EP1090210B2 - Method for removing oil from crankcase ventilation gases and devices for implementing said method - Google Patents

Method for removing oil from crankcase ventilation gases and devices for implementing said method Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1090210B2
EP1090210B2 EP00929385A EP00929385A EP1090210B2 EP 1090210 B2 EP1090210 B2 EP 1090210B2 EP 00929385 A EP00929385 A EP 00929385A EP 00929385 A EP00929385 A EP 00929385A EP 1090210 B2 EP1090210 B2 EP 1090210B2
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
control element
cyclone
oil
cyclones
volume flow
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EP00929385A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1090210B1 (en
EP1090210A1 (en
Inventor
Jürgen BUSEN
Sieghard Pietschner
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Ing Walter Hengst GmbH and Co KG
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Ing Walter Hengst GmbH and Co KG
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01M—LUBRICATING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; LUBRICATING INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES; CRANKCASE VENTILATING
    • F01M13/00—Crankcase ventilating or breathing
    • F01M13/04—Crankcase ventilating or breathing having means for purifying air before leaving crankcase, e.g. removing oil
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01M—LUBRICATING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; LUBRICATING INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES; CRANKCASE VENTILATING
    • F01M13/00—Crankcase ventilating or breathing
    • F01M2013/0038—Layout of crankcase breathing systems
    • F01M2013/005—Layout of crankcase breathing systems having one or more deoilers
    • F01M2013/0061—Layout of crankcase breathing systems having one or more deoilers having a plurality of deoilers
    • F01M2013/0066—Layout of crankcase breathing systems having one or more deoilers having a plurality of deoilers in parallel
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01M—LUBRICATING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; LUBRICATING INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES; CRANKCASE VENTILATING
    • F01M13/00—Crankcase ventilating or breathing
    • F01M13/04—Crankcase ventilating or breathing having means for purifying air before leaving crankcase, e.g. removing oil
    • F01M2013/0422—Separating oil and gas with a centrifuge device
    • F01M2013/0427—Separating oil and gas with a centrifuge device the centrifuge device having no rotating part, e.g. cyclone

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a device for deoiling crankcase ventilation gases of an internal combustion engine.
  • Devices of this kind are basically made, for example DE 31 28 470 A or DE 834 469 C known.
  • the known separation elements used for oil separation from the crankcase ventilation gases, cyclones in most cases have two determining operating variables, namely the separation efficiency and the differential pressure, which depend on the volume flow of the passed crankcase ventilation gas, the so-called blow-by gas.
  • a volumetric flow range results, in which both the separation capacity and the differential pressure of the separation element are optimally matched to the requirements of the internal combustion engine.
  • the volume flow of the crankcase ventilation gas is dependent on operating variables, such as load condition and speed, the associated internal combustion engine and the state of wear of the same. This results in the operation of an internal combustion engine such a large volume flow range that this disadvantage can not be covered with a single separation element, because the optimum operating state of the separation element is maintained only in a small area. In other areas, e.g. at low flow rates, the separation efficiency below a desired level or with correspondingly larger volume flows, the resulting differential pressure exceeds a still permissible value.
  • a device according to claim 1 or 4 is advantageously achieved that at low flow rates by appropriate control only one separation element is acted upon and that at large flow rates, the at least two separation elements are acted upon. It is of course possible to use three or four or more corresponding separation elements, which are each regulated so that the inflowing partial volume flow can be optimally cleaned by the oil droplets. With the device according to the invention is thus advantageously achieved that the separation efficiency and the differential pressure can always be kept in the optimum range, even in extreme operating conditions, such as overrun and / or excessive wear, the engine.
  • an excessively large volume flow can be conducted past the oil separation elements if this is permissible or desired in some operating conditions.
  • control element is arranged in each case directly in the gas inlet of the associated ⁇ labscheideelements and that means of the control element, the inlet cross section of the ⁇ labscheideelements between an open and closed position, preferably continuously or in several stages, is changeable.
  • control element and the additional control element each comprise a biased by weight or spring force in the closing direction valve ball, wherein the valve ball of the control element has a larger diameter than the Valve ball of the additional control element and wherein the two valve balls are connected by a coupling element for common adjustment.
  • the coupling element is a thin and lightweight rod connecting the two valve balls, which clearly forms an asymmetrical dumbbell with the two valve balls.
  • a flow 2 of the crankcase ventilation gases which is divided by branching into a partial stream 21 and a common control element 3 'in up to three partial streams 22, 23, 24, each flowing through an oil separator 1, whereupon the partial flows through corresponding Reconnect cable routing to a deoiled volume flow 2, which is to the right in the FIG. 1 is derived in the usual way, for example in the intake of the associated internal combustion engine.
  • a flow 2 of the crankcase ventilation gases which is divided by branching into a partial stream 21 and a common control element 3 'in up to three partial streams 22, 23, 24, each flowing through an oil separator 1, whereupon the partial flows through corresponding Reconnect cable routing to a deoiled volume flow 2, which is to the right in the FIG. 1 is derived in the usual way, for example in the intake of the associated internal combustion engine.
  • more or less of the four oil separation elements 1 available here are used.
  • the partial flows 21 to 24 do not have to be equal to one another, but in certain operating states they can be the associated internal combustion engine.
  • a volumetric flow 2 is divided by branching into four partial streams 21 to 24, wherein each partial flow 22 to 24 flows through a control element 3 and then through an oil separator 1, whereupon the four de-oiled streams 21 to 24 are brought together again.
  • FIG. 3 shows an embodiment in which the common volume flow 2 is first passed into a control element 3, wherein it is divided into two partial streams.
  • the one partial flow flows in the FIG. 5 down and then to the right through a bypass line 4, thus touching no ⁇ labscheideelement.
  • the other partial flow flows through an oil separation element 1 and on to a downstream control element 3, wherein again a division takes place as in the first stage.
  • a first partial flow flows into the bypass line 4 and the other partial flow through a ⁇ labscheideelement 1 and from there to a third control element 3.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic representation of an embodiment of the device shown, the two parallel cyclones as ⁇ labscheide institute 1 and a single control element 3 has.
  • a flow 2 of oil droplets loaded crankcase gas From the raw side, ie from the crankcase of an internal combustion engine, not shown here, comes a flow 2 of oil droplets loaded crankcase gas.
  • the volume flow 2 is divided into two partial streams 21, 22.
  • the first partial flow 21 is a first, in the FIG. 6 Cyclone 1 shown above fed through the gas inlet 11.
  • Cyclone 1 shown above fed through the gas inlet 11.
  • the clean gas leaves the cyclone 1 up through a gas outlet 12, while the separated oil flows through the below provided oil outlet 13.
  • the first cyclone 1 no control element Since the first cyclone 1 no control element is connected upstream, it is constantly traversed by gas in the operation of the associated internal combustion engine.
  • the second cyclone 1 is acted upon by the second partial stream 22 of the crankcase ventilation gases.
  • This cyclone 1 is preceded by the control element 3, which is formed here by a preloaded in the closing direction ball valve 31. Due to the biasing force in the closing direction, the control element 3 is closed at low flow 2; only at a greater increase in the volume flow 2, the valve 31 opens due to the increasing volume flow, here the partial flow 22, for example by a force exerted by this on the valve ball force.
  • the second cyclone 1 which is in parallel to the first cyclone 1, now also opens FIG. 4 is shown below, flows through a partial flow of the crankcase ventilation gas.
  • the device operates both at low and at high flow in each case in a favorable separation region of the cyclones. 1
  • the gas to be purified passes through a gas inlet 11 into the cyclone 1.
  • the cleaned gas leaves the second cyclone up through a gas outlet 12; the separated oil also flows down into the oil outlet 13 and, together with the oil deposited in the first upper cyclone 1, is preferably returned to the oil sump of the internal combustion engine.
  • the partial flows 21, 22 are brought together again to form a common, now cleaned volume flow 2 and discharged, preferably into the intake tract of the associated internal combustion engine.
  • the oil outlets 13 of the oil separation 1 in a common oil reservoir, which connects directly to the oil outlets 13.
  • the oil collecting container via a valve, a so-called return valve, connected to the crankcase.
  • the non-return valve opens temporarily, so that the oil can flow into the crankcase.
  • the return valve can also be designed as a siphon. In order to prevent an undesirable gas flow through the oil outlet 13 of that oil separation element 1 whose gas inlet or gas outlet is closed by the control element 3, this oil outlet has 13 an additional control element 3 ", which can shut off or open the oil outlet 13 relative to the oil collecting container.
  • FIG. 5 The drawing shows in cross section an embodiment of a cyclone 1 with an upstream control element 3 in the form of a valve 31.
  • the valve 31 is here as a prefabricated unit in a pipe socket, which is in the course of the partial flow 22 to the gas inlet of the cyclone 1, installed, here pressed.
  • a valve plate By means of a spring, a valve plate is biased in the closing direction.
  • the partial flow 22 can, if the partial flow 22 is sufficiently large, the valve plate are lifted from the valve seat against the force of the spring, so that then the partial flow 22 passes through the control element 3 through the gas inlet 11 of the cyclone 1 and then flows through the cyclone 1 , In the center of the cyclone 1 is still a part of the gas outlet 12 can be seen.
  • FIG. 6 shows an example of a cyclone 1 as an oil separation element, in which a control element 3 is provided in the gas outlet 12 and an additional control element 3 "in the oil outlet
  • the gas to be cleaned passes through the gas inlet 11 located at the top left of the cyclone 1 Inside of the cyclone 1 and is set in a rotating flow in the oil droplets are deposited due to the centrifugal force on the inner surface of the cyclone 1 and flow down towards the oil outlet 13.
  • the cleaned of the oil droplets, purified gas flows in Center of the cyclone 1 up through a central dip tube 12 'in the direction of the gas outlet 12th
  • the control element 3 in the gas outlet 12 is formed here by a valve ball 32, which rests on an integrally formed on the upper end of the dip tube 12 'annular valve seat.
  • a second valve ball 33 is arranged, which closes the oil outlet 13 in its lower position, as in FIG. 6 is shown.
  • the valve ball 32 of the control element 3 and the valve ball 33 of the additional control element 3 "are mechanically connected to each other via a coupling element 34, here a straight thin and light rod, so that they perform each movement in the vertical direction together.
  • the upper valve ball 32 is designed with a larger diameter than the lower valve ball 33.
  • the upper valve ball 32 is designed with a larger diameter than the lower valve ball 33.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Lubrication Details And Ventilation Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
  • Separating Particles In Gases By Inertia (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for removing oil from crankcase ventilation gases in an internal combustion engine, whereby an oil separating element (1), e.g. a cyclone, is cross flown by the crankcase ventilation gases and the oil droplets contained therein are separated. The method according to the invention is characterized in that the volumetric flow (2) of the crankcase ventilation gases is subdivided into at least two partial volumetric flows (21, 22, 23, 24) and at least one partial volumetric flow is guided through at least one oil separating element (1), wherein the size of the at least two partial volumetric flows (21 - 24) is regulated depending on the size of the volumetric flow (2). The invention also relates to devices for implementing the inventive method.

Description

Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft eine Vorrichtung zur Entölung von Kurbelgehäuseentlüftungsgasen einer Brennkraftmaschine.The present invention relates to a device for deoiling crankcase ventilation gases of an internal combustion engine.

Vorrichtungen dieser Art sind grundsätzlich z.B. aus DE 31 28 470 A oder DE 834 469 C bekannt. Die zur Ölabscheidung aus den Kurbelgehäuseentlüftungsgasen eingesetzten bekannten Abscheideelemente, in den meisten Fällen Zyklone, besitzen zwei bestimmende Betriebsgrößen, nämlich die Abscheideleistung und den Differenzdruck, die vom Volumenstrom des durchgeleiteten Kurbelgehäuseentlüftungsgases, des sogenannten Blow-By-Gases, abhängen. Somit ergibt sich betriebsbedingt ein Volumenstrombereich, in dem sowohl die Abscheideleistung als auch der Differenzdruck des Abscheideelementes optimal auf die Anforderungen der Verbrennungskraftmaschine abgestimmt sind.Devices of this kind are basically made, for example DE 31 28 470 A or DE 834 469 C known. The known separation elements used for oil separation from the crankcase ventilation gases, cyclones in most cases, have two determining operating variables, namely the separation efficiency and the differential pressure, which depend on the volume flow of the passed crankcase ventilation gas, the so-called blow-by gas. Thus, due to operational reasons, a volumetric flow range results, in which both the separation capacity and the differential pressure of the separation element are optimally matched to the requirements of the internal combustion engine.

Der Volumenstrom des Kurbelgehäuseentlüfungsgases ist dabei abhängig von Betriebsgrößen, wie Lastzustand und Drehzahl, der zugehörigen Verbrennungskraftmaschine und vom Verschleißzustand derselben. Daraus ergibt sich beim Betrieb einer Brennkraftmaschine ein so großer Volumenstrombereich, dass dieser nachteilig mit einem einzigen Abscheideelement nicht abgedeckt werden kann, denn der optimale Betriebszustand des Abscheideelementes wird nur in einem kleinen Bereich eingehalten. In anderen Bereichen sinkt z.B. bei geringen Volumenströmen die Abscheideleistung unter ein gewünschtes Niveau oder bei entsprechend größeren Volumenströmen übersteigt der entstehende Differenzdruck einen noch zulässigen Wert.The volume flow of the crankcase ventilation gas is dependent on operating variables, such as load condition and speed, the associated internal combustion engine and the state of wear of the same. This results in the operation of an internal combustion engine such a large volume flow range that this disadvantage can not be covered with a single separation element, because the optimum operating state of the separation element is maintained only in a small area. In other areas, e.g. at low flow rates, the separation efficiency below a desired level or with correspondingly larger volume flows, the resulting differential pressure exceeds a still permissible value.

Es ist deswegen die Aufgabe der Erfindung, eine Vorrichtung zur Entölung von Kurbelgehäuseentlüftungsgasen anzugeben, die bei allen Betriebsgrößen der Brennkraftmaschine im optimalen Bereich arbeiten. Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß durch eine Vorrichtung gemäß Anspruch 1 oder 4 gelöst. Vorteilhafte Ausführungsformen der Erfindung sind in den abhängigen Ansprüchen 2, 3 und 5 bis 10 angeführt.It is therefore the object of the invention to provide a device for de-oiling of crankcase ventilation gases, which operate in the optimum range for all operating variables of the internal combustion engine. This object is achieved by a device according to claim 1 or 4. Advantageous embodiments of the invention are set forth in the dependent claims 2, 3 and 5 to 10.

Durch eine Vorrichtung gemäß Anspruch 1 oder 4 wird vorteilhaft erreicht, dass bei geringen Volumenströmen durch entsprechende Regelung nur ein Abscheideelement beaufschlagt wird und dass bei großen Volumenströmen die mindestens zwei Abscheideelemente beaufschlagt werden. Es ist natürlich möglich, drei oder vier oder entsprechend mehr Abscheideelemente einzusetzen, die jeweils so geregelt sind, dass der ihnen zuströmende Teilvolumenstrom optimal von den Öltröpfchen gereinigt werden kann. Mit der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung wird also vorteilhaft erreicht, dass die Abscheideleistung und der Differenzdruck immer im optimalen Bereich gehalten werden können, auch bei extremen Betriebszuständen, wie Schubbetrieb und/oder starkem Verschleiß, der Brennkraftmaschine.By a device according to claim 1 or 4 is advantageously achieved that at low flow rates by appropriate control only one separation element is acted upon and that at large flow rates, the at least two separation elements are acted upon. It is of course possible to use three or four or more corresponding separation elements, which are each regulated so that the inflowing partial volume flow can be optimally cleaned by the oil droplets. With the device according to the invention is thus advantageously achieved that the separation efficiency and the differential pressure can always be kept in the optimum range, even in extreme operating conditions, such as overrun and / or excessive wear, the engine.

Bei der Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 4 kann ein zu großer Volumenstrom an den Ölabscheideelementen vorbeigeleitet werden, wenn das bei manchen Betriebszuständen zulässig oder gewünscht ist.In the device according to claim 4, an excessively large volume flow can be conducted past the oil separation elements if this is permissible or desired in some operating conditions.

Der Vorteil der Lösung nach Anspruch 2 mit einem einzigen gemeinsamen Regelelement liegt in dem relativ einfachen Aufbau.The advantage of the solution according to claim 2 with a single common control element lies in the relatively simple structure.

Um die Vorrichtung kompakt und übersichtlich sowie montagefreundlich zu halten, ist bevorzugt gemäß Anspruch 7 vorgesehen, dass das Regelelement jeweils unmittelbar im Gaseinlass des zugehörigen Ölabscheideelements angeordnet ist und dass mittels des Regelelements der Einlassquerschnitt des Ölabscheideelements zwischen einer Offen- und Schließstellung, vorzugsweise stufenlos oder in mehreren Stufen, veränderbar ist.In order to keep the device compact and clear and easy to assemble, it is preferably provided according to claim 7, that the control element is arranged in each case directly in the gas inlet of the associated Ölabscheideelements and that means of the control element, the inlet cross section of the Ölabscheideelements between an open and closed position, preferably continuously or in several stages, is changeable.

Um bei der zuletzt beschriebenen Ausführung der Vorrichtung zu vermeiden, dass bei geschlossenem Gasauslass gereinigtes Gas in unerwünschter Weise durch einen Ölauslass des Ölabscheideelements entweicht, ist weiterhin gemäß Anspruch 9 vorgesehen, dass zusätzlich zum Regelelement jeweils unmittelbar im Ölauslass des zugehörigen Ölabscheideelements ein Zusatz-Regelelement angeordnet ist, dass mittels des Zusatz-Regelelements der Ölauslassquerschnitt des Ölabscheideelements zwischen einer Offen- und Schließstellung, vorzugsweise stufenlos oder in mehreren Stufen, veränderbar ist und dass das Regelelement und das Zusatz-Regelelement miteinander gekoppelt gemeinsam verstellbar sind. Diese Kopplung von Regelelement und Zusatz-Regelelement stellt sicher, dass nur bei offenem Gasauslass auch der Ölauslass geöffnet ist und dass bei geschlossenem Gasauslass zugleich auch der Ölauslass verschlossen ist.In order to avoid in the last-described embodiment of the device, that when the gas outlet is closed, purified gas is undesired Way escapes through an oil outlet of Ölabscheideelements is further provided according to claim 9, that in addition to the control element in each case directly in the oil outlet of the associated Ölabscheideelements an additional control element is arranged, that by means of the additional control element of the Ölauslassquerschnitt the Ölabscheideelements between an open and closed position, preferably continuously or in several stages, is variable and that the control element and the additional control element coupled together are adjustable together. This coupling of control element and additional control element ensures that only with open gas outlet and the oil outlet is open and that at the same time closed with the gas outlet and the oil outlet.

In konkreter Ausgestaltung der gekoppelten Einheit aus Regelelement und Zusatz-Regelelement gemäß Anspruch 10 wird vorgeschlagen, dass das Regelelement und das Zusatz-Regelelement jeweils eine durch Gewichts- oder Federkraft in Schließrichtung vorbelastete Ventilkugel umfassen, wobei die Ventilkugel des Regelelements einen größeren Durchmesser aufweist als die Ventilkugel des Zusatz-Regelelements und wobei die beiden Ventilkugeln durch ein Koppelelement zur gemeinsamen Verstellung miteinander verbunden sind. Hierdurch wird eine gemeinsame und gleichsinnige Bewegung der Ventilkugeln und damit eine gekoppelte Verstellung von Regelelement und Zusatz-Regelelement gewährleistet. In seiner einfachsten Ausführung ist das Koppelelement eine die beiden Ventilkugeln verbindende, dünne und leichtgewichtige Stange, die mit den beiden Ventilkugeln anschaulich eine unsymmetrische Hantel bildet.In a concrete embodiment of the coupled unit of control element and additional control element according to claim 10, it is proposed that the control element and the additional control element each comprise a biased by weight or spring force in the closing direction valve ball, wherein the valve ball of the control element has a larger diameter than the Valve ball of the additional control element and wherein the two valve balls are connected by a coupling element for common adjustment. As a result, a common and same direction movement of the valve balls and thus a coupled adjustment of control element and additional control element is ensured. In its simplest embodiment, the coupling element is a thin and lightweight rod connecting the two valve balls, which clearly forms an asymmetrical dumbbell with the two valve balls.

Verschiedene Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung werden nunmehr anhand einer Zeichnung näher erläutert. Die Figuren der Zeichnung zeigen:

Figur 1
eine erste Ausführung,
Figur
2 eine zweite Ausführung,
Figur
3eine dritte Ausführung der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung, je- weils in Form eines Blockdiagramms,
Figur
4eine Ausführung der Vorrichtung mit zwei parallel geschalteten Zyklonen als Ölabscheideelemente und mit einem Regelelement, in schematischer Darstellung,
Figur
5 einen Zyklon mit vorgeschaltetem Regelelement als Teil der Vor- richtung aus Figur 6, im Querschnitt und
Figur
6einen Zyklon als Teil der Vorrichtung, im Längsschnitt.
Various embodiments of the invention will now be described with reference to a drawing. The figures of the drawing show:
FIG. 1
a first embodiment,
figure
2 a second embodiment,
figure
3 shows a third embodiment of the device according to the invention, in each case in the form of a block diagram,
figure
4 shows an embodiment of the device with two cyclones connected in parallel as oil separation elements and with a control element, in a schematic representation,
figure
5 a cyclone with upstream control element as part of the device from FIG. 6 , in cross section and
figure
Fig. 6 shows a cyclone as part of the device, in longitudinal section.

Mit Bezugnahme auf Figur 1 fließt in Pfeilrichtung ein Volumenstrom 2 der Kurbelgehäuseentlüftungsgase, der durch Leitungsverzweigung in einen Teilstrom 21 und über ein gemeinsames Regelelement 3' in bis zu drei Teilströme 22, 23, 24 aufgeteilt wird, die jeweils durch ein Ölabscheideelement 1 fließen, worauf sich die Teilströme durch entsprechende Leitungsführung wieder vereinen zu einem entölten Volumenstrom 2, der nach rechts in der Figur 1 in gewohnter Weise abgeleitet wird, z.B. in den Ansaugtrakt der zugehörigen Verbrennungskraftmaschine. Je nach der aktuellen Größe des ankommenden Volumenstroms 2 werden mehr oder weniger viele von den hier vier zur Verfügung stehenden Ölabscheideelementen 1 genutzt. Die Teilströme 21 bis 24 müssen natürlich untereinander nicht gleich sein, können es aber bei bestimmten Betriebszuständen der zugehörigen Verbrennungskraftmaschine sein.With reference to FIG. 1 flows in the direction of arrow a flow 2 of the crankcase ventilation gases, which is divided by branching into a partial stream 21 and a common control element 3 'in up to three partial streams 22, 23, 24, each flowing through an oil separator 1, whereupon the partial flows through corresponding Reconnect cable routing to a deoiled volume flow 2, which is to the right in the FIG. 1 is derived in the usual way, for example in the intake of the associated internal combustion engine. Depending on the current size of the incoming volumetric flow 2, more or less of the four oil separation elements 1 available here are used. Of course, the partial flows 21 to 24 do not have to be equal to one another, but in certain operating states they can be the associated internal combustion engine.

In Figur 2 wird ein Volumenstrom 2 durch Leitungsverzweigung in vier Teilströme 21 bis 24 aufgeteilt, wobei jeder Teilstrom 22 bis 24 durch ein Regelelement 3 fließt und danach durch ein Ölabscheideelement 1, worauf die vier entölten Teilströme 21 bis 24 wieder zusammengeführt werden.In FIG. 2 a volumetric flow 2 is divided by branching into four partial streams 21 to 24, wherein each partial flow 22 to 24 flows through a control element 3 and then through an oil separator 1, whereupon the four de-oiled streams 21 to 24 are brought together again.

Figur 3 zeigt eine Ausführung, bei der der gemeinsame Volumenstrom 2 zunächst in ein Regelelement 3 geleitet wird, worin er in zwei Teilströme aufgeteilt wird. Der eine Teilstrom fließt in der Figur 5 nach unten und dann nach rechts durch eine Umgehungsleitung 4, berührt also kein Ölabscheideelement. Der andere Teilstrom fließt durch ein Ölabscheideelement 1 und weiter zu einem nachgeschalteten Regelelement 3, wobei wiederum eine Aufteilung wie in der ersten Stufe erfolgt. Ein erster Teilstrom fließt in die Umgehungsleitung 4 und der andere Teilstrom durch ein Ölabscheideelement 1 und von dort weiter zu einem dritten Regelelement 3. Auch hier erfolgt eine Aufteilung in einen Teilstrom, der in die Umgehungsleitung 4 strömt und einen weiteren Teilstrom, der durch das dritte Ölabscheideelement 1 fließt, worauf er dann in die gemeinsame Leitung einfließt, welche den Volumenstrom 2 aufnimmt, in dem auch der Teilstrom enthalten ist, der durch die Umgehungsleitung 4 geflossen ist. FIG. 3 shows an embodiment in which the common volume flow 2 is first passed into a control element 3, wherein it is divided into two partial streams. The one partial flow flows in the FIG. 5 down and then to the right through a bypass line 4, thus touching no Ölabscheideelement. The other partial flow flows through an oil separation element 1 and on to a downstream control element 3, wherein again a division takes place as in the first stage. A first partial flow flows into the bypass line 4 and the other partial flow through a Ölabscheideelement 1 and from there to a third control element 3. Again, there is a division into a partial flow, which flows into the bypass line 4 and a further partial flow passing through the third Oil separation element 1 flows, whereupon it then flows into the common line, which receives the volume flow 2, in which also the partial flow is flowed, which has flowed through the bypass line 4.

In Figur 4 ist in schematischer Darstellung eine Ausführung der Vorrichtung dargestellt, die zwei parallel geschaltete Zyklone als Ölabscheideelemente 1 sowie ein einzelnes Regelelement 3 aufweist. Von der Rohseite, d.h. aus dem Kurbelgehäuse einer hier nicht dargestellten Verbrennungskraftmaschine, kommt ein Volumenstrom 2 aus mit Öltröpfchen belastetem Kurbelgehäusegas. Der Volumenstrom 2 wird aufgeteilt in zwei Teilströme 21, 22. Der erste Teilstrom 21 wird einem ersten, in der Figur 6 oben dargestellten Zyklon 1 durch dessen Gaseinlass 11 zugeführt. Im Inneren des Zyklons 1 erfolgt in bekannter Weise eine Trennung in Reingas und Öl, wobei das Reingas den Zyklon 1 nach oben durch einen Gasauslass 12 verlässt, während das abgeschiedene Öl durch den unten vorgesehenen Ölauslass 13 abfließt.In FIG. 4 is a schematic representation of an embodiment of the device shown, the two parallel cyclones as Ölabscheideelemente 1 and a single control element 3 has. From the raw side, ie from the crankcase of an internal combustion engine, not shown here, comes a flow 2 of oil droplets loaded crankcase gas. The volume flow 2 is divided into two partial streams 21, 22. The first partial flow 21 is a first, in the FIG. 6 Cyclone 1 shown above fed through the gas inlet 11. Inside the cyclone 1 is carried out in a known manner, a separation in clean gas and oil, the clean gas leaves the cyclone 1 up through a gas outlet 12, while the separated oil flows through the below provided oil outlet 13.

Da dem ersten Zyklon 1 kein Regelelement vorgeschaltet ist, wird dieser im Betrieb der zugehörigen Verbrennungskraftmaschine ständig von Gas durchströmt.Since the first cyclone 1 no control element is connected upstream, it is constantly traversed by gas in the operation of the associated internal combustion engine.

Der zweite Zyklon 1 wird mit dem zweiten Teilstrom 22 der Kurbelgehäuseentlüftungsgase beaufschlagt. Diesem Zyklon 1 ist das Regelelement 3 vorgeschaltet, das hier durch ein in Schließrichtung vorbelastetes Kugelventil 31 gebildet ist. Aufgrund der Vorbelastungskraft in Schließrichtung ist bei geringem Volumenstrom 2 das Regelelement 3 geschlossen; erst bei stärkerem Anstieg des Volumenstroms 2 öffnet das Ventil 31 aufgrund des steigenden Volumenstroms, hier des Teilstroms 22, z.B. durch eine von diesem auf die Ventilkugel ausgeübte Kraft. Sobald das Regelelement 3 öffnet, wird parallel zum ersten Zyklon 1 nun auch der zweite Zyklon 1, der in Figur 4 unten dargestellt ist, von einem Teilstrom des Kurbelgehäuseentlüftungsgases durchströmt. Damit arbeitet die Vorrichtung sowohl bei kleinem als auch bei großem Volumenstrom jeweils in einem günstigen Abscheide-Bereich der Zyklone 1.The second cyclone 1 is acted upon by the second partial stream 22 of the crankcase ventilation gases. This cyclone 1 is preceded by the control element 3, which is formed here by a preloaded in the closing direction ball valve 31. Due to the biasing force in the closing direction, the control element 3 is closed at low flow 2; only at a greater increase in the volume flow 2, the valve 31 opens due to the increasing volume flow, here the partial flow 22, for example by a force exerted by this on the valve ball force. As soon as the control element 3 opens, the second cyclone 1, which is in parallel to the first cyclone 1, now also opens FIG. 4 is shown below, flows through a partial flow of the crankcase ventilation gas. Thus, the device operates both at low and at high flow in each case in a favorable separation region of the cyclones. 1

Auch bei dem zweiten, unteren Zyklon 1 gelangt das zu reinigende Gas durch einen Gaseinlass 11 in den Zyklon 1 hinein. Das gereinigte Gas verlässt nach oben durch einen Gasauslass 12 den zweiten Zyklon; das abgeschiedene Öl fließt auch hier nach unten in den Ölauslass 13 und wird, zusammen mit dem im ersten oberen Zyklon 1 abgeschiedenen Öl vorzugsweise in die Ölwanne der Verbrennungskraftmaschine zurückgeführt.Also in the second, lower cyclone 1, the gas to be purified passes through a gas inlet 11 into the cyclone 1. The cleaned gas leaves the second cyclone up through a gas outlet 12; the separated oil also flows down into the oil outlet 13 and, together with the oil deposited in the first upper cyclone 1, is preferably returned to the oil sump of the internal combustion engine.

Hinter den beiden Zyklonen 1 werden die Teilströme 21, 22 wieder zu einem gemeinsamen, nun gereinigten Volumenstrom 2 zusammengeführt und abgeleitet, vorzugsweise in den Ansaugtrakt der zugehörigen Verbrennungskraftmaschine.Behind the two cyclones 1, the partial flows 21, 22 are brought together again to form a common, now cleaned volume flow 2 and discharged, preferably into the intake tract of the associated internal combustion engine.

In einer nicht dargestellten Ausführungsform münden die Ölauslässe 13 der Ölabscheideelemente 1 in einen gemeinsamen Ölsammelbehälter, der sich unmittelbar an die Ölauslässe 13 anschließt. Dabei ist der Ölsammelbehälter über ein Ventil, ein sogenanntes Rücklaufsperrventil, mit dem Kurbelgehäuse verbunden. Auf diese Weise wird vermieden, dass die Ölauslässe 13 der Ölabscheideelemente mit dem Kurbelgehäusedruck beaufschlagt werden. Zum Ablassen des gesammelten Öls öffnet das Rücklaufsperrventil zeitweise, so dass das Öl ins Kurbelgehäuse abfließen kann. Das Rücklaufsperrventil kann auch als Siphon ausgebildet sein. Um einen unerwünschten Gasstrom durch den Ölauslass 13 desjenigen Ölabscheideelements 1, dessen Gaseinlass oder Gasauslass über das Regelelement 3 verschlossen ist, zu verhindern, weist dieser Ölauslass 13 ein Zusatz-Regelelement 3" auf, das den Ölauslass 13 gegenüber dem Ölsammelbehälter absperren bzw. öffnen kann.In one embodiment, not shown, open the oil outlets 13 of the oil separation 1 in a common oil reservoir, which connects directly to the oil outlets 13. In this case, the oil collecting container via a valve, a so-called return valve, connected to the crankcase. In this way it is avoided that the oil outlets 13 of the Ölabscheideelemente be acted upon by the crankcase pressure. To drain the collected oil, the non-return valve opens temporarily, so that the oil can flow into the crankcase. The return valve can also be designed as a siphon. In order to prevent an undesirable gas flow through the oil outlet 13 of that oil separation element 1 whose gas inlet or gas outlet is closed by the control element 3, this oil outlet has 13 an additional control element 3 ", which can shut off or open the oil outlet 13 relative to the oil collecting container.

In einer weiteren nicht dargestellten Ausführungsform münden die Ölauslässe 13 von mindestens zwei parallel geschalteten Ölabscheideelementen 1 in jeweils einen eigenen Ölsammelbehälter, der jeweils über ein Rücklaufsperrventil mit dem Kurbelgehäuse verbunden ist. Hier übernehmen die Rücklaufsperrventile jeweils auch die Funktion des vorstehend genannten Zusatz-Regelelements 3".In another embodiment, not shown, open the oil outlets 13 of at least two oil separator elements 1 connected in parallel in each case a separate oil reservoir, which is connected in each case via a return valve to the crankcase. Here, the return check valves also take over the function of the aforementioned additional control element 3 ".

Figur 5 der Zeichnung zeigt im Querschnitt ein Ausführungsbeispiel für einen Zyklon 1 mit einem vorgeschalteten Regelelement 3 in Form eines Ventils 31. Das Ventil 31 ist hier als vorgefertigte Einheit in einen Rohrstutzen, der im Verlauf des Teilstroms 22 zum Gaseinlass des Zyklons 1 liegt, eingebaut, hier eingepresst. Mittels einer Feder ist eine Ventilplatte in Schließrichtung vorbelastet. Durch den Teilstrom 22 kann, sofern der Teilstrom 22 ausreichend groß wird, die Ventilplatte vom Ventilsitz gegen die Kraft der Feder abgehoben werden, so dass dann der Teilstrom 22 durch das Regelelement 3 hindurch zum Gaseinlass 11 des Zyklons 1 gelangt und danach den Zyklon 1 durchströmt. Im Zentrum des Zyklons 1 ist noch ein Teil des Gasauslasses 12 erkennbar. FIG. 5 The drawing shows in cross section an embodiment of a cyclone 1 with an upstream control element 3 in the form of a valve 31. The valve 31 is here as a prefabricated unit in a pipe socket, which is in the course of the partial flow 22 to the gas inlet of the cyclone 1, installed, here pressed. By means of a spring, a valve plate is biased in the closing direction. By the partial flow 22 can, if the partial flow 22 is sufficiently large, the valve plate are lifted from the valve seat against the force of the spring, so that then the partial flow 22 passes through the control element 3 through the gas inlet 11 of the cyclone 1 and then flows through the cyclone 1 , In the center of the cyclone 1 is still a part of the gas outlet 12 can be seen.

Figur 6 der Zeichnung schließlich zeigt ein Beispiel für einen Zyklon 1 als Ölabscheideelement, bei dem ein Regelelement 3 im Gasauslass 12 sowie ein Zusatz-Regelelement 3" im Ölauslass vorgesehen ist. Das zu reinigende Gas tritt durch den links oben am Zyklon 1 liegenden Gaseinlass 11 in das Innere des Zyklons 1 ein und wird in diesem in eine rotierende Strömung versetzt. Die Öltröpfchen lagern sich aufgrund der Zentrifugalkraft an der inneren Oberfläche des Zyklons 1 ab und strömen nach unten in Richtung zum Ölauslass 13. Das von den Öltröpfchen befreite, gereinigte Gas strömt im Zentrum des Zyklons 1 nach oben durch ein zentrales Tauchrohr 12' in Richtung zum Gasauslass 12. FIG. 6 Finally, the drawing shows an example of a cyclone 1 as an oil separation element, in which a control element 3 is provided in the gas outlet 12 and an additional control element 3 "in the oil outlet The gas to be cleaned passes through the gas inlet 11 located at the top left of the cyclone 1 Inside of the cyclone 1 and is set in a rotating flow in the oil droplets are deposited due to the centrifugal force on the inner surface of the cyclone 1 and flow down towards the oil outlet 13. The cleaned of the oil droplets, purified gas flows in Center of the cyclone 1 up through a central dip tube 12 'in the direction of the gas outlet 12th

Das Regelelement 3 im Gasauslass 12 ist hier durch eine Ventilkugel 32 gebildet, die auf einem am oberen Ende des Tauchrohrs 12' angeformten ringförmigen Ventilsitz aufliegt. Im Bereich unmittelbar oberhalb des Ölauslasses 13 ist eine zweite Ventilkugel 33 angeordnet, die in ihrer unteren Lage den Ölauslass 13 verschließt, wie dies in Figur 6 dargestellt ist. Die Ventilkugel 32 des Regelelements 3 und die Ventilkugel 33 des Zusatz-Regelelements 3" sind über ein Koppelelement 34, hier eine geradlinig verlaufende dünne und leichte Stange, mechanisch miteinander verbunden, so dass sie jede Bewegung in Vertikalrichtung gemeinsam ausführen.The control element 3 in the gas outlet 12 is formed here by a valve ball 32, which rests on an integrally formed on the upper end of the dip tube 12 'annular valve seat. In the area immediately above the oil outlet 13, a second valve ball 33 is arranged, which closes the oil outlet 13 in its lower position, as in FIG. 6 is shown. The valve ball 32 of the control element 3 and the valve ball 33 of the additional control element 3 "are mechanically connected to each other via a coupling element 34, here a straight thin and light rod, so that they perform each movement in the vertical direction together.

In dem hier gezeigten Zustand, in welchem sich die beiden Ventilkugeln 32, 33 in ihrer Schließstellung befinden, findet kein Gasdurchsatz durch den Zyklon 1 statt.In the state shown here, in which the two valve balls 32, 33 are in their closed position, no gas throughput takes place through the cyclone 1.

Sobald ein ausreichend großer Volumenstrom am Gaseinlass 11 des Zyklons 1 anfällt, wird mittels des dadurch hervorgerufenen Differenzdrucks zwischen dem Inneren des Zyklons 1 und dem Bereich des Gasauslasses 12 oberhalb der Ventilkugel 32 diese nach oben hin angehoben. Hierdurch wird der Gasauslass 12 für eine Durchströmung durch das gereinigte Gas geöffnet. Durch die Bewegung der Ventilkugel 32 nach oben wird die untere Ventilkugeln 33 um den gleichen Weg ebenfalls nach oben bewegt, wodurch der am unteren Ende des Zyklons 1 befindliche Ölauslass 13 ebenfalls geöffnet wird. Abgeschiedenes Öl kann also durch den Ölauslass nach unten abströmen.As soon as a sufficiently large volumetric flow rate is obtained at the gas inlet 11 of the cyclone 1, the differential pressure between the interior of the cyclone 1 and the region of the gas outlet 12 above the valve ball 32 causes it to rise upwards. As a result, the gas outlet 12 is opened for a flow through the purified gas. By the movement of the valve ball 32 upwards, the lower valve balls 33 is also moved upwards by the same path, whereby the oil outlet 13 located at the lower end of the cyclone 1 is also opened. Separated oil can therefore flow down through the oil outlet.

Damit die Druckdifferenz auch das gewünschte Anheben der Ventilkugeln 32, 33 bewirken kann, ist die obere Ventilkugel 32 mit einem größeren Durchmesser ausgeführt als die untere Ventilkugel 33. Bei gleicher Druckdifferenz zwischen dem Inneren des Zyklons einerseits und den außerhalb der Ventilkugeln 32, 33 liegenden Bereichen des Zyklons ergibt sich so immer eine resultierende, nach oben gerichtete Kraft, die das Öffnen der Regelelemente 3 und 3" bewirkt.So that the pressure difference can also cause the desired lifting of the valve balls 32, 33, the upper valve ball 32 is designed with a larger diameter than the lower valve ball 33. At the same pressure difference between the interior of the cyclone on the one hand and the areas outside of the valve balls 32, 33 of the cyclone thus always results in a resulting, upward force, which causes the opening of the control elements 3 and 3 ".

Claims (10)

  1. Apparatus for deoiling crankcase ventilation gases of a combustion engine with the following features:
    a) at least two oil separator elements in the form of cyclones (1), through which the crank case ventilation gases can flow, whereby oil droplets contained in the crank case ventilation gases are separable in the cyclones (1), and whereby each cyclone (1) is provided with a gas inlet (11), a gas outlet (12) and an oil outlet (13),
    b) means for splitting the volume flow (2) of the crank case ventilation gases into at least two partial volume flows (21, 22, 23, 24), whereby the previously mentioned means are followed by the at least two cyclones (1),
    c) at least one control element (3, 3') that controls at least one of the partial flows (21, 22, 23, 24) in relation to the magnitude of the incoming volume flow (2),
    d) the at least one control element (3) is a passive element that can be actuated directly via the volume flow (2, 21-24) or via a force exerted by this volume flow,
    e) to a first cyclone (1), no control element is dedicated, so that the first cyclone (1) is continuously flown through by the crank case ventilation gases during the operation of the combustion engine,
    f) the at least one control element (3) is closed for a low volume flow and opens for an increasing volume flow, and
    g) the oil outlets (13) of the cyclones (1) discharge into a common oil collecting container following directly the oil outlets (13) and which is connected to a crank case of the combustion engine by means of a non-return valve or a siphon.
  2. Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the at least two following cyclones (1) are arranged parallel, and in that the cyclones (i) are connected upstream by a common control element (3') splitting the volume flow (2) of the crank case ventilation gases into the at least two partial volume flows (21 to 24) in relation to its magnitude and leads the at least two partial volume flows (21 to 24) to the at least two cyclones (1).
  3. Apparatus according to claim 2, characterized in that the oil outlet of at least one cyclone (1) is provided with an additional control element (3") changing the cross section of the oil outlet into the direction of the oil collecting container from an open to a closed position, preferably continuously or in several steps.
  4. Apparatus for deoiling crank case ventilation gases of a combustion engine with the following features:
    a) at least two oil separating elements in the form of cyclones (1) which can be flown through by crank case ventilation gases, whereby the oil droplets contained in the crank case ventilation gases are precipitatable, and whereby each cyclone (1) is provided with a gas inlet (11), a gas outlet (12) and an oil outlet (13),
    b) means for splitting the volume flow (2) of the crank case ventilation gases into at least two partial volume flows (21, 22, 23, 24), whereby the previously mentioned means are followed by the at least two cyclones (1),
    c) at least one control element (3, 3') controlling at least one of the partial volume flows (21, 22, 23, 24) in relation to the magnitude of the incoming volume flow (2),
    d) the at least two following cyclones (1) are connected in series, and
    e) the cyclones (1) are connected upstream with one control element (3), respectively, whereby each control element (3) splits the volume flow into two partial flows in relation to the incoming volume flow, whereby always one of the partial flows flows to the cyclone (1) following the control element (3) and whereby the other partial flow flows into a bypass line (4) bypassing the following cyclone (1).
  5. Apparatus according to claim 4, characterized in that the oil outlets (13) of the cyclones (1) discharge into a common oil collecting container following directly the oil outlets (13), and which is connected with a crank case of the combustion engine via a non-return valve or a siphon.
  6. Apparatus according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that the at least one control element (3) is a passive element that can be actuated directly via the volume flow (2, 21-24) or via a force exerted by this volume flow.
  7. Apparatus according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the control element (3) is always arranged directly in the gas inlet (11) of the respective cyclone (1) and in that the inlet cross section of the cyclone (1) can be changed by the control element (3) between an open and a closed position, preferably continuously or in several steps.
  8. Apparatus according to one of the claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the control element (3) is always arranged directly in the gas outlet (12) of the respective cyclone (1) and in that the cross section of the gas outlet of the cyclone (1) is changeable by the control element (3) between an open and a closed position, preferably continuously or in several steps.
  9. Apparatus according to claim 8, characterized in that additionally to the control element (3) always directly in the oil outlet (13) of the respective cyclone, an additional control element (3") is arranged, and in that the cross section of the oil outlet of the cyclone (1) can be changed by the additional control element (3") between an open and a closed position, preferably continuously or in several steps, and in that the control element (3) and the additional control element (3") are coupled to each other and together adjustable.
  10. Apparatus according to claim 9, characterized in that the control element (3) and the additional control element (3") comprise each a valve ball (32, 33) that is preloaded in a closing direction by a weight or spring force, wherein the diameter of the valve ball (32) of the control element (3) is larger than the diameter of the valve ball (33) of the additional control element (3"), and whereby the two valve balls (32, 33) are connected to one another by means of a coupling element (34) permitting their joint adjustment.
EP00929385A 1999-04-22 2000-04-19 Method for removing oil from crankcase ventilation gases and devices for implementing said method Expired - Lifetime EP1090210B2 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

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DE19918311 1999-04-22
DE19918311A DE19918311A1 (en) 1999-04-22 1999-04-22 Process for de-oiling crankcase ventilation gases and devices for carrying out the process
PCT/EP2000/003549 WO2000065206A1 (en) 1999-04-22 2000-04-19 Method for removing oil from crankcase ventilation gases and devices for implementing said method

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EP1090210B1 EP1090210B1 (en) 2003-09-17
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EP (1) EP1090210B2 (en)
JP (1) JP4033633B2 (en)
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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP1090210B1 (en) 2003-09-17
BR0006995A (en) 2005-04-12
DE19918311A1 (en) 2000-11-02
DE50003709D1 (en) 2003-10-23
WO2000065206A9 (en) 2001-03-15
JP4033633B2 (en) 2008-01-16
WO2000065206A1 (en) 2000-11-02
JP2002543321A (en) 2002-12-17
EP1090210A1 (en) 2001-04-11
US6684864B1 (en) 2004-02-03

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