EP1604752B1 - Hydraulisches Aufweitverfahren und Vorrichtung dafür - Google Patents

Hydraulisches Aufweitverfahren und Vorrichtung dafür Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1604752B1
EP1604752B1 EP04013164A EP04013164A EP1604752B1 EP 1604752 B1 EP1604752 B1 EP 1604752B1 EP 04013164 A EP04013164 A EP 04013164A EP 04013164 A EP04013164 A EP 04013164A EP 1604752 B1 EP1604752 B1 EP 1604752B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
pressure
expansion
tube
probe
hydraulic oil
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP04013164A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1604752A1 (de
Inventor
Miroslav Dr. Podhorsky
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Balcke Duerr GmbH
Original Assignee
Balcke Duerr GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority to ES04013164T priority Critical patent/ES2301898T3/es
Application filed by Balcke Duerr GmbH filed Critical Balcke Duerr GmbH
Priority to AT04013164T priority patent/ATE389478T1/de
Priority to EP04013164A priority patent/EP1604752B1/de
Priority to DE502004006574T priority patent/DE502004006574D1/de
Priority to US11/142,343 priority patent/US7021150B2/en
Priority to RU2005116960/06A priority patent/RU2303500C2/ru
Priority to CNB2005100748827A priority patent/CN1332771C/zh
Publication of EP1604752A1 publication Critical patent/EP1604752A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1604752B1 publication Critical patent/EP1604752B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D39/00—Application of procedures in order to connect objects or parts, e.g. coating with sheet metal otherwise than by plating; Tube expanders
    • B21D39/08—Tube expanders
    • B21D39/20—Tube expanders with mandrels, e.g. expandable

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for hydraulic expansion of a pipe against a holding opening of an adjacent component, in which a pressure state is generated in the pressure medium with a hydraulic oil via a media separator and a pressure multiplier and a device for carrying out this method. Furthermore, the invention also relates to a method for determining a maximum allowable number of hydraulic tube expansions until the material fatigue of the pressure probe. It is referred to the preambles of claims 1, 11 and 14.
  • Such methods and devices are for. B. from the DE 2616523 and have been shown in the past to be very suitable methods and devices, inter alia for attachment of heat exchanger tubes in heat exchangers or in the manufacture of camshafts for automotive engines.
  • the invention is therefore based on the object to increase the workable with an expansion device number of hydraulic tube expansions.
  • the invention accordingly relates to a basically known method for hydraulic expansion of pipes, in which a pressure state in the pressure medium is generated by means of a hydraulic oil via a media separator and a pressure multiplier.
  • This known method is characterized by the fact that it uses two different and separate liquids for expansion, on the one hand, the pressure medium and on the other hand, a hydraulic oil, which acts on the pressure medium DrukkPartd.
  • this method when using water as a pressure medium, this method has the advantage that the expanded tubes do not come into contact with hydraulic oil and therefore do not have to be cleaned consuming after completion of the expansion process.
  • the separation of the pressure medium circuit from the hydraulic oil circuit is achieved by using a media separator and a pressure multiplier, both of which are in each case in communication with the two fluid circuits.
  • the media separator serves for filling the expansion device or the pressure multiplier and the pressure multiplier serves for the actual pressure build-up for the expansion.
  • the filling with pressure medium includes the filling of the expansion space, the pressure probe and all connected to the pressure probe pressure lines and devices such. the pressure multiplier.
  • the filling period is limited so that it ensures a sufficiently large response time for the pumps and pistons of the expander but at the same time optimizes the operation with a short maximum time. In addition, it can now be seen from the exceeding of the maximum time that e.g. There is a leak, so the seals or the pressure probe must be checked.
  • the period of 1 s to a maximum of 20 s, both during filling and during pressure build-up, is precisely the optimum compromise between a preferably high speed of the process implementation and a slower introduction of force which is desirable for a process process which is as long as possible.
  • This compromise now makes it possible to that the seals affixed to the pressure probe have significantly greater stability, with a fast filling and pressure build-up time.
  • the investigations have shown that in particular the increase of the expansion pressure to 13 to 15 times, preferably 14 times, the hydraulic oil pressure through the pressure multiplier in interaction with the limited periods for filling the expansion space and the pressure probe represents a particularly favorable ratio.
  • This combination again greatly reduces the fatigue phenomena in the seals and in the pressure probe, and to a much greater extent than the individual measures can be expected.
  • a filling pressure that is 1.4 times the hydraulic oil pressure has been found to be optimal over an expanding pressure that is 14 times the hydraulic oil pressure.
  • the expansion pressure for an expansion time of 1 s is held to a maximum of 10 s.
  • the pipe begins to plastically deform, it is called the flow of the pipe material, thereby experiencing a large permanent deformation.
  • the tube deformations are in this case controlled over time and not via the force application, wherein the expansion time is selected depending on the tube materials, the geometry of the holding opening and the rigidity or geometry of the adjacent component.
  • the limitation of the period results in a deformation behavior corresponding to the usual dimensions and materials.
  • the seals have just enough time to follow the plastic deformation of the pipe section to be expanded.
  • the minimum limit of 1 s is a value that is necessarily required so that conventional materials deform sufficiently plastically in the first place.
  • an expansion pressure of 2000 bar to 4000 bar is generated. This pressure range has been found to be particularly suitable for the expansion of tubes of all common materials from the standpoint of the stability of the expansion devices.
  • the pressure probe is arranged at a distance from the welded tube plate edge, the distance being 1.0 times 1.5 times the inside diameter of the tube to be expanded.
  • a deformation occurring in the pipe is preferably already measured during the expansion.
  • This deformation measurement of the tube made during the expansion can be used to optimize the pressure introduction, so as to turn the devices for carrying out the method such. B. to protect the pressure probe and the seals from unnecessary or excessive stress.
  • the deformation occurring in the pipe is preferably determined from a pressure drop in the pressure medium and / or in the hydraulic oil.
  • it is possible to metrologically record the plastic deformation behavior since the material behavior basically changes when the so-called yield point is reached.
  • steel exhibits an approximately linear relationship between stress and strain, and then large deformations occur without further increases in pressure.
  • the pressurized pressure medium can relax easily due to the quickly become larger tube cross section with a time again. This leads to a short-term pressure reduction, which is metrologically z. B. by a fluctuation of the pressure or possibly determine the drive power of the hydraulic system. This makes it possible to measure directly during the expansion of the resulting deformations.
  • the method is preferably carried out such that the expansion pressure and / or the expansion time are selected as a function of the deformation occurring in the pipe.
  • the method is preferably carried out with the aid of a regulating device, wherein the regulating device keeps the expansion pressure constant during the expanding time. That is, in this embodiment of the method via a suitable control device, such as. As a computer with storage medium and processing unit, the expansion pressure of the control device by suitable measuring means such. B. high pressure transducers (HD transducers) determined. Will it then during the expansion process to increased volume changes in the expansion space, by the control device is a drive member such. As a hydraulic pump, readjusted in its performance. As a result, the pressure drop resulting from the flow is compensated and the expansion process is once again accelerated or optimized.
  • a suitable control device such as.
  • the expansion pressure of the control device by suitable measuring means such.
  • the control device is a drive member such.
  • As a hydraulic pump readjusted in its performance. As a result, the pressure drop resulting from the flow is compensated and the expansion process is once again accelerated or
  • the control device is at least input the geometry of the tube to be expanded and the holding opening in the adjacent component and a predetermined tube holding force, wherein the control device determines the expansion pressure and the expansion time required to achieve this tube holding force.
  • the tube holding force to be achieved ie the force with which the tube is to be held later in the holding opening, is given to the regulating device as a target value.
  • control device for determining the required expansion pressure and the expansion time independently determines the material properties of the pipe and possibly also of the adjacent component from a deformation measurement.
  • the control device can then recognize the materials or materials that are involved or independently calculate their own material laws, either by comparing the measured values from the deformation measurement with a material database. This provides the utmost accuracy in the application of expander pressures and expansion times, and significantly reduces stress on the pressure probes and seal components. So it increases again the number of expansions that can be made with a widening device.
  • control device determines a degree of wear of the pressure probe.
  • the degree of wear can be z. B. result from the number of actually made with the pressure probe widening. As a degree of wear but can also be recorded by the control device actually incurred in the pressure probe voltages. The voltages z. B. from the applied pressures in the hydraulic system can be determined.
  • the degree of wear allows an assessment of the condition of the pressure probe, whereby the number of expansions or the duration of the use of the pressure probe can be optimally adapted to their durability. This results in a significantly higher overall use or expansion numbers, which can be made with a pressure probe.
  • the object is also achieved by a method for determining a maximum number of hydraulic tube expansions, which can be carried out with a pressure probe, in which the maximum number of expansions is determined taking into account the tube deformations of the expanded tubes. It is therefore a method for predicting the stability of the pressure probe, in which the load of the pressure probe is determined indirectly via the deformations of the expanded tube and not from the direct load of the pressure probe. This has the advantage that it is much easier to measure the deformations of the expanded tube than, for example, a stress load on the pressure probe itself. On the other hand, depending on the seals used, there is a direct relationship between the tube deformation and the load on the probe, so that an upper limit for the load capacity of the pressure probe can be determined.
  • the maximum number of possible widenings with defined tube deformations is determined prior to performing widening.
  • the maximum possible number of expansions that can be carried out with the pressure probe is determined on the basis of the desired tube deformations, if possible before any expansion with the pressure probe has actually taken place.
  • the conditions of use of the probe are specifically determined and then determined their life. In this way, you can tell the user of the pressure probe before commissioning the pressure probe already, how often he may use them under these conditions. This gives a very accurate estimate of the load on the pressure probe, which was based on the most likely load actually occurring on the pressure probe.
  • the self-adjusting tube deformations are measured after performing at least one, preferably each, expansion and determines therefrom a maximum number of possible expansions. So can after each expansion of the actually achieved pipe deformation be determined how many expansions are still possible with the expander. This also makes it possible to perform different conditions of use or different degrees of expansion with the expander with optimized accuracy of the stability test.
  • this development can also be carried out starting from the stability prediction based on defined tube deformations. Then, in the case of a deviation from the defined tube deformations, a corrected maximum number is determined taking into account the tube deformations actually produced by the pressure probe. On the basis of a first theoretical estimate, this results in an improved prognosis for the maximum permissible number of expansions after each expansion.
  • the safety factors customary in the determination of maximum permissible pressure expansions can be reduced on account of the improved forecast accuracy. This allows a further significant increase in the number of expansions that can be made with the pressure probe. At the same time, the improved prognosis also results in increased safety for the users since the actual load level of the pressure probe is determined much more accurately.
  • the object is also achieved with a device for carrying out these methods, which has a media separator, a pressure multiplier and a pressure probe with seals, wherein a pressure state in the pressure medium is generated via the media separator and the pressure multiplier with a hydraulic oil, in which the material of the pressure probe 34 CrNiMo 6 is.
  • This special material has proven in tests as particularly pressure-resistant, durable, corrosion-resistant and therefore well suited.
  • the hydraulic oil should comply with DIN 51524 Part 2. This guarantees a particularly high degree of operational safety and cost-effectiveness of the hydraulic expansion device, which, as experiments have shown, depend to a great extent on the quality of the hydraulic oil used. Thus, this assumes the task of an energy carrier, while it reliably lubricates all mutually moving internal parts of the expander. At the same time, such a hydraulic oil does not attack the aforementioned sealing elements, does not foam at the present working pressures, has a good aging resistance and offers good corrosion protection. Finally, such a thing procured hydraulic oil and a favorable viscosity-temperature ratio, that is, in the Aufweit congress in the oil-adjusting temperature differences arise no too large toughness changes.
  • the hydraulic oil is filtered and / or cooled, wherein the maximum oil temperature is preferably limited to 40 ° C to 50 ° C.
  • the hydraulic oil should meet the purity class 16/12 according to ISO 4406. With the cooling an inadmissible heating of the hydraulic oil is avoided, advantageously an air-cooled oil cooler is used, which switches on at 50 ° C and off at 40 ° C.
  • Expander 1 shown has a pressure probe 2, a media separator 3, a pressure multiplier 4, a water tank 5, a switching valve 6 and an oil tank 7.
  • the pressure multiplier 4 is connected to the hydraulic oil tank 7 via a hydraulic line 10 and the media separator 3 via a branching off from the hydraulic line 10 hydraulic line 11 and a hydraulic line 12 with the Oil tank 7 connected.
  • a pressurized water line 13 leads to the pressure probe line 14, from which a pressure medium line 15 leading to the media separator 15 branches off.
  • the pressure probe 2 For hydraulic expansion of a tube 16 in a holding opening 17 of an adjacent tube plate 18, the pressure probe 2 is inserted into the tube in a first step.
  • the pressure probe 2 ensures a circular over the diameter of the tube 16 protruding stop 19, that the seals 20 and 21 of the pressure probe are within the holding opening 17. It is thus ensured by the stop 19 that the Widening of the tube takes place only in the region of the holding opening 17.
  • the distance between the stop 19 and the rear pressure probe seal 21 corresponds to 1.0 times the inner diameter of the tube to be expanded, since here the tube 16 to be expanded has already been welded into the tube plate 18 for sealing with a sealing weld 22.
  • water is pumped into the expansion space by initially bringing the hydraulic switching valve 6 into a first position I.
  • hydraulic oil is pumped by the pump 23 through the hydraulic line 12 into the media separator 3.
  • This hydraulic oil presses the media separator piston 8 against the previously flowed from the water tank 5 in the media separator 3 water through the pressurized water line 15 in the pressurized water line 13, wherein a check valve 24 prevents the backflow of water into the water tank 5.
  • water is pumped into the pressure probe line 14 and flows from there through the pressure probe 2 into the expansion space between the two seals 20 and 21 and the tube wall and the pressure probe, while water also flows into the pressure multiplier 4.
  • Due to the piston ratio of 1: 1.4 of the media separator 3 results in an increased by 1.4 times compared to the hydraulic oil pressure water pressure. This ensures a rapid filling of the expansion space of the pressure probe and the pressure multiplier.
  • the switching valve 6 is brought into the position II, so that the oil pump 23 pumps hydraulic oil into the pressure multiplier 4 and at the same time via the hydraulic line 11 causes a reset of the media separator piston 8. Hydraulic oil is thus simultaneously pumped into the pressure multiplier 4 and pressed out of the media separator 3 and new water is sucked into the media separator 3.
  • the pressure in the pressure multiplier 4 the water in the pressure multiplier 4 and the associated expansion space is pressurized by the injection of hydraulic oil. From the piston ratio of 1:14 of the pressure multiplier 4 results in a relation to the hydraulic oil pressure 14-fold increase of the water pressure against the hydraulic oil pressure.
  • the hydraulic oil pressure can be read off on a manometer 25 during this time.
  • the switching valve 6 is brought into a third position. This is the idle, wherein the pressure probe 2, the media separator 3 and the pressure multiplier 4 are relieved.
  • the oil pump 23 is switched off so that the water can push the pressure multiplier piston 9 back again, since the water can only flow into the pressure multiplier 4 due to the check valve 26.
  • the pressure probe 2 from the expanded tube 16 are pulled out, residual water flows out and the expansion device 1 is available for a further expansion process again.
  • FIG. 2 a second embodiment of the pressure probe 2 is shown, each having two connected to the pressure probe line 14 inflow lines 27 and 28 has. On these two inflow lines 27, 28 each seated in an annular recess 29, a sealing ring 20 and 21st
  • This embodiment of the pressure probe has the advantage that the filling of the expansion space between the two sealing rings 20, 21 takes place in such a way that the water is pumped through the pressure probe line 14 and the associated inflow lines 27 and 28. In this case, the water presses the sealing rings 20 and 21 against the wall of the tube 16. That is, the sealing rings are not beyond the surface of the pressure probe 2 during insertion, so the pressure probe 2 can be easily inserted. Only when filling the expansion space with water, the seals 20, 21 are expanded by the outflowing water and thereby applied to the pipe 16 for sealing. This minimizes the abrasion of the seals 20, 21 when inserted into the tube 16 and thus increases the number of widenings that can be made with them.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Investigating Strength Of Materials By Application Of Mechanical Stress (AREA)
  • Lubricants (AREA)
  • Earth Drilling (AREA)
  • Fluid-Pressure Circuits (AREA)
EP04013164A 2004-06-03 2004-06-03 Hydraulisches Aufweitverfahren und Vorrichtung dafür Expired - Lifetime EP1604752B1 (de)

Priority Applications (7)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT04013164T ATE389478T1 (de) 2004-06-03 2004-06-03 Hydraulisches aufweitverfahren und vorrichtung dafür
EP04013164A EP1604752B1 (de) 2004-06-03 2004-06-03 Hydraulisches Aufweitverfahren und Vorrichtung dafür
DE502004006574T DE502004006574D1 (de) 2004-06-03 2004-06-03 Hydraulisches Aufweitverfahren und Vorrichtung dafür
ES04013164T ES2301898T3 (es) 2004-06-03 2004-06-03 Procedimiento y dispositivo para ensanchamiento hidraulico.
US11/142,343 US7021150B2 (en) 2004-06-03 2005-06-02 Device and procedure for hydraulic expansion
RU2005116960/06A RU2303500C2 (ru) 2004-06-03 2005-06-02 Способ гидравлического расширения трубы и устройство для его осуществления, способ определения максимального количества гидравлических расширений трубы
CNB2005100748827A CN1332771C (zh) 2004-06-03 2005-06-03 液压膨胀的设备及方法

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP04013164A EP1604752B1 (de) 2004-06-03 2004-06-03 Hydraulisches Aufweitverfahren und Vorrichtung dafür

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1604752A1 EP1604752A1 (de) 2005-12-14
EP1604752B1 true EP1604752B1 (de) 2008-03-19

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EP04013164A Expired - Lifetime EP1604752B1 (de) 2004-06-03 2004-06-03 Hydraulisches Aufweitverfahren und Vorrichtung dafür

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US7021150B2 (zh)
EP (1) EP1604752B1 (zh)
CN (1) CN1332771C (zh)
AT (1) ATE389478T1 (zh)
DE (1) DE502004006574D1 (zh)
ES (1) ES2301898T3 (zh)
RU (1) RU2303500C2 (zh)

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US7977049B2 (en) * 2002-08-09 2011-07-12 President And Fellows Of Harvard College Methods and compositions for extending the life span and increasing the stress resistance of cells and organisms
JP4408873B2 (ja) * 2006-04-10 2010-02-03 株式会社スギノマシン 液圧拡管成形装置
CN101823103B (zh) * 2009-10-30 2011-12-28 湖北大冶中海换热器有限公司 自动控制气动辘管机
CN102854061B (zh) * 2012-07-31 2015-07-08 清华大学 一种含贯穿裂纹管道的加载方法
CN103752709B (zh) * 2013-03-20 2016-06-01 四川泸天化股份有限公司 管子管板胀接方法
DE102013105361A1 (de) * 2013-05-24 2014-11-27 Thyssenkrupp Steel Europe Ag Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Herstellung eines geformten Bauteils
CN103286231B (zh) * 2013-06-14 2015-05-20 哈电集团（秦皇岛）重型装备有限公司 厚壁镍基合金换热管与镍基合金管板的胀接工艺
CN104874997A (zh) * 2015-06-15 2015-09-02 苏州英达瑞机器人科技有限公司 辅助穿管机构
RU2619007C2 (ru) * 2015-10-16 2017-05-11 федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Иркутский национальный исследовательский технический университет" (ФГБОУ ВО "ИРНИТУ") Способ формообразования из трубчатых заготовок деталей с элементами жесткости в виде выворотов
CN105822621A (zh) * 2016-05-26 2016-08-03 江苏源之翼电气有限公司 缸体及活塞的间隙密封系统
EP3463804B1 (en) * 2016-05-26 2023-09-06 Dow Global Technologies Llc Mandrel and support assembly
CN106950114B (zh) * 2017-03-29 2019-07-16 中国石油大学(华东) 单向液压驱动式全裂纹管道断裂模拟实验装置及实验方法
JP6990487B2 (ja) * 2017-07-28 2022-01-12 三桜工業株式会社 パイプ端部加工装置
CN112264538B (zh) * 2020-10-16 2022-11-01 艾森曼热能科技有限公司 一种适用于不同规格管件的液压胀管器
CN113218795B (zh) * 2021-05-06 2022-07-12 湘潭大学 一种铅酸电池板栅疲劳寿命模拟检测装置及检测方法

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AT349856B (de) * 1976-04-14 1979-04-25 Balcke Duerr Ag Vorrichtung zum aufweiten von rohrenden inner- halb einer rohrscheibe
JPS5530376A (en) * 1978-08-28 1980-03-04 Hitachi Ltd Method and apparatus for expanding pipe
DE3105735C2 (de) * 1981-02-17 1983-05-26 Wilfried 4630 Bochum Busse Anlage zur druckdichten Befestigung eines Rohres in einem Rohrboden mit Hilfe einer Druckflüssigkeit
US5301424A (en) * 1992-11-30 1994-04-12 Westinghouse Electric Corp. Method for hydraulically expanding tubular members
DE19821807C2 (de) * 1998-05-15 2000-10-19 Daimler Chrysler Ag Gebaute Aufweitlanze
CN2387988Y (zh) * 1999-08-31 2000-07-19 攀钢集团煤化工公司 液压胀管器

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP1604752A1 (de) 2005-12-14
RU2303500C2 (ru) 2007-07-27
CN1704186A (zh) 2005-12-07
ES2301898T3 (es) 2008-07-01
CN1332771C (zh) 2007-08-22
ATE389478T1 (de) 2008-04-15
DE502004006574D1 (de) 2008-04-30
RU2005116960A (ru) 2006-12-10
US20060000291A1 (en) 2006-01-05
US7021150B2 (en) 2006-04-04

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