EP1655482A1 - Valve for injecting fuel - Google Patents

Valve for injecting fuel Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1655482A1
EP1655482A1 EP05109372A EP05109372A EP1655482A1 EP 1655482 A1 EP1655482 A1 EP 1655482A1 EP 05109372 A EP05109372 A EP 05109372A EP 05109372 A EP05109372 A EP 05109372A EP 1655482 A1 EP1655482 A1 EP 1655482A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
edge
valve
distance
recess
downstream
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP05109372A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1655482B1 (en
EP1655482B8 (en
Inventor
Erwin Achleitner
Claus Anzinger
Willibald SCHÜRZ
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Continental Automotive GmbH
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Siemens AG
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Publication date
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Publication of EP1655482A1 publication Critical patent/EP1655482A1/en
Publication of EP1655482B1 publication Critical patent/EP1655482B1/en
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Publication of EP1655482B8 publication Critical patent/EP1655482B8/en
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
    • F02M61/16—Details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M61/02 - F02M61/14
    • F02M61/18—Injection nozzles, e.g. having valve seats; Details of valve member seated ends, not otherwise provided for
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
    • F02M61/04—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00 having valves, e.g. having a plurality of valves in series
    • F02M61/08—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00 having valves, e.g. having a plurality of valves in series the valves opening in direction of fuel flow

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a valve for injecting fuel, which has a valve body, in which a recess is formed and in the recess, a valve needle is arranged axially movable.
  • the valve needle has a closing body, which widens conically or spherically in a flow direction of a fuel flow.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a valve in which a spray pattern of the injected fuel is permanently protected against deposition-related changes.
  • the invention is characterized by a valve for injecting fuel, which has a valve body in which a recess is formed.
  • the recess widens in an outflow region in a flow direction of the fuel in a cone-shaped or spherical manner towards a detachment edge.
  • a wall of the recess in the downstream region forms a valve seat.
  • the valve further has a valve needle which is arranged axially movable in the recess and which has at a downstream end a closing body which widens conically or spherically in the flow direction towards a first edge. The closing body sits in a closed position on the valve seat and prevents a fuel flow and otherwise releases it.
  • the release edge has a first distance to the valve seat and the first edge has a second distance to the valve seat, wherein the first distance is smaller than the second distance.
  • the valve body extends downstream of the separation edge to a second edge having a third distance from the valve seat at least as great as the second distance. The recess widens downstream of the separation edge to the second edge so that the fuel stream at the separation edge detaches from the valve body.
  • the invention is based on the recognition that form deposits in areas of a valve, which are exposed to hot combustion gases and are not flown by the fuel flow at a high flow rate, during operation.
  • These deposits which consist essentially of carbon, can be produced at high temperatures by coking of fuel residues at the injection nozzle or by combustion residues from the combustion gases. These deposits may grow to extend into the fuel stream, thereby undesirably diverting the fuel stream from the upstream prevailing flow direction.
  • a spray pattern of the valve can be adversely affected.
  • the valve body By extending the valve body downstream of the separation edge to the second edge, the valve body functions as a shield to prevent hot combustion gases from heating up a region at the first edge and causing deposits. The formation of deposits and coking in this area can be reliably prevented.
  • the spray pattern By widening the recess downstream of the detachment edge up to the second edge, it is possible to achieve that the spray pattern has a desired shape and quality. Since the fuel stream already separates from the valve body at the separation edge, the spray pattern is not affected by the valve body downstream of the separation edge.
  • a difference of the third distance and the first distance is between 0 and 15 micrometers.
  • the difference of the third distance and the first distance is between 10 and 15 microns. This has the advantage that the effect of the shield is particularly high.
  • the widening of the recess between the detachment edge and the second edge is designed as a chamfer.
  • the advantage is that the chamfer is very easy to produce.
  • an angle between a tangent of the wall of the recess immediately upstream of the detachment edge and a straight line which touches the detachment edge and the second edge is between 8 and 15 degrees.
  • Figure 1 shows a valve for injecting fuel, in particular for internal combustion engines in motor vehicles for injecting fuel.
  • the valve has an injector housing 1, in which a bore 2 is formed, and a port 3, which is coupled to the bore 2 and through which fuel can be supplied to the valve.
  • the valve further comprises a valve body 4 with a recess 5, in which a valve needle 6 is arranged axially movable, which closes an injection nozzle 7 in a closed position and otherwise allows a flow of fuel through the injection nozzle 7.
  • the valve further comprises a lifting device with an actuator 8 and a compensation element 9, which are coupled together in the axial direction.
  • the actuator 8 is for example a piezoelectric actuator.
  • the stroke of the lifting device is dependent on the axial extent of the actuator 8, which is dependent on a control signal.
  • the lifting device is coupled to the valve needle 6 and cooperates with the valve needle 6 so that the stroke of the lifting device is transmitted to the valve needle 6 and that the valve needle 6 is moved to its closed position or into an open position.
  • FIG. 2 shows a downstream region of the valve with an indicated, hollow conical spray pattern 10.
  • FIG. 3 and FIG. 4 show an enlarged detail of the downstream region of the valve according to FIG. 2.
  • the recess 5 in the valve body 4 widens in a downstream region of the valve body 4 tapered towards a separation edge 11 and thus forms an inner cone 12 of the valve body 4.
  • the inner cone 12 of the valve body 4 has an adjustment angle ⁇ , which is related to a longitudinal axis 13 of the recess 5.
  • the valve needle 6 has at its downstream end a closing body 14, which has a first cone 15 and a second cone 16.
  • a setting angle of the first cone 15 is slightly smaller than the setting angle ⁇ of the inner cone 12 of the valve body 4 and a setting angle of the second cone 16 is slightly larger than the setting angle ⁇ of the inner cone 12 of the valve body 4.
  • the setting angles of the first cone 15 and the second cone 16 are also based on the longitudinal axis 13 of the recess 5 as the setting angle ⁇ .
  • a sealing band 17 is provided between the first cone 15 and the second cone 16.
  • the inner cone 12 of the valve body 4 forms a valve seat 18, on which the closing body 14 is seated with the sealing band 17 in a closed position of the valve needle 6 and thus prevents the fuel flow.
  • the sealing strip 17 between the first cone 15 and the second cone 16 may be rounded or have a further cone whose setting angle is preferably approximately equal to the setting angle ⁇ of the inner cone 12 of the valve body 4.
  • the first cone 15 and the second cone 16 may adjoin one another directly.
  • a gap 19 is formed downstream of the valve seat 18 between the first cone 15 and the inner cone 12 of the valve body 4.
  • the inner cone 12 of the valve body 4, the first cone 15, the second cone 16 and the sealing band 17 form the injection nozzle 7.
  • the release edge 11 has a first distance from the valve seat 18.
  • the first cone 15 extends downstream of the Valve seat 18 to a first edge 20, which has a second distance from the valve seat 18. It has been shown that it is advantageous to make the first distance smaller than the second distance.
  • the spray pattern 10 then has a particularly favorable for combustion form.
  • the recess 5 in the valve body 4 widens downstream of the detachment edge 11 up to a second edge 21, which has a third distance from the valve seat 18. Such a widening of the recess 5 causes the fuel flow to detach from the detachment edge 11 and not follow the contour of the valve body 4 downstream of the detachment edge 11. As a result, the spray pattern 10 downstream of the detachment edge 11 is uninfluenced by an embodiment of the valve body 4.
  • the valve body 4 By forming the valve body 4 such that the third distance is at least as great as the second distance, the first edge 20 is shielded from hot combustion gases and combustion residues, so that no deposits or coking can arise there.
  • Particularly favorable is the shielding effect of the valve body 4, when the third distance is greater than the second distance. It has proven to be particularly favorable if a difference of the third distance and the second distance is approximately between 10 and 15 micrometers. The shielding effect is then high and the downstream area of the valve has a streamlined shape, which makes it difficult to form deposits on the valve body 4.
  • the widening of the recess 5 between the detaching edge 11 and the second edge 21 is formed such that a straight line which contacts the detaching edge 11 and the second edge 21 and which lies in the same plane as the longitudinal axis 13 of the recess 5, with the longitudinal axis 13 of the recess 5 forms an angle ⁇ greater angle than the setting angle ⁇ of the inner cone 12 of the valve body 4.
  • the angle ⁇ between a tangent of the wall of the recess 5 formed in the downstream region at the separation edge 11 and the straight line.
  • the angle ⁇ is preferably between 8 and 15 degrees.
  • the angle ⁇ is then large enough to be able to ensure that the fuel flow downstream of the separation edge 11 can not follow the contour of the valve body and the spray pattern 10 downstream of the separation edge 11 is not affected by the configuration of the valve body 4. Further, the angle ⁇ is small enough to shield the first edge 20 well from hot combustion gases. Thereby, the coking of the valve needle 6 at the first edge 20 can be prevented.
  • the widening of the recess 5 between the detaching edge 11 and the second edge 21 is designed as a chamfer 22 (FIG. 3), wherein the chamfer angle is equal to the angle ⁇ .
  • the widening of the recess 5 between the detaching edge 11 and the second edge 21 may also be designed differently, for example stepped (FIG. 4) or rounded, as long as it is ensured that the fuel flow at the detaching edge 11 is detached from the valve body 4 and the contour of the Valve body 4 downstream of the separation edge 11 can not follow.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)

Abstract

The valve has a valve body (4) along with a recess (5) which lies along the direction of flow of the fuel through the conical or spherical replaceable edge (11) formed along the valve seat. The valve needle (6) is movable along the axial direction of the recess along the closing body (14) which is mounted on the valve seat preventing release of fuel and which has first edge (20) and second edge (21). The first clearance which is formed between the replaceable edge and the valve seat (18) is smaller than the second edge which is formed between the first edge and the valve seat. The third clearance is formed between the second edge and the replaceable edge and is of the same width as the second clearance.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Ventil zum Einspritzen von Brennstoff, das einen Ventilkörper hat, in dem eine Ausnehmung ausgebildet ist und in der Ausnehmung eine Ventilnadel axial bewegbar angeordnet ist. Die Ventilnadel weist einen Schließkörper auf, der sich in einer Strömungsrichtung eines Brennstoffstroms kegelförmig oder kugelförmig weitet.The invention relates to a valve for injecting fuel, which has a valve body, in which a recess is formed and in the recess, a valve needle is arranged axially movable. The valve needle has a closing body, which widens conically or spherically in a flow direction of a fuel flow.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein Ventil zu schaffen, bei dem ein Sprühbild des eingespritzten Brennstoffs dauerhaft vor ablagerungsbedingten Veränderungen geschützt ist.The invention has for its object to provide a valve in which a spray pattern of the injected fuel is permanently protected against deposition-related changes.

Die Aufgabe wird gelöst durch die Merkmale der unabhängigen Patentansprüche. Vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen der Erfindung sind in den Unteransprüchen gekennzeichnet.The object is solved by the features of the independent claims. Advantageous developments of the invention are characterized in the subclaims.

Die Erfindung zeichnet sich aus durch ein Ventil zum Einspritzen von Brennstoff, das einen Ventilkörper hat, in dem eine Ausnehmung ausgebildet ist. Die Ausnehmung weitet sich in einem abströmseitigen Bereich in einer Strömungsrichtung des Brennstoffs kegelförmig oder kugelförmig hin zu einer Ablösekante. Eine Wandung der Ausnehmung in dem abströmseitigen Bereich bildet einen Ventilsitz. Das Ventil hat ferner eine Ventilnadel, die axial bewegbar in der Ausnehmung angeordnet ist und die an einem abströmseitigen Ende einen Schließkörper hat, der sich in der Strömungsrichtung kegelförmig oder kugelförmig hin zu einer ersten Kante weitet. Der Schließkörper sitzt in einer Schließposition auf dem Ventilsitz auf und unterbindet einen Brennstoffstrom und gibt diesen ansonsten frei. Die Ablösekante weist einen ersten Abstand zu dem Ventilsitz auf und die erste Kante weist einen zweiten Abstand zu dem Ventilsitz auf, wobei der erste Abstand kleiner ist als der zweite Abstand. Der Ventilkörper erstreckt sich stromabwärts der Ablösekante bis zu einer zweiten Kante, die einen dritten Abstand zu dem Ventilsitz aufweist, der mindestens so groß ist wie der zweite Abstand. Die Ausnehmung weitet sich stromabwärts der Ablösekante bis zu der zweiten Kante so, dass sich der Brennstoffstrom an der Ablösekante von dem Ventilkörper ablöst.The invention is characterized by a valve for injecting fuel, which has a valve body in which a recess is formed. The recess widens in an outflow region in a flow direction of the fuel in a cone-shaped or spherical manner towards a detachment edge. A wall of the recess in the downstream region forms a valve seat. The valve further has a valve needle which is arranged axially movable in the recess and which has at a downstream end a closing body which widens conically or spherically in the flow direction towards a first edge. The closing body sits in a closed position on the valve seat and prevents a fuel flow and otherwise releases it. The release edge has a first distance to the valve seat and the first edge has a second distance to the valve seat, wherein the first distance is smaller than the second distance. The valve body extends downstream of the separation edge to a second edge having a third distance from the valve seat at least as great as the second distance. The recess widens downstream of the separation edge to the second edge so that the fuel stream at the separation edge detaches from the valve body.

Die Erfindung beruht auf der Erkenntnis, dass sich an Bereichen eines Ventils, die heißen Verbrennungsgasen ausgesetzt sind und die nicht von dem Brennstoffstrom mit einer hohen Strömungsgeschwindigkeit angeströmt werden, während des Betriebs Ablagerungen bilden. Diese Ablagerungen, die im Wesentlichen aus Kohlenstoff bestehen, können bei hohen Temperaturen durch ein Verkoken von Brennstoffrückständen an der Einspritzdüse oder durch Verbrennungsrückstände aus den Verbrennungsgasen entstehen. Diese Ablagerungen können so weit anwachsen, dass sie sich bis in den Brennstoffstrom erstrecken und so den Brennstoffstrom unerwünscht aus der stromaufwärts vorherrschenden Strömungsrichtung ablenken. Ein Sprühbild des Ventils kann dadurch nachteilig verändert sein.The invention is based on the recognition that form deposits in areas of a valve, which are exposed to hot combustion gases and are not flown by the fuel flow at a high flow rate, during operation. These deposits, which consist essentially of carbon, can be produced at high temperatures by coking of fuel residues at the injection nozzle or by combustion residues from the combustion gases. These deposits may grow to extend into the fuel stream, thereby undesirably diverting the fuel stream from the upstream prevailing flow direction. A spray pattern of the valve can be adversely affected.

Durch das Erstrecken des Ventilkörpers stromabwärts der Ablösekante bis zu der zweiten Kante hat der Ventilkörper die Funktion einer Abschirmung, die verhindert, dass heiße Verbrennungsgase einen Bereich an der ersten Kante aufheizt und Ablagerungen verursacht. Das Entstehen von Ablagerungen und von Verkokung in diesem Bereich kann so zuverlässig verhindert werden. Durch das Weiten der Ausnehmung stromabwärts der Ablösekante bis zu der zweiten Kante ist erreichbar, dass das Sprühbild eine gewünschte Form und Qualität aufweist. Da der Brennstoffstrom sich bereits an der Ablösekante von dem Ventilkörper ablöst, ist das Sprühbild von dem Ventilkörper stromabwärts der Ablösekante nicht beeinflusst.By extending the valve body downstream of the separation edge to the second edge, the valve body functions as a shield to prevent hot combustion gases from heating up a region at the first edge and causing deposits. The formation of deposits and coking in this area can be reliably prevented. By widening the recess downstream of the detachment edge up to the second edge, it is possible to achieve that the spray pattern has a desired shape and quality. Since the fuel stream already separates from the valve body at the separation edge, the spray pattern is not affected by the valve body downstream of the separation edge.

In einer vorteilhaften Ausgestaltung des Ventils beträgt eine Differenz des dritten Abstands und des ersten Abstands zwischen 0 und 15 Mikrometern. Dies hat den Vorteil, dass die Differenz so groß ist, dass der Bereich um die erste Kante gut gegenüber den heißen Verbrennungsgasen abgeschirmt ist und dass die Differenz so klein ist, dass der Ventilkörper sich nicht unnötig weit über die Ablösekante hinaus erstreckt und so nicht unnötig der Verkokung ausgesetzt ist.In an advantageous embodiment of the valve, a difference of the third distance and the first distance is between 0 and 15 micrometers. This has the advantage that the Difference is so large that the area around the first edge is well shielded from the hot combustion gases and that the difference is so small that the valve body does not extend unnecessarily far beyond the separation edge and is thus not unnecessarily exposed to coking.

In diesem Zusammenhang ist es vorteilhaft, dass die Differenz des dritten Abstands und des ersten Abstands zwischen 10 und 15 Mikrometer beträgt. Dies hat den Vorteil, dass die Wirkung der Abschirmung besonders hoch ist.In this context, it is advantageous that the difference of the third distance and the first distance is between 10 and 15 microns. This has the advantage that the effect of the shield is particularly high.

In einer weiteren vorteilhaften Ausgestaltung des Ventils ist die Weitung der Ausnehmung zwischen der Ablösekante und der zweiten Kante als Fase ausgeführt. Der Vorteil ist, dass die Fase sehr einfach herstellbar ist.In a further advantageous embodiment of the valve, the widening of the recess between the detachment edge and the second edge is designed as a chamfer. The advantage is that the chamfer is very easy to produce.

In einer weiteren vorteilhaften Ausgestaltung des Ventils beträgt ein Winkel zwischen einer Tangente der Wandung der Ausnehmung unmittelbar stromaufwärts der Ablösekante und einer Geraden, die die Ablösekante und die zweite Kante berührt, zwischen 8 und 15 Grad. Der Vorteil ist, dass dieser Winkel so groß ist, das Ablösen des Brennstoffstroms von der Ablösekante zu ermöglichen, und der Winkel so klein ist, dass die Abschirmung zuverlässig Ablagerungen und Verkokung in dem Bereich um die erste Kante verhindern kann. Ferner ist dieser Winkel fertigungstechnisch zuverlässig herstellbar.In a further advantageous embodiment of the valve, an angle between a tangent of the wall of the recess immediately upstream of the detachment edge and a straight line which touches the detachment edge and the second edge is between 8 and 15 degrees. The advantage is that this angle is so great as to permit the detachment of the fuel stream from the detachment edge, and the angle is so small that the shield can reliably prevent deposits and coking in the area around the first edge. Furthermore, this angle can be produced reliably in terms of manufacturing technology.

Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung sind im Folgenden anhand der schematischen Zeichnungen erläutert.Embodiments of the invention are explained below with reference to the schematic drawings.

Es zeigen:

  • Figur 1 ein Ventil,
  • Figur 2 ein abströmseitiger Bereich des Ventils gemäß Figur 1,
  • Figur 3 ein vergrößerter Ausschnitt des abströmseitigen Bereichs des Ventils gemäß Figur 2, und
  • Figur 4 ein weiterer vergrößerter Ausschnitt des abströmseitigen Bereichs des Ventils gemäß Figur 2.
Show it:
  • FIG. 1 a valve,
  • FIG. 2 shows an outflow-side region of the valve according to FIG. 1,
  • 3 shows an enlarged section of the downstream region of the valve according to FIG. 2, and FIG
  • FIG. 4 shows a further enlarged section of the outflow region of the valve according to FIG. 2.

Elemente gleicher Konstruktion oder Funktion sind figuren-übergreifend mit den gleichen Bezugszeichen versehen.Elements of the same construction or function are provided across the figures with the same reference numerals.

Figur 1 zeigt ein Ventil zum Einspritzen von Brennstoff, insbesondere für Brennkraftmaschinen in Kraftfahrzeugen zum Einspritzen von Kraftstoff. Das Ventil hat ein Injektorgehäuse 1, in dem eine Bohrung 2 ausgebildet ist, und einen Anschluss 3, der mit der Bohrung 2 gekoppelt ist und durch den dem Ventil Kraftstoff zugeführt werden kann. Das Ventil umfasst ferner einen Ventilkörper 4 mit einer Ausnehmung 5, in der eine Ventilnadel 6 axial bewegbar angeordnet ist, die in einer Schließposition eine Einspritzdüse 7 verschließt und andernfalls einen Brennstoffstrom durch die Einspritzdüse 7 zulässt. Das Ventil umfasst ferner eine Hubvorrichtung mit einem Aktor 8 und einem Ausgleichselement 9, die in axialer Richtung miteinander gekoppelt sind. Der Aktor 8 ist beispielsweise ein Piezoaktor. Der Hub der Hubvorrichtung ist abhängig von der axialen Ausdehnung des Aktors 8, die abhängig ist von einem Stellsignal. Die Hubvorrichtung ist gekoppelt mit der Ventilnadel 6 und wirkt derart mit der Ventilnadel 6 zusammen, dass der Hub der Hubvorrichtung auf die Ventilnadel 6 übertragen wird und dass die Ventilnadel 6 so in ihre Schließposition oder in eine Offenposition bewegt wird.Figure 1 shows a valve for injecting fuel, in particular for internal combustion engines in motor vehicles for injecting fuel. The valve has an injector housing 1, in which a bore 2 is formed, and a port 3, which is coupled to the bore 2 and through which fuel can be supplied to the valve. The valve further comprises a valve body 4 with a recess 5, in which a valve needle 6 is arranged axially movable, which closes an injection nozzle 7 in a closed position and otherwise allows a flow of fuel through the injection nozzle 7. The valve further comprises a lifting device with an actuator 8 and a compensation element 9, which are coupled together in the axial direction. The actuator 8 is for example a piezoelectric actuator. The stroke of the lifting device is dependent on the axial extent of the actuator 8, which is dependent on a control signal. The lifting device is coupled to the valve needle 6 and cooperates with the valve needle 6 so that the stroke of the lifting device is transmitted to the valve needle 6 and that the valve needle 6 is moved to its closed position or into an open position.

Figur 2 zeigt einen abströmseitigen Bereich des Ventils mit einem angedeuteten, hohlkegelförmigen Sprühbild 10. Figur 3 und Figur 4 zeigen einen vergrößerten Ausschnitt des abströmseitigen Bereichs des Ventils gemäß Figur 2. Die Ausnehmung 5 in dem Ventilkörper 4 weitet sich in einem abströmseitigen Bereich des Ventilkörpers 4 kegelförmig hin zu einer Ablösekante 11 und bildet so einen Innenkegel 12 des Ventilkörpers 4. Der Innenkegel 12 des Ventilkörpers 4 weist einen Einstellwinkel α auf, der auf eine Längsachse 13 der Ausnehmung 5 bezogen ist.FIG. 2 shows a downstream region of the valve with an indicated, hollow conical spray pattern 10. FIG. 3 and FIG. 4 show an enlarged detail of the downstream region of the valve according to FIG. 2. The recess 5 in the valve body 4 widens in a downstream region of the valve body 4 tapered towards a separation edge 11 and thus forms an inner cone 12 of the valve body 4. The inner cone 12 of the valve body 4 has an adjustment angle α, which is related to a longitudinal axis 13 of the recess 5.

Die Ventilnadel 6 hat an ihrem abströmseitigen Ende einen Schließkörper 14, der einen ersten Kegel 15 und einen zweiten Kegel 16 aufweist. Ein Einstellwinkel des ersten Kegels 15 ist etwas kleiner als der Einstellwinkel α des Innenkegels 12 des Ventilkörpers 4 und ein Einstellwinkel des zweiten Kegels 16 ist etwas größer als der Einstellwinkel α des Innenkegels 12 des Ventilkörpers 4. Die Einstellwinkel des ersten Kegels 15 und des zweiten Kegels 16 sind ebenso bezogen auf die Längsachse 13 der Ausnehmung 5 wie der Einstellwinkel α.The valve needle 6 has at its downstream end a closing body 14, which has a first cone 15 and a second cone 16. A setting angle of the first cone 15 is slightly smaller than the setting angle α of the inner cone 12 of the valve body 4 and a setting angle of the second cone 16 is slightly larger than the setting angle α of the inner cone 12 of the valve body 4. The setting angles of the first cone 15 and the second cone 16 are also based on the longitudinal axis 13 of the recess 5 as the setting angle α.

Zwischen dem ersten Kegel 15 und dem zweiten Kegel 16 ist ein Dichtband 17 vorgesehen. Der Innenkegel 12 des Ventilkörpers 4 bildet einen Ventilsitz 18, auf dem der Schließkörper 14 mit dem Dichtband 17 in einer Schließposition der Ventilnadel 6 aufsitzt und so den Brennstoffstrom unterbindet. Das Dichtband 17 zwischen dem ersten Kegel 15 und dem zweiten Kegel 16 kann abgerundet sein oder einen weiteren Kegel aufweisen, dessen Einstellwinkel vorzugsweise etwa gleich dem Einstellwinkel α des Innenkegels 12 des Ventilkörpers 4 ist. Ebenso können der erste Kegel 15 und der zweite Kegel 16 unmittelbar aneinander grenzen. Somit ist sichergestellt, dass auch bei fertigungstechnisch unvermeidlichen Toleranzen bei der Herstellung des Innenkegels 12 des Ventilkörpers 4, des ersten Kegels 15 oder des zweiten Kegels 16 das Ventil in der Schließposition zuverlässig den Brennstoffstrom unterbindet.Between the first cone 15 and the second cone 16, a sealing band 17 is provided. The inner cone 12 of the valve body 4 forms a valve seat 18, on which the closing body 14 is seated with the sealing band 17 in a closed position of the valve needle 6 and thus prevents the fuel flow. The sealing strip 17 between the first cone 15 and the second cone 16 may be rounded or have a further cone whose setting angle is preferably approximately equal to the setting angle α of the inner cone 12 of the valve body 4. Likewise, the first cone 15 and the second cone 16 may adjoin one another directly. Thus, it is ensured that even with manufacturing tolerances unavoidable in the production of the inner cone 12 of the valve body 4, the first cone 15 or the second cone 16, the valve in the closed position reliably prevents the fuel flow.

Aufgrund der unterschiedlichen Einstellwinkel des ersten Kegels 15 und des Einstellwinkels α des Innenkegels 12 des Ventilkörpers 4 ist stromabwärts des Ventilsitzes 18 ein Spalt 19 zwischen dem ersten Kegel 15 und dem Innenkegel 12 des Ventilkörpers 4 ausgebildet. Der Innenkegel 12 des Ventilkörpers 4, der erste Kegel 15, der zweite Kegel 16 und das Dichtband 17 bilden die Einspritzdüse 7.Due to the different setting angle of the first cone 15 and the setting angle α of the inner cone 12 of the valve body 4, a gap 19 is formed downstream of the valve seat 18 between the first cone 15 and the inner cone 12 of the valve body 4. The inner cone 12 of the valve body 4, the first cone 15, the second cone 16 and the sealing band 17 form the injection nozzle 7.

Die Ablösekante 11 hat von dem Ventilsitz 18 einen ersten Abstand. Der erste Kegel 15 erstreckt sich stromabwärts des Ventilsitzes 18 bis zu einer ersten Kante 20, die von dem Ventilsitz 18 einen zweiten Abstand hat. Es hat sich gezeigt, dass es vorteilhaft ist, den ersten Abstand kleiner auszubilden als den zweiten Abstand. Das Sprühbild 10 hat dann eine für die Verbrennung besonders günstige Form.The release edge 11 has a first distance from the valve seat 18. The first cone 15 extends downstream of the Valve seat 18 to a first edge 20, which has a second distance from the valve seat 18. It has been shown that it is advantageous to make the first distance smaller than the second distance. The spray pattern 10 then has a particularly favorable for combustion form.

Die Ausnehmung 5 in dem Ventilkörper 4 weitet sich stromabwärts der Ablösekante 11 bis zu einer zweiten Kante 21, die einen dritten Abstand von dem Ventilsitz 18 hat. Eine solche Weitung der Ausnehmung 5 bewirkt, dass sich der Brennstoffstrom von der Ablösekante 11 ablöst und stromabwärts der Ablösekante 11 nicht der Kontur des Ventilkörpers 4 folgt. Dadurch ist das Sprühbild 10 stromabwärts der Ablösekante 11 unbeeinflusst von einer Ausgestaltung des Ventilkörpers 4.The recess 5 in the valve body 4 widens downstream of the detachment edge 11 up to a second edge 21, which has a third distance from the valve seat 18. Such a widening of the recess 5 causes the fuel flow to detach from the detachment edge 11 and not follow the contour of the valve body 4 downstream of the detachment edge 11. As a result, the spray pattern 10 downstream of the detachment edge 11 is uninfluenced by an embodiment of the valve body 4.

Durch Ausbilden des Ventilkörpers 4 derart, dass der dritte Abstand mindestens so groß ist wie der zweite Abstand, ist die erste Kante 20 von heißen Verbrennungsgasen und Verbrennungsrückständen abgeschirmt, sodass dort keine Ablagerungen oder Verkokungen entstehen können. Besonders günstig ist die abschirmende Wirkung des Ventilkörpers 4, wenn der dritte Abstand größer ist als der zweite Abstand. Als besonders günstig hat sich herausgestellt, wenn eine Differenz des dritten Abstands und des zweiten Abstands etwa zwischen 10 und 15 Mikrometern beträgt. Die abschirmende Wirkung ist dann hoch und der abströmseitige Bereich des Ventils hat eine strömungsgünstige Form, die das Bilden von Ablagerungen an dem Ventilkörper 4 erschwert.By forming the valve body 4 such that the third distance is at least as great as the second distance, the first edge 20 is shielded from hot combustion gases and combustion residues, so that no deposits or coking can arise there. Particularly favorable is the shielding effect of the valve body 4, when the third distance is greater than the second distance. It has proven to be particularly favorable if a difference of the third distance and the second distance is approximately between 10 and 15 micrometers. The shielding effect is then high and the downstream area of the valve has a streamlined shape, which makes it difficult to form deposits on the valve body 4.

Die Weitung der Ausnehmung 5 zwischen der Ablösekante 11 und der zweiten Kante 21 ist so ausgebildet, dass eine Gerade, die die Ablösekante 11 und die zweite Kante 21 berührt und die in der gleichen Ebene wie die Längsachse 13 der Ausnehmung 5 liegt, mit der Längsachse 13 der Ausnehmung 5 einen um einen Winkel β größeren Winkel bildet als der Einstellwinkel α des Innenkegels 12 des Ventilkörpers 4. Anders ausgedrückt ist der Winkel β zwischen einer Tangente der Wandung der Ausnehmung 5 in dem abströmseitigen Bereich an der Ablösekante 11 und der Geraden gebildet. Der Winkel β beträgt vorzugsweise zwischen 8 und 15 Grad. Der Winkel β ist dann groß genug, um sicherstellen zu können, dass der Brennstoffstrom stromabwärts der Ablösekante 11 nicht der Kontur des Ventilkörpers folgen kann und das Sprühbild 10 stromabwärts der Ablösekante 11 nicht durch die Ausgestaltung des Ventilkörpers 4 beeinflusst ist. Ferner ist der Winkel β klein genug, um die erste Kante 20 gut vor heißen Verbrennungsgasen abzuschirmen. Dadurch kann das Verkoken der Ventilnadel 6 an der ersten Kante 20 verhindert werden.The widening of the recess 5 between the detaching edge 11 and the second edge 21 is formed such that a straight line which contacts the detaching edge 11 and the second edge 21 and which lies in the same plane as the longitudinal axis 13 of the recess 5, with the longitudinal axis 13 of the recess 5 forms an angle β greater angle than the setting angle α of the inner cone 12 of the valve body 4. In other words, the angle β between a tangent of the wall of the recess 5 formed in the downstream region at the separation edge 11 and the straight line. The angle β is preferably between 8 and 15 degrees. The angle β is then large enough to be able to ensure that the fuel flow downstream of the separation edge 11 can not follow the contour of the valve body and the spray pattern 10 downstream of the separation edge 11 is not affected by the configuration of the valve body 4. Further, the angle β is small enough to shield the first edge 20 well from hot combustion gases. Thereby, the coking of the valve needle 6 at the first edge 20 can be prevented.

Vorteilhafterweise ist die Weitung der Ausnehmung 5 zwischen der Ablösekante 11 und der zweiten Kante 21 als eine Fase 22 ausgeführt (Figur 3), wobei der Fasenwinkel gleich dem Winkel β ist. Dies hat den Vorteil, dass eine solche Fase sehr einfach herstellbar ist. Die Weitung der Ausnehmung 5 zwischen der Ablösekante 11 und der zweiten Kante 21 kann ebenso anders ausgeführt sein, beispielsweise stufenförmig (Figur 4) oder verrundet, solange sichergestellt ist, dass sich der Brennstoffstrom an der Ablösekante 11 von dem Ventilkörper 4 ablöst und der Kontur des Ventilkörpers 4 stromabwärts der Ablösekante 11 nicht folgen kann.Advantageously, the widening of the recess 5 between the detaching edge 11 and the second edge 21 is designed as a chamfer 22 (FIG. 3), wherein the chamfer angle is equal to the angle β. This has the advantage that such a chamfer is very easy to produce. The widening of the recess 5 between the detaching edge 11 and the second edge 21 may also be designed differently, for example stepped (FIG. 4) or rounded, as long as it is ensured that the fuel flow at the detaching edge 11 is detached from the valve body 4 and the contour of the Valve body 4 downstream of the separation edge 11 can not follow.

Claims (5)

Ventil zum Einspritzen von Brennstoff, - das einen Ventilkörper (4) hat, - in dem eine Ausnehmung (5) ausgebildet ist, - die Ausnehmung (5) sich in einem abströmseitigen Bereich in einer Strömungsrichtung des Brennstoffs kegelförmig oder kugelförmig hin zu einer Ablösekante (11) weitet und - eine Wandung der Ausnehmung (5) in dem abströmseitigen Bereich einen Ventilsitz (18) bildet, und - das eine Ventilnadel (6) hat, die axial bewegbar in der Ausnehmung (5) angeordnet ist und die an einem abströmseitigen Ende einen Schließkörper hat, der sich in der Strömungsrichtung kegelförmig oder kugelförmig hin zu einer ersten Kante (20) weitet und der Schließkörper (14) in einer Schließposition auf dem Ventilsitz (18) aufsitzt und einen Brennstoffstrom unterbindet und diesen ansonsten freigibt, wobei - die Ablösekante (11) einen ersten Abstand zu dem Ventilsitz (18) aufweist, - die erste Kante (20) einen zweiten Abstand zu dem Ventilsitz (18) aufweist, - der erste Abstand kleiner ist als der zweite Abstand, - der Ventilkörper (4) sich stromabwärts der Ablösekante (11) bis zu einer zweiten Kante (21) erstreckt, die einen dritten Abstand zu dem Ventilsitz (18) aufweist, der mindestens so groß ist wie der zweite Abstand, und - die Ausnehmung (5) sich stromabwärts der Ablösekante (11) bis zu der zweiten Kante (21) so weitet, dass sich der Brennstoffstrom an der Ablösekante (11) von dem Ventilkörper (4) ablöst. Valve for injecting fuel, - Which has a valve body (4), - In which a recess (5) is formed, - The recess (5) in a downstream region in a flow direction of the fuel conical or spherical towards a detaching edge (11) expands and - A wall of the recess (5) in the downstream region forms a valve seat (18), and - Which has a valve needle (6) which is arranged axially movable in the recess (5) and which has at a downstream end a closing body which widens in the flow direction conically or spherically towards a first edge (20) and the closing body (14) in a closed position on the valve seat (18) and prevents a fuel flow and otherwise releases this, wherein - the detachment edge (11) has a first distance to the valve seat (18), - the first edge (20) has a second distance to the valve seat (18), the first distance is smaller than the second distance, - The valve body (4) extends downstream of the separation edge (11) to a second edge (21) having a third distance from the valve seat (18) which is at least as large as the second distance, and - The recess (5) downstream of the separation edge (11) to the second edge (21) expands so that the fuel flow at the separation edge (11) detaches from the valve body (4). Ventil nach Anspruch 1, bei dem eine Differenz des dritten Abstands und des ersten Abstands zwischen 0 und 15 Mikrometern beträgt.The valve of claim 1, wherein a difference of the third distance and the first distance is between 0 and 15 microns. Ventil nach Anspruch 2, bei dem die Differenz des dritten Abstands und des ersten Abstands zwischen 10 und 15 Mikrometern beträgt.A valve according to claim 2, wherein the difference of the third distance and the first distance is between 10 and 15 microns. Ventil nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, bei dem die Weitung der Ausnehmung (5) zwischen der Ablösekante (11) und der zweiten Kante (21) als Fase (22) ausgeführt ist.Valve according to one of the preceding claims, in which the widening of the recess (5) between the detaching edge (11) and the second edge (21) is designed as a chamfer (22). Ventil nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, bei dem ein Winkel (β) zwischen einer Tangente der Wandung der Ausnehmung (5) unmittelbar stromaufwärts der Ablösekante (11) und einer Geraden, die die Ablösekante (11) und die zweite Kante (21) berührt, zwischen 8 und 15 Grad beträgt.Valve according to one of the preceding claims, wherein an angle (β) between a tangent of the wall of the recess (5) immediately upstream of the detachment edge (11) and a straight line which touches the detachment edge (11) and the second edge (21), between 8 and 15 degrees.
EP20050109372 2004-11-04 2005-10-10 Valve for injecting fuel Ceased EP1655482B8 (en)

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EP1559906A3 (en) * 2004-01-28 2007-02-14 Robert Bosch Gmbh Fuel injection valve
WO2007134929A1 (en) 2006-05-23 2007-11-29 Robert Bosch Gmbh Device for regeneration, temperature loading and/or thermal management, associated injection valve and method
EP2003331A1 (en) * 2007-06-12 2008-12-17 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Valve assembly for an injection valve and injection valve
WO2010079012A1 (en) * 2009-01-09 2010-07-15 Robert Bosch Gmbh Injection valve and metering system for an exhaust gas treatment unit
EP2218905A1 (en) * 2009-02-17 2010-08-18 Continental Automotive GmbH Injector and method for injecting fluid
EP2246557A1 (en) * 2009-04-20 2010-11-03 Continental Automotive GmbH Injector for injecting fluid and method for manufacturing an injector

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Cited By (9)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1559906A3 (en) * 2004-01-28 2007-02-14 Robert Bosch Gmbh Fuel injection valve
WO2007134929A1 (en) 2006-05-23 2007-11-29 Robert Bosch Gmbh Device for regeneration, temperature loading and/or thermal management, associated injection valve and method
JP2009537742A (en) * 2006-05-23 2009-10-29 ローベルト ボツシユ ゲゼルシヤフト ミツト ベシユレンクテル ハフツング Apparatus, associated injection valve and method for regeneration and / or temperature loading and / or thermal management
CN101454546B (en) * 2006-05-23 2011-09-14 罗伯特·博世有限公司 Device for regeneration, temperature loading and/or thermal management, associated injection valve and method
US8371107B2 (en) 2006-05-23 2013-02-12 Robert Bosch Gmbh Device for regeneration, temperature loading, and/or thermal management, associated injection valve, and method
EP2003331A1 (en) * 2007-06-12 2008-12-17 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Valve assembly for an injection valve and injection valve
WO2010079012A1 (en) * 2009-01-09 2010-07-15 Robert Bosch Gmbh Injection valve and metering system for an exhaust gas treatment unit
EP2218905A1 (en) * 2009-02-17 2010-08-18 Continental Automotive GmbH Injector and method for injecting fluid
EP2246557A1 (en) * 2009-04-20 2010-11-03 Continental Automotive GmbH Injector for injecting fluid and method for manufacturing an injector

Also Published As

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EP1655482B8 (en) 2007-11-28
DE502005001661D1 (en) 2007-11-22
DE102004053351A1 (en) 2006-05-18
DE102004053351B4 (en) 2007-06-14

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