EP1517086B1 - Glow Plug with a pressure sensor for a diesel engine - Google Patents

Glow Plug with a pressure sensor for a diesel engine Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1517086B1
EP1517086B1 EP04020923A EP04020923A EP1517086B1 EP 1517086 B1 EP1517086 B1 EP 1517086B1 EP 04020923 A EP04020923 A EP 04020923A EP 04020923 A EP04020923 A EP 04020923A EP 1517086 B1 EP1517086 B1 EP 1517086B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
heating element
plug body
pressure sensor
plug
pressure
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP04020923A
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German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1517086A1 (en
Inventor
Michael Haussner
Ulf Wyrwich
Hans Houben
Frank Pechhold
Heinz-Georg Schmitz
Dirk Von Hacht
Marc Gerard Johan Borgers
Albert Ferdinand Zwijze
Paulus Thomas Johannes Gennissen
Ronald De Groot
Arie-Jan Kölling
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
BorgWarner Ludwigsburg GmbH
Sensata Technologies Holland BV
Original Assignee
Beru AG
Sensata Technologies Holland BV
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Publication of EP1517086A1 publication Critical patent/EP1517086A1/en
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02P—IGNITION, OTHER THAN COMPRESSION IGNITION, FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES; TESTING OF IGNITION TIMING IN COMPRESSION-IGNITION ENGINES
    • F02P19/00—Incandescent ignition, e.g. during starting of internal combustion engines; Combination of incandescent and spark ignition
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23Q—IGNITION; EXTINGUISHING-DEVICES
    • F23Q7/00—Incandescent ignition; Igniters using electrically-produced heat, e.g. lighters for cigarettes; Electrically-heated glowing plugs
    • F23Q7/001—Glowing plugs for internal-combustion engines
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23Q—IGNITION; EXTINGUISHING-DEVICES
    • F23Q7/00—Incandescent ignition; Igniters using electrically-produced heat, e.g. lighters for cigarettes; Electrically-heated glowing plugs
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02P—IGNITION, OTHER THAN COMPRESSION IGNITION, FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES; TESTING OF IGNITION TIMING IN COMPRESSION-IGNITION ENGINES
    • F02P19/00—Incandescent ignition, e.g. during starting of internal combustion engines; Combination of incandescent and spark ignition
    • F02P19/02—Incandescent ignition, e.g. during starting of internal combustion engines; Combination of incandescent and spark ignition electric, e.g. layout of circuits of apparatus having glowing plugs
    • F02P19/028—Incandescent ignition, e.g. during starting of internal combustion engines; Combination of incandescent and spark ignition electric, e.g. layout of circuits of apparatus having glowing plugs the glow plug being combined with or used as a sensor
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23Q—IGNITION; EXTINGUISHING-DEVICES
    • F23Q7/00—Incandescent ignition; Igniters using electrically-produced heat, e.g. lighters for cigarettes; Electrically-heated glowing plugs
    • F23Q7/001—Glowing plugs for internal-combustion engines
    • F23Q2007/002—Glowing plugs for internal-combustion engines with sensing means

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a Druckmessglühkerze for a diesel engine with a plug body for insertion into a cylinder of the diesel engine, a heating element, which is arranged in the plug body, and a pressure sensor, which is arranged under a bias voltage between the heating element and the plug body, such that the pressure sensor is acted upon by the pressure prevailing in the combustion chamber of the cylinder, which is transmitted from the heating element.
  • the purpose of such a Druckmessglühkerze is to provide on the one hand as a cold start aid for starting the diesel engine at low temperatures or for intermediate annealing in unfavorable operating conditions and on the other hand by the pressure sensor, the e.g. can consist of a piezoceramic or a strain gauge to obtain information about the combustion process in the cylinder, evaluate this and control the combustion process accordingly.
  • the use of such a Druckmessglühkerze results in a diesel engine, which is adjustable in terms of reducing the exhaust gases and consumption.
  • the problem underlying the invention is therefore to provide a Druckmessglühkerze of the type mentioned, which is designed so that the pressure transmission of the geometry and the strength of the plug body is independent and the signal for the pressure in the combustion chamber of the cylinder is not affected ,
  • heating element is slidably disposed in the axial direction slidably in the plug body and transmits the pressure in the combustion chamber of the cylinder to the pressure sensor.
  • the combustion pressure is transferred directly via the heating rod, without the geometry and the strength of the plug body having an influence or being involved. All the usual functions of the glow plug are retained.
  • FIG. 1 illustrated first embodiment of the Druckmessglühkerze according to the invention has a heating element 1, which is arranged in a plug body, which is formed of two parts, namely an upper or connection-side part 2.2 and a lower or combustion chamber-side part 2.1.
  • the heating element 1 has a reduced diameter in the connection-side region and is provided in this region with a membrane 7 which is fastened to the heating element 1.
  • the membrane 7 is designed so that it passes on the heat of the heating element 1 on the plug body 2, the earth connection ensures the operation of the pressure measuring glow in its annealing function and the arrangement in the direction of the connection side of the glow plug gas-tight.
  • the membrane 7 is firmly attached to the end face of the upper body part 2.1, for example by laser welding.
  • a contact tube 6 is provided which is fixed to the glow tube 1.1 of the heating element 1.
  • the inner pole 1.2 of the heating element 1 and the con tact tube 6 extend on the terminal side beyond the plug housing 2 addition, wherein in the connection-side part of the plug housing, an O-ring 4 is provided, the extension of the heating element 1 by means of Contact tube 6 centered in the upper part 2.2 of the candle body.
  • an O-ring 3 is likewise provided, which centers the heating element 1 with respect to the lower body part 2.1 of the plug body and seals so that the combustion pressure in the cylinder is transmitted only via the heating element 1 to the membrane 7.
  • the lower part 2.1, the upper part 2.2 of the plug body and the diaphragm 7 located therebetween are welded together, for example, by laser welding.
  • An O-ring 5 is provided at the connection-side end as a sealing element between the inner pole 1.2 and the contact tube 6.
  • a pressure sensor arrangement 9 is located on the front side on the connection side of the upper part 2.2 of the plug body and is isolated in contrast.
  • the sensor assembly 9 is under a bias between the plug body 2 and the contact tube 6.
  • a clamping element 10 may be provided, which is fastened in a suitable manner to the contact tube 6, for example screwed, welded or crimped.
  • the pressure measuring glow plug described above operates as follows in terms of its pressure measurement function:
  • the heating element 1 By lying on the heating element 1 pressure in the cylinder of the diesel engine, there is an axial displacement of the heating element 1 and the membrane 7 thus the contact tube 6 relative to the connection-side part 2.2 of the plug body 2.
  • This relative movement is transmitted to the biasing device, namely the clamping element 10 and causes a relief of the biased pressure sensor assembly 9, resulting in a charge or voltage change, which is an electronic Circuit can be detected and evaluated.
  • the bias of the sensor assembly 9 has the purpose to obtain a usable signal change in the sensor relief.
  • FIGS. 2A and 2B a second embodiment of Druckmessglühkerze invention is shown in two training variants, which has the same basic structure as that in Fig. 1 illustrated embodiment has.
  • the sensor assembly 9 insulating on a shoulder of the contact tube 6, as in Fig. 2A is shown, or on a fixed to the contact tube 6 support ring, as shown in Fig. 2B is shown or placed directly on the end of the contact tube 6 and braced with the clamping element 10 relative to the upper part 2.2 of the plug body.
  • the pressure stress on the heating element 1 due to the pressure prevailing in the cylinder increases the pressure load on the sensor arrangement 9, since the sensor arrangement 9 is pressed more strongly against the clamping element 10 clamped to the upper part 2.2 of the glow plug body.
  • the resulting change in the output signal of the sensor arrangement 9 can be evaluated in the same way as in the first embodiment.
  • Fig. 3A and 3B show a third embodiment of the Druckmessglühkerze invention, the basic structure of which corresponds to the basic structure of the first two embodiment, in the Fig. 1 and 2 are shown.
  • a sensor element 8, for example a strain gauge is in the in Fig. 3A illustrated embodiment on a defined in the axial direction flexible support member 9, for example, applied in the form of a cup membrane and fixed directly between the contact tube 6 and the upper part 2.2 of the plug body 2, for example by welding.
  • the sensor element for. B. the strain gauges attached radially.
  • a load or deformation on the sensor element is detected not only in the axial direction but also in the radial direction.
  • Fig. 4 shows an embodiment of the Druckmessglühkerze according to the invention, in which the plug body 2 is in one piece and at its combustion chamber end, a diaphragm 7 is fixed, which has the same function as the diaphragm 7 in the in Fig. 1 has illustrated embodiment.
  • the membrane 7 in the in Fig. 4 illustrated embodiment serves as a seal of the plug body or supplies the sealing surface for sealing the plug body due to its outer fixation relative to the cylinder head 20th
  • the plug body 2 is integrally formed, wherein the inner seal of the plug body 2 is achieved to the heating element 1 relative to the combustion chamber and from the outside via a combination of O-rings 3 and 4, and the O-ring 4 also serves to center the extended by the contact tube 6 heating rod 1.
  • a sliding element 12 is provided between the glow tube 1 and the plug body 2, which sits between the plug body 2 and the heating element 1.
  • the sliding element can also be arranged between the plug body 2 and the contact tube 6, and serves to guide the heating element 1 and to the main centering of the heating element 1 relative to the plug body 2.
  • Fig. 5A shows the variant in which the sensor arrangement deviates from the arrangement in Fig. 1 rests on a shoulder of the contact tube 6
  • Fig. 5B shows the variant in which the sensor arrangement rests on a ring which is fixed to the contact tube 6 of the heating element 1
  • Fig. 5C shows a variant with a sensor arrangement according to Fig. 3A ,
  • FIGS. 6A and 6B show a further embodiment of the invention Druckmessglühkerze, in its construction and its operation in the Fig. 5 illustrated embodiment corresponds, but missing the slider. Instead, the heating element 1 is floatingly mounted in the plug body 2 via the O-rings 3 and 4.
  • the highest force is introduced from the heating element 1 to the sensor element and thus the largest pressure change at the sensor element, resulting in a higher charge change depending on the applied pressure.
  • the heating element 1 is thus movably arranged in the plug body 2 via a diaphragm and / or O-rings, which reduces the pressures on the plug body resulting from the combustion in the combustion chamber of the cylinder. As a result, the candle body is released from the force curve by the combustion pressure.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Measuring Fluid Pressure (AREA)
  • Ignition Installations For Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Druckmessglühkerze für einen Dieselmotor mit einem Kerzenkörper zum Einsetzen in einen Zylinder des Dieselmotors, einem Heizstab, der im Kerzenkörper angeordnet ist, und einem Drucksensor, der unter einer Vorspannung zwischen dem Heizstab und dem Kerzenkörper angeordnet ist, derart, dass der Drucksensor durch den im Brennraum des Zylinders herrschenden Druck beaufschlagt wird, der vom Heizstab übertragen wird.The invention relates to a Druckmessglühkerze for a diesel engine with a plug body for insertion into a cylinder of the diesel engine, a heating element, which is arranged in the plug body, and a pressure sensor, which is arranged under a bias voltage between the heating element and the plug body, such that the pressure sensor is acted upon by the pressure prevailing in the combustion chamber of the cylinder, which is transmitted from the heating element.

Eine derartige Druckmessglühkerze ist aus der EP 1 096 141 A3 sowie aus der JP 59-85932 bekannt.Such Druckmessglühkerze is from the EP 1 096 141 A3 as well as from the JP 59-85932 known.

Bei dieser bekannten Druckmessglühkerze sind der Kerzenkörper und der Heizstab brennraumseitig fest miteinander verbunden und hat der Kerzenkörper eine Festigkeit derart, dass er sich beim Anliegen eines Druckes elastisch radial verformen kann. Der Druck im Brennraum des Zylinders wirkt auf den Kerzenkörper und den Heizstab, so dass sich der Kerzenkörper, der fest im Zylinder der Brennkraftmaschine sitzt, elastisch verformt, während sich der Heizstab axial relativ zum Kerzenkörper bewegt. Durch diese axiale Relativbewegung zum Kerzenkörper wird der unter einer Vorspannung stehende Drucksensor entlastet, wobei der Unterschied im Ladungszustand zwischen dem belasteten und dem entlasteten Zustand als Signal für den im Brennraum herrschenden Druck abgenommen und ausgewertet wird.In this known Druckmessglühkerze the plug body and the heating element are firmly connected to each other on the combustion chamber side and the plug body has a strength such that it can deform radially elastically when a pressure is applied. The pressure in the combustion chamber of the cylinder acts on the plug body and the heating rod, so that the plug body, which sits firmly in the cylinder of the internal combustion engine, elastically deformed while the heating element moves axially relative to the plug body. By this relative axial movement to the plug body of the pressure sensor under a bias voltage is relieved, wherein the difference in charge state between the loaded and the unloaded state is taken as a signal for the pressure prevailing in the combustion chamber and evaluated.

Der Zweck einer derartigen Druckmessglühkerze besteht darin, einerseits als Kaltstarthilfe zum Starten des Dieselmotors bei tiefen Temperaturen bzw. zum Zwischenglühen bei ungünstigen Betriebsverhältnissen zu sorgen und andererseits durch den Drucksensor, der z.B. aus einer Piezokeramik oder einem Dehnungsmessstreifen bestehen kann, Informationen über den Verbrennungsablauf im Zylinder zu erhalten, diese auszuwerten und den Verbrennungsablauf dementsprechend zu steuern. Durch den Einsatz einer derartigen Druckmessglühkerze ergibt sich ein Dieselmotor, der in Hinblick auf die Reduzierung der Abgase und des Verbrauchs regelbar ist.The purpose of such a Druckmessglühkerze is to provide on the one hand as a cold start aid for starting the diesel engine at low temperatures or for intermediate annealing in unfavorable operating conditions and on the other hand by the pressure sensor, the e.g. can consist of a piezoceramic or a strain gauge to obtain information about the combustion process in the cylinder, evaluate this and control the combustion process accordingly. The use of such a Druckmessglühkerze results in a diesel engine, which is adjustable in terms of reducing the exhaust gases and consumption.

Nachteilig bei der bekannten Druckmessglühkerze ist es allerdings, dass die Druckübertragung auf den Drucksensor von der Geometrie und der Festigkeit des Kerzenkörpers abhängt.A disadvantage of the known Druckmessglühkerze, however, that the pressure transmission depends on the pressure sensor on the geometry and strength of the plug body.

Die der Erfindung zugrundeliegende Aufgabe besteht daher darin, eine Druckmessglühkerze der eingangs genannten Art zu schaffen, die so ausgebildet ist, dass die Druckübertragung von der Geometrie und der Festigkeit des Kerzenkörpers unabhängig ist und das Signal für den Druck im Brennraum des Zylinders davon nicht beeinflusst ist.The problem underlying the invention is therefore to provide a Druckmessglühkerze of the type mentioned, which is designed so that the pressure transmission of the geometry and the strength of the plug body is independent and the signal for the pressure in the combustion chamber of the cylinder is not affected ,

Diese Aufgabe wird gemäß der Erfindung dadurch gelöst, dass der Heizstab in axialer Richtung gleitend verschiebbar im Kerzenkörper angeordnet ist und den Druck im Brennraum des Zylinders auf den Drucksensor überträgt.This object is achieved according to the invention in that the heating element is slidably disposed in the axial direction slidably in the plug body and transmits the pressure in the combustion chamber of the cylinder to the pressure sensor.

Besonders bevorzugte Ausbildungen und Weiterbildungen der erfindungsgemäßen Druckmessglühkerze sind Gegenstand der Ansprüche 2 bis 9.Particularly preferred embodiments and further developments of Druckmessglühkerze invention are the subject of claims 2 to 9.

Bei der erfindungsgemäßen Druckmessglühkerze erfolgt eine direkte Weiterleitung des Verbrennungsdruckes über den Heizstab, ohne dass die Geometrie und die Festigkeit des Kerzenkörpers einen Einfluss haben oder eingebunden sind. Dabei werden alle üblichen Funktionen der Glühkerze beibehalten.In the pressure-measuring glow plug according to the invention, the combustion pressure is transferred directly via the heating rod, without the geometry and the strength of the plug body having an influence or being involved. All the usual functions of the glow plug are retained.

In dieser Weise werden Informationen zur aktuellen Verbrennung erhalten, ist eine Auswertung und ein direkter und sofortiger Eingriff in den Verbrennungsvorgang zur Optimierung bezüglich der Reduzierung von Emissionswerten, Verbrauchswerten, der Geräuschreduzierung und der Leistungssteigerung möglich, so dass sich ein dementsprechend geregelter Dieselmotor verwirklichen lässt. Erreicht wird dieses dadurch, dass der Kerzenkörper und der Drucksensor im Wesentlichen unabhängig voneinander vorgesehen sind und nicht fest miteinander gekoppelt sind.In this way, information about the current combustion is obtained, an evaluation and a direct and immediate intervention in the combustion process for optimizing the reduction of emission levels, fuel consumption, noise reduction and power increase possible, so that a correspondingly controlled diesel engine can be realized. This is achieved by the fact that the plug body and the pressure sensor are provided substantially independently of each other and are not firmly coupled together.

Im folgenden werden anhand der zugehörigen Zeichnungen besonders bevorzugten Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung näher beschrieben.In the following, particularly preferred embodiments of the invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Es zeigen

  • Fig. 1 in einer Schnittansicht ein erstes Ausführungsbeispiel der erfindungsgemäßen Druckmessglühkerze,
  • Fig. 2A und Fig. 2B in Schnittansichten ein zweites Ausführungsbeispiel der erfindungsgemäßen Druckmessglühkerze in zwei Ausbildungsvarianten,
  • Fig. 3A und 3B in Schnittansichten ein drittes Ausführungsbeispiel der erfindungsgemäßen Druckmessglühkerze in zwei Ausbildungsvarianten,
  • Fig. 3A und 3B in Schnittansichten ein drittes Ausführungsbeispiel der erfindungsgemäßen Druckmessglühkerze in zwei Ausbildungsvarianten,
  • Fig. 4 eine Schnittansicht eines vierten Ausführungsbeispiels der erfindungsgemäßen Druckmessglühkerze,
  • Fig. 5A, Fig. 5B und Fig. 5C in Schnittansichten ein fünftes Ausführungsbeispiel der erfindungsgemäßen Glühkerze in drei Ausbildungsvarianten und
  • Fig. 6A und Fig. 6B in Schnittansichten ein sechsten Ausführungsbeispiel der erfindungsgemäßen Druckmessglühkerze in zwei Varianten.
Show it
  • Fig. 1 in a sectional view of a first embodiment of the pressure-measuring glow plug according to the invention,
  • Fig. 2A and Fig. 2B in sectional views, a second embodiment of the Druckmessglühkerze invention in two training variants,
  • Fig. 3A and 3B in sectional views, a third embodiment of the Druckmessglühkerze invention in two training variants,
  • Fig. 3A and 3B in sectional views, a third embodiment of the Druckmessglühkerze invention in two training variants,
  • Fig. 4 a sectional view of a fourth embodiment of the invention Druckmessglühkerze,
  • Fig. 5A, Fig. 5B and Fig. 5C in sectional views, a fifth embodiment of the glow plug according to the invention in three training variants and
  • FIGS. 6A and 6B in sectional views, a sixth embodiment of the Druckmessglühkerze invention in two variants.

Das in Fig. 1 dargestellte erste Ausführungsbeispiel der erfindungsgemäßen Druckmessglühkerze weist eine Heizstab 1 auf, der in einem Kerzenkörper angeordnet ist, der aus zwei Teilen, nämlich einem oberen oder anschlussseitigen Teil 2.2 und einem unteren oder brennraumseitigen Teil 2.1 gebildet ist. Der Heizstab 1 weist im anschlussseitigen Bereich eine reduzierten Durchmesser auf und ist in diesem Bereich mit einer Membran 7 versehen, die am Heizstab 1 befestigt ist. Die Membran 7 ist so ausgebildet, dass sie die Wärme des Heizstabes 1 auf den Kerzenkörper 2 weiterleitet, die Masseverbindung beim Betreiben der Druckmessglühkerze in ihrer Glühfunktion sicherstellt und die Anordnung in Richtung zur Anschlussseite der Glühkerze gasdicht abschließt. Die Membran 7 ist hierzu fest an der Stirnseite des oberen Körperteils 2.1 beispielsweise durch Laserschweißen angebracht.This in Fig. 1 illustrated first embodiment of the Druckmessglühkerze according to the invention has a heating element 1, which is arranged in a plug body, which is formed of two parts, namely an upper or connection-side part 2.2 and a lower or combustion chamber-side part 2.1. The heating element 1 has a reduced diameter in the connection-side region and is provided in this region with a membrane 7 which is fastened to the heating element 1. The membrane 7 is designed so that it passes on the heat of the heating element 1 on the plug body 2, the earth connection ensures the operation of the pressure measuring glow in its annealing function and the arrangement in the direction of the connection side of the glow plug gas-tight. For this purpose, the membrane 7 is firmly attached to the end face of the upper body part 2.1, for example by laser welding.

Von der Membran 7 aus in Richtung zur Anschlussseite der Glühkerze ist ein Kontaktrohr 6 vorgesehen, das auf dem Glührohr 1.1 des Heizstabes 1 befestigt ist. Der Innenpol 1.2 des Heizstabes 1 sowie das Kon-taktrohr 6 erstrecken sich anschlussseitig über das Kerzengehäuse 2 hinaus wobei im anschlussseitigen Teil des Kerzengehäuses ein O-Ring 4 vorgesehen ist, der die Verlängerung des Heizstabes 1 mittels des Kontaktrohres 6 im oberen Teil 2.2 des Kerzenkörpers zentriert.From the membrane 7 in the direction of the connection side of the glow plug, a contact tube 6 is provided which is fixed to the glow tube 1.1 of the heating element 1. The inner pole 1.2 of the heating element 1 and the con tact tube 6 extend on the terminal side beyond the plug housing 2 addition, wherein in the connection-side part of the plug housing, an O-ring 4 is provided, the extension of the heating element 1 by means of Contact tube 6 centered in the upper part 2.2 of the candle body.

Im unteren Teil 2.1 des Kerzenkörper ist gleichfalls ein O-Ring 3 vorgesehen, der den Heizstab 1 bezüglich des unteren Körperteils 2.1 des Kerzenkörpers zentriert und so abdichtet, dass der Verbrennungsdruck im Zylinder nur über den Heizstab 1 auf die Membran 7 übertragen wird.In the lower part 2.1 of the plug body an O-ring 3 is likewise provided, which centers the heating element 1 with respect to the lower body part 2.1 of the plug body and seals so that the combustion pressure in the cylinder is transmitted only via the heating element 1 to the membrane 7.

Der untere Teil 2.1, der obere Teil 2.2 des Kerzenkörpers und die dazwischen befindliche Membran 7 sind beispielsweise durch Laserschweißen zusammengeschweißt.The lower part 2.1, the upper part 2.2 of the plug body and the diaphragm 7 located therebetween are welded together, for example, by laser welding.

Der elektrische Anschluss der Druckmessglühkerze erfolgt über den Anschluss 11 und den Innenpol 1.2 wobei der Anschluss in Gewindeform oder als Steckanschluss ausgebildet sein kann.The electrical connection of the Druckmessglühkerze via the terminal 11 and the inner pole 1.2 wherein the terminal may be formed in thread form or as a plug connection.

Ein O-Ring 5 ist am anschlussseitigen Ende als Dichtelement zwischen dem Innenpol 1.2 und dem Kontaktrohr 6 vorgesehen.An O-ring 5 is provided at the connection-side end as a sealing element between the inner pole 1.2 and the contact tube 6.

Eine Drucksensoranordnung 9 befindet sich stirnseitig auf der Anschlussseite des oberen Teils 2.2 des Kerzenkörpers und ist demgegenüber isoliert. Die Sensoranordnung 9 steht unter einer Vorspannung zwischen dem Kerzenkörper 2 und dem Kontaktrohr 6. Hierzu kann ein Spannelement 10 vorgesehen sein, das in geeigneter Weise am Kontaktrohr 6 befestigt, beispielsweise verschraubt, aufgeschweißt oder aufgekrimpt ist.A pressure sensor arrangement 9 is located on the front side on the connection side of the upper part 2.2 of the plug body and is isolated in contrast. The sensor assembly 9 is under a bias between the plug body 2 and the contact tube 6. For this purpose, a clamping element 10 may be provided, which is fastened in a suitable manner to the contact tube 6, for example screwed, welded or crimped.

Die oben beschriebene Druckmessglühkerze arbeitet hinsichtlich ihrer Druckmessfunktion wie folgt:The pressure measuring glow plug described above operates as follows in terms of its pressure measurement function:

Durch den am Heizstab 1 liegenden Druck im Zylinder des Dieselmotors kommt es zu einer axialen Verschiebung des Heizstabes 1 und über die Membran 7 somit des Kontaktrohres 6 relativ zum anschlussseitigen Teil 2.2 des Kerzenkörpers 2. Diese Relativbewegung wird auf die Vorspanneinrichtung, nämlich das Spannelement 10 übertragen und bewirkt eine Entlastung der vorgespannten Drucksensoranordnung 9, woraus sich eine Ladungs- oder Spannungsänderung ergibt, die von einer elektronischen Schaltung erfasst und ausgewertet werden kann. Die Vorspannung der Sensoranordnung 9 hat dabei den Zweck, bei der Sensorentlastung eine verwertbare Signaländerung zu erhalten.By lying on the heating element 1 pressure in the cylinder of the diesel engine, there is an axial displacement of the heating element 1 and the membrane 7 thus the contact tube 6 relative to the connection-side part 2.2 of the plug body 2. This relative movement is transmitted to the biasing device, namely the clamping element 10 and causes a relief of the biased pressure sensor assembly 9, resulting in a charge or voltage change, which is an electronic Circuit can be detected and evaluated. The bias of the sensor assembly 9 has the purpose to obtain a usable signal change in the sensor relief.

Über die Auswertung des Signals der Sensoranordnung 9 sind dann Rückschlüsse auf den jeweiligen Zylinderdruck möglich.On the evaluation of the signal of the sensor assembly 9 conclusions on the respective cylinder pressure are then possible.

In den Fig. 2A und 2B ist ein zweites Ausführungsbeispiel der erfindungsgemäßen Druckmessglühkerze in zwei Ausbildungsvarianten dargestellt, das den gleichen Grundaufbau wie das in Fig. 1 dargestellte Ausführungsbeispiel hat.In the FIGS. 2A and 2B a second embodiment of Druckmessglühkerze invention is shown in two training variants, which has the same basic structure as that in Fig. 1 illustrated embodiment has.

Abweichend von dem in Fig. 1 dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel ist die Sensoranordnung 9 allerdings isolierend auf einem Absatz des Kontaktrohres 6, wie es in Fig. 2A dargestellt ist, oder auf einem auf dem Kontaktrohr 6 fixierten Auflagering, wie es in Fig. 2B dargestellt ist oder direkt auf dem Ende des Kontaktrohres 6 aufgelegt und mit dem Spannelement 10 gegenüber dem oberen Teil 2.2 des Kerzenkörpers verspannt.Notwithstanding the in Fig. 1 illustrated embodiment, the sensor assembly 9, however, insulating on a shoulder of the contact tube 6, as in Fig. 2A is shown, or on a fixed to the contact tube 6 support ring, as shown in Fig. 2B is shown or placed directly on the end of the contact tube 6 and braced with the clamping element 10 relative to the upper part 2.2 of the plug body.

Es ist auch möglich den Ansatz zum Auflegen der Sensoranordnung 9 oder den dazu vorgesehenen Auflagering direkt am Innenpol anzuordnen.It is also possible to arrange the approach for placing the sensor assembly 9 or the support ring provided for this purpose directly on the inner pole.

Bei diesem zweiten Ausführungsbeispiel kommt es durch die Druckbeanspruchung auf den Heizstab 1 durch den im Zylinder herrschenden Druck zu einer Erhöhung der Druckbelastung der Sensoranordnung 9, da die Sensoranordnung 9 stärker gegen das mit dem oberen Teil 2.2 des Glühkerzenkörpers verspannte Spannelement 10 gedrückt wird. Die dadurch auftretende Änderung im Ausgangssignal der Sensoranordnung 9 kann in der gleichen Weise wie beim ersten Ausführungsbeispiel ausgewertet werden.In this second exemplary embodiment, the pressure stress on the heating element 1 due to the pressure prevailing in the cylinder increases the pressure load on the sensor arrangement 9, since the sensor arrangement 9 is pressed more strongly against the clamping element 10 clamped to the upper part 2.2 of the glow plug body. The resulting change in the output signal of the sensor arrangement 9 can be evaluated in the same way as in the first embodiment.

Fig. 3A und 3B zeigen ein drittes Ausführungsbeispiel der erfindungsgemäßen Druckmessglühkerze, dessen Grundaufbau dem Grundaufbau der ersten beiden Ausführungsbeispiel entspricht, die in den Fig. 1 und 2 dargestellt sind. Fig. 3A and 3B show a third embodiment of the Druckmessglühkerze invention, the basic structure of which corresponds to the basic structure of the first two embodiment, in the Fig. 1 and 2 are shown.

Ein Sensorelement 8, beispielsweise ein Dehnungsmessstreifen ist bei dem in Fig. 3A dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel auf einem in axialer Richtung definiert flexibel gestalteten Trägerelement 9 beispielsweise in Form einer Bechermembran aufgebracht und direkt zwischen dem Kontaktrohr 6 und dem oberen Teil 2.2 des Kerzenkörpers 2 beispielsweise durch Schweißung fixiert.A sensor element 8, for example a strain gauge is in the in Fig. 3A illustrated embodiment on a defined in the axial direction flexible support member 9, for example, applied in the form of a cup membrane and fixed directly between the contact tube 6 and the upper part 2.2 of the plug body 2, for example by welding.

Bei diesem Ausführungsbeispiel kommt es durch die Relativbewegung des Heizstabes 1 und zwar in seiner Verlängerung durch sein Kontaktrohr 6 zum oberen Teil 2.2 des Kerzenkörpers aufgrund eines steigenden Zylinderdruckes zu einer Dehnung des flexibel gestalteten Trägerelementes 9. Durch die daraus resultierende Zugbeanspruchung oder Dehnung des Sensorelementes 8 entsteht eine Signal änderung, die wiederum erfasst und ausgewertet werden kann.In this embodiment, it comes through the relative movement of the heating element 1 and in its extension through its contact tube 6 to the upper part 2.2 of the plug body due to an increasing cylinder pressure to an elongation of the flexible support element 9 formed by the resulting tensile stress or strain of the sensor element 8 a signal change, which in turn can be detected and evaluated.

Bei der in Fig. 3B dargestellten Ausbildungsvariante des dritten Ausführungsbeispiels ist das Sensorelement, z. B. der Dehnungsmeßstreifen radial angebracht. Bei dieser Ausbildungsvariante wird eine Belastung bzw. Verformung am Sensorelement nicht nur in axialer Richtung, sondern auch in radialer Richtung erfasst.At the in Fig. 3B illustrated training variant of the third embodiment, the sensor element, for. B. the strain gauges attached radially. In this embodiment, a load or deformation on the sensor element is detected not only in the axial direction but also in the radial direction.

Fig. 4 zeigt ein Ausführungsbeispiel der erfindungsgemäßen Druckmessglühkerze, bei dem der Kerzenkörper 2 einteilig ist und an seinem brennraumseitigen Ende eine Membran 7 befestigt ist, die die gleiche Funktion wie die Membran 7 bei dem in Fig. 1 dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel hat. Die Membran 7 bei dem in Fig. 4 dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel dient jedoch gleichzeitig als Abdichtung des Kerzenkörpers bzw. liefert die Dichtfläche zur Abdichtung des Kerzenkörpers aufgrund ihrer äußeren Fixierung gegenüber dem Zylinderkopf 20. Fig. 4 shows an embodiment of the Druckmessglühkerze according to the invention, in which the plug body 2 is in one piece and at its combustion chamber end, a diaphragm 7 is fixed, which has the same function as the diaphragm 7 in the in Fig. 1 has illustrated embodiment. The membrane 7 in the in Fig. 4 illustrated embodiment, however, serves as a seal of the plug body or supplies the sealing surface for sealing the plug body due to its outer fixation relative to the cylinder head 20th

Auch bei dem Ausführungsbeispiel, das in Fig. 5 dargestellt ist, ist der Kerzenkörper 2 einteilig ausgebildet, wobei die innere Abdichtung des Kerzenkörpers 2 zum Heizstab 1 gegenüber dem Brennraum und von außen über eine Kombination von O-Ringen 3 und 4 erzielt ist, und der O-Ring 4 auch dazu dient, den durch das Kontaktrohr 6 verlängerten Heizstab 1 zu zentrieren.Also in the embodiment, which is in Fig. 5 is shown, the plug body 2 is integrally formed, wherein the inner seal of the plug body 2 is achieved to the heating element 1 relative to the combustion chamber and from the outside via a combination of O-rings 3 and 4, and the O-ring 4 also serves to center the extended by the contact tube 6 heating rod 1.

Bei dem in Fig. 5A dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel ist zwischen dem Glührohr 1 und dem Kerzenkörper 2 ein Gleitelement 12 vorgesehen, das zwischen dem Kerzenkörper 2 und dem Heizstab 1 sitzt. Das Gleitelement kann auch zwischen dem Kerzenkörper 2 und dem Kontaktrohr 6 angeordnet sein, und dient zur Führung des Heizstabes 1 und zur Hauptzentrierung des Heizstabes 1 gegenüber dem Kerzenkörper 2.At the in Fig. 5A illustrated embodiment, a sliding element 12 is provided between the glow tube 1 and the plug body 2, which sits between the plug body 2 and the heating element 1. The sliding element can also be arranged between the plug body 2 and the contact tube 6, and serves to guide the heating element 1 and to the main centering of the heating element 1 relative to the plug body 2.

Fig. 5A zeigt die Variante, bei der die Sensoranordnung abweichend von der Anordnung in Fig. 1 auf einem Absatz des Kontaktrohres 6 aufliegt, Fig. 5B zeigt die Variante, bei der die Sensoranordnung auf einem Ring aufliegt, der am Kontaktrohr 6 des Heizstabes 1 befestigt ist, und Fig. 5C zeigt eine Variante mit einer Sensoranordnung gemäß Fig. 3A. Fig. 5A shows the variant in which the sensor arrangement deviates from the arrangement in Fig. 1 rests on a shoulder of the contact tube 6, Fig. 5B shows the variant in which the sensor arrangement rests on a ring which is fixed to the contact tube 6 of the heating element 1, and Fig. 5C shows a variant with a sensor arrangement according to Fig. 3A ,

Sensoranordnung und Arbeitsweise sind im Übrigen gleich denen der Ausführungsbeispiele, die in den Fig. 2 und 3 dargestellt sind.Sensor arrangement and operation are otherwise the same as those of the embodiments shown in the Fig. 2 and 3 are shown.

Fig. 6A und 6B zeigen ein weiteres Ausführungsbeispiel der erfindungsgemäßen Druckmessglühkerze, das in seinem Aufbau und seiner Arbeitsweise dem in Fig. 5 dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel entspricht, wobei jedoch das Gleitelement fehlt. Stattdessen ist der Heizstab 1 schwimmend im Kerzenkörper 2 über die O-Ringe 3 und 4 gelagert. FIGS. 6A and 6B show a further embodiment of the invention Druckmessglühkerze, in its construction and its operation in the Fig. 5 illustrated embodiment corresponds, but missing the slider. Instead, the heating element 1 is floatingly mounted in the plug body 2 via the O-rings 3 and 4.

Bei diesem Ausführungsbeispiel ergibt sich die höchste Krafteinleitung vom Heizstab 1 auf das Sensorelement und somit die größte Druckänderung am Sensorelement, was zu einer höheren Ladungsänderung in Abhängigkeit vom anliegenden Druck führt.In this embodiment, the highest force is introduced from the heating element 1 to the sensor element and thus the largest pressure change at the sensor element, resulting in a higher charge change depending on the applied pressure.

Die Masseverbindung vom Heizstab 1 auf den Kerzenkörper 2 kann bei diesem Ausführungsbeispiel über eine separate Masseleitung oder direkt über das in Fig. 3 dargestellte Trägerelement in der Sensoranordnung 9 erfolgen.The ground connection from the heating element 1 to the plug body 2, in this embodiment, via a separate ground line or directly over the in Fig. 3 Carrier element shown in the sensor assembly 9 done.

Die Sensoranordnung und die Arbeitsweise des in Fig. 6 dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiels entsprechen denen bei den Ausführungsbeispielen, die in Fig. 2 und 3 dargestellt sind.The sensor arrangement and the operation of the in Fig. 6 illustrated embodiment correspond to those in the embodiments shown in FIG Fig. 2 and 3 are shown.

Bei der erfindungsgemäßen Druckmessglühkerze ist somit der Heizstab 1 im Kerzenkörper 2 über eine Membran, und/oder O-Ringe beweglich angeordnet, was die durch die Verbrennung im Brennraum des Zylinders entstehenden Drücke auf den Kerzenkörper reduziert. Dadurch wird der Kerzenkörper vom Kraftverlauf durch den Verbrennungsdruck freigesetzt.In the case of the pressure-measuring glow plug according to the invention, the heating element 1 is thus movably arranged in the plug body 2 via a diaphragm and / or O-rings, which reduces the pressures on the plug body resulting from the combustion in the combustion chamber of the cylinder. As a result, the candle body is released from the force curve by the combustion pressure.

Claims (9)

  1. Glow plug with a pressure sensor for a diesel engine with
    - a plug body (2) for inserting into a cylinder of the diesel engine
    - a heating element (1), which is arranged in the plug body (2), and
    - a pressure sensor (9), which is arranged between the heating element (1) and the plug body (2) under tension, in such a way that the heating element (1) transfers the pressure in the combustion chamber of the cylinder to the pressure sensor (9),
    characterised in that
    - the heating element (1) is arranged in the plug body (2) so that it may move sliding over a membrane (7) and/or 0-rings (3, 4) in an axial direction, in order to reduce the pressures on the plug body arising through combustion in the combustion chamber of the cylinder.
  2. Glow plug with pressure sensor according to claim 1, characterised in that the plug body (2) is made up of two parts in an axial direction and the membrane (7) is made as a radial membrane, which is arranged between both parts (2.1, 2.2) of the plug body and is connected firmly with the heating element (1).
  3. Glow plug with pressure sensor according to claim 1, characterised in that the membrane (7) is arranged on the front face of the plug body (2) on the combustion chamber side and is connected firmly with the heating element (1).
  4. Glow plug with pressure sensor according to claim 2, characterised in that a sliding element (12) is arranged between the heating element (1) and the plug body (2).
  5. Glow plug with pressure sensor according to one of the previous claims, characterised in that one of the 0-rings (3) is provided between the glow plug (2) and the heating element (1) on the combustion chamber side.
  6. Glow plug with pressure sensor according to one of the previous claims, characterised in that one of the 0-rings (4) is provided between the plug body (2) and the heating element (1) on the connection side.
  7. Glow plug with pressure sensor according to claim 1, characterised in that the pressure sensor (9) is arranged between the heating element (1) and the plug body (2) under tension, in such a way that the pressure sensor (9) is balanced by the pressure prevailing in the combustion chamber of the cylinder, which is transferred from the heating element (1).
  8. Glow plug with pressure sensor according to claim 1, characterised in that the pressure sensor (9) is arranged between the heating element (1) and the plug body (2), in such a way that the pressure sensor (9) is balanced by the pressure prevailing in the combustion chamber, which is transferred from the heating element (1).
  9. Glow plug with pressure sensor according to claim 1, characterised by a flexible carrier element (9), which is applied to the plug body on the connection side, and has a sensor (8) responding to expansion, in which the pressure transferred from the heating element (1) leads to an expansion of the carrier element (9) in an axial direction.
EP04020923A 2003-09-19 2004-09-02 Glow Plug with a pressure sensor for a diesel engine Expired - Lifetime EP1517086B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10343521 2003-09-19
DE10343521A DE10343521A1 (en) 2003-09-19 2003-09-19 Pressure measuring glow plug for a diesel engine

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1517086A1 EP1517086A1 (en) 2005-03-23
EP1517086B1 true EP1517086B1 (en) 2012-11-14

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US (1) US7337657B2 (en)
EP (1) EP1517086B1 (en)
JP (1) JP4737589B2 (en)
KR (1) KR101150851B1 (en)
DE (1) DE10343521A1 (en)

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DE102015205671A1 (en) 2015-03-30 2016-10-06 Robert Bosch Gmbh Brennraumdruckaufnehmer, internal combustion engine and method for measuring a combustion chamber pressure in a combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine

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JP2005090954A (en) 2005-04-07
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JP4737589B2 (en) 2011-08-03
DE10343521A1 (en) 2005-04-21
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EP1517086A1 (en) 2005-03-23
US20050061063A1 (en) 2005-03-24

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