EP1705261A1 - Verfahren zur Abscheidung einer Verschleißschutzschicht durch thermisches Spritzen - Google Patents

Verfahren zur Abscheidung einer Verschleißschutzschicht durch thermisches Spritzen Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1705261A1
EP1705261A1 EP06111543A EP06111543A EP1705261A1 EP 1705261 A1 EP1705261 A1 EP 1705261A1 EP 06111543 A EP06111543 A EP 06111543A EP 06111543 A EP06111543 A EP 06111543A EP 1705261 A1 EP1705261 A1 EP 1705261A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
coating
alloy
projection
wear
cuniin
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP06111543A
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Per Bengtsson
Laurent Dudon
Gérard Gueldry
Michel Hacala
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
PLASMATEC
Safran Aircraft Engines SAS
Original Assignee
PLASMATEC
SNECMA SAS
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by PLASMATEC, SNECMA SAS filed Critical PLASMATEC
Publication of EP1705261A1 publication Critical patent/EP1705261A1/de
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
    • C23C4/04—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge characterised by the coating material
    • C23C4/06—Metallic material
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
    • C23C4/12—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge characterised by the method of spraying
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D5/00—Blades; Blade-carrying members; Heating, heat-insulating, cooling or antivibration means on the blades or the members
    • F01D5/12—Blades
    • F01D5/28—Selecting particular materials; Particular measures relating thereto; Measures against erosion or corrosion
    • F01D5/288—Protective coatings for blades
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2230/00—Manufacture
    • F05D2230/30—Manufacture with deposition of material
    • F05D2230/31—Layer deposition
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2300/00—Materials; Properties thereof
    • F05D2300/10—Metals, alloys or intermetallic compounds
    • F05D2300/17—Alloys
    • F05D2300/172—Copper alloys
    • F05D2300/1723—Nickel-Copper alloy, e.g. Monel

Definitions

  • the subject of the invention is a thermal spraying method for depositing an anti-wear coating on a mechanical part and, more particularly, a gas turbine engine part made of titanium or titanium alloy such as a fan blade or a fan blade. turbomachine compressor.
  • Blower or compressor blades are a good example of parts subject to wear during turbine operation. These vanes are embedded by their feet in grooves of suitable shape, formed on the periphery of rotating disks, hereinafter referred to as compressor disks or blower.
  • the blade roots move in said grooves under the effect of centrifugal force and vibrations.
  • the shape of the blade roots is adjusted to that of the grooves to allow such relative movements.
  • the observed wear is all the more important that the blade roots and the discs of the blower or the compressor are made of titanium or titanium alloy. Indeed, the coefficient of friction titanium / titanium is quite high.
  • anti-wear coatings which are copper-nickel alloys (CuNi), copper-aluminum alloys (CuAI) or even copper-nickel-indium alloys (CuNiIn). It is generally preferred to use the latter type of alloy (CuNiIn) because it has better mechanical properties at high temperatures.
  • Plasma projection To deposit these alloys on the blade roots, one usually uses a thermal projection method called plasma projection. This method can be implemented using a plasma gun such as that described in the application US 3,145,287 . Plasma spraying involves bringing alloy powder to a plasma torch producing a gas jet at a very high temperature: more than 2,000 ° C. The projection speed of the particles is, in turn, between 100 and 400 m / s.
  • microstructure of the plasma spray deposited coating has a very high porosity and oxidation, which affect the mechanical properties of the coating.
  • this coating adheres poorly on titanium or its alloys. So, in practice, there is a chipping rapid coating that poorly withstands the stresses to which it is subjected during the operation of the turbine.
  • a second type of thermal spraying is also used to deposit anti-wear coatings: the HVOF type thermal spraying for "High Velocity Oxy Fuel", which consists of taking advantage of the combustion of oxygen and a combustible gas such as propane, propylene, hydrogen, or methylacetylene propadiene, to heat and propel grains of alloy powder melted at a very high speed.
  • the temperatures reached with this process are between 1500 and 2000 ° C and the projection speeds between 300 and 700 m / s.
  • An example of HVOF projection base nickel alloy deposition is described in the patent application US5,518,683 .
  • the object of the invention is to propose a new deposition process making it possible to deposit anti-wear coatings which are more resistant to the stresses to which they are subjected than the coatings obtained by the existing processes.
  • the subject of the invention is a process for depositing, by thermal spraying, an alloy of copper, nickel and indium, as an anti-wear coating, on a mechanical part, characterized in that said thermal spray coating type said AC-HVAF, for "Activated Combustion High Velocity Air Fuel".
  • a coating of copper alloy, nickel and indium is deposited because this type of coating is mechanically very resistant to high temperatures.
  • the thermal projection type called AC-HVAF is a known technique which has the main difference with the projection HVOF mentioned above, the use of a mixture of air and a combustible gas such as propane (instead of a mixture of oxygen and gas) that is burned to heat and propel an alloy powder at a very high speed.
  • the projection speed of the fused alloy particles is substantially between 600 and 800 m / s and the temperatures reached vary between 800 and 1500 ° C.
  • the temperatures reached during an AC-HVAF type projection are lower than those reached during a HVOF or plasma type projection. This limits the oxidation of the projected particles.
  • the projection speeds that can be obtained with the AC-HVAF process are higher than the speeds obtained by plasma or HVOF projection.
  • the time between the moment when the particles are projected and the one where they reach the part to be coated, during which the particles are particularly sensitive to oxidation is decreased. This again results in a reduction in the oxidation of the coating.
  • the high kinetic energy of the particles projected onto the part to be coated allows, on the one hand, a better attachment of these particles on this part and, on the other hand, to obtain a more compact coating which has a porosity less than that obtained with the methods used until now.
  • the structure of the coating obtained is unitary and non-lamellar.
  • the reduction of the porosity and the quantity of oxide in the coating does not result in a concrete reduction of the number of potential failure initiators in the microstructure of the coating. This results in a better resistance to mechanical stresses and more particularly to compressive stresses to which the coating is subjected. Since, moreover, the coating is more compact and adheres better to the part which it covers, it is practically seen that the flaking problems occur less rapidly during operation of the gas turbine, and that the lifetime of the coating of the invention is much better than that of known coatings.
  • thermal projection AC-HVAF is by nature a more economical method than the plasma projection.
  • said coating is copper base alloy.
  • said coating is copper base alloy comprising from 30% to 42% of nickel, by weight, and from 2% to 8% of indium, by mass.
  • a copper base alloy comprising from 34% to 38% nickel by weight and from 4% to 6% indium by weight.
  • CuNiIn coatings are interesting coatings because they are mechanically very resistant to high temperatures.
  • the applicant company found that the melting temperatures of CuNiIn alloys were much lower than the temperatures reached during a plasma projection, and lower than those reached during a HVOF type projection. On the contrary, the temperatures reached during an AC-HVAF projection appear to be of the same order as the melting temperatures of CuNiIn alloys. Thus, it is found that using the AC-HVAF process, it is possible to melt a CuNiIn alloy avoiding unnecessary oxidation, linked to too high temperatures. The AC-HVAF process is therefore particularly suitable for depositing CuNiIn coatings.
  • a layer of lubricating varnish comprising, for example, molybdenum disulphide (MoS 2 ) and an organic resin is deposited on the CuNiIn wear-resistant coating after it has been deposited.
  • MoS 2 molybdenum disulphide
  • the CuNiIn coatings have a high roughness and it is recommended to cover it with a layer of varnish with a low coefficient of friction, to promote sliding and limit wear.
  • the CuNiIn coating and lubricant layer gives completely satisfactory results in terms of protection of the part and durability of the coating.
  • a part cited herein is a titanium compressor or turbine engine fan blade
  • the process of the invention can be used to coat any type of part, be it or not in titanium or in one of its alloys.
  • the method can be used to coat at least one of two gas turbine parts, whatever they are, that may be in contact with each other.
  • the graph of FIG. 1 represents on the abscissa the projection speeds in m / s and on the ordinate the projection temperatures in ° C. obtained with different thermal projection methods. On this graph are plotted temperature and velocity ranges, plasma, HVOF and AC-HVAF projections. Moreover, the range of melting temperatures of a CuNiIn alloy is shown.
  • the thickness of the deposited coating was 165 microns but greater thicknesses could have been obtained without particular difficulty.
  • the porosity of the coating measured was less than 1%.
  • the micrograph of FIG. 2 was made on a CuNiIn coating deposited by AC-HVAF, in accordance with the invention, while the micrograph of FIG. 3 was carried out on a CuNiIn coating obtained by plasma spraying.
  • the oxides and porosities appear as black spots among the coating layer 2 deposited on the substrate 1.
  • FIG. 3 To simulate the mechanical stresses at which a fan blade is subjected in use, a device similar to that of FIG. 3 has been made in which a mechanical part 10 which replaces the blade is mounted at its foot 14 inside. a groove 15 defined between two uprights 16a and 16b held in position between two jaws 18. The assembly thus produced is similar to a dovetail assembly. The uprights 16a and 16b here replace the fan disk. The foot 14 of the part 10 has two surfaces 14a and 14b in contact with the uprights 16a and 16b. A cyclic traction force F was exerted on the part 10. The evolution of the force F as a function of time is represented in FIG.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Coating By Spraying Or Casting (AREA)
  • Structures Of Non-Positive Displacement Pumps (AREA)
  • Turbine Rotor Nozzle Sealing (AREA)
EP06111543A 2005-03-23 2006-03-22 Verfahren zur Abscheidung einer Verschleißschutzschicht durch thermisches Spritzen Withdrawn EP1705261A1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR0502865A FR2883574B1 (fr) 2005-03-23 2005-03-23 "procede de depot par projection thermique d'un revetement anti-usure"

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1705261A1 true EP1705261A1 (de) 2006-09-27

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EP06111543A Withdrawn EP1705261A1 (de) 2005-03-23 2006-03-22 Verfahren zur Abscheidung einer Verschleißschutzschicht durch thermisches Spritzen

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US20060216429A1 (de)
EP (1) EP1705261A1 (de)
JP (1) JP2006266264A (de)
CN (1) CN1896312A (de)
CA (1) CA2540266A1 (de)
FR (1) FR2883574B1 (de)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2927997A1 (fr) * 2008-02-25 2009-08-28 Snecma Sa Procede pour tester un revetement de pied d'aube.
FR2927998A1 (fr) * 2008-02-25 2009-08-28 Snecma Sa Machine de test d'un revetement pour pied d'aube.

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JP4692462B2 (ja) * 2006-10-12 2011-06-01 株式会社Ｉｈｉ 摺動構造体及び皮膜形成方法
DE202010018202U1 (de) * 2010-02-18 2014-09-09 Hydac Accessories Gmbh Verbindungsvorrichtung sowie Verwendung eines metallischen Werkstoffes
FR2978931B1 (fr) 2011-08-10 2014-05-09 Snecma Procede de realisation d'un renfort de protection du bord d'attaque d'une pale
US10160697B2 (en) * 2012-08-21 2018-12-25 Uop Llc Methane conversion apparatus and process using a supersonic flow reactor
US9707530B2 (en) * 2012-08-21 2017-07-18 Uop Llc Methane conversion apparatus and process using a supersonic flow reactor
US9689615B2 (en) * 2012-08-21 2017-06-27 Uop Llc Steady state high temperature reactor
US10029957B2 (en) * 2012-08-21 2018-07-24 Uop Llc Methane conversion apparatus and process using a supersonic flow reactor
US9656229B2 (en) * 2012-08-21 2017-05-23 Uop Llc Methane conversion apparatus and process using a supersonic flow reactor
WO2014137380A1 (en) * 2013-03-07 2014-09-12 Thomson Licensing Top-k search using selected pairwise comparisons
CN103276341B (zh) * 2013-05-08 2015-04-08 西安热工研究院有限公司 一种水轮机过流部件耐磨蚀涂层的喷涂方法
CN104775052B (zh) * 2015-04-24 2016-11-30 吴丽清 一种汽车用水泵
US10982310B2 (en) 2018-04-09 2021-04-20 ResOps, LLC Corrosion resistant thermal spray alloy
US11952916B2 (en) * 2020-08-14 2024-04-09 Rtx Corporation Self-lubricating blade root/disk interface
CN112267061A (zh) * 2020-10-13 2021-01-26 泗县金皖泵业有限公司 一种降低水泵运行中水力损失的水泵叶轮加工工艺
CN114703440B (zh) * 2022-04-02 2023-11-17 华东理工大学 一种纳米氧化物分散强化高熵合金粘结层及其制备方法和应用

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US3145287A (en) 1961-07-14 1964-08-18 Metco Inc Plasma flame generator and spray gun
US5271965A (en) * 1991-01-16 1993-12-21 Browning James A Thermal spray method utilizing in-transit powder particle temperatures below their melting point
EP0678590A1 (de) * 1991-09-16 1995-10-25 United Technologies Corporation Beschichtung zum Schützen vor Reibkorrosion
US5518683A (en) 1995-02-10 1996-05-21 General Electric Company High temperature anti-fretting wear coating combination
US5601933A (en) * 1994-03-17 1997-02-11 Sherritt Inc. Low friction cobalt based coatings for titanium alloys
WO1997036692A1 (en) * 1996-03-29 1997-10-09 Metalspray, U.S.A., Inc. Thermal spray systems
US6245390B1 (en) * 1999-09-10 2001-06-12 Viatcheslav Baranovski High-velocity thermal spray apparatus and method of forming materials
US20010026845A1 (en) * 1997-08-11 2001-10-04 Drexel University Method of applying corrosion, oxidation and/or wear-resistant coatings
WO2003073804A2 (fr) * 2002-02-28 2003-09-04 Snecma Services Instrument de projection thermique

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US3145287A (en) 1961-07-14 1964-08-18 Metco Inc Plasma flame generator and spray gun
US5271965A (en) * 1991-01-16 1993-12-21 Browning James A Thermal spray method utilizing in-transit powder particle temperatures below their melting point
EP0678590A1 (de) * 1991-09-16 1995-10-25 United Technologies Corporation Beschichtung zum Schützen vor Reibkorrosion
US5601933A (en) * 1994-03-17 1997-02-11 Sherritt Inc. Low friction cobalt based coatings for titanium alloys
US5518683A (en) 1995-02-10 1996-05-21 General Electric Company High temperature anti-fretting wear coating combination
WO1997036692A1 (en) * 1996-03-29 1997-10-09 Metalspray, U.S.A., Inc. Thermal spray systems
US20010026845A1 (en) * 1997-08-11 2001-10-04 Drexel University Method of applying corrosion, oxidation and/or wear-resistant coatings
US6245390B1 (en) * 1999-09-10 2001-06-12 Viatcheslav Baranovski High-velocity thermal spray apparatus and method of forming materials
WO2003073804A2 (fr) * 2002-02-28 2003-09-04 Snecma Services Instrument de projection thermique

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Title
FRIDRICI V ET AL: "Fretting wear behavior of a Cu-Ni-In plasma coating", SURFACE & COATINGS TECHNOLOGY ELSEVIER SWITZERLAND, vol. 163-164, 30 January 2003 (2003-01-30), pages 429 - 434, XP002340202, ISSN: 0257-8972 *
WIELAGE B: "Abschlussbericht zum Forschungsvorhaben Herstellung SiC-haltiger Verbundschichten für hochbeanspruchte Bauteile und Werkzeuge mittels des HVOF-Verfahrens", 24 May 2001, LEHRSTUHL FÜR VERBUNDWERKSTOFFE, FAKULTÄT FÜR MASCHINENBAU UND VERFAHRENSTECHNIK, TECHNISCHE UNIVERSITÄT CHEMNITZ (DE), XP002389046 *

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2927997A1 (fr) * 2008-02-25 2009-08-28 Snecma Sa Procede pour tester un revetement de pied d'aube.
FR2927998A1 (fr) * 2008-02-25 2009-08-28 Snecma Sa Machine de test d'un revetement pour pied d'aube.
WO2009112756A1 (fr) * 2008-02-25 2009-09-17 Snecma Procede pour tester un revetement de pied d'aube
WO2009112757A1 (fr) * 2008-02-25 2009-09-17 Snecma Dispositif de test d'un revetement pour pied d'aube
US8387467B2 (en) 2008-02-25 2013-03-05 Snecma Method for testing the coating of a vane base
US8408068B2 (en) 2008-02-25 2013-04-02 Snecma Device for testing the coating of a vane base
RU2489702C2 (ru) * 2008-02-25 2013-08-10 Снекма Устройство для испытания покрытия основания лопатки
RU2498265C2 (ru) * 2008-02-25 2013-11-10 Снекма Способ испытания покрытия основания лопатки

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JP2006266264A (ja) 2006-10-05
US20060216429A1 (en) 2006-09-28
FR2883574B1 (fr) 2008-01-18
FR2883574A1 (fr) 2006-09-29
CN1896312A (zh) 2007-01-17
CA2540266A1 (fr) 2006-09-23

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