EP1674279A1 - Système de positionnement - Google Patents

Système de positionnement Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1674279A1
EP1674279A1 EP05104914A EP05104914A EP1674279A1 EP 1674279 A1 EP1674279 A1 EP 1674279A1 EP 05104914 A EP05104914 A EP 05104914A EP 05104914 A EP05104914 A EP 05104914A EP 1674279 A1 EP1674279 A1 EP 1674279A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
lever
contact
cos
equation
positioning
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP05104914A
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German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Bart Verhoest
Dirk Verdyck
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Agfa NV
Original Assignee
Agfa Gevaert NV
Agfa Graphics NV
Agfa Gevaert AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Agfa Gevaert NV, Agfa Graphics NV, Agfa Gevaert AG filed Critical Agfa Gevaert NV
Priority to EP05104914A priority Critical patent/EP1674279A1/fr
Priority to US11/284,331 priority patent/US20060132529A1/en
Priority to JP2005366683A priority patent/JP2006175868A/ja
Publication of EP1674279A1 publication Critical patent/EP1674279A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
    • B41J—TYPEWRITERS; SELECTIVE PRINTING MECHANISMS, i.e. MECHANISMS PRINTING OTHERWISE THAN FROM A FORME; CORRECTION OF TYPOGRAPHICAL ERRORS
    • B41J25/00—Actions or mechanisms not otherwise provided for
    • B41J25/34—Bodily-changeable print heads or carriages
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
    • B41J—TYPEWRITERS; SELECTIVE PRINTING MECHANISMS, i.e. MECHANISMS PRINTING OTHERWISE THAN FROM A FORME; CORRECTION OF TYPOGRAPHICAL ERRORS
    • B41J2/00—Typewriters or selective printing mechanisms characterised by the printing or marking process for which they are designed
    • B41J2/005—Typewriters or selective printing mechanisms characterised by the printing or marking process for which they are designed characterised by bringing liquid or particles selectively into contact with a printing material
    • B41J2/01—Ink jet
    • B41J2/21—Ink jet for multi-colour printing
    • B41J2/2132—Print quality control characterised by dot disposition, e.g. for reducing white stripes or banding
    • B41J2/2135—Alignment of dots

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a positioning system for positioning an element relative to a frame. More specifically a positioning system which can be used in a dot matrix printing system for positioning printheads relative to a mounting frame or base plate and to each other.
  • the image to be produced is rendered before it is printed.
  • Rendering creates a representation of the image as a matrix of individual marking points in such a way that printing the individual marking point at their correct matrix position resembles the original image as close as possible.
  • the position of the individual marking points is crucial to the quality of the image. Any errors in the position of the printed marking points on the receiving substrate from their position assumed in the rendering process, shows up in the printed image.
  • Marking points being too close to each other show macroscopically as an area that has received too much marking material than it should have; marking points being too far separated show macroscopically as an area that has received too little marking material than it should have.
  • positional errors become systematic, they can show as stripes in the printed image.
  • the position of the printing head providing the marking material via a plurality of marking elements.
  • the printing heads needs to be positioned and aligned correctly with respect to each other and with respect to the receiving substrate. This to ensure a correct superposition of the color separated images and good fitting of the image bands printed by each printhead.
  • the printing heads are adjustably mounted on a single base plate.
  • the position of each printing head can be adjusted with reference to a datum on the base plate.
  • All printing heads are positioned with reference to the same datum so that they can all be aligned properly.
  • the base plate itself is positioned against datums on the printer body so that finally the position of the marking elements of the printing heads relative to the printer body is known at all times.
  • the positioning of printing heads relative to datums fixed on a carriage or printer body is commonly known.
  • the alignment is done via specially shaped screws that drive the printing heads against specially shaped features on the base plate.
  • Aligning the printing heads is an iterative process because it required a test print after each screw adjustment to see the effect of the adjustment on the print result. This needs to be repeated until perfect alignment is achieved. Therefore the alignment of printing heads after printer installation or after printing head replacement is a tedious work and is often performed by the printer manufacturer or install/service team, but seldom by the printer operator.
  • Printhead mounting systems sometimes comprise a printhead holding device which is rigidly mounted on a base plate and wherein a printhead is adjustably mounted.
  • the printhead has to be clamped in a secure way in the printhead holding device while at the same time the printhead itself should be accurately positionable within the device.
  • Positioning screws are sometimes hardly accessible as these are mounted close to the base plate. This provides further difficulties in the tedious adjustment of the printheads.
  • Certain inkjet printing systems comprise up to eight different printheads in a small space and aligning the different heads in the three dimensions requires a considerable effort.
  • the invention provides a positioning system that allows for mounting an element in a positioning device which can be accurately positioned relative to a frame carrying the positioning device, e.g. the printing head in a printing apparatus is mounted in a printhead positioning device which can be accurately aligned to a base plate carrying the positioning device.
  • the positioning system according to the invention also avoids exerting excessive lateral forces onto the adjustment elements.
  • the positioning system provides a proportional relationship between a displacement of the adjustment means, easily accessible to the operator, and the movement in the position of the positioning device relative to the frame. Due to a proportional relationship between the movement Ax of the adjusting means and the displacement Ay of the positioning device, a reliable, accurate and predictable adjustment can be performed. Once an alignment error is known, a single adjustment can give a perfect alignment.
  • the proportional relationship is guaranteed by a dedicated lever mechanism meeting a number of geometric constraints with respect to the shape of the lever, especially the contact surfaces on which the forces on the lever act, and the orientation of the interface surface between lever and acting force and base plate. Using the dedicated lever mechanism a rotation of an adjustment screw on the head positioning device is transformed into a linear displacement of the positioning device relative to a mounting base plate.
  • the adjustment means are self-locking and have no backlash, securing the position of the printing head at all times.
  • Fig. 1A Let us consider an ideal lever, as shown in Fig. 1A, which could be used in a positioning system for positioning an positioning device relatively to a frame .
  • the lever 1 has a rotation point 2 which is a fixed point on the frame (or on the element to be positioned relatively to the frame), a force arm 3 at which force is exerted by an adjustment means 4 and a load arm 5 butting against the load 6 (element or the frame.)
  • a rotation point 2 which is a fixed point on the frame (or on the element to be positioned relatively to the frame)
  • a force arm 3 at which force is exerted by an adjustment means 4
  • a load arm 5 butting against the load 6 (element or the frame.)
  • a further restraint in the system is that the orientation of the adjustment means 4 and force of the load 6 is fixed.
  • a practical design of the adjustment means 4 is the use of a screw which can regulate the height of the force lever 3.
  • the load 6 can be an element to be positioned and which can slide along a rail mounted on the frame. Practical examples are given further below.
  • Ax/Ay Lf/Ll which could be expected.
  • the ratio of the displacement values depends on the ratio of the length of the force and load arms.
  • FIG. 3A the contact of the regulating screw of the adjustment device is depicted while being in contact with the horizontal surface of the force arm of the lever.
  • the contact point can be defined at the center of the regulating screw at the interface with the lever.
  • fig. 3B the situation is depicted while the lever force arm is at an angle ⁇ . It is clear that the contact point has migrated a small distance in the direction of the rotation point of the lever, so the length of the force arm is a bit shorter than would be expected from the ideal situation as described above.
  • ⁇ x ⁇ d ⁇ [ ( sin ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ x ( t 2 ) + cos ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ y ( t 2 ) ) ( sin ⁇ d ⁇ x ( t 2 ) d t + cos ⁇ d ⁇ y ( t 2 ) d t ) + ( cos ⁇ d ⁇ x ( t 2 ) d t ⁇ sin ⁇ d ⁇ y ( t 2 ) d t ) ( cos ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ x ( t 2 ) ⁇ sin ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ y ( t 2 ) ) sin ⁇ d ⁇ x ( t 2 ) ⁇ sin ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ y ( t 2 ) ) sin ⁇ d ⁇ x ( t 2 ) d t + cos ⁇ d ⁇ y ( t 2 ) d t ]
  • ⁇ x ⁇ ⁇ y [ ( sin ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ x ( t 2 ) + cos ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ y ( t 2 ) ) ( sin ⁇ d ⁇ x ( t 2 ) d t + cos ⁇ d ⁇ y ( t 2 ) d t ) + ( cos ⁇ d ⁇ x ( t 2 ) d t ⁇ sin ⁇ d ⁇ y ( t 2 ) d t ) ( cos ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ x ( t 2 ) ⁇ sin ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ y ( t 2 ) ) ( cos ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ x ( t 1 ) ⁇ sin ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ y ( t 1 ) ) ( cos ⁇ d ⁇ x ( t 1 ) d t ⁇ sin ⁇ d ⁇ y ( t 1 ) d t
  • Equation 26 A second differential equation can be found from the fact that we want a linear object rotation as a function of the movement of the pushing rod.
  • the contact shapes of a lever have been calculated by solving equation 25 and equation 31.
  • equation 25 As an input for the ode-solver, the following table lists the start positions of the shape when ⁇ equals 0.
  • Fig 7A shows the lever contour at the pushing contact
  • Fig 7B shows the contour at the load contact.
  • ⁇ will be identical to 1.
  • the factor ⁇ is depicted for the example lever , according to Table 1, in Fig 8.
  • ⁇ is not identical to 1 in the region between the singular angles [-18.8°, 5.5°]. This is because of numerical errors in the calculations.
  • small errors are being present because of the numerical solution of the differential equations.
  • the greatest numerical errors will appear from the numerical calculation of equation 21, where the d ⁇ ⁇ / d t terms are being estimated numerically as well.
  • ⁇ should be 1 between the 2 singular angles, and become different from 1 outside the valid ⁇ -interval, which can be noticed clearly from Fig. 8 when ⁇ passes beyond the 18.8°.
  • the maximum movement translation error equals 0.32%. It is stated that errors lower than 0.5% will result in a substantially linear behavior of the leverage system.
  • the contact shapes of the body i.e. the lever have been calculated by solving equation 34 and 35.
  • the following table lists the start positions of the shape when ⁇ equals 0.
  • Contact point 1 Contact point 2 x-coordinate -41.41 2.0 y-coordinate 4 -5.92 Table 2. Coordinates of the initial contact points for a specific lever design.
  • Equation 36 For contact point 2, we solve the identical differential equation, but we know that we have to interchange in the solution x and y, as the contact surfaces need to ly perpendicular to each other. For the constant a in equation 32, we have to take a value of -1 [rad -1 ] to copy with this interchange of x- and y-coordinates.
  • the main purpose of a lever design according to the invention is to obtain linearity in the ratio of the movement of the adjustment means and the movement of the positioning device relative to a base plate.
  • a further object is that the forces acting upon the lever are always perpendicular to the contact surface and the ratio of the length of the load arm to the length of the force arms is kept constant.
  • the working distance D has to be in between the singular point of the positioning system as described above.
  • the defined lever shapes can be put to practice in a positioning system for printheads, e.g. inkjet printheads.
  • the positioning system used for positioning a printhead includes features described below.
  • the printhead positioning device 10 will be abbreviated as HPD.
  • Fixing of the printing head, not shown, in the HPD 10 and positioning of the printing head in the Z-direction is realized using splines fitting in grooves 11.
  • the associated splines move downward and pushed the printing head's Z-datum against a base plate 14 which is common for all printing heads, while at the same time clamping the printing head into a fixed position within the HPD 10.
  • All printing heads have a common Z-reference, being the single base plate 14.
  • the base plate 14 has several cut-outs of which one is for receiving the front side of the printing head, including a nozzle plate with marking elements, so that the marking elements extend through the base plate 14.
  • the HPD 10 is fixed in the Z direction but can move relatively to the base plate 14 in the X direction to align the printing head with a print swath and can rotate with only an y-translation of the marking elements of the printhead to align the printing head substantially orthogonal to the printing direction an indicated by the arrows T and R.
  • the HPD is pressed in X and Y direction at one side of other cut-outs in the base plate so that the edges of these cut-outs in the base plate come in contact with two dedicated levers 20 and 30.
  • the first dedicated lever 20 acts in the Y-direction and can move the HPD 10 (including the locked printing head) so that the marking elements of the printing head experience a displacement that is a function of the position of the marking element in the array of marking elements and is aimed at rotating the array of marking elements until an orthogonal position, with respect to the printing direction, is achieved.
  • the lever 20 contacts the base plate 14 at contact point 21 and it can be set using adjustment screw 22 which is coupled to the lever 20 by a intermediate slider 23 contacting the lever at contact point 24.
  • rotation point c translates along the x-axis according to solid arrow 2 while the marking elements ME1 to MEn rotate around the rotation point c according to solid arrow 1.
  • the combined rotation 1 and translation 2 results in a translation 3 of the marking elements that is substantially parallel to the y-axis (see open arrows on Fig. 12), at least for a reference marking element, e.g. ME1, that is used in the printing head positioning process to measure the initial positioning error of the printing head on a test print.
  • a reference marking element e.g. ME1
  • the position adjustment using lever 20 can be made to not interfere with the position adjustment using lever 30 discussed further in this description, provided the proper marking elements are used to calculate the adjustments based on a test print.
  • the second dedicated lever 30 acts in the X-direction and moves the HPD 10 (including the locked printing head) so that all marking elements of the printing head experience a uniform translation (same magnitude) in the X-direction.
  • This adjustment allows for correctly butting of multiple arrays of marking elements in the X-direction (i.e. side-by-side).
  • the lever 30 contacts a side of a cut-out in the base plate 14 at contact point 31 and it can be set using adjustment screw 32 which is coupled to the lever 30 by a intermediate slider 33 contacting the lever at contact point 34.
  • multiple arrays of marking elements may be aligned parallel to the X-axis and positioned along the x-axis, using the HPD's described above.
  • the alignment of multiple arrays of marking elements in de Y-direction is done via electronic control means (i.e. timing of marking element activation pulses).
  • the surface shapes of the contact points 16, 19, 21, 24 of both dedicated levers 15, 20 comply with the constraints as described above, needed to obtain linear and thus predictable displacement of a HPD with reference to precise cut-outs in a base plate.
  • the main advantage of having a proportional relationship between the driving action of the adjustment means (rotation of a screw by the operator) and the driven response of the positioning device (displacement of the printing head relative to the mounting base plate) is that methods to align printing heads after their initial position has been detected only requires a few corrective actions.
  • the initial position of the printing head can be detected for example by use of a test print.
  • the test print can be designed so that position errors are easily deducted or may be just readable from the print. Matching sets of lines from different printing heads may indicate directly deviation angles and distances from ideal placement.
  • the accessibility of all printing head replacement and adjustment means at one side of the HPD allows fast and easy replacement and alignment of a printing head in the event of malfunction of the printing head. No special service tools or skills are required to replace and align printing heads; the procedure can be executed by a printer operator.
  • the screws are in fact more a complicated spindle system totally traversing the HPD from top to bottom.
  • the intermediate sliders 23,33 are mounted and these are moved up or down when turning the spindles assembly.
  • the top to bottom spindles provide the extra advantage that there is a possibility to adjust the screw/spindle assembly from the top as well as from the bottom if fitted with e.g. a socket head ending at both sides.
  • the single design of the head positioning device can be put to use in more versatile conditions.
  • the accessibility of all the alignment and mounting means from the top and the accessibility of the alignment means from the bottom helps to keeping maintenance costs low. Note that it is important that the actual position adjustment, i.e. the movement of the "actuators" of the adjustment mechanisms needs to be located near the front of the printing head where the marking elements are located. Indeed, the position of the marking elements is mapped to printed marking points on the receiving substrate and thus the position of the marking elements, amongst other aspects, determines the print quality.
  • the adjustment screws are preferably of a self-locking type.
  • a possible embodiment uses screws that are equipped with a locking mechanism in which a small metal sphere is pressed onto a toothed ring by a small spring.
  • the screws have a toothed section 35 which is contacted by a kind of leaf spring 36 which is cut out in the respective cover plates closing the side of the HPD.
  • a full rotation of the screw is divided in several clicks.
  • Each time the metal sphere or leaf spring 36 is pressed into a next tooth of the toothed section 35. This allows for an even better control of the rotation of the adjustment screw, i.e.
  • each click represents an equal rotation angle that is transformed by the lever into an equal translation of the marking elements of the printing head.
  • One of the obvious advantages of self-locking adjustment means is that the position of the printing head is secures at all times. Drift of the adjustment means due to vibrations internal or external to the printer, or accidental exposure to unwanted influences or forces are eliminated. Using the system, an incremental small rotation of one click is first transformed into an even smaller downward movement of the screw, depending upon the pitch of the thread of the screw, and is secondly transformed into a minute displacement of the HPD (including the locked printing head) by using the levers.
  • springs 15, 16 other types of resilient means can be used to urge the mounting element on the frame or the frame itself in contact with the lever.
  • Other types may be e.g. resilient rubber parts.
  • the mounting features of the printhead can be made simple and cheap. This makes replacement of a printing head also less expensive.
  • the printing head positioning system is suitable for scanning printing systems whereby the printing heads shuttle back and forth across the width of the recording medium while the recording medium is transported along the length direction.
  • the printing head positioning system is also suitable for page wide printing systems whereby the printing heads are stationary and cover part or the complete width of the recording medium while the recording medium is transported in along the length direction.
  • the head positioning device is carried on the base plate and may be shuttling back and forth across the recording medium, preferably the head positioning device is made of a light material putting less strain on the shuttling mechanism. Less inertia poses less problems. It should however be as strong as well to avoid deformation due to the repeating accelerations as the shuttle starts and stops.
  • the walls of the head positioning device may be made of a synthetic material having a grid-like or honeycomb structure having high strength but low weight.
  • the invention provides a way to lead the access point for the adjustment means away from the adjustment action itself, via a lever and elongated screw, so as to make adjustments easily accessible for an operator.
  • the same principle may also be applied to printing head connections that are required near the front of the printing head and are difficult to access once the printing head is mounted in the printing system.
  • One examples may be a connection of the printing head to a cooling circuit for cooling the marking elements of the printing head, as provided near the front of the first generation of XJ500 ink jet printing head from Xaar plc - Cambridge (UK).
  • Another example may be the ink connection of XJ128 printing heads from Xaar plc - Cambridge (UK), that is located on top of the printing head near the front where the marking elements are located.
  • Still another example may be the lung mechanism for ink de-aeration incorporated in Galaxy type printing heads from Spectra Inc - Riverside NH (USA), where the vacuum connection to the lung mechanism is located near the front of the printing head. All these connections are difficult to access once the printing head is mounted in the printing apparatus. Therefore it may be advantageous to design extension pieces for these connections into the HPD so as to lead the printing head's connection point near the front to a side of the HPD that is easily accessible for making and breaking connections, for example at the back of the HPD where also the adjustment means for printing head positioning are located.
  • connection extension pieces preferably are provide with proper fittings at the side of the connection with the printing head so as to seal the hydraulic connection when the printing head is inserted in the HPD and fixed into the HPD by means if the splines discussed previously.
  • any connection type may be used but an easy operated connection is preferred.
  • the use of lever systems for positioning of the printing head or HPD with reference to a base plate and the use connection extension pieces to make hydraulic connections near the front of the printing head allow all connections with the printing head, that need to be accessible for operator intervention, to be diverted to the easiest accessible side of the HPD.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Quality & Reliability (AREA)
  • Ink Jet (AREA)
  • Common Mechanisms (AREA)
EP05104914A 2004-12-22 2005-06-07 Système de positionnement Withdrawn EP1674279A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP05104914A EP1674279A1 (fr) 2004-12-22 2005-06-07 Système de positionnement
US11/284,331 US20060132529A1 (en) 2004-12-22 2005-11-21 Positioning system
JP2005366683A JP2006175868A (ja) 2004-12-22 2005-12-20 位置付け用システム

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP04106837 2004-12-22
EP05104914A EP1674279A1 (fr) 2004-12-22 2005-06-07 Système de positionnement

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EP1674279A1 true EP1674279A1 (fr) 2006-06-28

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EP05104914A Withdrawn EP1674279A1 (fr) 2004-12-22 2005-06-07 Système de positionnement

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JP (1) JP2006175868A (fr)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US7837298B2 (en) 2005-05-30 2010-11-23 Agfa Graphics Nv Print head mounting assembly and method for mounting a print head onto a carriage framework
US8118385B2 (en) 2005-09-20 2012-02-21 Agfa Graphics Nv Method and apparatus for automatically aligning arrays of printing elements
EP3674093A1 (fr) * 2018-12-28 2020-07-01 Ricoh Company, Ltd. Dispositif de décharge de liquide, appareil de décharge de liquide et appareil de teinture

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0539812A2 (fr) * 1991-10-31 1993-05-05 Hewlett-Packard Company Mécanisme de commande par came pour cassette d'impression
US20030128254A1 (en) * 2000-02-17 2003-07-10 Ison Robert M. Droplet deposition apparatus

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0539812A2 (fr) * 1991-10-31 1993-05-05 Hewlett-Packard Company Mécanisme de commande par came pour cassette d'impression
US20030128254A1 (en) * 2000-02-17 2003-07-10 Ison Robert M. Droplet deposition apparatus

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US7837298B2 (en) 2005-05-30 2010-11-23 Agfa Graphics Nv Print head mounting assembly and method for mounting a print head onto a carriage framework
US8118385B2 (en) 2005-09-20 2012-02-21 Agfa Graphics Nv Method and apparatus for automatically aligning arrays of printing elements
EP3674093A1 (fr) * 2018-12-28 2020-07-01 Ricoh Company, Ltd. Dispositif de décharge de liquide, appareil de décharge de liquide et appareil de teinture
US11939715B2 (en) 2018-12-28 2024-03-26 Ricoh Company, Ltd. Liquid discharge device, liquid discharge apparatus, and dyeing apparatus

Also Published As

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