EP1593837B1 - Fuel injection valve - Google Patents

Fuel injection valve Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1593837B1
EP1593837B1 EP05101635A EP05101635A EP1593837B1 EP 1593837 B1 EP1593837 B1 EP 1593837B1 EP 05101635 A EP05101635 A EP 05101635A EP 05101635 A EP05101635 A EP 05101635A EP 1593837 B1 EP1593837 B1 EP 1593837B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
actuator
fuel injection
hydraulic coupler
valve
housing
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Fee Related
Application number
EP05101635A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1593837A1 (en
Inventor
Uwe Liskow
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Robert Bosch GmbH
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Robert Bosch GmbH
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Filing date
Publication date
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Publication of EP1593837A1 publication Critical patent/EP1593837A1/en
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Publication of EP1593837B1 publication Critical patent/EP1593837B1/en
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M51/00—Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by being operated electrically
    • F02M51/005—Arrangement of electrical wires and connections, e.g. wire harness, sockets, plugs; Arrangement of electronic control circuits in or on fuel injection apparatus
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M51/00—Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by being operated electrically
    • F02M51/06—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle
    • F02M51/0603—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using piezoelectric or magnetostrictive operating means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
    • F02M61/16—Details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M61/02 - F02M61/14
    • F02M61/167—Means for compensating clearance or thermal expansion

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a fuel injection valve according to the preamble of the main claim.
  • a fuel injector in the German patent application 103 60 449 has been proposed with a valve housing in which a piezoelectric actuator and a hydraulic coupler are arranged, wherein the piezoelectric actuator having a positive pole and a ground terminal and wherein the valve housing, an electrical connector is provided with a positive terminal and a ground terminal for contacting with a voltage source.
  • the positive terminal of the piezoelectric actuator is connected to the positive terminal of the plug and the Massepol of the piezoelectric actuator to the ground terminal of the plug via a respective cable.
  • the cables Since the hydraulic coupler is disposed between the valve housing and the actuator in a portion of the fuel injector facing the plug, the cables must be routed from the plug around the coupler to the actuator. Since the hydraulic coupler performs thermally induced compensatory movements, the cables can not be tight, but must be relieved of strain by providing an additional length. The cables must not touch any neighboring parts as otherwise they could be worn through the many compensating movements over time. The disadvantage is that the cables are mechanically heavily loaded by the compensatory movements, so that after a predetermined life of the fuel injection valve cable break occurs due to fatigue or tear the soldering or welding of the cable. This leads to failure of the fuel injection valve
  • the DE 195 19 191 A1 discloses an injection valve with a valve housing in which an actuator and a hydraulic coupler are provided, wherein the electrical connections of the actuator protrude from the valve housing and thus are wirelessly contacted.
  • the fuel injection valve according to the invention with the characterizing features of the main claim has the advantage that in a simple manner an improvement is achieved in that the service life of the fuel injector is increased by the Massepol the actuator with the ground terminal of the plug and the positive pole of the actuator the positive terminal are electrically connected wirelessly. In this way, the cable rupture failure of the fuel injection valve is prevented. By eliminating the two cables space is saved, so that the fuel injection valve can be made smaller.
  • the ground terminal of the actuator is electrically connected to the ground terminal of the plug via the valve housing and / or an actuator housing, since in this way an electrically conductive connection already existing in the fuel injection valve is used.
  • the electromagnetic interference emission of the actuator is reduced by the ground contact of the actuator.
  • the positive pole of the actuator is electrically connected to the positive terminal via the hydraulic coupler, since in this way the power supply to the actuator takes place via an existing electrically conductive connection.
  • the actuator is biased in an actuator sleeve between an actuator head and an actuator base to pressure and the ground of the actuator is electrically contacted with the actuator head, wherein the actuator head is electrically connected via the actuator sleeve with the actuator base.
  • the actuator base is electrically connected via a valve needle, a shoulder of the valve needle and a return spring cooperating with the valve needle with the valve housing and / or the actuator housing.
  • the positive terminal of the plug is electrically connected to a head part of the hydraulic coupler and the positive pole of the actuator to a foot part of the hydraulic coupler, wherein the head part and the foot part of the hydraulic coupler are in turn electrically conductively connected to each other via an elastic sealing element , In this way, the power supply via the hydraulic coupler is made possible.
  • the drawing shows schematically a fuel injection valve according to the invention.
  • the fuel injection valve is used for example in the so-called direct injection and serves to inject fuel, such as gasoline or diesel, in a combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine.
  • the fuel injection valve has a valve housing 1 with an input channel 2 for the fuel.
  • the valve housing has, for example, a cup-shaped housing part 1.1 and a cup-shaped housing part 1.1 closing housing cover 1.2.
  • the input channel 2 is provided for example in the housing cover 1.2.
  • valve housing 1 In the valve housing 1 is a schematically illustrated actuator 3, for example, a piezoelectric or magnetostrictive actuator, arranged for the axial adjustment of a valve needle 4.
  • actuator 3 for example, a piezoelectric or magnetostrictive actuator, arranged for the axial adjustment of a valve needle 4.
  • the valve needle 4 is provided axially movable in the valve housing 1 and has, for example, a needle shaft 7 facing the actuator 3 and a valve closing body 8 facing away from the actuator 3.
  • the actuator 3 transmits its movement to the needle shaft 7 of the valve needle 4, whereby the valve closing body 8 cooperating with a valve seat 9 opens or closes the fuel injection valve.
  • the fuel injection valve is for example a so-called outward-opening valve, the valve needle 4 executing a stroke in the direction of a combustion chamber 10.
  • the valve closing body 8 lies tight against the valve seat 9 with line or surface contact over its entire circumference and forms a sealing seat 11.
  • the piezoelectric actuator 3 consists of a plurality of piezoceramic layers, which perform an expansion in the axial direction by applying an electrical voltage. In this case, the so-called inverse piezoelectric effect is utilized in which electrical energy is converted into mechanical energy.
  • the elongation of the piezoceramic layers generated by the application of the electrical voltage is transmitted to the valve needle 4, wherein the valve needle 4, for example, executes a stroke of 40 to 50 microns.
  • the actuator 3 is shortened by switching off the electrical voltage and the valve needle 4 is moved back by means of a return spring 14 in the direction of the valve seat 9 and closes the fuel injection valve.
  • the piezoelectric actuator 3 is arranged to protect against tensile and bending stresses, for example in an actuator sleeve 12 between an actuator head 16 and an actuator base 17, wherein the actuator sleeve 12, for example, designed as a so-called Bourdon tube and made of a metal, such as steel.
  • the actuator head 16 is arranged on an end face, the valve needle 4 remote from the end of the actuator sleeve 12 and connected to the actuator sleeve 12 cohesively and / or non-positively, for example by welding.
  • the actuator foot 17 is arranged on an end-side, the valve needle 4 facing the end of the actuator sleeve 12 and also cohesively and / or non-positively connected to the actuator sleeve 12, for example by welding.
  • the actuator 3 is biased between the actuator head 16 and the actuator base 17 by means of the actuator sleeve 12 to pressure.
  • the needle shaft 7 of the valve needle 4 has a shoulder 18 against which the return spring 14 abuts with one end in order to press the needle shaft 7 of the valve needle 4 to the actuator base 17 of the actuator sleeve 12 and the valve closing body 8 in the direction of the valve seat 9.
  • a hydraulic coupler 15 is provided which compensates for the differences in the different linear expansion, to ensure that the fuel injection valve performs the same stroke with the valve needle 4, regardless of the respective temperature of the fuel injection valve. There must be no lifting losses, in which the stroke of the actuator 3 is not completely transmitted to the valve needle 4, so that the stroke of the valve needle 4 is smaller than the stroke of the actuator.
  • the hydraulic coupler 15 is arranged, for example, between the housing cover 1.2 and the actuator head 16 of the actuator sleeve 12.
  • the hydraulic coupler 15 has, for example, a pot-shaped cylinder 21 and an axially movable in the pot-shaped cylinder 21 piston 22. Between the pot-shaped cylinder 21 and the piston 22, a so-called coupler gap 23 is provided.
  • an elastic sealing element 24 which is formed for example as a corrugated bellows and is made of metal, extends as far as the piston 22.
  • the elastic sealing element 24 includes a coupler volume 25 which is flow-connected via a throttle element 28 to the coupler gap 23 is.
  • the coupler volume 25 and the coupler gap 23 are filled with a liquid, for example fuel or a second medium, such as silicone oil.
  • the pressure in the liquid of the coupler volume 25 is increased, for example by means of a spring element 26 by the spring element 26 exerts a compressive force from the outside on the elastic sealing element 24 or is provided within the elastic sealing element 24, for example in the piston 22, and a pressure force on the liquid of the coupler volume 25.
  • the piston 22 has a cavity, which via the throttle element 28 is connected to the coupler gap 23 and via a flow opening with the circumference of the piston 22.
  • the coupler gap 23 decreases or increases because the liquid has enough time to flow out of the coupler gap 23 via the restrictor 28 or into the coupler gap 23 ,
  • the cylinder 21 of the hydraulic coupler 15 is, for example, the actuator 3 and the piston 22 of the hydraulic coupler 15 facing the housing cover 1.1 or vice versa.
  • the housing lid 1.1 facing part of the hydraulic coupler 15 forms a head portion 29 and the actuator 3 facing part of a foot portion 30 of the hydraulic coupler 15th
  • the hydraulic coupler 15, the actuator 3 with the actuator sleeve 12 and the valve needle 4 are, for example, arranged concentrically to a valve axis 27.
  • the actuator sleeve 12 and the hydraulic coupler 15 are, for example, centered and fixed to one another, for example by means of an encapsulation 36, which extends from the actuator head 16 to the foot part 30 of the hydraulic coupler 15.
  • an actuator housing 31 is provided in the valve housing 1, which hermetically encloses the actuator 3 and the hydraulic coupler 15 and seals against the fuel.
  • the actuator housing 31 is designed, for example, cylindrical and divides the interior of the valve housing 1 into a fuel-laden and with the input channel. 2 flow-connected pressure chamber 32 and the actuator 3 and the hydraulic coupler 21 having actuator chamber 33.
  • the actuator housing 31 is, for example, arranged concentrically in the valve housing 1 and supported at the front ends of the valve housing 1.
  • the actuator housing 31 is connected on the housing cover 1.2 facing end side cohesively and / or non-positively with the housing cover 1.2, for example, welded.
  • the needle shaft 7 of the valve needle 4 extends in the actuator chamber 33 starting from the actuator base 17 in the direction away from the actuator 3 and passes through the actuator housing 31 through an opening 34 into the pressure chamber 32, wherein the opening 34 is sealed by an elastic seal 35, so that no Fuel from the pressure chamber 32 into the actuator chamber 33 passes.
  • the seal 35 is formed, for example, as an elastic bellows, which is made for example of metal, and extends from the needle shaft 7, starting annularly to the actuator housing 31st
  • the return spring 14 rests with its one end against the shoulder 18 of the valve needle 4 and with the other end against the actuator housing 31.
  • the actuator 3 has a positive pole 38 and a grounding pole 39 which is the negative electrical pole.
  • an example two-pole electrical connector 40 with a positive terminal 41 and a ground terminal 42 for contacting with an external voltage source 43 is provided on the valve housing 1, for example on the housing cover 1.2.
  • a high-power switch 44 either a high voltage of the voltage source 43 or no voltage is applied to the plug 40.
  • the high-power switch 44 is connected to a positive pole of the voltage source 43.
  • the voltage source 43 is, for example, a transformer which, for example, increases a 12V on-board voltage of a vehicle to a high voltage.
  • ground pole 39 of the actuator 3 to the ground terminal 42 of the plug 40 and the positive pole 38 of the actuator 3 to the positive terminal 41 of the plug 40 are each electrically connected wirelessly.
  • the wireless connection avoids cable breaks that would cause the fuel injector to fail.
  • the ground terminal 39 of the actuator 3 via the actuator housing 31 and / or the valve housing 1 to the ground terminal 42 of the plug 40 is electrically connected. In this way, the electromagnetic interference emission of the actuator 3 is reduced.
  • the positive terminal 38 of the actuator 3 is electrically contacted, for example via the hydraulic coupler 15 to the positive terminal 41. According to this circuit, the current from the plug 40 is passed via the hydraulic coupler 15 to the actuator 3.
  • the grounding pole 39 of the actuator 3 is electrically contacted with the actuator head 16, the actuator head 16 being connected to the actuator foot 17 via the actuator sleeve 12.
  • the actuator base 17 in turn is electrically connected to the actuator housing 31 via the needle shaft 7 of the valve needle 4, the shoulder 18 of the valve needle 4 and the restoring spring 14 resting against the shoulder 18.
  • the positive connection 41 of the plug 30 is electrically connected, for example, to the head part 29 of the hydraulic coupler 15 and the positive pole 38 of the actuator 3 to a foot part 30 of the hydraulic coupler 15.
  • the head part 29 and the foot part 30 of the hydraulic coupler 15 are electrically conductively connected to each other via the elastic sealing element 24.
  • a first electrical insulation 46 and between the hydraulic coupler 15 and the valve housing 1 a second electrical insulation 47 is provided to a short circuit between the positive terminal 38 and the grounding pole 39 of the actuator 3 and between the positive terminal 41 and the ground terminal 42 of the plug 40 to prevent.
  • the insulation 46,47 are, for example, disc-shaped and made of ceramic or other electrically insulating material.
  • the positive pole 38 of the actuator 3 extends, for example, through a passage opening 50 in the actuator head 16 and extends through the first electrical insulation 46 through a first opening 48 in order to achieve contact with the foot part 30 of the hydraulic coupler 15.
  • the positive terminal 41 of the plug 40 extends through a connection channel 51 in the housing cover 1.2 and extends through the second electrical insulation 47, for example, through a second opening 49 in order to achieve a contact with the head part 29 of the hydraulic coupler 15.
  • the second insulation 47 can also be designed as a piezoceramic to evaluate the force curve of the actuator 3 and to use for controlling the injection.
  • the fuel is passed in the valve housing 1, starting from the inlet channel 2 in the pressure chamber 32 to the valve closing body 8 upstream of the sealing seat 11.
  • the valve closing body 8 lifts off from the sealing seat 11, whereby a connection to the combustion chamber 10 of the internal combustion engine is opened so that fuel flows out into the combustion chamber 10 via an annular outlet gap 52 formed between the valve closing body 8 and the valve seat 9.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)

Description

Stand der TechnikState of the art

Die Erfindung geht aus von einem Brennstoffeinspritzventil nach der Gattung des Hauptanspruchs.
Es ist schon ein Brennstoffeinspritzventil in der deutschen Patentanmeldung 103 60 449 vorgeschlagen worden mit einem Ventilgehäuse, in dem ein piezoelektrischer Aktor und ein hydraulischer Koppler angeordnet sind, wobei der piezoelektrische Aktor einen Pluspol und einen Massepol aufweist und wobei am Ventilgehäuse ein elektrischer Stecker mit einem Plusanschluss und einem Masseanschluss zur Kontaktierung mit einer Spannungsquelle vorgesehen ist. Der Pluspol des piezoelektrischen Aktors ist mit dem Plusanschluss des Steckers und der Massepol des piezoelektrischen Aktors mit dem Masseanschluss des Steckers über jeweils ein Kabel verbunden. Da der hydraulische Koppler zwischen dem Ventilgehäuse und dem Aktor in einem dem Stecker zugewandten Abschnitt des Brennstoffeinspritzventils angeordnet ist, müssen die Kabel vom Stecker ausgehend um den Koppler herum zum Aktor geführt werden. Da der hydraulische Koppler thermisch bedingte Ausgleichsbewegungen ausführt, können die Kabel nicht straff gespannt sein, sondern müssen durch Vorsehen einer zusätzlichen Länge zugentlastet sein. Dabei dürfen die Kabel keine benachbarten Teile berühren, da sie ansonsten durch die vielen Ausgleichbewegungen mit der Zeit durchgescheuert werden könnten. Nachteilig ist, dass die Kabel durch die Ausgleichsbewegungen mechanisch stark belastet sind, so dass nach einer vorbestimmten Lebensdauer des Brennstoffeinspritzventils ein Kabelbruch durch Materialermüdung auftritt oder die Löt- oder Schweißstellen der Kabel reißen. Dies führt zu einem Ausfall des BrennstoffeinspritzventilsThe invention relates to a fuel injection valve according to the preamble of the main claim.
There is already a fuel injector in the German patent application 103 60 449 has been proposed with a valve housing in which a piezoelectric actuator and a hydraulic coupler are arranged, wherein the piezoelectric actuator having a positive pole and a ground terminal and wherein the valve housing, an electrical connector is provided with a positive terminal and a ground terminal for contacting with a voltage source. The positive terminal of the piezoelectric actuator is connected to the positive terminal of the plug and the Massepol of the piezoelectric actuator to the ground terminal of the plug via a respective cable. Since the hydraulic coupler is disposed between the valve housing and the actuator in a portion of the fuel injector facing the plug, the cables must be routed from the plug around the coupler to the actuator. Since the hydraulic coupler performs thermally induced compensatory movements, the cables can not be tight, but must be relieved of strain by providing an additional length. The cables must not touch any neighboring parts as otherwise they could be worn through the many compensating movements over time. The disadvantage is that the cables are mechanically heavily loaded by the compensatory movements, so that after a predetermined life of the fuel injection valve cable break occurs due to fatigue or tear the soldering or welding of the cable. This leads to failure of the fuel injection valve

Die DE 195 19 191 A1 offenbart ein Einspritzventil mit einem Ventilgehäuse, in dem ein Aktor und ein hydraulischer Koppler vorgesehen sind, wobei die elektrischen Anschlüsse des Aktors aus dem Ventilgehäuse herausragen und somit kabellos kontaktierbar sind.The DE 195 19 191 A1 discloses an injection valve with a valve housing in which an actuator and a hydraulic coupler are provided, wherein the electrical connections of the actuator protrude from the valve housing and thus are wirelessly contacted.

Vorteile der ErfindungAdvantages of the invention

Das erfindungsgemäße Brennstoffeinspritzventil mit den kennzeichnenden Merkmalen des Hauptanspruchs hat demgegenüber den Vorteil, dass auf einfache Art und Weise eine Verbesserung dahingehend erzielt wird, dass die Lebensdauer des Brennstoffeinspritzventils erhöht wird, indem der Massepol des Aktors mit dem Masseanschluss des Steckers und der Pluspol des Aktors mit dem Plusanschluss kabellos elektrisch verbunden sind. Auf diese Weise wird das kabelbruchbedingte Ausfallen des Brennstoffeinspritzventils verhindert. Durch das Entfallen der zwei Kabel wird Bauraum eingespart, so dass das Brennstoffeinspritzventil kleiner ausgeführt werden kann.The fuel injection valve according to the invention with the characterizing features of the main claim has the advantage that in a simple manner an improvement is achieved in that the service life of the fuel injector is increased by the Massepol the actuator with the ground terminal of the plug and the positive pole of the actuator the positive terminal are electrically connected wirelessly. In this way, the cable rupture failure of the fuel injection valve is prevented. By eliminating the two cables space is saved, so that the fuel injection valve can be made smaller.

Durch die in den Unteransprüchen aufgeführten Maßnahmen sind vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen und Verbesserungen des im Hauptanspruch angegebenen Brennstoffeinspritzventils möglich.The measures listed in the dependent claims advantageous refinements and improvements of the main claim fuel injector are possible.

Besonders vorteilhaft ist, wenn der Massepol des Aktors über das Ventilgehäuse und/oder ein Aktorgehäuse mit dem Masseanschluss des Steckers elektrisch verbunden ist, da auf diese Weise eine im Brennstoffeinspritzventil bereits bestehende elektrisch leitende Verbindung genutzt wird. Außerdem wird durch die Massekontaktierung des Aktors die elektromagnetische Störabstrahlung des Aktors verringert.It is particularly advantageous if the ground terminal of the actuator is electrically connected to the ground terminal of the plug via the valve housing and / or an actuator housing, since in this way an electrically conductive connection already existing in the fuel injection valve is used. In addition, the electromagnetic interference emission of the actuator is reduced by the ground contact of the actuator.

Weiterhin vorteilhaft ist, wenn der Pluspol des Aktors über den hydraulischen Koppler mit dem Plusanschluss elektrisch verbunden ist, da auf diese Weise die Stromzuführung zum Aktor über eine bestehende elektrisch leitende Verbindung erfolgt.It is also advantageous if the positive pole of the actuator is electrically connected to the positive terminal via the hydraulic coupler, since in this way the power supply to the actuator takes place via an existing electrically conductive connection.

Nach einer vorteilhaften Ausgestaltung ist vorgesehen, dass der Aktor in einer Aktorhülse zwischen einem Aktorkopf und einem Aktorfuß auf Druck vorgespannt ist und der Massepol des Aktors mit dem Aktorkopf elektrisch kontaktiert ist, wobei der Aktorkopf über die Aktorhülse mit dem Aktorfuß elektrisch verbunden ist. Der Aktorfuß ist über eine Ventilnadel, eine Schulter der Ventilnadel und eine mit der Ventilnadel zusammenwirkende Rückstellfeder mit dem Ventilgehäuse und/oder dem Aktorgehäuse elektrisch verbunden.According to an advantageous embodiment, it is provided that the actuator is biased in an actuator sleeve between an actuator head and an actuator base to pressure and the ground of the actuator is electrically contacted with the actuator head, wherein the actuator head is electrically connected via the actuator sleeve with the actuator base. The actuator base is electrically connected via a valve needle, a shoulder of the valve needle and a return spring cooperating with the valve needle with the valve housing and / or the actuator housing.

Des weiteren vorteilhaft ist, wenn der Plusanschluss des Steckers mit einem Kopfteil des hydraulischen Kopplers und der Pluspol des Aktors mit einem Fußteil des hydraulischen Kopplers elektrisch verbunden ist, wobei das Kopfteil und das Fußteil des hydraulischen Kopplers wiederum über ein elastisches Dichtelement elektrisch leitend miteinander verbunden sind. Auf diese Weise wird die Stromzuführung über den hydraulischen Koppler ermöglicht.Furthermore, it is advantageous if the positive terminal of the plug is electrically connected to a head part of the hydraulic coupler and the positive pole of the actuator to a foot part of the hydraulic coupler, wherein the head part and the foot part of the hydraulic coupler are in turn electrically conductively connected to each other via an elastic sealing element , In this way, the power supply via the hydraulic coupler is made possible.

Vorteilhaft ist, wenn zwischen dem hydraulischen Koppler und dem Aktor eine erste elektrische Isolierung und zwischen dem hydraulischen Koppler und dem Ventilgehäuse eine zweite elektrische Isolierung vorgesehen ist, da auf diese Weise ein Kurzschluss verhindert wird.It is advantageous if a first electrical insulation is provided between the hydraulic coupler and the actuator and a second electrical insulation between the hydraulic coupler and the valve housing, since in this way a short circuit is prevented.

Zeichnungdrawing

Ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung ist in der Zeichnung vereinfacht dargestellt und in der nachfolgenden Beschreibung näher erläutert.An embodiment of the invention is shown in simplified form in the drawing and explained in more detail in the following description.

Beschreibung des AusführungsbeispielsDescription of the embodiment

Die Zeichnung zeigt schematisch ein erfindungsgemäßes Brennstoffeinspritzventil.The drawing shows schematically a fuel injection valve according to the invention.

Das Brennstoffeinspritzventil wird beispielsweise bei der sogenannten Direkteinspritzung verwendet und dient dazu, Kraftstoff, beispielsweise Benzin oder Diesel, in einen Brennraum einer Brennkraftmaschine einzuspritzen.The fuel injection valve is used for example in the so-called direct injection and serves to inject fuel, such as gasoline or diesel, in a combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine.

Das Brennstoffeinspritzventil hat ein Ventilgehäuse 1 mit einem Eingangskanal 2 für den Kraftstoff. Das Ventilgehäuse weist beispielsweise ein topfförmiges Gehäuseteil 1.1 und einen das topfförmige Gehäuseteil 1.1 verschließenden Gehäusedeckel 1.2 auf. Der Eingangskanal 2 ist beispielsweise im Gehäusedeckel 1.2 vorgesehen.The fuel injection valve has a valve housing 1 with an input channel 2 for the fuel. The valve housing has, for example, a cup-shaped housing part 1.1 and a cup-shaped housing part 1.1 closing housing cover 1.2. The input channel 2 is provided for example in the housing cover 1.2.

In dem Ventilgehäuse 1 ist ein schematisch dargestellter Aktor 3, beispielsweise ein piezoelektrischer oder magnetostriktiver Aktor, zur axialen Verstellung einer Ventilnadel 4 angeordnet.In the valve housing 1 is a schematically illustrated actuator 3, for example, a piezoelectric or magnetostrictive actuator, arranged for the axial adjustment of a valve needle 4.

Die Ventilnadel 4 ist in dem Ventilgehäuse 1 axial beweglich vorgesehen und weist beispielsweise einen dem Aktor 3 zugewandten Nadelschaft 7 und einen dem Aktor 3 abgewandten Ventilschließkörper 8 auf. Der Aktor 3 überträgt seine Bewegung auf den Nadelschaft 7 der Ventilnadel 4, wodurch der mit einem Ventilsitz 9 zusammenwirkende Ventilschließkörper 8 das Brennstoffeinspritzventil öffnet oder schließt. Das Brennstoffeinspritzventil ist beispielsweise ein sogenanntes nach außen öffnendes Ventil, wobei die Ventilnadel 4 einen Hub in Richtung eines Brennraums 10 ausführt. Bei geschlossenem Brennstoffeinspritzventil liegt der Ventilschließkörper 8 über seinen gesamten Umfang an dem Ventilsitz 9 mit Linien- oder Flächenberührung dicht an und bildet einen Dichtsitz 11.The valve needle 4 is provided axially movable in the valve housing 1 and has, for example, a needle shaft 7 facing the actuator 3 and a valve closing body 8 facing away from the actuator 3. The actuator 3 transmits its movement to the needle shaft 7 of the valve needle 4, whereby the valve closing body 8 cooperating with a valve seat 9 opens or closes the fuel injection valve. The fuel injection valve is for example a so-called outward-opening valve, the valve needle 4 executing a stroke in the direction of a combustion chamber 10. When the fuel injection valve is closed, the valve closing body 8 lies tight against the valve seat 9 with line or surface contact over its entire circumference and forms a sealing seat 11.

Der piezoelektrische Aktor 3 besteht aus einer Vielzahl von piezokeramischen Schichten, die durch Anlegen einer elektrischen Spannung eine Dehnung in axialer Richtung ausführen. Dabei wird der sogenannte inverse piezoelektrische Effekt ausgenutzt, bei dem elektrische Energie in mechanische Energie umgewandelt wird. Die durch das Anlegen der elektrischen Spannung erzeugte Dehnung der piezokeramischen Schichten wird auf die Ventilnadel 4 übertragen, wobei die Ventilnadel 4 beispielsweise einen Hub von 40 bis 50 Mikrometer ausführt. Nach erfolgter Ventilöffnung verkürzt sich der Aktor 3 durch Abschalten der elektrischen Spannung und die Ventilnadel 4 wird mittels einer Rückstellfeder 14 wieder in Richtung Ventilsitz 9 zurückbewegt und schließt das Brennstoffeinspritzventil.The piezoelectric actuator 3 consists of a plurality of piezoceramic layers, which perform an expansion in the axial direction by applying an electrical voltage. In this case, the so-called inverse piezoelectric effect is utilized in which electrical energy is converted into mechanical energy. The elongation of the piezoceramic layers generated by the application of the electrical voltage is transmitted to the valve needle 4, wherein the valve needle 4, for example, executes a stroke of 40 to 50 microns. After the valve opening, the actuator 3 is shortened by switching off the electrical voltage and the valve needle 4 is moved back by means of a return spring 14 in the direction of the valve seat 9 and closes the fuel injection valve.

Der piezoelektrische Aktor 3 ist zum Schutz vor Zug- und Biegespannungen beispielsweise in einer Aktorhülse 12 zwischen einem Aktorkopf 16 und einem Aktorfuß 17 angeordnet, wobei die Aktorhülse 12 beispielsweise als sogenannte Rohrfeder ausgeführt und aus einem Metall, beispielsweise Stahl, hergestellt ist.The piezoelectric actuator 3 is arranged to protect against tensile and bending stresses, for example in an actuator sleeve 12 between an actuator head 16 and an actuator base 17, wherein the actuator sleeve 12, for example, designed as a so-called Bourdon tube and made of a metal, such as steel.

Der Aktorkopf 16 ist an einem stirnseitigen, der Ventilnadel 4 abgewandten Ende der Aktorhülse 12 angeordnet und mit der Aktorhülse 12 stoffschlüssig und/oder kraftschlüssig verbunden, beispielsweise mittels Schweißen. Der Aktorfuß 17 ist an einem stirnseitigen, der Ventilnadel 4 zugewandten Ende der Aktorhülse 12 angeordnet und ebenfalls stoffschlüssig und/oder kraftschlüssig mit der Aktorhülse 12 verbunden, beispielsweise mittels Schweißen.The actuator head 16 is arranged on an end face, the valve needle 4 remote from the end of the actuator sleeve 12 and connected to the actuator sleeve 12 cohesively and / or non-positively, for example by welding. The actuator foot 17 is arranged on an end-side, the valve needle 4 facing the end of the actuator sleeve 12 and also cohesively and / or non-positively connected to the actuator sleeve 12, for example by welding.

Der Aktor 3 ist zwischen dem Aktorkopf 16 und dem Aktorfuß 17 mittels der Aktorhülse 12 auf Druck vorgespannt.The actuator 3 is biased between the actuator head 16 and the actuator base 17 by means of the actuator sleeve 12 to pressure.

Der Nadelschaft 7 der Ventilnadel 4 weist eine Schulter 18 auf, an der die Rückstellfeder 14 mit einem Ende anliegt, um den Nadelschaft 7 der Ventilnadel 4 an den Aktorfuß 17 der Aktorhülse 12 und den Ventilschließkörper 8 in Richtung des Ventilsitzes 9 zu drücken.The needle shaft 7 of the valve needle 4 has a shoulder 18 against which the return spring 14 abuts with one end in order to press the needle shaft 7 of the valve needle 4 to the actuator base 17 of the actuator sleeve 12 and the valve closing body 8 in the direction of the valve seat 9.

Da sich der Aktor 3 und die übrigen Komponenten des Brennstoffeinspritzventils, beispielsweise das Ventilgehäuse 1, wegen unterschiedlicher thermischer Ausdehnungskoeffizienten bei Temperaturänderung unterschiedlich stark ausdehnen, ist ein hydraulischer Koppler 15 vorgesehen, der die Differenzen in der unterschiedlichen Längenausdehnung ausgleicht, um zu gewährleisten, dass das Brennstoffeinspritzventil mit der Ventilnadel 4 unabhängig von der jeweiligen Temperatur des Brennstoffeinspritzventils jeweils den gleichen Hub ausführt. Es dürfen keine Hubverluste auftreten, bei denen der Hub des Aktors 3 nicht vollständig auf die Ventilnadel 4 übertragen wird, so dass der Hub der Ventilnadel 4 kleiner ist als der Hub des Aktors 3.Since the actuator 3 and the other components of the fuel injection valve, such as the valve housing 1, expand differently due to different thermal expansion coefficients with temperature change, a hydraulic coupler 15 is provided which compensates for the differences in the different linear expansion, to ensure that the fuel injection valve performs the same stroke with the valve needle 4, regardless of the respective temperature of the fuel injection valve. There must be no lifting losses, in which the stroke of the actuator 3 is not completely transmitted to the valve needle 4, so that the stroke of the valve needle 4 is smaller than the stroke of the actuator. 3

Der hydraulische Koppler 15 ist beispielsweise zwischen dem Gehäusedeckel 1.2 und dem Aktorkopf 16 der Aktorhülse 12 angeordnet.The hydraulic coupler 15 is arranged, for example, between the housing cover 1.2 and the actuator head 16 of the actuator sleeve 12.

Der hydraulische Koppler 15 weist beispielsweise einen topfförmigen Zylinder 21 und einen in dem topfförmigen Zylinder 21 axial beweglichen Kolben 22 auf. Zwischen dem topfförmigen Zylinder 21 und dem Kolben 22 ist ein sogenannter Kopplerspalt 23 vorgesehen. Von dem topfförmigen Zylinder 21 ausgehend verläuft ein elastisches Dichtelement 24, das beispielsweise als Wellbalg ausgebildet ist und aus Metall hergestellt ist, bis an den Kolben 22. Das elastische Dichtelement 24 schließt ein Kopplervolumen 25 ein, das über ein Drosselelement 28 mit dem Kopplerspalt 23 strömungsverbunden ist. Das Kopplervolumen 25 und der Kopplerspalt 23 sind mit einer Flüssigkeit, beispielsweise mit Kraftstoff oder einem Zweitmedium wie etwa Silikonöl gefüllt. Der Druck in der Flüssigkeit des Kopplervolumens 25 wird beispielsweise mittels eines Federelementes 26 erhöht, indem das Federelement 26 eine Druckkraft von außen auf das elastische Dichtelement 24 ausübt oder innerhalb des elastischen Dichtelementes 24 vorgesehen ist, beispielsweise im Kolben 22, und eine Druckkraft auf die Flüssigkeit des Kopplervolumens 25 ausübt. Beispielsweise hat der Kolben 22 einen Hohlraum, der über das Drosselelement 28 mit dem Kopplerspalt 23 und über eine Strömungsöffnung mit dem Umfang des Kolbens 22 verbunden ist.The hydraulic coupler 15 has, for example, a pot-shaped cylinder 21 and an axially movable in the pot-shaped cylinder 21 piston 22. Between the pot-shaped cylinder 21 and the piston 22, a so-called coupler gap 23 is provided. Starting from the pot-shaped cylinder 21, an elastic sealing element 24, which is formed for example as a corrugated bellows and is made of metal, extends as far as the piston 22. The elastic sealing element 24 includes a coupler volume 25 which is flow-connected via a throttle element 28 to the coupler gap 23 is. The coupler volume 25 and the coupler gap 23 are filled with a liquid, for example fuel or a second medium, such as silicone oil. The pressure in the liquid of the coupler volume 25 is increased, for example by means of a spring element 26 by the spring element 26 exerts a compressive force from the outside on the elastic sealing element 24 or is provided within the elastic sealing element 24, for example in the piston 22, and a pressure force on the liquid of the coupler volume 25. For example, the piston 22 has a cavity, which via the throttle element 28 is connected to the coupler gap 23 and via a flow opening with the circumference of the piston 22.

Bei zeitlich schnellen auf den hydraulischen Koppler 15 wirkenden Bewegungsvorgängen, wie beispielsweise der Ausdehnung des Aktors 3 bei Beschalten mit einer elektrischen Spannung, verhält sich der hydraulische Koppler 15 als extrem steifes Bauteil, da in der kurzen Zeit fast keine Flüssigkeit aus dem Kopplerspalt 23 durch das Drosselelement 28 in das Kopplervolumen 25 fließen kann. Da also der Kopplerspalt 23 in dieser Situation konstant bleibt, wird der Hub des Aktors 3 vollständig auf die Ventilnadel 4 übertragen.When temporally fast acting on the hydraulic coupler 15 movement processes, such as the expansion of the actuator 3 when connected to an electrical voltage, the hydraulic coupler 15 behaves as an extremely rigid component, since in the short time almost no liquid from the coupler gap 23 through the Throttling element 28 can flow into the coupler volume 25. Thus, since the coupler gap 23 remains constant in this situation, the stroke of the actuator 3 is completely transferred to the valve needle 4.

Bei zeitlich langsamen auf den hydraulischen Koppler 15 wirkenden Bewegungsvorgängen, wie beispielsweise der Dehnung aufgrund von Temperaturänderungen, verkleinert oder vergrößert sich der Kopplerspalt 23, da die Flüssigkeit genügend Zeit hat, über das Drosselelement 28 aus dem Kopplerspalt 23 heraus- oder in den Kopplerspalt 23 hineinzuströmen.With slow motion acting on the hydraulic coupler 15, such as stretching due to temperature changes, the coupler gap 23 decreases or increases because the liquid has enough time to flow out of the coupler gap 23 via the restrictor 28 or into the coupler gap 23 ,

Der Zylinder 21 des hydraulischen Kopplers 15 ist beispielsweise dem Aktor 3 und der Kolben 22 des hydraulischen Kopplers 15 dem Gehäusedeckel 1.1 zugewandt oder umgekehrt. Der dem Gehäusedeckel 1.1 zugewandte Teil des hydraulischen Kopplers 15 bildet ein Kopfteil 29 und der dem Aktor 3 zugewandte Teil ein Fußteil 30 des hydraulischen Kopplers 15.The cylinder 21 of the hydraulic coupler 15 is, for example, the actuator 3 and the piston 22 of the hydraulic coupler 15 facing the housing cover 1.1 or vice versa. The housing lid 1.1 facing part of the hydraulic coupler 15 forms a head portion 29 and the actuator 3 facing part of a foot portion 30 of the hydraulic coupler 15th

Der hydraulische Koppler 15, der Aktor 3 mit der Aktorhülse 12 und die Ventilnadel 4 sind beispielsweise konzentrisch zu einer Ventilachse 27 angeordnet.The hydraulic coupler 15, the actuator 3 with the actuator sleeve 12 and the valve needle 4 are, for example, arranged concentrically to a valve axis 27.

Die Aktorhülse 12 und der hydraulische Koppler 15 sind beispielsweise zueinander zentriert und fixiert, beispielsweise mittels einer Umspritzung 36, die vom Aktorkopf 16 ausgehend bis an das Fußteil 30 des hydraulischen Kopplers 15 reicht.The actuator sleeve 12 and the hydraulic coupler 15 are, for example, centered and fixed to one another, for example by means of an encapsulation 36, which extends from the actuator head 16 to the foot part 30 of the hydraulic coupler 15.

Um den Aktor 3 und den hydraulischen Koppler 15 gegenüber dem Kraftstoff zu kapseln, ist im Ventilgehäuse 1 ein Aktorgehäuse 31 vorgesehen, das den Aktor 3 und den hydraulischen Koppler 15 hermetisch umschließt und gegenüber dem Kraftstoff abdichtet. Das Aktorgehäuse 31 ist beispielsweise zylinderförmig ausgeführt und teilt den Innenraum des Ventilgehäuses 1 in einen mit Kraftstoff beladenen und mit dem Eingangskanal 2 strömungsverbundenen Druckraum 32 und einen den Aktor 3 und den hydraulischen Koppler 21 aufweisenden Aktorraum 33. Das Aktorgehäuse 31 ist beispielsweise konzentrisch im Ventilgehäuse 1 angeordnet und an den stirnseitigen Enden am Ventilgehäuse 1 abgestützt. Beispielsweise ist das Aktorgehäuse 31 auf der dem Gehäusedeckel 1.2 zugewandten Stirnseite stoffschlüssig und/oder kraftschlüssig mit dem Gehäusedeckel 1.2 verbunden, beispielsweise verschweißt. Der Nadelschaft 7 der Ventilnadel 4 verläuft im Aktorraum 33 vom Aktorfuß 17 ausgehend in vom Aktor 3 abgewandter Richtung und durchragt das Aktorgehäuse 31 durch eine Öffnung 34 bis in den Druckraum 32, wobei die Öffnung 34 mittels einer elastischen Dichtung 35 abgedichtet ist, so dass kein Kraftstoff aus dem Druckraum 32 in den Aktorraum 33 gelangt. Die Dichtung 35 ist beispielsweise als elastischer Wellbalg ausgebildet, der zum Beispiel aus Metall hergestellt ist, und verläuft von dem Nadelschaft 7 ausgehend ringförmig bis an das Aktorgehäuse 31.To encapsulate the actuator 3 and the hydraulic coupler 15 with respect to the fuel, an actuator housing 31 is provided in the valve housing 1, which hermetically encloses the actuator 3 and the hydraulic coupler 15 and seals against the fuel. The actuator housing 31 is designed, for example, cylindrical and divides the interior of the valve housing 1 into a fuel-laden and with the input channel. 2 flow-connected pressure chamber 32 and the actuator 3 and the hydraulic coupler 21 having actuator chamber 33. The actuator housing 31 is, for example, arranged concentrically in the valve housing 1 and supported at the front ends of the valve housing 1. For example, the actuator housing 31 is connected on the housing cover 1.2 facing end side cohesively and / or non-positively with the housing cover 1.2, for example, welded. The needle shaft 7 of the valve needle 4 extends in the actuator chamber 33 starting from the actuator base 17 in the direction away from the actuator 3 and passes through the actuator housing 31 through an opening 34 into the pressure chamber 32, wherein the opening 34 is sealed by an elastic seal 35, so that no Fuel from the pressure chamber 32 into the actuator chamber 33 passes. The seal 35 is formed, for example, as an elastic bellows, which is made for example of metal, and extends from the needle shaft 7, starting annularly to the actuator housing 31st

Die Rückstellfeder 14 liegt mit ihrem einen Ende an der Schulter 18 der Ventilnadel 4 und mit dem anderen Ende an dem Aktorgehäuse 31 an.The return spring 14 rests with its one end against the shoulder 18 of the valve needle 4 and with the other end against the actuator housing 31.

Der Aktor 3 weist einen Pluspol 38 und einen Massepol 39, der der elektrische Minuspol ist, auf. Am Ventilgehäuse 1, beispielsweise am Gehäusedeckel 1.2, ist ein beispielsweise zweipoliger elektrischer Stecker 40 mit einem Plusanschluss 41 und einem Masseanschluss 42 zur Kontaktierung mit einer externen Spannungsquelle 43 vorgesehen. Am Stecker 40 liegt abhängig von der Stellung eines Hochleistungsschalters 44 entweder eine Hochspannung der Spannungsquelle 43 oder keine Spannung an. Der Hochleistungsschalter 44 ist mit einem Pluspol der Spannungsquelle 43 verbunden. Die Spannungsquelle 43 ist beispielsweise ein Transformator, der beispielsweise eine 12V-Bordspannung eines Fahrzeugs auf eine Hochspannung erhöht.The actuator 3 has a positive pole 38 and a grounding pole 39 which is the negative electrical pole. On the valve housing 1, for example on the housing cover 1.2, an example two-pole electrical connector 40 with a positive terminal 41 and a ground terminal 42 for contacting with an external voltage source 43 is provided. Depending on the position of a high-power switch 44, either a high voltage of the voltage source 43 or no voltage is applied to the plug 40. The high-power switch 44 is connected to a positive pole of the voltage source 43. The voltage source 43 is, for example, a transformer which, for example, increases a 12V on-board voltage of a vehicle to a high voltage.

Erfindungsgemäß sind der Massepol 39 des Aktors 3 mit dem Masseanschluss 42 des Steckers 40 und der Pluspol 38 des Aktors 3 mit dem Plusanschluss 41 des Steckers 40 jeweils kabellos elektrisch verbunden. Durch die kabellose Verbindung werden Kabelbrüche vermieden, die zu einem Ausfallen des Brennstoffeinspritzventils führen würden.According to the ground pole 39 of the actuator 3 to the ground terminal 42 of the plug 40 and the positive pole 38 of the actuator 3 to the positive terminal 41 of the plug 40 are each electrically connected wirelessly. The wireless connection avoids cable breaks that would cause the fuel injector to fail.

Gemäß einer vorteilhaften Ausführung ist der Massepol 39 des Aktors 3 über das Aktorgehäuse 31 und/oder das Ventilgehäuse 1 mit dem Masseanschluss 42 des Steckers 40 elektrisch verbunden. Auf diese Weise wird die elektromagnetische Störabstrahlung des Aktors 3 verringert.According to an advantageous embodiment of the ground terminal 39 of the actuator 3 via the actuator housing 31 and / or the valve housing 1 to the ground terminal 42 of the plug 40 is electrically connected. In this way, the electromagnetic interference emission of the actuator 3 is reduced.

Der Pluspol 38 des Aktors 3 ist beispielsweise über den hydraulischen Koppler 15 mit dem Plusanschluss 41 elektrisch kontaktiert. Gemäß dieser Schaltung wird der Strom vom Stecker 40 über den hydraulischen Koppler 15 zum Aktor 3 geleitet.The positive terminal 38 of the actuator 3 is electrically contacted, for example via the hydraulic coupler 15 to the positive terminal 41. According to this circuit, the current from the plug 40 is passed via the hydraulic coupler 15 to the actuator 3.

Beispielsweise ist der Massepol 39 des Aktors 3 mit dem Aktorkopf 16 elektrisch kontaktiert, wobei der Aktorkopf 16 über die Aktorhülse 12 mit dem Aktorfuß 17 verbunden ist. Der Aktorfuß 17 wiederum ist über den Nadelschaft 7 der Ventilnadel 4, die Schulter 18 der Ventilnadel 4 und die an der Schulter 18 anliegende Rückstellfeder 14 mit dem Aktorgehäuse 31 elektrisch verbunden.For example, the grounding pole 39 of the actuator 3 is electrically contacted with the actuator head 16, the actuator head 16 being connected to the actuator foot 17 via the actuator sleeve 12. The actuator base 17 in turn is electrically connected to the actuator housing 31 via the needle shaft 7 of the valve needle 4, the shoulder 18 of the valve needle 4 and the restoring spring 14 resting against the shoulder 18.

Der Plusanschluss 41 des Steckers 30 ist beispielsweise mit dem Kopfteil 29 des hydraulischen Kopplers 15 und der Pluspol 38 des Aktors 3 mit einem Fußteil 30 des hydraulischen Kopplers 15 elektrisch verbunden.The positive connection 41 of the plug 30 is electrically connected, for example, to the head part 29 of the hydraulic coupler 15 and the positive pole 38 of the actuator 3 to a foot part 30 of the hydraulic coupler 15.

Das Kopfteil 29 und das Fußteil 30 des hydraulischen Kopplers 15 sind über das elastische Dichtelement 24 elektrisch leitend miteinander verbunden.The head part 29 and the foot part 30 of the hydraulic coupler 15 are electrically conductively connected to each other via the elastic sealing element 24.

Zwischen dem hydraulischen Koppler 15 und dem Aktor 3 ist eine erste elektrische Isolierung 46 und zwischen dem hydraulischen Koppler 15 und dem Ventilgehäuse 1 eine zweite elektrische Isolierung 47 vorgesehen, um einen Kurzschluss zwischen dem Pluspol 38 und dem Massepol 39 des Aktors 3 beziehungsweise zwischen dem Plusanschluss 41 und dem Masseanschluss 42 des Steckers 40 zu verhindern. Die Isolierungen 46,47 sind beispielsweise scheibenförmig ausgebildet und aus Keramik oder einem anderen elektrisch isolierenden Stoff hergestellt.Between the hydraulic coupler 15 and the actuator 3, a first electrical insulation 46 and between the hydraulic coupler 15 and the valve housing 1, a second electrical insulation 47 is provided to a short circuit between the positive terminal 38 and the grounding pole 39 of the actuator 3 and between the positive terminal 41 and the ground terminal 42 of the plug 40 to prevent. The insulation 46,47 are, for example, disc-shaped and made of ceramic or other electrically insulating material.

Der Pluspol 38 des Aktors 3 verläuft beispielsweise durch eine Durchgangsöffnung 50 im Aktorkopf 16 und durchragt die erste elektrische Isolierung 46 durch eine erste Öffnung 48, um eine Kontaktierung mit dem Fußteil 30 des hydraulischen Kopplers 15 zu erreichen. Der Plusanschluss 41 des Steckers 40 verläuft durch einen Anschlusskanal 51 im Gehäusedeckel 1.2 und durchragt die zweite elektrische Isolierung 47 beispielsweise durch eine zweite Öffnung 49, um eine Kontaktierung mit dem Kopfteil 29 des hydraulischen Kopplers 15 zu erreichen.The positive pole 38 of the actuator 3 extends, for example, through a passage opening 50 in the actuator head 16 and extends through the first electrical insulation 46 through a first opening 48 in order to achieve contact with the foot part 30 of the hydraulic coupler 15. The positive terminal 41 of the plug 40 extends through a connection channel 51 in the housing cover 1.2 and extends through the second electrical insulation 47, for example, through a second opening 49 in order to achieve a contact with the head part 29 of the hydraulic coupler 15.

Die zweite Isolierung 47 kann auch als Piezokeramik ausgeführt sein, um den Kraftverlauf des Aktors 3 auszuwerten und zur Regelung der Einspritzung zu verwenden.The second insulation 47 can also be designed as a piezoceramic to evaluate the force curve of the actuator 3 and to use for controlling the injection.

Der Kraftstoff wird im Ventilgehäuse 1 ausgehend vom Eingangskanal 2 in den Druckraum 32 bis an den Ventilschließkörper 8 stromauf des Dichtsitzes 11 geleitet. Beim Öffnen des Brennstoffeinspritzventils hebt der Ventilschließkörper 8 von dem Dichtsitz 11 ab, wodurch eine Verbindung zu dem Brennraum 10 der Brennkraftmaschine geöffnet wird, so dass Kraftstoff über einen zwischen dem Ventilschließkörper 8 und dem Ventilsitz 9 gebildeten ringförmigen Ausgangsspalt 52 in den Brennraum 10 ausströmt. Je größer der Hub der Ventilnadel 4 in Öffnungsrichtung ist, desto größer ist der Ausgangsspalt 52 und desto mehr Kraftstoff wird in den Brennraum 10 pro Zeiteinheit eingespritzt.The fuel is passed in the valve housing 1, starting from the inlet channel 2 in the pressure chamber 32 to the valve closing body 8 upstream of the sealing seat 11. When the fuel injection valve is opened, the valve closing body 8 lifts off from the sealing seat 11, whereby a connection to the combustion chamber 10 of the internal combustion engine is opened so that fuel flows out into the combustion chamber 10 via an annular outlet gap 52 formed between the valve closing body 8 and the valve seat 9. The larger the stroke of the valve needle 4 in the opening direction, the larger the output gap 52 and the more fuel is injected into the combustion chamber 10 per unit time.

Claims (7)

  1. Fuel injection valve having a valve housing, in which an actuator and a hydraulic coupler are arranged, the actuator having a positive pole and a ground pole and an electrical plug having a positive connection and a ground connection being provided on the valve housing for making contact with a voltage source, characterized in that the ground pole (39) of the actuator (3) is connected electrically without cables to the ground connection (42) of the plug (40) and the positive pole (38) of the actuator (3) is connected electrically without cables to the positive connection (41), in such a way that the ground pole (39) of the actuator (3) is electrically connected to the ground connection (42) of the plug (40) via the valve housing (1) and/or an actuator housing (31), and that the positive pole (38) of the actuator (3) is electrically connected to the positive connection (41) via the hydraulic coupler (15).
  2. Fuel injection valve according to Claim 1, characterized in that the actuator (3) is prestressed towards compression in an actuator sleeve (12) between an actuator head (16) and an actuator base (17), and the ground pole (39) of the actuator (3) is in electrical contact with the actuator head (16), the actuator head (16) being electrically connected to the actuator base (17) via the actuator sleeve (12).
  3. Fuel injection valve according to Claim 2, characterized in that the actuator base (17) is electrically connected to the valve housing (1) and/or the actuator housing (31) via a valve needle (4) and a restoring spring (14) which interacts with the valve needle (4).
  4. Fuel injection valve according to Claim 1, characterized in that the positive connection (41) of the plug (40) is electrically connected to a head part (29) of the hydraulic coupler (15) and the positive pole (38) of the actuator (3) is electrically connected to a base part (30) of the hydraulic coupler (15).
  5. Fuel injection valve according to Claim 4, characterized in that the head part (29) and the base part (30) of the hydraulic coupler (15) are connected to one another in an electrically conducting manner via an elastic sealing element (24).
  6. Fuel injection valve according to Claim 1, characterized in that a first electrical insulation (46) is provided between the hydraulic coupler (15) and the actuator (3) and a second electrical insulation (47) is provided between the hydraulic coupler (15) and the valve housing (1).
  7. Fuel injection valve according to Claim 1, characterized in that the hydraulic coupler (15) is arranged between the valve housing (1) and the actuator (3) in a section of the fuel injection valve which faces the plug (40).
EP05101635A 2004-05-04 2005-03-03 Fuel injection valve Expired - Fee Related EP1593837B1 (en)

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DE102004021920A DE102004021920A1 (en) 2004-05-04 2004-05-04 Fuel injector
DE102004021920 2004-05-04

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EP1593837B1 true EP1593837B1 (en) 2007-09-19

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EP1593837A1 (en) 2005-11-09
US20050247803A1 (en) 2005-11-10
DE102004021920A1 (en) 2005-12-01
DE502005001511D1 (en) 2007-10-31
US7267111B2 (en) 2007-09-11

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