EP1692437B1 - Kühlvorrichtung - Google Patents

Kühlvorrichtung Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1692437B1
EP1692437B1 EP04799178A EP04799178A EP1692437B1 EP 1692437 B1 EP1692437 B1 EP 1692437B1 EP 04799178 A EP04799178 A EP 04799178A EP 04799178 A EP04799178 A EP 04799178A EP 1692437 B1 EP1692437 B1 EP 1692437B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
heat exchanger
cooling device
stirling cooler
flow
cooling fluid
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Not-in-force
Application number
EP04799178A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1692437A1 (de
Inventor
Serdar Arcelik Anonim Sirketi CELIK
Emre Arcelik Anonim Sirketi OGUZ
Fatih Arcelik Anonim Sirketi OZKADI
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Arcelik AS
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Arcelik AS
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Arcelik AS filed Critical Arcelik AS
Publication of EP1692437A1 publication Critical patent/EP1692437A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1692437B1 publication Critical patent/EP1692437B1/de
Not-in-force legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F25D11/00—Self-contained movable devices, e.g. domestic refrigerators
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B25/00—Machines, plants or systems, using a combination of modes of operation covered by two or more of the groups F25B1/00 - F25B23/00
    • F25B25/005—Machines, plants or systems, using a combination of modes of operation covered by two or more of the groups F25B1/00 - F25B23/00 using primary and secondary systems
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B9/00—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point
    • F25B9/14—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point characterised by the cycle used, e.g. Stirling cycle
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D7/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
    • F28D7/0008—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits for one medium being in heat conductive contact with the conduits for the other medium
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F1/00—Tubular elements; Assemblies of tubular elements
    • F28F1/02—Tubular elements of cross-section which is non-circular
    • F28F1/022—Tubular elements of cross-section which is non-circular with multiple channels
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F25D11/00—Self-contained movable devices, e.g. domestic refrigerators
    • F25D11/02—Self-contained movable devices, e.g. domestic refrigerators with cooling compartments at different temperatures
    • F25D11/025—Self-contained movable devices, e.g. domestic refrigerators with cooling compartments at different temperatures using primary and secondary refrigeration systems
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D21/00—Heat-exchange apparatus not covered by any of the groups F28D1/00 - F28D20/00
    • F28D2021/0019—Other heat exchangers for particular applications; Heat exchange systems not otherwise provided for
    • F28D2021/0028—Other heat exchangers for particular applications; Heat exchange systems not otherwise provided for for cooling heat generating elements, e.g. for cooling electronic components or electric devices
    • F28D2021/0029—Heat sinks

Definitions

  • This invention is about a cooling device operating with Stirling cycle type coolers.
  • Stirling coolers are characterised by a cold surface ensuring the absorption of thermal energy from the external medium, and a hot surface ensuring the rejection of the thermal energy by compression generated by a piston that is reciprocated by a linear engine.
  • the cold surface absorbs the heat inside the cooler by means of a thermosiphon system, while the hot surface , by means of another thermosiphon system, rejects the absorbed energy outside the cooler.
  • the heat exchangers are to be set on small surface areas of the cold- and hot sides of a Stirling cooler, larger areas are actually needed for these exchangers to transfer the required energy levels, so that a discrepancy may occur between the ideal surface areas for the heat exchangers and the actual areas available for this purpose.
  • the thermal energy inside the cooler is transferred outside by means of a fan-forced heat flow, resulting in increased energy consumption and costs.
  • JP2003075000 a description is given of a heat exchanger mounted on a Stirling cooler, absorbing the thermal energy through its cold surface, and containing a cooling fluid flowing in a hollow region of its body, and cooling fins.
  • JP2003 302117 and US 2003 136 549 disclose a cooling device according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • the aim of this invention is the realisation of a cooling device in which the heat exchange between the cold surface of the Stirling cooler, the inner medium of the device, the hot surface of the Stirling cooler, and the external medium where the energy is expulsed, without using additional fan arrangements.
  • Fig. 1 is a perspective view of the cooling device
  • Fig.2 is a perspective view of a flow pipe
  • Fig.3 is an exploded view of a heat exchanger
  • Fig.4 is a perspective view of a heat exchanger
  • Fig.5 is a frontal view of a heat exchanger
  • Fig.6 is a schematic view of a Stirling cooler
  • Fig.7 is a perspective view of a Stirling cooler where heat exchangers are mounted on both the cold and hot surfaces;
  • Fig.8 is a schematic representation of a Stirling cooler with a finned heat exchanger mounted on its hot surface
  • Fig.9 is a schematic representation of a Stirling cooler with a finned heat exchanger mounted on its cold surface
  • Fig. 10 is a schematic representation of a Stirling cooler with its cold surface covered by an insulating material
  • Fig. 11 is a schematic representation of a Stirling cooler with its hot surface covered by an insulating material
  • Fig. 12 is a schematic representation of a Stirling cooler with both its cold- and hot surfaces covered by an insulating material
  • Fig.13 is a schematic representation of the connection between a heat exchanger and an evaporator
  • Fig. 14 is a schematic representation of the two evaporators in parallel connection with a heat exchanger.
  • Cooling devices (1) like refrigerators, deep freezers, beverage containers, etc. contain a body (20); a Stirling cooler (2) achieving the cooling operation; an evaporator (3) in which circulates a cooling fluid flowing freely or activated by a pump, absorbing the thermal energy present in the internal medium of the cooling device (1); and a condenser (4) containing a cooling fluid flowing freely or activated by a pump, rejecting the heat to the outside of the cooling device (1).
  • the Stirling cooler (2) incorporates a cold surface (5), preferably located inside the body (20), ensuring the absorption of thermal energy from outside during the expansion of the gas contained in the cold side, and a hot surface (6), preferably located outside of the body (20), securing the rejection of the thermal energy during the compression of the gas contained within.
  • the cooling device (1) using the Stirling cooler (2) comprises a heat exchanger (7) with condensing effect, tightly attached to the cold surface (5) transferring the heat generated in the evaporator (3) to the cold surface (5) by condensing the cooling fluid, and/or a heat exchanger (7) with evaporating effect, tightly attached to the hot surface (6)) in which flows a cooling fluid and transferring the heat generated at the hot surface (6) by evaporating the cooling fluid coming from the condenser (4).
  • the Heat exchanger (7) contains one or more flow pipe (11) through which the cooling fluid flows, and one or several connection element (12) designed so as to link the section formed by the flow pipe (11) with the pipes coming from the evaporator (3) or from the condenser (4).
  • the heat exchanger (7) is made by superposing flow pipes (11) combined in a way to fully encapsulate the cold surface (5) or the hot surface (6).
  • the connection element (12) could have a single entry and a single outlet or, should more than one evaporator be used, a 3-way or 4-way arrangement could be made.
  • connection element (12) Where pipes coming from the evaporator (3) and/or from the condenser (4) are connected to the heat exchanger (7) by means of a connection element (12), the section through which the cooling fluid flows is modified, preferably increase, ensuring the spreading of the flow whereby the cooling fluid is redistributed in several flow ways, thus increasing the overall flow area and the contact surfaces where the actual heat exchange takes place.
  • the flow pipe (11) comprises a contact surface (8) shaped as a semi-circle so as to touch the cold surface (5) or the hot surface (6) of the Stirling cooler (2); two joint surfaces (9), flattened by bending, ensuring connection with other flow pipes (11) located on both sides of the contact surface (8) and one or more flow channel (10) designed to increase the overall heat exchange surface.
  • the flow pipe (11) is produced by extrusion from aluminium-based material so as to engender e.g. 1mm x 1mm closely-spaced flow channels (10).
  • Annealed Aluminium pressed against a mould conceived to generate 10 to 2o flow channels (10) for a desired section, is transformed in a flow pipe (11) when exiting the mould.
  • Flow pipes (11) to be used as parts of heat exchangers (7) could then be cut at desired lengths.
  • the flow pipes could be taken on a shape easily.
  • the cooling fluid that acquires a liquid state by condensation through the heat exchanger (7) placed on the cold surface (5) of the Stirling cooler (2), acting as a condenser, is then directed to the evaporator (3).
  • the cooling fluid flowing through the evaporator (3) circuit of the cooling device (1) absorbs the heat load in the cabin and is transformed in vapour, reaching the heat exchanger (7) once more, thus completing the cycle.
  • the cooling fluid that evaporates and passes to a gaseous state during its passage through the heat exchanger (7) placed on the hot surface (6) of the Stirling cooler (2), acting as an evaporator, is then directed to the condenser (4).
  • the cooling fluid flowing through the condenser (4) circuit transfers the heat it carries to the external medium, and reaches the heat exchanger (7) again, thus completing the cycle.
  • the cooling fluid condensing in the condenser (4), accumulates in a smaller-diameter pipe when exiting the condenser (4) and forms a column of liquid, and a circulation is initiated in the system due to the differential pressure generated by the column of liquid.
  • the flow rate in the system first increases, until the decrease in the pipe pressure equates the difference of static pressure generated by the column of liquid, and the flow output becomes constant when friction losses due to flow equate the pressure energy of the column of liquid.
  • the cooling liquid circulating inside the evaporator (3) starts evaporating by absorbing thermal energy from inside the cooling device (1). In the vertical line of rotation of the evaporator (3) the cooling fluid appears to be in a gaseous state.
  • the cooling fluid arriving to the heat exchanger (7) located at the cold side entry is distributed to the flow channels (10).
  • the flow area of a single flow channel (10) is much smaller than the flow area of the evaporator (3), the total flow output through the combined flow channels (10) equates the flow output from the evaporator (3).
  • the distribution of the flow output to flow channels (10) lowers the speed of the flow, and as this speed reduction is more important than the speed increase linked to the reduction of the flow area (section), there is no noticeable increase in pressure loss, and the circulation continues.
  • the cooling device (1) contains, apart from the heat exchanger (7) attached to the hot surface (6) of the Stirling cooler (2), a finned heat exchanger (13) attached to the cold surface (5) of the Stirling cooler (2), an airblowing fan (14), and an air channel (15) directing the air flow.
  • the thermal energy present in the interior (cabin) of the cooling device (1) is transferred by forced flow, by means of the fan (14) and the finned heat exchanger (13)
  • the thermal energy on the hot surface (6) is transferred first to the condenser (4) and then to the external medium through the heat exchanger (7).
  • a heat exchanger is mounted on the cold surface (5) of the Stirling cooler (2), and a finned heat exchanger (13) is mounted on the hot surface (6) of the Stirling cooler (2).
  • the heat generated at the hot surface (6) is transferred by forced flow, by means of the fan (14) and the finned heat exchanger (13), while the cold face (5) absorbs the thermal energy by means of the evaporator (7).
  • the heat exchanger (7) located on the cold face (5), or the heat exchanger (7) located on the hot face (6), or both heat exchangers are covered by an insulating material (16). If the heat exchanger (7) located on the hot surface (6) is externalto the body (20), it is preferably not covered by insulating material (16), whereas it is covered by insulating material (16) if it is located inside the body (20). The outer surfaces of the heat exchanger (7) are thus isolated from the surrounding medium, thereby increasing the efficiency of the heat transfer process between the cold surface (5) and the hot surface (6) of the Stirling cooler (2) by the cooling fluid circulating in flow pipes (11).
  • a more efficient cooling is attained as the result of a direct contact between the flow pipe (11) structure contained in heat exchangers (7) and the cold and hot surfaces (5, 6) of the Stirling cooler (2).
  • the cooling performance of the cooling device (1) is improved while energy consumption decreases, as heat transfer between the air inside the cooling device (1) and the cooling fluid circulating in the evaporator (3), or between the external air and the cooling fluid circulating in the condenser (4) are realised at low differential temperatures.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Geometry (AREA)
  • Devices That Are Associated With Refrigeration Equipment (AREA)
  • Separation Using Semi-Permeable Membranes (AREA)

Claims (10)

  1. Kühlvorrichtung (1), umfassend einen Stirling-Kühler (2) mit einer kalten Fläche (5), die die Absorption von Wärmeenergie von außen während der Ausdehnung des im Inneren enthaltenen Gases sicherstellt, und mit einer heißen Fläche (6), die das Ausstoßen der Wärmeenergie aus dem System heraus während der Kondensation des im Inneren enthaltenen Gases sicherstellt; einen Verdampfer (3), der die Wärmeenergie absorbiert, die in dem internen Medium vorliegt, und der ein durch ihn zirkulierendes Kühlfluid enthält; einen Kondensator (4), der die Übertragung der im Inneren absorbierten Wärmeenergie an das externe Medium sicherstellt, und der ein durch ihn zirkulierendes Kühlfluid enthält; einen oder mehrere Wärmetauscher (7), in denen der Abschnitt der Rohre, die von dem Verdampfer (3) und/oder von dem Kondensator (4) kommen, derart modifiziert ist, dass eine Ausbreitung des Kühlfluids möglich ist, und eine Vergrößerung der Übertragungsfläche erreicht wird, an der die Wärmeübertragung stattfindet, indem das Kühlfluid über mehr als einen Durchflussweg verteilt wird, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Wärmetauscher (7) zwei oder mehr übereinander angeordnete Durchflussrohre (11) umfasst, die derart kombiniert sind, dass sie die kalte Fläche (5) oder die heiße Fläche (6) vollständig einschließen.
  2. Kühlvorrichtung (1) nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Durchflussrohr (11) des Wärmetauschers (7) eine Kontaktfläche (8) aufweist, die halbkreisförmig ausgebildet ist, um auf diese Weise einen direkten Kontakt mit der kalten Fläche (5) oder mit der heißen Fläche (6) des Stirling-Kühlers (2) sicherzustellen (9), die einen Kontakt an beiden Seiten der Kontaktfläche (8) sicherstellen, und durch Biegen ausgebildet sind, um eine flache Position zu erreichen, und einen oder mehrere Durchflusskanäle (10), die die Wärmeübertragung mittels eines zirkulierenden Kühlfluids sicherstellen.
  3. Kühlvorrichtung (1) nach den Ansprüchen 1 und 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Wärmetauscher (7) ein oder mehrere Verbindungselemente (12) aufweist, die den Abschnitt, der durch die Spitzen der übereinander angeordneten Durchflussrohre (11), mit den Rohren verbindet, die von dem Verdampfer (3) oder dem Kondensator (4) kommen.
  4. Kühlvorrichtung (1) nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Wärmetauscher (7) ein Verbindungselement (12) mit mehr als einem Zugang (Eingang/Ausgang) aufweist, für den Fall, dass zwei oder mehr Verdampfer (3) benutzt werden.
  5. Kühlvorrichtung (1) nach den Ansprüchen 1 und 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Wärmetauscher (7) eine Kondensationswirkung aufweist, und eng an der kalten Fläche (5) angebracht ist, und das Kühlfluid kondensiert, das von dem Verdampfer (3) in einem gasförmigen Zustand eintrifft, und die Wärme, die diesem Fluid entzogen wird, an die kalte Fläche überträgt.
  6. Kühlvorrichtung (1) nach den Ansprüchen 1 und 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Wärmetauscher (7) eine Verdampfungswirkung aufweist, und eng an der heißen Fläche (6) angebracht ist, und die Wärme, die an der heißen Fläche (6) erzeugt wird, überträgt, indem das Kühlfluid, das in flüssigem Zustand von dem Kondensator (4) eintrifft, in Dampf umgewandelt wird.
  7. Kühlvorrichtung (1) nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, gekennzeichnet durch einen gerippten Wärmetauscher (13), der an der kalten Fläche (5) des Stirling-Kühlers (2) angebracht ist, ein Gebläse (14), das Luft zu dem gerippten Wärmetauscher (13) bläst, und einen Luftkanal (15), der den Luftstrom lenkt.
  8. Kühlvorrichtung (1) nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass ein gerippter Wärmetauscher (13) an der heißen Fläche (6) des Stirling-Kühlers (2) angebracht ist.
  9. Kühlvorrichtung (1) nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Wärmetauscher (7) des Stirling-Kühlers (2), der an der kalten Fläche (5) angeordnet ist, mit einem isolierenden Material (16) beschichtet ist.
  10. Kühlvorrichtung (1) nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die heiße Fläche (6) des Stirling-Kühlers (2), die im Grundkörper (20) angeordnet ist, mit einem isolierenden Material (16) beschichtet ist.
EP04799178A 2003-11-20 2004-11-17 Kühlvorrichtung Not-in-force EP1692437B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
TR200302037 2003-11-20
PCT/IB2004/052464 WO2005050105A1 (en) 2003-11-20 2004-11-17 A cooling device

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1692437A1 EP1692437A1 (de) 2006-08-23
EP1692437B1 true EP1692437B1 (de) 2008-10-08

Family

ID=34617860

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP04799178A Not-in-force EP1692437B1 (de) 2003-11-20 2004-11-17 Kühlvorrichtung

Country Status (6)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1692437B1 (de)
JP (1) JP4512596B2 (de)
AT (1) ATE410647T1 (de)
DE (1) DE602004017048D1 (de)
TR (1) TR200602290T1 (de)
WO (1) WO2005050105A1 (de)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102014224669A1 (de) 2014-12-02 2016-06-02 BSH Hausgeräte GmbH Kältegerät mit einem Wärmekreislauf
JP7164286B2 (ja) * 2016-04-27 2022-11-01 東芝ライフスタイル株式会社 冷蔵庫

Family Cites Families (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS61149657U (de) * 1985-03-01 1986-09-16
US5638900A (en) * 1995-01-27 1997-06-17 Ail Research, Inc. Heat exchange assembly
TW426798B (en) * 1998-02-06 2001-03-21 Sanyo Electric Co Stirling apparatus
JP3751191B2 (ja) * 2000-08-22 2006-03-01 シャープ株式会社 スターリング冷凍システム
JP3784286B2 (ja) * 2001-09-04 2006-06-07 シャープ株式会社 スターリング冷凍機用熱交換器およびスターリング冷蔵庫
JP2003214750A (ja) * 2002-01-23 2003-07-30 Twinbird Corp サーモサイフォン
JP3910096B2 (ja) * 2002-04-10 2007-04-25 シャープ株式会社 スターリング機関用放熱システムおよびそれを備えた冷却庫
BR0202997A (pt) * 2002-07-16 2004-05-25 Brasil Compressores Sa Sistema de refrigeração

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JP4512596B2 (ja) 2010-07-28
EP1692437A1 (de) 2006-08-23
ATE410647T1 (de) 2008-10-15
DE602004017048D1 (de) 2008-11-20
JP2007512497A (ja) 2007-05-17
WO2005050105A1 (en) 2005-06-02
TR200602290T1 (tr) 2007-02-21

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