EP1686034B1 - Sliding bearing for railway vehicles - Google Patents

Sliding bearing for railway vehicles Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1686034B1
EP1686034B1 EP05028582A EP05028582A EP1686034B1 EP 1686034 B1 EP1686034 B1 EP 1686034B1 EP 05028582 A EP05028582 A EP 05028582A EP 05028582 A EP05028582 A EP 05028582A EP 1686034 B1 EP1686034 B1 EP 1686034B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
sliding bearing
leaf spring
ball head
supporting leaf
bearing according
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Active
Application number
EP05028582A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1686034A1 (en
Inventor
Wolfram Höhne
Herbert Büdenbender
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Greenbrier Germany GmbH
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Greenbrier Germany GmbH
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Publication of EP1686034A1 publication Critical patent/EP1686034A1/en
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61RAILWAYS
    • B61FRAIL VEHICLE SUSPENSIONS, e.g. UNDERFRAMES, BOGIES OR ARRANGEMENTS OF WHEEL AXLES; RAIL VEHICLES FOR USE ON TRACKS OF DIFFERENT WIDTH; PREVENTING DERAILING OF RAIL VEHICLES; WHEEL GUARDS, OBSTRUCTION REMOVERS OR THE LIKE FOR RAIL VEHICLES
    • B61F5/00Constructional details of bogies; Connections between bogies and vehicle underframes; Arrangements or devices for adjusting or allowing self-adjustment of wheel axles or bogies when rounding curves
    • B61F5/02Arrangements permitting limited transverse relative movements between vehicle underframe or bolster and bogie; Connections between underframes and bogies
    • B61F5/14Side bearings

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Bearings For Parts Moving Linearly (AREA)
  • Springs (AREA)
  • Character Spaces And Line Spaces In Printers (AREA)
  • Machines For Laying And Maintaining Railways (AREA)

Abstract

The slider has a carrier plate (4) and a friction plate (5), which are spherical movably supported on the longitudinal ends of a leaf bearing spring. A ball-shaped head on which the plates with a lower ball-shaped calotte are supported is upwardly arranged on the ends of the spring. The head is formed as separate component, which is attached at the ends of the spring. The plates have bars, which downwardly overlaps the spring.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Gleitstück insbesondere von Schienenfahrzeugen, welches horizontale Relativbewegungen in Längs- und Querrichtung zwischen Wagenkasten und Laufwerk oder zwischen Laufwerkteilen untereinander zulässt, wobei zwischen den sich relativ zueinander bewegenden Teilen vertikal wirkende Federn angeordnet sind und das federbelastete Gleitstück über eine Gleitplatte die horizontalen Relativbewegungen abdämpft.The invention relates to a slider, in particular of rail vehicles, which horizontal relative movements in the longitudinal and transverse direction between the car body and drive or between drive parts allows each other, wherein between the relatively moving parts vertically acting springs are arranged and the spring-loaded slider on a sliding plate, the horizontal relative movements dampens.

Es ist aus der Praxis bekannt, bei zentrisch, mittels einer Drehpfanne, Drehkranz, Führungszapfen oder ähnlich geführten Drehgestellen elastische Abstützungen zwischen dem Wagenkasten und dem Drehgestellrahmen anzuordnen, die ein Ausdrehen des Drehgestells ermöglichen und die mittels zwischengeschalteten, abgefederten Gleitstücken gedämpfte Relativbewegungen zwischen dem Wagenkasten und dem Drehgestell ermöglichen und eine weitgehend gleichmäßige Belastung durch den Wagenkasten erfolgt, ohne übermäßig große Be- und Endlastung einzelner Räder. Die Anpresskraft der federnden Gleitstücke und damit die Teilentlastung der Führungsmittel des Drehgestells kann durch entsprechende Vorspannung der Federn und Gleitstücke verändert werden.It is known from practice, at central, by means of a rotating pan, turntable, guide pin or similar guided bogies elastic supports between the car body and the bogie frame to allow a turning out of the bogie and the means of intermediate, sprung sliders damped relative movements between the car body and allow the bogie and a largely uniform load through the car body, without excessive loading and end load of individual wheels. The contact force of the resilient sliders and thus the partial relief of the guide means of the bogie can be changed by appropriate bias of the springs and sliders.

Bei den bekannten elastischen Abstützungen ist in der Regel eine feste Gleitplatte vorgesehen, die sich auf ein abgefedertes Gleitstück abstützt. Das abgefederte Gleitstück ist bei den bekannten Ausführungen mit Federelementen versehen, die eine vertikale Einfederung dieses elastischen Gleitstücks in begrenztem Umfang ermöglichen. Durch die Anordnung eines Federelementes zur vertikalen Nachgiebigkeit des Gleitstücks ist die Anordnung von zusätzlichen Führungen erforderlich, damit das Gleitstück bei den Relativbewegungen des Drehgestells zum Wagenkasten exakt geführt wird.In the known elastic supports a solid sliding plate is usually provided, which is supported on a sprung slider. The sprung slider is provided in the known embodiments with spring elements that a vertical deflection of this elastic slider to a limited extent enable. The arrangement of a spring element for vertical compliance of the slider, the arrangement of additional guides is required so that the slider is accurately guided in the relative movements of the bogie to the car body.

Die bekannten Anordnungen von elastischen Abstützungen sind daher in der Regel sehr aufwendig. Ein weiterer Nachteil besteht darin, dass die federnden Gleitstücke auch in belastetem Zustand noch horizontales Querspiel besitzen. Aus dem Spiel resultiert Verschleiß infolge der Dynamik. Hierdurch fehlt bei hohen Geschwindigkeiten der gewünschte Drehhemmungseffekt der seitlichen Gleitstücke, so dass die Drehgestelle zum Schlingern neigen.The known arrangements of elastic supports are therefore very expensive, as a rule. Another disadvantage is that the resilient sliders still have horizontal cross play even in loaded condition. Out of play results in wear due to the dynamics. This lacks the desired rotational inhibiting effect of the lateral sliders at high speeds, so that the bogies tend to roll.

Eine direkt wirkende Drehhemmung zwischen Wagenkasten und Laufwerk ist aus den DE-C-2815375 ( EP-A-0004585 ) und DE-A-2842211 bekannt, bei der die feste Gleitplatte, wie bekannt, mit planer Gleitfläche und das federnde Gleitstück mit etwa konvexer Gleitfläche ausgebildet sind, wobei das federnde Gleitstück aus einer lediglich an ihren Längsenden abgestützten Blattfeder besteht, die längsspielfrei gelagert ist. Nachteilig bei diesen bekannten Ausführungen ist die gleichzeitig auftretende Reibung der Gleitstücke in Längs- und Querrichtung. Während in Längsrichtung eine gewisse Behinderung der Ausdrehbewegung des Laufwerks wünschenswert ist, um ein schlingerndes Laufwerks und damit eine Instabilität zu vermeiden, wird in Querrichtung eine weichere Anbindung des Wagenkastens zur besseren Entkupplung zum Laufwerk gewünscht, um Resonanzen und damit Laufgüteminderungen zu vermeiden.A direct acting rotation inhibition between car body and drive is from the DE-C-2815375 ( EP-A-0004585 ) and DE-A-2842211 known, in which the fixed sliding plate, as known, are formed with a flat sliding surface and the resilient slider with approximately convex sliding surface, wherein the resilient slider consists of a supported only at their longitudinal ends leaf spring, which is stored without play. A disadvantage of these known designs is the simultaneous friction of the sliders in the longitudinal and transverse directions. While in the longitudinal direction some obstruction of the Ausdrehbewegung the drive is desirable to avoid a lurching drive and thus instability, a softer connection of the car body for better decoupling the drive is desired in the transverse direction to avoid resonances and thus Laufgüteminderungen.

Eine solche Vorrichtung ist aus der EP 0 362 329 B1 bekannt, wobei bei Gleitstücken der eingangs genannten Art die Reibung des Gleitstücks an der Gleitplatte in einer der beiden horizontalen Richtungen aufgehoben ist durch Lagerung des Gleitstücks auf Koppelementen, die begrenzt ein unbehindertes oder nahezu ungehindertes Verschieben des Gleitstücks in eine der beiden horizontalen Richtungen (Längs- oder Quer) ermöglichen und das Gleitstück unverschiebbar in die andere der beiden horizontalen Richtungen fixieren.Such a device is from the EP 0 362 329 B1 In sliding pieces of the type mentioned above, the friction of the slider on the sliding plate in one of the two horizontal directions is canceled by mounting the slider on coupling elements, which limits unimpeded or almost unhindered sliding of the slider in one of the two horizontal directions (longitudinal direction). or transverse) and fix the slider immovably in the other of the two horizontal directions.

Durch diese Anordnung wird das Gleitstück in Längsrichtung fest angebunden und wirkt über seine Gegenlager direkt und spielfrei ausdrehhemmend, während das Gleitstück in die andere der beiden Richtungen begrenzt, ungehindert verschiebbar ist und somit eine ungehinderte Anbindung in dieser Richtung gewährleistet. In der Praxis hat sich jedoch gezeigt, dass zwar beim Einlauf in einen Gleisbogen die horizontalen Querkräfte gemindert werden, jedoch in der Geraden kein stabiler Geradeauslauf gegeben ist und hohe Querbeschleunigungen erzielt werden.By this arrangement, the slider is firmly connected in the longitudinal direction and acts via its abutment directly and clearance ausdrehhemmend, while the slider is limited in the other of the two directions, freely displaced and thus ensures unimpeded connection in this direction. In practice, however, it has been shown that although the horizontal transverse forces are reduced when entering a track curve, but in the straight line no stable straight-ahead is given and high lateral accelerations are achieved.

Die GB 608 937A beschreibt eine Anordnung mit einer Blattfeder zur Aufhängung von Rädern für ein Fahrzeug, bei der die beiden Enden der Blattfeder sphärisch beweglich an dem Fahrzeugrahmen befestigt sind. Dadurch soll eine zusätzliche Relativbewegung der Blattfeder um ihre Achse erreicht werden.The GB 608 937A describes an arrangement with a leaf spring for suspending wheels for a vehicle, in which the two ends of the leaf spring are mounted spherically movable on the vehicle frame. As a result, an additional relative movement of the leaf spring about its axis is to be achieved.

Vorliegender Erfindung lag daher die Aufgabe zugrunde ein Gleitstück zu finden, dass beim Einlauf in den Schienenbogen eine relativ niedrige Querkraft zur Ausdrehung erfordert und zum anderen im Geradeauslauf stabile Laufeigenschaften gewährleistet.The present invention therefore an object of the invention was to find a slider that requires a relatively low transverse force to the recess when entering the rail arch and on the other hand ensures stable running properties in straight-ahead.

Diese Aufgabe der Erfindung wird dadurch gelöst, dass das Gleitstück sphärisch beweglich an den Längsenden der als Blattragfeder ausgebildeten Federn gelagert ist. Hierbei ist an den Längsenden der Blatttragfeder nach oben weisend ein Kugelkopf angeordnet, auf dem das Gleitstück mit einer unteren Kugelkalotte gelagert ist. Durch diese Anordnung des Gleitstücks ist gewährleistet, dass die beim Geradeauslauf des Schienenfahrzeuges erzeugten Anregungen zum Schlingern des Laufwerks wirkungsvoll abgedämpft werden und eine Verkantung des Gleitstücks auf seiner Gegenplatte bei vertikalen Unebenheiten des Gleises vermieden werden. Es werden sowohl die Längs- als auch die Querbewegungen des Laufwerks unter dem Wagenkasten wirkungsvoll dosiert abgedämpft. Durch die Anordnung der Gleitstücke an den Längsenden der Blattragfedern wird zudem eine einfache und wirtschaftliche Dämpfung aufgezeigt, die mit wenig Bauelementen auskommt und sich dosiert einstellen lässt.This object of the invention is achieved in that the slider is mounted spherically movable at the longitudinal ends of the leaf spring designed as springs. Here, a ball head is arranged at the longitudinal ends of the leaf support spring facing up, on which the slider is mounted with a lower spherical cap. This arrangement of the slider ensures that the ideas generated when running straight of the rail vehicle suggestions for rolling the drive are effectively damped and tilting of the slider on its counter plate are avoided in vertical bumps of the track. Both the longitudinal and the transverse movements of the drive under the car body are dosed effectively metered. The arrangement of the sliders on the longitudinal ends of the leaf support springs also a simple and economical damping is shown, which requires only a few components and can be adjusted in doses.

Gemäß einem Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung ist der Kugelkopf an den Längsenden der Blattragfeder angeformt.According to one embodiment of the invention, the ball head is integrally formed on the longitudinal ends of the blade support spring.

Gemäß einem zweiten Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung ist der Kugelkopf als separates Bauteil ausgebildet, das an den Längsenden der Blattragfeder befestigt ist.According to a second embodiment of the invention, the ball head is formed as a separate component, which is attached to the longitudinal ends of the Blattragfeder.

Durch diese Ausbildungsvarianten werden Möglichkeiten aufgezeigt, das Gleitstück an vorhandenen Blattragfedern einzusetzen oder beim Neubau durch das Anformen des Kugelkopfes an der Blattragfeder eine noch wirtschaftlichere Ausbildung des Gleitstückes zu ermöglichen.Through these training variants opportunities are shown to use the slider on existing blade support springs or to allow for new construction by molding the ball head on the leaf spring a more economical training of the slider.

Das Gleitstück trägt seitlich nach unten weisend Stege, die die Blattragfeder nach unten überragen, wobei in den Stegen quer unterhalb der Blattragfeder ein das Gleitstück gegen Ausheben sichernder Sicherungsbolzen angeordnet ist. Der Sicherungsbolzen ist mit vertikalem und horizontalem Längsspiel gegenüber der Blattragfeder oder dem Kugelkopf angeordnet. Dieser Sicherungsbolzen verhindert beim Abheben des Wagenkastens von dem Laufwerk ein unbeabsichtigtes Verlieren des Gleitstücks.The slider carries laterally downwardly facing webs, which project beyond the blade support spring down, wherein in the webs transversely below the Blattragfeder a sliding piece against lifting securing bolt is arranged. The safety bolt is arranged with vertical and horizontal longitudinal clearance relative to the leaf spring or the ball head. This safety bolt prevents inadvertent loss of the slider when lifting the car body from the drive.

Bei der Ausbildung als separates Bauteil ist der Kugelkopf als auf das Längsende der Blattragfeder aufgeschobenes und dort befestigtes Gabelstück ausgebildet, auf dessen oberem Gabelteil der Kugelkopf und unter dessen unterem Gabelteil eine quer zur Blattragfeder verlaufende und den Sicherungsbolzen aufnehmende Nut angeordnet ist. Das horizontale und vertikale Spiel des Sicherungsbolzens gegenuber der Blattragfeder oder dem Kugelkopf gewährleistet ein zwängungsfreies Verdrehen der Blattragfeder bei Schienenunebenheiten gegenüber dem Gleitstück.In the embodiment as a separate component of the ball head is pushed as slid onto the longitudinal end of the blade support spring and there fastened fork, on the upper fork part of the ball head and under the lower fork part a transverse to Blattragfeder extending and the safety pin receiving groove is arranged. The horizontal and vertical clearance of the locking bolt against the blade support spring or the ball head ensures a constraint-free rotation of Blattragfeder rail unevenness against the slider.

Das Gleitstück besteht aus einer Trägerplatte, die auf ihrer Oberseite unverschiebbar eine Reibplatte trägt und in der unter der Unterseite vertikal die mit einem Gleiteinsatz versehene Kugelkalotte angeordnet ist.The slider consists of a support plate which carries a friction plate on its upper side immovably and in which under the bottom vertically arranged with a sliding insert spherical cap is arranged.

Einzelheiten der Erfindung werden anhand der Zeichnung in einem Ausführungsbeispiel erläutert.Details of the invention will be explained with reference to the drawing in an embodiment.

Es zeigt:

  • Figur 1 - einen Teilschnitt durch ein Laufwerk mit Blattragfeder und Gleitstück gemäß einer Ausführung der Erfindung
  • Figur 2 - den vergrößerten Ausschnitt "A" der Figur 1
  • Figur 3 - den Schnitt nach Linie III/III der Figur 2
  • Figur 4 - die Draufsicht auf das Gleitstück nach Figur 2
It shows:
  • FIG. 1 - A partial section through a drive with Blattragfeder and slider according to an embodiment of the invention
  • FIG. 2 - the enlarged section "A" of the FIG. 1
  • FIG. 3 - the section according to line III / III of FIG. 2
  • FIG. 4 - The top view of the slider after FIG. 2

In den Figuren 1 - 4 ist die Erfindung anhand eines Ausführungsbeispiels erläutert. Auf dem Laufwerkrahmen (1) ist nahe dessen Querenden mittig eine Blattragfeder (2) über Futterstücke (13) befestigt. Die Blattragfeder (2) trägt an ihren Längsenden je einen nach oben weisenden Kugelkopf (3), auf dem ein aus einer Trägerplatte (4) und einer Reibplatte (5) bestehendes Gleitstück sphärisch gelagert ist, das unter einer Gegenplatte (6) des Wagenkastens (7) längs- und querverschiebbar anliegt. Der Kugelkopf (3) ist dabei als auf das Längsende der Blattragfeder (2) aufgeschobenes und dort befestigtes Gabelstück ausgebildet, auf dessen oberem Gabelteil der Kugelkopf (3) und in dessen unterem Gabelteil eine quer zur Blattragfeder (2) verlaufende Ausnehmung (12) angeordnet ist. Die Trägerplatte (4) weist unten mittig eine mit einem Gleiteinsatz (8) versehene Kugelkalotte (9) auf, in der der Kugelkopf (3) gelagert ist. Seitlich an der Trägerplatte (4) des Gleitstücks sind nach unten weisend Stege (10) angeordnet, die nahe ihren unteren Längsenden quer zur Blattragfeder (2) einen Sicherungsbolzen (11) tragen, der innerhalb der Ausnehmung (12) des unteren Gabelteils des Kugelkopfes (3) verläuft und das Gleitstück (4, 5) gegen Ausheben sichert.In the Figures 1 - 4 the invention is explained with reference to an embodiment. On the drive frame (1) near the transverse ends of a leaf support spring (2) is mounted centrally on food pieces (13). The Blattragfeder (2) carries at its longitudinal ends depending on an upwardly facing ball head (3) on which from a support plate (4) and a friction plate (5) existing slider is mounted spherically, which under a counter-plate (6) of the car body (6) 7) is longitudinally and transversely displaceable. The ball head (3) is designed as a pushed onto the longitudinal end of Blattragfeder (2) and there fastened fork, arranged on the upper fork part of the ball head (3) and in the lower fork part a transverse to Blattragfeder (2) extending recess (12) is. The support plate (4) has at the bottom center with a sliding insert (8) provided spherical cap (9) in which the ball head (3) is mounted. Laterally on the support plate (4) of the slider are pointing down webs (10) arranged near their lower longitudinal ends transversely to the Blattragfeder (2) a safety pin (11) inside the recess (12) of the lower fork part of the ball head ( 3) runs and the slider (4, 5) secures against lifting.

Claims (8)

  1. Sliding bearing in particular for railway vehicles, which allows horizontal relative movements in the longitudinal and transverse directions between a car or wagon body (7) and running gear (1) or between parts of the running gear, vertically acting springs (2) being arranged between the parts which move relative to one another and the spring-loaded sliding bearing (4, 5) damping the horizontal relative movements by means of a slide plate (6), characterised in that the sliding bearing (4, 5) is mounted at the longitudinal ends of the springs (2), which take the form of supporting leaf springs, to be movable spherically.
  2. Sliding bearing according to claim 1, characterised in that there is arranged at the longitudinal ends of the supporting leaf spring (2), pointing upwards, a ball head (3) on which the sliding bearing (4, 5) is mounted by, at the bottom, a spherical cup (9).
  3. Sliding bearing according to claims 1 and 2, characterised in that the ball head (3) is integrally formed at the longitudinal ends of the supporting leaf spring (2).
  4. Sliding bearing according to claims 1 and 2, characterised in that the ball head (3) takes the form of a separate component which is fastened to the longitudinal ends of the supporting leaf spring (2).
  5. Sliding bearing according to claims 1 to 4, characterised in that, laterally, the sliding bearing (4, 5) carries downward-pointing webs (10) which project beyond the supporting leaf spring (2) in the downward direction, with a securing pin (11) which secures the sliding bearing (4, 5) against lifting off being arranged transversely in the webs (10), below the supporting leaf spring (2).
  6. Sliding bearing according to claims 1 to 5, characterised in that the securing pin (11) is arranged to have vertical and horizontal longitudinal clearance relative to the supporting leaf spring (2) or the ball head (3).
  7. Sliding bearing according to claims 1 to 6, characterised in that the ball head (3) takes the form of a forked member which is slid onto the longitudinal end of the supporting leaf spring (2) and is fastened in place there, on the upper part of which forked member the ball head (3) is arranged and below the lower part of which forked member a recess (12) is arranged which extends transversely to the supporting leaf spring (2) and which receives the securing pin (11).
  8. Sliding bearing according to claims 1 to 7, characterised in that the sliding bearing (4, 5) comprises a carrier plate (4) which carries at the top a friction plate (5) in such a way that the latter is non-displaceable and in the bottom of which the spherical cup (9), which is provided with an insert (8) allowing sliding, is arranged vertically.
EP05028582A 2005-01-29 2005-12-28 Sliding bearing for railway vehicles Active EP1686034B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102005004182A DE102005004182A1 (en) 2005-01-29 2005-01-29 Slider for rail vehicles

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1686034A1 EP1686034A1 (en) 2006-08-02
EP1686034B1 true EP1686034B1 (en) 2008-03-12

Family

ID=36250739

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP05028582A Active EP1686034B1 (en) 2005-01-29 2005-12-28 Sliding bearing for railway vehicles

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EP (1) EP1686034B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE388874T1 (en)
DE (2) DE102005004182A1 (en)

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB389433A (en) * 1931-12-24 1933-03-16 Krupp Ag Improvements in spring suspension arrangements for railway and like vehicles
GB609023A (en) * 1944-07-15 1948-09-23 Jonas Woodhead & Sons Ltd Improvements in or relating to laminated springs
DE2815375C2 (en) 1978-04-10 1986-08-28 Waggon Union Gmbh, 1000 Berlin Und 5900 Siegen Lateral elastic support of the car body of rail vehicles
DE2842211A1 (en) 1978-09-28 1980-04-10 Waggon Union Gmbh ROTATIONAL RESTRICTION FOR SINGLE AND DOUBLE-AXLE DRIVES OF RAIL VEHICLES
DE3807547A1 (en) 1988-03-08 1989-09-21 Waggon Union Gmbh SLIDING PIECE

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Publication number Publication date
DE102005004182A1 (en) 2006-08-03
ATE388874T1 (en) 2008-03-15
DE502005003186D1 (en) 2008-04-24
EP1686034A1 (en) 2006-08-02

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