EP1607364B1 - Crane ballast system - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a crane ballast system for lifting and applying ballast elements as a counterweight to a crane or their removal from the crane.

In known solutions for applying ballast elements as a counterweight to a crane ballast plates, z. B. made of concrete, with the help of ropes attached to Anhängepollern the ballast plates on a base plate, which protrudes in the direction opposite to the boom on the crane. Typically, multiple ballast plates are stacked on top of each other to create a corresponding counterweight. The ropes are removed from the trailer bollards by the assembly staff on top of the resulting ballast stack rises. Especially in winter, there is an increased risk of falling. In addition, it often proves to be difficult to hang the ballast plate each aufzulegende precisely aligned on the already in the ballast stack ballast plates.

Out EP 524402 A1 In this case, a crane ballast system according to the preamble of claim 1 is known, in which a hydraulic cylinder arranged on the uppercarriage of a mobile crane is used as the lifting device.

Object of the present invention is to provide a Kranballastierungssystem in which the ballast elements can be placed or removed in a simple and straightforward way, and in which the risk of accidents is reduced, which can be decided depending on the requirement, whether in one operation or several ballast elements to be raised or placed as a weight.

This object is achieved with a crane ballast system having the features of claim 1. Dependent claims are directed to advantageous embodiments.

The crane ballast system according to the invention has at least one ballast element with at least one through opening. Furthermore, a mounting device is provided which comprises an elongated element which can be inserted through the at least one opening in the at least one ballast element. In addition, the mounting device has a lifting device for lifting the entire mounting device. The opening in the at least one ballast element and the mounting device each have connecting means for locking together.

With the crane ballast system according to the invention, the ballast elements can be easily and uncomplicated placed or removed as a counterweight. For receiving the mounting device is inserted through the at least one opening in a ballast element and verkuppelt using the connecting means in the opening. Following the entire mounting device is lifted on the lifting device. By locking the mounting device in the ballast this is lifted with and can be stored on the crane as a counterweight. Unlock the connection and pull out the Mounting device from the opening of the ballast element complete the process. In this way, as many ballast elements are deposited as desired on the ballast stack. Of course, the crane ballast system according to the invention can also be used to remove the ballast elements from the ballast stack or disassembly of the crane.

In general, a plurality of ballast elements are provided, which are laid on each other as a ballast stack and depending on the number of stacked elements a different Counterbalance. It is particularly easy to stack plate-shaped ballast elements.

The particular advantages of the invention Kranballastierungssystem occur especially when receiving ballast elements of a ballast element stack. When installing the crane, so z. B. when recording ballast elements z. B. from a transport vehicle for placing on the ballast stack as a counterweight to a crane or when disassembling the crane for receiving the ballast elements from the ballast stack of the crane for storage on a transport vehicle.

A simple embodiment of the lifting device for lifting the mounting device provides an eyelet in the z. B. can engage a crane hook for lifting.

In a particularly practical further development of the crane ballast system according to the invention, the elongate element of the mounting device has a centering device which preferably tapers downwards. Such a centering device facilitates the precise placement of a ballast element on the ballast stack. In such an embodiment, the centering device may be slidably mounted so that it is pushed together during insertion of the mounting device in the opening when the mounting device through the opening to an underlying object, for. B. abuts the support base plate for the ballast elements.

The lock between the mounting device and the opening of a ballast element can be realized in different ways. So z. B. corresponding bolts are radially extended from the mounting device. Particularly simple, however, is an embodiment in which the opening in the at least one ballast element is not circular and the mounting device has a counterpart that fits in one position through this non-circular opening and not in another position. For this the counterpart towers over the elongated one Element of the mounting device laterally and has an outer contour which fits in a first position through the non-circular opening and not in a second position. It is provided that the first and the second position can be adjusted by rotation of the elongate member about its longitudinal axis. After passing the elongated member through the opening, twisting of the mounting device about the longitudinal axis of the elongated member causes locking of the counterpart in the opening of the ballast member.

Particularly simple is an embodiment in which the mounting device has at least one transverse pin which extends laterally outward from the elongate device, wherein the at least one opening of the at least one ballast element has an insertion slot through which this transverse pin during insertion of the mounting device in the Opening can be performed. In this embodiment, rotation of the mounting device about the longitudinal axis of the elongate member causes locking of the transverse pin in the opening of the ballast element. The embodiment is simple, e.g. B. by pressing the transverse pin in the elongated element produced.

In one embodiment of the crane ballast system with a centering device and a transverse pin in the mounting device, the centering device of a corresponding embodiment can be hung on this transverse pin. This forms an easy to install and cost effective solution. The centering has z. B. on an axially extending slot.

In another advantageous embodiment, the opening in the at least one ballast element is triangular and the connecting device to the mounting device has z. B. on a triangular counterpart. In such an embodiment, the mounting device with the counterpart is first passed through the triangular opening. Rotation through 60 ° about the longitudinal axis of the elongated element of the mounting device leads to the locking of the counterpart in the ballast element. The advantage of such an embodiment is in that the surface pressure is reduced to the requirements and also the respective ballast element can be better kept in the horizontal, since three support points are present.

In an analogous manner, of course, an opening with more than three corners and a corresponding outer contour of the counterpart can be provided.

Advantageously, the ballast element on its surface labeling for indicating the locking position of the mounting device in the ballast element. In this way, it is easy to see when a secure lock is present and the ballast element can be lifted with the mounting device.

Simply, the mounting device itself has a rotating device for rotation about its longitudinal axis. This can, for. B. consist of a fold-out lever that can be easily handled by an operator.

Advantageously, the elongate device of the mounting device has a length such that it can enforce not only an opening of a ballast element, but the openings of several superimposed ballast elements. In this way, it can be decided depending on the requirement, whether one or more ballast elements should be raised or placed in a single operation.

In this case, the elongate member may comprise a displaceable and lockable stop which can be adjusted so as to prevent further entry of the mounting device in the overhead ballast element when the mounting device has entered the desired length far into the stack of ballast elements.

The rotary device may simply be displaceable together with the stop in the longitudinal direction of the elongate device.

It is particularly favorable if the devices for locking, in particular the counterparts on the mounting devices, do not project downward beyond the ballast elements in the state locked in the openings. Just when only a few are to be lifted from a ballast stack with multiple ballast elements or a number of ballast elements to be placed on an existing ballast stack, would hinder downwardly projecting counterpart. In a simple way, this can be realized with downwardly open recesses at the openings.

It can be provided per ballast element a plurality of through openings through which a corresponding number of mounting devices is inserted through to lift the ballast element. It is particularly advantageous if an opening of the ballast element is arranged in its center of gravity, as a rule centrally, so that only a single mounting device has to be used.

In order to secure the individual ballast elements of a ballast stack against slippage, they can in an advantageous embodiment of the Kranballastierungssystems have grooves / wedges, lugs and / or recesses, which can engage in corresponding counter-elements of another ballast element for lateral fixation. So z. B. be provided on the surface of the ballast element grooves, can engage in the wedges on the underside of another ballast element. A similar lateral fixation can be z. B. also achieve with counterparts approaches.

Particularly easy to manufacture and easily rotatable in the openings is a cylindrical mounting device or a tubular configuration, the z. B. can also serve to receive a centering element.

Figur 1:

die Schnittansicht einer Montagevorrichtung eines erfindungsgemäßen Ballastierungssystems im Einsatz,

Figur 2:

die Montagevorrichtung eines erfindungsgemäßen Ballastierungssystems in seitlicher Draufsicht.

Figur 3:

eine Ballastplatte eines erfindungsgemäßen Ballastierungssystems in Seitenansicht,

Figur 4:

die Draufsicht auf diese Ballastplatte,

Figur 5:

ein erfindungsgemäßes Ballastierungssystem im Betrieb,

Figur 6:

das erfindungsgemäße Ballastierungssystem der Figur 5 in der dort angegebenen Blickrichtung VI,

Figur 7:

eine Ballastplatte einer anderen Ausführungsform eines erfindungsgemäßen Ballastierungssystems in Draufsicht, und

Figur 8:

eine Montagevorrichtung zu dieser Ausführungsform des erfindungsgemäßen Ballastierungssystems.

In the following the invention with reference to the accompanying figures will be explained in detail. Showing:

FIG. 1:

the sectional view of a mounting device of a ballast system according to the invention in use,

FIG. 2:

the mounting device of a ballast system according to the invention in a lateral plan view.

FIG. 3:

a ballast plate of a ballast system according to the invention in side view,

FIG. 4:

the top view of this ballast plate,

FIG. 5:

an inventive ballast system in operation,

FIG. 6:

the ballast system of the invention FIG. 5 in the viewing direction VI indicated there,

FIG. 7:

a ballast plate of another embodiment of a ballast system according to the invention in plan view, and

FIG. 8:

a mounting device for this embodiment of the ballast system according to the invention.

First, the mounting device based on the Figures 2 and 1 explained. It comprises an elongated tubular member 11 with two radial bores into which a transverse pin 7 is pressed. At this cross pin 7 hangs down a tapered centering element 37 in a slot 39 which extends upwards into the tubular member 11 and the transverse pin 7 comprises. The centering element 37 can be displaced over the entire length of the oblong hole 39 in the axial direction of the elongated element 11. At the upper end the elongated element 11 is an eyelet 9, in the z. B. a crane hook can be hung. Over the elongated element 11, a further tube 13 is slipped, which has a projection 15. On the tube 13, a hinged lever 35 is attached. The tube 13 is fixed to the elongated tube 11 by means of a bolt 17 which can be inserted through openings, which in the view of FIG. 2 are hidden by the tube 13 and thus are not visible. In this way, the distance of the stop 15 of the transverse pin 7 can be set at different heights. The bolt 17 can be secured as shown in a conventional manner with a pin 18, the z. B. can be held by means of a string 20.

A ballast plate 3 of a ballast system according to the invention is in FIG. 3 in side view and in FIG. 4 shown in plan view. In particular, one recognizes the continuous opening 21 with lateral slots 23. The opening 21 is thus formed such that the tube 11 can be pushed through with the transverse pin 7 of the mounting device 1. In the in FIG. 4 invisible underside of the ballast plate 3 is a recess 5, which is designed in their dimensions and their orientation such that in her the cross bolt 7 of the mounting device 11 can rotate by 90 ° in a locking position.

At the corners of the ballast plate 3 are in this embodiment on the top upwardly facing lugs 29. At the bottom of the ballast element are corresponding recesses 30 which correspond in their dimensions to the lugs 29 on the top. In this way, several similar ballast elements 3 are stacked on each other and are secured against lateral slipping. Corresponding lateral fixing devices can also be provided by interlocking wedges and grooves or the like. be formed.

In this embodiment, the ballast plates according to the invention 3 additional Anhängepoller 27, which can be used for lifting a ballast element 3, when a mounting device 1 is not at hand.

On the surface of the ballast elements 3 markings 31, 33 are provided, which indicate in which direction a plugged through the opening 21 mounting member 1 must be rotated to lock or unlock. Mark 31 shows z. B. a closed lock, while marking 33 shows an open lock. The markers can z. B. may be provided as a survey in the ballast plate. On the mounting device 1, a corresponding counter mark can be attached to the alignment on the markings. It is particularly simple if the mounting device 1 is designed such that in the locked state of the hinged lever 35 in the direction of the mark 31 and in the unlocked state in the direction of the mark 33 shows.

FIG. 1 shows a mounting device 1 in a state in which it is inserted through three ballast plates 3 and is locked to the lower of these three ballast plates. The viewing direction of the section through the ballast plates 3 is in FIG. 4 denoted by I.

FIGS. 5 and 6 show a ballast system according to the invention in use in a crane with two ballast stacks. In the side view of FIG. 5 it can be seen how the mounting device 1 is inserted into the ballast stack. In the rear view of the FIG. 6 , in the FIG. 5 denoted by VI, one recognizes in the left ballast stack the mounting device 1. The right ballast stack is fully assembled. The ballast plates rest on the base plate 19.

The described ballast system according to the invention is used as follows.

First, it is decided how many ballast plates should be lifted simultaneously with the mounting device 1. The distance between the transverse pin 7 and the projection 15 of the mounting device 1 is adjusted accordingly and fixed with the bolt 17. For example, with a crane on the eyelet 9 of the mounting device 1 is attacked and introduced the mounting device with the centering 37 ahead through the central opening 21 of the ballast elements on a stack, until the projection 15 comes to rest on the surface of the uppermost ballast element. In this case, the transverse pin 7 is guided through the lateral slots 23 of the openings 21. The lever 35 is folded down and causes a rotation of the mounting device about the longitudinal axis. For this purpose, the lever 35 z. B. from a position in which it points in the direction of the mark 33 on the uppermost ballast plate 3, in a position in which it points in the direction of the mark 31 on the uppermost ballast plate 3. By this rotation about the vertical axis of the transverse pin 7 moves in the recess 5 in a position as shown in section in FIG. 1 is visible. The mounting device is thus locked in the lower of the three ballast plates 3 shown. With the help of the crane can then be raised to the eyelet 9, the mounting device 1 in its entirety, so that the ball between the cross pin 7 and the neck 15 ballast plates 3 with lift.

The mounting device 1 with the raised ballast elements 3 located thereon is now guided over the ballast stack on the crane to which these ballast elements are to be discontinued. With the aid of the centering element 37, it is possible in a simple manner to center and lower the ballast elements to be raised with respect to the ballast elements already in the stack. Only the angular orientation of the ballast elements to be raised with respect to the ballast elements already in the stack has to be adjusted before the upper ballast elements 3 are finally deposited. With the help of the hinged lever, the mounting device 1 is now rotated back by 90 ° about its vertical axis, so that the hinged lever 35 points in the direction of the mark 33.

Thus, the cross pin 7 is again in alignment under the insertion slots 23 of the opening 21, so that the mounting device 1 can be pulled up from the openings 21 of the ballast plates 3. A safe and safe placement of the other ballast plates is completed.

When disassembling the crane procedure is analogous to remove the ballast 3 of the Ballaststapel.am crane again and z. B. store on a transport vehicle.

FIGS. 7 and 8th show another embodiment of the ballast system according to the invention. The ballast plate 53 here has a triangular opening 51. The mounting device 50 with the elongate member 11 has a corresponding fixed mounted counterpart 57, the outer contour is also approximately triangular and has such dimensions that it can be passed in a position through the opening 51 of the ballast plate 53. In FIG. 8 is only schematically indicated an approach 15, which may be configured similar to the first embodiment already described. The mounting device of FIG. 8 also has an eyelet 9 for lifting. Although in the embodiment of the FIG. 8 not shown, the mounting device of this embodiment may also have a centering device, the centering device 37 of the reference to the FIGS. 1 to 4 explained ballast system corresponds.

An embodiment according to the FIGS. 7 and 8th is analogous to that with reference to the FIGS. 1 to 4 explained embodiment used. The mounting device 50 is thereby passed through the opening 51 of the ballast plates 53, that the counterpart 57 fits through the opening. After the mounting device 50 is inserted as far as the stop 15 in the stack of ballast plates, the mounting device 50 is rotated about its longitudinal axis by 60 °. As a result, the counterpart 57 is locked in a ballast plate 53, so that this ballast plate and the overlying ballast plates, as already for the embodiment of FIGS. 1 to 4 described, can be raised.

Claims (20)

1. A crane ballasting system comprising the following:

   - at least one ballast element (3, 53) having at least one uninterrupted opening (21, 51); and

   - at least one installation apparatus (1, 50) having an elongate element (11) to be passed through the at least one opening (21, 51) in the at least one ballast element (3, 53) and a lifting device (9) to lift the whole installation apparatus (1, 50);

   - wherein the at least one opening (21, 51) in the at least one ballast element (3, 53) and the installation apparatus (1, 50) have connection devices (7, 57) for latching with one other,

   characterised in that
   the elongate element (11) includes a displaceable abutment (15) which can be locked at different heights and which does not fit through the at least one opening (21, 51) of the at least one ballast element (3, 53).
2. A crane ballasting system in accordance with claim 1, wherein the installation apparatus (1) has a centring device (37) extending in the direction of the elongate element (11) and preferably tapering downwards to a point for centring in the at least one opening (21) of the one ballast element (3).
3. A crane ballasting system in accordance with claim 2, wherein the centring device (37) is displaceably supported in the direction of the elongate element (11).
4. A crane ballasting system in accordance with any one of the claims 1 to 3, wherein the opening (21, 51) in the at least one ballast element (3, 53) is not circular and the installation apparatus (1, 50) has a counter-piece (7, 57) to the opening (21, 51); wherein the counter-piece (7, 57) projects beyond the elongate element (11) of the installation apparatus (1, 50) laterally and has an outer contour which fits through the non-circular opening (21, 51) in a first position and does not fit through the opening (21, 51) in a second position, which can be obtained by rotating the elongate element (11) around its longitudinal axis out of the first position so that the installation apparatus (1, 50) can be latched in the opening (21, 51) of the ballast element (3, 53) by rotating the elongate element (11) of the installation apparatus (1, 50).
5. A crane ballasting system in accordance with claim 4, wherein the installation apparatus has at least one radial bolt (7) as a counter-piece to the opening (21), said at least one radial bolt extending laterally outwardly from the elongate element (11), and the at least one opening (21) of the at least one ballast element (11) is designed with an insertion slot (23) for the passing through of the radial bolt (7) so that the installation apparatus (1) having the at least one radial bolt (7) can be latched in the opening (21) of the ballast element (3) by rotating the elongate element (11) of the installation apparatus (1) around its longitudinal axis.
6. A crane ballasting system in accordance with claim 5, to the extent it is dependent directly or indirectly on claim 2, wherein the radial bolt (7) of the installation apparatus (1) is uninterrupted; and the centring device (37) is hung on the radial bolt (7).
7. A crane ballasting system in accordance with claim 6, wherein the centring device (37) has an elongate hole (39) which extends axially in a direction corresponding to the direction of the elongate element (11).
8. A crane ballasting system in accordance with claim 4, wherein the opening (51) in the at least one ballast element (53) is triangular.
9. A crane ballasting system in accordance with any one of the claims 4 to 8, wherein the at least one ballast element (11) has markings (31, 33) on the surface to indicate the latching position of the installation apparatus (1) in the ballast element (3).
10. A crane ballasting system in accordance with any one of the claims 4 to 9, wherein the installation apparatus (1) has a rotation device (35) for the rotation around its longitudinal axis.
11. A crane ballasting system in accordance with claim 10, wherein the rotation device comprises a lever (35) which can be folded outwardly.
12. A crane ballasting system in accordance with any one of the claims 1 to 11, wherein the elongate element (11) of the installation apparatus (1, 50) has a length which at least corresponds to the thickness of two ballast elements (3, 53).
13. A crane ballasting system in accordance with claim 10, wherein the rotation device (35) is displaceable with the stop (15) in the longitudinal direction of the elongate element (11) of the installation apparatus (1).
14. A crane ballasting system in accordance with any one of the claims 1 to 13, wherein the at least one ballast element (3, 53) is plate shaped.
15. A crane ballasting system in accordance with any one of the claims 1 to 14, wherein the at least one opening (21, 51) has a downwardly open cut-out (5) in the at least one ballast element (3, 53) into which the connection device (7, 51) can engage for the latching of the installation apparatus (1, 50) with the opening (21, 51) such that it does not project downwardly beyond the ballast element (3, 53).
16. A crane ballasting system in accordance with any one of the claims 1 to 15, wherein an opening (21, 51) for the passing through of the elongate element (11) of the installation apparatus (1, 50) is provided at the centre of gravity of the ballast element (3, 53).
17. A crane ballasting system in accordance with any one of the claims 1 to 16, wherein the at least one ballast element (3) has grooves and keys, noses (29) and/or cut-outs (30) at its upper side and lower side into which the corresponding counter-elements of a further ballast element (3) can engage for the lateral fixing.
18. A crane ballasting system in accordance with any one of the claims 1 to 17, wherein the elongate element (11) of the installation apparatus (1, 50) is cylindrical.
19. A crane ballasting system in accordance with any one of the claims 1 to 18, wherein the elongate element (11) of the installation apparatus (1, 50) is tubular.
20. A crane ballasting system in accordance with any one of the claims 1 to 19, wherein the lifting device includes an eye (9) for lifting the installation apparatus (1).

Images