EP1702177A1 - Verfahren zur abgestuften verbrennung mit optimierter einspritzung von primäroxidationsmittel - Google Patents

Verfahren zur abgestuften verbrennung mit optimierter einspritzung von primäroxidationsmittel

Info

Publication number
EP1702177A1
EP1702177A1 EP04816508A EP04816508A EP1702177A1 EP 1702177 A1 EP1702177 A1 EP 1702177A1 EP 04816508 A EP04816508 A EP 04816508A EP 04816508 A EP04816508 A EP 04816508A EP 1702177 A1 EP1702177 A1 EP 1702177A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
jet
oxidant
fuel
primary
injected
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
EP04816508A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Rémi Pierre Tsiava
Bertrand Leroux
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
LAir Liquide SA pour lEtude et lExploitation des Procedes Georges Claude
Original Assignee
Air Liquide SA
LAir Liquide SA a Directoire et Conseil de Surveillance pour lEtude et lExploitation des Procedes Georges Claude
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Air Liquide SA, LAir Liquide SA a Directoire et Conseil de Surveillance pour lEtude et lExploitation des Procedes Georges Claude filed Critical Air Liquide SA
Publication of EP1702177A1 publication Critical patent/EP1702177A1/de
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
    • F23D14/32—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid using a mixture of gaseous fuel and pure oxygen or oxygen-enriched air
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
    • C03B5/00—Melting in furnaces; Furnaces so far as specially adapted for glass manufacture
    • C03B5/16—Special features of the melting process; Auxiliary means specially adapted for glass-melting furnaces
    • C03B5/235—Heating the glass
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C6/00—Combustion apparatus characterised by the combination of two or more combustion chambers or combustion zones, e.g. for staged combustion
    • F23C6/04—Combustion apparatus characterised by the combination of two or more combustion chambers or combustion zones, e.g. for staged combustion in series connection
    • F23C6/045—Combustion apparatus characterised by the combination of two or more combustion chambers or combustion zones, e.g. for staged combustion in series connection with staged combustion in a single enclosure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
    • F23D14/20—Non-premix gas burners, i.e. in which gaseous fuel is mixed with combustion air on arrival at the combustion zone
    • F23D14/22—Non-premix gas burners, i.e. in which gaseous fuel is mixed with combustion air on arrival at the combustion zone with separate air and gas feed ducts, e.g. with ducts running parallel or crossing each other
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C2900/00—Special features of, or arrangements for combustion apparatus using fluid fuels or solid fuels suspended in air; Combustion processes therefor
    • F23C2900/06041—Staged supply of oxidant

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a staged combustion process using a primary oxidant jet and a secondary oxidant jet, in which the injection of the primary oxidant has been optimized.
  • the performance of a combustion process in an industrial oven must meet two criteria: - limit the release of atmospheric pollutants (NOx, dust, ...) which must be in quantity lower than the limit set by legislation, - control the temperature of the walls of the furnace and of the charge to be heated so as to meet both the constraints relating to the quality of the product subjected to combustion and to energy consumption.
  • An advantageous solution to meet these two criteria is to lower the temperature of the combustion flame and one of the means used is staged combustion.
  • staged combustion of fuels consists in dividing the quantity of oxidant necessary for the total combustion of the fuel into at least two oxidant streams introduced at different distances from the fuel stream.
  • a first stream of oxidant is introduced at very close distance from the fuel stream.
  • This flow closest to the fuel flow is called the primary flow; it allows partial combustion of the fuel at a controlled temperature which limits the formation of NOx.
  • the other oxidant streams are introduced at a greater distance from the fuel than the primary oxidant stream; they make it possible to complete the combustion of fuel which has not reacted with the primary oxidant. These flows are called secondary flows.
  • the document WO 02/081967 describes a process making it possible to implement this type of staged combustion process.
  • the oxidant is separated into three separate streams, which are injected at different distances from the fuel injection point and at different speeds.
  • a first jet of oxidant is injected at a high speed into the center of the fuel jet.
  • a second jet of oxidant is injected with a lower speed at a first distance from the fuel jet.
  • a third jet of oxidant is injected at a second distance from the fuel jet, this second distance being greater than the first distance. It can be useful to implement this type of process with variable burner powers, for example when the oven load changes. It may thus be desirable to use low burner power, i.e. to use the burners with low fuel speed compared to the nominal burner speed.
  • the object of the present invention is to propose a staged combustion process in which it is possible to modify the power of the burner, and in particular to lower it by adding to its nominal power, without this change in power leading to a change in flame direction and deterioration of the oven wall.
  • the invention therefore relates to a method of combustion of a fuel, in which a jet of fuel and at least two jets of oxidant are injected, the first oxidant jet, called primary, being injected in contact with the jet of fuel and in order to generate a first incomplete combustion, the gases resulting from this first combustion still comprising at least part of the fuel, and the second jet of oxidant being injected at a distance from the jet of fuel so as to enter into combustion with the part of the fuel present in the gases from the first combustion, in which the primary oxidant jet is divided into two primary jets:
  • a first jet of primary oxidizer said to be central, injected at the center of the fuel jet, and
  • the invention therefore consists of a staged combustion process in which the oxidant necessary for the combustion of the fuel is divided in the form of two jets.
  • the first jet called primary
  • the primary oxidant jet is divided into two jets injected differently with respect to the fuel jet.
  • the first primary oxidant jet called central
  • the second primary oxidant jet called cladding
  • this process can be implemented by the use of an injection pipe made up of two concentric tubes, one for fuel injection, the other for the central primary oxidant.
  • the injection pipe is placed in a ceramic pipe and the primary cladding oxidizer is injected into the space defined between the pipe and the injection pipe.
  • the end of the injection rod can be set back from or in the same plane as the injection wall in the oven.
  • the amount of oxidant present in the primary oxidant jet is less than the total amount of oxidant necessary for the total combustion of the fuel.
  • the second stream of oxidant makes it possible to supply the quantity of oxidant necessary for the completion of the combustion of the fuel.
  • the second jet of oxidant is injected at a distance from the second jet of primary oxidant, which means that the distance between these two jets is not zero.
  • this distance is at least 80 mm, even more preferably at least 90 mm.
  • the sum of the quantities of all the oxidants injected is substantially stoichiometric, that is to say within a range of plus or minus 15% relative to the stoichiometric quantity necessary for the total combustion of the fuel.
  • the amount of second oxidant generally represents 10 to 98% of the total amount of oxidant injected, preferably 50 to 98%, even more preferably 75 to 98%, the primary oxidant (which corresponds to both the primary oxidant central and the primary cladding oxidant) representing an amount between 2 and 90%, preferably between 2 and 50%, even more preferably between 2 to 25% of the total amount of oxidant.
  • the injection speed of the central primary oxidant jet is greater than the injection speed of the fuel jet.
  • the injection speed of the central primary oxidant jet is generally at least 50 m / s, preferably between 50 and 150 m / s.
  • the injection speed of the fuel jet is preferably greater than the injection speed of the primary cladding oxidant jet, even more preferably between 5 and 15 m / s.
  • the injection speed of the second oxidant jet can be greater than the injection speed of the primary cladding oxidant jet.
  • the distance at which the second oxidant jet is injected and the speed of this second oxidant jet are preferably such that the ratio of the distance defined between the injection point of the central primary oxidant jet and the injection point of the second oxidant jet on the injection speed of the second oxidant jet is between 10 "3 s and 10 " 2 s, preferably between 3.10 "3 s and 8.5.10 " 3 s.
  • This relationship makes it possible to solve the problem of the invention while ensuring a low emission of NO x and an improved flame brightness allowing visual control of the combustion by the operator.
  • a third oxidant jet can be injected at a point located between the injection point of the central primary oxidant jet and the injection point of the second oxidizing jet.
  • the advantage of injecting this third oxidizing jet is that it allows to play on the flow rates between the second and third oxidizing jets and to modify the moment of the burner and the length of the flame so as to control the profile. transfer charge to the oven.
  • the injection speed of the second oxidant jet is greater than or equal to the injection speed of the third oxidant jet.
  • the ratio of the distance defined between the injection point of the second oxidant jet and the injection point of the central primary oxidant jet over the distance defined between the injection of the third oxidant jet and the injection point of the central primary oxidant jet is between 2 and 10.
  • the amount of oxidant present in the third jet is preferably 50 to 75% of the total amount of oxidant injected by the second and third jets, this total amount of oxidant injected by the second and third jets representing 10 to 98% of the total amount of oxidant injected, preferably 50 to 98% , even more preferably 75 to 98%.
  • the distance at which the third oxidant jet is injected and the speed of this third oxidant jet are preferably such that the ratio of the distance defined between the injection point of the central primary oxidant jet and the injection point of the third oxidant jet on the injection speed of the third oxidant jet is between preferably between 1.5.10 "3 s and 4.10 _3 s.
  • the two primary oxidant jets have the same oxygen concentration.
  • the oxygen concentration of the central primary oxidant jet can be greater than the oxygen concentration of the primary cladding oxidant jet and of the second and third jets. - be the case when the supply of high purity oxygen is limited.
  • the oxidant with high oxygen concentration is then injected in the form of the central primary oxidant jet, while air is injected into all s the other oxidant jets
  • the second oxidant jet may itself be made up of a plurality of second oxidant jets.
  • the jets of second oxidant are preferably arranged regularly around the jets of fuel and primary oxidant. This arrangement can also be applied to the jet of third oxidant.
  • the process is preferably carried out with gaseous fuels. If the fuel is liquid, then it is desirable that an atomizing gas is used to atomize the liquid; according to the invention, the atomizing gas can be the oxidant, in particular air or oxygen. The atomizing gas can be introduced in place of the cladding oxidant and / or in place of the central oxidant.
  • the invention relates to the use of the above method for heating a glass charge or for a reheating oven.
  • the implementation of the method according to the invention makes it possible to achieve the objective of a stretched flame, that is to say of a flame not deviating towards a wall of the furnace.
  • FIG. 1 illustrates a device for implementing the method according to the invention.
  • FIG. 1 represents a part of the device which is designed symmetrically with respect to the axis AA '.
  • Figure 1 gives a front view of the device and the corresponding section along the axis BB ".
  • the device consists of openings 5, 6, 7 drilled in the wall of the furnace 8 and an injection rod 9 consisting two coaxial tubes.
  • the injection rod is placed in the opening 5.
  • This opening 5 is wide enough for a free space 10 exists between the outer tube of the cane and the wall of the opening.
  • primary 2, 3 is injected both into the central tube of the cane 9 and into the free space 10.
  • the fuel 1 is injected into the space defined between the inner tube and the outer tube of the injection cane 9
  • the second oxidant 4 is injected into the opening 7 furthest from the central opening 5.
  • the third oxidizing 11 is injected into the intermediate opening 6.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Gas Burners (AREA)
  • Pre-Mixing And Non-Premixing Gas Burner (AREA)
EP04816508A 2003-12-16 2004-12-06 Verfahren zur abgestuften verbrennung mit optimierter einspritzung von primäroxidationsmittel Ceased EP1702177A1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR0351078A FR2863692B1 (fr) 2003-12-16 2003-12-16 Procede de combustion etagee avec injection optimisee de l'oxydant primaire
PCT/FR2004/050654 WO2005059440A1 (fr) 2003-12-16 2004-12-06 Procede de combustion etagee avec injection optimisee de l'oxydant primaire

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1702177A1 true EP1702177A1 (de) 2006-09-20

Family

ID=34610756

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP04816508A Ceased EP1702177A1 (de) 2003-12-16 2004-12-06 Verfahren zur abgestuften verbrennung mit optimierter einspritzung von primäroxidationsmittel

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US8714969B2 (de)
EP (1) EP1702177A1 (de)
JP (1) JP4713496B2 (de)
CN (1) CN100460757C (de)
FR (1) FR2863692B1 (de)
RU (1) RU2361148C2 (de)
WO (1) WO2005059440A1 (de)

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FR2918657B1 (fr) * 2007-07-10 2010-11-12 Air Liquide Four et procede oxy-combustible pour la fusion de matieres vitrifiables.
FR2927409B1 (fr) * 2008-02-11 2013-01-04 Air Liquide Procede de chauffage d'un cru mineral dans un four de cuisson de type four tunnel
US7775791B2 (en) 2008-02-25 2010-08-17 General Electric Company Method and apparatus for staged combustion of air and fuel
US20090312736A1 (en) * 2008-06-17 2009-12-17 Arquest, Inc. Hybrid stretch ear and absorbent article including the same
MX2010014204A (es) * 2008-07-02 2011-05-10 Agc Glass Europe Fuente de alimentación para quemador de oxígeno caliente.
US8632621B2 (en) * 2010-07-12 2014-01-21 L'air Liquide, Societe Anonyme Pour L'etude Et L'exploitation Des Procedes Georges Claude Method for melting a solid charge
DE102010053068A1 (de) * 2010-12-01 2012-06-06 Linde Ag Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur verdünnten Verbrennung
CN102410533A (zh) * 2011-10-27 2012-04-11 中国科学院广州能源研究所 一种旋流三重管燃烧器
US9851102B2 (en) 2012-09-26 2017-12-26 L'Air Liquide Société Anonyme Pour L'Étude Et L'Exploitation Des Procedes Georges Claude Method and system for heat recovery from products of combustion and charge heating installation including the same
US9828275B2 (en) 2013-06-28 2017-11-28 American Air Liquide, Inc. Method and heat exchange system utilizing variable partial bypass
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CN106090894B (zh) * 2016-08-23 2019-10-29 翼特新能源科技（上海）有限公司 一种低NOx的全氧燃烧装置及其燃烧方法和应用
TWI776333B (zh) * 2019-12-31 2022-09-01 法國商液態空氣喬治斯克勞帝方法研究開發股份有限公司 用於燃料燃燒的燃燒器及其燃燒方法

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US20070172781A1 (en) 2007-07-26
JP2007517179A (ja) 2007-06-28
JP4713496B2 (ja) 2011-06-29
CN100460757C (zh) 2009-02-11
FR2863692A1 (fr) 2005-06-17
CN1894541A (zh) 2007-01-10
FR2863692B1 (fr) 2009-07-10
RU2006125444A (ru) 2008-01-27
RU2361148C2 (ru) 2009-07-10
US8714969B2 (en) 2014-05-06
WO2005059440A1 (fr) 2005-06-30

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