EP1656613A2 - Verfahren zum starten eines computersystems mit einem speichermedium - Google Patents
Verfahren zum starten eines computersystems mit einem speichermediumInfo
- Publication number
- EP1656613A2 EP1656613A2 EP04762545A EP04762545A EP1656613A2 EP 1656613 A2 EP1656613 A2 EP 1656613A2 EP 04762545 A EP04762545 A EP 04762545A EP 04762545 A EP04762545 A EP 04762545A EP 1656613 A2 EP1656613 A2 EP 1656613A2
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- storage medium
- computer system
- bus
- semiconductor
- bus system
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Ceased
Links
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING OR CALCULATING; COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F9/00—Arrangements for program control, e.g. control units
- G06F9/06—Arrangements for program control, e.g. control units using stored programs, i.e. using an internal store of processing equipment to receive or retain programs
- G06F9/44—Arrangements for executing specific programs
- G06F9/4401—Bootstrapping
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for starting a computer system with a storage medium which is connected to the computer system via a bus system, and the bus system requires driver software for operation with the computer system.
- mobile data carriers are spreading more and more due to their practicability and versatility and are increasingly used in a wide variety of fields.
- These mobile data carriers are storage media, often also semiconductor-based storage media, such as memory sticks, and can be easily connected to a computer system via bus systems such as USB (universal serial bus).
- bus systems such as USB (universal serial bus).
- USB universal serial bus
- US 2003/0005278 AI generally describes a procedure or a method in connection with a semiconductor-based storage medium with which a computer system is to be started.
- US 2003/0005278 AI does not describe starting via semiconductor-based storage media which are connected to a bus system, such as USB, and are also connected to a computer system, also separably.
- the problem arises here that loading the driver software for the bus system is part of the starting process of the entire computer system. In this sub-process, all drives, data carriers and devices connected to the bus system are reinitialized. According to US 2003/0005278 AI, this leads to the fact that at this moment the starting process of the computer system ends with a total crash of the computer system and can no longer be carried out.
- BIOS basic input output system
- the basic idea of the invention is to store all the information of the storage medium or the semiconductor-based storage medium in a reserved memory area of the working memory of the computer system and to read it out again if necessary before loading the driver for the bus system.
- the storage medium or the semiconductor-based or also mobile storage medium is recognized by the driver of the bus system during the reinitialization of all connected devices of the bus system.
- the storage medium or the semiconductor-based storage medium is recognized as the "start drive”, and the assigned drive work letter is entered accordingly. This ensures that the start process can be continued and successfully completed, since the reinitialization for the "start drive” is bypassed.
- a master boot record file is stored in the memory of the storage medium, or of the semiconductor-based storage medium or also of the mobile semiconductor-based storage medium, and moreover data are stored in a predetermined memory area which the mobile computer uses when the computer system is started by the BIOS of the computer system Identify media as a hard drive.
- the method is not only suitable for operating systems that do not require their own drivers for bus systems to which various peripheral devices are connected, as is the case with DOS, for example, but rather this method is also suitable for all other operating systems that are specific to these bus systems Need drivers. These are, for example, all Windows operating systems such as Windows 98, Windows ME, Windows XP, Windows NT as well as UNIX operating systems such as LINUX and the like. In principle, the method is also suitable for volatile and non-volatile semiconductor-based storage media.
- FIG. 1 shows a schematic representation of the computer system with bus system and connected peripheral devices
- FIG. 2 shows a method sequence according to the invention in a symbolic representation
- Figure 3 is a schematic representation of the storage medium.
- FIG. 1 shows a schematic illustration of a semiconductor-based storage medium 1 which is connected to a computer system 3 via a bus system 2. Like many bus systems, this bus system also offers the option of connecting further semiconductor-based storage media or similar peripheral devices suitable for this bus system. This is shown schematically and in dashed lines in FIG. 1, and since it is not essential to the invention, even without reference numerals.
- the computer system 3 has a computer system memory 4 and driver software 5 for operating the bus system 2.
- the memory of the semiconductor-based storage medium 1 is also divided into a first to third storage area 6, 7 and 8.
- a master boot record file 9 is stored in this first memory area 6, all the data required to simulate the semiconductor-based storage medium 1 as a hard disk are stored in the second memory area 7, and a so-called boot record is stored in the third predetermined memory area 8 which contains a reference to the valid boot loader, for Windows PE this is the NTLDR file.
- a process sequence is shown on a time axis T, which points downward, which generally describes individual steps 0 to N + M, a starting process of a computer system 3.
- the focus here is on the chronological sequence of a single process N and a single process N + 1.
- the individual process N relates to the action of storing all the information required for operating the semiconductor-based storage medium 1 in a predetermined storage area of the computer system memory 4. In this order, these are: driver files for the semiconductor-based storage medium, device identification and device type data of the semiconductor-based storage medium 1 and driver software 5 for the bus system 2.
- the subsequent individual process N + 1 relates to the loading of the driver software 5 for the bus system 2.
- the driver software 5 of the bus system 2 is loaded from the memory area of the computer system memory 4 and in a reverse order, the input into the computer system memory 4. This means that the device data and the driver software 5 are stored in the computer system 3, and are therefore read out of this memory area after the initialization of all devices connected to the bus system 2 and lead to the semiconductor-based storage medium 1 having the same drive letter as for the individual processes 1 to Nl.
- the individual processes N + 2 to N + M are individual processes (not described in more detail) which relate to the further starting process of the computer system 3.
- FIG. 3 schematically shows the semiconductor-based storage medium 1 with the first to third predetermined storage areas 6, 7 and 8, the master boot record file 9 being stored in the first predetermined storage area 6.
- An MBR 9 master boot record file
- An MBR 9 master boot record file
- An MBR 9 has the size of one sector of a memory, i.e. 512 bytes.
- an "Offset 0 hex" there is a boot code as a reference to a boot record file.
- From an offset 1BE hex there is an entry for a first partition of the drive, this entry is 16 bytes in size. This means that each additional entry for partitions, which must also be 16 bytes in size, are at the offsets ICE hex, ..., up to 1EE hex.
- the offset 1FE hex there is an identifier that expresses that it is a valid MBR (55AA hex).
- the first 2 bytes of the partition entry indicate whether it is active (80 hex) or inactive (OOhex).
- the other 14 bytes determine the start point, end point and the type (NTFS, FAT, etc.) of the partition depending on the hard disk size and type.
- the corresponding head, cylinder and sector are specified here. Since, for example: the semiconductor-based storage medium 1, such as a memory bird, has no heads, cylinders and sectors, these are simulated by certain entries at this point.
- the cluster size (smallest addressable area into which the hard disk is divided) is 4Kb. This then gives the corresponding values for cylinders and sectors.
- the boot record file for the respective partition with a reference to a valid boot loader file (e.g. for Windows PE this is the NTLDR file).
- the partition that is set to active then loads its boot record file via the BIOS. If there are several partitions, only one can be activated at a time.
- the computer system 3 can be started until the driver software 5 of the bus system 2 is initialized.
- the computer system 3 After the preparation of the semiconductor-based storage medium 1 with master boot record file 9 and boot record, it is important for the further procedure that the computer system 3 at the time of loading the driver software 5 of the bus system 2, for example the USB driver, the corresponding device driver is available. At the same time, the computer system 2 must be made aware that the start drive is a removable data carrier. This is done via a device-specific identifier of the semiconductor-based storage medium 1 and is, for example, anchored in the firmware of the semiconductor-based storage medium 1, or is to be carried out manually via software during initialization. If the computer system 3, or the operating system of the computer system, has recognized the semiconductor-based storage medium 1 as a removable data medium, the computer system 3 must still be "allowed" to start from this data medium. This must be done because, according to the declaration within the software and hardware industry, it is agreed that no USB start process other than a predetermined drive, for example USB-CD ROM. The "permission" to start is given by a
- the computer system 3 integrates the running letter "dynamically" into a registration file when it starts and causes the information in the memory to be managed via a stack when the bus system 2 and the driver software 5 are initialized.
- the device then becomes more fixed Drive letter assigned, which is stored as a root for all system access.
- the first steps that are necessary for the computer system to carry out the first sub-processes, 0 to N1, of a starting process are described above.
- the steps that are necessary for the computer system to carry out the further sub-processes, N to N + M, and to successfully complete the start-up process are described below.
- the complete bus system 2 for example the USB bus, is reset and all information of the devices connected up to that point is discarded. This means that previously assigned drive letters lose their validity and are redetermined. All devices that are connected to bus system 2 are redetermined and the drive letters are redetermined. Each device connected to the bus system 2 is registered on the bus system 2, the driver software 5 assigning the corresponding drive letters. All properties supported by the BIOS up to this point in time, with Memorybird the emulation of Interrupt 13 (hard disk emulation) are lost. The drive letters are also changed (drive C: beforehand, cannot be determined afterwards, this depends on the number and type of connected devices). As a result, the computer system 3 is no longer able to access the drivers and files required to complete the boot process. It crashes with an error message, for example a blue screen.
- an error message for example a blue screen.
- USB driver all the information that is necessary to load in an area in the computer system memory 4, which is then blocked for the operating system of the computer system 3 for storing other data. This is done in the following order: 1. Driver files for the device, 2. Device identification and device type, 3. USB driver.
- a FILO stack is used.
- a FILO stack is a "first in last out" stack, in which the first information that was placed on the stack is taken out last.
- a semaphore a priority-controlled queue, ensures that the computer system 3 receives the information at the right time.
- the requests coming from the operating system of the computer system are deflected into the semaphore, the highest priority receiving the request with the lowest interrupt.
- the references of the computer system 3, which refer to the start drive, in this case the semiconductor-based storage medium 1 are written to the reserved area of the computer system memory 4, so that all the information provided can be called up via the semaphores.
- the driver software 5 of the bus system 2 the USB driver, which is the last one on the stack, is activated.
- the driver software 5 then completely initializes all the devices connected to the bus system 2 in the reserved computer system memory.
- the reassignment of drive letters is initially done in the order of the physical drives, from C: / to C + n: /, depending on the number of devices in and on the computer system 3, with a real hard disk, for example C: ⁇ , ie " Physical Drive 0 "is assigned, and” counting up "according to device type and importance.
- the devices with the lowest priority receive the highest numbering or drive designation.
- the device type is determined via a device descriptor, an identifier that identifies the device and the device type.
- the reinitialized devices and those stored in the stack are identical, this is the device from which the computer system 3 was originally started. This is then stored, for example: PhysicalDrive2, or drive letter D: ⁇ , in the previously reserved computer system memory 4. in the Following this, the required device driver of the semiconductor-based storage medium 1 is loaded from the stack and activated. Now the pointers (references) of the computer system 2, which point to the area of the computer system memory 4, must be redirected to the information of the "physical drive" stored in the computer system memory 4 and the identifier set as a system data carrier. Following these measures, the computer system 3 or its operating system independently carries out the further partial starting processes N + 2 to N + M and automatically carries out the necessary changes, for example in the registration file.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Software Systems (AREA)
- Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
- Computer Security & Cryptography (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Stored Programmes (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE2003137856 DE10337856A1 (de) | 2003-08-18 | 2003-08-18 | Verfahren zum Starten eines Computersystems mit einem Speichermedium |
| PCT/DE2004/001700 WO2005017747A2 (de) | 2003-08-18 | 2004-07-29 | Verfahren zum starten eines computersystems mit einem speichermedium |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP1656613A2 true EP1656613A2 (de) | 2006-05-17 |
Family
ID=34177672
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP04762545A Ceased EP1656613A2 (de) | 2003-08-18 | 2004-07-29 | Verfahren zum starten eines computersystems mit einem speichermedium |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP1656613A2 (de) |
| DE (1) | DE10337856A1 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2005017747A2 (de) |
Family Cites Families (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5319751A (en) * | 1991-12-27 | 1994-06-07 | Intel Corporation | Device driver configuration in a computer system |
| US6574588B1 (en) * | 1998-09-23 | 2003-06-03 | Microsoft Corporation | Solid-state memory device that emulates a known storage device |
| US6718401B2 (en) * | 2001-06-27 | 2004-04-06 | Intel Corporation | System and method for device support |
| CN1122281C (zh) * | 2001-06-30 | 2003-09-24 | 深圳市朗科科技有限公司 | 一种多功能半导体存储装置 |
| US7299345B2 (en) * | 2001-09-28 | 2007-11-20 | Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P. | Reserved ROM space for storage of operating system drivers |
-
2003
- 2003-08-18 DE DE2003137856 patent/DE10337856A1/de not_active Ceased
-
2004
- 2004-07-29 WO PCT/DE2004/001700 patent/WO2005017747A2/de not_active Ceased
- 2004-07-29 EP EP04762545A patent/EP1656613A2/de not_active Ceased
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| See references of WO2005017747A2 * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO2005017747A2 (de) | 2005-02-24 |
| DE10337856A1 (de) | 2005-03-17 |
| WO2005017747A3 (de) | 2005-08-25 |
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| 17Q | First examination report despatched |
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