EP1670623B1 - Procede de production de panneaux de fibres a partir de fibres de bois - Google Patents

Procede de production de panneaux de fibres a partir de fibres de bois Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1670623B1
EP1670623B1 EP04786862A EP04786862A EP1670623B1 EP 1670623 B1 EP1670623 B1 EP 1670623B1 EP 04786862 A EP04786862 A EP 04786862A EP 04786862 A EP04786862 A EP 04786862A EP 1670623 B1 EP1670623 B1 EP 1670623B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
wood fibers
section
wood
fibers
sizing
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP04786862A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP1670623A1 (fr
Inventor
Klaus E. Radzimanowski
Roberto Fasan
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Dieffenbacher GmbH Maschinen und Anlagenbau
Original Assignee
Schenkmann Piel Engineering GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Publication date
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Publication of EP1670623A1 publication Critical patent/EP1670623A1/fr
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B17/00—Machines or apparatus for drying materials in loose, plastic, or fluidised form, e.g. granules, staple fibres, with progressive movement
    • F26B17/10—Machines or apparatus for drying materials in loose, plastic, or fluidised form, e.g. granules, staple fibres, with progressive movement with movement performed by fluid currents, e.g. issuing from a nozzle, e.g. pneumatic, flash, vortex or entrainment dryers
    • F26B17/101—Machines or apparatus for drying materials in loose, plastic, or fluidised form, e.g. granules, staple fibres, with progressive movement with movement performed by fluid currents, e.g. issuing from a nozzle, e.g. pneumatic, flash, vortex or entrainment dryers the drying enclosure having the shape of one or a plurality of shafts or ducts, e.g. with substantially straight and vertical axis
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27N—MANUFACTURE BY DRY PROCESSES OF ARTICLES, WITH OR WITHOUT ORGANIC BINDING AGENTS, MADE FROM PARTICLES OR FIBRES CONSISTING OF WOOD OR OTHER LIGNOCELLULOSIC OR LIKE ORGANIC MATERIAL
    • B27N1/00—Pretreatment of moulding material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27N—MANUFACTURE BY DRY PROCESSES OF ARTICLES, WITH OR WITHOUT ORGANIC BINDING AGENTS, MADE FROM PARTICLES OR FIBRES CONSISTING OF WOOD OR OTHER LIGNOCELLULOSIC OR LIKE ORGANIC MATERIAL
    • B27N1/00—Pretreatment of moulding material
    • B27N1/02—Mixing the material with binding agent
    • B27N1/0227—Mixing the material with binding agent using rotating stirrers, e.g. the agent being fed through the shaft of the stirrer
    • B27N1/0254—Mixing the material with binding agent using rotating stirrers, e.g. the agent being fed through the shaft of the stirrer with means for spraying the agent on the material before it is introduced in the mixer
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B2200/00—Drying processes and machines for solid materials characterised by the specific requirements of the drying good
    • F26B2200/24—Wood particles, e.g. shavings, cuttings, saw dust

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for the production of fiberboard from wood fibers according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • the wood fibers for the production of fiberboard are obtained such that raw wood is crushed in a hacker to so-called wood chips. These chips are, possibly after preheating, then subjected to a saturated steam treatment. This damping process plasticises the natural wood-based binders such as resins or lignin, which reduces their binding force. At the same time, the integrated wood fibers are softened during this damping process.
  • the chips are defibred in a saturated steam mill and the actual fibers are obtained in the form of thin and fine threads.
  • the mixture of saturated steam and fibers is then blown via pipelines into a so-called current dryer, where liquid glue is injected and the saturated steam with hot air of e.g. 170 ° C is mixed.
  • the now present saturated steam or hot steam fiber mixture is fed to a pressure-resistant cyclone, which separates the fibers from the superheated steam.
  • the hot steam is fed to a superheated steam distributor, from where it can be supplied with energy-saving different uses.
  • the fibers thus obtained can now be fed, optionally with the implementation of further process steps, to a forming and pressing line in which the fibreboards are produced while the glue is curing.
  • further treatment steps for the wood fibers for example, their bunkering, a sighting with the aid of an air classifier or a re-deposition in a arranged after the separator separator come into question.
  • the fiber drying after gluing according to the EP 0 823 870 B1 By adding hot steam or by the known admixture of hot air has the disadvantage that some of the amount of glue is lost by pre-hardening and volatilization and is no longer available as a binder in the pressing of the fiberboard. Accordingly, the amount of liquid glue injected must be increased. Since the cost of the glue (binder) in relation to the total cost of the process are very high, the glue represents a significant cost factor in the production of fiberboard.
  • the present invention is a process for producing fiberboard wherein the wood fibers are extracted from the wood chips and subjected to a special treatment. Such a process is not related to the process described in this US patent.
  • gluing In contrast to the so-called wet gluing described above, methods for dry gluing are also known.
  • the wood fibers are first dried in a dryer to the required final moisture content and then fed via a conveyor line having a cross-section reduction, a gluing section.
  • the gluing section is provided with glue nozzles.
  • the wetting section is formed as a diffuser section, which is intended to effect a cross-sectional widening and thus a turbulent flow of the fibers in the section. Due to the turbulent flow, the formation of fiber clumps should be avoided, as these fiber clumps in the fibreboard surface lead to glue spots and can cause damage to the press belts of the press.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a process for the production of fiberboard from wood fibers, in which a uniform glue distribution is achieved at the lowest possible cost.
  • comminuted wood particles preferably in the form of wood chips
  • the thus treated chips crushed in a mill to obtain the wood fibers.
  • It is followed by an admixture of superheated steam to dry and promote the wood fibers.
  • the mixture of wood fibers and steam is fed to a first separator, for example in the form of a cyclone, in order to separate the wood fibers from the superheated steam or saturated steam.
  • the thus separated wood fibers having a final moisture content of preferably 3 to 20%, ideally 10 to 12% are fed into a conveyor line in which the wood fibers are transported by means of a gaseous transport medium to a Beleimungsabexcellent the delivery line. Before reaching the gluing section, the wood fibers pass through an acceleration section.
  • the acceleration of the wood fibers can be achieved in that the flow rate of the pumped medium is increased. This is preferably achieved by reducing the cross section of the delivery line immediately before the gluing section.
  • a plurality of gluing nozzles is provided, which can extend both along the circumference of the conveying line and along the flow direction of the wood fibers. Due to the high kinetic energy of the pre-accelerated wood fibers, a good turbulence of the individual particles and even distribution of the glue on the particles is achieved. This avoids the formation of fiber aggregates, so that glue staining and in particular damage to subsequent system parts, such as press belts, are prevented.
  • the glued wood fibers are now fed to a forming and press line.
  • this takes place after renewed admixing of a gaseous medium and optionally after carrying out further process steps such as bunkering, screening and / or separation of the wood fibers from the gaseous medium.
  • the wood fibers are glued at an increased flow rate.
  • the flow velocity substantially corresponds to the flow velocity achieved in the acceleration section. If the flow of the wood fibers is accelerated by a reduction of the flow cross section, the flow cross section in the gluing section corresponds approximately to the flow cross section at the end of the acceleration section.
  • the wood fibers are passed after gluing through a dwell section of the delivery line.
  • the residence section serves to further homogenize the gluing or wetting of the wood fibers.
  • the pneumatic conveying of the wood fibers in the delivery line is expediently carried out by air, which is preferably heated and has a temperature of about 60 ° C to 120 ° C, preferably 90 ° C.
  • a jacket surface of the gluing section is cooled. This can form a condensate film on the casing surface, which prevents caking of the glue.
  • the wood fibers are post-dried by admixed heated air after gluing.
  • the admixed heated air has a temperature of 60 ° C to 120 ° C.
  • the quantity and the state variables of the superheated steam supplied before the first separator are preferably chosen such that the initially present saturated steam is converted completely into the superheated steam state.
  • saturated steam or wet steam or saturated steam a vapor state corresponding to the wet steam region of the known steam panels.
  • unsaturated steam which is capable of receiving more vapor and adjacent to the wet steam area.
  • the superheated steam is preferably supplied to a distribution chamber, which is taken from at least a partial volume flow I for return to the saturated steam-fiber mixture, wherein the partial volume flow I is superheated in a heat exchanger.
  • a further partial volume flow II of the superheated steam can be taken, for example, for preheating the woodchips, so that there is also a corresponding energy saving here.
  • Another partial flow III can, if necessary, be taken to preheat the air for a classifier.
  • a partial volume flow IV of the classifier air can be added directly, wherein the moisture content of the air in the sifter increases, so that the fibers to be seen become hotter and the processing times of the press line are shortened accordingly.
  • a partial volume flow V of the superheated steam for heating the air which conveys the wood fibers through the gluing section, can be taken from the distribution chamber.
  • the partial volume flow V is thereby fed to a heat exchanger in which ambient air is heated.
  • Another partial flow VI of the superheated steam can be taken from the distribution chamber for heating the air, by means of which the glued wood fibers are post-dried. This air supplied for drying can also be used as a pumped medium of glued wood fibers.
  • the remaining, possibly still existing excess energy in the superheated steam distributor can be used for example for domestic water heating, building heating or for other heating purposes.
  • the wood fibers can be pre-glued before being fed to the first separator or to the first separator group.
  • the method uses on the one hand the so-called wet gluing and on the other hand the dry gluing.
  • the degree of pre-gluing is adjusted in such a way that an optimum with regard to the total consumption of the glue and a uniform gluing of the wood fibers is achieved.
  • the wood fibers for drying high-frequency vibrations so-called microwaves exposed.
  • this type of drying is carried out after gluing the wood fibers in the dwell section.
  • raw wood is comminuted in a hacker 1 and the wood chips produced are fed to an autoclave 2.
  • a batchwise treatment of wood chips with saturated steam at a pressure of about 8 bar and a temperature of about 150 ° C.
  • saturated steam at a pressure of about 8 bar and a temperature of about 150 ° C.
  • the pressurized saturated steam-wood fiber mixture is then fed via a pipe 4 to a cyclone working as first separator 5, where the wood fibers are separated from the pumped medium.
  • superheated steam is injected via a feed 6 by means of a fan 7 into the pipe 4, which has passed through a heat exchanger 8 for overheating.
  • the state variables of the supplied superheated steam and its deficiencies are selected so that the saturated steam is converted into superheated superheated steam with drying of the wood chips.
  • the superheated superheated steam which is supplied to the first separator 5 at the same time as the wood fibers, leaves it in the still superheated state and enters a distribution chamber 9, where several partial volume flows can be taken.
  • the largest partial volume flow I is fed to the already mentioned heat exchanger 8 where it is superheated and, as already described, blown into the pipeline 4 by means of the fan 7.
  • a second partial flow II is fed via a pipe 10 to the hacker 1 and serves to preheat the wood chips.
  • the fiber material deposited on the first separator 5 is subsequently transferred via a feed 11 to a compensation screw 12.
  • the moisture of the wood fibers is about 3% to 20%, preferably 10% to 12%.
  • the processed wood fibers pass via a feed 13 and a lock 14 into a delivery line 15.
  • the delivery line 15 is charged by means of a heat exchanger 16 with heated air, which has approximately 60 to 120 °, preferably 90 °.
  • the heated air serves as transport air and leads the wood fibers along the conveying line 15 in the direction of arrows 17 to the gluing section 18.
  • the conveying line 15 has a reducing section 19 which effects a reduction of a flow cross section A1 of the conveying line 15 to a flow cross section A2 and thus an increase in the speed of the conveyed wood fibers.
  • the gluing section 18 adjoining the reducing section 19 is designed as a pipe section with a constant diameter and a correspondingly constant flow cross section A2.
  • the flow cross section of the pipe section may also be formed slightly smaller or larger.
  • the length of the gluing section L1 is 20 to 30 meters, depending on the plant capacity. Due to the reduction of the flow cross section from A1 to A2 immediately before the glue feed 18, the wood fibers reach a speed of about 30 to 60 m / s.
  • a multiplicity of glue nozzles 20 arranged spirally over the circumference are provided along the gluing section 18.
  • the number and arrangement of the glue nozzles 20 can be adjusted depending on the type of glue and the amount of glue.
  • the glue or binder is brought by dilution to the viscosity required for the injection.
  • the trained as a pipe section gluing section 18 consists of a high quality polished material to prevent glue deposits on an inner circumferential surface along the gluing section 18.
  • the pipe section is designed as a double-walled pipe with an inlet I and an outlet O for a cooling medium. The temperature of the cooling medium is adjusted so that forms a condensate from the pipe inner wall.
  • a dwell section 21 is formed, which likewise has a flow cross-section A2 and extends over a length of approximately 15 to 30 m.
  • the formed as a pipe section dwell section 21 is also made of high quality polished material, so glue deposits are avoided.
  • the glued wood fibers pass through a mixing chamber 22 with baffles, which effect a uniform mixing of the glued fibers with an additionally supplied air flow.
  • the Leitblleiche are arranged parallel spaced in the conveying direction running.
  • the supplied air flow has a temperature of 60 to 120 ° and is supplied via a separate supply line 23 of the mixing chamber 22.
  • Downstream of the mixing chamber 22 is a further conveying line 24, in which the glued fibers are post-dried by means of the supplied hot air. This post-drying is necessary because the glue added to the wood fibers supplied water and thus the final moisture was increased by gluing.
  • the delivery line has a substantially larger flow cross-section A3 relative to the flow cross-section of the gluing section and the dwell section, so that the transport speed at this point is reduced and the dwell time in this section is greater.
  • a switch 25 it is also possible to direct the separated in the first separator 5 wood fibers via a further feed line 26 in the conveying line 24 and thus the gluing section 18 to get around.
  • the wood fibers coming from the mill 3 are fed to the first separator 5 of a wet gluing (not in FIG. 1 shown), so that a gluing in the gluing section 18 is no longer necessary.
  • the dried wood fibers pass into a second separator 27.
  • the separated air is fed to a filter unit 28 and then discharged to the environment.
  • the glued wood fibers are transferred to an air classifier 29, in which larger wood components or glue lumps are separated and removed as so-called heavy material from the process.
  • the air required for air classification is fed by means of a fan 30 to a heat exchanger 31, wherein the heat exchanger 30 is supplied by means of a third partial volume flow III, which is taken from the distribution chamber 10, with heat for air preheating.
  • a fourth partial volume flow IV is fed directly to the preheated air blown into the air classifier 29 and serves to increase the air humidity in the air classifier 29. For this reason, the temperature of the sighted wood fibers can be increased.
  • Partial volume flows V and VI are used to heat the air, which promotes the wood fibers through the gluing section 18 or dries the wood fibers after the gluing section.
  • the air-wood fiber mixture After passing through the air classifier 29, the air-wood fiber mixture is fed by means of a fan 32 to a third separator 33, which leaves the heated air as exhaust air.
  • the separated wood fibers can be removed as Nutzgut and fed to a forming and press line.
  • a further partial volume flow VII can be taken with appropriate energy management of the process of the distribution chamber 10 and be used for example for hall heating or hot water heating.
  • the partial volume flows can be in order to remove impurities in FIG. 1 Wet scrubbers, not shown, are supplied.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Forests & Forestry (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Dry Formation Of Fiberboard And The Like (AREA)
  • Paper (AREA)

Claims (15)

  1. Procédé de production de panneaux de fibres à partir de fibres de bois, dans lequel procédé on produit tout d'abord des particules de bois en forme de copeaux hachés, puis on admet aux copeaux hachés de vapeur saturée afin de réduire la force de cohésion de la matière agglutinante interne du bois, puis on fragmente les coupeaux hachés si traités dans un broyeur (3) pour l'obtention des fibres de bois, puis on admet de vapeur surchauffée au mélange de fibres et de vapeur saturée afin de sécher et convoyer les fibres de bois, puis on amène le mélange de fibres et de vapeur surchauffée/ vapeur saturée à un premier séparateur (5) ou à un premier groupe de séparateurs afin de séparer les fibres de bois de la vapeur surchauffée ou vapeur saturée, les fibres de bois lors du procédé étant collées et finalement les fibres collées étant amenées à un train de moules et presses, le cas échéant après l'accomplissement des étapes additionnelles du procédé telles qu'une mise en réservoir, une classification et/ ou séparation des fibres de bois de la matière gazeuse, caractérisé en ce que les fibres de bois, après la séparation de la vapeur surchauffée ou vapeur saturée, sont amenées à une section de collage (18) disposée dans la ligne de transport (13) et en ce que les fibres sont accélérées avant l'arrivée à la section de collage (18).
  2. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que pour l'accélération des fibres de bois, la vitesse d'écoulement du milieu de transport est augmenté.
  3. Procédé selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que la vitesse d'écoulement du milieu de transport est augmentée par la réduction de la section transversale de la ligne de transport (15) (section de réduction 19).
  4. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que le transport pneumatique est fait au moyen de l'air chauffé.
  5. Procédé selon les revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce que, après le collage, les fibres de bois sont passes à travers d'une section de séjour (21) de la ligne de transport (15).
  6. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisé en ce que, après le collage, les fibres de bois sont soumises à un séchage final au moyen d'air chauffé mélangé avec lesdites fibres.
  7. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisé en ce que dans la section de collage (18) sont prévues une pluralité de tuyères de collage (20).
  8. Procédé selon la revendication 7, caractérisé en ce que les tuyères de collage (20) s'étendent autour la circonférence de la ligne de transport (15).
  9. Procédé selon les revendications 7 ou 8, caractérisé en ce que les tuyères de collage (20) s'étendent le long de la ligne de transport (15) et en la direction d'écoulement.
  10. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 9, caractérisé en ce qu'une surface de gaine de la section de collage (18) est refroidie afin de former un filme de condensé.
  11. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 10, caractérisé en ce que la vapeur surchauffée, an aval du premier séparateur (5), est amenée à une chambre distributrice (9) de laquelle est prélevé au moins un débit volumétrique partiel (I) destiné à être retourné au mélange de vapeur saturée et de fibres, le débit volumétrique partiel (I) étant surchauffé dans un échangeur de chaleur (8).
  12. Procédé selon la revendication 11, caractérisé en ce que hors de la chambre distributrice (9) est prélevé un débit volumétrique partiel (V) de la vapeur surchauffée, destiné au chauffage de l'air transportant les fibres de bois à travers de la section de collage.
  13. Procédé selon la revendication 11 ou 12, caractérisé en ce que hors de la chambre distributrice (9) est prélevé un débit volumétrique (VI) de la vapeur surchauffée, destiné au chauffage de l'air pour le séchage final des fibres de bois collées.
  14. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 13, caractérisé en ce que les fibres de bois, après le collage, subit des oscillations haut- fréquence, de préférence dans la section de séjour (21).
  15. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 14, caractérisé en ce que les fibres de bois, avant leur amenée au premier séparateur (5) ou au premier groupe de séparateurs, sont préalablement collées.
EP04786862A 2003-10-07 2004-09-25 Procede de production de panneaux de fibres a partir de fibres de bois Expired - Lifetime EP1670623B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10347052A DE10347052A1 (de) 2003-10-07 2003-10-07 Verfahren zur Herstellung von Faserplatten aus Holzfasern
PCT/DE2004/002146 WO2005039842A1 (fr) 2003-10-07 2004-09-25 Procede de production de panneaux de fibres a partir de fibres de bois

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1670623A1 EP1670623A1 (fr) 2006-06-21
EP1670623B1 true EP1670623B1 (fr) 2011-05-04

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EP04786862A Expired - Lifetime EP1670623B1 (fr) 2003-10-07 2004-09-25 Procede de production de panneaux de fibres a partir de fibres de bois

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Country Link
EP (1) EP1670623B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE507949T1 (fr)
DE (2) DE10347052A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2005039842A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1843114A1 (fr) * 2006-04-06 2007-10-10 Swedish Exergy Consulting AB Installation de séchage
SE534591C2 (sv) * 2010-01-14 2011-10-18 Skellefteaa Kraftaktiebolag System och förfarande för behandling av bulkmaterial i en pneumatisk ångtork
IT1399772B1 (it) 2010-04-30 2013-05-03 Imal Srl Apparato per l'iniezione di componenti chimici in un flusso di materiale legnoso incoerente
DE102010034763B3 (de) * 2010-08-18 2011-12-22 Kronotec Ag Verfahren und Anlage zur Aufbereitung von Holz für die Herstellung mitteldichter Faserplatten

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4390285A (en) 1980-08-24 1983-06-28 Draiswerke Gmbh Method and apparatus for mixing solids with liquids, in particular for gluing wood chips
NZ229080A (en) 1989-05-11 1991-10-25 Convertech Group Ltd Two stage process and equipment for the steam hydrolysis of woody material
DE19506353A1 (de) 1995-02-23 1996-08-29 Schenck Ag Carl Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Benetzen mit einem Fluid
DE19515734A1 (de) 1995-05-03 1996-11-07 Schenkmann & Piel Verfahrenste Verfahren zur Herstellung von Holzfasern

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ATE507949T1 (de) 2011-05-15
EP1670623A1 (fr) 2006-06-21
DE502004012474D1 (de) 2011-06-16
WO2005039842A1 (fr) 2005-05-06
DE10347052A1 (de) 2005-05-04

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