EP1627190B1 - Heat exchanger, method of producing such an exchanger, and boiler comprising such an exchanger - Google Patents

Heat exchanger, method of producing such an exchanger, and boiler comprising such an exchanger Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1627190B1
EP1627190B1 EP04721907A EP04721907A EP1627190B1 EP 1627190 B1 EP1627190 B1 EP 1627190B1 EP 04721907 A EP04721907 A EP 04721907A EP 04721907 A EP04721907 A EP 04721907A EP 1627190 B1 EP1627190 B1 EP 1627190B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
fins
heat exchanger
tube
axis
turns
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP04721907A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1627190A1 (en
Inventor
Giuseppe Bottarlini
Christian Cannas
Noé CIOFOLO
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Riello SpA
Original Assignee
Riello SpA
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Riello SpA filed Critical Riello SpA
Publication of EP1627190A1 publication Critical patent/EP1627190A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1627190B1 publication Critical patent/EP1627190B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F1/00—Tubular elements; Assemblies of tubular elements
    • F28F1/10—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses
    • F28F1/12—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being only outside the tubular element
    • F28F1/14—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being only outside the tubular element and extending longitudinally
    • F28F1/16—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being only outside the tubular element and extending longitudinally the means being integral with the element, e.g. formed by extrusion
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H1/00—Water heaters, e.g. boilers, continuous-flow heaters or water-storage heaters
    • F24H1/22—Water heaters other than continuous-flow or water-storage heaters, e.g. water heaters for central heating
    • F24H1/40—Water heaters other than continuous-flow or water-storage heaters, e.g. water heaters for central heating with water tube or tubes
    • F24H1/43—Water heaters other than continuous-flow or water-storage heaters, e.g. water heaters for central heating with water tube or tubes helically or spirally coiled
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D7/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
    • F28D7/02—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits being helically coiled
    • F28D7/024—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits being helically coiled the conduits of only one medium being helically coiled tubes, the coils having a cylindrical configuration
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F1/00—Tubular elements; Assemblies of tubular elements
    • F28F1/02—Tubular elements of cross-section which is non-circular
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F9/00—Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
    • F28F9/007—Auxiliary supports for elements
    • F28F9/013—Auxiliary supports for elements for tubes or tube-assemblies
    • F28F9/0132—Auxiliary supports for elements for tubes or tube-assemblies formed by slats, tie-rods, articulated or expandable rods
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F9/00—Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
    • F28F9/22—Arrangements for directing heat-exchange media into successive compartments, e.g. arrangements of guide plates
    • F28F2009/222—Particular guide plates, baffles or deflectors, e.g. having particular orientation relative to an elongated casing or conduit
    • F28F2009/226—Transversal partitions

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a heat exchanger.
  • the present invention relates to a heat exchanger for a gas boiler for producing hot water.
  • a gas boiler for producing hot water normally comprises a gas burner, and at least one heat exchanger through which combustion fumes and water flow.
  • Some types of gas boilers known as condensation boilers, condense the steam in the combustion fumes and transfer the latent heat in the fumes to the water.
  • Condensation boilers are further divided into a first type, equipped with a first exchanger close to the burner, and a second exchanger for simply condensing the fumes; and a second type, equipped with only one heat exchanger which provides solely for thermal exchange along a first portion, and for both thermal exchange and fume condensation along a second portion.
  • Condensation or dual-function exchangers of the above type normally comprise a casing extending along a first axis and through which combustion fumes flow; and a tube along which water flows, and which extends along a second axis and coils about the first axis to form a succession of turns.
  • a heat exchanger is disclosed in EP 1 281 919 .
  • the combustion fumes flow over and between the turns to transfer heat to the water flowing along the tube.
  • the spiral tube has fins extending perpendicularly to the tube axis. This technical solution provides for a high degree of thermal exchange, but the fins are expensive to produce.
  • the spiral tube has a depressed flow section, which is a cheaper technical solution, though much less effective in terms of heat exchange than the finned-tube solution.
  • the present invention also relates to a method of producing a heat exchanger.
  • the present invention also relates to a gas boiler.
  • Boiler 1 is a wall-mounted condensation boiler, i.e. in which the vapour in the combustion fumes is condensed, and comprises an outer structure 2 in which are housed a burner 3; a heat exchanger 4; a gas supply conduit 5; a pipe 6 for supplying an air-gas mixture to burner 3; a combustion gas exhaust pipe 7; a fan 8 connected to supply pipe 6, and which performs the dual function of supplying the air-gas mixture to burner 3, and expelling the combustion fumes; and a water circuit 9.
  • Structure 2 comprises a rear wall 10 fixed to a supporting wall (not shown) and supporting the component parts of boiler 1; a top wall 11; two lateral walls 12; and a front wall not shown in the accompanying drawings.
  • Burner 3 is connected to pipe 6, is cylindrical in shape, and comprises a lateral wall with holes (not shown) for emitting the air-gas mixture and feeding the flame.
  • Burner 3 is housed inside exchanger 4 which, in fact, also acts as a combustion chamber.
  • Heat exchanger 4 is substantially cylindrical in shape, extends along a substantially horizontal axis A1 parallel to rear wall 10, and comprises a casing 13, through which the combustion products flow; a finned tube 14, along which water flows; and a disk 15 for directing the burnt gases along a given path inside exchanger 4.
  • Casing 13 comprises a cylindrical lateral wall 16 about axis A1; an annular wall 17 connected to lateral wall 16, to supply pipe 6, and to burner 3; and an annular wall 18 connected to lateral wall 16 and to exhaust pipe 7.
  • Burner 3 extends, coaxially with exchanger 4, inside of exchanger 4 for a given length.
  • Tube 14 coils about axis A1 to form a succession of adjacent turns 19, each located close to lateral wall 16, and has two opposite ends with known fittings (not shown) for connecting tube 14 to water circuit 9 outside exchanger 4.
  • Disk 15 has a thin lateral edge 20 engaging turns 19. That is, disk 15 is screwed to turns 19 into the desired position along axis A1 and in a position substantially perpendicular to axis A1.
  • Exchanger 4 comprises three comblike spacers 21 for keeping turns 19 a given distance apart and a given distance from lateral wall 16.
  • each spacer 21 comprises a straight portion 22 parallel to axis A1, and from which project teeth 23, each of which is interposed between two adjacent turns 19.
  • Tube 14, disk 15, and spacers 21 define, inside casing 13, a region B1 housing burner 3; a region B2 communicating directly with exhaust pipe 7; and three regions B3, each extending between two spacers 21, turns 19, and lateral wall 16.
  • Tube 14 is preferably made of aluminium or aluminium-based alloy. With reference to Figure 3 , finned tube 14 is extruded, extends along an axis A2, and comprises an oval-section wall 24; two fins 25 on one side of tube 14; two fins 26 on the opposite side to fins 25; a fin 27 between fins 25; and a fin 28 between fins 26.
  • the cross section of tube 14 has a major axis X and a minor axis Y. Fins 25, 26, 27, 28 are all parallel to axis A2 of tube 14 and to major axis X, and are therefore parallel to one another.
  • Fins 27 and 28 are coplanar with each other, and substantially lie in the same plane as axis A2 of tube 14 and major axis X. Fins 25 and 26 are arranged so that each fin 25 is coplanar with an opposite fin 26, and wall 24 of tube 14 forms a slight convexity between the coplanar fins 25 and 26.
  • the maximum extension of fins 25 and 26, in a direction parallel to major axis X, is roughly a quarter of the length of major axis X.
  • tube 14 is coiled about axis A1, so that axis A2 of tube 14 also assumes a spiral shape.
  • This operation actually comprises calendering tube 14, with the minor axis Y of the section of tube 14 maintained substantially parallel to axis A1.
  • the relatively small size of fins 25, 26, 27, 28 does not hinder the calendering operation, and does not call for notching fins 25, 26, 28, 28.
  • the three spacers 21 are then fitted between fins 26 of adjacent turns 19, and arranged 120 degrees apart, so as to form, with the coiled tube 14, an assembly which is inserted inside cylindrical wall 16 of casing 13 ( Figures 6 and 7 ). Annular walls 17 and 18 are then fitted to the opposite ends of cylindrical wall 16.
  • Tube 14 is coiled with a constant pitch and radius, so that fins 25 and 26 of each turn 19 face and are parallel to fins 25 and 26 of the adjacent turns 19, as shown in Figure 2 .
  • a gap is thus formed between each two adjacent turns 19, is of constant width at fins 25 and 26, and narrows at the convexities of walls 24.
  • the fumes flow from region B1 to regions B3 in direction D1 towards wall 16, then flow in direction D2 between turns 19 and wall 16, flow between turns 19 in direction. D1 from regions B3 to region B2, and are finally expelled by exhaust pipe 7.
  • the successive gaps therefore define compulsory fume paths, and are so shaped as to produce a venturi effect which rapidly accelerates the fumes.
  • Fins 25 and 26 therefore not only increase the exchange surface of tube 14, but also accelerate and so produce turbulent motion of the fumes.
  • fins 27 and 28 provide mainly for enhancing heat exchange, and play no part in accelerating the fumes.
  • one fin 25 and one fin 26, on opposite sides of tube 14 are sufficient to produce the venturi effect.
  • at least two fins 25 and two fins 26 are required to avoid too marked a convexity on wall 24 between one fin 25 and a coplanar fin 26, which would prevent the gap from producing a venturi effect.
  • the gap provides for optimum heat exchange when given dimensional ratios of the gap are conformed with.
  • Z1 indicates the distance between two facing fins 25 or 26 of two adjacent turns 19, and Z2 the minimum distance between the facing walls 24 of the same two adjacent turns 19.
  • Tests conducted by the Applicant show the best Z2/Z1 ratio, in terms of thermal efficiency of the exchanger, to be 1/3, whereas Z2/Z1 ratios of 0.2 to 0.4 are considered acceptable.
  • Exchanger 4 as described above may also be used in condensation boilers comprising a main exchanger, and in which exchanger 4 provides solely for condensing the fumes, as opposed to acting as a combustion chamber as in the example described.
  • Exchanger 4 as described above has numerous advantages, by combining straightforward construction - as a result of the fins being formed directly by the tube extrusion process, as opposed to being added on after extrusion - with a high degree of thermal efficiency - by virtue of the fins increasing the exchange surface, and the dynamic effect on the fumes of the fins in combination with the tube.
  • exchanger 4 is relatively easy to produce, and can be produced in different lengths to meet different power requirements.
  • lengths along axis A1 can be produced which are multiples of a base length, and spacers 21 of a length equal to the base length can be produced to standardize spacer manufacture.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Geometry (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
  • Manufacture Of Macromolecular Shaped Articles (AREA)
  • Physical Or Chemical Processes And Apparatus (AREA)
EP04721907A 2003-04-11 2004-03-19 Heat exchanger, method of producing such an exchanger, and boiler comprising such an exchanger Expired - Lifetime EP1627190B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
IT000769A ITMI20030769A1 (it) 2003-04-11 2003-04-11 Scambiatore di calore, metodo di realizzazione di tale scambiatore e caldaia comprendente tale scambiatore.
PCT/EP2004/050332 WO2004090434A1 (en) 2003-04-11 2004-03-19 Heat exchanger, method of producing such an exchanger, and boiler comprising such an exchanger

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1627190A1 EP1627190A1 (en) 2006-02-22
EP1627190B1 true EP1627190B1 (en) 2008-05-07

Family

ID=33156352

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP04721907A Expired - Lifetime EP1627190B1 (en) 2003-04-11 2004-03-19 Heat exchanger, method of producing such an exchanger, and boiler comprising such an exchanger

Country Status (7)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1627190B1 (it)
AT (1) ATE394640T1 (it)
DE (1) DE602004013574D1 (it)
DK (1) DK1627190T3 (it)
ES (1) ES2305755T3 (it)
IT (1) ITMI20030769A1 (it)
WO (1) WO2004090434A1 (it)

Cited By (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US8028746B2 (en) 2007-02-05 2011-10-04 Elbi International S.P.A. Heat exchanger with finned tube and method of producing the same
EP2375183A1 (en) 2010-04-08 2011-10-12 Riello S.p.A. Heat exchanger for heating at least two fluids and method of producing such a heater
WO2011128764A1 (en) 2010-04-13 2011-10-20 Riello S.P.A. Method of producing a heat exchanger, and heat exchanger produced using such a method
DE102011016565A1 (de) 2010-04-08 2011-12-01 Riello S.P.A. Heat Exchanger and Method of Manufacturing such a Heat Exchanger
EP2434227A2 (en) 2010-09-23 2012-03-28 Riello S.p.A. Condensing heat exchanger for a gas boiler
KR101496361B1 (ko) * 2014-07-09 2015-02-26 주식회사 두발 스페이서를 활용한 콘덴싱 보일러용 열교환기
EP3141838A1 (en) 2015-09-08 2017-03-15 Riello S.p.A. Spacing comb, and heat exchanger comprising said spacing comb, and method for making said spacing comb
EP3141840A1 (en) 2015-09-08 2017-03-15 Riello S.p.A. Heat exchanger for a domestic boiler or a water heater
EP3141841A1 (en) 2015-09-08 2017-03-15 Riello S.p.A. Heat exchanger for a domestic boiler or a water heater
EP3141839A1 (en) 2015-09-08 2017-03-15 Riello S.p.A. Heat exchanger for heating water in a domestic boiler or a water heater
AT515329A3 (de) * 2014-02-03 2017-06-15 Witzenmann Gmbh Schlauchhaltestruktur für ein Wärmetauschermodul für Warmwasserspeicher
US10151476B2 (en) 2015-04-06 2018-12-11 Central Boiler Inc. Boiler with access to heat exchangers

Families Citing this family (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
ITMI20041044A1 (it) * 2004-05-25 2004-08-25 Riello Spa Metodo di realizzazione di una caldaia a gas e caldaia a gas cosi'ottenuta
ES2348581T3 (es) * 2005-08-05 2010-12-09 Riello S.P.A. Método de fabricación de un intercambiador de calor.
PL1750070T3 (pl) * 2005-08-05 2012-10-31 Elbi Int Spa Kocioł gazowy wyposażony w wymiennik ciepła z użebrowaną rurą i sposób jego wytwarzania
PL1750069T3 (pl) 2005-08-05 2013-07-31 Elbi Int Spa Wymiennik ciepła i sposób jego wytwarzania
US7836942B2 (en) 2007-02-05 2010-11-23 Riello S.P.A. Heat exchanger and method of producing the same
US7686072B2 (en) 2007-02-05 2010-03-30 Riello S.P.A. Heat exchanger and methods of producing the same
FR2913105B1 (fr) 2007-02-28 2009-05-08 Mer Joseph Le "echangeur de chaleur a condensation comprenant deux faisceaux primaires et un faisceau secondaire"
IT1406469B1 (it) * 2010-04-13 2014-02-28 Riello Spa Scambiatore di calore per riscaldare un liquido tramite fumi di combustione.
ITMI20101425A1 (it) * 2010-07-29 2012-01-30 Riello Spa Scambiatore di calore, in particolare per caldaia a condensazione
IT1401312B1 (it) * 2010-08-05 2013-07-18 Riello Spa Scambiatore di calore provvisto di un dispositivo termofotovoltaico
US10371413B2 (en) 2015-04-06 2019-08-06 Central Boiler, Inc. Boiler with access to heat exchangers

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2186802A (en) * 1938-04-20 1940-01-09 American Radiator & Standard Heating apparatus
GB797492A (en) * 1956-02-21 1958-07-02 Andre Huet Improvements in and relating to heat exchangers
FR1415766A (fr) * 1964-09-17 1965-10-29 Tube à ailettes pour échangeurs de chaleur et sa fabrication
FR2090500A7 (it) * 1970-04-04 1972-01-14 Riello Pilade
AT407784B (de) * 1999-03-23 2001-06-25 Vaillant Gmbh Brenner
ITRM20010474A1 (it) * 2001-08-03 2003-02-03 Fontecal S P A Scambiatore spiroidale ad alto rendimento per riscaldamento e/o produzione di acqua calda sanitaria, particolarmente adatto alla condensazio

Cited By (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US8028746B2 (en) 2007-02-05 2011-10-04 Elbi International S.P.A. Heat exchanger with finned tube and method of producing the same
EP2375183A1 (en) 2010-04-08 2011-10-12 Riello S.p.A. Heat exchanger for heating at least two fluids and method of producing such a heater
DE102011016565A1 (de) 2010-04-08 2011-12-01 Riello S.P.A. Heat Exchanger and Method of Manufacturing such a Heat Exchanger
WO2011128764A1 (en) 2010-04-13 2011-10-20 Riello S.P.A. Method of producing a heat exchanger, and heat exchanger produced using such a method
EP2434227A2 (en) 2010-09-23 2012-03-28 Riello S.p.A. Condensing heat exchanger for a gas boiler
AT515329A3 (de) * 2014-02-03 2017-06-15 Witzenmann Gmbh Schlauchhaltestruktur für ein Wärmetauschermodul für Warmwasserspeicher
AT515329B1 (de) * 2014-02-03 2017-07-15 Witzenmann Gmbh Schlauchhaltestruktur für ein Wärmetauschermodul für Warmwasserspeicher
KR101496361B1 (ko) * 2014-07-09 2015-02-26 주식회사 두발 스페이서를 활용한 콘덴싱 보일러용 열교환기
US10151476B2 (en) 2015-04-06 2018-12-11 Central Boiler Inc. Boiler with access to heat exchangers
EP3141838A1 (en) 2015-09-08 2017-03-15 Riello S.p.A. Spacing comb, and heat exchanger comprising said spacing comb, and method for making said spacing comb
EP3141839A1 (en) 2015-09-08 2017-03-15 Riello S.p.A. Heat exchanger for heating water in a domestic boiler or a water heater
EP3141841A1 (en) 2015-09-08 2017-03-15 Riello S.p.A. Heat exchanger for a domestic boiler or a water heater
EP3141840A1 (en) 2015-09-08 2017-03-15 Riello S.p.A. Heat exchanger for a domestic boiler or a water heater

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ITMI20030769A1 (it) 2004-10-12
ES2305755T3 (es) 2008-11-01
DE602004013574D1 (de) 2008-06-19
ATE394640T1 (de) 2008-05-15
DK1627190T3 (da) 2008-09-01
WO2004090434A1 (en) 2004-10-21
EP1627190A1 (en) 2006-02-22

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