EP1614187A1 - Reflecteur, notamment pour une antenne de radiotelephonie mobile - Google Patents

Reflecteur, notamment pour une antenne de radiotelephonie mobile

Info

Publication number
EP1614187A1
EP1614187A1 EP04712547A EP04712547A EP1614187A1 EP 1614187 A1 EP1614187 A1 EP 1614187A1 EP 04712547 A EP04712547 A EP 04712547A EP 04712547 A EP04712547 A EP 04712547A EP 1614187 A1 EP1614187 A1 EP 1614187A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
reflector
modules
reflector according
another
fastening
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP04712547A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Maximilian GÖTTL
Stefan Berger
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Kathrein SE
Original Assignee
Kathrein Werke KG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Kathrein Werke KG filed Critical Kathrein Werke KG
Publication of EP1614187A1 publication Critical patent/EP1614187A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/42—Housings not intimately mechanically associated with radiating elements, e.g. radome
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/12—Supports; Mounting means
    • H01Q1/22—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles
    • H01Q1/24—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/12—Supports; Mounting means
    • H01Q1/1207—Supports; Mounting means for fastening a rigid aerial element
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/12—Supports; Mounting means
    • H01Q1/22—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles
    • H01Q1/24—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set
    • H01Q1/241—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM
    • H01Q1/246—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM specially adapted for base stations
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q15/00—Devices for reflection, refraction, diffraction or polarisation of waves radiated from an antenna, e.g. quasi-optical devices
    • H01Q15/14—Reflecting surfaces; Equivalent structures
    • H01Q15/141—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing reflecting surfaces
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
    • H01Q21/0006—Particular feeding systems
    • H01Q21/0025—Modular arrays
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
    • H01Q21/0087—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing antenna arrays
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q3/00—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system
    • H01Q3/12—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system using mechanical relative movement between primary active elements and secondary devices of antennas or antenna systems
    • H01Q3/16—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system using mechanical relative movement between primary active elements and secondary devices of antennas or antenna systems for varying relative position of primary active element and a reflecting device

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a reflector, in particular for a mobile radio antenna according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • Mobile radio antennas for mobile radio base stations are usually constructed in such a way that a plurality of radiator arrangements located one above the other are provided in front of a reflector plane in the vertical direction.
  • These radiator arrangements for example, consist of dipoles or patch radiators.
  • the entire antenna arrangement can be designed for transmission in one band or in two or more frequency bands, for example by using several radiators and radiator groups suitable for the different frequency bands.
  • mobile radio antennas with different length variants are required. The length variants depend, inter alia, on the number of individual radiators or radiator groups to be provided, the same or similar radiator arrangements generally being arranged repeatedly one above the other.
  • Such an antenna or antenna array comprises a common reflector for all radiator arrangements.
  • This common reflector usually consists of a reflector plate, which can be punched, bent and folded depending on the requirements, for example in order to be able to form a reflector edge region projecting forward from the reflector plane on the two opposite lateral vertical edges.
  • additional sheet metal parts can be soldered onto the reflector if necessary.
  • profiles for example extruded aluminum profiles, etc., which are also attached to or in front of the reflector level.
  • the antennas produced in this way are always subject to a restricted function and load-bearing capacity, since the requirements with regard to the undesired intermodulation products may not be met, particularly in the case of poor contact points or unsuitable material combinations. If problems arise in a test run with regard to the checked radiation diagram of an antenna, it cannot be said immediately which contact points may have contributed to the deteriorated intermodulation properties.
  • the object of the present invention is therefore to create an improved possibility of realizing antennas with high quality properties, and this with a comparatively high quality standard.
  • the solution according to the invention creates an antenna, in particular for the mobile radio sector, which takes the highest quality requirements into account. Unwanted modulation products are avoided or significantly reduced compared to conventional solutions. A significant quality improvement also results from the fact that the additional lines and electrical see components, which are provided separately and are usually housed on the back of the reflector device, are at least partially integrated into the reflector according to the invention.
  • the reflector or, if the reflector consists, for example, of a plurality of reflector modules which can be assembled, that at least one of the reflector modules is formed in one piece, at least in its basic or basic configuration, namely preferably in a casting, deep-drawing or embossing or in a milling process.
  • this is also referred to as a master molding process.
  • the reflector module can consist of an aluminum pressure casting or generally of a metal casting or also of a plastic injection molding, which is subsequently provided with a metallized surface on one or at least on two opposite surfaces.
  • a reflector module produced in a milling process, preferably on the back of the reflector opposite the radiator modules, which has further integrated parts or components of further components which are required in particular in connection with an antenna.
  • outer conductor contours for the management of high-frequency signals e.g. B. chamber line, coaxial line, strip line etc. on the front, but especially on the back of the reflector with.
  • contours for the electromagnetic shielding of assemblies can be formed.
  • Housing parts for HF components such as filters, switches, distributors, phase shifters can also be molded on, so that after the additional functional parts have been installed in these modules, only a cover then has to be attached.
  • suitable measures such as. B. hot stamping, two-component injection molding, laser processing, etching or the like also complete line structures can be integrated ("three-dimensional circuit board").
  • interfaces for mounting components for fastening or assembly, as well as interfaces for additional devices for example in the form of mounting flanges, heat flanges, etc., can also be implemented.
  • the functional parts are not provided on an integral reflector, but on one or more reflector modules.
  • a reflector should consist of at least two reflector modules that can be assembled.
  • the reflector inserts can directions are also used for differently constructed antennas, which can accommodate different radiator or radiator assemblies, for example.
  • complex, three-dimensional surroundings with functional surfaces in the transverse and / or longitudinal direction or in other directions of the reflector can also be realized with simple means.
  • Such functional areas can, for example, also be realized at an angle to the main axis, ie generally aligned with the vertical extension axis of the reflector.
  • the antenna or reflector design enables a significant reduction in contact points.
  • the number of parts and the assembly effort can be reduced again, and this with high functional integration.
  • the reflector preferably has an edge at least on its two long sides or at least on a narrower transverse side, preferably on its two long sides and on its two end faces. If the reflector consists of at least two or more reflector modules that can be assembled, at least one or preferably all reflector modules each have a corresponding edge on the two long sides and on the at least one narrower transverse side. There are therefore not only lateral boundary webs or boundary surfaces rising transversely to the reflector plane on the two opposite vertical side surfaces, but at least on one of the end side surfaces and preferably on both opposite end side surfaces. Each reflector or each reflector module also has at least one firmly integrated central crosspiece, which has at least one upper one and comprises a lower field for radiator arrangements to be used there.
  • At least two radiator environments are defined, which are generated by an end boundary wall, two sections of the vertical side longitudinal boundaries and the at least one web wall running transversely to the side boundary walls become.
  • a reflector module designed in this way is then in principle also suitable to be assembled at the end with at least one further reflector module, for example of the same type, to form an entire reflector arrangement with a greater vertical extent.
  • a final reflector consists of at least two reflector modules assembled with the same orientation.
  • reflector modules with different designs but with a comparable basic structure, as described above, can also be assembled.
  • the corresponding end walls are correspondingly adapted for the assembly of at least two reflector modules and, for this purpose, preferably have fastening points or fastening points which are offset from one another in two planes.
  • the two reflector modules can be electrically / galvanically contacted in the area of their assembled end walls, or they can also be connected to one another in an electrically isolated manner, for example by interposing an insulating intermediate layer, for example a plastic layer or an other dielectric.
  • a damper material can preferably also be used for the interposition of such an insulating layer, as a result of which certain vibrations of the two reflector module halves to one another are possible to a limited extent even in the event of a strong storm. This therefore serves for increased mechanical security.
  • the mentioned offset level of the attachment points serves also to the fact that there is no accumulation of shape deviations at the connection interface or, if necessary, can be compensated for comparatively easily, that is, in other words, manufacturing tolerances can be compensated for.
  • additional metallic elements can be made, for example, in the form of electrically conductive strips, webs etc. by means of separate ones Holding devices, preferably electrically non-conductive and preferably made of plastic or another dielectric, are used, which are attached to the existing intermediate webs or side boundary wall sections and between which the additional metal elements to be inserted can then be hung. This capacitive anchoring in turn prevents undesired intermodulation products.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic plan view of a reflector consisting of two reflector modules arranged vertically one above the other;
  • Figure 2 is a perspective view of two arranged in the vertical direction to each other
  • FIG. 3a an enlarged perspective detail representation to illustrate the design and assembly of two reflector modules on their facing end boundary section;
  • Figure 3b a corresponding representation to figure
  • FIG. 4 a representation corresponding to FIG. 3, but viewed from the rear;
  • FIG. 5 a perspective cutout representation of the reflector module with additional, preferably dielectric holding and fastening elements for receiving further beam shaping parts in the form of strips, rods, etc .;
  • FIG. 6 a perspective rear view of a reflector module with molded functional parts
  • FIG. 7 shows a cross-sectional view through the reflector in the region of the functional part shown in FIG. 3 and provided on the rear of the reflector;
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic plan view of a reflector 1 which, in the exemplary embodiment shown, is formed from two reflector modules 3 assembled on the end face, in each of which four radiator arrangements 2 are arranged one above the other in the vertical direction.
  • the radiator modules shown are modules constructed in electrical terms as cross radiators, which radiate in two mutually perpendicular polarizations, ie can transmit and receive. These are preferably X-shaped radiators in which the polarization planes are oriented at a plus 45 'to a minus 45 "angle with respect to the horizontal or vertical.
  • radiator shown or indicated is, for example, from In this respect, reference is made to this prior publication and made the content of the present application, but instead any number of other emitter arrangements, for example in the manner of dipole squares, cross-emitters, simply polarized dipole emitters or other emitters or emitter devices including patch spots.
  • each reflector module has two longitudinal side boundaries 5 and two front transverse side boundaries 7, which are formed in the manner of a reflector boundary wall or boundary web, boundary flange, etc. and extend transversely to the plane of the Raise reflector 1, preferably perpendicular to the plane of the reflector plate.
  • the height in relation to the plane 1 'of the reflector 1 can in this case correspond to the desired characteristic radiation properties of a structure constructed in this way. Change the antenna and differ in wide areas.
  • the reflector modules 3 are, for example, in a Netall die-casting process, in an injection molding process, for example in the form of plastic injection molding processes, in which the plastic is then coated at least on one side, preferably all around, with a conductive metallized surface.
  • reflector parts could also be used, possibly in a deep-drawing process or an embossing process, which are produced in a so-called tixo casting process or, for example, also by means of a milling process.
  • the following is also referred to as a primary molding process, even if this term does not mean all of the production processes mentioned above.
  • each of the reflector modules also has four transverse webs 9 which are arranged at a distance from one another in the vertical spacing of the installed reflector and which are likewise produced in an aforementioned primary molding process.
  • five reflector environments are thereby generated for each reflector module 3, each of which is formed by a section of the two outer side boundary walls and by two spaced central or transverse webs 9 or a transverse web 9 and one of the two end boundary walls 7.
  • radiator modules can be firmly anchored and installed on the reflector 1.
  • the radiator modules themselves, in particular dipole radiator structures or patch radiator structures, can have a wide variety of designs.
  • emitters and emitter types as are well known to the person skilled in the art.
  • the reflector module can also be used for antennas and antenna arrays which radiate not only in one frequency band but in two or more frequency bands, for example by installing radiator arrangements in the individual radiator environments which are suitable for different frequency bands.
  • radiator arrangements in the individual radiator environments which are suitable for different frequency bands.
  • the emitters to be set up in the emitter surroundings can consist, for example, of dipole emitters, that is to say of simple dipole emitters that only work in one polarization or in two polarizations, for example consisting of cross-shaped dipole emitters or dipole emitters in the manner of a dipole square, so-called cross-shaped emitters
  • Vector dipoles as are known for example from WO 00/39894 or from radiator arrangements which can radiate and receive in one or two mutually perpendicular polarizations not in one but, for example, also in two or three frequency bands and more.
  • patch spots the arrangement of the reflector modules on certain types of spotlights is not restricted.
  • the reflector 1 is switched off two identical radiator modules 3 are assembled, specifically at their front or transverse side boundary 7.
  • a threaded bore projection 15 projecting in the direction of attachment , whose axial axis is aligned transversely to the plane of the reflector plate.
  • an inwardly protruding threaded bore projection 17 is then formed, such that when the radiator modules 3 are offset by 180 ° to one another, as shown in FIGS.
  • these two radiator modules 3 now meet one another on their end-face side boundary surface 7 can be moved so that the respective threaded bore extension 15 of the respective radiator module 3 protrudes into a corresponding recess 17 'on the other end of the adjacent radiator module 3, which adjoins the threaded bore extension 17 projecting inwards in the axial direction.
  • the threaded bore 15 'introduced in the respective projecting end 15 protrudes in a plan view directly in axial extension below the threaded bore 17' in the inwardly projecting projection 17 of the second reflector module 3, so that they are arranged one above the other in pairs Threaded holes 15 ', 17' a screw 18 can be screwed.
  • the corresponding attachment lugs 15 and 17 are therefore provided on each end wall 7 on each of the two reflector modules 3 at different heights, which enables assembly in a 180 ° relative position to one another in accordance with FIGS. 3a and 3b.
  • the overall dimensions and designs are such that in this position the two the front transverse boundary walls 7 of the two reflector modules come to rest against each other under fixed contact.
  • threaded bore lugs 15 and 17 are offset outwards from the vertical central longitudinal plane and are each formed at different heights on each reflector module 3 (based on the plane 1 'of the reflector 1), there is an optimal two-point support which is high Forces, even wind and vibration forces can absorb.
  • an intermediate material serving as a damper can also be inserted in a sandwich-like manner between the two end faces 7 of two adjacent and assembled reflector modules 3 before joining the two end boundary walls 7 of the two reflector modules.
  • permissible vibrations of the two reflector modules relative to one another can also be permitted to a small extent, which can have advantages in particular when the antenna is exposed to very large forces during strong storms and vibrations.
  • FIGS. 3a, 3b and 4 it can also be seen from FIGS. 3a, 3b and 4 that additional connecting lugs 21 connecting the two reflector modules 3 can be used, of which one screw 23 on one reflector module 3 and the second screw 24 on the other reflector module 3 can be screwed in from the bottom side.
  • the one or more connecting lugs protrude beyond the cut surface separating the two reflector modules 3.
  • FIG. 5 in which two radiation environments 11 of a reflector module are shown in sections.
  • non-conductive holding or fastening devices 27 are placed on the existing crosspieces 9, which are formed in the course of the original shaping process, and are provided with slot-shaped recesses, in order here, for example, further beam-shaping and / or decoupling electrically conductive functional parts can be used, and can be used capacitively.
  • the holding and fastening devices 27 are electrically non-conductive and are preferably made of plastic or another suitable dielectric.
  • the capacitive fastening of the functional parts 29 mentioned also prevents unwanted intermodulation products.
  • the additional fastening and insertion in the radiation surroundings 11 by means of the holding and fastening device 27 mentioned is comparatively simple and highly variable.
  • FIG. 5 further anchoring sections 28 are provided on the cross struts 9 which are provided from the house and are provided with bores 31 oriented transversely to the plane 1 'of the reflector, at which, for example, additional anchoring sections serve for beam shaping and / or components used for the decoupling can be attached, for example pin-shaped or rod-shaped functional parts which extend perpendicularly with respect to plane 1 'of the reflector, etc.
  • the bores 31 thus extend perpendicularly to plane 1' of the reflector, the holding and fastening devices 28 as reinforcing sections in the cross struts 9, but also, if required, as is shown in the illustration according to FIGS. 3a and 3b, are formed on the transverse side boundaries 7.
  • outer conductor sections of a connection and feed structure for two vertically adjacent radiators are shown on the underside.
  • the outer conductor contour projecting downward from the level 1 'of the reflector 1 in the form of a circumferential housing web 35 serves as the outer conductor.
  • Inner conductors 43 can then be anchored therein, for example, by means of holding devices 37 which can be inserted between these housing webs 35 and are preferably non-conductive and made of plastic.
  • Coaxial cables 41 can then be connected via likewise provided feed-in points 39, for example by electrically / galvanically contacting the outer conductor of the coaxial cable with the circumferential housing web 35, which performs the outer conductor function, whereas the inner conductor of the coaxial cable is electrically separated from it at a suitable point the inner conductor 43 provided in the interior of the distributor thus formed is electrically-galvanically connected.
  • the inner conductor is then guided so far in this connection structure and is directed to the other reflector level via one of the holes provided in the reflector plate. leads to establish an electrically conductive connection to the radiator elements provided there.
  • outer conductor structures and outer conductor contours for lines of high-frequency signals for example in the form of chamber lines, coaxial lines or strip lines, but also for example contours for electromagnetic shielding, housing parts for HF -Components such as filters, switches, distributors, phase shifters or, for example, in the form of interfaces for brackets, fastenings, additional devices, etc.
  • radiator modules 3 are oriented rotated by 180 ° relative to one another in order to be assembled together.
  • differently designed radiator modules can also be assembled in the vertical direction if they are each appropriately designed on an end wall, in order to be able to be firmly fixed to one another there by means of a suitable holding and fastening device 27.
  • more than two reflector modules for example three or four etc., can be assembled laterally in the vertical direction or also in the horizontal direction to form an entire antenna array.
  • FIG. 8 There is another example of another functional part shown. Connected in one piece to the reflector material, an outer boundary, that is to say a circumferential housing web 35, is shown here.
  • the reflector itself forms the floor, the housing web 35 forming the outer boundary.
  • This functional part 29 can serve, for example, as a phase shifter arrangement provided on the rear of the reflector.
  • the phase shifters can be constructed as they are known in principle from the prior publication WO 01/13459 AI. In this regard, reference is made to this prior publication and made the content of the present application. In the corresponding design according to FIG.
  • one or more concentrically arranged part-circular stiffener line sections can thus be accommodated, which interact with a pointer-like adjustment element, via which the path length to the two connected radiators or radiator groups and thus the phase position for the radiator elements can be adjusted and adjusted, for example in order to be able to set a different downtilt angle.
  • Any other different types of functional parts with other functions and tasks can also be at least partially designed at home on the reflector, preferably on the rear.
  • the installation space which is formed by the reflector base and the circumferential housing web 35 can be closed by fastening and attaching a cover arrangement which, depending on the intended use, is electrically is trically conductive, preferably consists of a metal part, or else can also be formed from a plastic or dielectric part and the like.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Aerials With Secondary Devices (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un réflecteur amélioré pour une antenne, notamment une antenne de radiotéléphonie mobile. Le réflecteur selon l'invention est caractérisé en ce qu'il est produit par un procédé de coulée, par un procédé d'emboutissage profond ou d'estampage ou par un procédé de fraisage, de préférence avec ses deux délimitations longitudinales (5) et de préférence avec au moins une délimitation transversale (7) côté frontal, et en ce qu'il comprend au moins une pièce fonctionnelle intégrée supplémentaire (29) qui est également produite par un procédé de coulée, par un procédé d'emboutissage profond ou d'estampage ou par un procédé de fraisage.
EP04712547A 2003-04-11 2004-02-19 Reflecteur, notamment pour une antenne de radiotelephonie mobile Withdrawn EP1614187A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10316786A DE10316786A1 (de) 2003-04-11 2003-04-11 Reflektor, insbesondere für eine Mobilfunk-Antenne
PCT/EP2004/001614 WO2004091041A1 (fr) 2003-04-11 2004-02-19 Reflecteur, notamment pour une antenne de radiotelephonie mobile

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1614187A1 true EP1614187A1 (fr) 2006-01-11

Family

ID=33103336

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP04712547A Withdrawn EP1614187A1 (fr) 2003-04-11 2004-02-19 Reflecteur, notamment pour une antenne de radiotelephonie mobile

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US6930651B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP1614187A1 (fr)
KR (1) KR20060008312A (fr)
CN (1) CN2694517Y (fr)
DE (1) DE10316786A1 (fr)
TW (1) TW200507344A (fr)
WO (1) WO2004091041A1 (fr)

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US6930651B2 (en) 2005-08-16
WO2004091041A1 (fr) 2004-10-21
KR20060008312A (ko) 2006-01-26
CN2694517Y (zh) 2005-04-20
DE10316786A1 (de) 2004-11-18
US20040201543A1 (en) 2004-10-14
TW200507344A (en) 2005-02-16
WO2004091041A8 (fr) 2005-03-31

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