Classifications

• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B44—DECORATIVE ARTS
  • B44C—PRODUCING DECORATIVE EFFECTS; MOSAICS; TARSIA WORK; PAPERHANGING
  • B44C5/00—Processes for producing special ornamental bodies
  • B44C5/04—Ornamental plaques, e.g. decorative panels, decorative veneers

Definitions

• the present invention relates to a surface covering element, in particular in the field of architecture, as well as its manufacturing process and its installation method.
• This element is called 'modenature element'.
• This element used in the field of construction, in particular in Building, is mainly an element of ornamentation or decoration (more rarely it can have one or more technical functions), intended, normally, to be attached to a surface (or support ), such as a wall or facade surface of a building, to give it a particular profile, in particular an architectural style, for example to form reliefs such as horizontal strips, framing, plinths, etc.
• this element is of elongated or linear shape, with advantageously constant profile (one can also speak of molding) and is then more specifically called 'profile of modenature'.
• the present invention has sought to develop a new type of modenature element for the new or renovation market, light and safe, more practical to handle, easier and ready to install, which can if necessary be put in place. work by an individual.
• This object is achieved thanks to the modenature element according to the invention comprising at least one core provided with at least one coating and comprising at least one network of interlaced wires trapped in the thickness of at least part of the core and / or coating and projecting at least one edge of the element.
• the network has at least one dimension (width and / or length) greater than the corresponding dimension on the side where it is trapped (the network being thereby imprisoned only in part).
• it protrudes in the width direction of the side on which it is trapped, its length possibly being identical to or different from that of said side and preferably being at least close (generally identical) or even greater than that of said side.
• it protrudes at least two edges, on either side of the side where it is located, in particular it exceeds, in the width direction, the lengths of the element.
• the network preferably exceeds a few centimeters, in particular at least 4 cm, preferably at least 8 cm, and generally approximately ten centimeters, or even more, in particular to allow the masking of its free edges, good attachment to the support and possible covering by other elements, for example in a process of thermal insulation from the outside.
• the network therefore has a part (generally the central part) trapped in at least part of the coating and at least one or two free edges.
• the free edge (s) can be folded, if necessary, for example on the side intended to remain in view, to protect it during the transport of the element and / or so as not to hinder the bonding of the side intended to be in contact with the support.
• At least one network of intertwined wires is trapped in the thickness of at least part of the core and / or of the coating.
• This network is formed of wires arranged in at least two directions (preferably in two perpendicular directions) and advantageously linked together; it may for example be a grid, possibly a fabric, a mat, or even several sets of superimposed threads (or fibers), etc.
• this network has meshes of 1 to 8 mm (preferably 3 to 7 mm) on the side and advantageously it is a grid or fabric (for example a grid of the type of those used in thermal insulation by outside).
• the threads forming the network can be threads of an organic material and / or an inorganic material, such as threads of polypropylene, glass, carbon, aramid, mixed threads, etc. and are advantageously reinforcing threads, such as glass threads.
• these are alkali-resistant cements of cement by their composition and / or by their treatment or coating (for example AR glass fibers - alkali-resistant - and / or more conventional E glass treated with a suitable size and / or impregnating composition, etc.).
• the network can be welded to the core or be trapped in the core for example by heating the network and then inlaying in the core (the coating clogging, if necessary, the hollows (or grooves) caused and s 'thus clinging better to the soul).
• the network is rather trapped (or mounted) in at least part of the coating, generally close to the core.
• the assembly thus obtained has strength characteristics compatible with its use, in particular a tensile breaking strength (tearing from the network) generally greater than 0.08 N / mm 2 .
• the network is advantageously on the side intended to be in contact with the support. Preferably close to both the core and the support, it participates in the maintenance of the element on said support, in particular during the drying of the adhesive coating.
• the presence of the previously described network offers numerous advantages in combination with the other constituents of the modenature element according to the invention.
• it allows direct application of the element on a support such as a facade and ensures the durability of the assembly after gluing with coatings such as facade coatings, with durability and aging at least comparable to those of a facade plaster, as explained later.
• the element according to the invention is in the form of a profile.
• the core is advantageously made of light material (s), in particular having a density of between 9 and 300 kg / m 3 and preferably between 25 and 40 kg / m 3 (especially in the case where the expanded polystyrene is used), this (s) material (s) being further advantageously chosen (s) from those whose characteristics (such as resistance to compression, traction, bending, shear, temperature, etc.) allow a specific use on the facade, for example expanded polystyrene (in particular according to standard NF 56-201 and / or used in thermal insulation from the outside), and / or expanded polyurethane, etc.
• the core can be produced in various known ways according to the (s) constituent material (s). In the case of expanded polystyrene and expanded polyurethane, the core can be obtained by cutting from prefabricated blocks obtained in known manner, in particular by expansion and agglomeration of balls
• the core is preferably full, and when the element according to the invention is a profile, is itself generally in the form of a profile. Depending on the material used, this core can easily be cut to the desired profile and length.
• the core is provided with a coating (more particularly an exterior coating) in at least a part of at least one side (or at least one face), advantageously at least that intended to be in contact with the support to receive the element, and preferably on the whole of said side as well as on at least a part, and preferably all, of the side (or of the face or faces) intended to remain in view once installed the element according to the invention.
• This coating can be produced in one or more layers, identical or different, the number and / or the thickness and / or the type of layers also being able to vary according to the places. According to an advantageous embodiment, this coating is produced in several layers, in particular with different characteristics, on the side intended to remain in view.
• the core is coated with at least one layer (in one or more passes depending on the desired thickness) of a first coating on all of its faces intended either to be in contact with the support, or to remain in view, this first coating advantageously having a composition such that the shell which it forms around the core has good properties of resistance to cracking and flexibility, for example a coating called 'fiber' (comprising fibers) , a second coating (in one or more passes depending on the desired thickness), easy to smooth and serving in particular as a finishing coating (generally without fibers), covering the first on the face or faces intended to remain visible so to offer a more pleasant aesthetic and, if necessary, to be more suitable for receiving an additional decoration of paint type.
• a coating called 'fiber' comprising fibers
• a second coating in one or more passes depending on the desired thickness
• easy to smooth and serving in particular as a finishing coating generally without fibers
• each layer can vary, in particular from one face to another, this thickness generally being between 0 and 5 mm, the total thickness of the coating on each covered side being preferably between 0 and 15 mm .
• the thickness of the coating the side intended to be in contact with the support is between 0.5 and 5 mm, and more particularly between 1 and 4 mm.
• the face intended to be in contact with the support may be coated with a layer 1 to 4 mm thick with a first fiber coating and the face or faces intended to remain in view may be coated a layer with a thickness of 1 to 4 mm of the same first coating or possibly another fiber coating, followed by a layer of 0 to 3 mm of a second coating acting as a finishing coating.
• the coating or plasters used can advantageously be chosen from the plasters commonly used for smoothing facades or in thermal insulation from the outside, in particular from organic plasters, preferably those that can be applied to thicknesses up to 5 mm, easy to work, easy to smooth and / or with good resistance to cracking.
• these coatings are formed from an organic binder (consisting for example of an aqueous dispersion based on synthetic resin (s) chosen in particular from acrylic resins, acrylic styrene, vinyl acrylate, versatate, etc.) and mineral fillers, chosen for example from those used in organic paints or coatings, such as calcium carbonate, siliceous fillers, etc.
• fibers in the case of fiber coatings, for example fibers of polypropylene, polyamide, poly acrylonitrile, glass, etc. and / or one or more specific adjuvants such as those used in paint, for example rheological additives, biocidal protective agents, dispersants, boilers, etc. and / or pigments, especially those used in paint, etc.
• Air or chemical organic or organo-mineral paints, thick plastic coatings, semi-thick coatings based on acrylic resin, vinyl-acrylate, versatate, siloxane etc., can also be used instead of at least one coatings mentioned above, on at least part, and preferably all, of the side (or of the face or faces) intended to remain in view once the element according to the invention has been placed.
• the coating can be carried out by any method allowing the desired thickness to be obtained for each layer, each layer being optionally dried before depositing the next, in particular in the case of overlapping layers; for example, each layer deposition can be carried out in one or several passes by pulling (or smoothing) the coating chosen on the core using a template of the desired profile or by spraying the coating on the core or in an appropriate mold before insertion of the core, etc.
• the coating thus obtained makes it possible in particular to offer a smoother and more resistant surface and having a better aesthetic than the core and being more suitable for receiving additional decorations such as paint, lacquer, varnish, etc.
• the coating produced can be left bare, can be colored in the mass (due to the presence of pigments in the surface coating), or can also be coated with one or more layers, for example of organic or organic paint.
• mineral or of a semi-thick coating of the same nature for example based on acrylic, silicone, siloxane, etc.
• it can be chosen so as to have an appearance close to stone or to a hydraulic coating (of sought-after appearance, this type of coating, however, being less resistant to cracking than organic coatings).
• the coating can also be structured (with specific surface effects), for example by striating, stamping, shoeing, creating ribs, etc. especially at the level of the surface coating or finish.
• the element according to the invention can also comprise other constituents inserted, in particular in the core and / or the coating or at the junction of the two and / or on the network, in particular can comprise at least one film or waterproof layer (for example polyvinyl chloride, polyurethane, acrylic, etc.), for example of the order of 0.5 to 2 mm in thickness, in order to prevent the penetration of water into the modenature element.
• the waterproof film or layer protrudes from the element, for example by at least a few centimeters on either side of the lengths of the element.
• the element according to the invention can have various sizes.
• its thickness (or height) is between 10 and 150 mm, its length, outside the free edges of the network (that is to say that simply of the coated core), does not exceed 2.50 m, and its width, excluding free edges of the network, is between 20 and 200 mm.
• the side of the element intended to be in contact with the support is adapted to the contours of the surface on which it is to be placed; in general and advantageously, it is planar or approximately planar, the side which must remain in view is usually in relief.
• the element can also be slightly curved or curved (especially during its application), its characteristics of flexibility allowing it to absorb large curvatures (for example of the order of 1 cm of arrow, or even more) without causing breakage, detachment or cracking.
• the element according to the invention can have different shapes depending on the desired aesthetic effect, but also if necessary depending on the juxtapositions with other parts or coatings of the support, such as facade coatings, plates of insulation or reinforcing grids, in particular in thermal insulation from the outside, and / or depending on the flow of runoff water (slope effects), etc.
• the element according to the invention has many advantages; in particular, it is suitable for the new and renovation market and can in particular be integrated into any thermal insulation process from the outside (absence of a thermal bridge in particular); it is ready to install and easy to install; light (generally between 0.1 and 50 kg / m 2 and advantageously having less than 20 kg / m 2 ), it does not constitute a significant overload on a building and meets the safety standards in force in this area; it has in particular a durability and an aging at least comparable to that of a facade coating, in particular does not present any degradation or cracking at the end of the aging cycles described by the EOTA guide in thermal insulation from the outside (guide European technical approval for exterior thermal insulation systems by plaster) and / or at the end of artificial aging tests for exterior coverings according to standard NF T 30-049 and / or NF P 84-402; it offers great freedom of creation, can be combined with many coatings, has an improved contact surface due to the presence of the integrated network thus allowing better mechanical resistance on the support as well as a consolidation
• the present invention also relates to a method of manufacturing the modenature element in which at least part of a core is covered with at least one covering, and in which part of at least one network of wires crisscross is introduced into at least part of the core and / or the covering.
• the introduction of the network can be done in different ways, for example by heating and then encrustation in the core, possibly by application to the core before depositing the coating, or preferably by introduction (masking) in at least part of the coating before complete solidification thereof, for example in at least part of a first layer (or pass) of coating, followed if necessary by the application (or superposition) of a new layer (or pass) of the coating on the first layer (or pass) generally solidified.
• the core can be formed for example by molding and / or cutting from expanded blocks, the coating can be applied using a template or by projection, etc., and a cutting operation can be performed on the core before coating and / or on the element obtained, for example to adapt its length as required.
• Other constituents can also be inserted, for example in the core during its formation, and / or between the core and the coating and / or in the coating and / or on the network (for example a sealing film , fixing elements, etc.), the weight of these elements preferably remaining limited (for example less than 6 kg / m 2 ) and / or other operations can be carried out on the element such as the application of '' painting, surface structuring, slight bending, etc.
• the present invention also relates to the ready-to-use assembly or kit comprising the element according to the invention or optionally comprising its constituents to be combined according to the preceding process, as well as a structure or a support, such as a facade of building, provided with the element according to the invention.
• the element according to the invention can be packaged with the network folded, for example on the side intended to remain visible, the network possibly being held in place by a removable means such as one or more adhesive strips and / or one or more elastic bracelets, etc.
• the packaging comprising the element with its possible fasteners can be a plastic bag or a cardboard case, etc., and this assembly can be provided, where appropriate, with at least one printing and / or label and / or notice.
• the element can also be coupled in a kit to at least one or more suitable coatings for mounting on a support such as a facade.
• the present invention also relates to a method of installing the element on a surface or support, for example on a facade or a wall (new or old building, already coated or not, etc.), in which said surface is glued and / or the side of the element to be in contact with the surface, the element is applied to said surface and then the free part or parts of the network of interwoven wires are coated.
• the element according to the invention being particularly light, it generally does not require mechanical fixing. It is not however excluded to use temporary fixings (for example nails through the network), dowels, shims (for example under the element), etc. in particular to avoid any sliding of the element during its bonding.
• the surface or support to receive the profile is generally clean (cleaned), healthy (in particular not likely to fragment or crumble), dusted and dry. It is preferably flat or slightly curved. If necessary, the support may have been previously treated (for example pickled, smoothed, washed, provided with reshaped, caulked, etc.) and / or provided with one or more layers of coating (in particular methods of thermal insulation from the outside), for example to equalize the surface and make it suitable for receiving the element according to the invention, to seal cracks, waterproof the support and / or participate in the insulation of the support, etc.
• the location of the element is generally marked on the surface (by tracing in pencil, marking with metal points, in particular at the corners, etc.).
• the element is cut to the desired dimension, for example using a fine-tooth saw and a miter box or a grasshopper or a square, etc.
• the surface to receive the element and / or the side of the element to be in contact with the surface is then glued, for example in the second case by depositing a suitable mortar (or plaster) rod in the center of said side then optionally by distributing said rod on said side, for example using a comb, preferably avoiding the edges so as not to overflow on the free edges of the network.
• the glue (or mortar or plaster) used for the bonding can be chosen from different types of mortars traditionally used in the building, depending where appropriate on the support (cement, lime-cement, concrete, masonry, paste - or tiles - of glass, porcelain stoneware, polystyrene, wood, fiber cement, plaster, organic or inorganic coating, etc.) intended to receive the element according to the invention and its destination (simple decoration, thermal insulation from the outside, etc.); the mortar can in particular be chosen from adhesive mortars (or plasters), mortars (or plasters) for thermal insulation from the outside, etc.
• the element is preferably an organic coating (the use of a hydraulic coating not being however excluded in the case for example of a support of same nature), this coating possibly also being one of the coatings of the element according to the invention.
• the element is then applied to the intended surface (provided with coating (s) or not), pressing if necessary in order to crush the bonding mortar, and before drying thereof.
• the element is temporarily held in place using for example one or more metal points (in particular under the profile and / or in the canvas) generally until the glue has completely dried.
• independent reinforcements such as grids
• these can be applied (glued, incorporated, strengthened, trapped) in a first layer plaster, still fresh, deposited on the laying surface, before bonding of the elements according to the invention on the fresh or dry plaster and superimposition if necessary by the networks of said elements, and / or can, after bonding of the elements according to the invention, be applied in the still fresh coating used to coat the free edges of the networks belonging to the elements and thus come to be superimposed on said networks.
• each new layer is preferably deposited after drying the previous one.
• each element When joining with other elements, the joining surfaces (or butt ends) of each element can be glued, for example with a thin layer of the mortar used for bonding and / or the first plaster used to coat the soul of the element.
• the elements are then pressed one against the other in position on the laying surface, the protruding adhesive mortar being if necessary wiped in order to have a clean seal.
• one or more plasters or mortars (identical (s) or different (s) from the preceding plasters or mortars), such as bonding mortar and / or one or more decorative or thermal insulation mortars, one or more plasters for hydraulic (for example lime or cement) or organic, etc. are then applied to the free edges of the networks.
• the plaster or mortar can generally be cleaned, for example with water before drying.
• a primer making it possible to standardize the surface or favoring the subsequent attachment of in particular organic finishes such as paints (the primer being for example in this case diluted paint) can also be applied after bonding of the modenature element, in particular on at least part of the side of the element intended to remain in view.
• a watertight seal for example a bead of acrylic sealant, can be added to the junction, in particular the upper junction and possibly the lower (or even lateral) junction, of each element with the support in order to prevent any penetration of water between the façade coating and the element according to the invention, preferably before application of a final layer (for example of paint) on the element.
• this joint can be applied between two applications of layers; for example, a first layer, for example bonding mortar, can be deposited on the networks then, after drying of this layer, the joint can be deposited before possible application of a primer and covering with one or more plasters (and / or paints) finishing on all or part of the element.
• the elements according to the invention can then undergo other treatments, for example can be provided with one or more layers of coating (s), for example of paint (s), semi-thick coating (s), lacquer (s) ), varnish (preferably resistant to outdoor aging), etc.
• the elements 1 shown are profiles (asymmetrical in the figures but which may just as well be symmetrical), for example of the order of 1.20 m in length and respectively of the order of 60 mm in height for the first element and 30 mm for the second element, having a core 2 such as a core of expanded polystyrene with a density for example of the order of 25 to 35 kg / m 3 , coated with a first layer of a fiber coating 3 chosen by example among the fiber coatings sold by the company Weber and Broutin France, the thickness of this layer on the side a intended to be in contact with the support being for example of the order of 1.5 mm and the thickness of this layer on the side b intended to remain in view, for example of the order of 3 mm (layer deposited for example in one or two passes).
• a core 2 such as a core of expanded polystyrene with a density for example of the order of 25 to 35 kg / m 3
• a first layer of a fiber coating 3 chosen by example among the fiber coating
• This latter side also has an additional layer of a finishing plaster 4 chosen for example from the thin plasters sold by the company Weber and Broutin France, of variable thickness for example of the order of 2 - 3 mm.
• a glass grid 5 (scale not respected in particular in FIGS.
• the present profiles have a durability and an aging at least comparable to that of a facade plaster, in particular do not show any degradation or cracking at the end of the aging cycles described by the EOTA guide used for the thermal insulation processes. from the outside with coating, and at the end of artificial aging tests for coatings for outdoor use according to standards NF T 30-049 and NF T 84-402.
• the elements according to the invention can be used in particular in the decoration of facades (new market or renovation).

Landscapes

• Finishing Walls (AREA)
• Slide Fasteners, Snap Fasteners, And Hook Fasteners (AREA)
• Lining Or Joining Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
• Moulding By Coating Moulds (AREA)

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Publications (2)

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• 2003
  • 2003-09-03 FR FR0310413A patent/FR2859131B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
• 2004
  • 2004-09-02 WO PCT/FR2004/002246 patent/WO2005023560A2/fr not_active Ceased
  • 2004-09-02 EP EP04787301A patent/EP1663670B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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