Classifications

• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E04—BUILDING
  • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
  • E04C5/00—Reinforcing elements, e.g. for concrete; Auxiliary elements therefor
  • E04C5/16—Auxiliary parts for reinforcements, e.g. connectors, spacers, stirrups
  • E04C5/162—Connectors or means for connecting parts for reinforcements
  • E04C5/163—Connectors or means for connecting parts for reinforcements the reinforcements running in one single direction
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E04—BUILDING
  • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
  • E04C5/00—Reinforcing elements, e.g. for concrete; Auxiliary elements therefor
  • E04C5/01—Reinforcing elements of metal, e.g. with non-structural coatings
  • E04C5/02—Reinforcing elements of metal, e.g. with non-structural coatings of low bending resistance
  • E04C5/04—Mats
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E04—BUILDING
  • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
  • E04C5/00—Reinforcing elements, e.g. for concrete; Auxiliary elements therefor
  • E04C5/01—Reinforcing elements of metal, e.g. with non-structural coatings
  • E04C5/06—Reinforcing elements of metal, e.g. with non-structural coatings of high bending resistance, i.e. of essentially three-dimensional extent, e.g. lattice girders
  • E04C5/0636—Three-dimensional reinforcing mats composed of reinforcing elements laying in two or more parallel planes and connected by separate reinforcing parts
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E04—BUILDING
  • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
  • E04C5/00—Reinforcing elements, e.g. for concrete; Auxiliary elements therefor
  • E04C5/01—Reinforcing elements of metal, e.g. with non-structural coatings
  • E04C5/06—Reinforcing elements of metal, e.g. with non-structural coatings of high bending resistance, i.e. of essentially three-dimensional extent, e.g. lattice girders
  • E04C5/0636—Three-dimensional reinforcing mats composed of reinforcing elements laying in two or more parallel planes and connected by separate reinforcing parts
  • E04C5/064—Three-dimensional reinforcing mats composed of reinforcing elements laying in two or more parallel planes and connected by separate reinforcing parts the reinforcing elements in each plane being formed by, or forming a, mat of longitunal and transverse bars
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E04—BUILDING
  • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
  • E04C5/00—Reinforcing elements, e.g. for concrete; Auxiliary elements therefor
  • E04C5/01—Reinforcing elements of metal, e.g. with non-structural coatings
  • E04C5/06—Reinforcing elements of metal, e.g. with non-structural coatings of high bending resistance, i.e. of essentially three-dimensional extent, e.g. lattice girders
  • E04C5/065—Light-weight girders, e.g. with precast parts
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E04—BUILDING
  • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
  • E04C5/00—Reinforcing elements, e.g. for concrete; Auxiliary elements therefor
  • E04C5/16—Auxiliary parts for reinforcements, e.g. connectors, spacers, stirrups
  • E04C5/162—Connectors or means for connecting parts for reinforcements
  • E04C5/166—Connectors or means for connecting parts for reinforcements the reinforcements running in different directions
  • E04C5/167—Connection by means of clips or other resilient elements

Definitions

• This invention relates to the design of framework for the reinforcement of structures, including reinforcement for cementations, more particularly, the invention relates to an aperture reinforcement device that girds and cinctures other reinforcement in order to enhance composite and ductile properties of reinforcement arrays.
• Trusses and composite trusses of various kinds have been constructed over the years with a variety of designs, connections, methodology and materials. Some have been designed into space frames as the reinforcement matrix for structural panels with facings of cementatious material. In all such panels, the optimization of structural strength, ductility and consequent composite behavior is clearly desirable. Some have featured a disposition of elements attached so as to form loops or apertures of reinforcement. Such apertures have served to elaborate t ⁇ e embedment of reinforcement in cementations in an attempt to enhance composite action. However, such panels have been deficient in their ductility, that is, the ability to undergo changes of form without breaking or falling apart.
• Prefabricated panels are factory made and shipped to a site for assembly Into interior and exterior walls of a building. Some panels are also made directly at the building site. Such prior panels typically have a framework, commonly of wond or metal studs and or wire, readymad ⁇ with an insulativ ⁇ core and sometimes incorporating electrical wirings and plumbing. Prefabricated panels have means for attachment to each other along abutting edges and for attachment to roof trusses, rafters, flooring and foundations. Panels have been constructed to withstand the various types of forces that buildings typically undergo such as compression forces from floor loads and roofs.
• Such panels have also been designed to provide insulation, weather-tight sealing, and to be connected to adjacent panels, roof systems, and to footers.
• the panels have typically been connected to roof trusses or rafters using conventional brackets, which are nailed to the wooden rafters or trusses and to wooden headers.
• the brackets are designed to withstand the forces exerted by seismic events and the lifting forces exerted upon roof structures by wind.
• the structural systems of a building resist such forces well to the degree that they enable the building to behave as a unit under stress rather than failing at points of attachment or across surfaces, weakening the structure and making it susceptible to catastrophic failure.
• the degree of composite, or unitized, behavior of a structure and of the elements used to build it increases with increased ductility of structural interconnection.
• the present invention is directed towards a means to construct monolithic composite insulated structures from elements that can comprise a panel system and that addresses composite behavior and ductility of structures.
• Said structure not only provides superior strength against compression and tension forces longitudinally, and laterally, and transversely but also anchors, braces, positions and strengthens structural trusses in a truss system.
• Walls, roots, floors, and foundations areB ⁇ d tc ⁇ ether ⁇ n such a manner as to provide a greatty increased tension and compression and shear strength and resistance to lifting and shaking forces.
• Fig. 1A is a Curvilinear web element
• Fig. 18 shows a truss with apertures formed between web vertices and dual attached cords.
• Fig. 1C shows a truss with apertures formed between angled vertices and attached cords.
• Fig. 1D shows one pair of intersecting trusses 12b in an array to form a panel assemblage.
• Fig. 1 E shows a longitudinal cross section of a plurality of trusses 12b Fig 1C in an array to form a panel assemblage Fig 1D.
• Fig. 1Fand G show ductile right angle truss aperture interconnections (e.g. wall and floor).
• Fig. 2A shows truss aperture formation by weaving of the web element over the cord.
• Fig. 2B shows lateral reinforcement cinctured by apertures formed by alternating wed vertices.
• Fig. 2C is a lateral cross section of a wrapped web cincturing both cord and lateral reinforcement
• Fig. 2D is a longitudinal cross section of a woven web aperture cincturing cords and a lateral.
• Fig.3A is a view of an independent locatable cincturing device.
• Fig. 3B is a view s of an independently locatable cincturing aperture device.
• Fig. 3C shows reinforcement cinctured at a right angel by the aperture shown in figures 3A and 3B.
• Fig. 3D shows cincturing of a point loaded dual web, lateral reinforcement, a cincture-tightening bar and a longitudinal cord.
• Fig. 3E, 3F show differing views of an alternate independent aperture device.
• Fig. 3G, 3H show cro9ssing and lapping cinctured by an independent aperture device.
• Fig. 3I.J.K show the form and use of another independent aperture.
• Fig. 3L shows a locatable aperture laterally restraining reinforcement at a cord and vertex cincture.
• Fig. 3M shows Mesh reinforcement cinctured between cords and lateral via truss aperture.
• Fig.4A shows an insulative panel core element grooved to position and dispose truss webs.
• Fig.4B shows a truss with curvilinear web integrated into grooves of an insulative core element.
• Fig. 5A shows a foundation conection, truss, core, and cementation design alternative.
• Fig. 5 ⁇ . 5C show composite formats wit alternative aperture and positioning devices.
• Fig. 50 is a truss core array with intersecting truss planes and aperture connections.
• Fig. 5E is a truss and core with parallel truss planes and aperture connections.
• a preferred embodiment of the aperture 11 of the present invention is comprised of a continuous reinforcement element 7 shown in (Fig 1A ) bent to a curvilinear wavefo ⁇ m forming vertices $ and comprising a web 7 of a truss 12 (Fig 1B) formed by affixing one or more chords 8a, 8b to said web 7 at a predetermined location such that each vertex ⁇ extends beyond the attachment location of cords 8a, 8b forming an aperture of predetermined size.
• An array of reinforcement comprised of a plurality of trusses 12 are integrated into a space frame shown in (Fig 1) of predetermined length, width, and thickness by the insertion and attachment of lateral reinforcement 8c,d of predetermined size through aligned apertures 11 of spaced trusses.
• truss 12 is disposed in spatial relationships with its neighbor by elements of an insulative core shown m ⁇ Fig ⁇ 31), whose grooved transverse faces ⁇ lheT central web area of trusses 11.
• Space frame (Fi ⁇ 1D) is built up from interspersed truss 12 and insulative core elements 15. The predetermined dimensions of core elements 15 dispose and establish truss 1 spacing and truss 12 in turn positions core elements 15 in relation to space frame ( Fig 1E ) reinforcement attachments to allow required embedment in the event cementations (20) are applied.
• aperture 11 is formed in truss 12b by attachment of cords 8a,b to web 7.
• ⁇ Cords 8a, b are distinguished by being located on laterally opposite sides of web 6 without regard to their transverse relative position.
• ⁇ Vertices ⁇ of web 7 are bent at equal but opposite angles on transversely opposite sides of web 7 (Fig 1C).
• a space frame (Fig 1D) comprises a plurality of trusses 12b with each truss 12b rotated
• each truss 12 In a given plurality is spaced, positioned and rotated equally and in opposite directions from its neighbors around a longitudinal axis so that the angled vertices 6 (Fig 1D) of neighboring trusses 12b lie flush with each other, sandwiched between two cords 8a,b. (Planes folded plate) Paired apertures 11
• Fig ID are then integrated laterally by the insertion of lateral reinforcement 8c,d through and attachment to aligned apertures 11 comprised of the bounding vertices 7 and cords 12 of the space frame array (Fig 1D).
• Fig 1D is shown in lateral cross section in (Fig 1E) presenting a folded plate truss structure comprised of lateral reinforcement cords 8c interconnecting and cinctured by apertures 11 formed by vertices 6a and longitudinal truss cords 8a.
• Truss web elements 7 serve in both longitudinal and lateral truss structures intersecting, in space frame (Ftg 1D), to form substantially quadrilateral-based pyramidal structures.
• Each pair of vertices 8a and cincturing apertures 11 form the apex, or summit vertex, of a pyramidal structure and also one comer of the square base of a neighboring inverted pyramidal form
• a transverse cross section shown in (Fig 1E) reveals- the result ing a folded plate truss structure and space- frame (Fig D) thus provides three dTmehsional structural action.
• appropriately shaped and yiooved core elements may also used to dispose, position, and assemble space frames (Fig 1D) from trusses 12b and lateral reinforcement 8c, 8d forming modular panelized insulative core and reinforcement components for embedment in cementations.
• Perpendicular ductile truss connections 13 in which ⁇ pettums 11 (Figs 1 ⁇ and 1 H) formed by two connected web elements of a truss are overlapped in the area of truss interinterconnection such that lateral reinforcement 8c, 8d passes through apertures of both trusses at interconnection points 13a and 13B.
• Apertures 11 Fig 2A are formed by the weaving and attachment of web 7b, 7a elements around dual cords 8b, 8a to form vertices 6b, 6c each of which wraps one cord 8a, 8b to form cincturing vertex 11.
• truss 12 (Fig 2B) is configured with vertices 6d, 6e alternating from side to side of a single cord 8 forming cincturing apertures 11 girdling lateral reinforcement
• Apertures 11 are formed by the bending, weaving, sewing, or tying of web 7.
• FIG. 2D and 2E is a longitudinal cross section view of two truss cords 8a, 8b and perpendicular lateral reinforcement 8c, d girdles and cinctured by aperture
• FIG. 11 formed by continuous web 7.
• Cincture 13b saddles one reinforcement element 8, and the second Is then communicated through the girding apertures formed between the saddled reinforcement 8 and the vertices 6g or 6h of cincture 13a left unoccupied by the saddling procedure (Figs 3C ⁇ .
• FIG. 3D An application of I ⁇ caS&le ctnct ⁇ re T3b to web 7, cord 8, and lateral reinforcement 8c, d, 8e (Fig 3D). views of locatable cincture 13c applicable as described for cincture 13b by saddling and insertion of reinforcement (Fig 3E and 3F). cincture 13d used for both crossing and lapping reinforcernent(Flgs 3G and 3H). of locatable cincturing devices(Figs 3I through 3L).
• the manner of using the aperture device 11 is adaptable to structural requirements of any given form or disposition and can be erected as follows: panels can be fabricated and erected as framework reinforcement at site as follows: a preferred embodiment an element of said core 15 panels are placed on a horizontal surface with an edge 16 facing upward which has been grooved 14 to fit and position a truss 12. In this example, two opposite edges 16 of core panel 15 element are grooved 14. An adhesive is applied to said edge 16 and an element of an Anvick aperture (11) composite truss 12a-z configuration is fitted within the preformed grooves 14 which accept half of the girth of the wehhinp element 7 and position said element with respect to said core paneHS.
• a corresponding grooved core paneHS element is fitted on top of the first element and completes the embedment of the first truss 12 configuration.
• the positioning Is such that there Is sufficient clearance between the truss 12 and reinforcement attachment points 8a,b,c,d for required embedment in cementations 20.
• This process is repeated, the core panel elements 15 aligned flush with each other and positioning the truss 12 array, until the desired panel width is assembled.
• Once said adhesive has set the panel can be set in place on an arrangement of reinforcement protruding at predetermined spatial relation from a previously formed foundation structure 18.
• independently locatable aperture cincturing devices 13a-z attach the foundation reinforcement 18 to either the lateral 8c,d or longitudinal 8a, b reinforcement elements when the aperture connecting, lateral reinforcement 8c,d are inserted through the apertures 11.
• Welded wire fabric 19 can be installed, if called for, prior to the ad dition of said lateral reinforcement 8c,d. which then serves to cincture 13f, said fabric when installed overlt.
• ⁇ yster ⁇ components alternatively may be fabricated off site.
• each truss 12b in a given plurality is spaced, aligned, and then rotated in an opposite direction from adjacent trusses 12b so that they intersect at their corresponding apertures 11.
• Said apertures 11 of said adjacent trusses 12 are bent at an angle to the web 7 so that they lie flush with one another.
• Cords 8a and 8b of said trusses 12 sandwich the attached, paired, flush positioned vertices 6a forming paired apertures 11.
• Reinforcement 8c,d is then inserted and communicated through and girded within said apertures 11 to complete an embodiments basic array.
• the resulting array is a folded plate structure with multidirectional truss 12 behavior.
• Said curvilinear and or wave form webbing 7 effect provides for a real three dimensional structural action once connecting reinforcement 8,c,d ,and 18, and cementations 20 are installed.
• a truss 12b structure is elaborated by assembling said trusses 12 edge to edge in planes which intersect at longitudinal lines of vertices 6a which alternate from side to side of the resulting three dimensional space frame, along a transverse axis perpendicular to a longitudinal axis.
• This transverse axis in cross section consequently resembles a longitudinal cross section, consisting of alternating substantially equilateral triangles, neighboring triangles inverted, between parallel lines, bases of said triangular cross section composed of cords 8c,d which pass through cincturing vertices 6a along the intersecting planes of longitudinal trusses 12.
• Vertices 6a in this embodiment are bet ⁇ : at Sri angkf and al a location as to allow therrf to lie flush Wit each other, to be sandwiched between the double cords of a longitudinal truss, and to protrude beyond said cords sufficiently to allow a connecting transverse cords Sc.d to be threaded through the cincturing girdle formed between said dual cords and protruding vertex.
• Said cords 12 form alternating lines from side to side of a so comprised space frame along said space frames longitudinal axis at the alternating vertices 6a of the continuous web 7 element initially described. Alternating intersecting planes of trusses 12 in both longitudinal and transverse sfr ⁇ cTures.
• Each cinctXired verieYlSa of a frame is one comer of the square base of one or more said structures, depending upon location at an edge, corner, or in the field of a panel of this configuration of space frame, as well as summit vertex 6a of an inverted neighboring one, the alternate square bases forming a substantially planar opposite surface lattices of a space frame.
• Independently locatable apertures can be shaped in a variety of shapes. When placed onto the array locatable apertures require cross reinforcement to by communicated into and held disposed within said aperture to effect installation of said aperture.
• Trusses so equipped with aperture devices are positioned to space, align, and support reinforcement extending through and between foundation cementations and connecting structures. Use of trusses with apertures aligns such reinforcement to coincide with reinforcement of the supported reinforcement array. Similarly such use is appropriate and desirable for bond beam construction.
• Trusses are rotated 90 degrees to one another so as the transverse face of foundation reinforcement trusses and bond beam trusses transverse face faces one another sandwiching a plurality of trusses so equipped and cincturing at least one ⁇ *F each trusses longitudinal cords ( in the case of a bond beam) and or foundation/connecting reinforcement in the case of use in foundation.
• This device is used at openings in arrays by attaching the un-corded and bent vertices to longitudinal or lateral cords in an array and cincturing said one cord truss to said array with cross reinforcement.
• the Anvick composite aperture connection of this invention can be used in structural cementations and other hybrid material structures
• the walls can be pre assembled, or p re-formed, offsite according to the required size dimensions and then transported to the job site.
• a continuous element can be formed into an entire panel array forming transverse, lateral, and longitudinal elements from one continuous element
• Simple trusses of conventional re bar can be permitted by building officials without need for testing.
• Elements of differing configurations can be intermixed throughout an array. And many other potential configurations can be made.

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• 2003
  • 2003-12-04 US US10/728,331 patent/US20060137282A1/en not_active Abandoned
  • 2003-12-05 EP EP03814653A patent/EP1664453A4/de not_active Withdrawn
  • 2003-12-05 WO PCT/US2003/038715 patent/WO2004061247A2/en not_active Application Discontinuation
  • 2003-12-05 CA CA002543405A patent/CA2543405A1/en not_active Abandoned
  • 2003-12-05 AU AU2003297678A patent/AU2003297678A1/en not_active Abandoned

Patent Citations (7)

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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