EP1687106B1 - Structural beam with openings and it's method of manufacturing - Google Patents

Structural beam with openings and it's method of manufacturing Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1687106B1
EP1687106B1 EP04819722A EP04819722A EP1687106B1 EP 1687106 B1 EP1687106 B1 EP 1687106B1 EP 04819722 A EP04819722 A EP 04819722A EP 04819722 A EP04819722 A EP 04819722A EP 1687106 B1 EP1687106 B1 EP 1687106B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
cut
web
halves
beams
universal
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Application number
EP04819722A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1687106A1 (en
Inventor
Andrew Holmes
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ASD Westok Ltd
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Westok Ltd
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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C3/00—Structural elongated elements designed for load-supporting
    • E04C3/02—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces
    • E04C3/04—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal
    • E04C3/08—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal with apertured web, e.g. with a web consisting of bar-like components; Honeycomb girders
    • E04C3/083—Honeycomb girders; Girders with apertured solid web
    • E04C3/086—Honeycomb girders; Girders with apertured solid web of the castellated type
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D47/00—Making rigid structural elements or units, e.g. honeycomb structures
    • B21D47/01—Making rigid structural elements or units, e.g. honeycomb structures beams or pillars
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C3/00—Structural elongated elements designed for load-supporting
    • E04C3/02—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces
    • E04C3/04—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal
    • E04C2003/0404—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal beams, girders, or joists characterised by cross-sectional aspects
    • E04C2003/0443—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal beams, girders, or joists characterised by cross-sectional aspects characterised by substantial shape of the cross-section
    • E04C2003/0452—H- or I-shaped

Definitions

  • This invention relates to improvements in structural beams of the type having a web located between two flanges, in which the web is not continuous, but has apertures therein.
  • the invention seeks to provide a method of producing a cellular beam having a depth less than those produced in accordance with the above mentioned European patent publication number 0324206 .
  • a method of producing a structural beam with openings located in the web which comprises the steps of taking a universal beam, making a first cut generally longitudinally along the web thereof, making a second cut generally longitudinally along the web on a second path differing from the first path of the first cut, separating the cut halves of the beam, removing the material between the first and second cut, and welding the halves together, characterised in that:
  • the ability to be able to specify exactly the depth of the finished cellular beam is useful in a number of end uses. For example, in multi-storey office and car park construction, the floor depth is frequently dictated by client preference and planning constraints. To achieve a precise floor depth using the traditional cellular beam is often impractical. However, a beam produced in accordance with the invention can be made to the exact depth required with the maximum efficiency of steel useage.
  • the cut along the web can be such that any shape and position of openings can be obtained. This is not possible with the cellular beams hitherto produced, which must have regularly spaced openings along their entire length of constant shape and size.
  • the beam produced by the method of the invention differs from welded beams by the use of an extruded section beam as the starting point which produces a superior strength product and moreover can reduce steel wastage.
  • a cellular beam (10) has flanges (12,14) between which extends a web (16).
  • the beam (10) is produced from a universal beam (figure 1(b)), having a depth d which is two-thirds of the depth D of the finished beam (10) shown in figure 1(a).
  • the web (16) of the universal beam is cut along two continuous cutting lines (18,20) and the material (22,23) between the lines (18,20) is removed.
  • the two halves of the beam are separated and one is moved longitudinally relative to the other in order to juxtapose the rectilinear sections (24,26) which are welded together to produce the finished cellular beam (10) illustrated in figure 1(a).
  • the cuts (18,20) are spaced further apart from one another and define a ribbon (28) of material therebetween.
  • the beams are separated and moved longitudinally relative to one another and the adjacent rectilinear portions (24,26) welded together as before.
  • the thickness of the beam in accordance with the invention is less than the thickness D produced in accordance with the above mentioned European patent publication by the amount "x", the width of the narrowest portions of the ribbon (28). As “x" may be varied at will, the thickness of the finished beam may be specified precisely.
  • the ribbon (28) contains a great deal more material and, since the rectilinear portions (24,26) are already opposite one another, the two halves of the beam do not need to be moved longitudinally relative to one another before welding.
  • This produces a beam of thickness d - x i.e. less than the thickness of the original beam by the amount " x " in figure 3(b). That is, in this embodiment, the cellular beam produced is actually of less depth than the universal beam from which it is produced.
  • this construction of beam is preferable to producing a cellular beam from the smaller initial universal beam, either because such is not available or because the section thickness (of the web and/or flanges) of a smaller beam is not sufficient to meet the strength requirements needed.
  • the process of the invention allows cellular beams to be produced of high strength and of a thickness tailored to the end use.

Abstract

A method of producing a structural beam ( 10 ) with openings located in the web, which comprises the steps of taking a universal beam, making a cut ( 18 ) generally longitudinally along the web thereof, making a second cut ( 20 ) along the web on a path differing from the first path of the first cut, separating the cut halves of the beam, and welding the halves together, characterized in that: a width of material or ribbon ( 28 ) is defined by the two cuts ( 18, 20 ) of amount equal to the desired reduction in depth of the finished cellular beam.

Description

  • This invention relates to improvements in structural beams of the type having a web located between two flanges, in which the web is not continuous, but has apertures therein.
  • In our European patent publication number 0324206 there is described a method of manufacturing such beams, which comprises the steps of taking a universal beam, making a cut generally longitudinally along the web thereof, separating the cut halves of the beam, displacing the halves with respect to one another and welding the halves together, characterised in that:
    • a second cut is made along the web, the path differing from the first path of the first cut, the two paths being defined rectalinear sections lying on alternative sides of a longitudinal centre line of the web and at least partly curvalinear sections joining the closest ends of adjacent rectilinear sections. The use of the double cutting approach of this publication allows shapes to be produced which were hitherto impossible. In particular, beams can be produced for circular or oval shaped holes, which may be desirable for aesthetic or other reasons. Previous forms of beam, known as castellated beams, produced by a single cut, could only have hexagonally shaped holes. Beams of this general type will hereafter be referred to as "cellular beams".
  • The depth of such cellular beams is greater than the depth of the beam from which it is cut, and in the normal method of manufacture, essentially no metal is excised during the cutting process, the depth of the finished cellular beam bears a fixed relationship to the depth of the beam from which it is cut. Since steel beams are supplied in a limited number of sizes, it therefore follows that cellular beams produced from them are normally also in a limited number of sizes. For some applications this can be a problem.
  • The invention seeks to provide a method of producing a cellular beam having a depth less than those produced in accordance with the above mentioned European patent publication number 0324206 .
  • According to the present invention, there is provided a method of producing a structural beam with openings located in the web, which comprises the steps of taking a universal beam, making a first cut generally longitudinally along the web thereof, making a second cut generally longitudinally along the web on a second path differing from the first path of the first cut, separating the cut halves of the beam, removing the material between the first and second cut, and welding the halves together, characterised in that:
    • the first and the second cut are spaced apart from each other, thereby defining a width of material or ribbon therebetween.
  • The ability to be able to specify exactly the depth of the finished cellular beam is useful in a number of end uses. For example, in multi-storey office and car park construction, the floor depth is frequently dictated by client preference and planning constraints. To achieve a precise floor depth using the traditional cellular beam is often impractical. However, a beam produced in accordance with the invention can be made to the exact depth required with the maximum efficiency of steel useage.
  • While it is possible to achieve predetermined and precise floor depths using welded plate beams with profiled web openings, such beams are not as strong as those produced in accordance with the invention from a section, i.e. extruded, universal beam.
  • In a particular embodiment of the invention, it is possible actually to reduce the depth of the finished cellular beam to less than that of the universal beam from which it is produced. This has similar advantages in use in buildings where the number of floors is to be maximised within a given overall height for cost or planning constrains.
  • Another advantage of the method of the invention is that the cut along the web can be such that any shape and position of openings can be obtained. This is not possible with the cellular beams hitherto produced, which must have regularly spaced openings along their entire length of constant shape and size. Once again, the beam produced by the method of the invention differs from welded beams by the use of an extruded section beam as the starting point which produces a superior strength product and moreover can reduce steel wastage.
  • The invention will be described further, by way of example, with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:
    • Figures 1(a) and 1(b) correspond to figures 1(a) and 1(b) in the patent publication number 0324206 and illustrate the finished cellular beam and cut pattern respectively;
    • Figures 2(a) and 2(b) correspond to figures 1(a) and 1(b) and illustrate a first embodiment of the present invention; and
    • Figures 3(a) and 3(b) correspond to figures 1(a) and 1(b) and illustrate a second embodiment of the invention.
  • Referring to the drawings, and in particular Figure 1, in the method of EP patent publication number 0324206 , a cellular beam (10) has flanges (12,14) between which extends a web (16). The beam (10) is produced from a universal beam (figure 1(b)), having a depth d which is two-thirds of the depth D of the finished beam (10) shown in figure 1(a). The web (16) of the universal beam is cut along two continuous cutting lines (18,20) and the material (22,23) between the lines (18,20) is removed.
  • After the two cuts have been formed, the two halves of the beam are separated and one is moved longitudinally relative to the other in order to juxtapose the rectilinear sections (24,26) which are welded together to produce the finished cellular beam (10) illustrated in figure 1(a).
  • Turning now to Figure 2, and using like numerals for like parts, the cuts (18,20) are spaced further apart from one another and define a ribbon (28) of material therebetween. The beams are separated and moved longitudinally relative to one another and the adjacent rectilinear portions (24,26) welded together as before. The thickness of the beam in accordance with the invention is less than the thickness D produced in accordance with the above mentioned European patent publication by the amount "x", the width of the narrowest portions of the ribbon (28). As "x" may be varied at will, the thickness of the finished beam may be specified precisely.
  • In an alternative embodiment illustrated in Figure 3, the ribbon (28) contains a great deal more material and, since the rectilinear portions (24,26) are already opposite one another, the two halves of the beam do not need to be moved longitudinally relative to one another before welding. This produces a beam of thickness d - x, i.e. less than the thickness of the original beam by the amount "x" in figure 3(b). That is, in this embodiment, the cellular beam produced is actually of less depth than the universal beam from which it is produced. In certain circumstances, this construction of beam is preferable to producing a cellular beam from the smaller initial universal beam, either because such is not available or because the section thickness (of the web and/or flanges) of a smaller beam is not sufficient to meet the strength requirements needed.
  • While the method has been described in relation to the attaching together of the two halves of a single cut universal beam, it is possible to use halves from different cut universal beams to produce asymmetrical cellular beams. The benefits of asymmetric cellular beams are well established in the construction industry.
  • The process of the invention allows cellular beams to be produced of high strength and of a thickness tailored to the end use.

Claims (9)

  1. A method of producing a structural beam (10) with openings located in the web, which comprises the steps of taking a universal beam, making a first cut (18) generally longitudinally along the web thereof, making a second cut (20) generally longitudinally along the web on a second path differing from the first path of the first cut, separating the cut halves of the beam, removing the material (28) between the first and second cut, and welding the halves together, characterised in that:
    the first and the second cut are spaced apart from each other, thereby defining a width of material or ribbon therebetween.
  2. A method according to claim 1 wherein the width of material or ribbon is of an amount equal to the desired reduction in depth of the finished cellular beam (10).
  3. A method according to claim 1, wherein the depth of the finished cellular beam (10) is less than that of the universal beam from which it is produced.
  4. A method according to claims 1, 2 or 3 wherein the cut (18, 20) along the web can be such that any shape of openings can be obtained.
  5. A method according to any preceding claim, wherein the cut (18, 20) along the web can be such that any position of openings can be obtained.
  6. A method according to any preceding claim, wherein the beams are separated and moved longitudinally relative to one another before being welded together.
  7. A method according to any of claims 1 to 5, wherein the two halves of the beam (10) are not moved longitudinally relative to one another before welding.
  8. A method according to claim 1, wherein two or more universal beams are cut and separated into halves and the halves from different cut universal beams are used to produce asymmetrical cellular beams.
  9. A structural beam (10) obtainable by any of the method claims 1 to 8.
EP04819722A 2003-11-28 2004-11-26 Structural beam with openings and it's method of manufacturing Active EP1687106B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB0327896A GB2408523A (en) 2003-11-28 2003-11-28 Producing a beam with openings in the web
PCT/GB2004/005016 WO2005053873A1 (en) 2003-11-28 2004-11-26 Structural beam with openings

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1687106A1 EP1687106A1 (en) 2006-08-09
EP1687106B1 true EP1687106B1 (en) 2007-11-07

Family

ID=29764404

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP04819722A Active EP1687106B1 (en) 2003-11-28 2004-11-26 Structural beam with openings and it's method of manufacturing

Country Status (9)

Country Link
US (1) US20070272342A1 (en)
EP (1) EP1687106B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE377465T1 (en)
AU (1) AU2004295163B2 (en)
DE (1) DE602004009961T2 (en)
GB (1) GB2408523A (en)
NZ (1) NZ547369A (en)
WO (1) WO2005053873A1 (en)
ZA (1) ZA200604170B (en)

Families Citing this family (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB0510975D0 (en) * 2005-05-31 2005-07-06 Westok Ltd Floor construction method and system
US20080134619A1 (en) * 2006-12-06 2008-06-12 Georgia-Pacific Wood Products Llc I-beam joist having openings formed therein for mechanical access
NL1038775C2 (en) 2011-04-26 2012-10-29 Anne Pieter Driesum COMPOSITE FLOOR AND LIBER FOR THIS.
RU2484214C1 (en) * 2011-12-08 2013-06-10 Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего профессионального образования "ВЯТСКИЙ ГОСУДАРСТВЕННЫЙ УНИВЕРСИТЕТ" (ФГБОУ ВПО "ВятГУ") Method to manufacture light arched girder
GB201202273D0 (en) * 2012-02-09 2012-03-28 Modular Walling Systems Ltd Modular construction system
CN102587574A (en) * 2012-02-29 2012-07-18 王全良 Web beam, preparation method thereof, and overhead structure used for CSI dwelling house and formed by web beam
US9021759B2 (en) * 2012-06-13 2015-05-05 Usg Interiors, Llc Serpentine insert for open web grid
CN103362250A (en) * 2013-05-13 2013-10-23 谢合清 Lattice type sheet steel purline
CA2936423A1 (en) * 2015-07-16 2017-01-16 Les Chantiers De Chibougamau Ltee I-joists and method of fabrication thereof

Family Cites Families (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB498281A (en) * 1937-08-27 1939-01-04 Geoffrey Murray Boyd Improvements in built-up structural members
US2277615A (en) * 1939-09-25 1942-03-24 Townsend Roy Chester Method of making structural beams
US3066394A (en) * 1958-02-05 1962-12-04 Litzka Franz Apparatus for the manufacture of deeply-webbed girders
US2990038A (en) * 1959-05-29 1961-06-27 Diamond Harry Structural beams
FR1322441A (en) * 1962-04-06 1963-03-29 Sawtooth cutting process of the webs of metal beams and other profiles, by punching and shearing
US4586646A (en) * 1985-06-10 1986-05-06 Howard Booher Beam fabricating device
DE3880469T2 (en) * 1988-01-12 1993-12-09 Wescol Structures Ltd Perforated web beam.
SE503425C2 (en) * 1993-10-12 1996-06-10 Volvo Ab End section of a frame beam

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB0327896D0 (en) 2004-01-07
NZ547369A (en) 2008-01-31
ATE377465T1 (en) 2007-11-15
AU2004295163A1 (en) 2005-06-16
AU2004295163B2 (en) 2010-02-18
EP1687106A1 (en) 2006-08-09
DE602004009961D1 (en) 2007-12-20
US20070272342A1 (en) 2007-11-29
GB2408523A (en) 2005-06-01
ZA200604170B (en) 2007-10-31
WO2005053873A1 (en) 2005-06-16
DE602004009961T2 (en) 2008-08-28

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