EP1611004B1 - Sea anchor for protecting the sea floor - Google Patents

Sea anchor for protecting the sea floor Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1611004B1
EP1611004B1 EP03796181A EP03796181A EP1611004B1 EP 1611004 B1 EP1611004 B1 EP 1611004B1 EP 03796181 A EP03796181 A EP 03796181A EP 03796181 A EP03796181 A EP 03796181A EP 1611004 B1 EP1611004 B1 EP 1611004B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
shaft
sleeve
lever
sea anchor
anchor according
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EP03796181A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1611004A1 (en
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Antoine Canu
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Individual
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B21/00—Tying-up; Shifting, towing, or pushing equipment; Anchoring
    • B63B21/24—Anchors
    • B63B21/46—Anchors with variable, e.g. sliding, connection to the chain, especially for facilitating the retrieval of the anchor

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a rocking marine anchor and relates in particular to a marine anchor to protect the seabed.
  • a marine anchor can be considered as a hook that, dropped from a boat, clings to the seabed and keeps the boat motionless and therefore safe.
  • the anchor mainly includes a pointed portion able to sink into the ground or to cling to the relief of the bottom.
  • the anchor is released and the anchor line is unrolled until the anchor reaches the bottom.
  • the mooring line continues to unwind until the length of the mooring line reaches at least three times the water level.
  • the line is moored to the boat in order to be blocked, the traction in the line increases and the anchor, towed on the bottom burrows into the ground or clings to the relief and blocks itself.
  • the two phases of anchoring, the installation of the anchor and the raising of the anchor are not done without degradation of funds.
  • the anchors represent an important cause of the degradation of the marine environment.
  • buoy d'orin a complementary system called buoy d'orin.
  • This system consists of a cable attached by one of its ends to a ring located on the axis of the blades, one buoy being attached to the other end.
  • the anchor is then raised anchor by the orin so upside down from the classic ascent. But this system is painful to implement and often ineffective. Therefore, it is used in special cases, for example to signal the anchorage to potential future arrivals when it is very busy sites.
  • rock anchor type anchors that have a system for unlocking the blades during the ascent of the anchor.
  • the anchor line passes vertically, the movable loop on which is attached the chain is then positioned perpendicular to the penis, the blades are unlocked and so rotate freely around their axis.
  • the anchor then easily emerges from its anchor point and its ascent is thus without any difficulty and without degradation of the seabed.
  • the object of the invention is to provide a rocker anchor type anchoring device equipped with a reliable blade unlocking system allowing the protection of the seabed and whatever the wetting phase.
  • the object of the invention is therefore a marine anchor comprising a hollow shaft, a shaft / blade shaft rotating with respect to the hollow axis, a bolt axis capable of blocking the rotation of the shaft / blade shaft, a lever adapted to receiving a wetting line, the lever pivoting between a first position and a second position to move the lock shaft from its locking position to its unlocking position of the axis / blade crew.
  • the marine anchor comprises means for pivoting the lever from its first to its second position when the tensile force in the wetting line is below a certain value.
  • the anchor comprises a hollow shaft composed of two hollow tubes 10 and 12 called rods, a sleeve 11 extending the rod 12 and in which pivots the shaft / blade crew and a chain 18 attached to the end of the rod 10 by a lever assembly 34, a rod not visible in the figure and a movable loop 36.
  • the axis / blade crew comprises an axis 13, two main blades 14 and four secondary blades 15 and 17 between which two cubic blocks 16 are positioned.
  • the axis 13 pivots inside a sleeve 11 which is a perpendicular extension of the rod 12.
  • the chain 18 is extended by a wetting line such as a cable or a chain.
  • the rod 10 is fitted into the rod 12 over about ten centimeters and held in this position by means of at least one bolt 37 screwed into the wall of the rod 10 and passing through an oblong hole 35 of the penis 12.
  • the length of the oblong hole 35 allows the rotation of the rod 10 relative to the yard 12 by 10 °.
  • the marine anchor preferably includes another bolt located on the rod 10 and passing through another oblong hole of the rod 12, the bolt and the hole being located opposite the bolt 37 and the hole 35.
  • a spring 22 is fixed on one side to the end of the rod 10 on a stop 54 and the other to a movable part 24 called sleeve, sliding inside the rod 10.
  • the spring 22 is such that it pushes on the sleeve 24 so as to hold it by compression in a position as close as possible to the end of the rod 10 on the lever 34 side.
  • the sleeve 24 is connected by an axis 42 to a rod 32 itself. even connected to a lever 34 by an axis 44.
  • the axis 42 is movable in translation along two oblong holes 30 located in the wall of the rod 10 so that the lever 34 pivots on the axis 46 attached to the rod 10, between two positions, a first position in which it is aligned with the rod 10 and a second position in which it makes a maximum angle with the rod 10.
  • the lever 34 allows the attachment of the chain 18, directly or through the movable loop 36.
  • a lock pin 20 slides inside the tubes 10 and 12 and inside the hollow sleeve 24 and is guided inside the rod 12 in its longitudinal movement by a ring 52 on the inner wall of the rod 12
  • the lock pin 20 is connected on the one hand to the sleeve 24 by a sliding connection by means of axis 40, called pin in the following description, passing through the bolt axis at one of its ends and whose movement is limited by the oblong holes 28 made in the sleeve 24 and connected on the other hand to the end of a spring 26 placed inside the sleeve 24, the other end of the spring being fixed to the sleeve on a stop 56.
  • the one of the ends of the lock pin 20 is secured to both the pin 40 and the spring 26 while the other end of the lock pin 20 is engaged or not within the axis 13 carrying the blades.
  • the stiffness of the spring 22 is greater than the stiffness of the spring 26.
  • the spring 26 is such that at rest it holds the pin 40 at the end of the oblong holes 28 on the side of the axis 13 carrying the blades.
  • the length of the oblong holes 28 delimits the stroke of the bolt axis between two extreme positions allowing on the one hand the free rotation of the shaft / blade assembly relative to the sleeve 11 at the end of the shaft 12 and other the blocking of the shaft / blade unit with respect to the sleeve 11 and the shaft 12.
  • the pin 40 In the first position, the pin 40 is located at the end of the oblong holes 28 on the chain side and the bolt axis 20 is outside the groove 50 thus allowing the free rotation of the axis 13 in the sleeve 11.
  • the pin 40 is located at the end of the oblong holes 28 on the blade side and the lock pin 20 is inside a groove 50 made in the axis 13 of the blades so as to block the rotation of the axis 13 in the sleeve 11.
  • FIG. 2 illustrates the first position in which the blades are free and unlocked while the figure 3 illustrates the second position in which the blades are blocked.
  • the shape of the groove 50 is elongated so that the axis 13 of the blades can rotate on its axis by an arc of 70 ° when the lock pin 20 is engaged inside.
  • the anchor in the first phase of anchoring, the anchor is released from the boat and lowered into the water to immobilize the boat.
  • the mooring line is unrolled until the anchor reaches the bottom.
  • the mooring line continues to unroll until its length reaches at least three times the water level.
  • the chain is then placed generally at the bottom and its tension is not important. However, when the tension in the chain is low, the force exerted by the spring 22 is sufficient to maintain the sleeve 24 towards the end of the rod 10 on the side of the free loop 36 driving the spring 26 and therefore the 20.
  • the lever 34 and the rod 32 are then not aligned but form an angle as shown in FIG. figure 2 since the spring 22 exerts a force on the sleeve 24 and the rod which is not compensated by the tension of the chain so that the axis 42, positioned at the end of the rod and integral with the sleeve 24 is located side of the oblong holes 30 opposite the blades.
  • the sleeve 24 is held by the spring 22 in a position as close as possible to the end of the yard 10 on the side of the chain. In this way, the bolt axis remains outside the groove 50.
  • the anchor is towed on the bottom. Thanks to the free rotation of the axis 13 in the sleeve 11, the blades rotate about their axis. The small blades 15 and 17 as well as the blocks 16 help the rotation. In this way, the main blades 14 do not plow the bottom and do not tear the flora.
  • the line is moored to the boat and is stretched by the weight of the anchor.
  • the tension of the chain 18 increases and becomes greater than the threshold value, the lever 34 tends to align with the rod 10 by pivoting about the axis 46 attached to the rod 10, thus causing the rod 32 to align also on the axis of the rod 10 so that the axis 42 moves in the slot 30 towards its end side of the blades. Therefore, beyond a certain value of the tension of the chain, corresponding to the threshold value, the movements of the axis 42 and the sleeve 24 are not prevented by the action of the spring 22 which is compressed.
  • the lock pin 20 on which the spring 26 exerts a force then engages in the groove 50 as soon as it is then aligned thereon as shown in FIG. figure 3 .
  • the blades are locked and stop rotating freely about their axis, so that the blades bury themselves in the ground and immobilize the boat.
  • the anchor then raises with the main blades 14 directed towards the bottom as shown on the figure 4 , without these have torn flora.
  • the chain 18 is then stretched during the ascent and the lock pin 20 then undergoes a significant pressure force of the spring 26 then compressed to the maximum.
  • the lock pin 20 is no longer opposite the opening 50 and then bears on the axis 13 without any effect on the blade locking system.
  • the unlocking locking mechanism is inside a hollow tube also has an advantage. Indeed, thanks to this fairing, the algae can not get stuck in the mechanism that remains clean.
  • the anchor does not transport algae from one site to another, thus preventing any spread of algae such as the alga Caulerpa Taxifolia, which is harmful for the balance of the underwater flora of the Mediterranean coasts.

Abstract

The anchor has two tubular hollow arms at the end of which, a sleeve (2) supports and moves around the crew centers/blades. A locking system is constituted by a tie rod (3), a bolt (9) and a compression spring (11) for blocking, releasing, and reversing a rod, where system is present in the interior of the anchor. The bolt is maintained in the position of blocking by the spring in a groove (13) on the blades.

Description

Domaine techniqueTechnical area

La présente invention concerne une ancre marine à bascule et concerne en particulier une ancre marine pour protéger les fonds marins.The present invention relates to a rocking marine anchor and relates in particular to a marine anchor to protect the seabed.

Etat de la techniqueState of the art

Une ancre marine peut être considérée comme un crochet qui, largué d'un bateau, s'accroche sur le fond marin et permet de maintenir le bateau immobile et donc en sécurité. Même s'il existe de nombreux types d'ancres, la fonction principale étant de s'accrocher au fond marin, l'ancre comprend principalement une partie pointue apte à s'enfoncer dans le sol ou à s'agripper au relief du fond. Lors du mouillage, l'ancre est larguée et la ligne de mouillage est déroulée jusqu'à ce que l'ancre atteigne le fond. Ensuite, tandis que le bateau recule lentement, la ligne de mouillage continue à être déroulée jusqu'à ce que la longueur de la ligne de mouillage atteigne au moins trois fois la hauteur d'eau. Une fois la longueur de ligne calculée atteinte, la ligne est amarrée au bateau afin d'y être bloquée, la traction dans la ligne augmente et l'ancre, tractée sur le fond s'enfouit dans le sol ou s'accroche au relief et se bloque.A marine anchor can be considered as a hook that, dropped from a boat, clings to the seabed and keeps the boat motionless and therefore safe. Although there are many types of anchors, the main function is to cling to the seabed, the anchor mainly includes a pointed portion able to sink into the ground or to cling to the relief of the bottom. During anchoring, the anchor is released and the anchor line is unrolled until the anchor reaches the bottom. Then, as the boat slowly recedes, the mooring line continues to unwind until the length of the mooring line reaches at least three times the water level. Once the calculated line length is reached, the line is moored to the boat in order to be blocked, the traction in the line increases and the anchor, towed on the bottom burrows into the ground or clings to the relief and blocks itself.

Malheureusement dans ce processus d'ancrage, lorsque l'ancre a atteint le fond, il arrive souvent que l'ancre soit tirée par le bateau alors que la ligne est en train d'être déroulée. Le fond est alors labouré par les pales pointues de l'ancre. Lorsqu'il s'agit d'un fond tapissé d'algues ou d'herbes telles que des posidonies, herbes très fréquentes sur les fonds peu profonds de la côte méditerranéenne, l'ancre arrache alors la flore sur son passage.Unfortunately in this process of anchoring, when the anchor has reached the bottom, it often happens that the anchor is pulled by the boat while the line is being unrolled. The bottom is then plowed by the sharp blades of the anchor. When it comes to a background lined with seaweed or grasses such as posidonia, a very common herb on the shallow depths of the Mediterranean coast, the anchor then pulls the flora in its path.

De même, lors de la remontée de l'ancre, le bateau " remonte " sur l'ancre au moteur, la ligne de mouillage puis l'ancre passent progressivement en position verticale, et les pales de l'ancre se dégagent du fonds. Il est évident que le désengagement de l'ancre ne se fait pas sans arracher la flore ou abîmer les fonds.Similarly, during the ascent of the anchor, the boat "goes back" on the anchor to the engine, the anchor line then the anchor gradually passes in a vertical position, and the anchor blades are released from the bottom. It is obvious that the disengagement of the anchor is not done without tearing off the flora or damaging the bottoms.

Ainsi, les deux phases du mouillage, la mise en place de l'ancre et la remontée de l'ancre ne se font pas sans dégradation des fonds. Compte tenu de la fréquentation maritime des côtes et de l'affluence sur certains sites pendant la belle saison, les ancres représentent une cause importante de la dégradation de l'environnement marin.Thus, the two phases of anchoring, the installation of the anchor and the raising of the anchor are not done without degradation of funds. Given the maritime frequentation of the coasts and the affluence on certain sites during the beautiful season, the anchors represent an important cause of the degradation of the marine environment.

Une ancre du type décrit ci-dessus est divulguée par le document US 3762357 .An anchor of the type described above is disclosed by the document US 3762357 .

Afin de préserver les fonds lors de la remontée de l'ancre, il est possible d'utiliser un système complémentaire appelé bouée d'orin. Ce système consiste en un câble attaché par l'une de ses extrêmités à un anneau situé sur l'axe des pales, une bouée étant attachée à l'autre extrêmité. La remontée de l'ancre se fait alors en tirant l'ancre par l'orin donc à l'envers par rapport à la remontée classique. Mais ce système est pénible à mettre en oeuvre et souvent inefficace. Par conséquent, il est utilisé dans des cas particuliers, par exemple pour signaler le mouillage aux éventuels futurs arrivants lorsqu'il s'agit de sites très fréquentés.To preserve the funds during the ascent of the anchor, it is possible to use a complementary system called buoy d'orin. This system consists of a cable attached by one of its ends to a ring located on the axis of the blades, one buoy being attached to the other end. The anchor is then raised anchor by the orin so upside down from the classic ascent. But this system is painful to implement and often ineffective. Therefore, it is used in special cases, for example to signal the anchorage to potential future arrivals when it is very busy sites.

Il existe également des ancres du type ancre à bascule qui disposent d'un système de déblocage des pales lors de la remontée de l'ancre. Ainsi, dans la phase de remontée de l'ancre, la ligne de mouillage passe à la verticale, la boucle mobile sur laquelle est accrochée la chaîne se positionne alors perpendiculairement à la verge, les pales se débloquent alors et ainsi tournent librement autour de leur axe. L'ancre alors se dégage facilement de son point d'ancrage et sa remontée se fait ainsi sans aucune difficulté et sans dégradations des fonds marins.There are also rock anchor type anchors that have a system for unlocking the blades during the ascent of the anchor. Thus, in the lift phase of the anchor, the anchor line passes vertically, the movable loop on which is attached the chain is then positioned perpendicular to the penis, the blades are unlocked and so rotate freely around their axis. The anchor then easily emerges from its anchor point and its ascent is thus without any difficulty and without degradation of the seabed.

Les deux systèmes décrits précédemment, malheureusement, ne sont pas satisfaisants d'un point de vue écologique puisqu'ils ne contribuent pas à protéger les fonds et l'environnement marins lors de la phase de positionnement de l'ancre au mouillage. D'autre part, le ancres à bascule disposant d'un système de blocage-déblocage des pales comme décrit précédemment ne sont pas fiables car le déblocage dépend de la seule position de la boucle sur laquelle est accrochée la chaîne par rapport à la verge de l'ancre.The two systems described above, unfortunately, are unsatisfactory from an ecological point of view because they do not help to protect the seabed and the marine environment during the positioning phase of the anchor at anchor. On the other hand, the Rocker anchors having a blade locking-unlocking system as previously described are unreliable because the release depends on the single position of the loop on which the chain is hooked relative to the anchor rod.

Exposé de l'inventionPresentation of the invention

C'est pourquoi le but de l'invention est de fournir un dispositif d'ancrage du type ancre à bascule équipée d'un système fiable de blocage déblocage des pales permettant la protection des fonds marins et ce quelle que soit la phase du mouillage.This is why the object of the invention is to provide a rocker anchor type anchoring device equipped with a reliable blade unlocking system allowing the protection of the seabed and whatever the wetting phase.

L'objet de l'invention est donc une ancre marine comprenant un axe creux un équipage axe/pale tournant par rapport à l'axe creux, un axe verrou capable de bloquer la rotation de l'équipage axe/pale, un levier adapté pour recevoir une ligne de mouillage, le levier pivotant entre une première position et une deuxième position pour déplacer l'axe verrou de sa position de blocage à sa position de déblocage de l'équipage axe/pale. Selon une caractéristique principale, l'ancre marine comprend des moyens pour faire pivoter le levier de sa première à sa deuxième position quand l'effort de traction dans la ligne de mouillage est inférieure à une certaine valeur.The object of the invention is therefore a marine anchor comprising a hollow shaft, a shaft / blade shaft rotating with respect to the hollow axis, a bolt axis capable of blocking the rotation of the shaft / blade shaft, a lever adapted to receiving a wetting line, the lever pivoting between a first position and a second position to move the lock shaft from its locking position to its unlocking position of the axis / blade crew. According to one main feature, the marine anchor comprises means for pivoting the lever from its first to its second position when the tensile force in the wetting line is below a certain value.

Description brève des figuresBrief description of the figures

Les buts, objets et caractéristiques de l'invention apparaîtront plus clairement à la lecture de la description qui suit faite en référence aux dessins dans lesquels :

  • La figure 1 représente une vue en perspective de l'ancre selon l'invention,
  • La figure 2 représente une coupe de l'ancre en position débloquée,
  • La figure 3 représente une coupe de l'ancre en position bloquée,
  • La figure 4 représente une coupe de l'ancre, selon un plan perpendiculaire au plan de coupe de la figure 3, lors de sa remontée.
The objects, objects and features of the invention will appear more clearly on reading the following description given with reference to the drawings in which:
  • The figure 1 represents a perspective view of the anchor according to the invention,
  • The figure 2 represents a section of the anchor in the unlocked position,
  • The figure 3 represents a section of the anchor in the locked position,
  • The figure 4 represents a section of the anchor, in a plane perpendicular to the section plane of the figure 3 during his ascent.

Description détaillée de l'inventionDetailed description of the invention

Selon la figure 1, l'ancre comprend un axe creux composé de deux tubes creux 10 et 12 appelés verges, un manchon 11 prolongeant la verge 12 et dans lequel pivote l'équipage axe/pales et une chaîne 18 rattachée à l'extrémité de la verge 10 par un ensemble de levier 34, d'une biellette non visible sur la figure et d'une boucle mobile 36. L'équipage axe/pales comprend un axe 13, deux pales principales 14 et quatre pales secondaires 15 et 17 entre lesquelles deux blocs cubiques 16 sont positionnés. L'axe 13 pivote à l'intérieur d'un manchon 11 qui est un prolongement perpendiculaire de la verge 12. La chaîne 18 est prolongée par une ligne de mouillage tel qu'un câble ou une chaîne.According to figure 1 , the anchor comprises a hollow shaft composed of two hollow tubes 10 and 12 called rods, a sleeve 11 extending the rod 12 and in which pivots the shaft / blade crew and a chain 18 attached to the end of the rod 10 by a lever assembly 34, a rod not visible in the figure and a movable loop 36. The axis / blade crew comprises an axis 13, two main blades 14 and four secondary blades 15 and 17 between which two cubic blocks 16 are positioned. The axis 13 pivots inside a sleeve 11 which is a perpendicular extension of the rod 12. The chain 18 is extended by a wetting line such as a cable or a chain.

En référence aux figures 2 et 3 représentant une coupe longitudinale de l'ancre, la verge 10 est emboîtée dans la verge 12 sur une dizaine de centimètres et maintenu dans cette position grâce à au moins un boulon 37 vissé dans la paroi de la verge 10 et passant à travers un trou oblong 35 de la verge 12. La longueur du trou oblong 35 permet la rotation de la verge 10 par rapport à la verge 12 de 10° environ. L'ancre marine comprend de préférence un autre boulon situé sur la verge 10 et passant à travers un autre trou oblong de la verge 12, le boulon et le trou étant situés à l'opposé du boulon 37 et du trou 35. Un ressort 22 est fixé d'un côté à l'extrémité de la verge 10 sur une butée 54 et de l'autre à une pièce mobile 24 appelée manchon, coulissant à l'intérieur de la verge 10. Au repos, le ressort 22 est tel qu'il pousse sur le manchon 24 de façon à le maintenir par compression dans une position la plus proche possible de l'extrêmité de la verge 10 du côté du levier 34. Le manchon 24 est relié par un axe 42 à une biellette 32 elle-même reliée à un levier 34 par un axe 44. L'axe 42 est mobile en translation selon deux trous oblongs 30 situés dans la paroi de la verge 10 de sorte que le levier 34 pivote sur l'axe 46 fixé à la verge 10, entre deux positions, une première position dans laquelle il est aligné avec la verge 10 et une deuxième position dans laquelle il fait un angle maximal avec la verge 10. Le levier 34 permet l'accrochage de la chaîne 18, directement ou par l'intermédiaire de la boucle mobile 36.With reference to figures 2 and 3 representing a longitudinal section of the anchor, the rod 10 is fitted into the rod 12 over about ten centimeters and held in this position by means of at least one bolt 37 screwed into the wall of the rod 10 and passing through an oblong hole 35 of the penis 12. The length of the oblong hole 35 allows the rotation of the rod 10 relative to the yard 12 by 10 °. The marine anchor preferably includes another bolt located on the rod 10 and passing through another oblong hole of the rod 12, the bolt and the hole being located opposite the bolt 37 and the hole 35. A spring 22 is fixed on one side to the end of the rod 10 on a stop 54 and the other to a movable part 24 called sleeve, sliding inside the rod 10. At rest, the spring 22 is such that it pushes on the sleeve 24 so as to hold it by compression in a position as close as possible to the end of the rod 10 on the lever 34 side. The sleeve 24 is connected by an axis 42 to a rod 32 itself. even connected to a lever 34 by an axis 44. The axis 42 is movable in translation along two oblong holes 30 located in the wall of the rod 10 so that the lever 34 pivots on the axis 46 attached to the rod 10, between two positions, a first position in which it is aligned with the rod 10 and a second position in which it makes a maximum angle with the rod 10. The lever 34 allows the attachment of the chain 18, directly or through the movable loop 36.

Un axe verrou 20 coulisse à l'intérieur des tubes 10 et 12 et à l'intérieur du manchon 24 creux et est guidé à l'intérieur de la verge 12 dans son mouvement longitudinal par une couronne 52 sur la paroi interne de la verge 12. L'axe verrou 20 est relié d'une part au manchon 24 par une liaison coulissante grâce à axe 40, appelé goupille dans la suite de la description, traversant l'axe verrou à une des ses extremités et dont le mouvement est limité par les trous oblongs 28 pratiqués dans le manchon 24 et relié d'autre part à l'extrêmité d'un ressort 26 placé à l'intérieur du manchon 24, l'autre extrémité du ressort étant fixé au manchon sur une butée 56. L'une des extrémités de l'axe verrou 20 est donc solidaire à la fois de la goupille 40 et du ressort 26 tandis que l'autre extrêmité de l'axe verrou 20 est engagé ou pas à l'intérieur de l'axe 13 portant les pales. La raideur du ressort 22 est supérieure à la raideur du ressort 26.A lock pin 20 slides inside the tubes 10 and 12 and inside the hollow sleeve 24 and is guided inside the rod 12 in its longitudinal movement by a ring 52 on the inner wall of the rod 12 The lock pin 20 is connected on the one hand to the sleeve 24 by a sliding connection by means of axis 40, called pin in the following description, passing through the bolt axis at one of its ends and whose movement is limited by the oblong holes 28 made in the sleeve 24 and connected on the other hand to the end of a spring 26 placed inside the sleeve 24, the other end of the spring being fixed to the sleeve on a stop 56. The one of the ends of the lock pin 20 is secured to both the pin 40 and the spring 26 while the other end of the lock pin 20 is engaged or not within the axis 13 carrying the blades. The stiffness of the spring 22 is greater than the stiffness of the spring 26.

Le ressort 26 est tel qu'au repos il maintient la goupille 40 à l'extrêmité des trous oblongs 28 du côté de l'axe 13 portant les pales. La longueur des trous oblongs 28 délimite la course de l'axe verrou entre deux positions extrêmes permettant d'une part la libre rotation de l'équipage axe/pale par rapport au manchon 11 à l'extrêmité de la verge 12 et d'autre part le blocage de l'équipage axe/pale par rapport au manchon 11 et à la verge 12. Dans la première position, la goupille 40 est située à l'extrêmité des trous oblongs 28 du côté de la chaîne et l'axe verrou 20 est en dehors de la gorge 50 permettant ainsi la libre rotation de l'axe 13 dans le manchon 11. Dans la seconde position, la goupille 40 est située à l'extrêmité des trous oblongs 28 du côté des pales et l'axe verrou 20 est à l'intérieur d'une gorge 50 pratiquée dans l'axe 13 des pales de façon à bloquer la rotation de l'axe 13 dans le manchon 11.The spring 26 is such that at rest it holds the pin 40 at the end of the oblong holes 28 on the side of the axis 13 carrying the blades. The length of the oblong holes 28 delimits the stroke of the bolt axis between two extreme positions allowing on the one hand the free rotation of the shaft / blade assembly relative to the sleeve 11 at the end of the shaft 12 and other the blocking of the shaft / blade unit with respect to the sleeve 11 and the shaft 12. In the first position, the pin 40 is located at the end of the oblong holes 28 on the chain side and the bolt axis 20 is outside the groove 50 thus allowing the free rotation of the axis 13 in the sleeve 11. In the second position, the pin 40 is located at the end of the oblong holes 28 on the blade side and the lock pin 20 is inside a groove 50 made in the axis 13 of the blades so as to block the rotation of the axis 13 in the sleeve 11.

Ces deux positions sont représentées par les figures 2 et 3. La figure 2 illustre la première position dans laquelle les pales sont libres et débloquées tandis que la figure 3 illustre la seconde position dans laquelle les pales sont bloquées. La forme de la gorge 50 est allongée de façon à ce que l'axe 13 des pales puisse tourner sur son axe d'un arc de 70° lorsque l'axe verrou 20 est engagé à l'intérieur.These two positions are represented by the figures 2 and 3 . The figure 2 illustrates the first position in which the blades are free and unlocked while the figure 3 illustrates the second position in which the blades are blocked. The shape of the groove 50 is elongated so that the axis 13 of the blades can rotate on its axis by an arc of 70 ° when the lock pin 20 is engaged inside.

En pratique, dans la première phase du mouillage, l'ancre est larguée du bateau et descendue dans l'eau afin d'immobiliser le bateau. Dans un premier temps, la ligne de mouillage est déroulée jusqu'à ce que l'ancre atteigne le fond. Puis, tandis que le bateau recule lentement, la ligne de mouillage continue à être déroulée jusqu'à ce que sa longueur atteigne au moins trois fois la hauteur d'eau. Dès que l'ancre se pose au fond et pendant que la ligne de mouillage est déroulée, la chaîne est alors posée généralement au fond et sa tension n'est pas importante. Or, lorsque la tension dans la chaîne est faible, l'effort exercé par le ressort 22 est suffisant pour maintenir le manchon 24 vers l'extrêmité de la verge 10 du côté de la boucle libre 36 entraînant le ressort 26 et par conséquent l'axe verrou 20. Le levier 34 et la biellette 32 ne sont alors pas alignés mais forment un angle comme représenté sur la figure 2 puisque le ressort 22 exerce un effort sur le manchon 24 et la biellette qui n'est pas compensé par la tension de la chaîne de sorte que l'axe 42, positionné à l'extrémité de la biellette et solidaire du manchon 24 est situé du côté des trous oblongs 30 à l'opposé des pales. Tant que l'effort de traction dans la ligne de mouillage est inférieur à une certaine valeur ou valeur seuil le manchon 24 est maintenu par le ressort 22 dans une position la plus près possible de l'extrêmité de la verge 10 du côté de la chaîne. De cette façon, l'axe verrou reste en dehors de la gorge 50.In practice, in the first phase of anchoring, the anchor is released from the boat and lowered into the water to immobilize the boat. At first, the mooring line is unrolled until the anchor reaches the bottom. Then, as the boat slowly recedes, the mooring line continues to unroll until its length reaches at least three times the water level. As soon as the anchor lands at the bottom and while the mooring line is unwound, the chain is then placed generally at the bottom and its tension is not important. However, when the tension in the chain is low, the force exerted by the spring 22 is sufficient to maintain the sleeve 24 towards the end of the rod 10 on the side of the free loop 36 driving the spring 26 and therefore the 20. The lever 34 and the rod 32 are then not aligned but form an angle as shown in FIG. figure 2 since the spring 22 exerts a force on the sleeve 24 and the rod which is not compensated by the tension of the chain so that the axis 42, positioned at the end of the rod and integral with the sleeve 24 is located side of the oblong holes 30 opposite the blades. As long as the tensile force in the wetting line is below a certain value or threshold value, the sleeve 24 is held by the spring 22 in a position as close as possible to the end of the yard 10 on the side of the chain. In this way, the bolt axis remains outside the groove 50.

Si, pendant le déroulement de la ligne de mouillage, le bateau tire sur la ligne comme il est pratiqué généralement, l'ancre est tractée sur le fond. Grâce à la libre rotation de l'axe 13 dans le manchon 11, les pales tournent autour de leur axe. Les petites pales 15 et 17 ainsi que les blocs 16 aident la rotation. De cette façon, les pales principales 14 ne labourent pas le fond et n'arrachent pas la flore.If, during the course of the mooring line, the boat pulls on the line as is generally practiced, the anchor is towed on the bottom. Thanks to the free rotation of the axis 13 in the sleeve 11, the blades rotate about their axis. The small blades 15 and 17 as well as the blocks 16 help the rotation. In this way, the main blades 14 do not plow the bottom and do not tear the flora.

Dès que la longueur prévue de ligne de mouillage est atteinte, la ligne est amarrée au bateau et se tend par le poids de l'ancre. La tension de la chaîne 18 augmente et devient supérieure à la valeur seuil, le levier 34 tend à s'aligner sur la verge 10 en pivotant autour de l'axe 46 fixé à la verge 10, obligeant ainsi la biellette 32 à s'aligner également sur l'axe de la verge 10 de telle sorte que l'axe 42 se déplace dans le trou oblong 30 vers son extrêmité du côté des pales. Donc, au delà d'une certaine valeur de la tension de la chaîne, correspondant à la valeur seuil, les déplacements de l'axe 42 et du manchon 24 ne sont pas empêchés par l'action du ressort 22 qui se comprime. L'axe verrou 20 sur lequel le ressort 26 exerce un effort s'engage alors dans la gorge 50 dès qu'il se trouve alors aligné sur celle-ci comme représenté sur la figure 3. Ainsi, les pales sont bloquées et cessent de tourner librement autour de leur axe, de sorte que les pales s'enfouissent dans le sol et immobilisent le bateau.As soon as the planned mooring line length is reached, the line is moored to the boat and is stretched by the weight of the anchor. The tension of the chain 18 increases and becomes greater than the threshold value, the lever 34 tends to align with the rod 10 by pivoting about the axis 46 attached to the rod 10, thus causing the rod 32 to align also on the axis of the rod 10 so that the axis 42 moves in the slot 30 towards its end side of the blades. Therefore, beyond a certain value of the tension of the chain, corresponding to the threshold value, the movements of the axis 42 and the sleeve 24 are not prevented by the action of the spring 22 which is compressed. The lock pin 20 on which the spring 26 exerts a force then engages in the groove 50 as soon as it is then aligned thereon as shown in FIG. figure 3 . Thus, the blades are locked and stop rotating freely about their axis, so that the blades bury themselves in the ground and immobilize the boat.

Lorsque l'axe verrou 20 s'engage à l'intérieur de la gorge 50, l'effort exercé par le ressort 26 diminue d'un coup laissant une liberté de mouvement au manchon 24 de sorte que si la tension dans la chaîne 18 diminue tout en restant supérieur à la valeur seuil, le levier 34 et la biellette 32 cessent d'être alignés et ont une certaine liberté de mouvement l'une par rapport à l'autre sans pour autant que l'engagement de l'axe verrou 20 dans l'axe 13 des pales cessent. Ainsi, les mouvements de la ligne et de l'ancre pendant la durée du mouillage en cas de houle ou de vent, ne perturbent pas le blocage de l'ancre.When the lock pin 20 engages inside the groove 50, the force exerted by the spring 26 decreases suddenly leaving a freedom of movement to the sleeve 24 so that if the tension in the chain 18 decreases while remaining above the threshold value, the lever 34 and the rod 32 stop being aligned and have a certain freedom of movement relative to each other without the engagement of the lock pin 20 in the axis 13 blades stop. Thus, the movements of the line and the anchor during the duration of the wetting in case of swell or wind, do not disturb the blocking of the anchor.

Lors de la remontée de l'ancre, le bateau "remonte" sur l'ancre au moteur, la ligne de mouillage puis la chaîne 18 passent à la verticale, la tension dans la chaîne diminue à tel point que l'effort du ressort 22 sur le manchon 24 combiné à l'action du levier 34 dans l'alignement de la chaîne entraîne le déplacement du manchon 24 et par conséquent de l'axe verrou 20 dans un mouvement longitudinal vers l'extrêmité de la verge 10 du côté de la chaîne. L'axe verrou 20 sort alors de la gorge 50, laissant libre ainsi la rotation de l'axe 13 et des pales dans le manchon 11. Le bateau continuant à remonter la ligne, les verges 10 et 12 de l'ancre passent à la verticale tandis que l'axe 13 des pales tourne dans le manchon 11. L'ancre se soulève alors avec les pales principales 14 dirigées vers le fond comme représentée sur la figure 4, sans que celles-ci n'aient arraché la flore. La chaîne 18 est alors tendue pendant la remontée et l'axe verrou 20 subit alors un effort de pression important du ressort 26 comprimé alors au maximum. L'axe verrou 20 ne se trouve plus en face de l'ouverture 50 et appuie alors sur l'axe 13 sans qu'il y ait d'effet sur le système de blocage des pales.During the ascent of the anchor, the boat "back" on the anchor to the engine, the mooring line and then the chain 18 pass vertically, the tension in the chain decreases to the point that the force of the spring 22 on the sleeve 24 combined with the action of the lever 34 in the alignment of the chain causes the displacement of the sleeve 24 and therefore of the lock pin 20 in a longitudinal movement towards the end of the rod 10 on the side of the chain. The lock pin 20 then exits the groove 50, thus leaving the rotation of the axis 13 and the blades in the sleeve 11 free. The boat continues to go up the line, the yards 10 and 12 of the anchor pass to the vertical while the axis 13 of the blades rotates in the sleeve 11. The anchor then raises with the main blades 14 directed towards the bottom as shown on the figure 4 , without these have torn flora. The chain 18 is then stretched during the ascent and the lock pin 20 then undergoes a significant pressure force of the spring 26 then compressed to the maximum. The lock pin 20 is no longer opposite the opening 50 and then bears on the axis 13 without any effect on the blade locking system.

L'oscillation de la verge 10 par rapport à la verge 12, rendue possible grâce au trou oblong 35 pratiquée dans la verge 12, donne une plus grande amplitude de manoeuvre dans la phase de remontée de l'ancre.The oscillation of the rod 10 with respect to the penis 12, made possible by the slot 35 in the penis 12, gives a greater range of maneuver in the ascent phase of the anchor.

Le fait que le mécanisme de blocage déblocage soit à l'intérieur d'un tube creux présente également un avantage. En effet, grâce à ce carénage, les algues ne peuvent pas se coincer dans le mécanisme qui reste propre. De plus, l'ancre ne véhicule pas d'algues d'un site à un autre empêchant ainsi toute propagation d'algues telles que l'algue Caulerpa Taxifolia, nocive pour l'équilibre de la flore sous-marine des côtes méditerranéennes.The fact that the unlocking locking mechanism is inside a hollow tube also has an advantage. Indeed, thanks to this fairing, the algae can not get stuck in the mechanism that remains clean. In addition, the anchor does not transport algae from one site to another, thus preventing any spread of algae such as the alga Caulerpa Taxifolia, which is harmful for the balance of the underwater flora of the Mediterranean coasts.

Claims (13)

  1. Sea anchor including a quill shaft (10, 12) a shaft/blade equipment rotating with respect to said quill shaft, a locking rod (20) capable of locking the rotation of said shaft/blade equipment, a lever (34) adapted to receive an anchoring line (18), said lever pivoting between a first position and a second position in order to move said locking rod from its locked position to its position in which said shaft/blade equipment is unlocked,
    wherein it includes means for pivoting said lever from its first to its second position when the pulling force in said anchoring line (18) is lower than a certain value.
  2. Sea anchor according to claim 1, wherein said lever (34) is connected to said locking rod (20) by means of a spring (26).
  3. Sea anchor according to claim 1 or 2, wherein said first position of said lever (34) corresponds to the position in which said lever is aligned with said quill shaft (10, 12) and said second position of said lever (34) corresponds to the position in which said lever forms a maximum angle with said quill shaft (10).
  4. Sea anchor according to one of the claims 1 through 3, wherein said spring (26) is fixed at one of its ends on a stop (56) inside a sleeve (24) and at the other end to said locking rod (20).
  5. Sea anchor according to one of the claims 1 through 4, wherein said locking rod (20) is connected to said sleeve (24) by a sliding connection thanks to a pin (40) passing through said locking rod (20) and the movement of which is limited by elongated holes (28) provided for in said sleeve (24).
  6. Sea anchor according to one of the claims 1 through 5, wherein said sleeve (24) is connected by means of a shaft (42) to a link (32) itself connected to said lever (34) by means of a shaft (44), said lever (34) permitting the coupling of said anchoring line and pivoting on a shaft (46) fixed to said quill shaft (10, 12).
  7. Sea anchor according to claim 1 through 6, wherein said shaft (42) is movable in translation according to two elongated holes (30) located in the wall of said quill shaft (10, 12).
  8. Sea anchor according to one of the claims 1 through 7, wherein said quill shaft (10, 12) is comprised of a first shank (10) fitted in a second shank (12) over a dozen centimeters and maintained in this position thanks to at least one bolt (37) screwed into the wall of the shank (10) and passing through an elongated hole (35) of the shank (12) the length of which permits the rotation of the shank (10) with respect to the shank (12) by approximately 10°.
  9. Sea anchor according to one of the claims 1 through 8, wherein said sleeve (24) is maintained by compression in a position that is as close as possible to the end of the shank (10) on the side of the movable loop (36) thanks to said spring (22) fixed on one side on a stop (54) of said shank (10) and on the other side to the end of said sleeve (24).
  10. Sea anchor according to one of the claims 1 through 9, wherein the stiffness of the spring (22) is greater than the stiffness of the spring (26).
  11. Sea anchor according to one of the claims 1 through 10, wherein the shaft/blades equipment is comprised of a shaft (13), two main blades (14) and four secondary blades (15) and (17), the shaft (13) pivoting inside a sleeve (11), said sleeve (11) being the perpendicular extension of said shank (12).
  12. Sea anchor according to one of the claims 1 through 11, wherein said shaft (13) includes a groove (50) in which is inserted said locking rod (20) in order to lock the shaft/blades equipment.
  13. Sea anchor according to one of the claims 1 through 12, wherein the length of said groove (50) is such that the shaft/blades equipment can rotate according to an arc of 70° when said locking rod (20) is inserted inside.
EP03796181A 2002-12-18 2003-12-08 Sea anchor for protecting the sea floor Expired - Lifetime EP1611004B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR0216066A FR2848981B1 (en) 2002-12-18 2002-12-18 ANCHOR WITH AUTOMATIC TRIP
PCT/FR2003/003610 WO2004065204A1 (en) 2002-12-18 2003-12-08 Sea anchor for protecting the sea floor

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1611004A1 EP1611004A1 (en) 2006-01-04
EP1611004B1 true EP1611004B1 (en) 2008-03-12

Family

ID=32406141

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP03796181A Expired - Lifetime EP1611004B1 (en) 2002-12-18 2003-12-08 Sea anchor for protecting the sea floor

Country Status (7)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1611004B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE388885T1 (en)
AU (1) AU2003298433A1 (en)
DE (1) DE60319746T2 (en)
ES (1) ES2303911T3 (en)
FR (1) FR2848981B1 (en)
WO (1) WO2004065204A1 (en)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
RU2737873C1 (en) * 2020-01-15 2020-12-04 Вадим Алексеевич Осеннов Anchor

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2870731A (en) * 1957-05-02 1959-01-27 William R Hodge Anchor
US3509846A (en) * 1968-11-01 1970-05-05 John Hrivnyak Anchor
US3762357A (en) * 1973-03-02 1973-10-02 H Ehrhardt Manually operated unlatching anchor
DE3537647A1 (en) * 1985-10-23 1987-04-23 Willy Plewe Releasable boat's anchor
US5054416A (en) * 1990-07-18 1991-10-08 Zetah Richard H Boat anchor with fluke release and reset mechanism
GB2336142A (en) * 1998-04-03 1999-10-13 David Charles Fisher Anchor

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2848981B1 (en) 2006-06-02
FR2848981A1 (en) 2004-06-25
DE60319746T2 (en) 2009-10-29
EP1611004A1 (en) 2006-01-04
ES2303911T3 (en) 2008-09-01
ATE388885T1 (en) 2008-03-15
WO2004065204A1 (en) 2004-08-05
AU2003298433A1 (en) 2004-08-13
DE60319746D1 (en) 2008-04-24

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