EP1598095B1 - Übungsgerät - Google Patents

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Publication number
EP1598095B1
EP1598095B1 EP05008345A EP05008345A EP1598095B1 EP 1598095 B1 EP1598095 B1 EP 1598095B1 EP 05008345 A EP05008345 A EP 05008345A EP 05008345 A EP05008345 A EP 05008345A EP 1598095 B1 EP1598095 B1 EP 1598095B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
fact
arm
machine according
component
footboard
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Not-in-force
Application number
EP05008345A
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English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1598095A2 (de
EP1598095A3 (de
Inventor
Nerio Alessandri
Francesco Della Vittoria
Fabio Ferretti
Gianmatteo Fabbri
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Technogym SpA
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Technogym SpA
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Publication date
Priority claimed from ITRA20040044 external-priority patent/ITRA20040044A1/it
Application filed by Technogym SpA filed Critical Technogym SpA
Priority to EP05008345A priority Critical patent/EP1598095B1/de
Publication of EP1598095A2 publication Critical patent/EP1598095A2/de
Publication of EP1598095A3 publication Critical patent/EP1598095A3/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1598095B1 publication Critical patent/EP1598095B1/de
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
    • A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
    • A63B69/00—Training appliances or apparatus for special sports
    • A63B69/0022—Training appliances or apparatus for special sports for skating
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
    • A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
    • A63B21/00—Exercising apparatus for developing or strengthening the muscles or joints of the body by working against a counterforce, with or without measuring devices
    • A63B21/06—User-manipulated weights
    • A63B21/062—User-manipulated weights including guide for vertical or non-vertical weights or array of weights to move against gravity forces
    • A63B21/0626—User-manipulated weights including guide for vertical or non-vertical weights or array of weights to move against gravity forces with substantially vertical guiding means
    • A63B21/0628—User-manipulated weights including guide for vertical or non-vertical weights or array of weights to move against gravity forces with substantially vertical guiding means for vertical array of weights
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
    • A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
    • A63B21/00—Exercising apparatus for developing or strengthening the muscles or joints of the body by working against a counterforce, with or without measuring devices
    • A63B21/15—Arrangements for force transmissions
    • A63B21/151—Using flexible elements for reciprocating movements, e.g. ropes or chains
    • A63B21/154—Using flexible elements for reciprocating movements, e.g. ropes or chains using special pulley-assemblies
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
    • A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
    • A63B21/00—Exercising apparatus for developing or strengthening the muscles or joints of the body by working against a counterforce, with or without measuring devices
    • A63B21/15—Arrangements for force transmissions
    • A63B21/157—Ratchet-wheel links; Overrunning clutches; One-way clutches
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
    • A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
    • A63B22/00—Exercising apparatus specially adapted for conditioning the cardio-vascular system, for training agility or co-ordination of movements
    • A63B22/0048—Exercising apparatus specially adapted for conditioning the cardio-vascular system, for training agility or co-ordination of movements with cantilevered support elements pivoting about an axis
    • A63B22/0064—Exercising apparatus specially adapted for conditioning the cardio-vascular system, for training agility or co-ordination of movements with cantilevered support elements pivoting about an axis the pivoting movement being in a plane inclined with respect to the horizontal plane, e.g. a step and twist movement
    • A63B22/0069—Exercising apparatus specially adapted for conditioning the cardio-vascular system, for training agility or co-ordination of movements with cantilevered support elements pivoting about an axis the pivoting movement being in a plane inclined with respect to the horizontal plane, e.g. a step and twist movement about an axis inclined with respect to the horizontal plane, e.g. steppers with an inclined axis
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
    • A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
    • A63B22/00—Exercising apparatus specially adapted for conditioning the cardio-vascular system, for training agility or co-ordination of movements
    • A63B22/0025—Particular aspects relating to the orientation of movement paths of the limbs relative to the body; Relative relationship between the movements of the limbs
    • A63B2022/0038—One foot moving independently from the other, i.e. there is no link between the movements of the feet
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
    • A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
    • A63B22/00—Exercising apparatus specially adapted for conditioning the cardio-vascular system, for training agility or co-ordination of movements
    • A63B22/0025—Particular aspects relating to the orientation of movement paths of the limbs relative to the body; Relative relationship between the movements of the limbs
    • A63B2022/0041—Particular aspects relating to the orientation of movement paths of the limbs relative to the body; Relative relationship between the movements of the limbs one hand moving independently from the other hand, i.e. there is no link between the movements of the hands
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
    • A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
    • A63B22/00—Exercising apparatus specially adapted for conditioning the cardio-vascular system, for training agility or co-ordination of movements
    • A63B22/0048—Exercising apparatus specially adapted for conditioning the cardio-vascular system, for training agility or co-ordination of movements with cantilevered support elements pivoting about an axis
    • A63B22/0064—Exercising apparatus specially adapted for conditioning the cardio-vascular system, for training agility or co-ordination of movements with cantilevered support elements pivoting about an axis the pivoting movement being in a plane inclined with respect to the horizontal plane, e.g. a step and twist movement
    • A63B22/0069—Exercising apparatus specially adapted for conditioning the cardio-vascular system, for training agility or co-ordination of movements with cantilevered support elements pivoting about an axis the pivoting movement being in a plane inclined with respect to the horizontal plane, e.g. a step and twist movement about an axis inclined with respect to the horizontal plane, e.g. steppers with an inclined axis
    • A63B2022/0071—Exercising apparatus specially adapted for conditioning the cardio-vascular system, for training agility or co-ordination of movements with cantilevered support elements pivoting about an axis the pivoting movement being in a plane inclined with respect to the horizontal plane, e.g. a step and twist movement about an axis inclined with respect to the horizontal plane, e.g. steppers with an inclined axis the axis being located behind the user, e.g. for skate training
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
    • A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
    • A63B21/00—Exercising apparatus for developing or strengthening the muscles or joints of the body by working against a counterforce, with or without measuring devices
    • A63B21/005—Exercising apparatus for developing or strengthening the muscles or joints of the body by working against a counterforce, with or without measuring devices using electromagnetic or electric force-resisters
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
    • A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
    • A63B21/00—Exercising apparatus for developing or strengthening the muscles or joints of the body by working against a counterforce, with or without measuring devices
    • A63B21/02—Exercising apparatus for developing or strengthening the muscles or joints of the body by working against a counterforce, with or without measuring devices using resilient force-resisters
    • A63B21/055—Exercising apparatus for developing or strengthening the muscles or joints of the body by working against a counterforce, with or without measuring devices using resilient force-resisters extension element type
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
    • A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
    • A63B21/00—Exercising apparatus for developing or strengthening the muscles or joints of the body by working against a counterforce, with or without measuring devices
    • A63B21/22—Resisting devices with rotary bodies
    • A63B21/225—Resisting devices with rotary bodies with flywheels
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
    • A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
    • A63B69/00—Training appliances or apparatus for special sports
    • A63B69/18—Training appliances or apparatus for special sports for skiing
    • A63B69/182—Training appliances or apparatus for special sports for skiing for cross-country-skiing

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a machine effectively usable for executing physical exercises.
  • this invention can have application both in gymnastic machines aimed principally at muscular development, and in machines suitable for the execution of training of the cycling type, and therefore aimed principally at the development of resistance to prolonged exertion.
  • the present invention relates to a gymnastic machine having at least one implement usable for the repeated execution of alternating movements over an open trajectory.
  • machines for the execution of exercises which involve/recruit a single muscle area machines for the execution of exercises which recruit several muscle areas simultaneously or in succession, and for this reason are designated “functional"; and machines which enable the development of resistance to prolonged muscular exertion, by means of which it is possible to perform repetitive aerobic/cardiovascular exercises.
  • machines of the first type are equipped with load units with counterweights, in which the exercise provides for a succession of eccentric and concentric efforts, while machines of the second type are equipped with load units which can exchange energy with the user continuously while he/she carries out a cyclical movement without break in continuity.
  • Stationary bicycles, steppers and elliptical machines have load units designed to operate by absorbing the power exerted by a user, while treadmills may be either of the type actuated by a user, or motorised with an actuator which determines the delivery of power by the user.
  • Steppers also, are of the 'floating' type, in the sense that the power transmitted to the load unit during the operation of the footboards determines the average height of the user's centre of gravity with respect to the base of the machine, and therefore influences the amplitude of the movement.
  • a skating simulator may have a pair of substantially identical arms side by side, pivoting on vertical axes; each arm carries a footboard which pivots on it near one relative free extremity; each footboard has a transverse strip designed to prevent transverse slippage from the footboard itself, and therefore for restraining the relative foot.
  • Each lever acts on a flywheel by means of a mechanical transmission fitted with a belt, which is wound along its route round a free wheel, to cooperate with the flywheel, and is connected at its respective extremities to a lever and to the frame, and at this end the connection is made through the interposition of a spring.
  • Each lever is therefore braked in rotation by a belt, and the return of the levers to a central rest position is effected by the respective spring.
  • each footboard is supported bilaterally by an incurved prismatic guide.
  • This guide-footboard pair besides determining the shape of the trajectory of the said footboard, is shaped in such a way as to vary the inclination of its upper face used by the foot of a user.
  • This guide-footboard pair therefore, is arranged so as to increase the grip between foot and footboard during the execution of the thrusting movement, and thus offer the user greater safety in executing the movement of each foot outwards.
  • the load unit of the machine which embodies the specifications of the application in question also has a flywheel which can be activated by means of a freewheel coaxial with it.
  • an elastic return device is provided to bring the footboards back to the relative central position.
  • this return mechanism is provided, for each footboard, with a flexible component including a belt and a spring arranged in series and running round pulleys.
  • an inventive concept of this type appears to be improvable in several aspects, given that the presence of a guide/slide pair, if fitted with rotatable rollers, entails high production costs owing to the necessity of producing accurate guide/slide pairs, and significant wear problems, which reflect negatively on the costs of operation because of the need to carry out frequent adjustments to the pair. Furthermore, the extreme rigidity of the structure causes low flexibility of adjustment of the amplitude and angle of the footboard while carrying out the movement, given that these dimensions are directly connected with the length of the user's limbs.
  • both inventive concepts record the case in which each individual footboard is freely operable, and this allows the relative load unit to be operated by a single footboard at a time or both footboards simultaneously. This is of particular advantage to users more expert in the skating movement, or those better endowed from a muscular and balance point of view.
  • the present invention relates to a machine effectively usable for executing training exercises.
  • this invention can have application both in gymnastic machines aimed principally at muscular development, and in machines set up for the execution of training of the cycling type, and therefore aimed principally at the development of resistance to prolonged exertion.
  • the present invention relates to a gymnastic machine having at least one implement usable for the repeated execution of alternating movements over an open trajectory.
  • the object of the present invention is to construct a gymnastic machine on which it is effectively possible to carry out training which simulates the skating movement.
  • a further object of the present invention is to allow a user to have available a central support while carrying out the actuation of a footboard outwards, in such a way as to make the machine usable indifferently by users who already have practice in the skating movement, and by users who are not practised in this movement.
  • a further object of the present invention is to construct a machine for the simulation of skating which is of limited overall dimensions in relation to the extent of the movement which can be carried out on it, and with limited costs of purchase and of operation.
  • a gymnastic machine is constructed whose characteristics are described by reference to claim 1 and following.
  • no.1 indicates, in its entirety, a gymnastic machine having a frame 10 which supports a load unit 20 and an exercise station 30 arranged side by side.
  • This station 30 is capable of exchanging mechanical energy with load unit 20 and has at least one pair 31 of mechanical components articulated together, among which are an arm 35 carried rotatably by the frame 10 around an axis 36 inclined with respect to the vertical, and an implement 40 shaped so as to be interfaceable with a particular portion of an extremity of a user and coupled to said arm 35 at its extremity in freely rotatable manner.
  • the footboard has an upstand 42 in the relative central section, capable of functioning as a buffer for the other footboard 40, and capable of preventing direct impacts between the malleoli of the feet of a user, or similar problems connected with possible interference during the use of the machine 1.
  • Implement 40 is therefore rotatable on its own axis and movable over a curved and open trajectory P, visible in Figure 2 , in which it is represented by a dashed and dotted line.
  • This trajectory P which will be more fully described below, is laid out around axis 36, and inclined downwards in such a way that each implement 40 is movable starting from a higher level corresponding to a longitudinal plane L on the centreline of the machine 1 itself and a lower level located to the side.
  • machine 1 has two pairs 31 arranged side by side and located on opposite sides of plane L, fully analogously with what occurs in the known machines for simulating the skating movement. A preference is therefore made for assigning implement 40 the designation of footboard 40. Plane L is visible by reference to Figure 2 .
  • Exercise station 30 includes, for each pair 31, at least one extended component 51 limited longitudinally by spherical couplings 52, each one of which links component 51 to frame 10 and to the said footboard 40.
  • this component 51 is capable of constraining the rotation of each footboard 40 relative to the respective arm 35 in such a way as to control in rotation a foot resting on a face 41 of the said footboard 40 with respect to the corresponding arm 35.
  • component 51 can also have a length adjustable at will.
  • each footboard 40 connects together the relative component 51 and the relative arm 35, and both are connected rotatably to frame 10.
  • Footboard 40 therefore, which connects arm 35 and the respective component 51 in relatively rotatable manner is capable of functioning as a lever, and the assembly of each pair 31, the frame 10, and the respective component 51, besides forming an articulated quadrilateral 43, can be interpreted as a constraining device 50, capable of controlling the rotation of implement 40 relative to the respective arm 35.
  • each component 51 is capable of producing a composite movement of the respective footboard 40 and in particular of inclining the respective footboard 40 inwards on the outward thrust stroke of the relative arm 35, and simultaneously of rotating footboard 40 forwards, to lower its front section 44 and raise its rear section 45.
  • footboard 40 inwards reduces varus of the knee and favours the stability of the ankle in the lateral thrust, while the forward inclination of the footboard favours the stabilisation of the user's centre of gravity over the foot which remains in the central position.
  • footboard 40 were to remain parallel to itself, the user would have to displace his/her centre of gravity on the rearward thrust stroke, weakening the capacity of the leg left in a forward position to provide support. This also allows the sole of each of the user's feet to remain substantially perpendicular and at rest with respect to an upper face 41 of the relative footboard 40, and therefore constantly fitting this face 41.
  • the compound movement of footboard 40 may also be summed up by the term eversion movement', because of the affinity which this movement has with the movement of flexion and pronation which the sole of a foot can execute when the relative leg is maintained in a static condition.
  • each trajectory P is as a result more respectful, for a given length of the relative arm 35, of the biomechanics of the lower limbs of a user, and in particular of the ankle and the foot, by comparison with the case in which the footboard and its axis 36 are arranged on the same side of plane L. Furthermore, this allows a user to deliver a substantially constant power during the execution of the outward movement of the leg and the relative foot, and in particular in the zone of trajectory P which corresponds to the term 'eversion movement' of the foot, as described above.
  • arms 35 allow a user to bring each footboard 40 onto the same side of plane L as the one on which its respective axis is located, in particular conditions of operation, to suit the skating style of each user.
  • arms 35 are shaped dissimilarly to each other in such a way as to prevent collisions between arms 35 or between footboards 40 during use of the machine 1. The same goes for arms which carry stops 37 for each arm 35.
  • trajectories P traced by the footboards are necessarily symmetrical with respect to plane L, given that machine 1 is usable for the training of the lower limbs, which are normally symmetrical, arms 35 must be shaped dissimilarly to each other, in order to prevent possible interference with each other. Pairs 31 are therefore asymmetrical, and each arm 35 is supported by its own shaft 36 on the opposite side with respect to plane L from its respective footboard 40, and is operable in this segment of space starting from its respective position of rest R. It should also be noted that trajectories P of footboards 40, besides being circular and centred on shafts 36, can have at least one stretch of minimal length in common, in the area of plane L. In the case of machine 1, the particular geometrical configuration of arms 35 and the orientation of their respective axes 36 determine the fact that trajectories P of footboards 40 intersect at one point, which is geometrically positioned corresponding to plane L.
  • unit 20 includes a rotatable component 25 shaped in such a way as to be suitable for storing rotational energy, typically a flywheel 25, which is supported by the frame 10 by means of a shaft, known and not illustrated, which carries keyed to it a disc 23 of an electromagnetic brake 24 capable of dissipating adjustable amounts of power in continuous fashion.
  • Machine 1 furthermore, has between load unit 20 and exercise station 30 a mechanical transmission 21, capable of transforming an alternating rotary motion of each arm 35 into a rotation of flywheel 25.
  • This transmission 21 includes an idle wheel 27 which is keyed in cantilever onto a horizontal shaft 38 which is carried by frame 10 between two supports which are visible together only in Figure 2 .
  • This wheel 27 is capable of rotating in phase with flywheel 25 by means of a belt 29 and a pinion 32, coaxial with the said flywheel 25.
  • Transmission 21, furthermore, includes at least one belt 33 for each arm 35, and each belt 33 is wound round a plurality of pulleys 22, supported by frame 10 in freely rotatable manner to connect a corresponding arm 35 and a free wheel 34 in load unit 20.
  • Each wheel 34 which as is known is capable of transmitting torque in one direction only, while it is capable of rotating idly if activated in the opposite direction, is keyed onto shaft 38 to transmit motive power to flywheel 25 by means of belt 29 of transmission 21.
  • each footboard 40, and the corresponding arm 35 can be activated independently of the condition of motion or rest of the other footboard 40, even though, as will be seen below, it is possible to think of constraining the rotation of footboards 40 by means of that of the relative arms 35.
  • unit 20 can vary in relation to the type of training which it is intended to carry out on the said machine 1, and in particular aerobic/cardiovascular or muscular/anaerobic.
  • unit 20 can be of electromagnetic type and include brake 24 as in Figures 1 and 3 , if it is intended to carry out training of aerobic type, or unit 20 can be of mechanical type and have at least one device 70 with counterweights for muscular/anaerobic training, as illustrated in the diagram in Figure 4 .
  • both device 23 and device 70 can be considered as devices 60 for controlling the power delivered by a user to each footboard 40.
  • brake 24 and device 70 are omitted, firstly because both devices are structurally known, and secondly because the embodiment of the present invention is independent of the choice of type of load unit.
  • Figure 4 it was thought appropriate to illustrate a portal structure 71 for unit 20 supporting a group 72 of weight packs 73 for each arm 35, each group 72 being vertically actuatable under the action of footboards 40 by means of a cable 74.
  • machine 1 includes, furthermore, a reaction device 80 visible in Figures 3 and 5 , capable of exerting, on each arm 35, a return action directed inwards, and tending to bring each arm 35 back to the central position, and therefore interpretable as a safety device.
  • this action must have an intensity suitably proportionate to the amplitude of an angle of rotation outwards of each said arm 35, for which reason device 80 must have mechanical characteristics of an elastic type.
  • device 80 may have different embodiments, which have in common at least one elastic return unit acting on arms 35 through transmission 21.
  • reaction device 80 includes at least one belt 82 arranged in an inverted 'U' between arms 35 to connect them together in a substantially rigid fashion, and has relative end sections wound onto shaft 38 in the opposite direction to how each belt 33 is wound onto its respective pulley 34.
  • belt 82 is capable of being wound onto shaft 38 while belt 33 is unwound through the application of tension to belt 29, during the active stroke of footboard 40.
  • Belt 82 is kept constantly subjected to an action of traction by means of a pulley 83 which is supported elastically by frame 10 by means of a bracket 84 carried by an arm 85 which is hinged to frame 10 at the opposite end to pulley 83, and restrained elastically by elastic return unit 81 including at least one spring 86, connected to frame 10 by a relative end section.
  • elastic return force is exerted on each arm 35 by reaction device 80 by means of each spring 86.
  • spring 86 exerts through arm 85 an elastic reaction on the other footboard 40 which is a function of the length of arm 85 and of the elastic constant of elastic return unit 81.
  • device 80 in its diverse variants, makes machine 1 itself usable without risk even by users not trained in the execution of the skating movement, or by users who do not have practice in this movement.
  • frame 10 has a front section 11 usefully shaped for allowing a user to lean on during the process of climbing onto and descending from the said machine 1, or for being employed for exerting a bilateral reaction force to the thrust of the legs during training.
  • spring 86 were to be combined with a rigid body 86b of longitudinal extension substantially equivalent to that of spring 86 when undeformed, illustrated alongside spring 86 only in figure 3 , it would be possible to prevent the rotation of arm 85 with respect to frame 10, and therefore to restrict the rotation relative to each other of arms 35, making machine 1 of interest for a less expert category of users.
  • machine 1 described above has been described for an active movement for the purpose of delivering power only in the eccentric thrust stroke in which each footboard 40 is thrust outwards, and not active in the act of returning footboard 40 towards the centre, given that this happens during the execution of the skating movement.
  • the present invention may also be embodied by means of machines which provide for the absorption of energy also on the stroke which returns footboard 40 towards the centre, for example by adding load units 20 substantially identical with those already installed, but with operation reversed.
  • device 80 For example, if it were considered necessary to adapt the elastic action exerted by the version described above of device 80 to the characteristics of a user, it is possible to modify device 80 according to the diagram in Figure 5a , providing for elastic return unit 81 to include a spring 87 for each arm 35, or according to the diagram in Figure 5b , in which device 80 includes a spring 87 for each arm 35 and a spring 88 which is arranged between arms 35 to connect them elastically together.
  • spring 88 has, for convenience, been divided into two elastic sections 90 arranged on opposite sides with respect to a pulley 89 carried by frame 10, but could be executed differently without altering its operation. It is easy to understand that spring 88 in diagram 5b is the double of belt 82 of figure 3 .
  • articulated quadrilaterals stably maintain the constancy of the trajectories of their vertices when their shafts are in the condition of operating while subject only to normal stress, and only when this occurs with reference to machine 1 will less trained or practiced users be able to find the use of this machine comfortable and safe.
  • machine 1 can be substituted by a machine 101, visible in Figures 7 and 8 , in which, in order to distinguish components similar to those already described for machine 1, reference numbers will be used for brevity which differ by 100 from those already used, unless specified otherwise.
  • machine 101 includes a pair of arms 135 with elbows, each of which is pivoted on a shaft 136 and has, for each relative straight-line stretch, a constraining device 50 having an articulated mechanism analogous to articulated quadrilateral 43.
  • each arm 135 has corresponding to it an elbow 137 and two quadrilaterals 153 and 154, capable of cooperating with each other to control the angular position of the respective footboard 140 with respect to the corresponding arm 135 by means of a common lever 157.
  • This lever 157 which is a connecting rod for quadrilateral 154 and is a crank for quadrilateral 153, is carried freely rotatably by the relative arm 135 in proximity to the corresponding elbow 137.
  • quadrilateral 153 shares with machine 1 the respective frame 110, while the frame of the second quadrilateral 154 is constituted by the respective arm 135.
  • quadrilateral 153 includes an elongated component 155, capable of functioning as a connecting rod
  • quadrilateral 154 includes, in its turn, an elongated component 156 which functions as an equaliser.
  • Components 155 and 156 are delimited by respective spherical joints 152 and, analogously with component 51, can have adjustable lengths to allow adjustments to the movement of the respective footboard 140 and of the respective upper face 141.
  • each component 155/156 is capable of producing a composite movement of the respective footboard 140 and in particular of inclining the respective footboard 140 inwards during the outwards thrust stroke of the relative arm 135, and simultaneously of rotating footboard 40 forwards, to lower its front section 144 and simultaneously raise its rear section 145.
  • Machine 101 includes, furthermore, a reaction device 180, capable of exerting, on each arm 135, a return action directed inwards, and tending to bring each arm 135 back to the central position; for this reason the reaction device 180 is interpretable as a safety device, similarly at the device 80.
  • machine 101 has a mechanical transmission 121, which is placed between load unit 120 and exercise station 130, and is capable of transforming an alternating rotary movement of each arm 135 into a rotation of a flywheel 125.
  • This transmission 121 includes, by analogy with machine 1, at least one belt 133 for each arm 135, and each belt 133 is wound onto a free wheel 134 carried by a shaft 138 through the interposition of a single pulley 122 supported by the frame 110 below shaft 138. Each wheel 134 is keyed onto shaft 138 alongside flywheel 125 to transmit motive torque to the said flywheel 125, which is mechanically connected to a brake 124 through the interposition of a coupling 139 with parallel axes. It may be observed that machine 1 and machine 101 differ also by the fact that transmission 21 and transmission 121 have respectively one stage and two stages of parallel-axis couplings. In the case of machine 101, this allows the use of a brake 124 which can rotate much more quickly than brake 24, and can therefore be much more accurately controllable.
  • reaction device 180 has an elastic return component 186 for each arm 135, tending in use to bring the relative arm 135 back to its respective rest position R.
  • Each component 186 is actuated preferably, but not limitingly, by a large-diameter torsion spring, and the two springs 186 are carried coaxially to each other by frame 110 below pulleys 122 between shaft 138 and brake 124 between shaft 138 and brake 124.
  • the solution of large-diameter torsion springs 186 contributes to reducing considerably the longitudinal dimensions of machine 101, with the advantage of greater rigidity and less bulk for the said machine.
  • Device 180 is therefore as a result more compact than device 80 of machine 1.
  • device 180 includes a further elongated component 195 which, as appears from figure 8 , is arranged between arms 135 to connect them to each other and, as will appear from the description which follows, has a length variable as a function of the force exerted on footboards 140, in such a way as to bring about a constraining action in proportion to the angular distance between the two arms 135.
  • component 195 is constructed substantially as a damper and, according to Figure 8 , is connected to each arm 135 by relative articulated end sections 152.
  • component 195 includes a casing 198 which houses a rod 199 in axially free manner and casing 198 and rod 199 are connected to each other by a pair of first springs 196 and 197 of different and fixed elastic constant.
  • Spring 196 has the lower elastic constant, and springs 196 and 197 are arranged in series with each other and are capable of functioning as a single elastic body with a fixed value for shortening of the damper up to the point when rod 199 is in its end-of-stroke position inside casing 198, and springs 197 and 196 are coilbound.
  • component 195 is designed to react principally through spring 196 of lower elastic constant for small angles of relative rotation between the two arms 135, while component 195 is designed to react only through spring 197 for large angles of relative rotation between the two arms 135.
  • the angular distance between arms 135 is at its maximum, component 195 is equivalent to a rod of fixed length, the two arms 135 are rigidly related to each other, and can therefore rotate through equal angles in equal times.
  • the operation of one footboard 140 causes the operation of the other in dual manner.
  • component 195 is capable of imposing compliance on footboards 140 with a minimum distance between them when the relative arms 135 are in their respective rest positions or, in use, are placed in proximity to plane L, and of preventing the amplitude of the angle between arms 135 from exceeding a fixed value which may be established by means of known and not illustrated devices for calibrating springs 196 and 197 and the minimum length specified for component 195, in such a way as to ensure that a user is maintained in conditions of equilibrium.
  • component 195 is capable of limiting the amplitude of the angle between arms 135 to ensure that a user is maintained in conditions of equilibrium on the footboards 140.
  • machine 101 also represents an embodiment of the inventive concept described above, and is such as to represent a valid solution to the technical problems illustrated above, being as a result particularly uncumbersome and safe even for users little trained or expert in skating.

Claims (27)

  1. Gymnastikgerät (1; 101) mit einem Rahmen (10; 110), der eine Lasteinheit (20; 120) und eine Übungsstation (30; 130) trägt, die mechanische Energie mit der Lasteinheit (20; 120) austauschen kann und wenigstens ein Paar (31) gelenkig miteinander verbundene mechanische Komponenten aufweist, darunter ein am Rahmen (10; 110) um eine feste Achse (36; 136) drehbar gelagerter Arm (35; 135) und ein drehbar mit dem Arm (35; 135) verbundenes Arbeitsgerät (40; 140), wobei das Arbeitsgerät (40; 140) so ausgebildet ist, dass es eine Grenzfläche zu einem speziellen Teil einer Extremität eines Benutzers bildet und über eine offene Trajektorie P bewegbar ist; wobei die Übungsstation (30; 130) Zwangsmittel (50; 150) enthält, die an dem Rahmen (10; 110) gelagert und jedem der Paare (31) zugeordnet sind, um die Drehung des Arbeitsgerätes (40; 140) relativ zu dem Arm (35; 135) zu steuern,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet,
    dass die Zwangsmittel (50; 150) wenigstens eine längliche Komponente (51; 155, 156) enthalten, die mit dem Rahmen (10; 110) und mit dem Arbeitsgerät (40; 140) durch entsprechende Gelenke (52; 152) so verbunden sind, dass das Arbeitsgerät (40; 140) im Gebrauch entlang der Trajektorie (P) gemäß einer zusammengesetzten Bewegung bewegbar ist, wenn der Arm (35; 135) nach außen bewegt wird, wobei die zusammengesetzte Bewegung eine Kombination einer Neigungsbewegung des Arbeitsgerätes (40; 140) einwärts ist, um den Varus des Knies zu vermindern und die Stabilität des Knöchels zu begünstigen, und einer Vorwärtsdrehung des Trittbretts (40; 140) bei Absenkung eines entsprechenden Vorderteil (44) und gleichzeitigem Anheben eines entsprechenden Hinterteils (45; 145) ist, um den Schwerpunkt eines Benutzers zu stabilisieren.
  2. Gerät nach Anspruch 1,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet,
    dass es wenigstens zwei Paare (31) enthält, und
    dass die Trajektorien (P) der Arbeitsgeräte (40) weitgehend symmetrisch und miteinander gleichlaufend sind; wobei die Gelenke (52) schräg zueinander sind; wobei die zusammengesetzte Bewegung des Arbeitsgerätes (40) ähnlich einer Eversionsbewegung eines menschlichen Fußes ist.
  3. Gerät nach Anspruch 2,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet,
    dass die Zwangsmittel (50; 150) für jeden Arm (35; 150) wenigstens ein erstes gelenkiges Trapezoid (quadrilateral) (43; 153, 154) mit allen länglichen Komponenten (51; 155, 156) enthält, um die Wickelposition des entsprechenden Arbeitsgerätes (40; 140) in Bezug auf den Arm selbst (35; 135) zu steuern, wobei das erste Trapezoid (43; 153) auf dem Rahmen (10, 110) gelagert ist.
  4. Gerät nach Anspruch 3,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet,
    dass jedes gelenkige Trapezoid (43; 153, 154) für jeden Arm (35; 135) wenigstens eine längliche Komponente (51; 155, 156) einschließt, die mit dem Rahmen (10; 110) und/oder dem Arbeitsgerät (40; 140) gekoppelt ist, wobei jede längliche Komponente (50; 155, 156) longitudinal durch entsprechende Gelenke (52; 152) begrenzt ist; und dass jede zusammengesetzte Bewegung in der Lage ist, eine Eversion eines menschlichen Fußes zu simulieren.
  5. Gerät nach Anspruch 4,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet,
    dass die Trajektorie (P) nach unten geneigt ist.
  6. Gerät nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet,
    dass jedes Arbeitsgerät (40; 140) ein Trittbrett (40; 140) einschließt, das an seiner oberen Seite durch eine so profilierte Oberfläche (41; 141) begrenzt ist, dass sie die Sohle des Fußes eines Benutzers aufnehmen kann; wobei das Trittbrett (40; 140) bei Gebrauch als Hebel für das entsprechende erste Trapezoid (43; 153) gemäß einer Arbeitsmodalität arbeiten kann, bei der die Sohle eines Benutzerfußes und die Oberfläche (41; 141) im Ruhezustand konstant in gegenseitigem Kontakt sind, um die volle Bewegung des Auswärtsschubes auszunutzen, die der Benutzer auf jeden der Arme (35; 135) ausübt.
  7. Gerät nach Anspruch 5, oder 6,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet,
    dass für jeden Arm (135) die Zwangsmittel (150) ein zweites gelenkiges Trapezoid (154) umfassen, wobei das erste und zweite Trapezoid (153, 154) sich einen ihrer entsprechenden Hebel (157) teilen, um die Winkelposition des jeweiligen Trittbretts (140) in Bezug auf den entsprechenden Arm (135) mittels einer ersten und zweiten länglichen Komponente (155, 156) bei nur normaler Beanspruchung zu steuern.
  8. Gerät nach Anspruch 7,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet,
    dass das zweite Trapezoid (154) von dem entsprechenden Arm (135) getragen wird.
  9. Gerät nach Anspruch 8,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet,
    dass eine Verbindungsstange (157) des ersten Trapezoids (153) als Bewegungskomponente für das zweite Trapezoid (154) wirken kann.
  10. Gerät nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet,
    dass jeder Arm (35; 135) drehbar an dem Rahmen (10; 110) so gelagert ist, dass er eine longitudinale Mittelebene (L), beginnend an einer Ruheposition (R), in der das entsprechende Trittbrett (40; 140) sich auf der gegenüberliegenden Seite der entsprechenden Achse (36; 136) in Bezug auf die Ebene (L) befindet, kreuzen kann, um die Station (30; 130) kompakter zu machen.
  11. Gerät nach einem der Ansprüche 4-10,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet,
    dass jede längliche Komponente (51; 155, 156) eine einstellbare Längsausdehnung hat, um Einstellungen der Bewegung des entsprechenden Trittbretts (40; 140) in Bezug auf den zugehörigen Arm (35; 135) zu erlauben.
  12. Gerät nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet,
    dass Reaktionsmittel (80; 180) vorgesehen sind, um auf die beiden Arme (35; 135) eine Rückholaktion zu einer entsprechenden Ruheposition (R) in der Nähe der Längsachse (L) auszuüben.
  13. Gerät nach Anspruch 12,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet,
    dass die Reaktionsmittel (80; 180) für jeden Arm wenigstens eine erste Rückholkomponente (81; 86) oder eine zweite Rückholkomponente (136) oder eine dritte Rückholkomponente (87) einschließen, die zwischen dem Rahmen (10; 110) und dem Arm (35; 135) angeordnet sind und dazu neigen, jeden der Arme (35; 135) in die entsprechende Ruheposition (R) zu bringen.
  14. Gerät nach Anspruch 12 oder 13,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet,
    dass die Reaktionsmittel (180) eine längliche Komponente (195) enthalten, die zwischen den Armen (135) angeordnet und so geformt ist, dass sie eine Zwangswirkung zwischen ihnen als Funktion ihres gegenseitigen Winkelabstands zustande bringen und zwar so, dass sie den Trittbrettern (140) eine Nachgiebigkeit bei einem minimalen Abstand zwischen ihnen verleihen, wenn die jeweiligen Arme in ihrer Ruheposition oder im Gebrauch in der Nähe der longitudinalen Ebene (L) sind, so dass die Amplitude des Winkels zwischen den Armen (135) auf einen festen Wert begrenzt ist und sichergestellt wird, dass der Benutzer im Gleichgewicht bleibt.
  15. Gerät nach Anspruch 14,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet,
    dass die längliche Komponente (195) mit jedem Arm (135) mittels der gelenkigen Endabschnitte (152) verbunden ist und zwei erste Federn (196, 197) enthält, die in Reihe angeordnet sind und verschiedene feste Elastizitätskonstanten haben.
  16. Gerät nach einem der Ansprüche 12-15,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet,
    dass die zweite Rückholkomponente (186) eine Torsionsfeder (186) einschließt.
  17. Gerät nach Anspruch 13,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet,
    dass das Reaktionsmittel (80) wenigstens eine flexible Zwangskomponente (82) zwischen den Armen (35) einschließt, die konstant in elastischer Weise unter Spannung in Bezug auf den Rahmen (10) mittels der ersten Rückholkomponenten (81, 86) gehalten wird, und um die auf die Arme (35) ausgeübte Rückholaktion in Richtung auf die Ruheposition (R) auf der Basis von auf die Trittbretter (40) ausgeübten Auswärtsschüben anzupassen.
  18. Gerät nach Anspruch 17,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet,
    dass die flexible Zwangskomponente (82) um eine Rolle (83) gewickelt ist, die auf einem Spannarm (85) gelagert ist, der mit dem Rahmen (10) mittels der ersten Rückholkomponente (81, 86) verbunden ist.
  19. Gerät nach Anspruch 13,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet,
    dass die Reaktionsmittel (80) wenigstens eine dritte Rückholkomponente (87) für jeden der Arme (35) enthalten.
  20. Gerät nach Anspruch 19,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet,
    dass die Reaktionsmittel (80) ferner eine vierte Rückholkomponente (88) enthalten, die zwischen den beiden Armen (35) angeordnet ist, um sie in direkter Weise elastisch miteinander zu verbinden.
  21. Gerät nach einem der Ansprüche 5 - 20,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet,
    dass die Trajektorien (P) der Arbeitsgeräte (40; 140) weitgehend symmetrisch sind und wenigstens eine gemeinsame Ausdehnung haben; wobei die Arme (35; 135) so ungleich ausgebildet sind, dass beim Gebrauch Kollisionen zwischen den Arbeitsgeräten (40; 140) verhindert werden.
  22. Gerät nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet,
    dass die Lasteinheit (20; 120) und die Übungsstation (30; 130) miteinander mechanisch über eine Riemenübertragung (21; 121) verbunden sind, die eine alternierende Drehbewegung der Arme (35; 135) in eine Drehbewegung wenigstens einer drehbaren Komponente (25, 22; 125, 122) umwandeln kann, wobei die mechanische Übertragung (21; 121) wenigstens einen Riemen (33; 133) für jeden Arm (35; 135) enthält, wobei jeder Riemen (33; 133) wenigstens um eine Rolle (22; 122) gewickelt ist, die frei drehbar auf dem Rahmen (10; 110) zwischen dem entsprechenden Arm (35) und der Lasteinheit (20; 120) gelagert ist.
  23. Gerät nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet,
    dass die Lasteinheit (20) Mittel (60) zur Steuerung der an jedes Arbeitsgerät (40) gelieferten Energie enthält.
  24. Gerät nach Anspruch 23,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet,
    dass die drehbare Komponente (25; 125) so ausgebildet ist, dass sie zur Speicherung von Rotationsenergie geeignet ist, und dass sie mechanisch mit einer Komponente (24; 124) verbunden ist, die einstellbare Leistungswerte vernichten kann.
  25. Gerät nach Anspruch 24,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet,
    dass die drehbare Komponente (25; 125) ein Schwungrad (25; 125) einschließt.
  26. Gerät nach Anspruch 25,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet,
    dass die Mittel (60) zur Steuerung der an die Arbeitsgeräte (40) gelieferten Leistung eine elektromagnetische Bremse (24) einschließen.
  27. Gerät nach Anspruch 26,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet,
    dass die Lasteinheit (20) wenigstens eine Lastgruppe (70) mit Gegengewichten aufweist.
EP05008345A 2004-05-21 2005-04-18 Übungsgerät Not-in-force EP1598095B1 (de)

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
TW200538184A (en) 2005-12-01
EP1598095A2 (de) 2005-11-23
DE602005026884D1 (de) 2011-04-28
ATE501767T1 (de) 2011-04-15
EP1598095A3 (de) 2006-01-18
US20050272562A1 (en) 2005-12-08
CN100336573C (zh) 2007-09-12
CN1698917A (zh) 2005-11-23
TWI275409B (en) 2007-03-11

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