EP1187983A1 - Fuel injection valve for internal combustion engines - Google Patents

Fuel injection valve for internal combustion engines

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Publication number
EP1187983A1
EP1187983A1 EP00936813A EP00936813A EP1187983A1 EP 1187983 A1 EP1187983 A1 EP 1187983A1 EP 00936813 A EP00936813 A EP 00936813A EP 00936813 A EP00936813 A EP 00936813A EP 1187983 A1 EP1187983 A1 EP 1187983A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
valve
injection
fuel
fuel injection
valve body
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP00936813A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1187983B1 (en
Inventor
Steffen Hunkert
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Volkswagen AG
Original Assignee
Volkswagen AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Volkswagen AG filed Critical Volkswagen AG
Publication of EP1187983A1 publication Critical patent/EP1187983A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1187983B1 publication Critical patent/EP1187983B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
    • F02M61/16—Details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M61/02 - F02M61/14
    • F02M61/18—Injection nozzles, e.g. having valve seats; Details of valve member seated ends, not otherwise provided for
    • F02M61/1806—Injection nozzles, e.g. having valve seats; Details of valve member seated ends, not otherwise provided for characterised by the arrangement of discharge orifices, e.g. orientation or size
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
    • F02M61/16—Details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M61/02 - F02M61/14
    • F02M61/18—Injection nozzles, e.g. having valve seats; Details of valve member seated ends, not otherwise provided for
    • F02M61/1806—Injection nozzles, e.g. having valve seats; Details of valve member seated ends, not otherwise provided for characterised by the arrangement of discharge orifices, e.g. orientation or size
    • F02M61/1833—Discharge orifices having changing cross sections, e.g. being divergent

Definitions

  • the invention is based on a fuel injection valve for internal combustion engines according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • a piston-shaped valve member is arranged axially displaceably in a valve body and has a conical valve sealing surface at its end on the combustion chamber side. With this conical valve sealing surface, the valve member interacts with a conical valve seat surface arranged at a closed end of a bore in the valve body, a sealing cross section being formed on the line of contact between the valve sealing surface and the valve seat surface.
  • injection openings Downstream of this sealing cross-section, in the fuel flow direction, are injection openings which are arranged in the wall of the valve body and which, starting from the bore in the valve body, open on the outer surface of the valve body and protrude into the combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine to be supplied.
  • These injection openings are conical on the known fuel injection valve, the cross section of the injection openings decreasing conically from a relatively large diameter at the fuel inlet to a relatively small diameter at the fuel outlet.
  • the known fuel injection valve has the disadvantage that all injection openings have the same taper, so that it is not possible to individually adapt the fuel injection jet at each injection opening to the respective requirements of the individual injection jet within the combustion chamber.
  • This individual optimization of the individual jet geometries at each injection opening is of particular importance, especially when the fuel injection valve is installed off-center or at an angle in the combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine, since this is the only way to optimally match the fuel injection with regard to the jet geometry and jet preparation adapt in the combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine and thus an optimal Generate fuel processing and combustion.
  • Such a jet geometry optimization at each jet inlet is not possible with the known fuel injection valve.
  • the fuel injection valve according to the invention for internal combustion engines with the characterizing features of claim 1 has the advantage over the fact that an optimization of the injection jet geometry depending on the local requirements is possible at each injection opening.
  • the injection openings have different cone angles from one another, via which the respective fuel flow and thus the injected fuel jet can be shaped individually. It is possible to reduce the cross-section of the injection opening uniformly from a large diameter to a small diameter in the direction of flow of the fuel (positive conicity). However, it is alternatively also possible, with corresponding requirements, to increase the cross section of the injection opening (spray hole) evenly starting from the inlet opening in the direction of the combustion chamber-side outlet opening (negative taper).
  • At least two injection openings advantageously have different cone angles depending on the installation position of the fuel injection valve in the combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine to be supplied, the cone angles preferably being in a range between 10 to 90 °. It is also particularly advantageous if, with increasing deflection angle (which is preferably between 15 ° and in special installation cases up to 120 °), the inflowing fuel at the inlet into the injection opening also increases the cone angle, particularly in the case of positive conicity.
  • a plurality of injection openings can be provided on the fuel injection valve, wherein the differently designed injection openings can be arranged in a row over the circumference of the injection valve.
  • each individual injection opening with an individually optimized conicity, depending on the requirements for the flow of the fuel and the jet geometry at the outlet, whereby the cone angle of the corresponding injection opening can be positive or negative .
  • an optimized individual design of the cone angle at the individual injection openings an identical average fuel speed can be generated at each spray hole outlet despite different deflection angles of the inflowing fuel and an oblique installation position of the fuel injection valve in the combustion chamber.
  • the drawing shows three exemplary embodiments of the fuel injection valve according to the invention for internal combustion engines, which are explained in more detail in the following description.
  • FIG. 1 shows a first exemplary embodiment in a simplified partial section through the top of the fuel injection valve on the combustion chamber side, in which the injection openings have a negative cone angle
  • FIG. 2 shows a second exemplary embodiment in a section through the part of the valve body on the combustion chamber side, in which the adjacent injection openings face one another are offset and have different positive cone angles
  • FIG. 3 shows a third exemplary embodiment in which two rows of injection openings arranged axially one above the other are shown with different cone angles. Description of the embodiments
  • the first exemplary embodiment of the fuel injection valve according to the invention for internal combustion engines which is shown only in its essential area in FIG. 1, has a valve body 1, which projects with its lower end, shown, into a combustion chamber, not shown, of an internal combustion engine.
  • a valve member 3 is axially displaceably guided in a known manner, which has a conical valve sealing surface 5 at its lower, combustion chamber-side end, with which it cooperates with a valve seat surface 7 on the valve body 1.
  • This valve seat surface 7 is formed at a closed end of a bore 9 in the valve body 1 and also has a conical cross section, the cone angle of the valve seat surface 7 deviating slightly from the cone angle of the valve sealing surface 5 on the valve member 3.
  • a circumferential line contact is provided, which forms a sealing cross-section, which, when the valve member 3 is in contact with the valve seat surface 7, has an upstream space in the fuel flow of the bore 9 from a downstream blind hole 11 at the closed end of the Hole 9 separates.
  • a plurality of injection openings 13 are also provided in the valve body 1, which open out from the wall of the bore 9 to the outer circumferential surface of the valve body 1 and protrude into the combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine to be supplied in a manner not shown. These injection openings are to be conical in dependence on the requirements of the fuel flow and the injection jet to be sprayed, a negative conicity being shown in the first exemplary embodiment shown in FIG.
  • the cone angle is chosen such that the cross section of the injection opening continuously increases in the flow direction of the fuel from a relatively small inlet diameter on the wall of the bore 9 to a larger outlet diameter on the outer peripheral wall of the valve body 1.
  • At least two of the injection openings 13 should have different cone angles, which are dependent on the position of the respective injection opening in the valve body 1 and the arrangement of the entire fuel injection valve in the combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine to be supplied.
  • the second exemplary embodiment of the fuel injection valve according to the invention shown in FIG. 2 differs from the first exemplary embodiment shown in FIG. 1 in the arrangement and configuration of the injection openings 13 in the wall of the valve body 1.
  • the injection openings 13 now have a positive conicity, in which the Diameter d1 at the inlet into the injection opening 13 is larger than the diameter d2 at the outlet opening of the injection opening 13 into the combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine to be supplied.
  • two injection openings 13 are provided, which are arranged differently in the valve body 1 and which also have different cone angles.
  • the cone angle ⁇ is dependent on a deflection angle ⁇ of the inflowing fuel at the inlet into the injection opening 13.
  • the cone angle ⁇ at the injection openings 13 should preferably also increase with increasing deflection angle ⁇ .
  • the inlet edges 15 are rounded at the transition between the inner wall surface of the valve body 1 for entry into the injection opening 13. In this way, a uniform entry of the fuel inflow into the injection openings 13 can be achieved, which can then be shaped within the injection openings 13 in accordance with the desired spray pattern by forming the cone angle to form the desired injection spray pattern.
  • FIG. 3 shows a third exemplary embodiment of the fuel injection valve according to the invention for internal combustion engines, in which two rows of injection openings 13 arranged axially one above the other are now provided in valve body 1.
  • the injection openings 13 arranged in a rotating row each have the same deflection angle ⁇ and thus the same cone angle ⁇ .

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a fuel injection valve for internal combustion engines, comprising a valve member (3) that is axially displaceable in a valve body (1) and that has a valve sealing surface (5) at its combustion chamber-side end. The valve member interacts with a valve seat surface (7) located on the valve body (1) with said valve sealing surface, forming a tight cross section as it does so. The inventive fuel injection valve further comprises injection openings (13) in the wall of the valve body (1). These injection openings are positioned after the tight cross-section between the valve seat surface (7) and the valve tight surface (5), downstream in the direction of the flow of fuel, and have a conical form. At least two injection openings (13) of the fuel injection valve have different cone angles from each other.

Description

Kraftstoffeinspritzventil für Brennkraftmaschinen Fuel injection valve for internal combustion engines
Stand der TechnikState of the art
Die Erfindung geht von einem Kraftstoffeinspritzventil für Brennkraftmaschinen nach der Gattung des Patentanspruchs 1 aus. Bei einem derartigen aus der Schrift EP 0 352 926 bekannten Kraftstoffeinspritzventil ist ein kolbenförmiges Ventilglied axial verschiebbar in einem Ventilkörper angeordnet und weist an seinem brennraumseitigen Ende eine konische Ventildichtfläche auf. Mit dieser konischen Ventildichtfläche wirkt das Ventilglied mit einer an einem geschlossenen Ende einer Bohrung im Ventilkörper angeordneten konischen Ventilsitzfläche zusammen, wobei an der Berührungslinie zwischen Ventildichtfläche und Ventilsitzfläche ein Dichtquerschnitt gebildet wird. Diesem Dichtquerschnitt sind in Kraftstoffströmungsrichtung stromabwärts Einspritzöffnungen nachgeordnet, die in der Wand des Ventilkörpers angeordnet sind und die ausgehend von der Bohrung im Ventilkörper an dessen Außenmantelfläche münden und dabei in den Brennraum der zu versorgenden Brennkraftmaschine ragen. Dabei sind diese Einspritzöffnungen am bekannten Kraftstoffeinspritzventil konisch ausgebildet, wobei sich der Querschnitt der Einspritzöffnungen von einem relativ großen Durchmesser am Kraftstoffeintritt zu einem relativ kleinen Durchmesser am Kraftstoffaustritt gleichmäßig konisch verringert.The invention is based on a fuel injection valve for internal combustion engines according to the preamble of claim 1. In such a fuel injection valve known from document EP 0 352 926, a piston-shaped valve member is arranged axially displaceably in a valve body and has a conical valve sealing surface at its end on the combustion chamber side. With this conical valve sealing surface, the valve member interacts with a conical valve seat surface arranged at a closed end of a bore in the valve body, a sealing cross section being formed on the line of contact between the valve sealing surface and the valve seat surface. Downstream of this sealing cross-section, in the fuel flow direction, are injection openings which are arranged in the wall of the valve body and which, starting from the bore in the valve body, open on the outer surface of the valve body and protrude into the combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine to be supplied. These injection openings are conical on the known fuel injection valve, the cross section of the injection openings decreasing conically from a relatively large diameter at the fuel inlet to a relatively small diameter at the fuel outlet.
Dabei weist das bekannte Kraftstoffeinspritzventil jedoch den Nachteil auf, daß sämtliche Einspritzöffnungen die gleiche Konizität aufweisen, so daß es nicht möglich ist, den Kraftstoffeinspritzstrahl an jeder Einspritzöffnung separat auf die jeweiligen Erfordernisse an den einzelnen Einspritzstrahl innerhalb des Brennraumes individuell anzupassen. Dieser individuellen Optimierung der einzelnen Strahlgeometrien an jeder Einspritzöffnung kommt dabei insbesondere bei einer außermittigen oder schrägen Einbaulage des Kraftstoffeinspritzventils im Brennraum der Brennkraftmaschine jedoch eine wesentliche Bedeutung zu, da es erst damit möglich wird, die Kraftstoffeinspritzung hinsichtlich der Strahlgeometrie und der Strahlaufbereitung optimal an die jeweiligen Verhältnisse im Brennraum der Brennkraftmaschine anzupassen und so eine optimale Kraftstoffaufbereitung und Verbrennung zu erzeugen. Eine derartige Strahlgeometrie- Optimierung an jedem Strahleintritt ist jedoch mit dem bekannten Kraftstoffeinspritzventil nicht möglich.However, the known fuel injection valve has the disadvantage that all injection openings have the same taper, so that it is not possible to individually adapt the fuel injection jet at each injection opening to the respective requirements of the individual injection jet within the combustion chamber. This individual optimization of the individual jet geometries at each injection opening is of particular importance, especially when the fuel injection valve is installed off-center or at an angle in the combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine, since this is the only way to optimally match the fuel injection with regard to the jet geometry and jet preparation adapt in the combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine and thus an optimal Generate fuel processing and combustion. Such a jet geometry optimization at each jet inlet is not possible with the known fuel injection valve.
Vorteile der ErfindungAdvantages of the invention
Das erfindungsgemäße Kraftstoffeinspritzventil für Brennkraftmaschinen mit den kennzeichnenden Merkmalen des Patentanspruchs 1 weist demgegenüber den Vorteil auf, daß an jeder Einspritzöffnung eine Optimierung der Einspritzstrahlgeometrie in Abhängigkeit von den lokalen Erfordernissen möglich ist. Dazu weisen die Einspritzöffnungen zueinander unterschiedliche Konuswinkel auf, über die sich die jeweilige Kraftstoffströmung und somit der eingespritzte Kraftstoff strahl individuell formen läßt. Dabei ist es möglich, den Querschnitt der Einspritzöffnung ausgehend von einem großen Durchmesser auf einen kleinen Durchmesser in Strömungsrichtung des Kraftstoffes gleichmäßig zu verringern (positive Konizität). Es ist jedoch alternativ auch möglich bei entsprechenden Anforderungen, den Querschnitt der Einspritzöffnung (Spritzloch) ausgehend von der Eintrittsöffnung in Richtung brennraumseitiger Austrittsöffnung gleichmäßig zu vergrößern (negative Konizität). Dabei weisen in vorteilhafter Weise wenigstens zwei Einspritzöffnungen in Abhängigkeit von der Einbaulage des Kraftstoffeinspritzventils im Brennraum der zu versorgenden Brennkraftmaschine, zueinander unterschiedliche Konuswinkel auf, wobei die Konuswinkel vorzugsweise in einem Bereich zwischen 10 bis 90 ° liegen. Besonders vorteilhaft ist es zudem, wenn mit zunehmendem Umlenkwinkel (der vorzugsweise zwischen 15° bis in Einbausonderfällen bis 120 ° liegt), des zuströmenden Kraftstoffes am Eintritt in die Einspritzöffnung auch der Konuswinkel insbesondere bei positiver Konizität, zunimmt. Dabei können am Kraftstoffeinspritzventil eine Vielzahl von Einspritzöffnungen vorgesehen sein, wobei die verschieden ausgebildeten Einspritzöffnungen in einer Reihe über den Umfang des Einspritzventils angeordnet sein können. Es ist alternativ jedoch auch möglich eine Vielzahl von axial übereinander angeordneten Reihen von Einspritzöffnungen am Kraftstoffeinspritzventil vorzusehen, die zudem über eine entsprechende Ansteuerung des axial beweglichen Ventilgliedes nacheinander aufsteuerbar sein können. Des weiteren ist es für die Kraftstoffeinströmung in die Einspritzöffnung besonders vorteilhaft, wenn die Einlaufkanten an der Einspritzöffnung mit einem Radius abgerundet sind. Auf diese Weise lassen sich bereits hier Verwirbelungen und somit das Entstehen von Unterdruckgebieten vermeiden, so daß die Kraftstoffeinströmung in die Einspritzöffnung gleichmäßig erfolgen kann. Dies unterstützt auch eine Formung der Kraftstoffströmung innerhalb der Einspritzöffnung in die am Austritt der Einspritzöffnung gewünschte Strahlgeometrie des eingespritzten Kraftstoffstrahles.The fuel injection valve according to the invention for internal combustion engines with the characterizing features of claim 1 has the advantage over the fact that an optimization of the injection jet geometry depending on the local requirements is possible at each injection opening. For this purpose, the injection openings have different cone angles from one another, via which the respective fuel flow and thus the injected fuel jet can be shaped individually. It is possible to reduce the cross-section of the injection opening uniformly from a large diameter to a small diameter in the direction of flow of the fuel (positive conicity). However, it is alternatively also possible, with corresponding requirements, to increase the cross section of the injection opening (spray hole) evenly starting from the inlet opening in the direction of the combustion chamber-side outlet opening (negative taper). In this case, at least two injection openings advantageously have different cone angles depending on the installation position of the fuel injection valve in the combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine to be supplied, the cone angles preferably being in a range between 10 to 90 °. It is also particularly advantageous if, with increasing deflection angle (which is preferably between 15 ° and in special installation cases up to 120 °), the inflowing fuel at the inlet into the injection opening also increases the cone angle, particularly in the case of positive conicity. In this case, a plurality of injection openings can be provided on the fuel injection valve, wherein the differently designed injection openings can be arranged in a row over the circumference of the injection valve. As an alternative, however, it is also possible to provide a plurality of rows of injection openings arranged axially one above the other on the fuel injection valve, which rows can also be activated one after the other by appropriate actuation of the axially movable valve member. Furthermore, it is particularly advantageous for the fuel inflow into the injection opening if the inlet edges at the injection opening are rounded off with a radius. This way you can already Avoid turbulence and thus the formation of negative pressure areas so that the fuel can flow into the injection opening evenly. This also supports the shaping of the fuel flow within the injection opening into the jet geometry of the injected fuel jet desired at the outlet of the injection opening.
Es ist somit mit dem erfindungsgemäßen Kraftstoffeinspritzventil für Brennkraftmaschinen in vorteilhafter Weise möglich, jede einzelne Einspritzöffnung je nach Erfordernis an die Strömung des Kraftstoffes und die Strahlgeometrie am Austritt mit einer individuellen optimierten Konizität zu versehen, wobei der Konuswinkel der entsprechenden Einspritzöffnung dabei positiv oder negativ sein kann. Durch eine optimierte individuelle Ausbildung des Konuswinkels an den einzelnen Einspritzöffnungen kann damit trotz unterschiedlicher Umlenkwinkel des einströmenden Kraftstoffes und einer schrägen Einbaulage des Kraftstoffeinspritzventils im Brennraum eine gleiche mittlere Kraftstoffgeschwindigkeit an jedem Spritzlochaustritt erzeugt werden.It is thus advantageously possible with the fuel injection valve according to the invention for internal combustion engines to provide each individual injection opening with an individually optimized conicity, depending on the requirements for the flow of the fuel and the jet geometry at the outlet, whereby the cone angle of the corresponding injection opening can be positive or negative . Through an optimized individual design of the cone angle at the individual injection openings, an identical average fuel speed can be generated at each spray hole outlet despite different deflection angles of the inflowing fuel and an oblique installation position of the fuel injection valve in the combustion chamber.
Weitere Vorteile und vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen des Gegenstandes der Erfindung sind der Beschreibung, der Zeichnung und den Patentansprüchen entnehmbar.Further advantages and advantageous configurations of the subject matter of the invention can be gathered from the description, the drawing and the patent claims.
Zeichnungdrawing
In der Zeichnung sind drei Ausführungsbeispiele des erfindungsgemäßen Kraftstoffeinspritzventils für Brennkraftmaschinen dargestellt, die in der nachfolgenden Beschreibung näher erläutert sind.The drawing shows three exemplary embodiments of the fuel injection valve according to the invention for internal combustion engines, which are explained in more detail in the following description.
Es zeigen die Figur 1 ein erstes Ausführungsbeispiel in einem vereinfachten Teilschnitt durch die brennraumseitige Kuppe des Kraftstoffeinspritzventils, bei dem die Einspritzöffnungen einen negativen Konuswinkel aufweisen, die Figur 2 ein zweites Ausführungsbeispiel in einem Schnitt durch den brennraumseitigen Teil des Ventilkörpers, bei dem die nebeneinanderliegenden Einspritzöffnungen zueinander versetzt sind und unterschiedliche positive Konuswinkel aufweisen und die Figur 3 ein drittes Ausführungsbeispiel, bei dem zwei axial übereinander angeordnete Reihen von Einspritzöffnungen mit unterschiedlichen Konuswinkeln dargestellt sind. Beschreibung der AusführungsbeispieleFIG. 1 shows a first exemplary embodiment in a simplified partial section through the top of the fuel injection valve on the combustion chamber side, in which the injection openings have a negative cone angle, FIG. 2 shows a second exemplary embodiment in a section through the part of the valve body on the combustion chamber side, in which the adjacent injection openings face one another are offset and have different positive cone angles and FIG. 3 shows a third exemplary embodiment in which two rows of injection openings arranged axially one above the other are shown with different cone angles. Description of the embodiments
Das in der Figur 1 nur in seinem erfindungswesentlichen Bereich dargestellte erste Ausführungsbeispiel des erfindungsgemäßen Kraftstoffeinspritzventils für Brennkraftmaschinen weist einen Ventilkörper 1 auf, der mit seinem unteren, dargestellten Ende in einen nicht näher gezeigten Brennraum einer Brennkraftmaschine ragt. In diesem Ventilkörper 1 ist in bekannter Weise ein Ventilglied 3 axial verschiebbar geführt, das an seinem dargestellten unteren, brennraumseitigen Ende eine konische Ventildichtfläche 5 aufweist, mit der es mit einer Ventilsitzfläche 7 am Ventilkörper 1 zusammenwirkt. Diese Ventilsitzfläche 7 ist dabei an einem geschlossenen Ende einer Bohrung 9 im Ventilkörper 1 gebildet und weist ebenfalls einen konischen Querschnitt auf, wobei der Konuswinkel der Ventilsitzfläche 7 geringfügig von dem Konuswinkel der Ventildichtfläche 5 am Ventilglied 3 abweicht. Dabei ist aufgrund der unterschiedlichen Konuswinkel zwischen Ventilsitzfläche 7 und Ventildichtfläche 5 eine umlaufende Linienberührung vorgesehen, die einen Dichtquerschnitt bildet, der bei an der Ventilsitzfläche 7 anliegendem Ventilglied 3 einen in Kraftstoffströmung stromaufwärts liegenden Raum der Bohrung 9 von einem stromabwärts liegenden Sackloch 11 am geschlossenen Ende der Bohrung 9 trennt. Im Ventilkörper 1 sind des weiteren eine Vielzahl von Einspritzöffnungen 13 vorgesehen, die ausgehend von der Wand der Bohrung 9 an die Außenumfangsfläche des Ventilkörpers 1 münden und dabei in nicht näher dargestellter Weise in den Brennraum der zu versorgenden Brennkraftmaschine ragen. Diese Einspritzöffnungen sollen dabei in Abhängigkeit von den Erfordernissen an die Kraftstoffströmung und den abzuspritzenden Einspritzstrahl konisch ausgebildet sein, wobei bei dem in der Figur 1 dargestellten ersten Ausführungsbeispiel eine negative Konizität dargestellt ist, bei der der Konuswinkel derart gewählt ist, daß sich der Querschnitt der Einspritzöffnung in Strömungsrichtung des Kraftstoffes von einem relativ kleinen Eintrittsdurchmesser an der Wand der Bohrung 9 stetig in einen größeren Austrittsdurchmesser an der Außenumfangswand des Ventilkörpers 1 vergrößert. Dabei sollen wenigstens zwei der Einspritzöffnungen 13 zueinander unterschiedliche Konuswinkel aufweisen, die von der Lage der jeweiligen Einspritzöffnung im Ventilkörper 1 und der Anordnung des gesamten Kraftstoffeinspritzventils im Brennraum der zu versorgenden Brennkraftmaschine abhängig sind. Das in der Figur 2 dargestellte zweite Ausführungsbeispiel des erfindungsgemäßen Kraftstoffeinspritzventils unterscheidet sich zum in der Figur 1 dargestellten ersten Ausführungsbeispiel in der Anordnung und Ausgestaltung der Einspritzöffnungen 13 in der Wand des Ventilkörpers 1. Dabei weisen die Einspritzöffnungen 13 nunmehr eine positive Konizität auf, bei der der Durchmesser d1 am Eintritt in die Einspritzöffnung 13 größer ausgebildet ist als der Durchmesser d2 an der Austrittsöffnung der Einspritzöffnung 13 in den Brennraum der zu versorgenden Brennkraftmaschine. Beim zweiten Ausführungsbeispiel sind zwei Einspritzöffnungen 13 vorgesehen, die unterschiedlich im Ventilkörper 1 angeordnet sind und die zudem unterschiedliche Konuswinkel aufweisen. Dabei ist der Konuswinkel α von einem Umlenkwinkel ß des einströmenden Kraftstoffes am Eintritt in die Einspritzöffnung 13 abhängig. Der Konuswinkel α an den Einspritzöffnungen 13 soll dabei vorzugsweise mit steigendem Umlenkwinkel ß ebenfalls zunehmen. Des weiteren sind die Einiaufkanten 15 am Übergang zwischen der Innenwandfläche des Ventilkörpers 1 zum Eintritt in die Einspritzöffnung 13 gerundet ausgebildet. Auf diese Weise kann ein gleichmäßiges Eintreten der Kraftstoffzuströmung in die Einspritzöffnungen 13 erreicht werden, die dann innerhalb der Einspritzöffnungen 13 entsprechend des gewünschten Strahlbildes über die Ausbildung des Konuswinkels zu dem gewünschten Einspritzstrahlbild geformt werden kann.The first exemplary embodiment of the fuel injection valve according to the invention for internal combustion engines, which is shown only in its essential area in FIG. 1, has a valve body 1, which projects with its lower end, shown, into a combustion chamber, not shown, of an internal combustion engine. In this valve body 1, a valve member 3 is axially displaceably guided in a known manner, which has a conical valve sealing surface 5 at its lower, combustion chamber-side end, with which it cooperates with a valve seat surface 7 on the valve body 1. This valve seat surface 7 is formed at a closed end of a bore 9 in the valve body 1 and also has a conical cross section, the cone angle of the valve seat surface 7 deviating slightly from the cone angle of the valve sealing surface 5 on the valve member 3. Due to the different cone angles between the valve seat surface 7 and the valve sealing surface 5, a circumferential line contact is provided, which forms a sealing cross-section, which, when the valve member 3 is in contact with the valve seat surface 7, has an upstream space in the fuel flow of the bore 9 from a downstream blind hole 11 at the closed end of the Hole 9 separates. A plurality of injection openings 13 are also provided in the valve body 1, which open out from the wall of the bore 9 to the outer circumferential surface of the valve body 1 and protrude into the combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine to be supplied in a manner not shown. These injection openings are to be conical in dependence on the requirements of the fuel flow and the injection jet to be sprayed, a negative conicity being shown in the first exemplary embodiment shown in FIG. 1, in which the cone angle is chosen such that the cross section of the injection opening continuously increases in the flow direction of the fuel from a relatively small inlet diameter on the wall of the bore 9 to a larger outlet diameter on the outer peripheral wall of the valve body 1. At least two of the injection openings 13 should have different cone angles, which are dependent on the position of the respective injection opening in the valve body 1 and the arrangement of the entire fuel injection valve in the combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine to be supplied. The second exemplary embodiment of the fuel injection valve according to the invention shown in FIG. 2 differs from the first exemplary embodiment shown in FIG. 1 in the arrangement and configuration of the injection openings 13 in the wall of the valve body 1. The injection openings 13 now have a positive conicity, in which the Diameter d1 at the inlet into the injection opening 13 is larger than the diameter d2 at the outlet opening of the injection opening 13 into the combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine to be supplied. In the second exemplary embodiment, two injection openings 13 are provided, which are arranged differently in the valve body 1 and which also have different cone angles. The cone angle α is dependent on a deflection angle β of the inflowing fuel at the inlet into the injection opening 13. The cone angle α at the injection openings 13 should preferably also increase with increasing deflection angle β. Furthermore, the inlet edges 15 are rounded at the transition between the inner wall surface of the valve body 1 for entry into the injection opening 13. In this way, a uniform entry of the fuel inflow into the injection openings 13 can be achieved, which can then be shaped within the injection openings 13 in accordance with the desired spray pattern by forming the cone angle to form the desired injection spray pattern.
Die Figur 3 zeigt ein drittes Ausführungsbeispiel des erfindungsgemäßen Kraftstoffeinspritzventils für Brennkraftmaschinen, bei dem im Ventilkörper 1 nunmehr zwei Reihen von axial übereiander angeordneten Einspritzöffnungen 13 vorgesehen sind. Dabei weisen die in einer umlaufenden Reihe angeordneten Einspritzöffnungen 13 jeweils den gleichen Umlenkwinkel ß und somit den gleichen Konuswinkel α auf.FIG. 3 shows a third exemplary embodiment of the fuel injection valve according to the invention for internal combustion engines, in which two rows of injection openings 13 arranged axially one above the other are now provided in valve body 1. The injection openings 13 arranged in a rotating row each have the same deflection angle β and thus the same cone angle α.
Über die gezeigten drei Ausführungsbeispiele hinaus sind alternativ auch sämtliche Kombinationen von konischen Spritzlöchern untereinander möglich, wobei die einzelne Spritzlochgeometrie je nach Anforderungen an die Kraftstoffströmung und die Strahlgeometrie am Einspritzaustritt individuell optimierbar ist. In addition to the three exemplary embodiments shown, all combinations of conical spray holes with one another are alternatively possible, the individual spray hole geometry being able to be individually optimized depending on the requirements for the fuel flow and the spray geometry at the injection outlet.

Claims

PAT E N TA N S P R Ü C H E PAT EN TA NSPRÜ CHE
1. Kraftstoffeinspritzventil für Brennkraftmaschinen mit einem in einem Ventükörper (1 ) axial verschiebbaren Ventilglied (3), das an seinem brennraumseitigen Ende eine Ventildichtfläche (5) aufweist, mit der es mit einer am Ventilkörper (1) angeordneten Ventilsitzfläche (7) unter Bildung eines Dichtquerschnittes zusammenwirkt und mit Einspritzöffnungen (13) in der Wand des Ventilkörpers (1), die in Richtung der Kraftstoffströmung stromabwärts nach dem Dichtquerschnitt zwischen Ventilsitzfläche (7) und Ventildichtfläche (5) angeordnet sind und die eine konische Form aufweisen, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß wenigstens zwei Einspritzöffnungen (13) des Kraftstoffeinspritzventils zueinander unterschiedliche Konuswinkel aufweisen.1.Fuel injection valve for internal combustion engines with a valve member (3) which is axially displaceable in a valve body (1) and has a valve sealing surface (5) at its combustion chamber end, with which it is arranged with a valve seat surface (7) arranged on the valve body (1), forming a Sealing cross-section cooperates and with injection openings (13) in the wall of the valve body (1), which are arranged downstream in the direction of the fuel flow after the sealing cross-section between the valve seat surface (7) and valve sealing surface (5) and which have a conical shape, characterized in that at least two injection openings (13) of the fuel injection valve have different cone angles.
2. Kraftstoffeinspritzventil nach Anspruch 1 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß ein Eintrittsdurchmesser (d1) der Einspritzöffnungen (13) an der Innenwandfläche des Ventilkörpers (1) einen kleineren Durchmesser aufweist, als ein Austrittsdurchmesser (d2) an der in den Brennraum der Brennkraftmaschine ragenden Außenwandfläche des Ventilkörpers (1).2. Fuel injection valve according to claim 1, characterized in that an inlet diameter (d1) of the injection openings (13) on the inner wall surface of the valve body (1) has a smaller diameter than an outlet diameter (d2) on the outer wall surface projecting into the combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine Valve body (1).
3. Kraftstoffeinspritzventil nach Anspruch 1 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß ein Eintrittsdurchmesser (d1) der Einspritzöffnungen (13) an der Innenwandfläche des Ventilkörpers (1) einen größeren Durchmesser aufweist, als ein Austrittsdurchmesser (d2) an der in den Brennraum der Brennkraftmaschine ragenden Außenwandfläche des Ventilkörpers (1 ).3. Fuel injection valve according to claim 1, characterized in that an inlet diameter (d1) of the injection openings (13) on the inner wall surface of the valve body (1) has a larger diameter than an outlet diameter (d2) on the outer wall surface projecting into the combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine Valve body (1).
4. Kraftstoffeinspritzventil nach Anspruch 1 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß eine Vielzahl von axial übereinander angeordneten Einspritzöffnungen (13) vorgesehen sind. 4. Fuel injection valve according to claim 1, characterized in that a plurality of axially superposed injection openings (13) are provided.
5. Kraftstoffeinspritzventil nach Anspruch 1 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Konuswinkel (α) der Einspritzöffnungen (13) jeweils von deren Umlenkwinkel (ß) der einströmenden Kraftstoffmenge am Eintritt in die Einspritzöffnungen (13) abhängig ist, wobei die Einspritzöffnungen (13) mit gleichem Umlenkwinkel (ß) jeweils einen gleichen Konuswinkel (α) aufweisen.5. Fuel injection valve according to claim 1, characterized in that the cone angle (α) of the injection openings (13) is dependent in each case on their deflection angle (β) of the inflowing fuel quantity at the inlet into the injection openings (13), the injection openings (13) having the same Deflection angle (ß) each have the same cone angle (α).
6. Kraftstoffeinspritzventil nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Konuswinkel (α) an den Einspritzöffnungen (13) mit steigendem Umlenkwinkel (ß) des einströmenden Kraftstoffstromes zunimmt.6. Fuel injection valve according to claim 5, characterized in that the cone angle (α) at the injection openings (13) increases with increasing deflection angle (β) of the inflowing fuel flow.
7. Kraftstoffeinspritzventil nach Anspruch 1 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß eine Einlaufkante (15) am Übergang zwischen der Innenwandfläche des Ventilkörpers (1) zur Einspritzöffnung (13) abgerundet ausgebildet ist. 7. Fuel injection valve according to claim 1, characterized in that an inlet edge (15) is rounded at the transition between the inner wall surface of the valve body (1) to the injection opening (13).
EP00936813A 1999-06-02 2000-05-26 Fuel injection valve for internal combustion engines Expired - Lifetime EP1187983B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

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DE19925380 1999-06-02
DE19925380A DE19925380A1 (en) 1999-06-02 1999-06-02 Fuel injection valve for internal combustion engines
PCT/EP2000/004813 WO2000075504A1 (en) 1999-06-02 2000-05-26 Fuel injection valve for internal combustion engines

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EP1187983B1 EP1187983B1 (en) 2005-08-10

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DE19925380A1 (en) 2000-12-07
DE50010930D1 (en) 2005-09-15
US6520145B2 (en) 2003-02-18
EP1187983B1 (en) 2005-08-10
US20020043574A1 (en) 2002-04-18
WO2000075504A1 (en) 2000-12-14

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