EP1654787A1 - Brush block for transmitting currents - Google Patents

Brush block for transmitting currents

Info

Publication number
EP1654787A1
EP1654787A1 EP04763871A EP04763871A EP1654787A1 EP 1654787 A1 EP1654787 A1 EP 1654787A1 EP 04763871 A EP04763871 A EP 04763871A EP 04763871 A EP04763871 A EP 04763871A EP 1654787 A1 EP1654787 A1 EP 1654787A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
vdse
brush block
brush
slip ring
block according
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP04763871A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1654787B1 (en
EP1654787B8 (en
Inventor
Olaf BÜLTER
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Walter Kraus GmbH
Original Assignee
Walter Kraus GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Walter Kraus GmbH filed Critical Walter Kraus GmbH
Publication of EP1654787A1 publication Critical patent/EP1654787A1/en
Publication of EP1654787B1 publication Critical patent/EP1654787B1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1654787B8 publication Critical patent/EP1654787B8/en
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R39/00—Rotary current collectors, distributors or interrupters
    • H01R39/02—Details for dynamo electric machines
    • H01R39/18—Contacts for co-operation with commutator or slip-ring, e.g. contact brush
    • H01R39/24—Laminated contacts; Wire contacts, e.g. metallic brush, carbon fibres
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R39/00—Rotary current collectors, distributors or interrupters
    • H01R39/02—Details for dynamo electric machines
    • H01R39/38—Brush holders

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a brush block
  • the sliding contacts insofar as they consist of multi-wire grinders, have so far mostly been placed almost vertically on the slip ring, which causes a strong matting of the multi-wire grinders, a relatively small contact area and thus a high contact resistance.
  • the object of the present invention is to show an improved device for transmitting currents.
  • the claimed device for the transmission of currents essentially consists of at least one brush block, which has a plurality of multi-wire grinding elements
  • VDSE VDSE
  • VDSE VDSE
  • VDSE VDSE
  • the use of such A large number of VDSE has the advantage that the current to be transmitted is distributed over a large number of contacts connected in parallel.
  • the power to be transmitted per VDSE is greatly reduced, which results in much less wear due to heating and, above all, enables power currents with currents of 40A or more to be transmitted.
  • individual VDSEs lose contact due to wear, there is still sufficient contact to ensure adequate transmission of the current. This extends the life of the device and reduces the risk of failure.
  • the individual brush block preferably consists of one
  • VDSE carriers in conjunction with a variety of VDSE.
  • the VDSE carrier preferably has a multiplicity of regularly arranged step incisions on the inside facing the slip ring and essentially bent concentrically to the slip ring.
  • Step incisions are designed in such a way that one or more VDSE can be attached to each of the step sides oriented approximately tangentially to the slip ring.
  • several VDSE are applied transversely to the direction of rotation of the slip ring, either directly adjoining one another or slightly spaced apart, on one step and form a VDSE layer with one another.
  • VDSE layers of two or more adjacent step cuts overlap each other in the sense of one
  • the free ends of the VDSE thus arranged preferably describe an envelope curve, that is to say they approach a circular path whose radius is somewhat smaller than the radius of the slip ring to be applied. This ensures that the VDSE with the multi-wire grinders can be applied essentially tangentially and resiliently to the slip ring and that the packing density of the Sliding contacts is very high.
  • the VDSE are preferably structured in the step incisions in such a way that the individual layers are offset from one another.
  • the layers are offset such that the multi-wire grinders of one VDSE layer are in gap with the multi-wire grinders of the next VDSE layer. Two or more different arrangement positions can be formed here.
  • the multi-wire grinders of two or more congruent, i.e. not adjacent, VDSE layers form a grinding track on the circumference of the slip ring.
  • the VDSE layers are transverse to the direction of rotation of the
  • Slip ring preferably arranged one below the other so that the grinding tracks of the respective offset VDSE layers connect as close as possible to one another and together form a wide total track.
  • This arrangement of the VDSE on the VDSE carrier ensures that when the brush head is in contact, the contact area between the VDSE and the slip ring is significantly enlarged and is uniform in the circumferential direction, which causes uniform wear of the slip ring without grooves and a substantial increase in the contact area , This lowers the contact resistance, which in turn reduces wear and increases the service life.
  • Each VDSE preferably consists of a flexible carrier sheet, at one end of which a multi-wire grinder is arranged.
  • This multi-wire grinder consists of a large number of small wires, which are combined in one or more layers and brush-like. This ensures that the current to be transmitted in each VDSE is in turn distributed over many individual contact wires is.
  • Each individual wire can adapt flexibly to any small bumps in the slip ring, which covers a maximum contact area.
  • the multi-wire grinders are preferably bent outwards at their free end in order to improve their stability and their guidance on the grinder. Furthermore, the bending means that the multi-wire grinders are not compressed or bent if the slip ring is turned in the opposite direction.
  • the multi-wire grinders of the touching VDSE do not come into direct contact, even if the slip ring penetrates the brush area unexpectedly, whereby individual VDSE could be pressed against each other, so that the VDSE cannot get caught.
  • Multi-wire grinders of the next VDSE layer can fall off to the outside due to the offset position of the individual VDSE layers.
  • Each brush block can either cover only a part of the slip ring or even the entire slip ring and accordingly have an entire inner circle or circular arc section, on which step incisions with VDSE connected thereto are arranged.
  • VDSE carrier and slip ring are interchanged.
  • the VDSE carrier is essentially round with step cuts of the type shown on the outer circumference. Accordingly, the VDSE connected to the VDSE carrier approach an outer circle with a slightly larger radius than the inner radius of the slip ring now on the outside.
  • the slip ring consists of two or more segments which are insulated from one another and which are supplied with different currents via a plurality of differently polarized brush blocks. This ensures that several currents can be transmitted in a space-saving manner on just one slip ring circumference, for example, for regular polarity reversals to evoke.
  • the brush blocks are not placed on the circumference of a slip ring, but on the end face thereof.
  • the slip ring carrier can be plate-shaped instead of cylindrical.
  • the structure of the brush head accordingly has several VDSE layers arranged in a circular arc, which have circular grinding marks on the
  • FIG. 1 a dimetric view of a multi-wire grinding element
  • FIG. 2 a side view of a VDSE carrier
  • FIG. 3 a side view of a brush block
  • FIG. 4 a front view of a brush block
  • Figure 5 a current transformer in side view with three brush blocks in connection with a slip ring and
  • Figure 6 a variant of a VDSE carrier in side view.
  • the brush block ( ⁇ ) is used to transmit power currents to a slip ring (7) which is mounted on the circumference on a cylindrical support (8) rotating about the axis (13).
  • the kinematic assignment can also be reversed.
  • the single or multiple brush block (6) and one or more slip rings (7) arranged in parallel form a current transformer (14).
  • Figure 5 shows schematically a current transformer (14) with connections (15) for power current, which are connected to the brush blocks (6).
  • the slip ring (s) (7) have corresponding power connections.
  • the brush block (6) consists of a number of electrically connected multi-wire grinding elements (3) (hereinafter referred to as VDSE), which are connected to a VDSE Carriers (4) are arranged and fastened evenly distributed in the grinding direction (9).
  • VDSE (3) are arranged one behind the other in an arc in the grinding direction (9) or in the circumferential direction of the slip ring (7).
  • the ends of the VDSE (3) in this arrangement jointly form a shell-shaped envelope curve concentric to the axis of rotation (13) of the slip ring (7) and a grinding mat (10) which is adapted to the slip ring contour. This results in a large number of contact points for power transmission.
  • each multi-wire grinding element (3) consists of an electrically conductive, rigid or flexible carrier sheet (1), which is mounted at one end to the VDSE carrier (4) at a suitable fastening point (11) and at the other End of a multi-wire grinder (2) is attached.
  • the multi-wire grinder (2) consists of a large number of flexible, thin grinding wires, which are arranged next to one another and possibly one above the other in a preferably single- or multi-layer brush-like arrangement.
  • the grinding wires are preferably bent or angled outwards at their free end.
  • the VDSE carrier (4) has an inner wall (12) which is curved concentrically to the axis (13) and on which several step incisions (5) are arranged in the embodiment of FIG.
  • the step incisions (5) each have a step side (5 ') which points towards the center (13) and is approximately tangential to the slip ring (7) and a step side (5'') which is transverse and preferably perpendicular to this.
  • a plurality of VDSE (3) are preferably attached next to one another with fastening points (11).
  • the tangentially aligned step sides (5 ') are spaced apart from one another by the step sides (5'') perpendicular thereto.
  • the step incisions (5) follow the slip ring curvature and together form a curved stair contour.
  • the VDSE (3) are aligned essentially straight, lie flat with their carrier blades (1) on the step side (5 ') and are aligned tangentially to the slip ring (7).
  • the VDSE (3) of each stage form a VDSE layer (A, B), the layers of several neighboring stages overlapping like a scale.
  • the layers (A, B) alternate regularly.
  • the orientation of the tangential step side (5 ") is such that the free ends of the individual VDSE layers (A, B) describe said envelope curve (10).
  • the radius of this envelope curve (10) is preferably somewhat smaller than the radius of the one that can be applied.
  • the elastic multi-wire grinders (2) of the VDSE layers preferably lie tangentially on the circumference or jacket of the slip ring (7) with slight pressure.
  • VDSE layers are preferably offset from one another and have a different number of VDSE (3).
  • position (A) e.g. three VDSE (3) arranged side by side.
  • the location (B) has two VDSE (3).
  • Layers (A, B) are such that the multi-wire grinders (2) of one layer (A) are exactly at a gap to the multi-wire grinders (2) of an adjacent layer (B).
  • the multi-wire grinders (2) of a layer (A, B) form a common two- or three-part grinding track on the circumference of a slip ring (7) to be applied.
  • the layers (A, B) are offset in such a way that the different grinding tracks of the layers (A, B) together result in a continuous, wide total grinding track.
  • the VDSE (3) are connected to the VDSE carrier in the area of the step incisions (5) at the points (11), preferably by welding or riveting.
  • the carrier sheets (1) are each attached to the tangential step sides (5 ').
  • a plurality of brush heads (6) are preferably arranged distributed over the circumference of the slip ring (7). Furthermore, several brush heads (6) can be arranged side by side in order to create additional or wider grinding marks.
  • FIG. 6 shows a variant of the VDSE carrier (4) and the design and attachment of the individual multi-wire grinding elements VDSE (3).
  • the carrier ' (4) in this embodiment has an essentially smooth inner wall (12) which is curved concentrically to the axis (13) without the step incisions present in the previous exemplary embodiment.
  • the VDSE (3) have on their support blades (1) bent end parts or
  • Foot flaps (16) which abut the inner wall (12) in some areas and are connected to the fastening points (11) in a suitable manner by welding, soldering, riveting, screwing or the like.
  • the number and arrangement of the brush blocks (6) can vary.
  • the number, distribution and arrangement of the VDSE (3) within the brush blocks (6) can be modified.
  • a disk-shaped design of the slip ring (1) with correspondingly curved brush blocks (6) and VDSE (3) arranged one behind the other in the arc is also possible.
  • VDSE multi-wire grinding element
  • VDSE carrier 5 step cut 5 'tangential step side 5''other step side l ° - ⁇ brush block 7 slip ring 8.

Landscapes

  • Motor Or Generator Current Collectors (AREA)
  • Brushes (AREA)
  • Polishing Bodies And Polishing Tools (AREA)
  • Pens And Brushes (AREA)

Abstract

A brush block is provided for transmitting currents to a slip ring using at least one multi-wire slip element with a plurality of parallel connected multi-wire slip elements that are distributed one behind the other in the direction of slip following an imaginary curve. The brush block has a multi-wire slip element support with a curved inner wall on which the multi-wire slip elements are disposed in layers that overlap in scale-like fashion.

Description

BESCHREIBUNG DESCRIPTION
Bürstenblock zur Übertragung von StrömenBrush block for the transmission of currents
Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf einen Bürstenblock zurThe invention relates to a brush block
Übertragung von Strömen mit den Merkmalen im Oberbegriff des Hauptanspruchs.Transmission of currents with the features in the preamble of the main claim.
Bisher sind Vorrichtungen zum Übertragen von Strömen auf einen Schleifring mittels maximal zweier Schleifkontakte bekannt, welche nur zur Übertragung von Signalströmen mit einer Stromstärke im mA-Bereich geeignet sind. Diese Vorrichtungen können keine größeren Stromstärken übertragen.So far, devices for transmitting currents to a slip ring by means of a maximum of two sliding contacts are known, which are only suitable for transmitting signal currents with a current strength in the mA range. These devices cannot transmit larger currents.
Da nur maximal zwei Schleifkontakte zur Übertragung des Stromes verwendet werden, bergen diese Vorrichtungen ein Ausfallrisiko, da die Funktionalität der gesamten Vorrichtung von maximal zwei einzelnen Verschleißelementen abhängt .Since only a maximum of two sliding contacts are used to transmit the current, these devices involve a risk of failure, since the functionality of the entire device depends on a maximum of two individual wear elements.
Die Schleifkontakte, insofern sie aus Vieldrahtschleifern bestehen, werden bisher meist annähernd lotrecht an den Schleifring angelegt, was ein starkes Verfilzen der Vieldrahtschleifer, eine relativ geringe Kontaktfläche und somit einen hohen Kontaktwiderstand hervorruft.The sliding contacts, insofar as they consist of multi-wire grinders, have so far mostly been placed almost vertically on the slip ring, which causes a strong matting of the multi-wire grinders, a relatively small contact area and thus a high contact resistance.
Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung ist eine verbesserte Vorrichtung zur Übertragung von Strömen aufzuzeigen.The object of the present invention is to show an improved device for transmitting currents.
Die Lösung dieser Aufgabe erfolgt gemäß den Merkmalen im Hauptanspruch .This object is achieved according to the features in the main claim.
Die beanspruchte Vorrichtung zur Übertragung von Strömen besteht im Wesentlichen aus mindestens einem Bürstenblock, welcher mit einer Vielzahl von VieldrahtschleifelementenThe claimed device for the transmission of currents essentially consists of at least one brush block, which has a plurality of multi-wire grinding elements
(VDSE) verbunden ist, wobei diese VDSE tangential an einen Schleifring anlegbar sind. Die Verwendung einer solchen Vielzahl von VDSE hat den Vorteil, dass der zu übertragende Strom auf eine Vielzahl von parallel geschalteten Kontakten verteilt wird. Hierdurch wird die zu übertragende Stromleistung pro VDSE stark reduziert, was einen weit geringeren Verschleiß durch Erhitzung zur Folge hat und vor allem ermöglicht, dass auch Leistungsströme mit Stromstärken von 40A oder mehr übertragbar sind. Des Weiteren ist auch bei verschleißbedingtem Kontaktverlust einzelner VDSE stets noch ausreichender Kontakt vorhanden, um eine ausreichende Übertragung des Stroms zu gewährleisten. Hierdurch verlängert sich die Lebensdauer der Vorrichtung und das Ausfallrisiko wird vermindert.(VDSE) is connected, which VDSE can be applied tangentially to a slip ring. The use of such A large number of VDSE has the advantage that the current to be transmitted is distributed over a large number of contacts connected in parallel. As a result, the power to be transmitted per VDSE is greatly reduced, which results in much less wear due to heating and, above all, enables power currents with currents of 40A or more to be transmitted. Furthermore, even if individual VDSEs lose contact due to wear, there is still sufficient contact to ensure adequate transmission of the current. This extends the life of the device and reduces the risk of failure.
Der einzelne Bürstenblock besteht vorzugsweise aus einemThe individual brush block preferably consists of one
VDSE-Träger in Verbindung mit einer Vielzahl von VDSE. Der VDSE-Träger weist auf der zum Schleifring weisenden und im wesentlichen konzentrisch zum Schleifring gebogenen Innenseite vorzugsweise eine Vielzahl von regelmäßig angeordneten Stufeneinschnitten auf. DieseVDSE carriers in conjunction with a variety of VDSE. The VDSE carrier preferably has a multiplicity of regularly arranged step incisions on the inside facing the slip ring and essentially bent concentrically to the slip ring. This
Stufeneinschnitte sind derart gestaltet, dass auf jeder der in etwa tangential zum Schleifring ausgerichteten Stufenseiten ein oder mehrere VDSE angebracht werden können. Es werden quer zur Drehrichtung des Schleifrings bevorzugt jeweils mehrere VDSE entweder direkt aneinander schließend oder leicht beabstandet nebeneinander auf einer Stufe aufgebracht und bilden miteinander eine VDSE-Lage .Step incisions are designed in such a way that one or more VDSE can be attached to each of the step sides oriented approximately tangentially to the slip ring. In each case, several VDSE are applied transversely to the direction of rotation of the slip ring, either directly adjoining one another or slightly spaced apart, on one step and form a VDSE layer with one another.
Die VDSE-Lagen zweier oder mehrerer benachbarter Stufeneinschnitte überlappen einander im Sinne einerThe VDSE layers of two or more adjacent step cuts overlap each other in the sense of one
Schuppung. Die so angeordneten VDSE beschreiben mit ihren freien Enden vorzugsweise eine Hüllkurve, nähern also eine Kreisbahn an, deren Radius etwas kleiner ist, als der Radius des anzulegenden Schleifringes. Hierdurch wird erreicht, dass die VDSE mit den Vieldrahtschleifern im Wesentlichen tangential und federnd an den Schleifring angelegt werden können und dass die Packungsdichte der Schleifkontakte sehr hoch ist.Desquamation. The free ends of the VDSE thus arranged preferably describe an envelope curve, that is to say they approach a circular path whose radius is somewhat smaller than the radius of the slip ring to be applied. This ensures that the VDSE with the multi-wire grinders can be applied essentially tangentially and resiliently to the slip ring and that the packing density of the Sliding contacts is very high.
Des Weiteren ist sind die VDSE bevorzugt derart strukturiert in den Stufeneinschnitten angebracht, dass die einzelnen Lagen jeweils zueinander versetzt sind. Die Versetzung der Lagen ist derart, dass die Vieldrahtschleifer einer VDSE-Lage mit den Vieldrahtschleifern der jeweils nächsten VDSE-Lage auf Lücke stehen. Hierbei können zwei oder mehr unterschiedliche Anordnungslagen gebildet werden.Furthermore, the VDSE are preferably structured in the step incisions in such a way that the individual layers are offset from one another. The layers are offset such that the multi-wire grinders of one VDSE layer are in gap with the multi-wire grinders of the next VDSE layer. Two or more different arrangement positions can be formed here.
Die Vieldrahtschleifer zweier oder mehrerer deckungsgleicher, also nicht benachbarter, VDSE-Lagen bilden eine Schleifspur auf dem Umfang des Schleifringes. Die VDSE-Lagen sind quer zur Drehrichtung desThe multi-wire grinders of two or more congruent, i.e. not adjacent, VDSE layers form a grinding track on the circumference of the slip ring. The VDSE layers are transverse to the direction of rotation of the
Schleifringes untereinander vorzugsweise so angeordnet, dass die Schleifspuren der jeweils versetzten VDSE-Lagen möglichst nah aneinander anschließen und gemeinsam eine breite Summenspur bilden.Slip ring preferably arranged one below the other so that the grinding tracks of the respective offset VDSE layers connect as close as possible to one another and together form a wide total track.
Durch diese Anordnung der VDSE am VDSE-Träger wird erreicht, dass beim Anliegen des Bürstenkopfes die Kontaktfläche zwischen den VDSE und dem Schleifring wesentlich vergrößert wird und in ümfangrichtung gleichmäßig ist, wodurch ein gleichmäßiger Verschleiß der Schleifringes ohne Rillenbildung und eine wesentliche Vergrößerung der Kontaktfläche hervorgerufen wird. Dies senkt den Kontaktwiderstand, was wiederum den Verschleiß verringert und die Lebensdauer erhöht.This arrangement of the VDSE on the VDSE carrier ensures that when the brush head is in contact, the contact area between the VDSE and the slip ring is significantly enlarged and is uniform in the circumferential direction, which causes uniform wear of the slip ring without grooves and a substantial increase in the contact area , This lowers the contact resistance, which in turn reduces wear and increases the service life.
Jedes VDSE besteht vorzugsweise aus einem flexiblen Trägerblatt, an dessen einem Ende ein Vieldrahtschleifer angeordnet ist. Dieser Vieldrahtschleifer besteht aus einer Vielzahl von kleinen Drähten, welche ein- oder mehrlagig und pinselartig zusammengefasst sind. Hierdurch wird erreicht, dass der zu übertragende Strom in jedem VDSE wiederum auf viele einzelne Schleifdrähte verteilt ist. Jeder einzelne Draht kann sich flexibel an etwaige kleine Unebenheiten des Schleifringes angleichen, wodurch eine maximal große Kontaktfläche überdeckt wird. Außerdem sind die Vieldrahtschleifer vorzugsweise an ihrem freien Ende nach außen hin abgebogen, um ihre Stabilität und ihre Führung auf dem Schleifer zu verbessern. Des Weiteren führt das Abbiegen dazu, dass die Vieldrahtschleifer bei eventuellem Drehen des Schleifrings in die entgegengesetzte Richtung nicht gestaucht oder verbogen werden.Each VDSE preferably consists of a flexible carrier sheet, at one end of which a multi-wire grinder is arranged. This multi-wire grinder consists of a large number of small wires, which are combined in one or more layers and brush-like. This ensures that the current to be transmitted in each VDSE is in turn distributed over many individual contact wires is. Each individual wire can adapt flexibly to any small bumps in the slip ring, which covers a maximum contact area. In addition, the multi-wire grinders are preferably bent outwards at their free end in order to improve their stability and their guidance on the grinder. Furthermore, the bending means that the multi-wire grinders are not compressed or bent if the slip ring is turned in the opposite direction.
Fallen ein oder mehrere Schleifdrähte durch verschleißbedingten Materialbruch oder sonstiges ab, so können hinter und neben diesen Drähten weitere noch ganz oder teilweise unverschlissene Drähte angeordnet sein, welche sich anstelle der abgefallenen Drähte an den Schleifring anlegen. Hierdurch wird die Lebensdauer jedes einzelnen VDSE verlängert und stets eine maximal große Kontaktfläche überdeckt.If one or more grinding wires fall off due to wear-related material breakage or something else, further or completely or partially unsworn wires can be arranged behind and next to these wires, which lie on the slip ring instead of the fallen wires. This extends the life of each VDSE and always covers a maximum contact area.
Durch die VDSE-Lagenversetzung und die schuppenartige Überlappungsstruktur, kommen die Vieldrahtschleifer der sich berührenden VDSE selbst bei unvorhergesehen weitem Eindringen des Schleifrings in den Bürstenbereich, wobei einzelne VDSE aneinandergedrückt werden könnten, nicht in direkten Kontakt und somit kann kein gegenseitiges Verhängen der VDSE stattfinden.Due to the VDSE layer shifting and the scale-like overlap structure, the multi-wire grinders of the touching VDSE do not come into direct contact, even if the slip ring penetrates the brush area unexpectedly, whereby individual VDSE could be pressed against each other, so that the VDSE cannot get caught.
Auch beim Abfallen einzelner Drähte eines VDSE durch Verschleiß fallen diese Drähte nicht direkt in einenEven if individual wires of a VDSE fall off due to wear, these wires do not fall directly into one
Vieldrahtschleifer der nächsten VDSE-Lage, sondern können durch die Versatzstellung der einzelnen VDSE-Lagen durch einen Freiraum nach außen hin abfallen.Multi-wire grinders of the next VDSE layer, but can fall off to the outside due to the offset position of the individual VDSE layers.
All diese Verschleißreduktionsmerkmale sind für eine Verlängerung der Lebensdauer des Bürstenblocks, eine Verminderung des Ausfallrisikos und eine geringere Wartungsfrequenz verantwortlich.All of these wear reduction features are for extending the life of the brush block, reducing the risk of failure, and less Maintenance frequency responsible.
Um die Kontaktfläche weiter zu vergrößern, ist es möglich, mehrere Bürstenblöcke nebeneinander oder hintereinander und über den Umfang des Schleifringes verteilt angeordnet anzubringen. Vorzugsweise werden mindestens ein Drittel der Schleifringfläche von Bürstenblöcken überdeckt.In order to further increase the contact area, it is possible to arrange several brush blocks next to one another or one behind the other and distributed over the circumference of the slip ring. Preferably at least a third of the slip ring area is covered by brush blocks.
Da eine Vielzahl von Schleifkontakten zu einem Bürstenblock zusammengefasst ist, ist dieser leicht zu montieren und auszutauschen, wodurch die gezeigte Anordnung kostengünstig zu installieren und in Stand zu halten ist.Since a large number of sliding contacts are combined to form a brush block, this is easy to assemble and replace, as a result of which the arrangement shown is inexpensive to install and to maintain.
Jeder Bürstenblock kann entweder nur einen Teil des Schleifringes oder sogar den gesamten Schleifring überdecken und demnach einen ganzen Innenkreis oder Kreisbogenabschnitt aufweisen, auf welchem Stufeneinschnitte mit daran verbundenen VDSE angeordnet sind.Each brush block can either cover only a part of the slip ring or even the entire slip ring and accordingly have an entire inner circle or circular arc section, on which step incisions with VDSE connected thereto are arranged.
In einer weiteren denkbaren Ausführung der Erfindung ist vorgesehen, dass VDSE-Träger und Schleifring gegeneinander vertauscht werden. In diesem Fall ist der VDSE-Träger im Wesentlichen rund mit Stufeneinschnitten der gezeigten Art auf dem Außenumfang. Entsprechend nähern die an den VDSE- Träger verbundenen VDSE einen Außenkreis an mit leicht größerem Radius als dem Innenradius des nun außen liegenden Schleifringes.Another conceivable embodiment of the invention provides that the VDSE carrier and slip ring are interchanged. In this case, the VDSE carrier is essentially round with step cuts of the type shown on the outer circumference. Accordingly, the VDSE connected to the VDSE carrier approach an outer circle with a slightly larger radius than the inner radius of the slip ring now on the outside.
In einer anderen weiteren Ausführung der Erfindung besteht der Schleifring aus zwei oder mehr voneinander isolierten Segmenten, welche über mehrere unterschiedlich gepolte Bürstenblöcke mit unterschiedlichen Strömen versorgt werden. Hierdurch wird erreicht, dass platzsparend auf nur einem Schleifringumfang mehrere Ströme übertragen werden können, um beispielsweise regelmäßige Umpolungen hervorzurufen .In another further embodiment of the invention, the slip ring consists of two or more segments which are insulated from one another and which are supplied with different currents via a plurality of differently polarized brush blocks. This ensures that several currents can be transmitted in a space-saving manner on just one slip ring circumference, for example, for regular polarity reversals to evoke.
Weiterhin ist es möglich, die gezeigte Anordnung geometrisch derart zu variieren, dass die Bürstenblöcke nicht auf den Umfang eines Schleifringes, sondern auf dessen Stirnseite angelegt werden. Der Schleifringträger kann in diesem Falls tellerförmig statt zylindrisch ausgebildet sein. Der Aufbau des Bürstenkopfes weist dementsprechend mehrere im Kreisbogen angeordnete VDSE- Lagen auf, welche kreisrunde Schleifspuren auf derFurthermore, it is possible to vary the arrangement shown geometrically such that the brush blocks are not placed on the circumference of a slip ring, but on the end face thereof. In this case, the slip ring carrier can be plate-shaped instead of cylindrical. The structure of the brush head accordingly has several VDSE layers arranged in a circular arc, which have circular grinding marks on the
Schleifringstirnseite beschreiben. Die Versetzung der einzelnen Lagen erfolgt entsprechend ähnlich der gezeigten Versetzung bei umfangsseitigen Bürstenblöcken. Describe the slip ring face. The individual layers are shifted in a similar manner to the shift shown for circumferential brush blocks.
Die Erfindung ist in den Zeichnungen schematisch und beispielsweise dargestellt. Es zeigen:The invention is shown schematically and for example in the drawings. Show it:
Figur 1: Eine dimetrische Ansicht eines Vieldrahtschleifelements ,FIG. 1: a dimetric view of a multi-wire grinding element,
Figur 2: eine Seitenansicht eines VDSE-Trägers,FIG. 2: a side view of a VDSE carrier,
Figur 3: eine Seitenansicht eines Bürstenblocks,FIG. 3: a side view of a brush block,
Figur 4: eine Vorderansicht eines Bürstenblocks,FIG. 4: a front view of a brush block,
Figur 5: einen Stromübertrager in Seitenansicht mit drei Bürstenblöcken in Verbindung mit einem Schleifring undFigure 5: a current transformer in side view with three brush blocks in connection with a slip ring and
Figur 6: eine Variante eines VDSE-Trägers in Seitenansicht .Figure 6: a variant of a VDSE carrier in side view.
In einer bevorzugten Ausführung der Erfindung dient der Bürstenblock (β) zur Übertragung von Leistungsströmen auf einen Schleifring (7) , der umfangseitig auf einem um die Achse (13) rotierenden zylindrischen Träger (8) montiert ist. Die kinematische Zuordnung kann auch umgekehrt sein. Der einzeln oder mehrfach vorhandene Bürstenblock (6) und ein oder mehrere parallel angeordnete Schleifringe (7) bilden einen Stromübertrager (14) . Figur 5 zeigt schematisch einen Stromübertrager (14) mit Anschlüssen (15) für Leistungsstrom, die mit den Bürstenblöcken (6) verbunden sind. Der oder die Schleifring (e) (7) besitzen entsprechende Stromanschlüsse.In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the brush block (β) is used to transmit power currents to a slip ring (7) which is mounted on the circumference on a cylindrical support (8) rotating about the axis (13). The kinematic assignment can also be reversed. The single or multiple brush block (6) and one or more slip rings (7) arranged in parallel form a current transformer (14). Figure 5 shows schematically a current transformer (14) with connections (15) for power current, which are connected to the brush blocks (6). The slip ring (s) (7) have corresponding power connections.
Der Bürstenblock (6) besteht aus einer Vielzahl von elektrisch parallel geschalteten Vieldrahtschleifelementen (3) (im weiteren VDSE genannt), welche an einem VDSE- Träger (4) in Schleifrichtung (9) gleichmäßig verteilt angeordnet und befestigt sind. Hierbei sind mehrere VDSE (3) mit gegenseitigem Abstand hintereinander in einem Bogen in Schleifrichtung (9) oder in Umfangsrichtung des Schleifrings (7) angeordnet. Die VDSE (3) bilden mit ihren Enden in dieser Anordnung gemeinsam eine schalenförmige, konzentrisch zur Drehachse (13) des Schleifrings (7) gekrümmte Hüllkurve und eine Schleifmatte (10) , die an die Schleifringkontur angepasst ist. Hierdurch ergibt sich eine Vielzahl von Kontaktstellen zur Stromübertragung.The brush block (6) consists of a number of electrically connected multi-wire grinding elements (3) (hereinafter referred to as VDSE), which are connected to a VDSE Carriers (4) are arranged and fastened evenly distributed in the grinding direction (9). Several VDSE (3) are arranged one behind the other in an arc in the grinding direction (9) or in the circumferential direction of the slip ring (7). The ends of the VDSE (3) in this arrangement jointly form a shell-shaped envelope curve concentric to the axis of rotation (13) of the slip ring (7) and a grinding mat (10) which is adapted to the slip ring contour. This results in a large number of contact points for power transmission.
Wie in Figur 1 dargestellt, besteht jedes Vieldrahtschleifelement (3) aus einem elektrisch leitenden, starren oder flexiblen Trägerblatt (1) , welches mit dem einen Ende am VDSE-Träger (4) an einer geeigneten Befestigungsstelle (11) montiert ist und an dessen anderem Ende ein Vieldrahtschleifer (2) angebracht ist. Der Vieldrahtschleifer (2) besteht aus einer Vielzahl von flexiblen dünnen Schleifdrähten, die in einer vorzugsweise ein- oder mehrlagigen pinselartigen Anordnung nebeneinander und ggf. übereinander liegen. Die Schleifdrähte sind an ihrem freien Ende bevorzugt nach außen hin abgebogen oder abgewinkelt.As shown in Figure 1, each multi-wire grinding element (3) consists of an electrically conductive, rigid or flexible carrier sheet (1), which is mounted at one end to the VDSE carrier (4) at a suitable fastening point (11) and at the other End of a multi-wire grinder (2) is attached. The multi-wire grinder (2) consists of a large number of flexible, thin grinding wires, which are arranged next to one another and possibly one above the other in a preferably single- or multi-layer brush-like arrangement. The grinding wires are preferably bent or angled outwards at their free end.
Der VDSE-Träger (4) weist eine konzentrisch zur Achse (13) gebogene Innenwand (12) auf, an welcher in der Ausführungsform von Figur 2 mehrere Stufeneinschnitte (5) angeordnet sind. Die Stufeneinschnitte (5) besitzen jeweils eine zur Mitte (13) weisende und in etwa tangential zum Schleifring (7) ausgerichtete Stufenseite (5') und eine zu dieser quer gerichtete und bevorzugt senkrecht stehende Stufenseite (5'') auf. Auf jeder Stufenseite (5') sind bevorzugt mehrere VDSE (3) nebeneinander mit Befestigungsstellen (11) angebracht. Die tangential ausgerichteten Stufenseiten (5') sind durch die dazu lotrechten Stufenseiten (5'') zueinander beabstandet. Die Stufeneinschnitte (5) folgen der Schleifringkrümmung und bilden miteinander eine gebogene Treppenkontur.The VDSE carrier (4) has an inner wall (12) which is curved concentrically to the axis (13) and on which several step incisions (5) are arranged in the embodiment of FIG. The step incisions (5) each have a step side (5 ') which points towards the center (13) and is approximately tangential to the slip ring (7) and a step side (5'') which is transverse and preferably perpendicular to this. On each step side (5 '), a plurality of VDSE (3) are preferably attached next to one another with fastening points (11). The tangentially aligned step sides (5 ') are spaced apart from one another by the step sides (5'') perpendicular thereto. The step incisions (5) follow the slip ring curvature and together form a curved stair contour.
Die VDSE (3) sind im wesentlichen gerade ausgerichtet, liegen mit ihren Trägerblättern (1) plan auf den Stufenseite (5') und sind tangential zum Schleifring (7) ausgerichtet. Die VDSE (3) jeweils einer Stufe bilden eine VDSE-Lage (A,B), wobei sich die Lagen mehrerer benachbarter Stufen schuppenartig überlappen. Die Lagen (A,B) wechseln regelmäßig ab.The VDSE (3) are aligned essentially straight, lie flat with their carrier blades (1) on the step side (5 ') and are aligned tangentially to the slip ring (7). The VDSE (3) of each stage form a VDSE layer (A, B), the layers of several neighboring stages overlapping like a scale. The layers (A, B) alternate regularly.
Die Ausrichtung der tangentialen Stufenseite (5") ist derart, dass die freien Enden der einzelnen VDSE-Lagen (A,B) die besagte Hüllkurve (10) beschreiben. Der Radius dieser Hüllkurve (10) ist bevorzugt etwas kleiner als der Radius des anlegbaren Schleifringes (7) . Hierdurch liegen die elastischen Vieldrahtschleifer (2) der VDSE-Lagen bevorzugt mit leichtem Druck tangential am Umfang oder Mantel des Schleifringes (7) an.The orientation of the tangential step side (5 ") is such that the free ends of the individual VDSE layers (A, B) describe said envelope curve (10). The radius of this envelope curve (10) is preferably somewhat smaller than the radius of the one that can be applied As a result, the elastic multi-wire grinders (2) of the VDSE layers preferably lie tangentially on the circumference or jacket of the slip ring (7) with slight pressure.
wie in Figur 4 dargestellt, sind zwei oder mehrere VDSE-Lagen (A,B) bevorzugt zueinander versetzt und haben eine unterschiedliche Zahl von VDSE (3) . In der Lage (A) sind z.B. drei VDSE (3) nebeneinander angeordnet. Die Lage (B) weist zwei VDSE (3) auf. Die seitliche Versetzung derAs shown in FIG. 4, two or more VDSE layers (A, B) are preferably offset from one another and have a different number of VDSE (3). In position (A) e.g. three VDSE (3) arranged side by side. The location (B) has two VDSE (3). The lateral displacement of the
Lagen (A,B) ist derart, dass die Vieldrahtschleifer (2) einer Lage (A) zu den Vieldrahtschleifern (2) einer benachbarten Lage (B) genau auf Lücke stehen. Die Vieldrahtschleifer (2) einer Lage (A,B) bilden auf dem Umfang eines anzulegenden Schleifringes (7) eine gemeinsame zwei- oder dreiteilige Schleifspur. Die Versetzung der Lagen (A,B) ist derart, dass die unterschiedlichen Schleifspuren der Lagen (A,B) gemeinsam eine kontinuierliche breite Summenschleifspur ergeben. Die VDSE (3) werden im Bereich der Stufeneinschnitte (5) an den Stellen (11) vorzugsweise durch Schweißen oder .Nieten mit dem VDSE-Träger verbunden. Hierbei werden die Trägerblätter (1) jeweils auf den tangentialen Stufenseiten (5') befestigt.Layers (A, B) are such that the multi-wire grinders (2) of one layer (A) are exactly at a gap to the multi-wire grinders (2) of an adjacent layer (B). The multi-wire grinders (2) of a layer (A, B) form a common two- or three-part grinding track on the circumference of a slip ring (7) to be applied. The layers (A, B) are offset in such a way that the different grinding tracks of the layers (A, B) together result in a continuous, wide total grinding track. The VDSE (3) are connected to the VDSE carrier in the area of the step incisions (5) at the points (11), preferably by welding or riveting. The carrier sheets (1) are each attached to the tangential step sides (5 ').
Wie in Figur 5 dargestellt werden vorzugsweise mehrere Bürstenköpfe (6) über den Umfang des Schleifringes (7) verteilt angeordnet. Des Weiteren können mehrere Bürstenköpfe (6) nebeneinander angeordnet werden, um zusätzliche oder breitere Schleifspuren zu erzeugen.As shown in FIG. 5, a plurality of brush heads (6) are preferably arranged distributed over the circumference of the slip ring (7). Furthermore, several brush heads (6) can be arranged side by side in order to create additional or wider grinding marks.
Figur 6 zeigt eine Variante des VDSE-Trägers (4) und der Gestaltung sowie Befestigung der einzelnen Vieldrahtschleifelemente VDSE (3) . Der Träger' (4) hat in dieser Ausführungsform eine im wesentlichen glatte und konzentrisch zur Achse (13) gebogene Innenwand (12) ohne die im vorigen Ausführungsbeispiel vorhandenen Stufeneinschnitte. Die VDSE (3) haben an ihren Trägerblättern (1) endseitig abgebogene Fußteile oderFigure 6 shows a variant of the VDSE carrier (4) and the design and attachment of the individual multi-wire grinding elements VDSE (3). The carrier ' (4) in this embodiment has an essentially smooth inner wall (12) which is curved concentrically to the axis (13) without the step incisions present in the previous exemplary embodiment. The VDSE (3) have on their support blades (1) bent end parts or
Fußlappen (16), die bereichsweise an der Innenwand (12) anliegen und an den Befestigungsstellen (11) mit dieser in geeigneter Weise durch Schweißen, Löten, Nieten, Schrauben oder dergl. elektrisch leitend verbunden sind.Foot flaps (16), which abut the inner wall (12) in some areas and are connected to the fastening points (11) in a suitable manner by welding, soldering, riveting, screwing or the like.
Varianten der gezeigten Ausführungsform sind in verschiedener Weise möglich. Einerseits kann die Zahl und Anordnung der Bürstenblöcke (6) variieren. Zum anderen kann die Zahl, Verteilung und Anordnung der VDSE (3) innerhalb der Bürstenblöcke (6) abgewandelt werden. Auch eine scheibenförmige Ausbildung des Schleifrings (1) mit entsprechend gebogenen Bürstenblöcken (6) und im Bogen hintereinander angeordneten VDSE (3) ist möglich. BEZUGSZEICHENLISTEVariants of the embodiment shown are possible in different ways. On the one hand, the number and arrangement of the brush blocks (6) can vary. On the other hand, the number, distribution and arrangement of the VDSE (3) within the brush blocks (6) can be modified. A disk-shaped design of the slip ring (1) with correspondingly curved brush blocks (6) and VDSE (3) arranged one behind the other in the arc is also possible. LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS
1 Trägerblatt 2 Vieldrahtschleifer1 carrier sheet 2 multi-wire grinder
5 3 Vieldrahtschleifelement (VDSE) 4 VDSE-Träger 5 Stufeneinschnitt 5' tangentiale Stufenseite 5'' andere Stufenseite l°- β Bürstenblock 7 Schleifring 8. Träger 9 Schleifrichtung 10 Hüllkurve, Schleifmatte 15 11 Befestigungsstelle 12 Innenwand 13 Achse, Drehachse 14 Stromübertrager 15 Anschluss für Leistungsstrom 20 16 Fußteil, Fußlappen5 3 multi-wire grinding element (VDSE) 4 VDSE carrier 5 step cut 5 'tangential step side 5''other step side l ° - β brush block 7 slip ring 8. holder 9 grinding direction 10 envelope, grinding mat 15 11 fastening point 12 inner wall 13 axis, axis of rotation 14 current transformer 15 connection for power current 20 16 foot section, foot cloth
2525
3030
35 35

Claims

PATENTANSPRÜCHE
1.) Bürstenblock (6) zur Übertragung von Strömen auf einen Schleifring (7) mittels mindestens eines Vieldrahtschleifelements (VDSE) (3) , dadurch g e k e n n z e i c h n e t, dass am Bürstenblock eine Vielzahl von elektrisch parallel geschalteten VDSE (3) in Schleifrichtung (9) hintereinander und im Bogen verteilt angeordnet sind.1.) Brush block (6) for transmitting currents to a slip ring (7) by means of at least one multi-wire grinding element (VDSE) (3), characterized in that on the brush block a plurality of VDSE (3) connected in parallel in the grinding direction (9) one after the other and are arranged distributed in the arch.
2.) Bürstenblock nach Anspruch 1, dadurch g e k e n n z e i c h n e t, dass der Bürstenblock einen VDSE-Träger (4) mit einer gebogenen Innenwand (12) aufweist, an der eine Vielzahl von VDSE (3) angeordnet sind.2.) Brush block according to claim 1, characterized in that the brush block has a VDSE carrier (4) with a curved inner wall (12) on which a plurality of VDSE (3) are arranged.
3.) Bürstenblock nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch g e k e n n z e i c h n e t, dass die VDSE (3) Lagen (A,B) bilden, die in einer sich überlappenden, schuppenartigen Struktur angeordnet sind und mit den Enden der VDSE (3) eine zur Schleifringachse (13) konzentrische Hüllkurve (10) beschreiben.3.) Brush block according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the VDSE (3) form layers (A, B) which are arranged in an overlapping, scale-like structure and with the ends of the VDSE (3) one to the slip ring axis ( 13) Describe the concentric envelope (10).
4.) Bürstenblock nach Anspruch 1, 2, oder 3, dadurch g e k e n n z e i c h n e t, dass die VDSE-Lagen (A,B) eine unterschiedliche Zahl von VDSE (3) aufweisen.4.) Brush block according to claim 1, 2, or 3, characterized in that the VDSE layers (A, B) have a different number of VDSE (3).
5.) Bürstenblock nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch g e k e n n z e i c h n e t, dass die VDSE (3) von benachbarten Lagen (A,B) einen seitlichen Versatz aufweisen und auf Lücke angeordnet sind.5.) Brush block according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the VDSE (3) of adjacent layers (A, B) have a lateral offset and are arranged on a gap.
6.) Bürstenblock nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch g e k e n n z e i c h n e t, dass der VDSE-Träger (4) an der Innenwand (12) mehrere umfangsseitig im Bogen angeordnete Stufeneinschnitte (5) aufweist, an denen die VDSE (3) angeordnet sind.6.) Brush block according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the VDSE carrier (4) on the inner wall (12) has a plurality of step incisions (5) arranged on the circumference in the arc, on which the VDSE (3) are arranged.
7. ) Bürstenblock nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch g e k e n n z e i c h n e t, dass die Stufeneinschnitte (5) jeweils eine im wesentlichen tangential zum Schleifring (7) ausgerichtete Stufenseite (5') und eine quer dazu angeordnete Stufenseite (5'') aufweisen.7.) Brush block according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the step incisions (5) each have a step side (5 ') oriented essentially tangentially to the slip ring (7) and a step side (5' ') arranged transversely thereto.
8. ) Bürstenblock nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch g e k e n n z e i c h n e t, dass die VDSE (3) aus einem leitenden Trägerblatt (1) mit daran angeordneten Vieldrahtschleifer (2) bestehen.8.) Brush block according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the VDSE (3) consist of a conductive carrier sheet (1) with a multi-wire grinder (2) arranged thereon.
9.) Bürstenblock nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch g e k e n n z e i c h n e t, dass die Drähte des Vieldrahtschleifers (2) am freien Ende abgebogen sind.9.) Brush block according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the wires of the multi-wire grinder (2) are bent at the free end.
10.) Bürstenblock nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch g e k e n n z e i c h n e t, dass die Drähte des Vieldrahtschleifers (2) in einer ein- oder mehrlagigen Pinselstruktur zusammengefasst sind.10.) Brush block according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the wires of the multi-wire grinder (2) are combined in a single-layer or multi-layer brush structure.
11.) Bürstenblock nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch g e k e n n z e i c h n e t, dass mehrere Bürstenblöcke (6) nebeneinander und über den Umfang eines Schleifringes (7) verteilt anordenbar sind.11.) Brush block according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a plurality of brush blocks (6) can be arranged next to one another and distributed over the circumference of a slip ring (7).
12.) Rotierender Stromübertrager mit ein oder mehreren Schleifringen (7) und ein oder mehreren Bürstenblöcken (6), die relativ zueinander drehbar gelagert sind, dadurch g e k e n n z e i c h n e t, dass die Bürstenblöcke (6) nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 11 ausgebildet sind.12.) Rotating current transformer with one or more slip rings (7) and one or more brush blocks (6) which can be rotated relative to one another are stored, characterized in that the brush blocks (6) are designed according to one of claims 1 to 11.
13.) Rotierender Stromübertrager nach Anspruch 12, dadurch g e k e n n z e i c h n e t, dass der Stromübertrager (14) Anschlüsse (15) für Leistungsstrom aufweist. 13.) Rotating current transformer according to claim 12, characterized in that the current transformer (14) has connections (15) for power current.
EP04763871A 2003-08-13 2004-08-06 Brush block for transmitting currents Active EP1654787B8 (en)

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ES2362901T3 (en) 2011-07-14
US7287985B2 (en) 2007-10-30
EP1654787B1 (en) 2011-03-02
US20060286821A1 (en) 2006-12-21
EP1654787B8 (en) 2011-06-15
DE20312458U1 (en) 2004-12-23
JP4621670B2 (en) 2011-01-26
JP2007502098A (en) 2007-02-01
ATE500638T1 (en) 2011-03-15
DK1654787T3 (en) 2011-06-14
DE502004012265D1 (en) 2011-04-14
WO2005020391A1 (en) 2005-03-03

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