EP1607364A2 - Crane ballast system - Google Patents

Abstract

The system has a balance unit with an uninterrupted opening. An installation device has an elongate unit (11) that is to be guided through the opening. A lifting device lifts the entire installation device. The opening in the balance unit and the device are equipped with connection devices that lock into each other. The installation device has a slide shaft and a centering device tapered into a tip pointing downward.

Description

The invention relates to a crane ballast system for lifting and applying of ballast elements as a counterweight to a crane or their removal from Crane.

In known solutions for applying ballast elements as a counterweight on a crane ballast plates, z. B. of concrete, with the help of ropes Anhängepollern the ballast plates placed on a base plate, which in the Outrigger opposite direction protruding at the crane. In general, will be several ballast plates stacked on top of each other to a corresponding counterweight to create. The ropes are unhooked from the trailer bollards by the assembly staff on top of the resulting ballast pile rises. Especially in winter, there is an increased danger of falling. Besides, it proves often difficult, the each aufastegende ballast plate precisely aligned to hang on the already in the ballast pile ballast plates.

The object of the present invention is to provide a crane ballast system, in which the ballast elements in a simple and straightforward way can be applied or removed, and in which reduces the risk of accidents is.

This task is done with a crane ballast system with the features of Claim 1 solved. Subclaims are directed to advantageous embodiments.

The crane ballast system according to the invention has at least one ballast element with at least one through opening. Furthermore, a mounting device provided, which comprises an elongated element, which by the at least one opening in the at least one ballast element inserted therethrough can be. In addition, the mounting device has a lifting device for Lifting up the entire mounting device. The opening in the at least a ballast element and the mounting device each have connecting devices for interlocking with each other.

With the crane ballast system according to the invention, the ballast elements simple and uncomplicated as a counterweight to put on or taken off. For receiving the mounting device through the at least one opening in inserted through a ballast element and with the help of the connecting means in the opening verkuppelt. Following is the entire mounting device lifted on the lifting device. By locking the mounting device in the ballast this is raised with and can on the crane as Counterweight are stored. Unlock the connection and pull out the Mounting device from the opening of the ballast element close the process from. In this way, as many ballast elements as desired on the ballast stack stored. Of course, the Kranballastierungssystem invention can be also for removing the ballast elements from the ballast stack or dismantling the crane.

As a rule, several ballast elements are provided, which are stacked on each other as a ballast stack and depending on the number of stacked elements a different Counterbalance. It is particularly easy to stack plate-shaped Ballast elements.

The particular advantages of the crane ballast system according to the invention occur especially when picking up ballast elements from a ballast element stack on. When installing the crane, so z. B. when receiving ballast elements z. B. from a transport vehicle to hang up on the ballast stack as a counterweight on a crane or during dismantling of the crane for receiving the crane Ballast elements from the ballast pile of the crane for storage on a transport vehicle.

A simple embodiment of the lifting device for lifting the mounting device provides an eyelet in the z. B. engage a crane hook for lifting can.

In a particularly practical further development of the invention Kranballastierungssystems has the elongated element of the mounting device a preferably downwardly tapered centering on. Such Centering facilitates the precise placement of a ballast element the ballast pile. In such an embodiment, the centering device be slidably mounted so that they are in the insertion of the mounting device in the opening is pushed together when the mounting device through the Opening to an object arranged underneath, z. B. the support base plate for the ballast elements abuts.

The lock between the mounting device and the opening of a ballast element can be realized in different ways. So z. B. appropriate Bolt be extended radially from the mounting device. Especially However, an embodiment is simple in which the opening in the at least a ballast element is not circular and the mounting device over a Counterpart has that in a position through this non-circular opening does not fit and in another position does not. For this the counterpart towers over the elongated one Element of the mounting device laterally and has an outer contour, which fits in a first position through the non-circular opening and in one second position not. It is provided that the first and the second position by twisting the elongate element about its longitudinal axis can be adjusted. After pushing through the elongated element through the opening, the rotation of the mounting device leads around the longitudinal axis the elongate member for locking the counterpart in the opening of the ballast element.

Particularly simple is an embodiment in which the mounting device at least one transverse pin extending from the elongated device extends laterally outward, wherein the at least one opening of the at least a ballast element has an insertion slot through which this cross bolt can be performed during insertion of the mounting device in the opening. In this embodiment, rotation of the mounting device leads to the Longitudinal axis of the elongated element for locking the transverse pin in the opening of the ballast element. The embodiment is simple, e.g. B. by Pressing the transverse pin in the elongate element, produced.

In one embodiment of the crane ballast system with a centering device and a cross pin in the mounting device, the centering device a corresponding embodiment mounted on this cross bolt become. This forms an easy to install and cost effective solution. The Centering has z. B. on an axially extending slot.

In another advantageous embodiment, the opening in the at least a ballast element triangular designed and the connecting device to the Mounting device has z. B. on a triangular counterpart. In such a Embodiment, the mounting device with the counterpart by first passed through the triangular opening. Turn 60 ° around the longitudinal axis of the elongated element of the mounting device leads to the locking of the counterpart in the ballast element. The advantage of such an embodiment is in that the surface pressure is reduced to the requirements and also the each ballast element can be better kept in the horizontal, since three Support points are available.

In an analogous manner, of course, an opening with more than three Corners and a corresponding outer contour of the counterpart provided be.

Advantageously, the ballast element has markings on its surface for indicating the locking position of the mounting device in the ballast element on. In this way it is easy to see when a secure lock is present and the ballast element to be lifted with the mounting device can.

Simply, the mounting device itself has a rotating device for rotation around its longitudinal axis. This can, for. B. from a fold-out lever which can be easily handled by an operator.

Advantageously, the elongate device of the mounting device has a such length that they not only an opening of a ballast element, but the Openings of several superimposed ballast elements can prevail. In this way it can be decided depending on the requirement, whether in one Operation one or more ballast elements raised or placed as a weight should be.

In this case, the elongated element can be moved and locked Stop, which can be adjusted so that it enters another prevents the mounting device in the overhead ballast element when the mounting device the desired length far into the stack of ballast elements occurred.

Simply, the turning device together with the stop in the longitudinal direction be slidable the elongated device.

It is particularly favorable when the devices for locking, in particular the counterparts to the mounting devices, locked in the openings Do not stand out over the ballast elements. Just when only a few are lifted from a ballast stack with several ballast elements or a number of ballast elements on an existing one Ballast stacks are to be stored, would be a downwardly projecting counterpart hinder. In a simple way, this can be done with downwardly open recesses realize at the openings.

It can be provided per ballast element a plurality of through openings, by the lifting of the ballast element a corresponding number of mounting devices is inserted through it. It is particularly advantageous if a Opening of the ballast element in its center of gravity, so usually central, is arranged so that only a single mounting device can be used got to.

To prevent the individual ballast elements of a ballast stack against slipping secure, they can in an advantageous embodiment of the crane ballast system have grooves / wedges, lugs and / or recesses, which in corresponding counter-elements of another ballast element for lateral fixation can intervene. So z. B. on the surface of the ballast element Be provided grooves in the wedges at the bottom of another ballast element can intervene. A similar lateral fixation can be z. Belly achieve with opposing approaches.

Particularly easy to manufacture and easily rotatable in the openings is a cylindrical Mounting device or a tubular configuration, the z. Belly can serve to receive a centering element.

Figur 1:

die Schnittansicht einer Montagevorrichtung eines erfindungsgemäßen Ballastierungssystems im Einsatz,

Figur 2:

die Montagevorrichtung eines erfindungsgemäßen Ballastierungssystems in seitlicher Draufsicht.

Figur 3:

eine Ballastplatte eines erfindungsgemäßen Ballastierungssystems in Seitenansicht,

Figur 4:

die Draufsicht auf diese Ballastplatte,

Figur 5:

ein erfindungsgemäßes Ballastierungssystem im Betrieb,

Figur 6:

das erfindungsgemäße Ballastierungssystem der Figur 5 in der dort angegebenen Blickrichtung VI,

Figur 7:

eine Ballastplatte einer anderen Ausführungsform eines erfindungsgemäßen Ballastierungssystems in Draufsicht, und

Figur 8:

eine Montagevorrichtung zu dieser Ausführungsform des erfindungsgemäßen Ballastierungssystems.

In the following the invention with reference to the accompanying figures will be explained in detail. Showing:

FIG. 1:

the sectional view of a mounting device of a ballast system according to the invention in use,

FIG. 2:

the mounting device of a ballast system according to the invention in a lateral plan view.

FIG. 3:

a ballast plate of a ballast system according to the invention in side view,

FIG. 4:

the top view of this ballast plate,

FIG. 5:

an inventive ballast system in operation,

FIG. 6:

the ballast system according to the invention of FIG. 5 in the viewing direction VI indicated there,

FIG. 7:

a ballast plate of another embodiment of a ballast system according to the invention in plan view, and

FIG. 8:

a mounting device for this embodiment of the ballast system according to the invention.

First, the mounting device will be explained with reference to Figures 2 and 1. she comprises an elongated tubular element 11 with two radial bores, in which a transverse pin 7 is pressed. At this cross bolt 7 hangs down tapered centering 37 in a slot 39, which is upwards extends into the tubular member 11 and the transverse pin 7 comprises. The Centering element 37 can over the entire length of the slot 39 in the axial Direction of the elongated element 11 are moved. At the upper end the elongated element 11 is an eyelet 9, in the z. B. a crane hook can be hung. About the elongated element 11 is another Pipe 13 inverted, which has an approach 15. On the tube 13 is a hinged lever 35 attached. The tube 13 is connected to the elongated tube 11 with Help a bolt 17 can be fixed, which are inserted through openings can, hidden in the view of Figure 2 through the tube 13 and not so far are visible. In this way, the distance of the stop 15 of the Set cross bolt 7 at different heights. The bolt 17 can be as shown be secured in a conventional manner with a pin 18, the z. B. with Help a string 20 can be kept.

A ballast plate 3 of a ballast system according to the invention is shown in FIG. 3 shown in side view and in Figure 4 in plan view. In particular, one recognizes the through opening 21 with lateral slots 23. The opening 21 is thus such shaped, that the tube 11 with the transverse pin 7 of the mounting device. 1 can be pushed through. In the underside of the ballast plate, which is not visible in FIG 3 is a recess 5, in their dimensions and their orientation is configured such that in her the transverse pin 7 of the mounting device 11 can turn 90 ° in a locking position.

At the corners of the ballast plate 3 are in this embodiment on the Top-facing lugs 29. At the bottom of the ballast element are corresponding recesses 30, which in their dimensions the Approaches 29 on the top correspond. In this way, several can similar ballast elements 3 are stacked on each other and are against the side Secured slipping. Corresponding lateral fixation devices can also by interlocking wedges and grooves o.ä. be formed.

In this embodiment, the ballast plates 3 according to the invention additional Anhängepoller 27, which used to lift a ballast element 3 can be when a mounting device 1 is not at hand.

On the surface of the ballast elements 3 markings 31, 33 are provided, indicate the direction in which inserted through the opening 21 through Mounting element 1 for locking or unlocking must be rotated. Mark 31 shows z. B. a closed lock, while marking 33 shows an opened lock. The markers can z. B. as a survey in the Be provided ballast plate. On the mounting device 1 can for alignment be attached to the markings a corresponding countermarking. It is particularly simple if the mounting device 1 is designed in such a way, that in the locked state of the hinged lever 35 in the direction of the mark 31 and in the unlocked state in the direction of the mark 33 shows.

Figure 1 shows a mounting device 1 in a state in which they by three Ballast plates 3 is inserted through and with the lower of these three ballast plates is locked. The viewing direction of the section through the ballast plates 3 is shown in FIG. 4 denoted by I.

FIGS. 5 and 6 show a ballast system according to the invention in use in a crane with two ballast stacks. In the side view of FIG. 5 it can be seen that as the mounting device 1 is inserted into the ballast stack. In the Rear view of Figure 6, which is designated in Figure 5 with VI, can be seen in the left ballast stack the fixture 1. The right ballast stack is ready assembled. The ballast plates rest on the base plate 19.

The described ballast system according to the invention is used as follows.

First, it is decided how many ballast plates simultaneously with the mounting device 1 should be raised. The distance between the cross pin 7 and the approach 15 of the mounting device 1 is adjusted accordingly and with fixed to the bolt 17. For example, with a crane at the eyelet 9 of the mounting device 1 attacked and the mounting device with the centering 37th advanced through the central opening 21 of the ballast elements on a stack, until the approach 15 to lie on the surface of the uppermost ballast element comes. In this case, the cross bolt 7 through the lateral slots 23 of the openings 21 led. The lever 35 is folded down and a rotation of the mounting device effected around the longitudinal axis. For this purpose, the lever 35 z. From one Position in which he in the direction of the mark 33 on the uppermost ballast plate. 3 shows, in a position in which it is in the direction of the mark 31 on the top Ballast plate 3 shows. This rotation moves around the vertical axis the transverse pin 7 in the recess 5 in a position as in section in Figure 1 is visible. The mounting device is thus shown in the lower of the three Ballast plates 3 locked. With the help of the crane can then at the eyelet 9 the Mounting device 1 are raised in their entirety, so that the between the cross pin 7 and the neck 15 ballast plates 3 with to lift.

The mounting device 1 with the raised ballast elements located thereon 3 is now guided over the ballast stack on the crane, on which these ballast elements should be discontinued. With the help of the centering element 37, it is easy Way possible, the aufgelegenden ballast elements with respect to the already to center in the stack ballast elements and lower. It must only the angular orientation of the ballast elements to be placed on the already in the pile ballast elements are set before the upper Ballast elements 3 are finally stored. With the help of the hinged lever Now the mounting device 1 is again rotated by 90 ° about its vertical axis, so that the hinged lever 35 points in the direction of the mark 33.

Thus, the cross pin 7 is again flush with the insertion slots 23 of the opening 21, so that the mounting device 1 from the openings 21 of Ballast plates 3 can be pulled up. A safe and safe placement the other ballast plates is completed.

When disassembling the crane is analogous procedure to the ballast elements 3 of the ballast stack. take off the crane again and z. B. on a transport vehicle store.

Figures 7 and 8 show another embodiment of the ballast system according to the invention. The ballast plate 53 here has a triangular opening 51. The mounting device 50 with the elongate member 11 has a corresponding firmly mounted counterpart 57, whose outer contour is also approximately is chosen triangular and has such dimensions that they are in a position through the Opening 51 of the ballast plate 53 can be passed. In figure 8 is only schematically indicated an approach 15, similar to that already described first embodiment may be configured. The mounting device of Figure 8 also has an eyelet 9 for lifting. Although in the embodiment not shown in Figure 8, also the mounting device of this embodiment have a centering device, the centering device 37 of the corresponds with reference to the figures 1 to 4 explained ballast system.

An embodiment according to the figures 7 and 8 is analogous to that with reference to 1 to 4 explained embodiment used. The mounting device 50 is thereby passed through the opening 51 of the ballast plates 53, that the counterpart 57 fits through the opening. After the mounting device 50 is inserted to the stop 15 in the stack of ballast plates, is the mounting device 50 is rotated about its longitudinal axis by 60 °. This will do that Counterpart 57 locked in a ballast plate 53, so that this ballast plate and the overlying ballast plates, as well as for the embodiment of Figures 1 to 4, can be raised.

Claims (21)

Crane ballasting system comprising: at least one ballast element (3, 53) with at least one through opening (21, 51), and at least one mounting device (1, 50) with an elongated element (11) for insertion through the at least one opening (21, 51) in the at least one ballast element (3, 53) and a lifting device (9) for lifting the entire mounting device (1 , 50), wherein the at least one opening (21, 51) in the at least one ballast element (3, 53) and the mounting device (1, 50) comprise connecting means (7, 57) for locking together. A crane ballasting system according to claim 1, wherein the mounting device (1) extending in the direction of the elongated element (11) preferably downwardly tapered centering device (37) for Centering in the at least one opening (21) of a ballast element (3). Crane ballast system according to claim 2, wherein the centering device (37) slidably mounted in the direction of the elongated element (11) is. A crane ballasting system according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the Opening (21, 51) in the at least one ballast element (3, 53) is not circular is and the mounting device (1, 50) has a counterpart (7, 57) to the Opening (21, 51), wherein the counterpart (7, 57), the elongated Element (11) of the mounting device (1, 50) laterally surmounted and a Outer contour which, in a first position by the non-circular Opening (21, 51) fits and in a second position, by turning the elongated element (11) from the first position about its longitudinal axis can not be obtained through the opening (21, 51) fits, so that the Mounting device (1, 50) in the opening (21, 51) of the ballast element (3, 53) by twisting the elongated element (11) of the mounting device (1, 50) is lockable. A crane ballasting system according to claim 4, wherein the mounting device has at least one transverse pin (7) as a counterpart to the opening (21), which extends laterally outward from the elongated element (11), and the at least one opening (21) of the at least one ballast element (11) configured with an insertion slot (23) for performing the transverse pin (7) is, so that the mounting device (1) with the at least one Cross pin (7) in the opening (21) of the ballast element (3) by turning the elongated element (11) of the mounting device (1) around the latter Longitudinal axis can be locked. Crane ballast system according to claim 5, insofar as it is directly or indirectly From claim 2 is dependent, wherein the transverse pin (7) of the mounting device (1) is continuous and the centering device (37) on the transverse bolt (7) is mounted. Crane ballast system according to claim 6, wherein the centering device (37) has a slot (39) extending axially in a direction that the direction of the elongated element (11) corresponds. A crane ballasting system according to claim 4, wherein the opening (51) in the at least one ballast element (53) is triangular. A crane ballasting system according to any one of claims 4 to 8, wherein the at least one ballast element (11) markings (31, 33) on the surface for indicating the locking position of the mounting device (1) in having the ballast element (3). A crane ballasting system according to any one of claims 4 to 9, wherein the Assembly device (1) a rotating device (35) for rotation about their Has longitudinal axis. A crane ballasting system according to claim 10, wherein the rotating means a foldable lever (35). A crane ballasting system according to any one of claims 1 to 11, wherein the elongated element (11) of the mounting device (1, 50) has a length, which corresponds at least to the thickness of two ballast elements (3, 53). A crane ballasting system according to any one of claims 1 to 12, wherein the elongated element (11) has a displaceable and lockable stop (15), not by the at least one opening (21, 51) of the at least a ballast element (3, 53) fits. Crane ballast system according to claim 13, insofar as it is directly or indirectly From claim 10 is dependent, wherein the rotating means (35) together with the stop (15) in the longitudinal direction of the elongate device (11) the mounting device (1) is displaceable. A crane ballasting system according to any one of claims 1 to 14, wherein the at least one ballast element (3, 53) is plate-shaped. A crane ballasting system according to any one of claims 1 to 15, wherein the at least one opening (21, 51) in the at least one ballast element (3, 53) has a downwardly open recess (5) into which the connecting device (7, 57) for locking the mounting device (1, 50) with the Opening (21, 51) can engage such that they do not down over the Ballast element (3, 53) protrudes. A crane ballasting system according to any one of claims 1 to 16, wherein a Opening (21, 51) for the passage of the elongated element (11) of Mounting device (1, 50) in the center of gravity of the ballast element (3, 53) provided is. A crane ballasting system according to any one of claims 1 to 17, wherein the at least one ballast element (3) at its top and bottom grooves and wedges, lugs (29) and / or recesses (30) into the corresponding Counter elements of another ballast element (3) to the lateral Fixation can intervene. A crane ballasting system according to any one of claims 1 to 18, wherein the elongated element (11) of the mounting device (1, 50) is cylindrical. A crane ballasting system according to any one of claims 1 to 19, wherein the elongate element (11) of the mounting device (1, 50) is tubular. A crane ballasting system according to any one of claims 1 to 20, wherein the Lifting device for lifting the mounting device (1) an eyelet (9) includes.

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