EP1700978A2 - Mobile building - Google Patents

Abstract

A mobile building (GN) is constructed from rigid surface elements (F1-F5) and flexible or inflatable surface elements (FX). When transporting the mobile building, the rigid surface elements are assembled in manner that these form a container complete with flooring and partitioned shelves for receiving the inflatable surface elements. The height of the assembled container should be lower than that of the building.

Description

The invention relates to a mobile building, in particular for use as a military command post, military hospital or field camp.

Such mobile buildings are in worldwide use, especially in the so-called military crisis response forces. The requirement to transport the buildings by aircraft and in particular to remove them from the air plays an increasingly important role.

Already known are mobile buildings in the form of cuboid containers, preferably ISO standard containers, with rigid, load-carrying surface elements, eg according to US 5,761,854 , The container described there has additional, lateral extension elements in order to increase the container interior in its width. These expansion elements have in addition to rigid, load-carrying surface elements and flexible surface elements made of textile materials. Due to its dimensions and weight, this container is not suitable for being dropped from the air.

From the EP 1 273 743 A1 mobile buildings are known which consist entirely of inflatable surface elements. These have a low weight and are so well suited for air transport. However, they require an additional transport container, in which they can be safely stored for transport and for settling out of the air. In addition, pre-installation of equipment is not possible in these buildings. These must be separate be transported and the time to commission the building is relatively long.

The invention has for its object to provide an air transportable and luftabsetzbares building that can be quickly built up and put into operation.

This object is achieved with the building according to claim 1. The inventive principle is also applicable to larger building units, which consist of several sub-modules. A corresponding building is the subject of claim. 6

The building according to the invention and its sub-modules are adapted in an excellent manner to the requirements for air transportability and Luftabsetzbarkeit. It consists on the one hand to essential parts of flexible, inflatable materials, which naturally have a low weight. In addition, the building comprises rigid, load-bearing surface elements. With the rigid, load-carrying surface elements, the building can be converted for transport into a stable container housing, inside which the flexible surface elements of the building and - in a particularly advantageous embodiment - pre-installed furnishings can be accommodated. Additional transport containers are not needed.

The height of the container during transport is less than the height of the building itself. This results in low transport dimensions, which is also an important advantage in terms of air transportability and Luftabsetzbarkeit.

Due to the or the inflatable surface elements and the pre-integration of furnishings in the container building of the invention is very quickly operational.

The mobile building can be transported by both airplanes and helicopters and can be lowered from the air by means of load parachutes.

For land transport, a container can be provided with wheels or placed on a motor vehicle or trailer.

Due to the high inherent stability of the container, several containers can be stacked on top of each other for storage and transport.

• Endmodule,
• Mittelmodule,
• Koppelmodule zum Anschluss weiterer Gebäude,

As already mentioned, a building can be constructed from several sub-modules, wherein these sub-modules can be present in several types, in particular as

• end modules,
• Central modules
• Coupling modules for connecting further buildings,

The submodules of the same type are preferably completely identical.

In addition, regardless of the type of sub-modules, the containers are identical in their dimensions.

In one embodiment, a closed building consists of two end modules and a center module. The number of center modules can be increased as desired to increase the building length. In addition, several such buildings can be shot at a right angle to each other by means of the aforementioned coupling modules.

In a particularly advantageous embodiment, the sub-modules on the provided connection surfaces to the neighboring module on temporary, flexible surface elements that can be removed after the coupling of the sub-modules. The rigid, load-carrying surface elements together with the inflatable, flexible surface elements and the temporary surface elements a sub-module thereby form an outwardly completely closed envelope. This is already in the Transportation condition and can also be maintained at all times during construction. Only after the respective sub-modules are connected, the temporary surface elements are removed at the transition between the two sub-modules. This ensures that the interior of the building is completely secured at all times against the ingress of dirt, dust, etc., which is especially for the use of the building as a hospital or laboratory essential.

Fig. 1

ein erfindungsgemäßes, einmoduliges Gebäude im Betriebszustand (Fig. 1a) und im Transportzustand (Fig. 1 b);

Fig. 2

ein erfindungsgemäßes Gebäude aus mehreren Teilmodulen;

Fig. 3

das erfindungsgemäße Gebäude nach Fig. 2 mit zusätzlichen temporären Flächenelementen an den Anschlussflächen benachbarter Teilmodule;

Fig. 4

ein Teilmodul, ausgebildet als Endmodul, im Transportzustand (Fig. 3a) und in mehreren Ansichten im Betriebszustand (Fig. 3b,c);

Fig. 5

ein Teilmodul, ausgebildet als Mittelmodul, im Transportzustand (Fig. 5a) und im Betriebszustand (Fig. 5b);

Fig. 6

ein Teilmodul, ausgebildet als Koppelmodul zum Anschluss an weitere Gebäude, im Transportzustand (Fig. 6a) und im Betriebszustand (Fig. 6b);

Fig. 7

mehrere erfindungsgemäße Gebäude, die über Koppelmodule miteinander verbunden sind;

Fig. 8

das erfindungsgemäße Gebäude nach Fig.1, auf einem Anhänger installiert im Betriebszustand (Fig. 8a) und im Transportzustand (Fig. 8b).

The invention will be explained below with reference to drawings based on embodiments. Show it:

Fig. 1

an inventive, single-module building in the operating state (Figure 1a) and in the transport state (Figure 1 b).

Fig. 2

an inventive building of several sub-modules;

Fig. 3

the building according to the invention of Figure 2 with additional temporary surface elements on the connection surfaces of adjacent sub-modules.

Fig. 4

a submodule, designed as an end module, in the transport state (FIG. 3a) and in several views in the operating state (FIG. 3b, c);

Fig. 5

a submodule, designed as a center module, in the transport state (FIG. 5a) and in the operating state (FIG. 5b);

Fig. 6

a submodule, designed as a coupling module for connection to other buildings, in the transport state (FIG. 6a) and in the operating state (FIG. 6b);

Fig. 7

several buildings according to the invention, which are interconnected via coupling modules;

Fig. 8

the building according to the invention according to Figure 1, installed on a trailer in the operating state (Fig. 8a) and in the transport state (Fig. 8b).

FIG. 1a shows a building G1 according to the invention in the operating state, ie completely built up. As can be seen, the building G1 comprises rigid, load-carrying surface elements F1u, F3, F4, F5, which in particular form the floor and the lower areas of the building walls. The upper areas of the building walls and the roof surfaces are essentially formed by an inflatable, flexible surface element FX. At the two opposite end walls of the building G1 rigid, load-carrying surface elements F1, F2 are present sections extend over the entire building height. In the embodiment shown, an F1 of the rigid surface elements includes a door element T which provides access. However, embodiments are also possible in which both surface elements F1 and F2 each contain a door element.

The two surface elements F1, F2 at the end faces are each divided into two upper F1o, F2o and lower parts F1u pivotally connected about a horizontal axis. The height of the lower part (F1u) of the pivotable surface elements F1, F2 corresponds to the height of the container. The lower part F1u forms part of the side wall of the container in the transport state. The upper part F10 forms part of the upper, horizontal boundary surface of the container.
The described design of the surface elements F1, F2 ensures that on the one hand the stability of the building is substantially increased. On the other hand, the entire surface of the pivotable, rigid surface element F1, F2 is utilized to form rigid surface elements of the container for the transport state. In addition, the pivotability of the surface element ensures a fast assembly and disassembly of the building.

Fig. 1b shows the building in the transport state. It has the shape of a cuboid container, wherein the bottom and peripheral side wall are formed entirely of rigid, load-carrying surface elements F1 u, F4, F6 of the building. The longer side wall of the container comprises three rigid surface elements in three layers, of which only the outermost F6 can be seen in FIG. 1b.
The upper opening of the container is substantially covered by the two folded surface elements F1o, F2o, so that this cover provides additional protection of the container contents. It should be noted, however, that even an open-topped, made of rigid, load-carrying surface elements container meets the requirements for Luftabsetzbarkeit. Inside the container is the inflatable, flexible surface element FX of the building, which are already largely connected along the corresponding edges with the rigid surface elements. Also inside the container are furnishing elements E, eg laboratory cabinets of the building.

The unfolding of the building out of the container now proceeds as follows.

First, the upper parts F1o, F2o of the rigid surface elements F1, F2 on the two end walls about the horizontal axis (this extends along the upper edge of the side wall of the container) is pivoted upwards.
Thereafter, the outer surface elements F6 of the longer side walls of the container about a horizontal axis (this extends along the lower edge of the surface element F6) pivoted down so that they expand the bottom. In the second layer of the longer side walls, two rigid, load-guiding surface elements F3, which are each pivotable about a vertical axis (these extend along the vertical edges of the longer side walls F6), are arranged. Their length is equal to the height of the side wall of the container. They are swung out so that they come to lie in the plane of the two end walls of the building (ie in the plane defined by the surface elements F1, F2). The third, inner layer of a longer side wall is formed by a displaceable surface element F5, which extends over the entire length of the container. It is displaced parallel outwards, wherein it can be guided on the already pivoted horizontal F6 and vertical surface elements F3. The displaceable surface element F5 forms the lower region of a side wall of the building. The lower areas of the building walls and the floor are now formed over the entire circumference of the building of rigid, load-carrying surface elements F1u, F3, F4 and F5. The height of the surface elements F1u, F3, F4 and F5 corresponds to the height of the side walls of the container.
Now the flexible, inflatable surface element FX is inflated. It may, for example, consist of a plurality of chambers or hoses, which can be filled individually. The construction of the building is now complete. Now the furnishing elements E can be positioned. In the present case, the laboratory cabinets are moved outwards to the walls of the building.

Fig. 2 shows an inventive building GN, which is assembled from several sub-modules. It consists in this embodiment of two end modules EM and a center module MM. The structure of end module EM and center module MM is shown in FIGS. 4 and 5 in detail.

4 shows an end module in the transport state (FIG. 4a) and in the operating state in two different views (FIGS. 4b, 4c). The end module has an end face made of a rigid, load-carrying surface element F11 in which a door element T is contained. The rigid surface element F11 forms in this embodiment, the entire front of the building. The surface element F11 is divided into two parts similar to the embodiment of FIG. 1, wherein the upper F11o and the lower part F11u are pivotally connected via a horizontal axis. Rigid, load-bearing surface elements F12, F13, F14, F15 form the floor and the lower areas of the side walls. The upper regions of the side walls and the roof surfaces are formed by an inflatable, flexible surface element FX.

The front side with door element T opposite open side is provided for connection to other sub-modules. In an advantageous embodiment, this opening can be closed with a flexible temporary surface element which does not necessarily have to be inflatable. The connection of the temporary surface elements to the other rigid (F13, F14, F15) or inflatable (FX) surface elements takes place in such a way that the various surface elements together form a shell completely closed to the outside. When building a sub-module is thus ensured that no dirt, dust from the outside penetrates into the sub-module. The sub-module is now attached to the existing building (which also forms an outwardly closed shell), so that the resulting extended building as a whole forms a shell shot down to the outside. As soon as the submodule is attached to the already existing building, the temporary surface elements present at the connection surface between the two neighboring modules can be removed. The use of temporary surface elements ensures that no dirt, dust or other external influences enter the building when assembling the entire building.
The principle of using temporary surface elements can be applied not only to the end modules described here, but also to the connection surfaces of the other module types, eg according to FIGS. 5, 6. For this purpose, FIG. 3 shows a building GN of three submodules, in the interior of which the temporary area elements FT each at the transition of two adjacent submodules EM, MM are present.

In the transport state, the submodule takes the form of a cuboid container with bottom wall and circumferential side wall of rigid, load-carrying surface elements F11u, F12, F14, F15. The upper opening of the container is covered in substantial parts by the folded-over upper part F11o of the surface element F11 of the front side. Inside the container is the inflatable, flexible surface element FX of the building, which is connected along the corresponding edges with the rigid surface elements. Also within the container may be furnishing elements E, e.g. Laboratory cabinets for the building, as well as other equipment or equipment.

The unfolding of the building out of the container now proceeds as follows.
First, at the front side, the upper part F11o of the rigid panel F11 is pivoted and locked upwardly about the horizontal axis (extending along the upper edge of the container's hull wall) to a vertical position. The side wall of the opposite, open side of the du is formed in two layers, wherein in Fig. 3a, only the outer layer (surface element 13) can be seen. Surface element 13 is now pivoted about a horizontal axis (this extends along the lower edge of surface element 13) down so that it expands the ground. The second layer of this side wall is formed by two rigid, load-guiding surface elements F15 which are pivotable about a respective vertical axis (which extends along the vertical edges of the side wall). Their length is equal to the height of the side wall of the container. They are swung out by 90 °, so that they lie in the plane of one of the two shorter side walls F14 of the container and thus extend it. Now the flexible, inflatable surface element FX is inflated. The construction of the building is now complete.

5 shows a submodule, designed as a center module, in the transport state (FIG. 5a) and in the operating state (FIG. 5b).

Rigid, load-bearing surface elements F21, F22, F23, F24a, F24b, F25, F26a, F26b form the bottom and the lower areas of the side walls. The upper regions of the side walls and the roof surfaces are formed by the inflatable, flexible surface element FX. The two end faces of the module are open and intended for the connection of further submodules.

In the transport state, this sub-module takes the form of a cuboid, upwardly open container with bottom F22 and circumferential side wall of rigid, load-carrying surface elements F21, F23, F24a, F24b, F25, F26a, F26b. Therein, the flexible, inflatable surface element FX and optionally furnishing elements E is stowed. The two longer side walls are constructed in two layers. To build the sub-module, the outer surface elements F21, F23, which extend over the entire length of the side wall, pivoted about a horizontal axis down to expand the floor. In the second layer of the side wall there are in each case two further rigid surface elements F24a, F24b; F26a, F26b. They are pivotable about a vertical axis along the vertical edges of the side wall to extend the surface elements F25 of the shorter side wall. The length of the surface elements F24, F26 is identical to the height of the side wall.

Coupled to one another, two end modules EM according to FIG. 4 and a center module MM according to FIG. 5 together form a building GN according to FIG. 2. The lower areas of the building walls are formed over the entire circumference of the building GN by rigid, load-carrying surface elements. The height of the rigid, load-carrying surface elements corresponds to the height of the side walls of a container in the transport state. The height of these surface elements (us thus the height of the container) is advantageously chosen so large that it is greater than the usual working height of a workplace, so for example the height of a work table or a cabinet in laboratory facilities. This ensures that such equipment (eg laboratory cabinets, desks, desks, etc) transported in the container and can be pre-installed in it. When commissioning the building, these furnishings need not be set up or set up first. The building according to the invention can thus be put into operation very quickly. The height of the vertical surface elements (identical to the height of the container in the transport state) is preferably chosen larger than 75 cm, in particular in the range of 80cm - 100 cm.

FIG. 6 shows a further submodule for a mobile building according to the invention, which can be used as a coupling module KM for connection to further buildings.

In particular with regard to the pivoting mechanisms of the rigid surface elements during deployment from the transport state, they are very similar to the center module according to FIG. 5. Like the center module according to FIG. 5, it has two opposite open end faces for the connection of further submodules (end modules, center modules, further coupling modules) of the building. Like in the case of a center module, the coupling module has rigid, load-carrying surface elements for the floor (surface elements F33, F34) as well as for the lower regions of the side walls (surface elements F31u, F35).

Unlike a center module are on the two opposite side walls of the building, which is the connection to other buildings, rigid, load-carrying surface elements F31, F32 available, which extend in sections over the entire building height. The surface elements F31, F32 in particular contain a door element T. The two surface elements F31, F32 are each divided into two upper F31o pivotally connected to horizontal axes (at the level of the upper edge of the container board wall) and lower parts F31u. The upper regions of the side walls and the roof surfaces are essentially formed by the inflatable, flexible surface element FX.

In the transport state, a container with bottom and circumferential side wall again results, the container opening being covered upwards in essential areas by the upper parts F31o, F32o of the surface elements F31, F32. To set up the coupling module, the upper parts F31o, F32o are first pivoted upwards into a vertical position and locked. The further unfolding of the container is identical to the description of FIG. 5 for a central part. Reference is made to this. For example, surface element F35 corresponds to the order a horizontal axis pivotable surface element 24a of Fig. 5. The hull is constructed in two layers in accordance with the middle part shown in Fig. 5.

The coupling modules can not only be used to connect two buildings. They can also be used as center modules within the building, allowing access to the side walls of the building.

In Fig. 7, three buildings according to the invention GN are shown, with two of the buildings are connected with their end faces on the side walls of the third building. Each of the interconnected building GN comprises several sub-modules according to FIGS. 4, 5 and possibly 6. The building is coupled via the coupling modules KM, wherein an additional through-lock S is advantageously present between the buildings GN to be coupled. The lock S can advantageously be transported in one of the containers formed by the sub-modules. The lower areas of the building walls are formed over the entire circumference of the building GN of rigid, load-carrying surface elements. The height of the surface elements corresponds to the height of the side walls of a container in the transport state.
Fig. 8 shows an inventive einmoduliges building (corresponding to Figure 1), which is installed on an all-terrain trailer. In Fig. 8a, the building is shown in the operating state, in Fig. 8b in the transport state in which it is in container form.

As far as no corresponding vehicle is available after the air landing, alternatively, individual wheels can be mounted directly on the container.

Claims (19)

Mobile building (G1) consisting of rigid, load-bearing surface elements (F1, F2, F3, F4, F5) and one or more associated inflatable, flexible surface elements (FX), wherein in the transport state, several of the load-carrying, rigid surface elements (F1, F2 , F3, F4, F5) form a cuboid container with bottom and circumferential side walls for receiving the inflatable, flexible surface element (FX), wherein the height of the container is less than the height of the building (G1). Mobile building (G1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the floor and the lower areas of the building walls are formed by the floor and side walls of the cuboid container. Mobile building (G1) according to claim 2, characterized in that the side walls of the container over its entire height form the lower regions of the building walls. Mobile building (G1) according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that the lower regions of the building walls are formed over the entire circumference of the building from the side walls of the container. Mobile building (G1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the upper regions of the building walls and the roof surfaces of the building are formed by the inflatable, flexible surface elements (FX). Mobile building (G1) according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that in the transport state furnishing or equipment (E) housed or pre-installed within the cuboid container. Mobile building (G1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises on at least one side a rigid, load-carrying surface element (F1, F2) which extends over the entire height of the building (G1) and whose upper part (F10 ) can be pivoted against the lower part (F1u), wherein the lower part (F1u) forms part of the side wall of the container. Mobile building (G1) according to claim 7, characterized in that the height of the lower part (F1u) of the pivotable surface element (F1, F2) corresponds to the height of the container. Mobile building (GN), comprising a plurality of sub-modules (EM, MM, KM), the individual sub-modules each having rigid, load-carrying surface elements (F11, F12, F14, F15) and associated one or more inflatable surface elements (FX), wherein Transport state of a submodule (EM, MM, KM) form several of the load-carrying, rigid surface elements of the sub-module a cuboid container with bottom and circumferential side walls for receiving the inflatable flexible surface elements (FX), wherein the height of the container is less than the height of the building , Mobile building (GN) according to claim 9, characterized in that the floor and the lower areas of the building walls of the floor and side walls of the container of the sub-modules (EM, MM, KM) are formed. Mobile building (GN) according to claim 10, characterized in that the side walls of a container over its entire height form the lower regions of the building walls. Mobile building (GN) according to claim 10 or 11, characterized in that the lower regions of the building walls are formed over the entire circumference of the building from the side walls of a container. Mobile building (GN) according to one of claims 8 to 12, characterized in that the upper regions of the building walls and the roof surfaces of the building are formed by the inflatable, flexible surface elements (FX) of the sub-modules (EM, MM, KM). Mobile building (GN) according to one of the preceding claims 9 to 13, characterized in that in at least one of the sub-modules in the transport state furnishings or equipment (E) housed or pre-installed within the cuboid container. Mobile building (GN) according to one of the preceding claims 9 to 14, characterized in that the sub-modules (EM, MM, KM) have at the provided for the connection to the neighboring module openings temporary area elements (FT), which after coupling the individual modules (EM , MM, KM) can be removed. Mobile building (GN) according to claim 15, characterized in that in the transport state of a single module (EM, MM, KM) the rigid, load-carrying surface elements (F11, F12, F14, F15) together with the inflatable, flexible surface elements (FX) and the Temporary surface elements (FT) form a completely closed shell, which is maintained during the construction of the sub-module (EM, MM, KM). Mobile building (GN) according to one of the preceding claims 9 to 16, characterized in that in the transport state the containers of the sub-modules (EM, MM, KM) have identical edge lengths. Mobile building (GN) according to one of the preceding claims 9 to 17, characterized in that it has on at least one side a rigid, load-carrying surface element (F11, F31, F32) which extends over the entire height of the building (GN) and whose upper part (F110, F310, F320) can be pivoted against the lower part (F11u, F31u, F32u), the lower part forming part of the side wall of the container of a submodule (EM, MM, KM). Mobile building (GN) according to claim 18, characterized in that the height of the lower part (F11u, F31u, F32u) of the pivotable surface element (F11, F31, F32) corresponds to the height of the container.

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