EP1658438B1 - Liquid pump - Google Patents

Liquid pump Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1658438B1
EP1658438B1 EP04762564A EP04762564A EP1658438B1 EP 1658438 B1 EP1658438 B1 EP 1658438B1 EP 04762564 A EP04762564 A EP 04762564A EP 04762564 A EP04762564 A EP 04762564A EP 1658438 B1 EP1658438 B1 EP 1658438B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
pressure
valve piston
liquid pump
space
valve
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Fee Related
Application number
EP04762564A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1658438A1 (en
Inventor
Stanislaw Bodzak
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Robert Bosch GmbH
Original Assignee
Robert Bosch GmbH
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Filing date
Publication date
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Publication of EP1658438A1 publication Critical patent/EP1658438A1/en
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Publication of EP1658438B1 publication Critical patent/EP1658438B1/en
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04CROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04C14/00Control of, monitoring of, or safety arrangements for, machines, pumps or pumping installations
    • F04C14/24Control of, monitoring of, or safety arrangements for, machines, pumps or pumping installations characterised by using valves controlling pressure or flow rate, e.g. discharge valves or unloading valves
    • F04C14/26Control of, monitoring of, or safety arrangements for, machines, pumps or pumping installations characterised by using valves controlling pressure or flow rate, e.g. discharge valves or unloading valves using bypass channels
    • F04C14/265Control of, monitoring of, or safety arrangements for, machines, pumps or pumping installations characterised by using valves controlling pressure or flow rate, e.g. discharge valves or unloading valves using bypass channels being obtained by displacing a lateral sealing face
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02MSUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M37/00Apparatus or systems for feeding liquid fuel from storage containers to carburettors or fuel-injection apparatus; Arrangements for purifying liquid fuel specially adapted for, or arranged on, internal-combustion engines
    • F02M37/0011Constructional details; Manufacturing or assembly of elements of fuel systems; Materials therefor
    • F02M37/0023Valves in the fuel supply and return system
    • F02M37/0029Pressure regulator in the low pressure fuel system
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02MSUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M37/00Apparatus or systems for feeding liquid fuel from storage containers to carburettors or fuel-injection apparatus; Arrangements for purifying liquid fuel specially adapted for, or arranged on, internal-combustion engines
    • F02M37/0047Layout or arrangement of systems for feeding fuel
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02MSUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M37/00Apparatus or systems for feeding liquid fuel from storage containers to carburettors or fuel-injection apparatus; Arrangements for purifying liquid fuel specially adapted for, or arranged on, internal-combustion engines
    • F02M37/04Feeding by means of driven pumps
    • F02M37/041Arrangements for driving gear-type pumps
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02MSUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M37/00Apparatus or systems for feeding liquid fuel from storage containers to carburettors or fuel-injection apparatus; Arrangements for purifying liquid fuel specially adapted for, or arranged on, internal-combustion engines
    • F02M37/22Arrangements for purifying liquid fuel specially adapted for, or arranged on, internal-combustion engines, e.g. arrangements in the feeding system
    • F02M37/32Arrangements for purifying liquid fuel specially adapted for, or arranged on, internal-combustion engines, e.g. arrangements in the feeding system characterised by filters or filter arrangements
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02MSUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M37/00Apparatus or systems for feeding liquid fuel from storage containers to carburettors or fuel-injection apparatus; Arrangements for purifying liquid fuel specially adapted for, or arranged on, internal-combustion engines
    • F02M37/22Arrangements for purifying liquid fuel specially adapted for, or arranged on, internal-combustion engines, e.g. arrangements in the feeding system
    • F02M37/32Arrangements for purifying liquid fuel specially adapted for, or arranged on, internal-combustion engines, e.g. arrangements in the feeding system characterised by filters or filter arrangements
    • F02M37/44Filters structurally associated with pumps
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02MSUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M37/00Apparatus or systems for feeding liquid fuel from storage containers to carburettors or fuel-injection apparatus; Arrangements for purifying liquid fuel specially adapted for, or arranged on, internal-combustion engines
    • F02M37/22Arrangements for purifying liquid fuel specially adapted for, or arranged on, internal-combustion engines, e.g. arrangements in the feeding system
    • F02M37/54Arrangements for purifying liquid fuel specially adapted for, or arranged on, internal-combustion engines, e.g. arrangements in the feeding system characterised by air purging means

Definitions

  • the invention is based on a liquid pump according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • Such designed as a gear pump fluid pump is through the DE 196 25 564 A1 known.
  • This gear pump is provided for a fuel injection device of an internal combustion engine and has a housing in which a pumping chamber is formed. In the pumping chamber, a rotatably driven pair of gears meshing with each other on its outer periphery is arranged.
  • the gears convey fuel as the conveying medium from a suction chamber connected to a storage tank along between the circumference of the gears and peripheral walls of the pumping chamber formed conveying channels in a pressure chamber.
  • the gear pump also has a pressure relief valve to limit the pressure in the pressure chamber. When a predetermined pressure in the pressure chamber is exceeded, the pressure relief valve releases a connecting channel of the pressure chamber to the suction chamber.
  • the pressure relief valve has a valve piston, which is displaceably guided in a bore in a plane perpendicular to the axes of rotation of the gears and which cooperates with a valve seat.
  • the valve piston is displaceable against the force of a prestressed spring.
  • the liquid pump according to the invention with the features of claim 1 has the advantage that in this addition to the limitation of the delivery pressure and the flow rate is controlled so that regardless of the degree of contamination of the filter, the flow rate is set. This is done in a simple manner by depending on the pressure prevailing downstream of the filter, the force acting on the valve piston in the closing direction is varied.
  • FIG. 1 a gear pump in a section along line II in FIG. 2
  • FIG. 2 the gear pump in a section along line II-II in FIG. 1
  • FIG. 3 the gear conveyor pump schematically in a section along line III-III in FIG. 2 in an enlarged view.
  • One in the FIGS. 1 to 3 illustrated fluid pump is designed as a gear pump and arranged in a delivery line, not shown, from a storage tank to a high-pressure fuel pump or a fuel injection pump of a fuel injection device of an internal combustion engine, for example a motor vehicle.
  • the internal combustion engine is a self-igniting internal combustion engine
  • the fuel that is conveyed by the gear pump is diesel fuel.
  • the gear pump has a multi-part housing, which has a housing part 10 and a cover part 12. Between the housing part 10 and the cover part 12, a pumping chamber 14 is formed, in which a pair of gears 16,18 meshing with each other at their outer periphery is arranged.
  • the housing part 10 has to form the pumping chamber 14 has two recesses 20,22, from the bottom of each bearing pin 24,26 protrudes.
  • the bearing pins 24,26 are integrally formed with the housing part 10 and extend at least approximately parallel to each other.
  • the bearing pin 24,26 may be at least partially hollow to reduce the weight of the housing part 10.
  • the gear 16 has a bore 17, via which it is rotatably mounted on the bearing pin 24.
  • the gear 18 has a bore 19, via which it is rotatably mounted on the bearing pin 26.
  • the bearing pins 24,26 each have a rotation axis 25,27 for the gears 16,18.
  • the cover part 12 is fixedly connected to the housing part 10, for example by means of several Screws.
  • the housing part 10 and the lid part 12 are preferably made of light metal, in particular aluminum.
  • the gears 16,18 are preferably made of steel, in particular sintered steel.
  • the gear pump has a drive shaft 30 which is rotatably mounted in the housing part 10.
  • the drive shaft 30 is at least approximately coaxial with the bearing pin 24, wherein the housing part 10 has a bore which continues in the bearing pin 24 and through which the end of the drive shaft 30 passes. Between the bore and the drive shaft 30, a shaft seal is installed to seal the housing part 10.
  • the drive shaft 30 is coupled to the gear 16, for example via a arranged between the front end of the journal 24 and the cover member 12 coupling member 36.
  • the gear 16 is rotationally driven during operation of the gear pump via the drive shaft 30 and transmits this rotational movement via a spur gear teeth on the
  • the toothed wheels 16, 18 divide the pumping chamber 14 by their meshing engagement into two partial regions, of which a first partial region form a suction chamber 40 and a second partial region form a pressure chamber 42 ,
  • the suction chamber 40 is connected to the pressure chamber 42 via one each between the tooth grooves on the peripheral surfaces of the gears 16,18 and the upper and lower peripheral wall of the pumping chamber 14 formed conveying channel.
  • the suction chamber 40 and the pressure chamber 42 each have a connection opening in the wall of the housing part 10 or the cover part 12, via which the suction chamber 40 with a suction line, not shown from the storage tank and the pressure chamber 42 via a likewise not shown delivery line to the suction chamber of the high-pressure fuel pump or the fuel injection pump is connected.
  • the connection opening in the suction space 40 forms an inlet opening 46 and the Connection opening into the pressure chamber 42 forms an outlet opening 48.
  • the gear pump has a pressure relief valve 50, which is arranged in the housing, for example in the housing part 10.
  • a groove 52 is inserted, which extends between the pressure chamber 42 and the suction chamber 40.
  • the groove 52 has a length 1, a width b and a depth t.
  • the groove 52 extends as in FIG. 3 shown viewed in the direction of the axes of rotation 25,27 of the gears 24,26 considered approximately tangential to the gears 16,18 and the length 1 is dimensioned so that the groove 52 extends beyond the lines 54 of the top circles Dk of the gears 16,18.
  • the groove 52 is viewed in the direction of the axes of rotation 25,27 of the gears 16,18 at least approximately centrally disposed between the gears 16,18.
  • the groove 52 thus forms a from the pressure chamber 42 to the suction chamber 40 extending connecting channel.
  • the housing part 10 defines with the bottom of the recesses 20,22 the pumping chamber 14 with a small axial distance to the end faces of the gears 16,18.
  • a bore 56 is introduced, the diameter d is preferably slightly larger than the width b of the groove 52.
  • the bore 56 extends at least approximately parallel to the axes of rotation 25,27 of the gears 16,18 and is preferably with respect to a connecting line 58 between the axes of rotation 25,27 of the gears 16,18 offset by a dimension H to the pressure chamber 42 out.
  • the dimension H is preferably between about 2 and 5 mm.
  • a valve piston 60 is slidably guided as a valve member of the pressure relief valve 50.
  • the valve piston 60 is connected by a between this and the bottom of the bore 56 clamped compression spring 62, for example in the form of a helical compression spring, facing this end faces the gears 16,18 pushed out.
  • the end faces of the gears 16,18 are at least approximately flat and arranged at least approximately perpendicular to the axes of rotation 25,27.
  • the valve piston 60 is located on the end faces of the gears 16,18 in the region of the tooth engagement.
  • the space 64 which is limited by the valve piston 60 on its rear side facing away from the toothed wheels 16, 18, in the bore 56 is connected to the suction space 40 via a bore 66 in the housing part 10.
  • the valve piston 60 is acted upon by the pressure prevailing in the pressure chamber 42 on a part of its end faces facing the toothed wheels 16, 18, by means of which a force opposing the compression spring 62 is generated on the valve piston 60. If the force of the compression spring 62 is greater than the force generated by the pressure prevailing in the pressure chamber 42, the pressure piston 60 is in contact with the end faces of the gears 16,18, which form a valve seat. In this case, the passage through the groove 52 and thus the connection between the pressure chamber 42 and the suction chamber 40 is interrupted by the valve piston 60 in cooperation with the gears 16,18.
  • the pressure can be varied at which the pressure relief valve 50 opens .
  • the valve piston 60 With increasing pressure in the pressure chamber 42, the valve piston 60 is moved further into the bore 56, so that an increasingly larger flow area is released by the valve piston 60 in the groove 52.
  • the largest of the valve piston 60 released in the groove 52 flow area is preferably so large that the total amount of fuel delivered by the gears 16,18 can flow back from the pressure chamber 42 into the suction chamber 40, if no fuel may be promoted by the gear pump.
  • the cross-sectional area of the groove 52 which determines the maximum flow area, is preferably between about 30 and 60 mm 2 .
  • valve piston 60 is located on the end faces of the gears 16,18 in the region of the tooth engagement and is thus acted upon by the pressure prevailing between the teeth pressure. In pressure pulsations between the teeth of the valve piston 60 performs an evasive movement, whereby these pressure pulsations are attenuated and reduced.
  • the gear pump also has a bypass valve 70, through which a connection between the pressure chamber 42 and the suction chamber 40 can be released when the pressure in the pressure chamber 42 is less than in the suction chamber 40.
  • the bypass valve 70 has a valve member 72 which is acted upon by the pressure prevailing in the pressure chamber 42 and pressure is pressed by this to a valve seat 74 on the housing part 10.
  • the valve member 72 is arranged, for example, in a recess 76 of the groove 52 on the projecting into the pressure chamber 42 area.
  • the valve member 72 may for example consist of an elastomer and the valve seat 74 may be formed as a flat seat. From the valve seat 74, a bore 78 leads into the space 64 in the bore 56 behind the valve piston 60, which in turn is connected via the bore 66 with the suction chamber 40. On the valve member 72 also engages a closing spring 80, which may be, for example, arranged in the bore 78 prestressed tension spring, which acts on the one hand on the valve member 72 and on the other hand hooked on the last turn of the compression spring 62. By the closing spring 80, the valve member 72 with little force pulled toward the valve seat 74 and thereby achieved an investment in the valve seat 74 when the gear pump is not in operation.
  • a closing spring 80 which may be, for example, arranged in the bore 78 prestressed tension spring, which acts on the one hand on the valve member 72 and on the other hand hooked on the last turn of the compression spring 62.
  • the bypass valve 70 opens by the valve member 72 lifts from the valve seat 74 so that fuel can pass directly from the suction chamber 40 into the pressure chamber 42 and the pressure chamber 42 is filled with fuel. If during the further operation of the gear pump, the pressure in the pressure chamber 42 rises and is higher than the pressure in the suction chamber 40, the valve member 72 is pressed against the valve seat 74, so that the bypass valve 70 closes and the pressure chamber 42 is separated from the suction chamber 40.
  • the gear pump is preceded by a filter 82 in the fuel line, which is designed as a pre-filter and through which the fuel sucked by the gear pump from the storage tank flows.
  • the gear pump is also followed by a further filter 83 in the fuel line, which is designed as a fine filter and through which the pumped by the gear pump fuel to the high-pressure fuel pump or fuel injection pump flows. It can also be provided that only the pre-filter 82 upstream of the gear pump is present and no fine filter.
  • a further housing part 84 is arranged, which has a housing part 10 facing recess in which a pressure chamber 85 is formed.
  • the pressure chamber 85 is connected to an area downstream of the fine filter 83, so that the same pressure prevails in the pressure chamber 85 as downstream of the fine filter 83. If only the pre-filter 82 is present, the pressure chamber 85 is with an area downstream of the pre-filter 82 connected so that in the pressure chamber 85, the same pressure prevails as downstream of the pre-filter 82 and in front of the gear pump.
  • the pressure chamber 85 is limited in the recess of the housing part 84 on its side facing away from the housing part 10 by a movable wall 86 which is formed for example as a membrane.
  • the membrane 86 is braced by means of a sleeve 87 in the recess of the housing part 84.
  • a rod 88 is supported, which protrudes through a bore in the housing part 10 and rests against the valve piston 60.
  • a prestressed spring 89 is arranged, which is formed for example as a helical compression spring.
  • the diaphragm 86 is thus acted on the one hand by the pressure prevailing in the pressure chamber 85 and the other by the prestressed spring 89.
  • the pressure in the pressure chamber 85 is low, the diaphragm 86 and with it the rod 88 by the spring 89 to the valve piston Pressed 60 out, which acts on the valve piston 60 in addition to the compression spring 62, a further force in the closing direction.
  • the pressure in the pressure chamber 85 is high, the diaphragm 86 and with it the rod 88 is pulled away from the valve piston 60 against the force of the spring 89, so that a smaller force acts on the valve piston 60 in the closing direction.
  • the fine filter 83 or the pre-filter 82 are slightly contaminated, the fuel only flows through a small pressure loss, so that downstream of the filter a relatively high pressure prevails. In this case, there is also a high pressure in the pressure chamber 85, so that the opening movement of the valve piston 60 is essentially determined by the compression spring 62. If the fine filter 83 or the pre-filter 82 are heavily contaminated, then a large pressure loss occurs when flowing through with fuel, so that downstream of the filter a relatively low pressure prevails. In this case, there is also a low pressure in the pressure chamber 85, so that in addition to the force of the compression spring 62 as well the force of the spring 89 acts on the valve piston 60 in the closing direction and this opens only at a higher pressure in the pressure chamber 42. By the gear pump then a correspondingly higher pressure is generated and promoted a larger amount of fuel and the pressure and volume loss of the filter 82 and 83 compensated.
  • the liquid pump may also be designed, for example, as an internal gear pump or as a vane pump, wherein the pressure limiting valve 50 for pressure regulation and the pressure chamber 85 for regulating the flow rate may be used in the same way as described above.

Description

Stand der TechnikState of the art

Die Erfindung geht aus von einer Flüssigkeitspumpe nach der Gattung des Anspruchs 1.The invention is based on a liquid pump according to the preamble of claim 1.

Eine solche als Zahnradpumpe ausgebildete Flüssigkeitspumpe ist durch die DE 196 25 564 A1 bekannt. Diese Zahnradpumpe ist für eine Kraftstoffeinspritzeinrichtung einer Brennkraftmaschine vorgesehen und weist ein Gehäuse auf, in dem eine Pumpkammer gebildet ist. In der Pumpkammer ist ein rotierend angetriebenes Paar von an ihrem Außenumfang miteinander kämmender Zahnräder angeordnet. Die Zahnräder fördern Kraftstoff als Fördermedium aus einem mit einem Vorratstank verbundenen Ansaugraum entlang zwischen dem Umfang der Zahnräder und Umfangswänden der Pumpkammer gebildeten Förderkanälen in einen Druckraum. Die Zahnradpumpe weist außerdem ein Druckbegrenzungsventil zur Begrenzung des Drucks im Druckraum auf. Bei Überschreiten eines vorgegebenen Drucks im Druckraum gibt das Druckbegrenzungsventil einen Verbindungskanal des Druckraums zum Ansaugraum frei. Das Druckbegrenzungsventil weist einen Ventilkolben auf, der in einer Bohrung in einer zu den Drehachsen der Zahnräder senkrechten Ebene verschiebbar geführt ist und der mit einem Ventilsitz zusammenwirkt. Der Ventilkolben ist gegen die Kraft einer vorgespannten Feder verschiebbar. Durch das Druckbegrenzungsventil ist eine Druckbegrenzung bei dem durch die Zahnradpumpe erzeugten Druck und damit eine Begrenzung der geförderten Kraftstoffmenge ermöglicht. Üblicherweise ist der Flüssigkeitspumpe ein Filter vorgeschaltet, durch den die angesaugte Flüssigkeit strömt oder ein Filter nachgeschaltet, durch den die geförderte Flüssigkeit strömt. Abhängig vom Verschmutzungsgrad des Filters wird dabei durch die Flüssigkeitspumpe eine unterschiedlich große Flüssigkeitsmenge gefördert, die durch das Druckbegrenzungsventil nicht ausgeglichen werden kann.Such designed as a gear pump fluid pump is through the DE 196 25 564 A1 known. This gear pump is provided for a fuel injection device of an internal combustion engine and has a housing in which a pumping chamber is formed. In the pumping chamber, a rotatably driven pair of gears meshing with each other on its outer periphery is arranged. The gears convey fuel as the conveying medium from a suction chamber connected to a storage tank along between the circumference of the gears and peripheral walls of the pumping chamber formed conveying channels in a pressure chamber. The gear pump also has a pressure relief valve to limit the pressure in the pressure chamber. When a predetermined pressure in the pressure chamber is exceeded, the pressure relief valve releases a connecting channel of the pressure chamber to the suction chamber. The pressure relief valve has a valve piston, which is displaceably guided in a bore in a plane perpendicular to the axes of rotation of the gears and which cooperates with a valve seat. The valve piston is displaceable against the force of a prestressed spring. By the pressure limiting valve, a pressure limit is created at the pressure generated by the gear pump and thus limiting the amount of fuel delivered. Usually, the liquid pump is preceded by a filter through which the sucked liquid flows or a filter downstream, through which the pumped liquid flows. Depending on the degree of contamination of the filter while a different amount of liquid is conveyed by the liquid pump, which can not be compensated by the pressure relief valve.

Vorteile der ErfindungAdvantages of the invention

Die erfindungsgemäße Flüssigkeitspumpe mit den Merkmalen gemäß Anspruch 1 hat demgegenüber den Vorteil, dass bei dieser zusätzlich zur Begrenzung des Förderdrucks auch die Fördermenge geregelt ist, so dass unabhängig vom Verschmutzungsgrad des Filters die Fördermenge eingestellt wird. Dies erfolgt auf einfache Weise, indem abhängig von dem stromabwärts nach dem Filter herrschenden Druck die auf den Ventilkolben in Schließrichtung wirkende Kraft variiert wird.The liquid pump according to the invention with the features of claim 1 has the advantage that in this addition to the limitation of the delivery pressure and the flow rate is controlled so that regardless of the degree of contamination of the filter, the flow rate is set. This is done in a simple manner by depending on the pressure prevailing downstream of the filter, the force acting on the valve piston in the closing direction is varied.

In den abhängigen Ansprüchen sind vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen und Weiterbildungen der erfindungsgemäßen Flüssigkeitspumpe angegeben. Durch die Ausbildung gemäß Anspruch 2 wird die Funktion der Fördermengenregelung auf einfache Weise erreicht. Die Ausbildung gemäß Anspruch 5 ermöglicht einen einfachen Aufbau des Druckbegrenzungsventils. Durch die Ausbildung gemäß Anspruch 6 ist der Verbindungskanal auf einfache Weise gebildet. Durch die Ausbildung gemäß Anspruch 9 kann bei der Bewegung des Ventilkolbens in der Bohrung Fördermedium aus dem Raum verdrängt werden bzw. in diesen nachströmen.In the dependent claims advantageous refinements and developments of the liquid pump according to the invention are given. Due to the design according to claim 2, the function of the flow control is achieved in a simple manner. The embodiment of claim 5 allows a simple construction of the pressure relief valve. Due to the construction according to claim 6, the connecting channel is formed in a simple manner. Due to the design according to claim 9, during the movement of the valve piston in the bore conveying medium can be displaced from the space or to flow into it.

Zeichnungdrawing

Ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung ist in der Zeichnung dargestellt und in der nachfolgenden Beschreibung näher erläutert. Es zeigen Figur 1 eine Zahnradförderpumpe in einem Schnitt entlang Linie I-I in Figur 2, Figur 2 die Zahnradförderpumpe in einem Schnitt entlang Linie II-II in Figur 1 und Figur 3 die Zahnradförderpumpe schematisch in einem Schnitt entlang Linie III-III in Figur 2 in vergrößerter Darstellung.An embodiment of the invention is illustrated in the drawing and closer in the following description explained. Show it FIG. 1 a gear pump in a section along line II in FIG. 2, FIG. 2 the gear pump in a section along line II-II in FIG. 1 and FIG. 3 the gear conveyor pump schematically in a section along line III-III in FIG. 2 in an enlarged view.

Beschreibung des AusführungsbeispielsDescription of the embodiment

Eine in den Figuren 1 bis 3 dargestellte Flüssigkeitspumpe ist als Zahnradpumpe ausgebildet und in einer nicht dargestellten Förderleitung von einem Vorratstank zu einer Kraftstoffhochdruckpumpe oder einer Kraftstoffeinspritzpumpe einer Kraftstoffeinspritzeinrichtung einer Brennkraftmaschine beispielsweise eines Kraftfahrzeugs angeordnet. Die Brennkraftmaschine ist eine selbstzündende Brennkraftmaschine und der Kraftstoff, der durch die Zahnradpumpe gefördert wird, ist Dieselkraftstoff. Die Zahnradpumpe weist ein mehrteiliges Gehäuse auf, das ein Gehäuseteil 10 und ein Deckelteil 12 aufweist. Zwischen dem Gehäuseteil 10 und dem Deckelteil 12 ist eine Pumpkammer 14 gebildet, in der ein Paar an ihrem Außenumfang miteinander kämmender Zahnräder 16,18 angeordnet ist. Das Gehäuseteil 10 weist zur Bildung der Pumpkammer 14 zwei Vertiefungen 20,22 auf, von deren Grund jeweils ein Lagerzapfen 24,26 absteht. Die Lagerzapfen 24,26 sind einstückig mit dem Gehäuseteil 10 ausgebildet und verlaufen zumindest annähernd parallel zueinander. Die Lagerzapfen 24,26 können zur Gewichtsreduzierung des Gehäuseteils 10 zumindest teilweise hohl ausgebildet sein. Das Zahnrad 16 weist eine Bohrung 17 auf, über die es auf dem Lagerzapfen 24 drehbar gelagert ist. Das Zahnrad 18 weist eine Bohrung 19 auf, über die es auf dem Lagerzapfen 26 drehbar gelagert ist. Die Lagerzapfen 24,26 bestimmten jeweils eine Drehachse 25,27 für die Zahnräder 16,18. Das Deckelteil 12 ist mit dem Gehäuseteil 10 fest verbunden, beispielsweise mittels mehrerer Schrauben. Das Gehäuseteil 10 und das Deckelteil 12 bestehen vorzugsweise aus Leichtmetall, insbesondere Aluminium. Die Zahnräder 16,18 bestehen vorzugsweise aus Stahl, insbesondere aus Sinterstahl.One in the FIGS. 1 to 3 illustrated fluid pump is designed as a gear pump and arranged in a delivery line, not shown, from a storage tank to a high-pressure fuel pump or a fuel injection pump of a fuel injection device of an internal combustion engine, for example a motor vehicle. The internal combustion engine is a self-igniting internal combustion engine, and the fuel that is conveyed by the gear pump is diesel fuel. The gear pump has a multi-part housing, which has a housing part 10 and a cover part 12. Between the housing part 10 and the cover part 12, a pumping chamber 14 is formed, in which a pair of gears 16,18 meshing with each other at their outer periphery is arranged. The housing part 10 has to form the pumping chamber 14 has two recesses 20,22, from the bottom of each bearing pin 24,26 protrudes. The bearing pins 24,26 are integrally formed with the housing part 10 and extend at least approximately parallel to each other. The bearing pin 24,26 may be at least partially hollow to reduce the weight of the housing part 10. The gear 16 has a bore 17, via which it is rotatably mounted on the bearing pin 24. The gear 18 has a bore 19, via which it is rotatably mounted on the bearing pin 26. The bearing pins 24,26 each have a rotation axis 25,27 for the gears 16,18. The cover part 12 is fixedly connected to the housing part 10, for example by means of several Screws. The housing part 10 and the lid part 12 are preferably made of light metal, in particular aluminum. The gears 16,18 are preferably made of steel, in particular sintered steel.

Die Zahnradpumpe weist eine Antriebswelle 30 auf, die im Gehäuseteil 10 drehbar gelagert ist. Die Antriebswelle 30 ist zumindest annähernd koaxial zum Lagerzapfen 24 angeordnet, wobei das Gehäuseteil 10 eine Bohrung aufweist, die sich im Lagerzapfen 24 fortsetzt und durch die das Ende der Antriebswelle 30 hindurchtritt. Zwischen der Bohrung und der Antriebswelle 30 ist ein Wellendichtring eingebaut, um das Gehäuseteil 10 abzudichten. Die Antriebswelle 30 ist mit dem Zahnrad 16 gekoppelt, beispielsweise über ein zwischen dem Stirnende des Lagerzapfens 24 und dem Deckelteil 12 angeordnetes Koppelglied 36. Das Zahnrad 16 wird beim Betrieb der Zahnradpumpe über die Antriebswelle 30 rotierend angetrieben und überträgt diese Drehbewegung über eine Stirnverzahnung auf das ebenfalls mit einer Stirnverzahnung versehene, mit dem Zahnrad 16 an seinem Außenumfang kämmende Zahnrad 18. Die Zahnräder 16,18 teilen dabei die Pumpkammer 14 durch ihren Zahneingriff in zwei Teilbereiche, von denen ein erster Teilbereich einen Ansaugraum 40 und ein zweiter Teilbereich einen Druckraum 42 bilden. Der Ansaugraum 40 ist dabei über je einen zwischen den Zahnnuten an den Umfangsflächen der Zahnräder 16,18 und der oberen und unteren Umfangswand der Pumpkammer 14 gebildeten Förderkanal 44 mit dem Druckraum 42 verbunden. Der Ansaugraum 40 und der Druckraum 42 weisen jeweils eine Anschlussöffnung in der Wand des Gehäuseteils 10 oder des Deckelteils 12 auf, über die der Ansaugraum 40 mit einer nicht dargestellten Ansaugleitung vom Vorratstank und der Druckraum 42 über eine ebenfalls nicht dargestellte Förderleitung mit dem Saugraum des Kraftstoffhochdruckpumpe oder der Kraftstoffeinspritzpumpe verbunden ist. Die Anschlussöffnung in den Ansaugraum 40 bildet eine Einlassöffnung 46 und die Anschlussöffnung in den Druckraum 42 bildet eine Auslassöffnung 48.The gear pump has a drive shaft 30 which is rotatably mounted in the housing part 10. The drive shaft 30 is at least approximately coaxial with the bearing pin 24, wherein the housing part 10 has a bore which continues in the bearing pin 24 and through which the end of the drive shaft 30 passes. Between the bore and the drive shaft 30, a shaft seal is installed to seal the housing part 10. The drive shaft 30 is coupled to the gear 16, for example via a arranged between the front end of the journal 24 and the cover member 12 coupling member 36. The gear 16 is rotationally driven during operation of the gear pump via the drive shaft 30 and transmits this rotational movement via a spur gear teeth on the The toothed wheels 16, 18 divide the pumping chamber 14 by their meshing engagement into two partial regions, of which a first partial region form a suction chamber 40 and a second partial region form a pressure chamber 42 , The suction chamber 40 is connected to the pressure chamber 42 via one each between the tooth grooves on the peripheral surfaces of the gears 16,18 and the upper and lower peripheral wall of the pumping chamber 14 formed conveying channel. The suction chamber 40 and the pressure chamber 42 each have a connection opening in the wall of the housing part 10 or the cover part 12, via which the suction chamber 40 with a suction line, not shown from the storage tank and the pressure chamber 42 via a likewise not shown delivery line to the suction chamber of the high-pressure fuel pump or the fuel injection pump is connected. The connection opening in the suction space 40 forms an inlet opening 46 and the Connection opening into the pressure chamber 42 forms an outlet opening 48.

Die Zahnradpumpe weist ein Druckbegrenzungsventil 50 auf, das im Gehäuse, beispielsweise im Gehäuseteil 10 angeordnet ist. Im Grund der die Pumpkammer 14 bildenden Vertiefungen 20,22 ist eine Nut 52 eingebracht, die sich zwischen dem Druckraum 42 und dem Ansaugraum 40 erstreckt. Die Nut 52 weist eine Länge 1, eine Breite b und eine Tiefe t auf. Die Nut 52 verläuft wie in Figur 3 dargestellt bei Betrachtung in Richtung der Drehachsen 25,27 der Zahnräder 24,26 betrachtet etwa tangential zu den Zahnrädern 16,18 und deren Länge 1 ist so bemessen, daß die Nut 52 über die Schnittlinien 54 der Kopfkreise Dk der Zahnräder 16,18 hinausreicht. Die Nut 52 ist in Richtung der Drehachsen 25,27 der Zahnräder 16,18 betrachtet zumindest annähernd mittig zwischen den Zahnrädern 16,18 angeordnet. Die Nut 52 bildet somit einen sich vom Druckraum 42 bis zum Ansaugraum 40 erstreckenden Verbindungskanal. Außerhalb der Nut 52 begrenzt das Gehäuseteil 10 mit dem Grund der Vertiefungen 20,22 die Pumpkammer 14 mit geringem axialem Abstand zu den Stirnseiten der Zahnräder 16,18.The gear pump has a pressure relief valve 50, which is arranged in the housing, for example in the housing part 10. In the bottom of the pumping chamber 14 forming recesses 20,22 a groove 52 is inserted, which extends between the pressure chamber 42 and the suction chamber 40. The groove 52 has a length 1, a width b and a depth t. The groove 52 extends as in FIG. 3 shown viewed in the direction of the axes of rotation 25,27 of the gears 24,26 considered approximately tangential to the gears 16,18 and the length 1 is dimensioned so that the groove 52 extends beyond the lines 54 of the top circles Dk of the gears 16,18. The groove 52 is viewed in the direction of the axes of rotation 25,27 of the gears 16,18 at least approximately centrally disposed between the gears 16,18. The groove 52 thus forms a from the pressure chamber 42 to the suction chamber 40 extending connecting channel. Outside the groove 52, the housing part 10 defines with the bottom of the recesses 20,22 the pumping chamber 14 with a small axial distance to the end faces of the gears 16,18.

Am Grund der Nut 52 ist eine Bohrung 56 eingebracht, deren Durchmesser d vorzugsweise etwas größer ist als die Breite b der Nut 52. Die Bohrung 56 verläuft zumindest annähernd parallel zu den Drehachsen 25,27 der Zahnräder 16,18 und ist vorzugsweise bezüglich einer Verbindungslinie 58 zwischen den Drehachsen 25,27 der Zahnräder 16,18 um ein Maß H zum Druckraum 42 hin versetzt angeordnet. Das Maß H beträgt vorzugsweise zwischen etwa 2 und 5 mm. In der Bohrung 56 ist als Ventilglied des Druckbegrenzungsventils 50 ein Ventilkolben 60 verschiebbar geführt. Der Ventilkolben 60 wird durch eine zwischen diesem und dem Grund der Bohrung 56 eingespannte Druckfeder 62, beispielsweise in Form einer Schraubendruckfeder, zu den diesem zugewandten Stirnseiten der Zahnräder 16,18 hin gedrückt. Die Stirnseiten der Zahnräder 16,18 sind zumindest annähernd eben ausgebildet und zumindest annähernd senkrecht zu deren Drehachsen 25,27 angeordnet. Der Ventilkolben 60 liegt an den Stirnseiten der Zahnräder 16,18 im Bereich von deren Zahneingriff an. Der durch den Ventilkolben 60 auf seiner den Zahnrädern 16,18 abgewandten Rückseite in der Bohrung 56 begrenzte Raum 64 ist über eine Bohrung 66 im Gehäuseteil 10 mit dem Ansaugraum 40 verbunden.At the bottom of the groove 52, a bore 56 is introduced, the diameter d is preferably slightly larger than the width b of the groove 52. The bore 56 extends at least approximately parallel to the axes of rotation 25,27 of the gears 16,18 and is preferably with respect to a connecting line 58 between the axes of rotation 25,27 of the gears 16,18 offset by a dimension H to the pressure chamber 42 out. The dimension H is preferably between about 2 and 5 mm. In the bore 56, a valve piston 60 is slidably guided as a valve member of the pressure relief valve 50. The valve piston 60 is connected by a between this and the bottom of the bore 56 clamped compression spring 62, for example in the form of a helical compression spring, facing this end faces the gears 16,18 pushed out. The end faces of the gears 16,18 are at least approximately flat and arranged at least approximately perpendicular to the axes of rotation 25,27. The valve piston 60 is located on the end faces of the gears 16,18 in the region of the tooth engagement. The space 64, which is limited by the valve piston 60 on its rear side facing away from the toothed wheels 16, 18, in the bore 56 is connected to the suction space 40 via a bore 66 in the housing part 10.

Der Ventilkolben 60 ist auf einem Teil seiner den Zahnrädern 16,18 zugewandten Stirnfläche von dem im Druckraum 42 herrschenden Druck beaufschlagt, durch den eine der Druckfeder 62 entgegengerichtete Kraft auf den Ventilkolben 60 erzeugt wird. Wenn die Kraft der Druckfeder 62 größer ist als die durch den im Druckraum 42 herrschenden Druck erzeugte Kraft, so befindet sich der Ventilkolben 60 in Anlage an den Stirnseiten der Zahnräder 16,18, die einen Ventilsitz bilden. Dabei wird durch den Ventilkolben 60 in Zusammenwirkung mit den Zahnrädern 16,18 der Durchgang durch die Nut 52 und damit die Verbindung zwischen dem Druckraum 42 und dem Ansaugraum 40 unterbrochen. Wenn der Ventilkolben 60 durch die Kraft der Druckfeder 62 an den Stirnseiten der Zahnräder 16,18 gepresst wird, so wird hierbei das Spiel der Zahnräder 16,18 in der Pumpkammer 14 in Richtung von deren Drehachse 25,27 verringert, vorzugsweise vollständig beseitigt. Dies ist insbesondere beim Anlaufen der Zahnradpumpe und beim Starten der Brennkraftmaschine vorteilhaft, da dann der Wirkungsgrad der Pumpe optimal ist. Durch den Ventilkolben 60 wird dabei durch die Reibung eine bremsende Kraft auf die Zahnräder 16,18 erzeugt, die insbesondere beim Anlaufen der Zahnradpumpe vorteilhaft ist, da hierdurch ein besserer Flankenkontakt zwischen den Verzahnungen der Zahnräder 16,18 bewirkt wird. Infolge des guten Wirkungsgrads der Zahnradpumpe insbesondere beim Anlaufen und beim Starten der Brennkraftmaschine, wenn eine große Kraftstoffmenge gefördert werden muß, kann die Zahnradpumpe in ihrer Dimensionierung auf eine geringere Fördermenge ausgelegt werden als bekannte Zahnradpumpen.The valve piston 60 is acted upon by the pressure prevailing in the pressure chamber 42 on a part of its end faces facing the toothed wheels 16, 18, by means of which a force opposing the compression spring 62 is generated on the valve piston 60. If the force of the compression spring 62 is greater than the force generated by the pressure prevailing in the pressure chamber 42, the pressure piston 60 is in contact with the end faces of the gears 16,18, which form a valve seat. In this case, the passage through the groove 52 and thus the connection between the pressure chamber 42 and the suction chamber 40 is interrupted by the valve piston 60 in cooperation with the gears 16,18. When the valve piston 60 is pressed by the force of the compression spring 62 on the end faces of the gears 16,18, so here the game of gears 16,18 is reduced in the pumping chamber 14 in the direction of the axis of rotation 25,27, preferably completely eliminated. This is particularly advantageous when starting the gear pump and when starting the engine, since then the efficiency of the pump is optimal. By the valve piston 60 is thereby generated by the friction, a braking force on the gears 16,18, which is particularly advantageous when starting the gear pump, as a result, a better edge contact between the teeth of the gears 16,18 is effected. Due to the good efficiency of the gear pump, in particular when starting and when starting the internal combustion engine, if a large amount of fuel must be promoted, the gear pump can be designed in their dimensions to a lower flow than known gear pumps.

Wenn ein vorgegebener Druck im Druckraum 42 überschritten wird, so übersteigt die durch den Druck auf den Ventilkolben 60 erzeugte Kraft die Kraft der Druckfeder 62, so daß der Ventilkolben 60 sich gegen die Kraft der Druckfeder 62 verschiebt und von den Stirnseiten der Zahnräder 16,18 abhebt. Dabei wird der Durchgang durch die Nut 52 freigegeben und es besteht eine Verbindung zwischen dem Druckraum 42 und dem Ansaugraum 40, so daß Kraftstoff aus dem Druckraum 42 in den Ansaugraum 40 abfließen kann, wodurch der Druck im Druckraum 42 begrenzt wird. Durch die Vorspannung der Druckfeder 62, den Durchmesser des Ventilkolbens 60 und die Lage des Ventilkolbens 60 bezüglich des Druckraums 42 und damit der Größe der vom im Druckraum 42 herrschenden Druck beaufschlagten Stirnfläche des Ventilkolbens 60 kann der Druck variiert werden, bei dem das Druckbegrenzungsventil 50 öffnet. Mit zunehmendem Druck im Druckraum 42 wird der Ventilkolben 60 weiter in die Bohrung 56 hinein verschoben, so daß durch den Ventilkolben 60 in der Nut 52 ein zunehmend größerer Durchflußquerschnitt freigegeben wird. Der größte vom Ventilkolben 60 in der Nut 52 freigegebene Durchflußquerschnitt ist vorzugsweise so groß, daß die gesamte durch die Zahnräder 16,18 geförderte Kraftstoffmenge vom Druckraum 42 in den Ansaugraum 40 zurückfließen kann, wenn durch die Zahnradpumpe kein Kraftstoff gefördert werden darf. Die Querschnittsfläche der Nut 52, die den maximalen Durchflußquerschnitt bestimmt, beträgt vorzugsweise zwischen etwa 30 und 60 mm2. Beim Eintauchen des Ventilkolbens 60 in die Bohrung 56 wird durch diesen aus dem Raum 64 Kraftstoff über die Bohrung 66 in den Ansaugraum 40 verdrängt. Beim Austauchen des Ventilkolbens 60 aus der Bohrung 56 kann über die Bohrung 66 der Raum 64 wieder mit Kraftstoff aus dem Ansaugraum 40 befüllt werden.When a predetermined pressure in the pressure chamber 42 is exceeded, the force generated by the pressure on the valve piston 60 exceeds the force of the compression spring 62, so that the valve piston 60 moves against the force of the compression spring 62 and the end faces of the gears 16,18 takes off. The passage is released through the groove 52 and there is a connection between the pressure chamber 42 and the suction chamber 40 so that fuel from the pressure chamber 42 can flow into the suction chamber 40, whereby the pressure in the pressure chamber 42 is limited. By the bias of the compression spring 62, the diameter of the valve piston 60 and the position of the valve piston 60 with respect to the pressure chamber 42 and thus the size of the pressure prevailing in the pressure chamber 42 pressure end face of the valve piston 60, the pressure can be varied at which the pressure relief valve 50 opens , With increasing pressure in the pressure chamber 42, the valve piston 60 is moved further into the bore 56, so that an increasingly larger flow area is released by the valve piston 60 in the groove 52. The largest of the valve piston 60 released in the groove 52 flow area is preferably so large that the total amount of fuel delivered by the gears 16,18 can flow back from the pressure chamber 42 into the suction chamber 40, if no fuel may be promoted by the gear pump. The cross-sectional area of the groove 52, which determines the maximum flow area, is preferably between about 30 and 60 mm 2 . When immersing the valve piston 60 in the bore 56, fuel is displaced from the space 64 through the bore 66 into the suction space 40 by the latter. When the valve piston 60 empties out of the bore 56, the space 64 can again be filled with fuel from the suction space 40 via the bore 66.

Während des Betriebs der Zahnradpumpe entstehen Druckpulsationen durch den wechselnden Zahnreingriff der Zahnräder 16,18, und das dabei zwischen den Verzahnungen verdrängte Kraftstoffvolumen. Der Ventilkolben 60 liegt an den Stirnseiten der Zahnräder 16,18 im Bereich von deren Zahneingriff an und ist somit von dem zwischen den Verzahnungen herrschenden Druck beaufschlagt. Bei Druckpulsationen zwischen den Verzahnungen führt der Ventilkolben 60 dabei eine Ausweichbewegung aus, wodurch diese Druckpulsationen gedämpft und verringert werden.During operation of the gear pump, pressure pulsations arise due to the alternating toothed engagement of the gears 16, 18, and the fuel volume displaced thereby between the toothings. The valve piston 60 is located on the end faces of the gears 16,18 in the region of the tooth engagement and is thus acted upon by the pressure prevailing between the teeth pressure. In pressure pulsations between the teeth of the valve piston 60 performs an evasive movement, whereby these pressure pulsations are attenuated and reduced.

Die Zahnradpumpe weist außerdem ein Bypassventil 70 auf, durch das eine Verbindung zwischen dem Druckraum 42 und dem Ansaugraum 40 freigegeben werden kann, wenn der Druck im Druckraum 42 geringer ist als im Ansaugraum 40. Dies kann insbesondere nach einem Leerlaufen der Zahnradpumpe oder bei deren Erstbefüllung der Fall sein, wobei das Bypassventil 70 ein Entlüften und Befüllen der Zahnradpumpe ermöglicht. Das Bypassventil 70 weist ein Ventilglied 72 auf, das von dem im Druckraum 42 herrschenden Druck beaufschlagt ist und durch diesen zu einem Ventilsitz 74 am Gehäuseteil 10 gedrückt wird. Das Ventilglied 72 ist beispielsweise in einer Vertiefung 76 der Nut 52 auf deren in den Druckraum 42 ragendem Bereich angeordnet. Das Ventilglied 72 kann beispielsweise aus einem Elastomer bestehen und der Ventilsitz 74 kann als Flachsitz ausgebildet sein. Vom Ventilsitz 74 führt eine Bohrung 78 in den Raum 64 in der Bohrung 56 hinter dem Ventilkolben 60 ab, der wiederum über die Bohrung 66 mit dem Ansaugraum 40 verbunden ist. Am Ventilglied 72 greift außerdem eine Schließfeder 80 an, die beispielsweise eine in der Bohrung 78 angeordnete vorgespannte Zugfeder sein kann, die einerseits am Ventilglied 72 angreift und andererseits an der letzten Windung der Druckfeder 62 eingehängt ist. Durch die Schließfeder 80 wird das Ventilglied 72 mit geringer Kraft zum Ventilsitz 74 hin gezogen und dadurch eine Anlage am Ventilsitz 74 erreicht, wenn die Zahnradpumpe nicht in Betrieb ist. Wenn während des Betriebs der Zahnradpumpe der Druck im Druckraum 42 geringer ist als im Ansaugraum 40, so öffnet das Bypassventil 70, indem dessen Ventilglied 72 vom Ventilsitz 74 abhebt, so daß Kraftstoff direkt aus dem Ansaugraum 40 in den Druckraum 42 gelangen kann und der Druckraum 42 mit Kraftstoff befüllt wird. Wenn während des weiteren Betriebs der Zahnradpumpe der Druck im Druckraum 42 ansteigt und höher ist als der Druck im Ansaugraum 40, so wird das Ventilglied 72 gegen den Ventilsitz 74 gedrückt, so daß das Bypassventil 70 schließt und der Druckraum 42 vom Ansaugraum 40 getrennt ist.The gear pump also has a bypass valve 70, through which a connection between the pressure chamber 42 and the suction chamber 40 can be released when the pressure in the pressure chamber 42 is less than in the suction chamber 40. This can in particular after an idling of the gear pump or at their Erstbefüllung be the case, wherein the bypass valve 70 allows venting and filling of the gear pump. The bypass valve 70 has a valve member 72 which is acted upon by the pressure prevailing in the pressure chamber 42 and pressure is pressed by this to a valve seat 74 on the housing part 10. The valve member 72 is arranged, for example, in a recess 76 of the groove 52 on the projecting into the pressure chamber 42 area. The valve member 72 may for example consist of an elastomer and the valve seat 74 may be formed as a flat seat. From the valve seat 74, a bore 78 leads into the space 64 in the bore 56 behind the valve piston 60, which in turn is connected via the bore 66 with the suction chamber 40. On the valve member 72 also engages a closing spring 80, which may be, for example, arranged in the bore 78 prestressed tension spring, which acts on the one hand on the valve member 72 and on the other hand hooked on the last turn of the compression spring 62. By the closing spring 80, the valve member 72 with little force pulled toward the valve seat 74 and thereby achieved an investment in the valve seat 74 when the gear pump is not in operation. If during operation of the gear pump, the pressure in the pressure chamber 42 is lower than in the suction chamber 40, the bypass valve 70 opens by the valve member 72 lifts from the valve seat 74 so that fuel can pass directly from the suction chamber 40 into the pressure chamber 42 and the pressure chamber 42 is filled with fuel. If during the further operation of the gear pump, the pressure in the pressure chamber 42 rises and is higher than the pressure in the suction chamber 40, the valve member 72 is pressed against the valve seat 74, so that the bypass valve 70 closes and the pressure chamber 42 is separated from the suction chamber 40.

Der Zahnradpumpe ist in der Kraftstoffleitung ein Filter 82 vorgeschaltet, der als Vorfilter ausgebildet ist und durch den der von der Zahnradpumpe aus dem Vorratstank angesaugte Kraftstoff strömt. Der Zahnradpumpe ist in der Kraftstoffleitung außerdem ein weiterer Filter 83 nachgeschaltet, der als Feinfilter ausgebildet ist und durch den der von der Zahnradpumpe geförderte Kraftstoff zur Kraftstoffhochdruckpumpe oder zur Kraftstoffeinspritzpumpe strömt. Es kann auch vorgesehen sein, dass nur der der Zahnradpumpe vorgeschaltete Vorfilter 82 vorhanden ist und kein Feinfilter. An der Zahnradpumpe ist beispielsweise auf der dem Deckelteil 12 abgewandten Seite des Gehäuseteils 10 ein weiteres Gehäuseteil 84 angeordnet, das eine zum Gehäuseteil 10 weisende Ausnehmung aufweist, in der eine Druckkammer 85 gebildet ist. Die Druckkammer 85 ist mit einem Bereich stromabwärts nach dem Feinfilter 83 verbunden, so dass in der Druckkammer 85 derselbe Druck herrscht wie stromabwärts nach dem Feinfilter 83. Wenn nur der Vorfilter 82 vorhanden ist, so ist die Druckkammer 85 mit einem Bereich stromabwärts nach dem Vorfilter 82 verbunden, so dass in der Druckkammer 85 derselbe Druck herrscht wie stromabwärts nach dem Vorfilter 82 und vor der Zahnradpumpe.The gear pump is preceded by a filter 82 in the fuel line, which is designed as a pre-filter and through which the fuel sucked by the gear pump from the storage tank flows. The gear pump is also followed by a further filter 83 in the fuel line, which is designed as a fine filter and through which the pumped by the gear pump fuel to the high-pressure fuel pump or fuel injection pump flows. It can also be provided that only the pre-filter 82 upstream of the gear pump is present and no fine filter. On the gear pump, for example, on the side facing away from the cover part 12 of the housing part 10, a further housing part 84 is arranged, which has a housing part 10 facing recess in which a pressure chamber 85 is formed. The pressure chamber 85 is connected to an area downstream of the fine filter 83, so that the same pressure prevails in the pressure chamber 85 as downstream of the fine filter 83. If only the pre-filter 82 is present, the pressure chamber 85 is with an area downstream of the pre-filter 82 connected so that in the pressure chamber 85, the same pressure prevails as downstream of the pre-filter 82 and in front of the gear pump.

Die Druckkammer 85 ist in der Ausnehmung des Gehäuseteils 84 auf ihrer dem Gehäuseteil 10 abgewandten Seite durch eine bewegliche Wand 86 begrenzt, die beispielsweise als eine Membran ausgebildet ist. Die Membran 86 ist mittels einer Hülse 87 in der Ausnehmung des Gehäuseteils 84 verspannt. Im mittleren Bereich der Membran 86 stützt sich eine Stange 88 ab, die durch eine Bohrung im Gehäuseteil 10 hindurchragt und am Ventilkolben 60 anliegt. In dem durch die Membran 86 von der Druckkammer 85 abgetrennten Teil der Ausnehmung des Gehäuseteils 84 ist eine vorgespannte Feder 89 angeordnet, die beispielsweise als Schraubendruckfeder ausgebildet ist. Die Membran 86 ist somit einerseits von dem in der Druckkammer 85 herrschenden Druck beaufschlagt und andererseits durch die vorgespannte Feder 89. Wenn der Druck in der Druckkammer 85 niedrig ist, so wird die Membran 86 und mit dieser die Stange 88 durch die Feder 89 zum Ventilkolben 60 hin gedrückt, wodurch auf den Ventilkolben 60 zusätzlich zur Druckfeder 62 eine weitere Kraft in Schließrichtung wirkt. Wenn der Druck im Druckraum 85 hoch ist, so wird die Membran 86 und mit dieser die Stange 88 gegen die Kraft der Feder 89 vom Ventilkolben 60 weggezogen, so dass auf den Ventilkolben 60 eine geringere Kraft in Schließrichtung wirkt. Wenn der Feinfilter 83 oder der Vorfilter 82 gering verschmutzt sind, so entsteht bei der Durchströmung mit Kraftstoff nur ein geringer Druckverlust, so dass stromabwärts nach dem Filter ein relativ hoher Druck herrscht. In diesem Fall herrscht im Druckraum 85 ebenfalls ein hoher Druck, so dass die Öffnungsbewegung des Ventilkolbens 60 im wesentlichen durch die Druckfeder 62 bestimmt wird. Wenn der Feinfilter 83 oder der Vorfilter 82 stark verschmutzt sind, so entsteht bei der Durchströmung mit Kraftstoff ein großer Druckverlust, so dass stromabwärts nach dem Filter ein relativ geringer Druck herrscht. In diesem Fall herrscht im Druckraum 85 ebenfalls ein geringer Druck, so dass zusätzlich zur Kraft der Druckfeder 62 auch die Kraft der Feder 89 auf den Ventilkolben 60 in Schließrichtung wirkt und dieser erst bei einem höheren Druck im Druckraum 42 öffnet. Durch die Zahnradpumpe wird dann ein entsprechend höherer Druck erzeugt und eine größere Kraftstoffmenge gefördert und der Druck- und Mengenverlust des Filters 82 bzw. 83 ausgeglichen.The pressure chamber 85 is limited in the recess of the housing part 84 on its side facing away from the housing part 10 by a movable wall 86 which is formed for example as a membrane. The membrane 86 is braced by means of a sleeve 87 in the recess of the housing part 84. In the central region of the diaphragm 86, a rod 88 is supported, which protrudes through a bore in the housing part 10 and rests against the valve piston 60. In the separated by the diaphragm 86 of the pressure chamber 85 part of the recess of the housing part 84, a prestressed spring 89 is arranged, which is formed for example as a helical compression spring. The diaphragm 86 is thus acted on the one hand by the pressure prevailing in the pressure chamber 85 and the other by the prestressed spring 89. When the pressure in the pressure chamber 85 is low, the diaphragm 86 and with it the rod 88 by the spring 89 to the valve piston Pressed 60 out, which acts on the valve piston 60 in addition to the compression spring 62, a further force in the closing direction. When the pressure in the pressure chamber 85 is high, the diaphragm 86 and with it the rod 88 is pulled away from the valve piston 60 against the force of the spring 89, so that a smaller force acts on the valve piston 60 in the closing direction. If the fine filter 83 or the pre-filter 82 are slightly contaminated, the fuel only flows through a small pressure loss, so that downstream of the filter a relatively high pressure prevails. In this case, there is also a high pressure in the pressure chamber 85, so that the opening movement of the valve piston 60 is essentially determined by the compression spring 62. If the fine filter 83 or the pre-filter 82 are heavily contaminated, then a large pressure loss occurs when flowing through with fuel, so that downstream of the filter a relatively low pressure prevails. In this case, there is also a low pressure in the pressure chamber 85, so that in addition to the force of the compression spring 62 as well the force of the spring 89 acts on the valve piston 60 in the closing direction and this opens only at a higher pressure in the pressure chamber 42. By the gear pump then a correspondingly higher pressure is generated and promoted a larger amount of fuel and the pressure and volume loss of the filter 82 and 83 compensated.

Die Flüssigkeitspumpe kann anstelle als Zahnradpumpe alternativ auch beispielsweise als Innenzahnradpumpe oder als Flügelzellenpumpe ausgebildet sein, wobei das Druckbegrenzungsventil 50 zur Druckregelung und die Druckkammer 85 zur Fördermengenregelung in gleicher Weise wie vorstehend beschrieben verwendet werden können.Alternatively, instead of being a gear pump, the liquid pump may also be designed, for example, as an internal gear pump or as a vane pump, wherein the pressure limiting valve 50 for pressure regulation and the pressure chamber 85 for regulating the flow rate may be used in the same way as described above.

Claims (9)

  1. Liquid pump, in particular for a fuel injection device of an internal combustion engine, with a casing (10, 12) in which is formed a pumping chamber (14) in which is arranged at least one rotationally driven conveying element (15, 18) which conveys liquid out of a suction-intake space (40) connected to a storage tank into a pressure space (42), and with a pressure-limiting valve (50) for limiting the pressure prevailing in the pressure space (42), which pressure-limiting valve has a valve piston (60) which is arranged within the casing (10, 12) and which is acted upon in the closing direction by a prestressed closing spring (62) and in the opening direction by the pressure prevailing in the pressure space (42), and which, when a predetermined pressure in the pressure space (42) is overshot, releases a connecting duct (52) of the pressure space (42) to the suction-intake space (40), characterized in that the liquid pump is preceded by a filter (82) and/or is followed by a filter (83), in that, in the liquid pump, a pressure chamber (85) is provided, which has a connection to a region downstream of the preceding filter (82) or a connection to a region downstream of the following filter (83), and in that, by means of the pressure prevailing in the pressure chamber (85), the force acting on the valve piston (60) in the closing direction is influenced in such a way that, with a decreasing pressure in the pressure chamber (85), the force acting on the valve piston (60) in the closing direction is increased.
  2. Liquid pump according to Claim 1, characterized in that the pressure chamber (85) is delimited by a movable wall (86), on which acts, on the one hand, the pressure prevailing in the pressure chamber (85) and, on the other hand, a prestressed spring (89), by means of which the wall (86) is pressed towards the valve piston (60) in the closing direction of the latter.
  3. Liquid pump according to Claim 2, characterized in that the movable wall (86) is supported on the valve piston (60) via a rod (88).
  4. Liquid pump according to Claim 2 or 3, characterized in that the movable wall (86) is designed as a diaphragm.
  5. Liquid pump according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the valve piston (60) at least partially delimits the pumping chamber (14) in the direction of the axis of rotation (25, 27) of the at least one conveying element (16, 18), in that the valve piston (60) is pressed by the closing spring (62) against the end face, confronting the said valve piston, of the at least one conveying element (16, 18), as a valve seat, and in that the valve piston (60) is acted upon, at least on part of its end face confronting the at least one conveying element (16, 18), by the pressure prevailing in the pressure space (42).
  6. Liquid pump according to Claim 5, characterized in that the connecting duct (52) of the pressure space (42) to the suction-intake space (40) is designed as a groove which is introduced in a casing part (10) so as to lie opposite the end face of the at least one conveying element (16, 18) and the passage of which is controlled by the valve piston (60).
  7. Liquid pump according to Claim 5 or 6, characterized in that, with a rising pressure in the pressure space (42), the valve piston (60) releases an increasingly larger throughflow cross section in the connecting duct (52).
  8. Liquid pump according to one of Claims 5 to 7, characterized in that the diameter of the valve piston (60) is larger than the width (b) of the connecting duct (52).
  9. Liquid pump according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the valve piston (60) is guided displaceably in a bore (56) of a casing part (10), and in that a space (64), delimited in the bore (56) by the rear side of said valve piston facing away from the end face of the at least one conveying element (16, 18), is connected to the suction-intake space (40).
EP04762564A 2003-08-18 2004-07-30 Liquid pump Expired - Fee Related EP1658438B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10337849A DE10337849A1 (en) 2003-08-18 2003-08-18 liquid pump
PCT/DE2004/001719 WO2005017361A1 (en) 2003-08-18 2004-07-30 Liquid pump

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1658438A1 EP1658438A1 (en) 2006-05-24
EP1658438B1 true EP1658438B1 (en) 2008-04-23

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EP04762564A Expired - Fee Related EP1658438B1 (en) 2003-08-18 2004-07-30 Liquid pump

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US (1) US20060228230A1 (en)
EP (1) EP1658438B1 (en)
JP (1) JP4164094B2 (en)
DE (2) DE10337849A1 (en)
WO (1) WO2005017361A1 (en)

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US7640919B1 (en) 2008-01-31 2010-01-05 Perkins Engines Company Limited Fuel system for protecting a fuel filter
ITBO20090386A1 (en) * 2009-06-15 2010-12-16 Cnh Italia Spa FIXED DISPLACEMENT PUMP
CN107061213A (en) 2015-11-20 2017-08-18 苏州宝时得电动工具有限公司 Pump unit and Handheld high-voltage cleaning machine
WO2020047804A1 (en) * 2018-09-06 2020-03-12 苏州宝时得电动工具有限公司 Hand-held high pressure cleaner

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2636440A (en) * 1949-07-25 1953-04-28 Waukesha Foundry Co Sanitary pump with infinitely variable output
GB750673A (en) * 1953-06-26 1956-06-20 Zenith Carburateur Soc Du Improvements in or relating to gear pumps and applications thereof
GB1168489A (en) * 1966-12-09 1969-10-29 Frederick Arthur Driver Fuel Supply Systems of Fuel-Injection Pumps of Internal Combustion Engines and of Oil Burners
US4740140A (en) * 1985-12-11 1988-04-26 Sundstrand Corporation Pump having integral switch and bypass valve
DE4224973C2 (en) * 1992-07-29 1995-08-03 Glyco Metall Werke Fluid supply system with pressure limitation
DE19625564C2 (en) * 1996-06-26 2000-06-08 Bosch Gmbh Robert Fuel feed pump for a fuel injection pump for internal combustion engines

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DE10337849A1 (en) 2005-03-17
US20060228230A1 (en) 2006-10-12
DE502004006939D1 (en) 2008-06-05
EP1658438A1 (en) 2006-05-24
JP4164094B2 (en) 2008-10-08
WO2005017361A1 (en) 2005-02-24
JP2006515042A (en) 2006-05-18

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