EP1644124B1 - Device for operating cyclones - Google Patents

Device for operating cyclones Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1644124B1
EP1644124B1 EP04741687A EP04741687A EP1644124B1 EP 1644124 B1 EP1644124 B1 EP 1644124B1 EP 04741687 A EP04741687 A EP 04741687A EP 04741687 A EP04741687 A EP 04741687A EP 1644124 B1 EP1644124 B1 EP 1644124B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
cyclones
cyclone
crankcase
control piston
gas
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP04741687A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1644124A1 (en
Inventor
Torsten Hilpert
Pius Trautmann
Thomas Schleiden
Andreas Beck
Andreas Weber
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Mann and Hummel GmbH
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Mann and Hummel GmbH
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Publication of EP1644124A1 publication Critical patent/EP1644124A1/en
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01M—LUBRICATING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; LUBRICATING INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES; CRANKCASE VENTILATING
    • F01M13/00—Crankcase ventilating or breathing
    • F01M13/04—Crankcase ventilating or breathing having means for purifying air before leaving crankcase, e.g. removing oil
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
    • B04C—APPARATUS USING FREE VORTEX FLOW, e.g. CYCLONES
    • B04C11/00—Accessories, e.g. safety or control devices, not otherwise provided for, e.g. regulators, valves in inlet or overflow ducting
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
    • B04C—APPARATUS USING FREE VORTEX FLOW, e.g. CYCLONES
    • B04C5/00—Apparatus in which the axial direction of the vortex is reversed
    • B04C5/24—Multiple arrangement thereof
    • B04C5/28—Multiple arrangement thereof for parallel flow
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01M—LUBRICATING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; LUBRICATING INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES; CRANKCASE VENTILATING
    • F01M13/00—Crankcase ventilating or breathing
    • F01M13/02—Crankcase ventilating or breathing by means of additional source of positive or negative pressure
    • F01M13/021—Crankcase ventilating or breathing by means of additional source of positive or negative pressure of negative pressure
    • F01M13/022—Crankcase ventilating or breathing by means of additional source of positive or negative pressure of negative pressure using engine inlet suction
    • F01M13/023—Control valves in suction conduit
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01M—LUBRICATING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; LUBRICATING INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES; CRANKCASE VENTILATING
    • F01M13/00—Crankcase ventilating or breathing
    • F01M2013/0038—Layout of crankcase breathing systems
    • F01M2013/005—Layout of crankcase breathing systems having one or more deoilers
    • F01M2013/0061—Layout of crankcase breathing systems having one or more deoilers having a plurality of deoilers
    • F01M2013/0066—Layout of crankcase breathing systems having one or more deoilers having a plurality of deoilers in parallel
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01M—LUBRICATING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; LUBRICATING INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES; CRANKCASE VENTILATING
    • F01M13/00—Crankcase ventilating or breathing
    • F01M13/04—Crankcase ventilating or breathing having means for purifying air before leaving crankcase, e.g. removing oil
    • F01M2013/0422—Separating oil and gas with a centrifuge device
    • F01M2013/0427—Separating oil and gas with a centrifuge device the centrifuge device having no rotating part, e.g. cyclone

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device for switching cyclones.
  • Cyclones are used for example in the crankcase ventilation of internal combustion engines. They serve to separate the crankcase gas from liquid components such as oil mist. The crankcase gas is thereby set in rotation in the cyclone. The oil mist or oil droplets settle on the wall of the cyclone and flow from there via a discharge pipe into an oil sump. The de-oiled gas passes via a pressure regulating valve to the intake tract of the internal combustion engine and is supplied to the intake air again.
  • crankcase gas depends on the operating condition of the engine and may be in the range of 50 to 220 l / min.
  • a cyclone has an optimal operating point with a certain amount of gas. In order to reliably degrease the different amount of gas, it is necessary to provide a plurality of switchable cyclones, which are switched on or off depending on the amount of gas. For this purpose, approaches are known, such. B. the use of additional valves which turn on or off the cyclones.
  • the volume flow of the crankcase gases is divided into at least two partial volume flows, and at least one partial volume flow is passed through at least one oil separator element, the size of the partial volume flows being regulated as a function of the size of the volume flow.
  • the invention is therefore an object of the invention to provide a device that makes it possible to accomplish a reliable switching on and off of cyclones without much component effort. This object is solved by the features of independent claim 1.
  • the essential advantage of the invention is that a control piston is provided.
  • This control piston is designed such that it opens or closes the access of the gas to a first or another cyclone depending on the back pressure of the crankcase gas.
  • a compression spring is provided to reset the control piston or as a force component against the back pressure of the crankcase gas. This makes it possible to achieve an efficient regulation of the volume flow and a distribution to several partial volume flows.
  • the entry into the at least two cyclones is configured cylindrically, therein is a retaining pin for receiving the compression spring and the receptacle of the control piston.
  • further education three cyclones are provided, wherein the control piston in the bottom has a passage opening and is in communication with the first cyclone. This means that at very low flow rate, the first cyclone is effective and a liquid separation takes place, if a higher volume flow must be cleaned, the control piston deviates from the rest position against the force of the compression spring and opens another passage for the volume flow.
  • this may have suitable sealing rings.
  • the cyclones are arranged in a common housing in an advantageous manner, this housing has a bottom drain, the further education provided with a valve and is suitable that the liquid collected in the circuit, i. attributed to the oil circuit of the internal combustion engine.
  • a control of the volume flow can also be done via a diaphragm valve.
  • This diaphragm valve is characterized by the pressure difference between the pressure of the crankcase gas before the cyclone, i. the pressure of the uncleaned crankcase gases and the pressure of the crankcase gases after the cyclone controlled. The pressure difference results in closing or opening of additional cyclones. At a maximum pressure difference all cyclones are open.
  • the diaphragm valve consists of a rubber-elastic membrane, which is acted upon by a compression spring. Two plungers are provided on this membrane via a plate. These close or open the access to two cyclones.
  • the diaphragm valve may also be equipped with a piston which moves along a cylinder wall. On this cylinder wall openings are provided which are in communication with the cyclones. By moving the piston, these openings are closed or released. Also, this fairly simple structure is suitable to achieve a regulation of the distribution of the crankcase gases and thus an optimal cleaning effect.
  • the device 10 according to FIG. 1 consists of three cyclones 11, 12, 13, which are arranged in a common housing 14.
  • the housing has a bottom drain 15, which is closed by a drain valve 16.
  • the drain valve 16 releases the opening 17, provided that a certain fluid pressure on the valve loads.
  • the housing 14 is closed by a lid 18.
  • Above the cover 18 is a closing body 19, which receives the cleaned by the cyclones 11, 12, 13 crankcase ventilation gases. These gases are passed via the line 20 and via a pressure regulating valve 21, not shown here, to the outlet line 22.
  • the cleaned crankcase gases can be supplied to the intake tract of an internal combustion engine.
  • the gases to be purified flow in via the opening 23.
  • This opening is shown in more detail in FIG. Identical parts are provided with the same reference numerals.
  • the cyclones 11, 12, 13 are shown in plan view.
  • To each cyclone leads a supply line 24, 25, 26.
  • the supply lines open into a common opening 23.
  • this opening 23 which is cylindrical, there is a control piston 27.
  • This control piston is attached to a retaining pin 28 and guided simultaneously.
  • About the retaining pin a compression spring 29 is pushed, which exerts a force on the control piston in the direction of the opening 23.
  • the control piston has at least one opening 30 on the bottom facing the compression spring.
  • FIG. 3 shows a structure of a device for de-oiling crankcase ventilation gases with three cyclones 34, 35, 36.
  • Each cyclone has its own supply line 37, 38, 39.
  • the crankcase gases to be cleaned pass through the opening 40 to the supply lines.
  • a diaphragm valve 41 is provided to control the distribution of the volume flows to the cyclones.
  • This consists of a rubber membrane 42 which is clamped between the housing 43 and a cover 44.
  • the rubber membrane carries in the central region a plate 45.
  • On this plate two plungers 46, 47 are arranged.
  • the plunger 46 can close the supply line 39, the plunger 47, the supply line 38. In the illustration shown here, the supply line 38 is opened, the supply line 39 is closed.
  • a compression spring 48 and a spring guide 49 are provided on the side opposite the plate side of the rubber membrane 42.
  • the compression spring provides a force component on the rubber membrane 42 in the direction of the supply lines 38, 39.
  • the space within the cover 44 is connected to the connection line for the gases purified by the cyclones, so that the pressure of the connection line continues into the space inside the cover 44.
  • the pressure of the crankcase gases On the opposite side of the rubber membrane 42 prevails due to the opening 51, the pressure of the crankcase gases to be cleaned. This means that at a low raw gas pressure, the supply lines 38, 39 are closed by the plungers 46, 47. Increases the raw gas pressure, the membrane is loaded against the force of the compression spring 48 and move in the direction of the compression spring, so that first the feed line 38 and later the feed line 39 is released.
  • FIG. 4 schematically shows a simple solution of a regulation of the gas distribution to the cyclones 52, 53, 54. These lie next to a supply line 55.
  • a slide 56 In the supply line 55 there is a slide 56, which is fastened to a membrane 57. Again, the membrane is acted upon on the right side with the pressure of the clean gas and left side with the pressure of the gas to be cleaned.
  • the slide 56 has a passage opening 58. While the cyclone 52 is opened in each operating state, the opening 58 shifts depending on the loading of the membrane and releases the cyclone 53, 54.
  • FIG. 5 shows, in a 3D representation, a housing for a control piston, as shown in a similar construction in FIG.
  • This control piston 60 is located in a cylindrical housing 61 and can move there along the arrow 62.
  • the support at the end of the housing via a compression spring 63.
  • This compression spring is attached via brackets 64, 65, 66 on the control piston 60.
  • the control piston is acted upon by the flow pressure of the crankcase gas in the direction A on the end plate 71. Depending on the volume flow, this causes a movement against the pressure of the spring 63. Due to an existing annular gap between the end plate 71 and the housing 61, the crankcase gas can flow past this end plate and enters a first cyclone.
  • the control piston 60 is arranged displaceably on a carrier 72.
  • This carrier 72 has guide surfaces 67, 67a.
  • the carrier 72 is gripped by the control piston 60 in the region of these guide surfaces and on the boundary walls arranged in this region.
  • the control piston 60 can move along the carrier 72.
  • two openings 68, 69 are provided in the carrier 72 itself. These openings are connected to the other cyclones, which are not provided here, connected.
  • a window 70 on the control piston 60 releases these openings 68, 69 or closes the openings, if only a small cure belgepurtig is applied.
  • crankcase gas pressure is maximum, ie both these cyclones are open and a cyclone which is in a permanently open state. If the crankcase gas pressure is reduced, first the opening 69 is closed by the control piston and then the opening 68.
  • the structure shows a simple and effective valve for controlling the crankcase gas flow and distribution thereof to the plurality of cyclones. Of course, it is possible to control several cyclones by appropriate embodiments of the window 70 and other openings below this window.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Lubrication Details And Ventilation Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
  • Color Television Image Signal Generators (AREA)
  • Soil Working Implements (AREA)
  • Transition And Organic Metals Composition Catalysts For Addition Polymerization (AREA)
  • Cyclones (AREA)

Abstract

Apparatus for separating oil from crankcase ventilation gases of an internal combustion engine having at least two oil separators in the form of cyclones connected in parallel and traversed by the crankcase ventilation gases. The apparatus is equipped with a control valve that divides the volumetric flow of the crankcase ventilation gases into at least two subflows, depending on the magnitude of the volumetric flow, and conducts the subflows to the at least two oil separators. A control piston releases or blocks access of the gases to additional cyclones depending on the dynamic pressure of the crankcase gas.

Description

Stand der TechnikState of the art

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Einrichtung zum Schalten von Zyklonen. Zyklone werden beispielsweise bei der Kurbelgehäuseentlüftung von Brennkraftmaschinen eingesetzt. Sie dienen dazu, das Kurbelgehäusegas von flüssigen Bestandteilen wie Ölnebel zu trennen. Das Kurbelgehäusegas wird dabei im Zyklon in Rotation versetzt. Der Ölnebel bzw. die Öltröpfchen schlagen sich an der Wandung des Zyklons nieder und fließen von dort aus über ein Ableitungsrohr in eine Ölwanne zurück. Das entölte Gas gelangt über ein Druckregelventil zu dem Ansaugtrakt der Brennkraftmaschine und wird der Ansaugluft wieder zugeführt.The invention relates to a device for switching cyclones. Cyclones are used for example in the crankcase ventilation of internal combustion engines. They serve to separate the crankcase gas from liquid components such as oil mist. The crankcase gas is thereby set in rotation in the cyclone. The oil mist or oil droplets settle on the wall of the cyclone and flow from there via a discharge pipe into an oil sump. The de-oiled gas passes via a pressure regulating valve to the intake tract of the internal combustion engine and is supplied to the intake air again.

Die Menge des Kurbelgehäusegases ist abhängig von dem Betriebszustand des Motors und kann im Bereich von 50 bis 220 l/min betragen. Ein Zyklon hat einen optimalen Betriebspunkt bei einer bestimmten Gasmenge. Um die unterschiedliche Menge an Gas zuverlässig zu entölen, ist es erforderlich, mehrere schaltbare Zyklone vorzusehen, die je nach Gasmenge hinzugeschaltet oder abgeschaltet werden. Hierzu sind Lösungsansätze bekannt, wie z. B. die Verwendung von zusätzlichen Ventilen, welche die Zyklone zu- oder abschalten.The amount of crankcase gas depends on the operating condition of the engine and may be in the range of 50 to 220 l / min. A cyclone has an optimal operating point with a certain amount of gas. In order to reliably degrease the different amount of gas, it is necessary to provide a plurality of switchable cyclones, which are switched on or off depending on the amount of gas. For this purpose, approaches are known, such. B. the use of additional valves which turn on or off the cyclones.

So ist aus der DE 199 18 311 ein Verfahren zur Entölung von Kurbelgehäuseentlüftungsgasen und eine Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens bekannt. Bei diesem wird der Volumenstrom der Kurbelgehäusegase in mindestens zwei Teilvolumenströme aufgeteilt und mindestens ein Teilvolumenstrom durch mindestens ein Ölabscheideelement geleitet, wobei die Größe der Teilvolumenströme abhängig von der Größe des Volumenstroms geregelt wird.So is out of the DE 199 18 311 a method for de-oiling crankcase ventilation gases and an apparatus for performing the method known. In this case, the volume flow of the crankcase gases is divided into at least two partial volume flows, and at least one partial volume flow is passed through at least one oil separator element, the size of the partial volume flows being regulated as a function of the size of the volume flow.

Es ist ferner aus der DE 102 05 981 ein System mit schaltbaren Zyklonen zum Abscheiden von Partikeln oder Tropfen aus einem Fluidstrom bekannt. Dabei sind mindestens zwei parallel angeordnete Zyklone vorgesehen, die eine tangentiale Einlassöffnung für den Fluidstrom aufweisen. Die Einlassöffnungen für den Fluidstrom sind jeweils einzeln zu verschließen oder zu öffnen. Gerade das Steuern des Fluidstroms ist für eine optimale Entölung von Kurbelgehäusegasen sehr wichtig, da Zyklone die Eigenschaft besitzen, dass sie nur in sehr eng begrenzten Betriebspunkten eine optimale Wirkung besitzen. Die Steuerung des Volumenstroms muss deshalb präzise auf diesen optimalen Betriebspunkt ausgelegt sein. Andererseits sollte das System einfach aufgebaut und störunanfällig gestaltet sein.It is also from the DE 102 05 981 a system with switchable cyclones for separating particles or drops from a fluid stream known. There are at least two parallel arranged cyclones are provided, which have a tangential inlet opening for the fluid flow. The inlet openings for the fluid flow are to be individually closed or opened. Especially the control of the fluid flow is very important for an optimal de-oiling of crankcase gases, since cyclones have the property that they have an optimal effect only in very narrow operating points. The control of the volume flow must therefore be precisely designed for this optimum operating point. On the other hand, the system should be simple in design and susceptible to interference.

Der Erfindung liegt daher die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine Einrichtung zu schaffen, die es ermöglicht, ohne großen Bauteileaufwand ein zuverlässiges Zu- und Abschalten von Zyklonen zu bewerkstelligen. Diese Aufgabe wird durch die Merkmale des unabhängigen Anspruchs 1 gelöst.The invention is therefore an object of the invention to provide a device that makes it possible to accomplish a reliable switching on and off of cyclones without much component effort. This object is solved by the features of independent claim 1.

Vorteile der ErfindungAdvantages of the invention

Der wesentliche Vorteil der Erfindung liegt darin, dass ein Steuerkolben vorgesehen ist. Dieser Steuerkolben ist derart gestaltet, dass er je nach Staudruck des Kurbelgehäusegases den Zutritt des Gases zu einem ersten oder einem weiteren Zyklon öffnet oder verschließt. Zur Rückstellung des Steuerkolbens bzw. als Kraftkomponente entgegen dem Staudruck des Kurbelgehäusegases ist eine Druckfeder vorgesehen. Damit lässt sich eine effiziente Regelung des Volumenstroms und eine Verteilung auf mehrere Teilvolumenströme bewerkstelligen.The essential advantage of the invention is that a control piston is provided. This control piston is designed such that it opens or closes the access of the gas to a first or another cyclone depending on the back pressure of the crankcase gas. To reset the control piston or as a force component against the back pressure of the crankcase gas, a compression spring is provided. This makes it possible to achieve an efficient regulation of the volume flow and a distribution to several partial volume flows.

Gemäß einer Weiterbildung der Erfindung ist der Eintritt in die wenigstens zwei Zyklone zylindrisch ausgestaltet, darin befindet sich ein Haltestift für die Aufnahme der Druckfeder und die Aufnahme des Steuerkolbens. In vorteilhafter Weise sind weiterbildungsgemäß drei Zyklone vorgesehen, wobei der Steuerkolben im Boden eine Durchtrittsöffnung aufweist und mit dem ersten Zyklon in Verbindung steht. Dies bedeutet, dass bei sehr geringem Volumenstrom das erste Zyklon wirksam ist und eine Flüssigkeitsabscheidung erfolgt, sofern ein höherer Volumenstrom gereinigt werden muss, weicht der Steuerkolben von der Ruheposition entgegen der Kraft der Druckfeder aus und öffnet einen weiteren Durchlass für den Volumenstrom. Bei einem höheren Ansteigen des Volumenstroms wird auch eine dritte Öffnung zu dem dritten Zyklon freigegeben, so dass bei einem maximalen Volumenstrom drei Zyklone beaufschlagt sind und für eine Reinigung des Kurbelgehäusegases zur Verfügung stehen. Zur Abdichtung des Steuerkolbens und seiner Mantelfläche kann dieser geeignete Dichtringe aufweisen.According to one embodiment of the invention, the entry into the at least two cyclones is configured cylindrically, therein is a retaining pin for receiving the compression spring and the receptacle of the control piston. Advantageously, further education three cyclones are provided, wherein the control piston in the bottom has a passage opening and is in communication with the first cyclone. This means that at very low flow rate, the first cyclone is effective and a liquid separation takes place, if a higher volume flow must be cleaned, the control piston deviates from the rest position against the force of the compression spring and opens another passage for the volume flow. At a higher increase in the volume flow and a third opening is released to the third cyclone, so that at a maximum flow three cyclones are applied and are available for a cleaning of the crankcase gas. For sealing the control piston and its lateral surface, this may have suitable sealing rings.

Die Zyklone sind in einem gemeinsamen Gehäuse in vorteilhafter Weise angeordnet, dieses Gehäuse besitzt einen Bodenablauf, der weiterbildungsgemäß mit einem Ventil versehen und geeignet ist, dass die gesammelte Flüssigkeit in den Kreislauf, d.h. in den Ölkreislauf der Brennkraftmaschine zurückzuführen.The cyclones are arranged in a common housing in an advantageous manner, this housing has a bottom drain, the further education provided with a valve and is suitable that the liquid collected in the circuit, i. attributed to the oil circuit of the internal combustion engine.

Eine Steuerung des Volumenstroms kann auch über ein Membranventil erfolgen. Dieses Membranventil wird durch die Druckdifferenz zwischen dem Druck des Kurbelgehäusegases vor dem Zyklon, d.h. dem Druck der ungereinigten Kurbelgehäusegase und dem Druck der Kurbelgehäusegase nach dem Zyklon gesteuert. Die Druckdifferenz führt zu einem Verschließen oder Öffnen von zusätzlichen Zyklonen. Bei einer maximalen Druckdifferenz sind sämtliche Zyklone geöffnet.A control of the volume flow can also be done via a diaphragm valve. This diaphragm valve is characterized by the pressure difference between the pressure of the crankcase gas before the cyclone, i. the pressure of the uncleaned crankcase gases and the pressure of the crankcase gases after the cyclone controlled. The pressure difference results in closing or opening of additional cyclones. At a maximum pressure difference all cyclones are open.

Weiterbildungsgemäß besteht das Membranventil aus einer gummielastischen Membran, die von einer Druckfeder beaufschlagt ist. An dieser Membran sind über einen Teller zwei Stößel vorgesehen. Diese verschließen bzw. öffnen den Zutritt zu zwei Zyklonen. Anstelle eines Tellers und den daran angeordneten Stößeln kann das Membranventil auch mit einem Kolben ausgestattet sein, welcher sich längs einer Zylinderwand bewegt. An dieser Zylinderwand sind Öffnungen vorgesehen, die mit den Zyklonen in Verbindung stehen. Durch das Bewegen des Kolbens werden diese Öffnungen verschlossen bzw. freigegeben. Auch dieser recht einfache Aufbau ist geeignet, eine Regelung der Verteilung der Kurbelgehäusegase und damit eine optimale Reinigungswirkung zu erzielen.According to the invention, the diaphragm valve consists of a rubber-elastic membrane, which is acted upon by a compression spring. Two plungers are provided on this membrane via a plate. These close or open the access to two cyclones. Instead of a plate and the rams arranged thereon, the diaphragm valve may also be equipped with a piston which moves along a cylinder wall. On this cylinder wall openings are provided which are in communication with the cyclones. By moving the piston, these openings are closed or released. Also, this fairly simple structure is suitable to achieve a regulation of the distribution of the crankcase gases and thus an optimal cleaning effect.

Diese und weitere Merkmale von bevorzugten Weiterbildungen der Erfindung gehen außer aus den Ansprüchen auch aus der Beschreibung und der Zeichnung hervor, wobei die einzelnen Merkmale jeweils für sich allein oder zu mehreren in Form von Unterkombinationen bei der Ausführungsform der Erfindung und auf anderen Gebieten verwirklicht sein und vorteilhafte sowie für sich schutzfähige Ausführungen darstellen können, für die hier Schutz beansprucht wird.These and other features of preferred embodiments of the invention will become apparent from the claims and from the description and the drawings, wherein the individual features in each case alone or in the form of sub-combinations in the embodiment of the invention and on be realized other areas and can represent advantageous and protectable versions for which protection is claimed here.

Zeichnungdrawing

Die Erfindung wird nachfolgend anhand von Ausführungsbeispielen näher erläutert. Es zeigt:

Figur 1
eine schematische Darstellung einer Vorrichtung zur Entölung von Kurbelgehäusegasen,
Figur 2
eine schematische Draufsicht auf die in Figur 1 gezeigte Darstellung,
Figur 3
eine Variante einer Vorrichtung mit einem Membranventil,
Figur 4
eine weitere Variante mit einer Membranplatte und
Figur 5
eine 3D-Darstellung eines Ventils zur Regelung der Zuschaltung von Zyklonen.
The invention will be explained in more detail with reference to embodiments. It shows:
FIG. 1
a schematic representation of a device for de-oiling of crankcase gases,
FIG. 2
a schematic plan view of the representation shown in Figure 1,
FIG. 3
a variant of a device with a diaphragm valve,
FIG. 4
another variant with a membrane plate and
FIG. 5
a 3D representation of a valve for controlling the connection of cyclones.

Die Vorrichtung 10 gemäß Figur 1 besteht aus drei Zyklonen 11, 12, 13, die in einem gemeinsamen Gehäuse 14 angeordnet sind. Das Gehäuse weist einen Bodenablauf 15 auf, der mit einem Ablaufventil 16 verschlossen ist. Das Ablaufventil 16 gibt die Öffnung 17 frei, sofern ein bestimmter Flüssigkeitsdruck auf dem Ventil lastet. Das Gehäuse 14 ist mit einem Deckel 18 verschlossen. Oberhalb des Deckels 18 befindet sich ein Abschlusskörper 19, welcher die durch die Zyklone 11, 12, 13 gereinigten Kurbelgehäuseentlüftungsgase aufnimmt. Diese Gase werden über die Leitung 20 und über ein hier nicht näher dargestelltes Druckregelventil 21 zur Ausgangsleitung 22 geführt. Die gereinigten Kurbelgehäusegase können dem Ansaugtrakt einer Brennkraftmaschine zugeführt werden. Die zu reinigenden Gase strömen über die Öffnung 23 ein.The device 10 according to FIG. 1 consists of three cyclones 11, 12, 13, which are arranged in a common housing 14. The housing has a bottom drain 15, which is closed by a drain valve 16. The drain valve 16 releases the opening 17, provided that a certain fluid pressure on the valve loads. The housing 14 is closed by a lid 18. Above the cover 18 is a closing body 19, which receives the cleaned by the cyclones 11, 12, 13 crankcase ventilation gases. These gases are passed via the line 20 and via a pressure regulating valve 21, not shown here, to the outlet line 22. The cleaned crankcase gases can be supplied to the intake tract of an internal combustion engine. The gases to be purified flow in via the opening 23.

Diese Öffnung ist in der Figur 2 näher dargestellt. Gleiche Teile sind mit gleichen Bezugszeichen versehen. Die Zyklone 11, 12, 13 sind in der Draufsicht dargestellt. Zu jedem Zyklon führt eine Zuführleitung 24, 25, 26. Die Zuführleitungen münden in eine gemeinsame Öffnung 23. Innerhalb dieser Öffnung 23, welche zylindrisch ausgestaltet ist, befindet sich ein Steuerkolben 27. Dieser Steuerkolben ist an einem Haltestift 28 befestigt und gleichzeitig geführt. Über den Haltestift ist eine Druckfeder 29 geschoben, welche eine Kraft auf den Steuerkolben in Richtung der Öffnung 23 ausübt. Der Steuerkolben weist an dem der Druckfeder zugewandten Boden wenigstens eine Öffnung 30 auf. Damit steht die Öffnung für die zu reinigenden Kurbelgehäusegase mit der Zuführleitung 26 für den Zyklon 13 in Verbindung. Dies bedeutet, dass in einer ersten Stellung des Steuerkolbens, die gestrichelt dargestellt ist und bei welcher der Steuerkolben die Zuführleitungen 24 und 25 verschließt, lediglich die Zuführleitung 26 mit der Öffnung 23 in Verbindung steht und damit die zureinigenden Kurbelgehäusegase lediglich dem Zyklon 13 zugeführt werden. Sofern der Volumenstrom und damit der Staudruck auf den Steuerkolben 27 größer wird, bewegt sich dieser entgegen der Kraftfeder 29 in Richtung Zyklon 13 und öffnet zunächst die Zuführleitung 24. Damit sind zwei Zyklone zur Reinigung der Kurbelgehäusegase wirksam. Bei einem noch größeren Staudruck öffnet der Steuerkolben auch die Zuführleitung 25, so dass die drei vorhandenen Zyklone von den Kurbelgehäusegasen beaufschlagt sind. Der Steuerkolben ist mit drei Dichtringen 31, 32, 33 ausgestattet, welche dafür sorgen, dass in jeder Lage des Steuerkolbens die korrekte und optimale Zuleitung der Kurbelgehäusegase in die einzelnen Zyklone gewährleistet ist.This opening is shown in more detail in FIG. Identical parts are provided with the same reference numerals. The cyclones 11, 12, 13 are shown in plan view. To each cyclone leads a supply line 24, 25, 26. The supply lines open into a common opening 23. Within this opening 23, which is cylindrical, there is a control piston 27. This control piston is attached to a retaining pin 28 and guided simultaneously. About the retaining pin a compression spring 29 is pushed, which exerts a force on the control piston in the direction of the opening 23. The control piston has at least one opening 30 on the bottom facing the compression spring. Thus, the opening for the crankcase gases to be cleaned communicates with the feed line 26 for the cyclone 13. This means that in a first position of the control piston, which is shown in dashed lines and in which the control piston closes the supply lines 24 and 25, only the supply line 26 is in communication with the opening 23 and thus the cranking gases to be reconditioned are only supplied to the cyclone 13. If the volume flow and thus the back pressure on the control piston 27 increases, this moves against the force spring 29 in the direction of cyclone 13 and initially opens the supply line 24. Thus, two cyclones for cleaning the crankcase gases are effective. At an even greater back pressure, the control piston also opens the supply line 25, so that the three existing cyclones are acted upon by the crankcase gases. The control piston is equipped with three sealing rings 31, 32, 33, which ensure that in each position of the control piston, the correct and optimal supply of the crankcase gases into the individual cyclones is ensured.

Figur 3 zeigt einen Aufbau einer Vorrichtung zur Entölung von Kurbelgehäuseentlüftungsgasen mit drei Zyklonen 34, 35, 36. Jedes Zyklon besitzt eine eigene Zuführleitung 37, 38, 39. Die zu reinigenden Kurbelgehäusegase gelangen über die Öffnung 40 zu den Zuführleitungen. Zur Regelung der Verteilung der Volumenströme auf die Zyklone ist ein Membranventil 41 vorgesehen. Dieses besteht aus einer Gummimembran 42, welche zwischen dem Gehäuse 43 und einem Deckel 44 eingespannt ist. Die Gummimembran trägt im zentrischen Bereich einen Teller 45. An diesem Teller sind zwei Stößel 46, 47 angeordnet. Der Stößel 46 kann die Zuführleitung 39 verschließen, der Stößel 47 die Zuführleitung 38. In der hier gezeigten Darstellung ist die Zuführleitung 38 geöffnet, die Zuführleitung 39 verschlossen. Auf der dem Teller gegenüberliegenden Seite der Gummimembran 42 sind eine Druckfeder 48 und eine Federführung 49 vorgesehen. Die Druckfeder sorgt für eine Kraftkomponente auf die Gummimembran 42 in Richtung der Zuführleitungen 38, 39. Über die Öffnung 50 ist der Raum innerhalb des Deckels 44 mit der Verbindungsleitung für die von den Zyklonen gereinigten Gase verbunden, so dass sich der Druck der Verbindungsleitung bis in den Raum innerhalb des Deckels 44 fortsetzt. Auf der gegenüberliegenden Seite der Gummimembran 42 herrscht aufgrund der Öffnung 51 der Druck der zu reinigenden Kurbelgehäusegase. Dies bedeutet, dass bei einem geringen rohgasseitigen Druck die Zuführleitungen 38, 39 durch die Stößel 46, 47 verschlossen sind. Erhöht sich der rohgasseitige Druck, wird die Membran entgegen der Kraft der Druckfeder 48 belastet und sich in Richtung Druckfeder bewegen, so dass zunächst die Zuführleitung 38 und später die Zuführleitung 39 freigegeben wird.Figure 3 shows a structure of a device for de-oiling crankcase ventilation gases with three cyclones 34, 35, 36. Each cyclone has its own supply line 37, 38, 39. The crankcase gases to be cleaned pass through the opening 40 to the supply lines. To control the distribution of the volume flows to the cyclones, a diaphragm valve 41 is provided. This consists of a rubber membrane 42 which is clamped between the housing 43 and a cover 44. The rubber membrane carries in the central region a plate 45. On this plate two plungers 46, 47 are arranged. The plunger 46 can close the supply line 39, the plunger 47, the supply line 38. In the illustration shown here, the supply line 38 is opened, the supply line 39 is closed. On the side opposite the plate side of the rubber membrane 42, a compression spring 48 and a spring guide 49 are provided. The compression spring provides a force component on the rubber membrane 42 in the direction of the supply lines 38, 39. Via the opening 50, the space within the cover 44 is connected to the connection line for the gases purified by the cyclones, so that the pressure of the connection line continues into the space inside the cover 44. On the opposite side of the rubber membrane 42 prevails due to the opening 51, the pressure of the crankcase gases to be cleaned. This means that at a low raw gas pressure, the supply lines 38, 39 are closed by the plungers 46, 47. Increases the raw gas pressure, the membrane is loaded against the force of the compression spring 48 and move in the direction of the compression spring, so that first the feed line 38 and later the feed line 39 is released.

Figur 4 zeigt schematisch eine einfache Lösung einer Regelung der Gasverteilung auf die Zyklone 52, 53, 54. Diese liegen neben einer Zuführleitung 55. In der Zuführleitung 55 befindet sich ein Schieber 56, der an einer Membran 57 befestigt ist. Auch hier wird die Membran rechtsseitig mit dem Druck des Reingases beaufschlagt und linksseitig mit dem Druck des zu reinigenden Gases. Der Schieber 56 besitzt eine Durchtrittsöffnung 58. Während der Zyklon 52 in jedem Betriebszustand geöffnet ist, verschiebt sich die Öffnung 58 je nach Beaufschlagung der Membran und gibt den Zyklon 53, 54 frei.FIG. 4 schematically shows a simple solution of a regulation of the gas distribution to the cyclones 52, 53, 54. These lie next to a supply line 55. In the supply line 55 there is a slide 56, which is fastened to a membrane 57. Again, the membrane is acted upon on the right side with the pressure of the clean gas and left side with the pressure of the gas to be cleaned. The slide 56 has a passage opening 58. While the cyclone 52 is opened in each operating state, the opening 58 shifts depending on the loading of the membrane and releases the cyclone 53, 54.

Die Figur 5 zeigt in einer 3D-Darstellung ein Gehäuse für einen Steuerkolben, wie er in einem ähnlichen Aufbau in Figur 2 dargestellt ist. Dieser Steuerkolben 60 befindet sich in einem zylindrischen Gehäuse 61 und kann sich dort längs des Pfeiles 62 bewegen. Die Abstützung am Ende des Gehäuses erfolgt über eine Druckfeder 63. Diese Druckfeder ist über Klammern 64, 65, 66 am Steuerkolben 60 befestigt. Der Steuerkolben wird von dem Strömungsdruck des Kurbelgehäusegases in Richtung A auf die Endplatte 71 beaufschlagt. Je nach Volumenstrom verursacht dieser eine Bewegung entgegen dem Druck der Feder 63. Aufgrund eines vorhandenen Ringspaltes zwischen der Endplatte 71 und der Gehäusewandung 61 kann das Kurbelgehäusegas an dieser Endplatte vorbeiströmen und gelangt in einen ersten Zyklon. Der Steuerkolben 60 ist auf einem Träger 72 verschiebbar angeordnet. Dieser Träger 72 weist Führungsflächen 67, 67a auf. Der Träger 72 wird von dem Steuerkolben 60 im Bereich dieser Führungsflächen und an den in diesem Bereich angeordneten Begrenzungswänden umklammert. Auf dieser so genannten Schwalbenschwanzführung kann sich der Steuerkolben 60 längs des Trägers 72 bewegen. Im Träger 72 selbst sind zwei Öffnungen 68, 69 vorgesehen. Diese Öffnungen sind mit den weiteren Zyklonen, die hier nicht dar gestellt sind, verbunden. Ein Fenster 70 auf dem Steuerkolben 60 gibt diese Öffnungen 68, 69 frei bzw. verschließt die Öffnungen, sofern nur ein geringer Kur belgehäusegasdruck anliegt. In der hier gezeigten Stellung ist der Kurbelgehäusegasdruck maximal, d. h. sowohl diese beiden Zyklone sind geöffnet als auch ein Zyklon, der sich in einem dauernd geöffneten Zustand befindet. Sofern der Kurbelgehäusegasdruck sich verringert, wird zunächst die Öffnung 69 durch den Steuerkolben geschlossen und anschließend die Öffnung 68. Der Aufbau zeigt ein einfaches und wirksames Ventil zur Regelung des Kurbelgehäusegasstromes und Verteilung desselben auf die mehreren Zyklone. Selbstverständlich besteht die Möglichkeit, auch durch entsprechende Ausgestaltungen des Fensters 70 bzw. weiterer Öffnungen unterhalb dieses Fensters mehrere Zyklone anzusteuern.FIG. 5 shows, in a 3D representation, a housing for a control piston, as shown in a similar construction in FIG. This control piston 60 is located in a cylindrical housing 61 and can move there along the arrow 62. The support at the end of the housing via a compression spring 63. This compression spring is attached via brackets 64, 65, 66 on the control piston 60. The control piston is acted upon by the flow pressure of the crankcase gas in the direction A on the end plate 71. Depending on the volume flow, this causes a movement against the pressure of the spring 63. Due to an existing annular gap between the end plate 71 and the housing 61, the crankcase gas can flow past this end plate and enters a first cyclone. The control piston 60 is arranged displaceably on a carrier 72. This carrier 72 has guide surfaces 67, 67a. The carrier 72 is gripped by the control piston 60 in the region of these guide surfaces and on the boundary walls arranged in this region. On This so-called dovetail guide, the control piston 60 can move along the carrier 72. In the carrier 72 itself, two openings 68, 69 are provided. These openings are connected to the other cyclones, which are not provided here, connected. A window 70 on the control piston 60 releases these openings 68, 69 or closes the openings, if only a small cure belgehäusegasdruck is applied. In the position shown here, the crankcase gas pressure is maximum, ie both these cyclones are open and a cyclone which is in a permanently open state. If the crankcase gas pressure is reduced, first the opening 69 is closed by the control piston and then the opening 68. The structure shows a simple and effective valve for controlling the crankcase gas flow and distribution thereof to the plurality of cyclones. Of course, it is possible to control several cyclones by appropriate embodiments of the window 70 and other openings below this window.

Claims (9)

  1. Apparatus for removing oil from crankcase ventilation gases of an internal combustion engine, the said apparatus having at least two oil separating elements (11, 12, 13) that are traversed by the crankcase ventilation gases and are in the form of cyclones, which are connected in parallel, wherein there is provided a control element, which divides the volume flow of the crankcase ventilation gases, in dependence on the size of the volume flow, into at least two part volume flows and supplies the same to the at least two oil separating elements, wherein a compression spring (29) impinges upon a control piston (27) in opposition to the pressure of the crankcase gas and wherein the control piston (22), depending on the dynamic pressure of the crankcase gas, opens or closes the access of the gas to the first or an additional cyclone.
  2. Apparatus according to claim 1, characterised in that the entrance into the at least two cyclones is cylindrical and in the said entrance there is a retaining pin, on which the compression spring is secured.
  3. Apparatus according to claim 2, characterised in that three cyclones are provided, wherein the control piston includes a passage in the base and the said passage communicates with the first cyclone and wherein the control piston, in the idle position, closes both the opening to the second cyclone as well as the opening to the third cyclone with its surface area and, when there is maximum volume flow, on account of the dynamic pressure of the crankcase gas, opens the opening to the second and third cyclone by means of an axial displacement
  4. Apparatus according to claim 3, characterised in that the control piston includes sealing rings on its surface area.
  5. Apparatus according to claim 3, characterised in that the cyclones are disposed in a common housing and the common housing is provided with a base outlet for discharging the separated liquid.
  6. Apparatus according to claim 5, characterised in that the base outlet is provided with a valve.
  7. Apparatus according to claim 1, characterised in that a diaphragm valve is provided for controlling the volume flow and the control of the diaphragm valve is effected by means of the pressure difference between the pressure of the crankcase ventilation gas upstream of the cyclone and the pressure of the crankcase ventilation gas downstream of the cyclone, wherein a small pressure difference or no pressure difference leads to the additional cyclones being closed and a maximum pressure difference leads to all the cyclones being opened.
  8. Apparatus according to claim 7, characterised in that the diaphragm valve comprises a resilient diaphragm, which is impinged upon by a compression spring and, in its idle position, closes two openings to cyclones by means of two tappets disposed on a disc, wherein the diaphragm valve is located in a housing and the said housing communicates on one side with the crankcase ventilation gas upstream of the cyclone and on the other side with the crankcase ventilation gas downstream of the cyclone.
  9. Apparatus according to claim 7, characterised in that the diaphragm valve is provided with a piston, which is moved along a cylinder wall and opens or closes openings to cyclones on the said cylinder wall.
EP04741687A 2003-06-02 2004-06-01 Device for operating cyclones Expired - Lifetime EP1644124B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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DE10325055A DE10325055A1 (en) 2003-06-02 2003-06-02 Device for switching cyclones
PCT/EP2004/050972 WO2004105955A1 (en) 2003-06-02 2004-06-01 Device for operating cyclones

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EP1644124A1 EP1644124A1 (en) 2006-04-12
EP1644124B1 true EP1644124B1 (en) 2007-08-22

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US (1) US7406961B2 (en)
EP (1) EP1644124B1 (en)
JP (1) JP4544638B2 (en)
AT (1) ATE370795T1 (en)
DE (2) DE10325055A1 (en)
WO (1) WO2004105955A1 (en)

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DE10325055A1 (en) 2004-12-23
EP1644124A1 (en) 2006-04-12
JP2006526731A (en) 2006-11-24
WO2004105955A1 (en) 2004-12-09
DE502004004745D1 (en) 2007-10-04
ATE370795T1 (en) 2007-09-15
JP4544638B2 (en) 2010-09-15
US20060112941A1 (en) 2006-06-01
US7406961B2 (en) 2008-08-05

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