Classifications

• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B42—BOOKBINDING; ALBUMS; FILES; SPECIAL PRINTED MATTER
  • B42D—BOOKS; BOOK COVERS; LOOSE LEAVES; PRINTED MATTER CHARACTERISED BY IDENTIFICATION OR SECURITY FEATURES; PRINTED MATTER OF SPECIAL FORMAT OR STYLE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DEVICES FOR USE THEREWITH AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; MOVABLE-STRIP WRITING OR READING APPARATUS
  • B42D25/00—Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof
  • B42D25/20—Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof characterised by a particular use or purpose
  • B42D25/29—Securities; Bank notes

Definitions

• the invention relates to a data carrier with a printed motif and a method for its production.
• Data carriers within the meaning of the invention are, in particular, security or value documents, such as bank notes made of paper or polymer films or other films, identity cards, passports, visa stickers, check forms, shares, certificates, stamps, flight tickets and the like, as well as labels, seals, packaging or other elements for product assurance.
• security or value documents such as bank notes made of paper or polymer films or other films, identity cards, passports, visa stickers, check forms, shares, certificates, stamps, flight tickets and the like, as well as labels, seals, packaging or other elements for product assurance.
• security or value documents such as bank notes made of paper or polymer films or other films, identity cards, passports, visa stickers, check forms, shares, certificates, stamps, flight tickets and the like, as well as labels, seals, packaging or other elements for product assurance.
• security or value documents such as bank notes made of paper or polymer films or other films, identity cards, passports, visa stickers, check forms, shares, certificates, stamps, flight tickets and the like, as well as labels, seals, packaging or
• Such papers whose commercial or utility value far exceeds the material value, must be recognizable as genuine by suitable measures and distinguishable from counterfeiting and counterfeiting. They are therefore provided with special security elements, which ideally cannot be imitated or can only be copied with great effort and cannot be falsified.
• any printing technique is suitable for generating the motifs, such as screen printing, flexographic printing, letterpress printing and gravure printing, in particular (steel) intaglio printing.
• the intaglio printing technique is particularly suitable as a printing technique for the motifs, which is characterized by its characteristic tactility, which is easily recognizable even for the layperson, and cannot be imitated by other common printing processes or by copiers.
• Intaglio printing is characterized by the fact that it is carried out with printing plates into which recesses are engraved or etched. Paint is filled into these depressions, excess paint is drawn off with a squeegee. The desired substrate is then pressed onto the printing plate or vice versa and the color is transferred from the depressions to the substrate. At the same time, the substrate is embossed by means of the depressions, so that the tactile structure typical of intaglio printing is formed.
• the depressions have the form of suitably arranged thin lines or dots. Accordingly, the motif is generated by printing thin lines or dots in the desired printing area, so that the entirety of the lines or dots, viewed from a sufficient distance, ultimately gives the viewer an impression of a desired flat motif.
• the intaglio motifs can be perceived either visually or tactilely or both visually and tactilely.
• a intaglio printing process is known, with which full-surface colored areas can be produced.
• printing plates are used in which the engraved lines overlap one another. In other words, webs or edges remain between the lines that do not reach all the way to the surface of the printing plate. As a result, the lines overlap in the print motif created with the printing plate, so that a continuous surface is created.
• Different color depths and / or color tones can be realized in every printing method using lines by applying lines of different widths and / or different mutual distances. From a visual point of view, thin lines at a great distance result in a light color and wide lines at a small distance result in a dark, rich color. The alternating lines in different colors create mixed colors in the visual impression.
• the thickness of the paint application determines the color tone. For example, when printing on a white data medium with thin layers of ink, a light color is obtained, when printing with thick layers of color, darker shades are obtained.
• Pasty or flowable printing inks containing a solvent and color pigments distributed therein are usually used to print the motifs.
• a binder can also be contained in the printing ink.
• the individual color pigments can themselves have a complex internal structure. After printing the ink onto a desired substrate, the solvent escapes at least partially from the printing ink, and the color pigments remain.
• a security paper is typically first produced in order to produce the named data carriers (securities, etc.).
• security features and / or motifs are applied to a paper substrate, for example in the form of a paper tape rolled up into a paper roll.
• individual sheets are usually cut off from the security paper and then printed and possibly provided with further features. The sheets are then cut into individual documents of value, for example banknotes.
• the substrate to be printed is usually passed between two parallel, rotatably mounted cylinders.
• the colored printing plate is arranged on the surface of one cylinder, the printing cylinder.
• the other cylinder serves as a gene cylinder to transfer the motif of the printing plate to the substrate under pressure.
• the multi-cylinder printing machine is known, for example, for sequential, multicolor printing.
• the substrate passes through several printing units in succession, each of which has a pair of cylinders and devices for applying the color to the respective printing cylinder.
• a different color is printed with each printing unit. In between, the substrate runs more or less freely.
• the single-cylinder printing machine or synonymous central cylinder printing machine, is known as a further printing machine.
• the substrate runs tightly around a single central cylinder, on the circumference of which a plurality of printing units, each with a printing cylinder, are arranged.
• the printing plate for a different color is arranged on each of the printing cylinders.
• the paper revolving around the central cylinder thus passes the printing cylinders for the different colors one after the other in the circumferential direction of the central cylinder.
• the advantage of the central cylinder printing machine is that the substrate to be printed always lies on the central cylinder and therefore no free web length runs between the printing units, which ensures optimal substrate guidance of the substrate to be printed between the individual printing units.
• the single-cylinder printing machine therefore has a particularly high registration accuracy.
• a security feature to additionally provide security documents such as banknotes with a chip in which data can be stored in electronic form.
• the chip has the outer shape of a flat plate.
• the chip In order for the chip to be easily integrated into the security document without the security document being bulged, the chip must be very thin.
• thin silicon-based chips or based on other crystalline, in particular monocrystalline or polycrystalline, semiconductors, and possibly also compound semiconductors
• the thinly ground chips have the disadvantage that they are sensitive to breakage.
• chips based on organic polymers are also under development. Such polymer-based chips are flexible and therefore less sensitive to breakage.
• Both silicon-based and polymer-based chips represent a foreign body in the security document that stands out more or less conspicuously from the security document, so that there is a risk that the chip will be manipulated and falsified or damaged intentionally or unintentionally. This affects the security of the security document against forgery. It is therefore desirable that the chip is built into the security document as inconspicuously as possible and well integrated.
• the invention has for its object to provide a data carrier that offers a particularly high level of protection against counterfeiting and to provide a method for producing the data carrier according to the invention.
• the electronic circuit has components that are circuit parts and elements of the motif in the printing area at the same time, the circuit is particularly well and inconspicuously integrated in the data carrier and consequently particularly well protected against intentional and unintentional manipulation, damage and falsification. This creates a data carrier with a particularly high level of protection against counterfeiting.
• At least one of the graphic elements is designed as a line and has the function of an electrically or optically conductive conductor track.
• At least one of the graphic elements has the function of an electrical or optical component or a part of such a component.
• connection point and / or intersection point of at least two lines can be provided in particular in the motif, wherein a conductor track is formed by each of the two lines and the component at the connection point or Crossing point of at least two lines.
• part of the lines has the function of an antenna for contacting the electronic circuit.
• This embodiment has the advantage that the data carrier can be contacted in a contactless manner and, as a result, is only subjected to a slight mechanical load in comparison to a data carrier contacted by contact.
• the fact that the lines are used as an antenna means that the antenna is integrated into the data carrier particularly inconspicuously.
• a contact-type contact can be provided for the circuit.
• the contacting of the circuit can further be carried out according to any suitable method described in DE 101 63 267.3 or PCT / EP02 / 14606.
• the part of the circuit formed by the graphic element preferably has an electrical conductivity or light conductivity, which is achieved by the composition of the printing ink used to print the part.
• the data carrier can at the same time have both lines that act as electrically conductive tracks and lines that act as light-conducting tracks, both in the same motif and in different motifs, and, if appropriate, additionally electrical and / or optical components.
• FIG. 2 shows a schematic illustration of an FET, which is arranged between two graphic elements designed as lines, according to one embodiment of the invention, in cross section;
• Fig. 3 shows the FET of Fig. 2A, in on.
• Fig. 1 shows a motif in the form of a column 101, which is printed on a banknote.
• Column 101 has a plurality of lines 102, 103.
• the column is bordered by a contour line 102.
• the contour line 102 is from a Printing ink printed which contains conductive silver paste or consists entirely of conductive silver paste, ie in the latter case the conductive silver paste is used as the printing ink.
• the column 101 has wall lines 103 through which a brick appearance of the column 101 is generated.
• the wall lines 103 are printed from a printing ink which has color pigments with a colored conductive polymer material. At some crossing points. 104 of wall lines 103, which are shown in bold in FIG. 1, electronic components are provided.
• 2, 3 show a schematic representation of an FET, which is arranged between two graphic elements designed as lines, according to one embodiment of the invention, in cross section or in supervision. 2, 3 show in more detail a first line and a second line which cross each other, a field effect transistor (FET) being arranged at the crossing point of the first and second lines.
• the first line realizes a gate line 201 and a gate electrode 202 of the FET formed in one piece therewith.
• the second line forms a data line 203, the source electrode 204 and the drain electrode 205 and the channel region 206 of the FET.
• the source electrode 204 and the drain electrode 205 as well as the channel region 206 are inserted into the data line 203 of the FET.
• An insulating layer 207 is arranged between the gate line 201 on the one hand and the data line 203, the source electrode 204, the drain electrode 205 and the channel region 206 on the other hand, which extends at least so far over the data line 203 that it electrically isolates the data line 203 guaranteed by the gate line 201.
• the gate line 201, the data line 203, the gate electrode 202, the source electrode 204 and the drain electrode 205 are printed from a printing ink which has color pigments with a conductive polymer material.
• the channel region 206 is printed from a printing ink that has color pigments with a semiconducting polymer material.
• the insulating layer 207 is printed from an insulating polymer material. In one embodiment variant, the channel region 206 and the insulating layer 207 are produced from a transparent printing ink with the corresponding properties (semiconducting, insulating).
• This variant has the advantage, in particular when using glazing colors, that the hue of the crossing point of the two lines with the component (transistor, FET), which has more layers of color than a single line, is nevertheless essentially the same as that Color tone of a single line, so that the component is housed particularly inconspicuously.
• the multilayer color arrangement at the point of intersection with the component is used to produce mixed colors for the visual impression.
• the data line 203, source and drain electrode 204, 205 and the channel region 206 are printed in front of the gate line 201 and the gate electrode 202 according to one embodiment. This creates an FET with an overhead gate 202. According to another embodiment, printing is carried out in reverse order, so that an FET with an overhead channel region 206 is created.
• a bipolar transistor is arranged at a crossing point of two lines which have the function of electrical lines.
• the lines are printed from a printing ink that is p-type (or n-type) in the print result, and in between an element is printed from a print color that is n-type (or p-type) in the print result, so that a pnp Layer structure (or npn layer structure) is formed.
• Leading in the print result here means that the finished printed and possibly dried motif is correspondingly conductive.
• the printing ink has color pigments in the form of electrically conductive particles.
• the printing ink has metal particles or intrinsically or extrinsically conductive polymers or conductive composite particles which contain metals and / or conductive polymers and possibly other conductive and / or non-conductive substances. Possibly. kick the. electrical conductivity of a motif printed with the printing ink only after the solvent contained in the printing ink has evaporated or struck away (i.e. escaped into the printing substrate).
• different colors are preferably produced by using different polymers.
• the colors green, blue and red are realized by polyaniline, poly-3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene (B AYTRON TM) or polyacetylene.
• Printing inks with mixtures of different polymers are preferably used to produce mixed colors.
• mixed colors are created by alternately printing lines of different colors. Colors of different saturation are generated, for example, by applying layers of color of different thickness.
• intrinsically non-conductive polymers which are doped with carbon black and are used as polymeric color pigments in the printing ink, which only obtain their electrical conductivity through the doping. These are used in particular to create black or brown lines, so that, depending on the other parameters such as line width and spacing and / or possibly color layer thickness and / or degree of doping, black, gray and brown color tones in different degrees of saturation are generated.
• a colorless polymer material which is doped with the carbon black is used to produce the deepest possible black or brown colors for the polymeric color pigments.
• a colored polymer material doped with carbon black is used to produce mixed colors with black or brown.
• gray tones and silver tones are generated by using silver conductive paste.
• metal pigments metal pigments
• gray tones and silver tones are generated by using silver conductive paste.
• the use of other metal pigments creates additional colors such as black, brown and red-brown.
• the color pigments can contain polymer materials or metals of only one type or contain mixtures of different polymer materials or different metals or mixtures of metals and polymer materials and / or other electrically conductive materials. Different shades and conductivity properties can be created due to the different mixtures.
• the individual color pigments are formed entirely from the conductive polymer material or metal.
• the individual color pigments are formed from a composite material which, in addition to the polymer material or metal, has further materials.
• light-conducting structures or elements are provided in the motif according to a further embodiment of the invention. The light-guiding effect of such structures is used, for example, to create a light-guiding connection between two components and can be used in particular in optical computers.
• the printing ink has light-conducting dyes and / or light-conducting color pigments and / or a light-conducting matrix provided with dyes and / or color pigments, so that in any case the motif printed with the printing ink has the desired light-conducting properties .
• Solvents are optionally included in the printing ink. Possibly. the light-guiding properties only appear after solvents in the printing ink have evaporated or knocked off (i.e. have escaped into the printing substrate) or after chemical reactions such as e.g. Polymerizations in the printing ink have taken place.
• a printing ink is preferably used in which coloring dyes are dissolved in a light-guiding matrix, since such a printing ink has particularly homogeneous light-guiding properties.
• dyes are used, they are preferably dissolved in a suitable matrix.
• a monomer for example methyl methacrylate (MMA), is preferably used as the starting material for the matrix.
• a suitable solvent and a suitable initiator, as well as the fluorescent dye, are added to the monomer and thus polymerize to give a colored polymer.
• PMMA polymethyl methacrylate, plexiglass
• PMMA polymethyl methacrylate, plexiglass
• the light-conducting color pigments can comprise only a single light-conducting dye or mixtures of different light-conducting dyes or mixtures of different conductive, non-conductive, coloring and non-coloring substances.
• Luminous dyes are optionally used as dyes in the printing ink or luminescent pigments (luminescent pigments) are used as color pigments.
• the dyes or color pigments have the additional advantageous effect that they provide an additional possibility for coupling light into the printed graphic element, e.g. that is, the light-guiding path. If light falls on a printed light-guiding path at a steep angle, in extreme cases at a right angle, the majority of the light is transmitted with a light guide without dyes or color particles. In the case of a light guide with dyes or color particles, these absorb a considerable part of the light and emit light which is slightly frequency-shifted into the light-guiding path, where it is transmitted as usual via total reflection.
• one or more of the fluorescent dyes listed in DE 40 29 167 A1 and the documents mentioned therein are used, for example, as luminescent dyes.
• Fluorescent dyes are available in many colors such as yellow, red or violet.
• the fluorescent dyes are preferably introduced as matrix in a suitable, preferably optically clear, lacquer.
• the printing ink contains solvents and / or binders and / or fillers and / or plasticizers. This applies to the printing ink for electrically conductive elements and also for the printing ink for light-conducting elements.
• the print area can display any motif. Motifs that are particularly difficult to print are preferred, in particular finely structured printed images such as Guilloches, alphanumeric characters etc. No further requirements are imposed on the area of the printing area. For example, the entire surface of the document can be printed or one or more limited areas.
• the printed elements which are designed as lines, or a part thereof can be arranged, for example, in such a way that a printing area is filled substantially uniformly through them, so that a flat visual color impression is produced.
• printed lines can be arranged in such a way that they represent a contour of a motif or a partial motif.
• the motif can be visually or tactilely or both visually and tactilely perceptible.
• the following printing processes are used, for example, as printing techniques for generating the motif: letterpress printing, flexographic printing, gravure printing, in particular intaglio printing, screen printing, inkjet printing, in particular continuous inkjet printing.
• Printing processes in which the printing inks contain a high proportion of solvent are preferred as printing processes for producing the motif for the data carrier according to the invention, so that as little insulating material (eg binding agent) as possible remains after the solvent has been knocked off or evaporated between the individual conductive particles.
• Water or another solvent can be used as the solvent, depending on the color pigments and other materials used, for example binders, further consideration being given to the special requirements of the individual printing processes and the production and delivery forms of the polymers.
• poly-3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene (B AYTRON TM) is supplied in an aqueous dispersion, and therefore a water-based ink system is preferably used for this polymer material.
• a printing ink which contains a conductive binder and / or a conductive filler is used for printing the lines and possibly the further elements.
• This embodiment is particularly preferred for intaglio printing, in particular for steel intaglio printing, since here the proportion of pigment, ie the proportion of color pigments, in the printing ink is very low.
• two or more printing processes are carried out in succession, in which a respective line or other element is printed two or more times as precisely as possible one above the other in order to eliminate missing dots that would interrupt the conductivity, and as a result to create a continuous line or other element.
• the design of the motif is furthermore equipped with redundant structures according to a variant of the invention, which compensate for any damage. For example, at a point at which an - electrically or optically - conductive connection (line) is to be provided, not only a single line is provided, but a double line. If one of the two lines is not continuous and therefore not conductive, the second line is still available.
• Intaglio printing with suitable printing parameters, is also particularly preferred for the reason that, with a suitable choice of printing parameters, a tactile perceptible motif is generated.
• Electrical conductor tracks or optical light guide tracks which are usually also tactile, can therefore be arranged particularly inconspicuously.
• the elements / Lines with the function and the elements / lines without the function are designed so that they are essentially indistinguishable from a visual and / or tactile point of view. This avoids that by simple viewing or scanning, if necessary with technical aids such as microscopes or probes, the circuit parts are identified in the motif.
• a high level of register accuracy is required from the printing press side. Therefore, a single-cylinder printing machine, or synonymous central cylinder printing machine, is preferably used for printing according to the invention.
• the motifs can be printed directly on the data carrier, in particular the security, the banknote or the sheet-shaped banknote paper.
• the motif can be printed on a separate carrier (auxiliary substrate) and then transferred to the data carrier (security, security paper, etc.).
• auxiliary substrate auxiliary substrate
• the data carrier security, security paper, etc.
• Transfer foil in particular a hot stamping foil
• the graphic elements are completely prepared on the transfer film and then transferred under the action of pressure and / or heat at least in some areas to the value document or security paper.
• the transfer film is then removed again.
• an adhesive layer is additionally applied as an adhesion promoter between the data carrier (security, security paper, etc.) and the prefabricated motif.
• embossing film is known for example from DE 101 09519 (WO 02/083430 A2).
• a carrier for example a film, for example made of a polymer material
• the bearer together with the motif becomes a whole, so-called Patch, transferred to the data carrier (security, etc.) and attached there, for example by an adhesive layer.
• suitable etching techniques and photolithographic methods are additionally used to structure the motif, in particular if the motif is prefabricated on a carrier as described above and then transferred to the data carrier.
• suitable etching techniques and photolithographic methods are additionally used to structure the motif, in particular if the motif is prefabricated on a carrier as described above and then transferred to the data carrier.
• the use of structured vapor-deposited metal layers and thin-layer arrangements to produce a color shift effect is provided.
• the surface of the data carrier to be printed is smoothed in an upstream step in order to ensure even better the functionality of the components. This is e.g. by applying a lamination (for paper, e.g. painting the paper).

Landscapes

• Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
• Accounting & Taxation (AREA)
• Finance (AREA)
• Printing Methods (AREA)
• Credit Cards Or The Like (AREA)
• Braking Elements And Transmission Devices (AREA)
• Valve Device For Special Equipments (AREA)
• Holo Graphy (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (2)

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• 2003
  • 2003-04-15 DE DE10317292A patent/DE10317292A1/de not_active Withdrawn
• 2004
  • 2004-04-13 PT PT04726986T patent/PT1615778E/pt unknown
  • 2004-04-13 WO PCT/EP2004/003870 patent/WO2004091929A1/fr active IP Right Grant
  • 2004-04-13 DE DE502004003282T patent/DE502004003282D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 2004-04-13 ES ES04726986T patent/ES2282859T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 2004-04-13 EP EP04726986A patent/EP1615778B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 2004-04-13 AT AT04726986T patent/ATE357344T1/de active

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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