EP1705453B1 - Composite armor plate for protecting cars and buildings against high kinetic energy rounds. - Google Patents

Composite armor plate for protecting cars and buildings against high kinetic energy rounds. Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1705453B1
EP1705453B1 EP06005843A EP06005843A EP1705453B1 EP 1705453 B1 EP1705453 B1 EP 1705453B1 EP 06005843 A EP06005843 A EP 06005843A EP 06005843 A EP06005843 A EP 06005843A EP 1705453 B1 EP1705453 B1 EP 1705453B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
plate according
armour plate
ultra
compound
hard elements
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EP06005843A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1705453A1 (en
Inventor
Robert Bayer
Stefan Schiele
Norbert Keil
Andreas Pöllner
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Krauss Maffei Wegmann GmbH and Co KG
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Krauss Maffei Wegmann GmbH and Co KG
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41H—ARMOUR; ARMOURED TURRETS; ARMOURED OR ARMED VEHICLES; MEANS OF ATTACK OR DEFENCE, e.g. CAMOUFLAGE, IN GENERAL
    • F41H5/00—Armour; Armour plates
    • F41H5/02—Plate construction
    • F41H5/04—Plate construction composed of more than one layer
    • F41H5/0492—Layered armour containing hard elements, e.g. plates, spheres, rods, separated from each other, the elements being connected to a further flexible layer or being embedded in a plastics or an elastomer matrix
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41H—ARMOUR; ARMOURED TURRETS; ARMOURED OR ARMED VEHICLES; MEANS OF ATTACK OR DEFENCE, e.g. CAMOUFLAGE, IN GENERAL
    • F41H5/00—Armour; Armour plates
    • F41H5/02—Plate construction
    • F41H5/023—Armour plate, or auxiliary armour plate mounted at a distance of the main armour plate, having cavities at its outer impact surface, or holes, for deflecting the projectile

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a composite armor plate for the protection of vehicles or buildings from armor-piercing projectiles with high kinetic energy with the features of the preamble of claim 1.
  • Composite armor plates containing at least one layer of high-hardness elements are known per se.
  • EP 0843149 B1 there is disclosed a composite armor plate containing an inner layer of high density ceramics pellets disposed within a solidified material which may also be cylindrical in shape.
  • EP 0929788 B1 ceramic bodies are described for a composite armor plate, which are cylindrically shaped and have at least one convexly curved end surface.
  • the invention has the object of providing a composite armor plate with the features of the preamble of claim 1 in such a way that an extremely light protection structure is realized against modern ammunition, which is able to ensure even with very close hit locations still excellent ballistic security ,
  • the invention is based on the finding that it is important to realize a favorable impact angle when hitting a projectile, as this leads to an advanced break of the projectile core, especially in the high-hardness cores of modern ammunition. This optimizes the protective effect with a minimum basis weight.
  • the basic idea of the invention is to provide the surfaces of the high-hardness elements facing the firing direction with a conical or pyramid-shaped end face. To the front, the conical or pyramidal surfaces can be closed, for example, open or by a potting compound and a cover layer.
  • the back of the composite panel can be made of a solid Layer which has shock-absorbing properties and for certain applications can also have the highest possible tensile strength.
  • the composite armor plate may be self-supporting mounted in a frame construction or applied to a housing made of armored steel.
  • the high-hardness elements may consist of ceramic materials, that is, for example, of an aluminum oxide ceramic, wherein it has proven to be particularly advantageous if the Al 2 O 3 content is 96-99.9%.
  • the high-hardness elements may also consist of boron carbide, silicon carbide or titanium triborate or else of a metallic material such as hardened steel.
  • the high-hardness elements can be designed and arranged such that they have a round or oval cross-section.
  • Particularly advantageous high-hardness elements have proven to have a cylindrical body.
  • the majority of the high-hardness elements has an overall height in the direction normal to the plate center plane, which is in the range of 13-80 mm.
  • the cylindrical basic body has at least one conical end face, in which the ratio of the cone height to the maximum diameter is in the range of 0.1 to 0.7. Furthermore, it is advantageous if the majority of the high-hardness elements of the cylindrical base body is formed with a ratio between the cylinder height and maximum diameter of 0.4 to 2.5.
  • the tips of the conical or pyramidal faces may be rounded, the ratio between the radius of curvature of the rounded peaks and the diameter of the largest cross-section in a plane parallel to the plate center plane being less than 0.25.
  • the space between the cones or pyramids on the face of the high-hardness elements may be filled with a potting compound which is connected to one or more continuous outer terminations. But it may also be advantageous if the space between the high-hardness elements is formed only to the base of the cones or pyramids on the end faces of the firing direction with a potting compound, such that the cones or pyramids are exposed to the outside.
  • elastomers or plastics e.g. Polyurethane, epoxy resins, polyesters, rubber etc. can be used.
  • Fig. 1 shown high-hard element for a composite armor plate has a cylindrical base body 1 with the height h in the direction normal to the plate center plane PM of in Fig. 3 shown composite armor plate and the diameter d.
  • upper end face 1.1 of the main body 1, which faces the shelling direction in the assembled state of the composite armor plate, is designed outwardly projecting conical.
  • the cone has the height 1.
  • the total height h + 1 shown in the range of 13-80 mm can be shown, while in the conical face 1.1, the ratio between the cone height 1 and maximum diameter d of the body can be in the range of 0.1 to 0.7.
  • the ratio between cylinder height h and maximum diameter d can be 0.4 to 2.5.
  • the tip of the cone or the pyramid can be rounded.
  • the high-hardness element here has a main body 6, whose upper end face 6.1 facing the firing direction in the mounted state of the composite armor plate is conical, the tip of the cone having a rounding 6.11.
  • the ratio between the radius of curvature R1 of the rounded tip and the diameter d of the largest cross section of the base body 6 in a plane parallel to the plate center plane PM is advantageously less than 0.25.
  • the 8 and 9 show an embodiment of a high-hardness element with a cylindrical base body 8, the upper end face 8.1 is cone-shaped and in which the mounted in the assembled state of the composite armor plate facing away from the shooting direction back 8.2 is concave inwardly curved with the radius of curvature R2.
  • Fig. 3 shows in a highly schematic representation of a composite armor plate, the with high-hardness elements after Fig. 1 Is provided.
  • the composite armor plate whose plate center plane is denoted by PM, has in the direction of the gunning facing in Fig. 3 is denoted by "outside", a cover plate 4 and in the side facing away from the shooting direction, the in Fig. 3 is referred to as "inside", ie the back, a base plate 3, which may be constructed in a manner not shown also of several layers having shock-absorbing properties.
  • one or more solid layers may be present, which consist of fiber material having a particularly high tensile strength, that is, for example, aramid, glass fiber, polyamide, carbon fiber, etc.
  • the base plate 3 may be formed in a non-self-illustrated manner as a solid, existing metal layer, wherein the layer may also be part of a vehicle structure. If the base plate 3 is made up of several layers, the outermost layer on the rear side can be a solid layer of metal, in front of which further layers can be arranged. In this case, an air gap or an intermediate layer of soft material can be arranged between the outermost layer of metal and the inner layers. Above the base plate 3, the high-hardness elements 1 are arranged side by side with flat backs 1.2, wherein the main body of adjacent elements 1 may be in contact with each other.
  • the space 5 between the cones 1.1 may be filled with a potting compound, which may be connected to the cover plate 4.
  • the main body 1 of the high-hardness elements can also be arranged within a matrix of a potting compound. It is also possible to leave the spaces 5 between the cones free and fill the space between the basic bodies only to the base of the cone 1.1 with a potting compound, so that the conical tips are exposed to the outside.

Abstract

The plate is provided and installed in a bombardment direction and contains high hard elements. The elements are conically (1.1) or pyramid-shaped (2.1) with surfaces in a bombardment direction and point outwards. The back of the elements consist of solid layer (3) having shock-absorbing characteristics. The solid layer consists of a synthetic material with particularly high tensile strength. The back has a soft layer possessing shock-absorbing characteristics.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Verbundpanzerplatte zum Schutz von Fahrzeugen oder Gebäuden vor panzerbrechenden Geschossen mit hoher kinetischer Energie mit den Merkmalen aus dem Oberbegriff des Patentanspruchs 1.The invention relates to a composite armor plate for the protection of vehicles or buildings from armor-piercing projectiles with high kinetic energy with the features of the preamble of claim 1.

Verbundpanzerplatten, welche mindestens eine Lage aus hochharten Elementen enthalten, sind an sich bekannt.Composite armor plates containing at least one layer of high-hardness elements are known per se.

So ist beispielsweise in DE-A-1578324 eine Verbundpanzerplatte beschrieben, bei der in einer Grundmasse energieverbrauchende Teile eingebettet sind, die als keramische Elemente ausgebildet sind und als Kugeln oder Zylinder ausgebildet sein können.For example, in DE-A-1578324 a composite armor plate described in which energy-consuming parts are embedded in a matrix, which are formed as ceramic elements and may be formed as balls or cylinders.

Der WO97/38848 offenbart eine Verbundpanzerplatte gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1.Of the WO97 / 38848 discloses a composite armor plate according to the preamble of claim 1.

In EP 0843149 B1 ist eine Verbundpanzerplatte geoffenbart, die eine innere Schicht aus hochdichten Keramitpellets enthält, die innerhalb eines verfestigten Materials angeordnet sind und die ebenfalls zylindrische Gestalt aufweisen können.In EP 0843149 B1 there is disclosed a composite armor plate containing an inner layer of high density ceramics pellets disposed within a solidified material which may also be cylindrical in shape.

In EP 0929788 B1 sind keramische Körper für eine Verbundpanzerplatte beschrieben, die zylindrisch geformt sind und wenigstens eine konvex gekrümmte Abschlussfläche aufweisen.In EP 0929788 B1 ceramic bodies are described for a composite armor plate, which are cylindrically shaped and have at least one convexly curved end surface.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine Verbundpanzerplatte mit den Merkmalen aus dem Oberbegriff des Patentanspruchs 1 so auszugestalten, dass ein extrem leichter Schutzaufbau gegen moderne Munitionen realisiert wird, der in der Lage ist, auch bei sehr engen Trefferlagen noch eine hervorragende ballistische Sicherheit zu gewährleisten.The invention has the object of providing a composite armor plate with the features of the preamble of claim 1 in such a way that an extremely light protection structure is realized against modern ammunition, which is able to ensure even with very close hit locations still excellent ballistic security ,

Die Lösung dieser Aufgabe geschieht erfindungsgemäß mit den Merkmalen aus dem kennzeichnenden Teil des Patentanspruchs 1. Vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen der Erfindung sind in den abhängigen Ansprüchen beschrieben.The solution of this object is achieved according to the invention with the features of the characterizing part of claim 1. Advantageous developments of the invention are described in the dependent claims.

Ausgehend von dem bekannten Aufbau von Verbundpanzerplatten mit hochharten Elementen, liegt der Erfindung die Erkenntnis zugrunde, dass es wichtig ist, beim Auftreffen eines Geschosses einen günstigen Auftreffwinkel zu realisieren, da dies besonders bei den hochharten Kernen moderner Munitionen zu einem vorgezogenen Bruch des Geschosskerns führt. Damit wird die Schutzwirkung bei minimalem Flächengewicht optimiert. Der Grundgedanke der Erfindung besteht darin, die der Beschussrichtung zugewandten Oberflächen der hochharten Elemente mit einer kegel- oder pyramidenförmig ausgebildeten Stirnfläche zu versehen. Nach vorne können die Kegel- bzw. Pyramidenflächen beispielsweise offen oder durch eine Vergussmasse und eine Deckschicht abgeschlossen sein. Die Rückseite der Verbundplatte kann aus einer festen Schicht bestehen, die schockabsorbierende Eigenschaften hat und für bestimmte Anwendungen auch eine möglichst hohe Zugfestigkeit aufweisen kann. Die Verbundpanzerplatte kann selbsttragend in einer Rahmenkonstruktion montiert sein oder auf ein Gehäuse aus Panzerstahl aufgebracht werden.Starting from the known structure of composite armor plates with high-hardness elements, the invention is based on the finding that it is important to realize a favorable impact angle when hitting a projectile, as this leads to an advanced break of the projectile core, especially in the high-hardness cores of modern ammunition. This optimizes the protective effect with a minimum basis weight. The basic idea of the invention is to provide the surfaces of the high-hardness elements facing the firing direction with a conical or pyramid-shaped end face. To the front, the conical or pyramidal surfaces can be closed, for example, open or by a potting compound and a cover layer. The back of the composite panel can be made of a solid Layer which has shock-absorbing properties and for certain applications can also have the highest possible tensile strength. The composite armor plate may be self-supporting mounted in a frame construction or applied to a housing made of armored steel.

Die hochharten Elemente können aus keramischen Werkstoffen, also beispielsweise aus einer Aluminiumoxyd-Keramik bestehen, wobei sich als besonders vorteilhaft erwiesen hat, wenn der Al2O3-Gehalt 96-99,9 % beträgt. Die hochharten Elemente können aber auch aus Borkarbid, Siliziumkarbid oder Titantriborat oder auch aus einem metallischen Werkstoff, wie beispielsweise gehärtetem Stahl bestehen.The high-hardness elements may consist of ceramic materials, that is, for example, of an aluminum oxide ceramic, wherein it has proven to be particularly advantageous if the Al 2 O 3 content is 96-99.9%. The high-hardness elements may also consist of boron carbide, silicon carbide or titanium triborate or else of a metallic material such as hardened steel.

Bei besonders vorteilhaften Ausführungsformen der Verbundpanzerplatte können die hochharten Elemente so ausgebildet und angeordnet sein, dass sie einen runden oder ovalen Querschnitt aufweisen. Als besonders vorteilhaft haben sich hochharte Elemente erwiesen, die einen zylinderförmigen Grundkörper besitzen.In particularly advantageous embodiments of the composite armor plate, the high-hardness elements can be designed and arranged such that they have a round or oval cross-section. Particularly advantageous high-hardness elements have proven to have a cylindrical body.

Es hat sich weiterhin als vorteilhaft erwiesen, wenn die Mehrzahl der hochharten Elemente eine Gesamthöhe in Richtung normal zur Plattenmittelebene besitzt, die im Bereich von 13-80 mm liegt.It has also proved to be advantageous if the majority of the high-hardness elements has an overall height in the direction normal to the plate center plane, which is in the range of 13-80 mm.

Weiterhin ist es vorteilhaft, wenn bei der Mehrzahl der hochharten Elemente der hylindrische Grundkörper mindestens eine kegelförmige Stirnfläche besitzt, bei der das Verhältnis der Kegelhöhe zum maximalen Durchmesser im Bereich von 0,1 bis 0,7 liegt. Weiterhin ist es vorteilhaft, wenn bei der Mehrzahl der hochharten Elemente der zylindrische Grundkörper mit einem Verhältnis zwischen Zylinderhöhe und maximalem Durchmesser von 0,4 bis 2,5 ausgebildet ist.Furthermore, it is advantageous if, in the case of the majority of the high-hardness elements, the cylindrical basic body has at least one conical end face, in which the ratio of the cone height to the maximum diameter is in the range of 0.1 to 0.7. Furthermore, it is advantageous if the majority of the high-hardness elements of the cylindrical base body is formed with a ratio between the cylinder height and maximum diameter of 0.4 to 2.5.

Weiterhin können bei einer Mehrzahl der hochharten Elemente die Spitzen der kegelförmigen oder pyramidenförmigen Stirnflächen abgerundet sein, wobei das Verhältnis zwischen dem Krümmungsradius der abgerundeten Spitzen und dem Durchmesser des größten Querschnitts in einer Ebene parallel zur Plattenmittelebene kleiner als 0,25 ist.Furthermore, in a plurality of the high-hardness elements, the tips of the conical or pyramidal faces may be rounded, the ratio between the radius of curvature of the rounded peaks and the diameter of the largest cross-section in a plane parallel to the plate center plane being less than 0.25.

Der Raum zwischen den Kegeln oder Pyramiden an der Stirnfläche der hochharten Elemente kann mit einer Vergussmasse ausgefüllt sein, die mit einer oder mehreren durchgehenden äußeren Abschlusschichten verbunden ist. Es kann aber auch vorteilhaft sein, wenn der Raum zwischen den hochharten Elementen nur bis zur Basis der Kegel oder Pyramiden an den der Beschussrichtung zugewandten Stirnflächen mit einer Vergussmasse ausgebildet ist, derart, dass die Kegel oder Pyramiden nach außen offen liegen.The space between the cones or pyramids on the face of the high-hardness elements may be filled with a potting compound which is connected to one or more continuous outer terminations. But it may also be advantageous if the space between the high-hardness elements is formed only to the base of the cones or pyramids on the end faces of the firing direction with a potting compound, such that the cones or pyramids are exposed to the outside.

Als Vergussmasse können Elastomere oder Kunststoffe, z.B. Polyurethan, Epoxitharze, Polyester, Kautschuk etc. verwendet werden.As potting compound, elastomers or plastics, e.g. Polyurethane, epoxy resins, polyesters, rubber etc. can be used.

Im folgenden werden anhand der beigefügten Zeichnungen Ausführungsbeispiele für eine Verbundpanzerplatte nach der Erfindung näher erläutert.In the following embodiments of a composite armor plate according to the invention will be explained in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

In den Zeichnungen zeigen:In the drawings show:

Fig. 1Fig. 1
in isometrischer Darstellung eine erste Ausführungsform eines hochharten Elements mit zylindrischem Grundkörper für eine Verbundpanzerplatte;in isometric view of a first embodiment of a high hardness element with a cylindrical body for a composite armor plate;
Fig. 3Fig. 3
in einem Querschnitt eine Verbundpanzerplatte, die hochharte Elemente nach Fig. 1 enthält.in a cross section a composite armor plate, the high-hardness elements after Fig. 1 contains.
Fig. 4Fig. 4
in Seitenansicht eine dritte Ausführungsform eines hochharten Elements mit abgerundeter Kegelspitze;in side view, a third embodiment of a high-hardness element with rounded conical tip;
Fig. 5Fig. 5
das hochharte Element nach Fig. 4 in isometrischer Darstellung;the high-hardness element after Fig. 4 in isometric view;
Fig. 8Fig. 8
in einer Darstellung analog Fig. 4 eine fünfte Ausführungsform eines hochharten Elements mit konkaver Rückseite;in a representation analog Fig. 4 a fifth embodiment of a high-hardness element with concave back;
Fig. 9Fig. 9
in einer Darstellung analog Fig. 5 das hochharte Element nach Fig. 8.in a representation analog Fig. 5 the high-hardness element after Fig. 8 ,

Das in Fig. 1 dargestellte hochharte Element für eine Verbundpanzerplatte besitzt einen zylindrischen Grundkörper 1 mit der Höhe h in Richtung normal zur Plattenmittelebene PM der in Fig. 3 dargestellten Verbundpanzerplatte und dem Durchmesser d. Die in Fig. 1 obere Stirnfläche 1.1 des Grundkörpers 1, die im montierten Zustand der Verbundpanzerplatte der Beschussrichtung zugewandt ist, ist nach außen ragend kegelförmig ausgebildet. Der Kegel besitzt die Höhe 1.This in Fig. 1 shown high-hard element for a composite armor plate has a cylindrical base body 1 with the height h in the direction normal to the plate center plane PM of in Fig. 3 shown composite armor plate and the diameter d. In the Fig. 1 upper end face 1.1 of the main body 1, which faces the shelling direction in the assembled state of the composite armor plate, is designed outwardly projecting conical. The cone has the height 1.

Bei dem in Fig. 1 dargestellten Grundkörper kann beispielsweise die Gesamthöhe h+1 im Bereich von 13-80 mm liegen, während bei der kegelförmigen Stirnfläche 1.1 das Verhältnis zwischen Kegelhöhe 1 und maximalem Durchmesser d des Grundkörpers im Bereich von 0,1 bis 0,7 liegen kann. Das Verhältnis zwischen Zylinderhöhe h und maximalem Durchmesser d kann 0,4 bis 2,5 betragen.At the in Fig. 1 For example, the total height h + 1 shown in the range of 13-80 mm can be shown, while in the conical face 1.1, the ratio between the cone height 1 and maximum diameter d of the body can be in the range of 0.1 to 0.7. The ratio between cylinder height h and maximum diameter d can be 0.4 to 2.5.

Bei allen Ausführungsformen der hochharten Elemente kann jeweils die Spitze des Kegels oder der Pyramide abgerundet ausgebildet sein. Eine derartige Ausführungsform ist beispielsweise in Fig. 4 und 5 dargestellt. Das hochharte Element besitzt hier einen Grundkörper 6, dessen im montierten Zustand der Verbundpanzerplatte der Beschussrichtung zugewandte obere Stirnfläche 6.1 kegelförmig ausgebildet ist, wobei die Spitze des Kegels eine Abrundung 6.11 besitzt. Das Verhältnis zwischen dem Krümmungsradius R1 der abgerundeten Spitze und dem Durchmesser d des größten Querschnitts des Grundkörpers 6 in einer Ebene parallel zur Plattenmittelebene PM ist vorteilhaft kleiner als 0,25.In all embodiments of the high-hardness elements, in each case the tip of the cone or the pyramid can be rounded. Such an embodiment is for example in 4 and 5 shown. The high-hardness element here has a main body 6, whose upper end face 6.1 facing the firing direction in the mounted state of the composite armor plate is conical, the tip of the cone having a rounding 6.11. The ratio between the radius of curvature R1 of the rounded tip and the diameter d of the largest cross section of the base body 6 in a plane parallel to the plate center plane PM is advantageously less than 0.25.

Die Fig. 8 und 9 zeigen ein Ausführungsbeispiel eines hochharten Elements mit einem zylindrischen Grundkörper 8, dessen obere Stirnfläche 8.1 kegelförmig ausgebildet ist und bei dem die im montierten Zustand der Verbundpanzerplatte von der Beschussrichtung abgewandte Rückseite 8.2 konkav nach innen gekrümmt mit dem Krümmungsradius R2 ausgebildet ist.The 8 and 9 show an embodiment of a high-hardness element with a cylindrical base body 8, the upper end face 8.1 is cone-shaped and in which the mounted in the assembled state of the composite armor plate facing away from the shooting direction back 8.2 is concave inwardly curved with the radius of curvature R2.

Fig. 3 zeigt in stark schematisierter Darstellung eine Verbundpanzerplatte, die mit hochharten Elementen nach Fig. 1 ausgestattet ist. Fig. 3 shows in a highly schematic representation of a composite armor plate, the with high-hardness elements after Fig. 1 Is provided.

Die Verbundpanzerplatte, deren Plattenmittelebene mit PM bezeichnet ist, besitzt an der der Beschussrichtung zugewandten Seite, die in Fig. 3 mit "außen" bezeichnet ist, eine Deckplatte 4 und an der von der Beschussrichtung abgewandten Seite, die in Fig. 3 mit "innen" bezeichnet ist, also der Rückseite, eine Grundplatte 3, die in nicht dargestellter Weise auch aus mehreren Schichten aufgebaut sein kann, die schockabsorbierende Eigenschaften besitzen. So können beispielsweise ein oder mehrere feste Schichten vorhanden sein, die aus Fasermaterial mit besonders hoher Zugfestigkeit, also beispielsweise aus Aramid, Glasfaser, Polyamid, Kohlefaser etc. bestehen.The composite armor plate, whose plate center plane is denoted by PM, has in the direction of the gunning facing in Fig. 3 is denoted by "outside", a cover plate 4 and in the side facing away from the shooting direction, the in Fig. 3 is referred to as "inside", ie the back, a base plate 3, which may be constructed in a manner not shown also of several layers having shock-absorbing properties. Thus, for example, one or more solid layers may be present, which consist of fiber material having a particularly high tensile strength, that is, for example, aramid, glass fiber, polyamide, carbon fiber, etc.

Die Grundplatte 3 kann in nicht eigens dargestellter Weise auch als feste, aus Metall bestehende Schicht ausgebildet sein, wobei die Schicht auch Teil einer Fahrzeugstruktur sein kann. Wenn die Grundplatte 3 aus mehreren Schichten aufgebaut ist, kann die äußerste Schicht an der Rückseite eine feste Schicht aus Metall sein, vor der weitere Schichten angeordnet sein können. Hierbei kann zwischen der äußersten Schicht aus Metall und den inneren Schichten ein Luftspalt oder eine Zwischenschicht aus weichem Material angeordnet sein. Oberhalb der Grundplatte 3 sind die hochharten Elemente 1 nebeneinanderliegend mit ebenen Rückseiten 1.2 angeordnet, wobei die Grundkörper nebeneinanderliegender Elemente 1 im Kontakt miteinander sein können.The base plate 3 may be formed in a non-self-illustrated manner as a solid, existing metal layer, wherein the layer may also be part of a vehicle structure. If the base plate 3 is made up of several layers, the outermost layer on the rear side can be a solid layer of metal, in front of which further layers can be arranged. In this case, an air gap or an intermediate layer of soft material can be arranged between the outermost layer of metal and the inner layers. Above the base plate 3, the high-hardness elements 1 are arranged side by side with flat backs 1.2, wherein the main body of adjacent elements 1 may be in contact with each other.

Der Raum 5 zwischen den Kegeln 1.1 kann mit einer Vergussmasse gefüllt sein, die mit der Deckplatte 4 verbunden sein kann. Die Grundkörper 1 der hochharten Elemente können ebenfalls innerhalb einer Matrix aus einer Vergussmasse angeordnet sein. Es ist auch möglich, die Räume 5 zwischen den Kegeln frei zu lassen und den Raum zwischen den Grundkörpern nur bis zur Basis der Kegel 1.1 mit einer Vergussmasse zu füllen, so dass die Kegelspitzen nach außen offen liegen.The space 5 between the cones 1.1 may be filled with a potting compound, which may be connected to the cover plate 4. The main body 1 of the high-hardness elements can also be arranged within a matrix of a potting compound. It is also possible to leave the spaces 5 between the cones free and fill the space between the basic bodies only to the base of the cone 1.1 with a potting compound, so that the conical tips are exposed to the outside.

Claims (21)

  1. Compound armour plate for protecting vehicles or buildings from armour-piercing shells of high kinetic energy, wherein the compound armour plate in the assembled state comprises a front side facing the direction of bombardment and a rear side remote from the direction of bombardment and contains at least one layer of ultra-hard elements, of which the surfaces facing the direction of bombardment are designed in the shape of an outwardly projecting cone (1.1) or pyramid (2.1), characterized in that the ultra-hard elements comprise a cylindrical basic body (1) with a round or oval cross section in a plane parallel to the plate centre plane (PM).
  2. Compound armour plate according to claim 1, characterized in that its rear side comprises at least one solid layer (3) that possesses shock-absorbing properties.
  3. Compound armour plate according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that its rear side comprises at least one solid layer (3) that is made of fibre material of extremely high tensile strength.
  4. Compound armour plate according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that its rear side comprises at least one soft layer (3) that possesses shock-absorbing properties.
  5. Compound armour plate according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that its rear side comprises at least one solid layer (3) that is made of metal.
  6. Compound armour plate according to claim 5, characterized in that the layer made of metal is part of a vehicle structure.
  7. Compound armour plate according to one of claims 2 to 6, characterized in that its rear side is composed of a plurality of layers, the outermost of which is the solid metal layer.
  8. Compound armour plate according to claim 7, characterized in that an air gap is disposed between the outermost layer and the inner layers of the rear side.
  9. Compound armour plate according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the ultra-hard elements (1-1.1, 2-2.1) are made of ceramic materials.
  10. Compound armour plate according to claim 9, characterized in that the ultra-hard elements are made of aluminium oxide ceramic having an Al2O3 content of 96 - 99.9 %.
  11. Compound armour plate according to claim 9, characterized in that the ultra-hard elements are made of boron carbide, silicon carbide or titanium triborate.
  12. Compound armour plate according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the ultra-hard elements are made of metal materials.
  13. Compound armour plate according to one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that the sides (1.2) of the ultra-hard elements remote from the direction of bombardment have a flat surface.
  14. Compound armour plate according to one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that the rear sides of the ultra-hard elements remote from the direction of bombardment have surfaces designed in the shape of an outwardly or inwardly projecting cone or pyramid.
  15. Compound armour plate according to one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that the rear sides of the ultra-hard elements remote from the direction of bombardment have surfaces (8.2) that are designed with a concavely inward curvature.
  16. Compound armour plate according to one of claims 1 to 15, characterized in that the plurality of ultra-hard elements have a total height (h+1) in the direction normal to the plate centre plane (PM) that lies in the region of 13-80 mm.
  17. Compound armour plate according to one of claims 1 to 16, characterized in that of the plurality of ultra-hard elements the cylindrical basic body (1) has at least one conical end face (1.1), of which the ratio of the cone height (1) to the maximum diameter (d) lies in the region of 0.1 to 0.7.
  18. Compound armour plate according to one of claims 1 to 17, characterized in that of the plurality of ultra-hard elements the cylindrical basic body (1) is designed with a ratio between cylinder height (h) and maximum diameter (d) of 0.4 to 2.5.
  19. Compound armour plate according to one of claims 1 to 18, characterized in that of the plurality of ultra-hard elements the points (6.11) of the cone-shaped or pyramid-shaped end faces (6.1) are rounded off, wherein the ratio between the radius of curvature (R1) of the rounded-off points and the diameter (d) of the greatest cross section of the basic body (6) in a plane parallel to the plate centre plane (PM) is less than 0.25.
  20. Compound armour plate according to one of claims 1 to 19, characterized in that the space (5) between the cones or pyramids at the end face of a plurality of ultra-hard elements is filled with a casting compound that is bonded with a continuous outer terminating layer (4).
  21. Compound armour plate according to one of claims 1 to 19, characterized in that the space between the ultra-hard elements is filled with a casting compound only as far as the base of the cone or pyramid at the end faces facing the bombardment side, such that the cones (1.1) or pyramids (2.1) are exposed in an outward direction.
EP06005843A 2005-03-24 2006-03-22 Composite armor plate for protecting cars and buildings against high kinetic energy rounds. Not-in-force EP1705453B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102005013660A DE102005013660A1 (en) 2005-03-24 2005-03-24 Composite armor plate for protecting vehicles or buildings from armor-piercing projectiles with high kinetic energy

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1705453A1 EP1705453A1 (en) 2006-09-27
EP1705453B1 true EP1705453B1 (en) 2009-11-25

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EP06005843A Not-in-force EP1705453B1 (en) 2005-03-24 2006-03-22 Composite armor plate for protecting cars and buildings against high kinetic energy rounds.

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EP (1) EP1705453B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE449949T1 (en)
DE (2) DE102005013660A1 (en)
DK (1) DK1705453T3 (en)
ES (1) ES2335910T3 (en)

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ES2335910T3 (en) 2010-04-06
DK1705453T3 (en) 2010-03-29
EP1705453A1 (en) 2006-09-27
DE502006005435D1 (en) 2010-01-07
ATE449949T1 (en) 2009-12-15
DE102005013660A1 (en) 2006-09-28

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