), wherein the water separated in the first water-steam separation is supplied to a water treatment plant (6) and the steam separated in the first water-steam separation together with the volume of water removed from the at least one superheater (15, 16, 17) and/or the steam conduit (11; 18, 19, 20) is supplied to a second water-steam separation.
  2. Method according to claim 1,
    characterised in that
    in the second water-steam separation separated water is supplied to the storage tank (9).
  3. Method according to claim 1 or claim 2,
    characterised in that
    in the second water-steam separation separated steam is supplied to a condenser (7).
  4. Method according to claim 1 or claim 2,
    characterised in that
    the water contained in the storage tank (8, 9, 10) is stored isolated from the ambient air.
  5. Device (1) for removing the water from a steam plant (2),
    wherein a plurality of storage tanks (5, 8, 9, 10, 21) for storing partial volumes of water are provided which are arranged such that partial volumes of water with different degrees of impurities can be collected separately from each other, at least one superheater (15, 16, 17) and/or a steam conduit (11; 18, 19, 20), which is used to supply steam to a steam turbine (3) of the steam plant (2), are provided which are each connected to one of the storage tanks (8, 9, 10) for supplying a volume of water removed from the at least one superheater (4; 15, 16, 17) and/or the steam conduit (11; 18, 19, 20) and at least one steam drum (4; 12, 13, 14) and one water treatment means (6) for treating contaminated water are provided, with the at least one steam drum (4; 12, 13, 14) and the water treatment means (6) being connected to each other for supplying a volume of water removed from the at least one steam drum (4; 12, 13, 14), wherein a first separating agent for water-steam separation of the volume of water removed from the at least one steam drum (4; 12, 13, 14) is provided, wherein for water-steam separation the first separating agent is connected to the water treatment means (6) for supplying separated water and to a second separating agent for supplying the separated steam and the at least one superheater (4; 15, 16, 17) and/or the steam conduit (11; 18, 19, 20) for supplying the volume of water removed from the at least one superheater (4; 15, 16, 17) and/or the steam conduit (11; 18, 19, 20) is connected to the second separating agent.
  6. Device according to claim 5,
    characterised in that
    the second separating agent is connected to the storage tank (9) for supplying the separated water and to a condenser (7) for supplying the separated steam.
  7. Device according to one of claims 5 to 6,
    characterised in that
    the storage tanks (8, 9, 10) are sealed tanks.
  8. Steam plant comprising a device according to any one of claims 5 to 7.
EP04787068.8A 2004-01-20 2004-09-30 Method and device for removing water from a steam plant Not-in-force EP1706667B1 (en)

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US20070289304A1 (en) 2007-12-20
IL176839A (en) 2012-12-31
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US7487640B2 (en) 2009-02-10
CN100578083C (en) 2010-01-06
EP1706667A1 (en) 2006-10-04
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IL176839A0 (en) 2006-10-31
CN1926381A (en) 2007-03-07
ES2523848T3 (en) 2014-12-02

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