EP1641577A1 - Method for the production of a rim hole in hollow profiles - Google Patents

Method for the production of a rim hole in hollow profiles

Info

Publication number
EP1641577A1
EP1641577A1 EP04763050A EP04763050A EP1641577A1 EP 1641577 A1 EP1641577 A1 EP 1641577A1 EP 04763050 A EP04763050 A EP 04763050A EP 04763050 A EP04763050 A EP 04763050A EP 1641577 A1 EP1641577 A1 EP 1641577A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
hollow profile
hole
section
passage
drawn
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP04763050A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Stephan Kuschel
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Mercedes Benz Group AG
Original Assignee
DaimlerChrysler AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by DaimlerChrysler AG filed Critical DaimlerChrysler AG
Publication of EP1641577A1 publication Critical patent/EP1641577A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D39/00—Application of procedures in order to connect objects or parts, e.g. coating with sheet metal otherwise than by plating; Tube expanders
    • B21D39/04—Application of procedures in order to connect objects or parts, e.g. coating with sheet metal otherwise than by plating; Tube expanders of tubes with tubes; of tubes with rods
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D39/00—Application of procedures in order to connect objects or parts, e.g. coating with sheet metal otherwise than by plating; Tube expanders
    • B21D39/04—Application of procedures in order to connect objects or parts, e.g. coating with sheet metal otherwise than by plating; Tube expanders of tubes with tubes; of tubes with rods
    • B21D39/044—Application of procedures in order to connect objects or parts, e.g. coating with sheet metal otherwise than by plating; Tube expanders of tubes with tubes; of tubes with rods perpendicular
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
    • B60G2206/00—Indexing codes related to the manufacturing of suspensions: constructional features, the materials used, procedures or tools
    • B60G2206/01—Constructional features of suspension elements, e.g. arms, dampers, springs
    • B60G2206/012—Hollow or tubular elements
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
    • B60G2206/00—Indexing codes related to the manufacturing of suspensions: constructional features, the materials used, procedures or tools
    • B60G2206/01—Constructional features of suspension elements, e.g. arms, dampers, springs
    • B60G2206/10—Constructional features of arms
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
    • B60G2206/00—Indexing codes related to the manufacturing of suspensions: constructional features, the materials used, procedures or tools
    • B60G2206/01—Constructional features of suspension elements, e.g. arms, dampers, springs
    • B60G2206/10—Constructional features of arms
    • B60G2206/11—Constructional features of arms the arm being a radius or track or torque or steering rod or stabiliser end link
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
    • B60G2206/00—Indexing codes related to the manufacturing of suspensions: constructional features, the materials used, procedures or tools
    • B60G2206/01—Constructional features of suspension elements, e.g. arms, dampers, springs
    • B60G2206/60—Subframe construction
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
    • B60G2206/00—Indexing codes related to the manufacturing of suspensions: constructional features, the materials used, procedures or tools
    • B60G2206/01—Constructional features of suspension elements, e.g. arms, dampers, springs
    • B60G2206/80—Manufacturing procedures
    • B60G2206/81—Shaping
    • B60G2206/8102—Shaping by stamping
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/49616—Structural member making
    • Y10T29/49623—Static structure, e.g., a building component
    • Y10T29/49631—Columnar member
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/49826—Assembling or joining
    • Y10T29/49908—Joining by deforming
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/49826—Assembling or joining
    • Y10T29/49908—Joining by deforming
    • Y10T29/49915—Overedge assembling of seated part
    • Y10T29/49917—Overedge assembling of seated part by necking in cup or tube wall
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/49826—Assembling or joining
    • Y10T29/49908—Joining by deforming
    • Y10T29/49925—Inward deformation of aperture or hollow body wall
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/49826—Assembling or joining
    • Y10T29/49908—Joining by deforming
    • Y10T29/49925—Inward deformation of aperture or hollow body wall
    • Y10T29/49927—Hollow body is axially joined cup or tube
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/49826—Assembling or joining
    • Y10T29/49947—Assembling or joining by applying separate fastener
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T403/00—Joints and connections
    • Y10T403/49—Member deformed in situ
    • Y10T403/4966—Deformation occurs simultaneously with assembly

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for producing a passage on hollow profiles according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • a generic method is known from DE 43 22 632 AI.
  • the hollow profile is used as a vehicle strut for the storage of axles, wheel suspensions or the like and is deformed in a first step by hydroforming into an outer contour corresponding to the load requirements.
  • centering holes are made at the ends of the hollow profile, which are to have a bearing seat for receiving rubber bearings, and a spacer in the form of a tube piece is inserted centrally in the hollow profile.
  • a flow drill is inserted into the centering bores of the end regions, which forms a passage on the hollow profile during operation, which extends within the pipe section.
  • the passage forms the bearing seat.
  • the flow drilling method has the prerequisite that there must be a certain ratio between the wall thickness of the hollow profile and the diameter of the passage to be produced. This means that the wall thickness of the hollow profile must be particularly large in relation to the diameter. This is usually not possible in the application of automobile construction, because the need to save weight leads to increasingly thin sheets. Furthermore, due to the process, the wall thickness of the draft decreases to almost zero during flow drilling in the direction of loading. This has a disadvantageous effect on the strength or rigidity properties of the bearing to be produced, despite the inserted spacer mentioned.
  • the invention has for its object to develop a generic method in such a way that a passage of hollow profiles is made possible in a relatively simple manner, which meets high rigidity requirements even with a small wall thickness of the hollow profile.
  • the invention only the punching out of two opposing holes and the bending of at least one of the hole edges, which are drawn into the interior of the hollow profile and thus form the rough contour of the passage to be produced, are required to produce the passage.
  • a piece of pipe is inserted into the interior of the hollow profile from the open end of the hollow profile and placed at the location of the passage to be created.
  • the inside of the pipe section serves at least as a template for the desired contour of the passage, and when the hole edges are drawn in, they are pressed against the inside of the pipe section, as a result of which they acquire this contour.
  • the tubular design of the pull-through has, in addition to the already rigid tube shape, a particularly high rigidity, through which the pull-through can also take higher measurements without being damaged. mechanical loads, for which sufficient rigidity and strength is essential. This is further promoted by the fact that the pipe section remains in the hollow profile.
  • the manufacture of the pull-through is not limited to a special ratio of the diameter to the length of the pull-through, so that pull-throughs of almost any dimensions can advantageously be formed. As a result of the uniformity of the wall thickness of the hollow profile, smaller wall thicknesses can also be selected when the hollow profile is formed, while maintaining sufficient rigidity in the area of the passage.
  • the method according to the invention has an advantageous effect on painting the component, ie the hollow profile, since the surface of the passage is relatively regular and the paint can thus adhere to it.
  • this advantageously means that there are no corrosion problems, as is the case, for example, with the flow drilling method.
  • the hollow profile is perforated with the interaction of a perforated die inserted into the hollow profile and two opposing punches, between which the hollow profile lies.
  • the holes being formed by punching dies which press the hollow profile against the internal high pressure prevailing in the hollow profile, which acts as depressing or depressing support pressure.
  • the hollow profile is shaped as required in the same tool, which results in an extremely compact manufacturing system in terms of equipment by integrating the punch into the internal high-pressure forming tool.
  • a further preferred embodiment of the invention according to claim 4 relates to the fact that the pulling-in process takes place by means of a follow-up contour of the punch which follows a cutting edge formed on the end face of the punch.
  • a further preferred development of the invention is the content of claim 5.
  • the pipe section can be made of bronze or plastic, which means that it can also take on the function of a plain bearing.
  • the pipe section In order to hold the pipe section, there is no need for a large wall thickness of the hollow profile, as a result of which it can be reduced to such an extent that the drawn-in hollow profile material has at best a low rigidity and strength for the passage.
  • the pipe section which is relatively thick-walled, provides these properties instead.
  • the pipe section can also be made of a light metal or a steel material, as a result of which it can also be shaped by means of the internal high-pressure forming process.
  • the hollow profile material is drawn in such that it engages behind undercut surfaces of the recess in the pipe section. This not only achieves a frictional connection between the hollow profile and the inserted pipe section, as can be seen in the previous embodiment of the invention according to claim 5, but also achieves a positive fit due to the clawing behind the undercut surfaces of the recess in the pipe section that the pipe section is held particularly securely in the hollow profile.
  • the hollow profile is perforated to form holes of the same size. As a result of the formation of holes of the same size, a uniform process control during the punching and especially during the drawing-in process is ensured.
  • the hollow profile is perforated to form holes of different sizes.
  • the larger hole is dimensioned such that the edge of the hole is flush with the inside of the pipe section.
  • the hollow profile material is drawn in only on the side of the smaller hole, the hole diameter and the hollow profile section carrying the hollow profile material being dimensioned such that, after being drawn in, it extends at least over the entire length of the pipe section. On the one hand, this shortens the manufacturing process, since hollow profile material only has to be drawn in from one side, while only the hole is formed on the other side.
  • FIG. 5 shows, in a lateral longitudinal section, sections of a hollow profile drawn in and perforated on both sides with, with the formation of a passage of a method according to the invention into a cutout of a tubular piece arranged in the hollow profile, drawn-in hole edges,
  • FIG. 6 in a lateral longitudinal section in sections an inventive perforated and drawn in at the edges of the hollow profile in a positive connection with a pipe section arranged in the hollow profile.
  • FIG. 1 shows the first working phase of producing a pull-through on a hollow profile 1, which consists of a steel material or a light metal and can be formed by means of an internal high-pressure forming process.
  • the hollow profile produced in this way can preferably be a strut with a bearing bush in automobile construction, in particular a tension or compression strut in the chassis area.
  • a perforated die 3 is pushed into an open end 2 of the hollow profile 1 and arranged at the location of the passage to be produced.
  • the punch die 3 has a through hole 4 which is cylindrical.
  • the openings 5 of the through hole 4 are opposite the end faces 6 of two punches 7, which are arranged outside the hollow profile 1.
  • the end faces 6 of the punch 7 provided with a cutting edge 19 are dimensioned in their shape and in such a way that they can dip into the through bore 4 of the punch die 3 with little play when the hollow profile 1 is punched.
  • a cylindrical sleeve-shaped tube piece 9 is now inserted into the hollow profile end 2 and is placed in the hollow profile 1 so that it coaxially surrounds the location of the passage 20 to be produced, the axis 10 of the tube piece 9 being identical to the hole axis of the two holes 8 is.
  • the pipe section 9, which can for example consist of plastic, steel or a light metal and possibly also bronze, has an inner diameter that significantly exceeds the hole diameter.
  • the perforated hollow profile 1 is arranged by two retraction punches 13, which can be moved coaxially to the tubular piece axis 10 are acted upon from the outside.
  • the insertion punches 13 dip into the respective hole 8 with a centrally located, cylindrical, short extension 14, which is formed on the respective insertion punches 13 for centering purposes, after which, when the insertion punches 13 move further into the hollow profile interior 17, the hollow profile section 18 by means of a the concave retraction contour 15 of the punch 13 adjoining the extension 14 on the back is displaced until it lies flat against the inside 16 of the tube piece 9 and is pressed there.
  • the hollow profile material of the hollow profile section 18 thus drawn into the hollow profile interior 17 fixes the pipe piece 9 in the hollow profile 1 without rattling due to the frictional connection between the inside 16 of the pipe piece 19 and the hollow profile section 18. Secondly, the drawn in hollow profile section 18 forms the desired passage 20th
  • the drawing-in contour 15 of the drawing-in punch 13 can also be formed by a subsequent contour of the punch 7 following the cutting edge 19. However, it is necessary in the course of the manufacturing process to withdraw the punch 7 somewhat after the punching so that the tube piece 9 can be pushed into the hollow profile end 2 and placed accordingly. The punch 7 then moves into the hole 8 and pulls in the hollow profile material of the hollow profile section 18 as before. It should also be noted here that the hollow profile material is supported on the pipe section 9 during the pulling-in process, so that the hollow profile 1 does not can come up with. After completion of the pulling-in process, the punches 13 and 7 are pulled out of the hollow profile 1. The pipe section 9, which has generated the supporting effect and is now held by the resulting passage 20, remains permanently in the hollow profile 1.
  • the resulting passage 20 also has a particularly high strength and rigidity against mechanical loads due to its one-piece construction with the hollow profile 1.
  • the hole size of the holes 8 produced is designed in such a way that the retractable hollow profile material of the hollow profile section 18 in the periphery of these holes 8 together measures at most the length of the pipe piece 9 that can be applied, since otherwise the Hollow profile 1 overlap the hollow profile sections 18 on both sides in the hollow profile interior 17, which drastically restricts the possibility of using the passage 20 formed or may not be used in a landing gear strut.
  • the retracted hollow profile material would protrude on the other side of the pipe section 9, which is also not desired in many applications.
  • the passage 20 that can be seen in FIG. 3 is such that the hollow profile sections 18 drawn in on both sides come to rest with their end edges 21 approximately in the middle of the pipe section 9.
  • the passage 20 mentioned is the result of the method steps from FIGS. 1 and 2, the hollow profile 1 being perforated in such a way that holes 8 of equal size which are opposite on both sides were created.
  • the punching of holes 8 of different sizes is conceivable, in which case the end edges 21 of the hollow profile sections 18 come to lie eccentrically when the hollow profile material is drawn in, the formation of holes 8 of equal size is advantageous in that the hole die 3 can be designed relatively simply , because the through hole 4 is simply cylindrical can be formed without an expansion of the bore 4 would be necessary.
  • a variant of the passage 20 can be seen in Figure 4.
  • the hollow profile 1 is perforated on one side in such a way that the edge of the hole 22 is flush with the inside 16 of the pipe section 9.
  • a hole 8 is produced on the opposite side of the hollow profile 1, the dimensions of which are considerably smaller. From this side, the hollow profile material of the hollow profile section 23 located between the hole edge of the small hole and the inside 16 of the tube piece 9 is now drawn into the hollow profile interior 24.
  • a passage 26 is formed which extends over the entire length of the pipe section 9 extends, whereby this is completely enclosed on the inside 16.
  • FIG. 5 Another variant of the invention is shown in FIG. 5.
  • the pipe section 9 has an annular circumferential recess 27 which is open to the end face 28 of the pipe section 9.
  • the length of the corresponding hollow profile section 29 is dimensioned such that the hollow profile material is only drawn into the recess 27 of the pipe section 9 and pressed there.
  • the resulting passage 30 is essentially formed by the section 31 of the inside 16 of the pipe section 9 that has not been left free.
  • FIG. 6 shows a variant of the type of passage 30 from the previous exemplary embodiment.
  • the recess 27 here also has an annular groove 32, the flanks of which form undercut surfaces 33.
  • the passage 34 created here differs only slightly in shape from the passage 30.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Forging (AREA)
  • Punching Or Piercing (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for producing a rim hole (20, 26, 30) in hollow profiles (1), wherein a tubular piece (9) in pushed into the hollow profile (1) and is placed therein in such a way that it coaxially encompasses the spot of the rim hole (20, 26, 30) to be produced. The hollow profile (1) is then impinged upon from the outside towards the inside in said spot by means of a tool thus forming the rim hole (20, 26, 30). In order to make it possible to produce a rim hole (20, 26, 30) in hollow profiles (1) in a relatively easy manner, wherein said rim hole complies with high rigidity requirements even if the wall thickness of the hollow profile (1) is small, two opposite holes (8) are initially punched out from the hollow profile (1), at least one of said holes having a diameter that is smaller than the diameter of the rim hole (20, 26, 30) to be produced. The tubular piece (9) is then inserted into the interior (17) of the hollow profile so that it comes to rest coaxially in relation to the common axis (10) of the holes (8). The hollow profile material of the hollow profile section (18, 23, 29) located between the edge (12) of the hole and the inner side (16) of the tubular piece (9) is drawn in until it rests flatly on the inner side (16) of the tubular piece (9) in the interior (17) of the hollow profile using at least one punching tool (7, 13).

Description

Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Durchzuges an Hohlprofilen Process for producing a passage on hollow profiles
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Durchzuges an Hohlprofilen gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Patentanspruches 1.The invention relates to a method for producing a passage on hollow profiles according to the preamble of claim 1.
Ein gattungsgemäßes Verfahren ist aus der DE 43 22 632 AI bekannt. Hierbei wird das Hohlprofil als Fahrzeugstrebe für die Lagerung von Achsen, Radaufhängungen oder dgl. verwandt und in einem ersten Schritt durch Hydroformen in eine den Belastungsanforderungen entsprechende Außenkontur verformt. Anschließend wird in einem zweiten Schritt an den Enden des Hohlprofils, die einen Lagersitz zur Aufnahme von Gummilagern aufweisen sollen, Zentrierbohrungen eingebracht und zentrisch zu diesen in das Hohlprofil ein Distanzteil in Form eines Rohrstückes eingelegt. Abschließend wird in die Zentrierbohrungen der Endbereiche ein Fließbohrer eingesetzt, der im Betrieb einen Durchzug am Hohlprofil ausbildet, der sich innerhalb des Rohrstückes erstreckt. Der Durchzug bildet dabei den Lagersitz. Das Fließbohrverfahren hat jedoch zur Voraussetzung, dass ein bestimmtes Verhältnis zwischen der Wanddicke des Hohlprofiles zum zu erzeugenden Durchmesser des Durchzuges gegeben sein muss. Das heißt, dass die Wandstärke des Hohlprofiles im Verhältnis zum Durchmesser besonders groß zu sein hat. Dies ist im Anwendungsfall des Automobilbaus zumeist nicht einzuhalten, da der Zwang zur Gewichtseinsparung zu immer dünneren Blechen führt . Des Weiteren nimmt verfahrensbedingt die Wanddicke des Durchzuges beim Fließbohren in Beaufschlagungsrichtung bis auf nahezu Null ab. Dies wirkt sich nachteilig auf die Festigkeits- bzw. Steifigkeitseigen- schaften des zu erzeugenden Lagers trotz des erwähnten eingefügten Distanzteils aus.A generic method is known from DE 43 22 632 AI. Here, the hollow profile is used as a vehicle strut for the storage of axles, wheel suspensions or the like and is deformed in a first step by hydroforming into an outer contour corresponding to the load requirements. Then, in a second step, centering holes are made at the ends of the hollow profile, which are to have a bearing seat for receiving rubber bearings, and a spacer in the form of a tube piece is inserted centrally in the hollow profile. Finally, a flow drill is inserted into the centering bores of the end regions, which forms a passage on the hollow profile during operation, which extends within the pipe section. The passage forms the bearing seat. However, the flow drilling method has the prerequisite that there must be a certain ratio between the wall thickness of the hollow profile and the diameter of the passage to be produced. This means that the wall thickness of the hollow profile must be particularly large in relation to the diameter. This is usually not possible in the application of automobile construction, because the need to save weight leads to increasingly thin sheets. Furthermore, due to the process, the wall thickness of the draft decreases to almost zero during flow drilling in the direction of loading. This has a disadvantageous effect on the strength or rigidity properties of the bearing to be produced, despite the inserted spacer mentioned.
Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein gattungsgemäßes Verfahren dahingehend weiterzubilden, dass in relativ einfacher Weise ein Durchzug an Hohlprofilen ermöglicht wird, der auch bei geringer Wandstärke des Hohlprofils hohen Steifigkeitsanspruchen genügt.The invention has for its object to develop a generic method in such a way that a passage of hollow profiles is made possible in a relatively simple manner, which meets high rigidity requirements even with a small wall thickness of the hollow profile.
Die Aufgabe ist erfindungsgemäß durch die Merkmale des Patentanspruches 1 gelöst .The object is achieved by the features of claim 1.
Dank der Erfindung ist zur Erzeugung des Durchzuges lediglich die Ausstanzung zweier gegenüberliegender Löcher und die Um- biegung zumindest eines der Lochränder erforderlich, die dabei in das Hohlprofilinnere eingezogen werden und somit die Grobkontur des zu erzeugenden Durchzuges ausbilden. Um die gewünschte exakte Kontur des Durchzuges zu erreichen, wird vor dem Einziehen vom offenen Ende des Hohlprofiles her ein Rohrstück in das Hohlprofilinnere eingeführt und an der Stelle des zu erzeugenden Durchzuges platziert. Die Innenseite des Rohrstücks dient dabei zumindest als Vorlage für die gewünschte Kontur des Durchzuges, wobei beim Einziehen der Lochränder diese gegen die Innenseite des Rohrstückes ge- presst werden, wodurch sie ebendiese Kontur erlangen. Dadurch, dass die Lochränder beim Umbiegen in das Hohlprofilinnere keiner Wanddickenveränderung unterliegen, besitzt die rohrförmige Ausbildung des Durchzuges zusätzlich zur an sich schon steifen Rohrform eine besonders hohe Steifigkeit, durch welche der Durchzug ohne Schaden zu nehmen auch höheren me- chanischen Belastungen gerecht wird, für die eine ausreichende Steifigkeit und Festigkeit unabdingbar ist. Dies wird noch zusätzlich durch den Verbleib des Rohrstückes im Hohlprofil gefördert. Im Gegensatz zum Fließbohren ist man bei der Herstellung des Durchzuges nicht auf ein spezielles Verhältnis von Durchmesser zu Länge des Durchzuges festgelegt, so dass in vorteilhafter Weise Durchzüge nahezu beliebiger Abmessungen ausgebildet werden können. Infolge der Gleichmäßigkeit der Wandstärke des Hohlprofils können bei der Ausbildung des Hohlprofils auch geringere Wandstärken gewählt werden, bei Behaltung ausreichender Steifigkeit im Bereich des Durchzuges. Dies trägt zur Gewichtsreduzierung des entsprechenden Bauteiles und bei Einsatz des Bauteiles im Kraftfahrzeug zu dessen Gewichtsreduzierung bei . Weiterhin wirkt sich das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren vorteilig für eine Lackierung des Bauteils, d. h. des Hohlprofils aus, da die Oberfläche des Durchzuges relativ regelmäßig ist und somit der Lack auf dieser haften kann. Bei der Verwendung von Stahl für die Ausbildung des Hohlprofiles treten dadurch günstigerweise keine Korrosionsprobleme auf, wie dies beispielsweise das Fließbohrverfahren mit sich bringt .Thanks to the invention, only the punching out of two opposing holes and the bending of at least one of the hole edges, which are drawn into the interior of the hollow profile and thus form the rough contour of the passage to be produced, are required to produce the passage. In order to achieve the desired exact contour of the passage, a piece of pipe is inserted into the interior of the hollow profile from the open end of the hollow profile and placed at the location of the passage to be created. The inside of the pipe section serves at least as a template for the desired contour of the passage, and when the hole edges are drawn in, they are pressed against the inside of the pipe section, as a result of which they acquire this contour. Because the edges of the holes are not subject to any change in wall thickness when they are bent into the hollow profile interior, the tubular design of the pull-through has, in addition to the already rigid tube shape, a particularly high rigidity, through which the pull-through can also take higher measurements without being damaged. mechanical loads, for which sufficient rigidity and strength is essential. This is further promoted by the fact that the pipe section remains in the hollow profile. In contrast to flow drilling, the manufacture of the pull-through is not limited to a special ratio of the diameter to the length of the pull-through, so that pull-throughs of almost any dimensions can advantageously be formed. As a result of the uniformity of the wall thickness of the hollow profile, smaller wall thicknesses can also be selected when the hollow profile is formed, while maintaining sufficient rigidity in the area of the passage. This contributes to the weight reduction of the corresponding component and, when the component is used in the motor vehicle, to its weight reduction. Furthermore, the method according to the invention has an advantageous effect on painting the component, ie the hollow profile, since the surface of the passage is relatively regular and the paint can thus adhere to it. When steel is used to form the hollow profile, this advantageously means that there are no corrosion problems, as is the case, for example, with the flow drilling method.
In einer bevorzugten Weiterbildung der Erfindung nach Anspruch 2 wird das Hohlprofil unter Zusammenwirkung einer in das Hohlprofil eingeschobenen Lochmatrize und zweier gegenüberliegender Lochstempel, zwischen denen das Hohlprofil liegt, gelocht. Dadurch wird in mechanisch einfacher Weise die Ausbildung von Löchern mit hochpräzisem Lochbild und gleichmäßigem Verlauf des Lochrandes ermöglicht, was die Gleichmäßigkeit des nachfolgenden Einziehvorgangs gewährleistet und somit der Prozesssicherheit der Herstellung des gewünschten Durchzuges zuträglich ist. In einer weiteren, besonders bevorzugten Weiterbildung der Erfindung nach Anspruch 3 wird das Hohlprofil mittels des In- nenhochdruckumformverfahrens ausgebildet und in dem dazu benötigten Innenhochdruckumformwerkzeug gelocht. Auch hier erhält man ein hochpräzises Lochbild, wobei die Löcher durch Lochstempel ausgebildet werden, die das Hohlprofil entgegen dem im Hohlprofil herrschenden Innenhochdruck, der als Ein- senkungen oder Einfallungen unterdrückender Stützdruck fungiert, schneidend beaufschlagen. In verfahrensökonomischer Weise wird im gleichen Werkzeug das Hohlprofil bedarfsgerecht ausgeformt, wodurch sich durch die Integrierung der Lochstempel in das Innenhochdruckumformwerkzeug eine apparativ überaus kompakte Herstellungsanlage ergibt.In a preferred development of the invention according to claim 2, the hollow profile is perforated with the interaction of a perforated die inserted into the hollow profile and two opposing punches, between which the hollow profile lies. As a result, the formation of holes with a highly precise hole pattern and a uniform course of the hole edge is made possible in a mechanically simple manner, which ensures the uniformity of the subsequent drawing-in process and is thus beneficial to the process reliability of the production of the desired passage. In a further, particularly preferred development of the invention according to claim 3, the hollow profile is formed by means of the internal high pressure forming method and perforated in the internal high pressure forming tool required for this. Here too, a highly precise hole pattern is obtained, the holes being formed by punching dies which press the hollow profile against the internal high pressure prevailing in the hollow profile, which acts as depressing or depressing support pressure. In a process-economical manner, the hollow profile is shaped as required in the same tool, which results in an extremely compact manufacturing system in terms of equipment by integrating the punch into the internal high-pressure forming tool.
Eine weitere bevorzugte Ausgestaltung der Erfindung nach Anspruch 4 bezieht sich darauf, dass der Einziehvorgang mittels einer sich an eine an der Stirnseite des Lochstempels ausgebildete Schneidkante anschließende Folgekontur des Lochstempels erfolgt. Durch die Anordnung einer Folgekontur am Lochstempel wird der Loch- und Einziehvorgang vereinfacht und die Herstellungszeit des Durchzuges verkürzt, da das Hohlprofil zumindest von einer Seite lediglich mit einem Lochstempel beaufschlagt werden muss, der nach dem Lochvorgang in einfacher Weise weiter in das Hohlprofilinnere eingesenkt wird, so dass die Folgekontur des Lochstempels mit dem Lochrand in Kontakt gerät und diesen dann gleichmäßig umbiegt und damit in das Hohlprofilinnere einzieht. Durch die Zusammenlegung der Funktionen zweier Werkzeuge, nämlich dem Einziehwerkzeug und dem Lochwerkzeug in den Lochstempel, wird die gesamte Herstellungsapparatur zur Erzeugung des Durchzuges weiter wesentlich vereinfacht.A further preferred embodiment of the invention according to claim 4 relates to the fact that the pulling-in process takes place by means of a follow-up contour of the punch which follows a cutting edge formed on the end face of the punch. By arranging a follow-up contour on the punch, the punching and pulling-in process is simplified and the manufacturing time of the swipe is shortened, since the hollow profile merely has to be loaded with a punch at least from one side, which is simply further sunk into the interior of the hollow profile after the punching process so that the subsequent contour of the punch comes into contact with the edge of the hole and then bends it evenly and thus moves into the interior of the hollow profile. By merging the functions of two tools, namely the pull-in tool and the punch tool in the punch, the entire manufacturing apparatus for producing the thread is further simplified.
Eine weitere bevorzugte Weiterbildung der Erfindung stellt der Inhalt von Anspruch 5 dar. Hierbei wird das Hohlprofilma- terial des Hohlprofilabschnitts in eine ringförmig umlaufende Aussparung des Rohrstückes, die zu dessen Stirnseite hin offen ist, eingezogen. Aufgrund dieser Art des Einzugs bildet ein Teil des Rohrstückes einen mittleren Abschnitt des Durchzugs. Dies kann soweit führen, dass bei relativ geringer Einzugslänge das eingezogene Hohlprofilmaterial nur zur Befestigung des Rohrstückes dient, das vollständig die Funktion des Durchzugs, beispielsweise als Lager in einer Achsstrebe, erhält . Das Rohrstück kann dabei aus Bronze oder Kunststoff hergestellt werden, wodurch es zusätzlich die Funktion eines Gleitlagers übernehmen kann. Um das Rohrstück zu halten, bedarf es keiner großen Wandstärke des Hohlprofils, wodurch diese soweit verringert werden kann, dass das eingezogene Hohlprofilmaterial für den Durchzug allenfalls eine geringe Steifigkeit und Festigkeit aufbringt. Diese Eigenschaften stellt ersatzweise das Rohrstück, das relativ dickwandig ist, zur Verfügung. Das Rohrstück kann auch aus einem Leichtmetall oder aus einem Stahlwerkstoff hergestellt werden, wodurch es ebenfalls mittels des Innenhochdruckumformverfahrens ausformbar ist.A further preferred development of the invention is the content of claim 5. material of the hollow profile section in an annular circumferential recess of the pipe section, which is open to the end face drawn. Because of this type of retraction, part of the pipe section forms a central section of the passage. This can lead to the fact that, with a relatively short draw-in length, the drawn-in hollow profile material only serves to fasten the pipe section, which completely receives the function of the pull-through, for example as a bearing in an axle strut. The pipe section can be made of bronze or plastic, which means that it can also take on the function of a plain bearing. In order to hold the pipe section, there is no need for a large wall thickness of the hollow profile, as a result of which it can be reduced to such an extent that the drawn-in hollow profile material has at best a low rigidity and strength for the passage. The pipe section, which is relatively thick-walled, provides these properties instead. The pipe section can also be made of a light metal or a steel material, as a result of which it can also be shaped by means of the internal high-pressure forming process.
In einer weiteren bevorzugten Ausgestaltung der Erfindung nach Anspruch 6 wird das Hohlprofilmaterial derart eingezogen, dass es hinterschnittene Flächen der Aussparung des Rohrstückes hintergreift. Hierdurch wird nicht nur eine reibschlüssige Verbindung zwischen dem Hohlprofil und dem eingeschobenen Rohrstück erreicht, wie in der gerade vorangegangenen Weitergestaltung der Erfindung nach Anspruch 5 hervorgeht, sondern durch die Verkrallung hinter den hinterschnit- tenen Flächen der Aussparung des Rohrstückes noch zusätzlich ein Formschluss erzielt, so dass das Rohrstück besonders sicher im Hohlprofil gehalten ist. In einer bevorzugten Ausgestaltung der Erfindung nach Anspruch 7 wird das Hohlprofil unter Bildung gleich großer Löcher gelocht . Infolge der Ausbildung gleich großer Löcher wird eine gleichmäßige Prozessführung beim Lochen und beim insbesondere Einziehvorgang gewährleistet. Zusätzlich wird die Steuerung der Werkzeuge beim Einziehvorgang vereinfacht, da beidseitig des Hohlprofils gleich viel Hohlprofilmaterial umgebogen wird, was eine einheitliche Einziehlänge bewirkt und womit der Bewegungsablauf der Einziehwerkzeuge identisch ist, so dass diese einem einzigen Regelkreis angeschlossen werden können.In a further preferred embodiment of the invention according to claim 6, the hollow profile material is drawn in such that it engages behind undercut surfaces of the recess in the pipe section. This not only achieves a frictional connection between the hollow profile and the inserted pipe section, as can be seen in the previous embodiment of the invention according to claim 5, but also achieves a positive fit due to the clawing behind the undercut surfaces of the recess in the pipe section that the pipe section is held particularly securely in the hollow profile. In a preferred embodiment of the invention according to claim 7, the hollow profile is perforated to form holes of the same size. As a result of the formation of holes of the same size, a uniform process control during the punching and especially during the drawing-in process is ensured. In addition, the control of the tools during the pull-in process is simplified, since the same amount of hollow profile material is bent on both sides of the hollow profile, which results in a uniform pull-in length and with which the movement sequence of the pull-in tools is identical, so that they can be connected to a single control loop.
In einer weiteren bevorzugten Weiterbildung des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens nach Anspruch 8 wird das Hohlprofil unter Bildung unterschiedlich großer Löcher gelocht. Des Weiteren ist das größere Loch derart bemessen, dass dessen Lochrand bündig mit der Innenseite des Rohrstückes abschließt. Das Hohlprofilmaterial wird nur auf Seiten des kleineren Loche eingezogen, wobei der Lochdurchmesser und der das Hohlprofil- material tragende Hohlprofilabschnitt so bemessen sind, dass sich dieser nach dem Einzug zumindest über die gesamte Länge des Rohrstückes hinweg erstreckt . Hierdurch wird zum einen der Herstellungsprozess abgekürzt, da Hohlprofilmaterial nur noch von einer Seite eingezogen werden muss, während auf der anderen Seite lediglich das Loch ausgebildet wird. Zum anderen wird von dieser einen Seite, auf der das kleinere Loch ausgebildet ist, so viel Hohlprofilmaterial eingezogen, dass dieses sich mindestens bis zum Rand des größeren Loches auf der anderen Seite des Hohlprofiles erstreckt. Dabei wird zum einen das Rohrstück sicher umfasst und zum anderen wird ein Durchzug ausgebildet, der vollkommen fugenfrei und eben aufgrund seiner Einstückigkeit ist. Damit wird dem Durchzug durch seine Unterbrechungsfreiheit und hohen Oberflächenqualität sowohl eine besonders hohe Biegesteifigkeit und Festig- keit als auch überdurchschnittliche Gleitfähigkeitseigen- schaften verliehen, so dass der Durchzug besonders gut für die Anwendung von Gleitlagern befähigt ist. Diese spezielle Ausgestaltung der Erfindung trifft insbesondere auf Buchsen großen Durchmessers zu.In a further preferred development of the method according to the invention, the hollow profile is perforated to form holes of different sizes. Furthermore, the larger hole is dimensioned such that the edge of the hole is flush with the inside of the pipe section. The hollow profile material is drawn in only on the side of the smaller hole, the hole diameter and the hollow profile section carrying the hollow profile material being dimensioned such that, after being drawn in, it extends at least over the entire length of the pipe section. On the one hand, this shortens the manufacturing process, since hollow profile material only has to be drawn in from one side, while only the hole is formed on the other side. On the other hand, from this one side, on which the smaller hole is formed, so much hollow profile material is drawn in that it extends at least to the edge of the larger hole on the other side of the hollow profile. On the one hand, the pipe section is securely encompassed and, on the other hand, a passage is formed which is completely free of joints and precisely because of its one-piece construction. This means that the pull-through, thanks to its uninterrupted nature and high surface quality, gives it particularly high flexural strength and strength. as well as above-average sliding properties, so that the passage is particularly well-suited for the use of plain bearings. This special embodiment of the invention applies in particular to bushings of large diameter.
Im Folgenden ist die Erfindung anhand mehrerer in den Zeichnungen dargestellter Ausführungsbeispiele näher erläutert. Dabei zeigt :The invention is explained in more detail below with reference to several exemplary embodiments shown in the drawings. It shows:
Fig. 1 in einem seitlichen Längsschnitt abschnittsweise ein Hohlprofil in Vorbereitung eines Lochvorganges eines erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens,1 in a lateral longitudinal section in sections a hollow profile in preparation for a punching process of a method according to the invention,
Fig. 2 in einem seitlichen Längsschnitt das inzwischen gelochte Hohlprofil aus Figur 1 in Vorbereitung eines Einziehvorgangs eines erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens,2 in a lateral longitudinal section the hollow profile from FIG. 1, which has since been perforated, in preparation for a drawing-in process of a method according to the invention
Fig. 3 in einem seitlichen Längsschnitt abschnittsweise das beidseitig eingezogene Hohlprofil mit ausgebildetem Durchzug,3 in a lateral longitudinal section, in sections, the hollow profile drawn in on both sides with a formed passage,
Fig. 4 in einer seitlichen Längsschnittdarstellung abschnittsweise ein gelochtes und einseitig eingezogenes Hohlprofil mit vollständig ausgebildetem Durchzug eines erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens,4 in a lateral longitudinal sectional representation, sections of a perforated and one-sided retracted hollow profile with a fully formed passage of a method according to the invention,
Fig. 5 in einer seitlichen Längsschnittdarstellung abschnittsweise ein beidseitig eingezogenes und gelochtes Hohlprofil mit, unter Bildung eines Durchzuges eines erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens in eine Aussparung eines im Hohlprofil angeordneten Rohrstückes ausgebildeten Aussparung, eingezogenen Lochrändern,5 shows, in a lateral longitudinal section, sections of a hollow profile drawn in and perforated on both sides with, with the formation of a passage of a method according to the invention into a cutout of a tubular piece arranged in the hollow profile, drawn-in hole edges,
Fig. 6 in einem seitlichen Längsschnitt abschnittsweise ein erfindungsgemäß gelochtes und an den Lochrändern eingezogenes Hohlprofil in formschlüssiger Verbindung mit einem im Hohlprofil angeordneten Rohrstück. In Figur 1 ist die erste Arbeitsphase der Herstellung eines Durchzuges an einem Hohlprofil 1 dargestellt, welches aus einem Stahlwerkstoff oder einem Leichtmetall besteht und mittels eines Innenhochdruckumformverfahrens ausgeformt sein kann. Das so hergestellte Hohlprofil kann vorzugsweise eine Strebe mit Lagerbuchse im Automobilbau, insbesondere eine Zug- oder Druckstrebe im Fahrwerksbereich sein. Für die erste Phase des Herstellungsprozesses, in der ein Lochvorgang des Hohlprofiles 1 erfolgt, wird in ein offenes Ende 2 des Hohl- profils 1 eine Lochmatrize 3 hineingeschoben und an der Stelle des zu erzeugenden Durchzuges angeordnet. Die Lochmatrize 3 weist hierzu eine Durchgangsbohrung 4 auf, die zylindrisch ausgebildet ist. Den Öffnungen 5 der Durchgangsbohrung 4 liegen die Stirnseiten 6 zweier Lochstempel 7, die außerhalb des Hohlprofils 1 angeordnet sind, gegenüber. Die mit einer Schneidkante 19 versehenen Stirnseiten 6 der Lochstempel 7 sind in ihrer Form und in ihrem Durchmesser so bemessen, dass sie beim Lochen des Hohlprofils 1 mit nur geringem Spiel in die Durchgangsbohrung 4 der Lochmatrize 3 eintauchen können. Nachdem die beiden, einander gegenüberliegenden Lochstempel 7, zwischen denen das Hohlprofil 1 liegt, den Lochvorgang beendet haben, wird die Lochmatrize 3 aus dem Ende 2 des Hohl- profils 1 wieder herausgezogen. Im Anschluss daran wird das Hohlprofil 1, wie aus Figur 2 ersichtlich ist, mit seinen zwei gegenüberliegenden, ausgestanzten Löchern 8 in eine Einziehstation transferiert. Nun wird in das Hohlprofilende 2 ein zylindrisches hülsenförmiges Rohrstück 9 eingeschoben, das im Hohlprofil 1 so platziert wird, dass es die Stelle des zu erzeugenden Durchzuges 20 koaxial umgibt, wobei die Achse 10 des Rohrstücks 9 mit der Lochachse der beiden Löcher 8 i- dentisch ist. Das Rohrstück 9, das beispielsweise aus Kunststoff, Stahl oder einem Leichtmetall ggf. auch aus Bronze bestehen kann, weist einen Innendurchmesser auf, der den Lochdurchmesser deutlich übersteigt . Der dadurch entstehende und die Öffnungen 11 des Rohrstückes 9 abdeckende zwischen den Lochrändern 12 und der Innenseite 16 des Rohrstücks 9 liegende Hohlprofilabschnitt 18 bildet das einzuziehende Hohlprofilmaterial zur Entstehung eines Durchzuges 20. Anschließend wird das gelochte Hohlprofil 1 durch zwei Einziehstempel 13, die koaxial zur Rohrstückachse 10 hubbeweglich führbar angeordnet sind, von außen beaufschlagt. Die Einziehstempel 13 tauchen mit einem mittig liegenden, zylindrischen, kurzen Fortsatz 14, der zu Zentrierungszwecken an dem jeweiligen Einziehstempel 13 ausgebildet ist, in das jeweilige Loch 8 ein, wonach bei der Weiterbewegung der Einziehstempel 13 in das Hohlprofilinnere 17 hinein der Hohlprofilabschnitt 18 durch eine sich rückseitig an den Fortsatz 14 anschließende konkave Einziehkontur 15 des Stempels 13 bis zur flächigen Anlage an der Innenseite 16 des Rohrstücks 9 verdrängt und dort angepresst wird. Das so in das Hohlprofilinnere 17 eingezogene Hohlprofilmaterial des Hohlprofilabschnitts 18 fixiert zum einen das Rohrstück 9 durch den über die Anpressung erwirkten Reibschluss zwischen der Innenseite 16 des Rohrstücks 19 und dem Hohlprofilabschnitt 18 klapperfrei im Hohlprofil 1. Zum anderen bildet der eingezogene Hohlprofilabschnitt 18 den gewünschten Durchzug 20.Fig. 6 in a lateral longitudinal section in sections an inventive perforated and drawn in at the edges of the hollow profile in a positive connection with a pipe section arranged in the hollow profile. FIG. 1 shows the first working phase of producing a pull-through on a hollow profile 1, which consists of a steel material or a light metal and can be formed by means of an internal high-pressure forming process. The hollow profile produced in this way can preferably be a strut with a bearing bush in automobile construction, in particular a tension or compression strut in the chassis area. For the first phase of the manufacturing process, in which the hollow profile 1 is perforated, a perforated die 3 is pushed into an open end 2 of the hollow profile 1 and arranged at the location of the passage to be produced. For this purpose, the punch die 3 has a through hole 4 which is cylindrical. The openings 5 of the through hole 4 are opposite the end faces 6 of two punches 7, which are arranged outside the hollow profile 1. The end faces 6 of the punch 7 provided with a cutting edge 19 are dimensioned in their shape and in such a way that they can dip into the through bore 4 of the punch die 3 with little play when the hollow profile 1 is punched. After the two opposing punch 7, between which the hollow section 1 lies, has finished the punching process, the punch die 3 is pulled out of the end 2 of the hollow section 1 again. Subsequently, as can be seen in FIG. 2, the hollow profile 1 with its two opposing punched holes 8 is transferred to a drawing-in station. A cylindrical sleeve-shaped tube piece 9 is now inserted into the hollow profile end 2 and is placed in the hollow profile 1 so that it coaxially surrounds the location of the passage 20 to be produced, the axis 10 of the tube piece 9 being identical to the hole axis of the two holes 8 is. The pipe section 9, which can for example consist of plastic, steel or a light metal and possibly also bronze, has an inner diameter that significantly exceeds the hole diameter. The resulting and The hollow profile section 18, which covers the openings 11 of the tubular piece 9 and lies between the hole edges 12 and the inner side 16 of the tubular piece 9, forms the hollow profile material to be drawn in to produce a passage 20. Subsequently, the perforated hollow profile 1 is arranged by two retraction punches 13, which can be moved coaxially to the tubular piece axis 10 are acted upon from the outside. The insertion punches 13 dip into the respective hole 8 with a centrally located, cylindrical, short extension 14, which is formed on the respective insertion punches 13 for centering purposes, after which, when the insertion punches 13 move further into the hollow profile interior 17, the hollow profile section 18 by means of a the concave retraction contour 15 of the punch 13 adjoining the extension 14 on the back is displaced until it lies flat against the inside 16 of the tube piece 9 and is pressed there. The hollow profile material of the hollow profile section 18 thus drawn into the hollow profile interior 17 fixes the pipe piece 9 in the hollow profile 1 without rattling due to the frictional connection between the inside 16 of the pipe piece 19 and the hollow profile section 18. Secondly, the drawn in hollow profile section 18 forms the desired passage 20th
Die Einziehkontur 15 des Einziehstempels 13 kann auch durch eine an die Schneidkante 19 sich anschließende Folgekontur des Lochstempels 7 gebildet sein. Dabei ist es jedoch im Ablauf des Herstellungsvorganges erforderlich, nach dem Lochen die Lochstempel 7 etwas zurückzuziehen, damit das Rohrstück 9 in das Hohlprofilende 2 hineingeschoben und entsprechend platziert werden kann. Anschließend fährt der Lochstempel 7 in das Loch 8 hinein und zieht das Hohlprofilmaterial des Hohlprofilabschnitts 18 wie gehabt ein. Es sei hierbei noch angemerkt, dass sich das Hohlprofilmaterial beim Einziehvorgang am Rohrstück 9 abstützt, so dass das Hohlprofil 1 nicht einfallen kann. Nach Beendigung des Einziehvorganges werden die Stempel 13 bzw. 7 aus dem Hohlprofil 1 gezogen. Das Rohrstück 9, das die AbstützWirkung erzeugt hat und nun von dem entstandenen Durchzug 20 gehalten wird, verbleibt dauerhaft in dem Hohlprofil 1. Der entstandene Durchzug 20 besitzt auch durch seine Einstückigkeit mit dem Hohlprofil 1 eine besonders hohe Festigkeit und Steifigkeit gegenüber mechanischen Belastungen. Hierzu ist es von Vorteil, dass beim Lochen die Lochgröße der erzeugten Löcher 8 so gestaltet wird, dass das einziehbare Hohlprofilmaterial des Hohlprofilabschnitts 18 im Umkreis dieser Löcher 8 zusammen höchstens die anlegbare Länge des Rohrstücks 9 bemisst, da ansonsten sich bei beidseiti- gem Einzug des Hohlprofils 1 die Hohlprofilabschnitte 18 beider Seiten im Hohlprofilinneren 17 überlappen, was die Verwendungsmöglichkeit des ausgebildeten Durchzuges 20 drastisch einschränkt oder bei einer Fahrwerkstrebe ggf. keine Anwendung zulässt. Im Falle des einseitigen Einzugs würde das eingezogene Hohlprofilmaterial auf der anderen Seite des Rohrstücks 9 hinausstehen, was in vielen Anwendungsfällen ebenfalls nicht gewünscht ist.The drawing-in contour 15 of the drawing-in punch 13 can also be formed by a subsequent contour of the punch 7 following the cutting edge 19. However, it is necessary in the course of the manufacturing process to withdraw the punch 7 somewhat after the punching so that the tube piece 9 can be pushed into the hollow profile end 2 and placed accordingly. The punch 7 then moves into the hole 8 and pulls in the hollow profile material of the hollow profile section 18 as before. It should also be noted here that the hollow profile material is supported on the pipe section 9 during the pulling-in process, so that the hollow profile 1 does not can come up with. After completion of the pulling-in process, the punches 13 and 7 are pulled out of the hollow profile 1. The pipe section 9, which has generated the supporting effect and is now held by the resulting passage 20, remains permanently in the hollow profile 1. The resulting passage 20 also has a particularly high strength and rigidity against mechanical loads due to its one-piece construction with the hollow profile 1. For this purpose, it is advantageous that the hole size of the holes 8 produced is designed in such a way that the retractable hollow profile material of the hollow profile section 18 in the periphery of these holes 8 together measures at most the length of the pipe piece 9 that can be applied, since otherwise the Hollow profile 1 overlap the hollow profile sections 18 on both sides in the hollow profile interior 17, which drastically restricts the possibility of using the passage 20 formed or may not be used in a landing gear strut. In the case of one-sided retraction, the retracted hollow profile material would protrude on the other side of the pipe section 9, which is also not desired in many applications.
Der aus Figur 3 entnehmbare Durchzug 20 ist so beschaffen, dass die beidseitig eingezogenen Hohlprofilabschnitten 18 mit ihren Abschlusskanten 21 etwa mittig des Rohrstücks 9 zu liegen kommen. Der genannte Durchzug 20 ist das Ergebnis der Verfahrensschritte aus Figur 1 und 2, wobei das Hohlprofil 1 derart gelocht wurde, dass beidseitig gegenüberliegende, gleich große Löcher 8 geschaffen wurden. Obwohl die Stanzung unterschiedlich großer Löcher 8 denkbar ist, bei denen dann die Abschlusskanten 21 der Hohlprofilabschnitte 18 außermittig zu liegen kommen, wenn das Hohlprofilmaterial eingezogen wird, ist die Bildung gleich großer Löcher 8 dahingehend von Vorteil, dass die Lochmatrize 3 relativ einfach ausgestaltet werden kann, da deren Durchgangsbohrung 4 einfach zylindrisch ausgebildet werden kann, ohne dass eine Erweiterung der Bohrung 4 vonnöten wäre .The passage 20 that can be seen in FIG. 3 is such that the hollow profile sections 18 drawn in on both sides come to rest with their end edges 21 approximately in the middle of the pipe section 9. The passage 20 mentioned is the result of the method steps from FIGS. 1 and 2, the hollow profile 1 being perforated in such a way that holes 8 of equal size which are opposite on both sides were created. Although the punching of holes 8 of different sizes is conceivable, in which case the end edges 21 of the hollow profile sections 18 come to lie eccentrically when the hollow profile material is drawn in, the formation of holes 8 of equal size is advantageous in that the hole die 3 can be designed relatively simply , because the through hole 4 is simply cylindrical can be formed without an expansion of the bore 4 would be necessary.
Eine Variante des Durchzuges 20 ist aus Figur 4 zu entnehmen. In Abweichung zu dessen bisheriger Ausbildung wird das Hohl- profil 1 auf einer Seite so gelocht, dass der Lochrand 22 bündig mit der Innenseite 16 des Rohrstücks 9 abschließt. Auf der gegenüberliegenden Seite des Hohlprofils 1 wird demgegenüber ein Loch 8 erzeugt, das in seinen Abmessungen erheblich kleiner ist. Von dieser Seite aus wird nun das Hohlprofilmaterial des zwischen dem Lochrand des kleinen Loches und der Innenseite 16 des Rohrstücks 9 befindlichen Hohlprofilabschnitts 23 in das Hohlprofilinnere 24 eingezogen. Da nun der Durchmesser des größeren Loches 25 dem Innendurchmesser des Rohrstücks 9 und die Länge des eingezogenen Hohlprofilabschnitts 23 der Summe der Länge des Rohrstücks 9 und der doppelten Wandstärke des Hohlprofils 1 entsprechen, wird ein Durchzug 26 gebildet, der sich über die gesamte Länge des Rohrstücks 9 hinaus erstreckt, wodurch dieses an der Innenseite 16 vollständig eingefasst ist.A variant of the passage 20 can be seen in Figure 4. In deviation from its previous design, the hollow profile 1 is perforated on one side in such a way that the edge of the hole 22 is flush with the inside 16 of the pipe section 9. On the other hand, a hole 8 is produced on the opposite side of the hollow profile 1, the dimensions of which are considerably smaller. From this side, the hollow profile material of the hollow profile section 23 located between the hole edge of the small hole and the inside 16 of the tube piece 9 is now drawn into the hollow profile interior 24. Since the diameter of the larger hole 25 corresponds to the inside diameter of the pipe section 9 and the length of the drawn-in hollow section 23 corresponds to the sum of the length of the pipe section 9 and twice the wall thickness of the hollow section 1, a passage 26 is formed which extends over the entire length of the pipe section 9 extends, whereby this is completely enclosed on the inside 16.
Eine weitere Variante der Erfindung ist in Figur 5 dargestellt. In Abweichung zu den vorhergehenden Ausführungsbei- spielen weist das Rohrstück 9 eine ringförmig umlaufende Aussparung 27 auf, die zu der Stirnseite 28 des Rohrstücks 9 offen ist . Beim Lochvorgang wird hierbei ein relativ großes Loch 8 beidseitig ausgestanzt, so dass beim Einziehvorgang nur wenig Hohlprofilmaterial eingezogen werden kann. Die Länge des entsprechenden Hohlprofilabschnitts 29 ist dabei so dimensioniert, dass das Hohlprofilmaterial lediglich in die Aussparung 27 des Rohrstücks 9 eingezogen und dort angepresst wird. Der dabei entstehende Durchzug 30 wird im Wesentlichen durch den nicht ausgespart gebliebenen Abschnitt 31 der Innenseite 16 des Rohrstücks 9 gebildet. Aus Figur 6 ist eine Variante zu der Art des Durchzugs 30 aus dem vorangegangenen Ausführungsbeispiel ersichtlich. Die Aussparung 27 weist hier noch eine Ringnut 32 auf, deren Flanken hinterschnittene Flächen 33 bilden. Beim Einziehen des Hohl- profilmaterials des Hohlprofilabschnitts 29 werden diese hin- terschnittenen Flächen 33 durch das Hohlprofilmaterial hintergriffen, wodurch sich eine formschlüssige Verbindung zwischen dem Rohrstück 9 und dem Hohlprofil 1 ausbildet . Der hierbei geschaffene Durchzug 34 unterscheidet sich in seiner Form nur gering von dem Durchzug 30. Another variant of the invention is shown in FIG. 5. In deviation from the previous exemplary embodiments, the pipe section 9 has an annular circumferential recess 27 which is open to the end face 28 of the pipe section 9. During the punching process, a relatively large hole 8 is punched out on both sides, so that only a little hollow profile material can be pulled in during the pulling-in process. The length of the corresponding hollow profile section 29 is dimensioned such that the hollow profile material is only drawn into the recess 27 of the pipe section 9 and pressed there. The resulting passage 30 is essentially formed by the section 31 of the inside 16 of the pipe section 9 that has not been left free. FIG. 6 shows a variant of the type of passage 30 from the previous exemplary embodiment. The recess 27 here also has an annular groove 32, the flanks of which form undercut surfaces 33. When the hollow profile material of the hollow profile section 29 is drawn in, these undercut surfaces 33 are engaged behind by the hollow profile material, as a result of which a form-fitting connection is formed between the tubular piece 9 and the hollow profile 1. The passage 34 created here differs only slightly in shape from the passage 30.

Claims

Patentansprüche claims
Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Durchzuges an Hohlprofilen, wobei ein Rohrstück in das Hohlprofil eingeschoben und so darin platziert wird, dass es die Stelle des zu erzeugenden Durchzuges koaxial umgibt, und wobei anschließend das Hohlprofil an dieser Stelle mittels eines Werkzeuges von außen nach innen unter Bildung des Durchzuges beaufschlagt wird, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t , dass zuerst aus dem Hohlprofil (1) zwei gegenüberliegende Löcher (8) ausgestanzt werden, von denen zumindest eines einen Durchmesser besitzt, der kleiner ist als der des zu erzeugenden Durchzuges (20,26,30), dass danach das Rohrstück (9) in das Hohlprofilinnere (17) eingeführt wird, so dass es dort koaxial zur gemeinsamen Achse (10) der Löcher (8) zu liegen kommt, und dass anschließend das Hohlprofilmaterial des zwischen dem Lochrand (12) und der Innenseite (16) des Rohrstückes (9) befindlichen Hohlpro- filabschnitts (18,23,29) bis zur flächigen Anlage an der Innenseite (16) des Rohrstückes (9) in das Hohlprofilinnere (17) mittels zumindest eines Stempels (7,13) eingezogen wird. A process for producing a passage on hollow profiles, wherein a piece of pipe is inserted into the hollow profile and placed in such a way that it coaxially surrounds the location of the passage to be produced, and the hollow profile is then at this point from outside to inside with the formation of the Passage is applied, characterized in that first two holes (8) are punched out of the hollow profile (1), at least one of which has a diameter which is smaller than that of the passage (20, 26, 30) to be produced, that afterwards the pipe section (9) is inserted into the hollow profile interior (17) so that it comes to lie coaxially with the common axis (10) of the holes (8), and that the hollow profile material between the hole edge (12) and the inside ( 16) of the tubular section (9) of the hollow profile section (18, 23, 29) to the flat contact on the inside (16) of the tubular section (9) into the H inside the hollow profile (17) is drawn in by means of at least one stamp (7, 13).
2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 , d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t , dass das Hohlprofil (1) unter Zusammenwirkung einer in das Hohlprofil (1) eingeschobenen Lochmatrize (3) und zweier gegenüberliegender Lochstempel (7) , zwischen denen das Hohlprofil (1) liegt, gelocht wird.2. The method according to claim 1, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t that the hollow profile (1) with the cooperation of a perforated die (3) inserted into the hollow profile (1) and two opposing punch (7), between which the hollow profile (1) lies, is perforated.
3. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t , dass das Hohlprofil (1) mittels des Innenhochdruckumformverfahrens ausgebildet wird und dass das Hohlprofil (1) im Innenhochdruckumformwerkzeug gelocht wird.3. The method according to claim 1, so that the hollow profile (1) is formed by means of the hydroforming process and that the hollow profile (1) is perforated in the hydroforming tool.
4. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t , dass der Einziehvorgang mittels einer sich an eine an der Stirnseite (6) des Lochstempels (7) ausgebildete Schneidkante (19) anschließende Folgekontur des Lochstempels (7) erfolgt .4. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, so that the pulling-in process is carried out by means of a subsequent contour of the punch (7) which is formed on a cutting edge (19) formed on the end face (6) of the punch (7).
5. Verfahren nach einem der -Ansprüche 1 bis 4, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t , dass das Hohlprofilmaterial des Hohlprofilabschnitts (29) in eine ringförmig umlaufende Aussparung (27) des Rohrstückes (9) , die zu dessen Stirnseite (28) hin offen ist, eingezogen wird.5. The method according to any one of the claims 1 to 4, so that the hollow profile material of the hollow profile section (29) is drawn into an annular circumferential recess (27) in the pipe section (9), which is open towards the end face (28) thereof.
6. Verfahren nach Anspruch 5, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t , dass das Hohlprofilmaterial derart eingezogen wird, dass es hinterschnittene Flächen (33) der Aussparung (27) des Rohrstückes (9) hintergreift. 6. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that the hollow profile material is drawn in such that it engages behind undercut surfaces (33) of the recess (27) of the pipe section (9).
7. Verfahren nach einem der -Ansprüche 1 bis 6, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t , dass das Hohlprofil (1) unter Bildung gleich großer Löcher (8) gelocht wird.7. The method according to one of the claims 1 to 6, that the hollow profile (1) is perforated to form holes of the same size (8).
8. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t , dass das Hohlprofil (1) unter Bildung unterschiedlich großer Löcher (8) gelocht wird, wobei das größere Loch derart bemessen ist, dass dessen Lochrand (12) bündig mit der Innenseite (16) des Rohrstückes (9) abschließt, und dass nur auf Seiten des kleineren Loches das Hohlprofil- material eingezogen wird, wobei der Lochdurchmesser und der das Hohlprofilmaterial tragende Hohlprofilabschnitt (23) so bemessen sind, dass sich dieser nach dem Einzug zumindest über die gesamte Länge des Rohrstückes (9) hinweg erstreckt . 8. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the hollow profile (1) is perforated to form holes of different sizes (8), the larger hole being dimensioned such that its edge (12) is flush with the inside (16 ) of the pipe section (9), and that the hollow profile material is drawn in only on the side of the smaller hole, the hole diameter and the hollow profile section (23) carrying the hollow profile material being dimensioned in such a way that, after being drawn in, this extends at least over the entire length of the pipe section (9) extends away.
EP04763050A 2003-07-09 2004-06-30 Method for the production of a rim hole in hollow profiles Withdrawn EP1641577A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10330886A DE10330886B4 (en) 2003-07-09 2003-07-09 Process for producing a passage on hollow profiles
PCT/EP2004/007069 WO2005005075A1 (en) 2003-07-09 2004-06-30 Method for the production of a rim hole in hollow profiles

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US (1) US7478468B2 (en)
EP (1) EP1641577A1 (en)
CA (1) CA2531746A1 (en)
DE (1) DE10330886B4 (en)
WO (1) WO2005005075A1 (en)

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DE102005048076A1 (en) * 2005-10-07 2007-04-12 Daimlerchrysler Ag Production of a bushing on a hollow profile comprises forming slits in a perforated edge before converting into plates pointing radially to a middle hole by bending the plates
DE102022110734A1 (en) * 2022-05-02 2023-11-02 Meleghy Automotive GmbH & Co.KG Method for fastening a socket body in a tubular body

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DE10330886A1 (en) 2005-02-10
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US7478468B2 (en) 2009-01-20
DE10330886B4 (en) 2005-04-21
CA2531746A1 (en) 2005-01-20

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