EP1655749B1 - Pastille de contact destinée à un contact électrique mobile de disjoncteur, contact électrique mobile possédant une telle pastille et disjoncteur comportant un tel contact - Google Patents

Pastille de contact destinée à un contact électrique mobile de disjoncteur, contact électrique mobile possédant une telle pastille et disjoncteur comportant un tel contact Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1655749B1
EP1655749B1 EP05354035A EP05354035A EP1655749B1 EP 1655749 B1 EP1655749 B1 EP 1655749B1 EP 05354035 A EP05354035 A EP 05354035A EP 05354035 A EP05354035 A EP 05354035A EP 1655749 B1 EP1655749 B1 EP 1655749B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
contact
circuit breaker
contact pad
silver
movable contact
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP05354035A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1655749A1 (fr
Inventor
Marc Rival
Guy Gastaldin
Jean-Paul Favre-Tissot
Franck Pizot
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Schneider Electric Industries SAS
Original Assignee
Schneider Electric Industries SAS
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Schneider Electric Industries SAS filed Critical Schneider Electric Industries SAS
Publication of EP1655749A1 publication Critical patent/EP1655749A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1655749B1 publication Critical patent/EP1655749B1/fr
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Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H1/00—Contacts
    • H01H1/02—Contacts characterised by the material thereof
    • H01H1/021—Composite material
    • H01H1/027—Composite material containing carbon particles or fibres
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H1/00—Contacts
    • H01H1/02—Contacts characterised by the material thereof
    • H01H1/021—Composite material
    • H01H1/023—Composite material having a noble metal as the basic material
    • H01H1/0233—Composite material having a noble metal as the basic material and containing carbides
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H1/00—Contacts
    • H01H1/02—Contacts characterised by the material thereof
    • H01H1/021—Composite material
    • H01H1/025—Composite material having copper as the basic material
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H3/00—Mechanisms for operating contacts
    • H01H3/22—Power arrangements internal to the switch for operating the driving mechanism
    • H01H3/30—Power arrangements internal to the switch for operating the driving mechanism using spring motor

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a contact pad intended to be fixed on a low voltage circuit breaker movable contact intended to withstand short-circuit peak currents of between 200 and 600 amperes per square millimeter of pellet.
  • the pellet consists of an alloy of conducting material based on silver or copper, a fraction of refractory particles such as tungsten carbide, tungsten or titanium nitride and a fraction of carbon fibers.
  • Solutions include adding at the surface or contact area composite materials in the form of pellets of different thicknesses and different materials.
  • the pellets are usually made of silver or copper alloy. They are made in the usual manner by sintering a powder composed of a silver-based alloy, in particular silver and tungsten or silver and nickel. These contact materials have a high electrical conductivity, a high sufficient resistance to oxidation and good properties with regard to contact resistance.
  • the known silver-based contact materials show an undesirable tendency to weld. In addition, they tend to cause adhesion of the contact surfaces and / or migration of material between the contact elements. Finally, their use is generally associated with excessive wear of the contacts.
  • Carbon, in the form of fibers, can also be added to the alloy powder (document US4699763 ).
  • the resistance to erosion is then improved, but this improvement is achieved at the cost of an alteration of the behavior of the contact at the weld.
  • the carbon fibers are mixed with the metal powder with a wetting agent, lubricant and wet solvent, followed by drying, compression and sintering.
  • the disadvantage of such a method is that it involves complications inherent to a wet process.
  • EP0729162 is described a method of manufacturing powder-based electrical contacts of a good electrically conductive metal such as silver and crushed carbon fibers of average length less than 20 .mu.m.
  • a good electrically conductive metal such as silver and crushed carbon fibers of average length less than 20 .mu.m.
  • the contact surface keeps, after cutting under a short-circuit current, its fine, homogeneous and isotropic structure of fiber residues of variable length and any orientation in the matrix of money.
  • the weight proportions of crushed carbon fiber residues are between 2 and 5% with the silver powder.
  • the material thus obtained shows a low post contact resistance, good anti-weld qualities and acceptable erosion resistance.
  • the invention therefore aims to overcome the disadvantages of the state of the art, so as to provide a contact pad having a low contact resistance post cut, high erosion resistance and good anti-welding properties.
  • a contact pad according to the invention comprises a weight percentage of carbon fibers in the pellet strictly less than 2% of the total mass of said contact patch.
  • the weight percentage of carbon fibers in the contact pad is between 0.5% and 1.9% of the total mass of said contact pad.
  • the carbon fibers are crushed fibers with a length of less than 20 ⁇ m.
  • the carbon fibers consist of carbonized fibers containing at least 90% carbon, less than 10% nitrogen, substantially 1% oxygen and less than 1% hydrogen.
  • the contact patch is composed of 79% of the silver alloy, 20% of tungsten carbide (CW) and 1% of carbon fiber.
  • a mobile circuit breaker contact according to a development mode of the invention comprises a movable contact finger connected to a contact pad as defined above, the chip being connected to the movable contact finger via a thin layer of conductive material based on silver alloy.
  • the contact pad 3 is intended to be fixed on a moving contact 2 low-voltage circuit breaker 1 for supporting short-circuit currents of several kilo amperes.
  • a contact pad 3 according to the invention is intended to withstand short-circuit peak currents of between 200 and 600 amperes per square millimeter of pellet.
  • the contact pad 3 is composed of a conductive material such as silver (Ag) or copper (Cu) in which is inserted a fraction of carbon fibers and a fraction of refractory particles such as for example carbide tungsten (WC), tungsten (W), titanium nitride (TiN). These refractory particles have an average diameter of 1 to 10 microns.
  • a conductive material such as silver (Ag) or copper (Cu) in which is inserted a fraction of carbon fibers and a fraction of refractory particles such as for example carbide tungsten (WC), tungsten (W), titanium nitride (TiN). These refractory particles have an average diameter of 1 to 10 microns.
  • the carbon fibers consist of carbonized fibers containing at least 90% carbon, less than 10% nitrogen, substantially 1% oxygen and less than 1% hydrogen.
  • carbon fibers with an average length L1 of between approximately 100 ⁇ m and 800 ⁇ m and a diameter of between 4 and 20 ⁇ m are chosen. These fibers undergo a cold and dry mechanical treatment in a mechanical grinder. The conditions of intensity and duration of grinding make it possible to obtain fibers the length of which is statistically distributed around a mean value which is much lower than the initial average value. From the initial fibers, crushed fiber residues having an average length of less than 20 ⁇ m are thus obtained. The crushed fibers are then added to the conductive material containing the refractory fractions. The powder mixture of conductive material and the crushed carbon fibers is carried out dry in a mechanical mixer until a homogeneous mixture is obtained. Said mixture then undergoes a unitary compression and a sintering so as to obtain an isotropic material structure
  • the weight percentage of carbon fibers in the pellet is strictly less than 2%. It is preferably between 0.5% and 1.9% of the total mass of the pellet.
  • an ideal compromise in the choice of the proportions of materials for this type of application consists in using a pellet comprising 79% silver (Ag), 20% tungsten carbide (CW) and 1% of crushed carbon fibers.
  • this material having an appropriate homogeneous structure shows a low and stable post-cut contact resistance as well as a good resistance to erosion under a short circuit of several tens of kiloamperes.
  • this material develops anti-welding characteristics with respect to the steel balls present in the environment during the cut especially in the electric arc column.
  • An explosive phenomenon due to the degradation of the carbon fiber explains the anti-adhesion characteristics of this material with respect to molten steel balls.
  • a movable contact 2 circuit breaker 1 comprising a movable contact finger moving relative to a fixed contact 4 of the circuit breaker, has a contact pad 3 as defined above.
  • Said contact pad is connected to the movable contact finger by means of a thin layer of conductive material based on silver or a mixture of copper and silver. This intermediate layer makes it possible to block the propagation of cracks in the interface zone between the contact pad 3 and the finger.
  • a circuit breaker 1 comprising an opening mechanism 6 acting on at least one electric moving contact 2 as defined above.
  • Said at least one moving contact 2 is placed opposite a fixed contact 4.
  • Said fixed contact is made of an alloy, generally comprising a silver metal matrix in which a fraction of particles of graphite powder is inserted. Said fraction of particles constitutes 3 to 5% of the mass of the alloy.
  • the alloy may also comprise a certain amount of refractory elements (W, WC, Ni) of between 2 and 30% of the total mass.
  • the circuit breaker 1 according to a particular embodiment, is intended to accept nominal currents of 1600 amps and short-term currents of 42000 amps for one second.
  • the breaking chambers 10 comprise, by pole, five movable contacts 2 associated with a fixed contact area 4.
  • Filtering means 5 placed on the walls of the breaking chambers 10 are intended to strongly attenuate external manifestations of the gases present in said rooms at the time of opening contacts.
  • the filtering means 5 comprise filters having characteristics specific techniques as described in the applicant's patents ( EP-A-1115132 , EP-A-1251533 ).

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Composite Materials (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Contacts (AREA)
EP05354035A 2004-11-08 2005-10-11 Pastille de contact destinée à un contact électrique mobile de disjoncteur, contact électrique mobile possédant une telle pastille et disjoncteur comportant un tel contact Active EP1655749B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR0411869A FR2877763B1 (fr) 2004-11-08 2004-11-08 Pastille de contact destinee a un contact electrique mobile de disjoncteur, contact electrique mobile possedant une telle pastille et disjoncteur comportant un tel contact

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1655749A1 EP1655749A1 (fr) 2006-05-10
EP1655749B1 true EP1655749B1 (fr) 2007-11-28

Family

ID=34950471

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP05354035A Active EP1655749B1 (fr) 2004-11-08 2005-10-11 Pastille de contact destinée à un contact électrique mobile de disjoncteur, contact électrique mobile possédant une telle pastille et disjoncteur comportant un tel contact

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US7598832B2 (zh)
EP (1) EP1655749B1 (zh)
CN (1) CN1773647B (zh)
DE (1) DE602005003537T2 (zh)
ES (1) ES2297652T3 (zh)
FR (1) FR2877763B1 (zh)

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102009018035A1 (de) * 2009-04-18 2010-10-28 Moeller Gmbh Kontaktanordnung für Schwachstromanwendungen
IN2013CH05861A (zh) * 2013-12-16 2015-06-19 Gen Electric
CN104532050A (zh) * 2015-01-15 2015-04-22 潍坊学院 一种氮化钛增强银基触头材料及其制备方法
FR3036841B1 (fr) * 2015-05-28 2017-06-23 Schneider Electric Ind Sas Pole mobile et appareil de coupure
US11798751B2 (en) * 2021-06-30 2023-10-24 Siemens Industry, Inc. Metal contact of a residential circuit breaker including ordered ceramic microparticles

Family Cites Families (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2057618A1 (de) * 1970-11-24 1972-06-15 Duerrwaechter E Dr Doduco Metall-Kohlenstoff-Verbundwerkstoff und Verfahren zu seiner Herstellung
FR2568417B1 (fr) 1984-07-25 1986-11-28 Lorraine Carbone Procede de fabrication de contacts electriques et contacts obtenus.
US4689196A (en) * 1985-06-24 1987-08-25 Gte Products Corporation Silver-tungsten carbide-graphite electrical contact
US4699763A (en) * 1986-06-25 1987-10-13 Westinghouse Electric Corp. Circuit breaker contact containing silver and graphite fibers
US5199553A (en) * 1990-10-09 1993-04-06 Fuji Electric Co., Ltd. Sliding contactor for electric equipment
DE4111683A1 (de) * 1991-04-10 1992-10-22 Duerrwaechter E Dr Doduco Werkstoff fuer elektrische kontakte aus silber mit kohlenstoff
FR2731106A1 (fr) 1995-02-27 1996-08-30 Schneider Electric Sa Procede de fabrication d'un materiau de contact electrique composite
FR2803686B1 (fr) 2000-01-07 2002-02-22 Schneider Electric Ind Sa Pole pour disjoncteur electrique, muni d'une chambre d'extinction d'arc a ecrans dielectriques
FR2823904B1 (fr) 2001-04-19 2003-06-06 Schneider Electric Ind Sa Diffuseur monobloc pour un appareillage electrique de coupure
US20050153160A1 (en) 2004-01-12 2005-07-14 Yourong Liu Durable thermal barrier coating having low thermal conductivity

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN1773647A (zh) 2006-05-17
ES2297652T3 (es) 2008-05-01
US20060096846A1 (en) 2006-05-11
FR2877763B1 (fr) 2007-03-16
US7598832B2 (en) 2009-10-06
DE602005003537T2 (de) 2008-10-23
FR2877763A1 (fr) 2006-05-12
EP1655749A1 (fr) 2006-05-10
CN1773647B (zh) 2011-09-21
DE602005003537D1 (de) 2008-01-10

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