EP1593841B1 - Fuel injection valve - Google Patents

Fuel injection valve Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1593841B1
EP1593841B1 EP20050101642 EP05101642A EP1593841B1 EP 1593841 B1 EP1593841 B1 EP 1593841B1 EP 20050101642 EP20050101642 EP 20050101642 EP 05101642 A EP05101642 A EP 05101642A EP 1593841 B1 EP1593841 B1 EP 1593841B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
fuel injection
actuator
injection valve
coupler
valve according
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Fee Related
Application number
EP20050101642
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1593841A1 (en
Inventor
Dietmar Schmieder
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Robert Bosch GmbH
Original Assignee
Robert Bosch GmbH
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Filing date
Publication date
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Publication of EP1593841A1 publication Critical patent/EP1593841A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1593841B1 publication Critical patent/EP1593841B1/en
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
    • F02M61/16—Details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M61/02 - F02M61/14
    • F02M61/168—Assembling; Disassembling; Manufacturing; Adjusting
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M51/00—Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by being operated electrically
    • F02M51/06—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle
    • F02M51/0603—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using piezoelectric or magnetostrictive operating means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
    • F02M61/16—Details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M61/02 - F02M61/14
    • F02M61/167—Means for compensating clearance or thermal expansion
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M2200/00—Details of fuel-injection apparatus, not otherwise provided for
    • F02M2200/70—Linkage between actuator and actuated element, e.g. between piezoelectric actuator and needle valve or pump plunger
    • F02M2200/703—Linkage between actuator and actuated element, e.g. between piezoelectric actuator and needle valve or pump plunger hydraulic
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M2200/00—Details of fuel-injection apparatus, not otherwise provided for
    • F02M2200/90—Selection of particular materials
    • F02M2200/9007—Ceramic materials
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
    • F02M61/04—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00 having valves, e.g. having a plurality of valves in series
    • F02M61/08—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00 having valves, e.g. having a plurality of valves in series the valves opening in direction of fuel flow

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a fuel injection valve according to the preamble of the main claim ( WO-A-02/31344 ). It is already a fuel injector from the US 2002/0139864 A1 known, comprising a valve housing, in which an actuator and a hydraulic coupler is provided, wherein the hydraulic coupler comprises a cylinder, an axially movable piston in the cylinder and a coupler gap provided between the piston and the cylinder.
  • the disadvantage is that different coupler gaps can occur due to tolerance deviations on the valve housing.
  • the fuel injection valve according to the invention with the characterizing features of the main claim has the advantage that the adjustment of the coupler gap improved in a simple manner and thereby a reduction of the stroke losses is achieved by a setting means is fixed in an adjustment of the valve housing, the so on the hydraulic Coupler acts that a predetermined coupler gap is set.
  • the adjusting means is a bolt, a pin or a screw.
  • the actuator and the hydraulic coupler are arranged in an actuator chamber and the valve housing has an opening into the actuator chamber adjustment channel in which the adjusting means is arranged. In this way, the Kopplerspalteingna sued done in a final assembly step, so that the coupler gap is not adversely affected by subsequent assembly steps again.
  • the adjustment channel is provided in a first housing cover closing the valve housing at the end, since there is a sufficiently large wall thickness in the housing cover, which permits fastening of the adjustment means in the adjustment channel.
  • the adjustment means is positively, non-positively and / or materially connected to a wall of the adjustment channel, since the adjustment means is fixed in the adjustment channel in this way and enables a constant coupler gap over the entire service life of the fuel injection valve.
  • the bolt or the pin has at least one annular groove, since in this way a firmer connection between the adjusting means and the adjusting channel is achieved.
  • the adjusting means is made of ceramic or steel, since these materials have a sufficiently high strength.
  • An adjusting means made of ceramic has a bad sound conduction and advantageously does not pass on the noise emanating from the actuator to the valve housing.
  • the actuator and the hydraulic coupler are mounted between the adjusting means and the valve needle, since a simple adjustment of the coupler gap is achieved on this.
  • the adjusting means is rounded at the end facing the actuator chamber and / or conical, since in this way a gimbal bearing is achieved.
  • the drawing shows an inventive fuel injection valve.
  • the fuel injection valve is used to inject fuel into a combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine and is used for example in the so-called direct injection.
  • the fuel injection valve has a valve housing 1 with an input channel 2 for the fuel.
  • a schematically illustrated actuator 3 for the axial adjustment of a valve needle 4 is arranged in an interior 1.1 of the valve housing 1.
  • the valve needle 4 is provided axially movable in the interior 1.1 of the valve housing 1 and has, for example, a needle shaft 7 facing the actuator 3 and a valve closing body 8 facing away from the actuator 3.
  • the actuator 3 transmits its movement, for example via a so-called hydraulic coupler 9 on the needle shaft 7 of the valve needle 4, whereby the valve closing body 8 cooperating with a valve seat 10 opens or closes the fuel injection valve.
  • the valve closing body 8 lies tight against the valve seat 10 with line or surface contact over its entire circumference and forms a sealing seat 12.
  • the actuator 3 is designed as a piezoelectric or magnetostrictive actuator and arranged for example in an actuator housing 14 in order to encapsulate it in relation to the fuel.
  • the actuator housing 14 is arranged in the interior 1.1 of the valve housing 1 and designed, for example, cylindrical.
  • the actuator housing 14 has an actuator chamber 14.1, in which in addition to the actuator 3, for example, the hydraulic coupler 9 is provided.
  • the needle shaft 7 of the valve needle 4 extends in the actuator housing 14, for example, starting from the hydraulic coupler 9, in the direction of the valve seat 10 and projects through the actuator housing 14 through a passage opening 15 to outside of the actuator housing 14.
  • the passage opening 15 of the actuator housing 14 is by means of a seal 16, for example by means of a corrugated bellows, which is connected at its one end to the actuator housing 14 and at its other end to the needle shaft 7, sealed from the fuel, so that no fuel from the valve housing 1 can get into the actuator housing 14.
  • the hydraulic coupler 9 is provided, which abuts with one end face on the end of the needle shank 7 facing away from the valve closing body 8.
  • the actuator 3 is arranged, for example, on the end facing away from the needle shaft 7 front side of the hydraulic coupler 9. But it is also possible to provide the actuator 3 and the hydraulic coupler 9 in the reverse manner and to arrange the actuator 3 on the valve closing body 8 facing away from the end of the needle shank 7.
  • a piezoelectric actuator 3 consists of a plurality of piezoceramic layers, which perform an expansion in the axial direction by applying an electrical voltage. In this case, the so-called inverse piezoelectric effect is utilized in which electrical energy is converted into mechanical energy.
  • the elongation of the piezoceramic layers generated by the application of the electrical voltage is transmitted, for example, via the hydraulic coupler 9 to the valve needle 4, wherein the valve needle 4, for example, executes a stroke of 40 to 50 microns.
  • the actuator 3 shortens after switching off the electrical voltage and the valve needle 4 is moved back by means of a return spring 18 toward the valve seat 10 and closes the fuel injection valve.
  • valve housing 1, the actuator housing 14 with the actuator 3 and the hydraulic coupler 9, the valve needle 4 and the return spring 18 are arranged, for example, concentric with each other with respect to a valve axis 21 extending in the direction of the valve needle 4.
  • the hydraulic coupler 9 must compensate for the differences in the different linear expansion, to ensure that the fuel injection valve with the valve needle 4 regardless of the respective temperature of the fuel injection valve at an opening movement in each case executes the same stroke as the actuator 3. There may be no stroke losses occur in which the stroke of the actuator 3 is not completely transferred to the valve needle 4, so that the stroke of the valve needle 4th is smaller than the stroke of the actuator 3.
  • the fuel passes via the input channel 2 and a flow connection in the valve housing 1 to the valve closing body 8 upstream of the sealing seat 12.
  • the flow connection is, for example, through a first annular gap 19 between the valve housing 1 and the actuator housing 14 and through a second annular gap 20 between the valve housing 1 and Valve needle 4 is formed.
  • the hydraulic coupler 9 is clamped for example between the actuator 3 and the valve needle 4 and has, for example, a pot-shaped cylinder 23 with a pot bottom 24 and an axially movable in the pot-shaped cylinder 23 piston 25. Between the cylinder 23 and the piston 25, for example between the pot bottom 24 and the pot bottom 24 facing the end face of the piston 25, a coupler gap 26 is provided.
  • the coupler gap 26 facing away from the end face of the pot bottom 24 of the pot-shaped cylinder 23 is applied, for example, to the valve needle 4.
  • a piston rod 29 is provided, which extends axially in a direction away from the piston 25.
  • the piston rod 29 has, for example, at its end facing away from the piston 25, a head part 30, which rests, for example, on the actuator 3.
  • a compensating volume 31 is provided which is sealed by means of an elastic sealing element 32 relative to the actuator chamber 14.1 of the actuator housing 14.
  • the elastic sealing element 32 is designed for example as bellows.
  • the coupler gap 26 and the compensation volume 31 of the hydraulic coupler 9 are filled with a liquid, for example fuel or a second medium, such as silicone oil.
  • the coupler gap 26 is fluidly connected via a throttle point 34 with the compensation volume 31, for example via a gap between the cylinder 23 and the piston 25 or via at least one throttle bore in the piston 25th
  • the stroke of the actuator 3 is transmitted, for example via the head part 30, the piston rod 29, the piston 25 and the coupler gap 26 on the cylinder 23 of the hydraulic coupler 9 on the valve stem 7 of the valve needle 4.
  • a pressure is exerted on the liquid in the coupler gap 26, so that a small part of the liquid escapes via the throttling point 34 into the equalizing volume 31.
  • the leakage amount escaped from the coupler gap 26 during the stroke of the actuator 3 must be returned to the coupler gap 26 in each case between two successive strokes of the actuator 3, so that the coupler gap 26 is not gradually emptied. Since the time intervals between two strokes can be very short depending on the operating state of the internal combustion engine, the highest possible pressure in the compensation volume 31 is required for rapid refilling of the coupler gap 26.
  • the pressure in the compensating volume 31 is increased, for example, by means of a compression spring 36, which acts compressively on the compensating volume 31.
  • the compression spring 36 is clamped for example between the head part 30 and the compensating volume 31.
  • the valve housing 1 is on the front side facing the input channel 2 of a first housing cover 38 and on the valve needle 4 facing end side of a second housing cover 39 sealed.
  • the first housing cover 38 closes, for example, the input channel 2 facing the front side of the actuator housing 14.
  • the first housing cover 38 has, for example, the input channel 2 and an electrical connector, not shown, for electrical contacting of the actuator 3.
  • the coupler gap 26 is to be set to a predetermined small clearance when mounting the fuel injector to reduce lift losses in the coupler gap 26.
  • the Hublangee in the coupler gap 26 can by small leakage quantities, the Leave coupler gap 26 via the throttle point 34 in the direction of the compensating volume 31, and caused by compressibility of the liquid in the coupler gap 26.
  • an adjustment means 42 is mounted in an adjustment channel 43 of the valve housing 1, which acts on the hydraulic coupler 9 such that a predetermined coupler gap 26 is set.
  • the adjusting means 42 is arranged for example in a valve needle 4 opposite portion of the valve housing 1, which also has the input channel 2.
  • the coupler gap 26 is set, for example, to a gap in the range between XX and YY microns.
  • the input channel 2 in the first housing cover 38 has, for example, a first channel section 2.1, which is arranged centrically with respect to the valve axis 21 and runs rectilinearly in the direction of the valve axis 21, and a second channel section 2.2 which branches off from the first channel section 2.1 and into the interior 1.1 outside the actuator housing 14 opens, for example, in the first annular gap 19th
  • the adjustment means 42 is mounted in the adjustment channel 43 and has in the adjustment channel 43 a defined axial position, which remains unchanged for the life of the fuel injection valve.
  • the adjustment channel 43 extends in the first housing cover 38 from the first channel section 2.1, starting in the direction of the valve axis 21 and opens into the actuator chamber 14.1 of the actuator housing 14.
  • the diameter of the adjustment channel 43 is smaller than the diameter of the first channel section 2.1 of the input channel. 2
  • the adjusting means 42 for example, a bolt, a pin or a screw.
  • the adjusting means 42 is positively and / or non-positively and / or materially connected to a wall of the adjustment channel 43, for example, pressed into the adjustment channel 43, screwed, welded, clamped and / or glued. In this way, the adjustment means 42 is fixedly mounted in the adjustment channel 43 after assembly, and without external action in the axial direction.
  • the adjustment channel 43 has a thread.
  • the adjusting means 42 is for example made of ceramic, sintered material or metal, for example steel.
  • An adjustment means 42 made of ceramic or sintered material has the advantage that it conducts noise and vibrations poorly and in this way forwards the noise emission emanating from the actuator 3 in a damped manner to the valve housing 1.
  • the adjusting means 42 is inserted during assembly in the first channel section 2.1 and introduced by a tool from the first channel section 2.1 in the adjustment channel 43 by a predetermined insertion length, for example, pressed, wherein the diameter of the adjusting means 42 is greater than the diameter of the adjustment channel 43rd
  • the insertion of the adjusting means 42 in the adjustment channel 43 takes place, for example, in two steps, wherein the adjusting means 42 is moved in the first step by the predetermined insertion length in the adjustment channel 43 to abut against the actuator 3 or on the hydraulic coupler. In the second step, the adjusting means 42 is moved in the direction of the valve seat 10 by a further, previously determined insertion length. In this way, the adjustment of the coupler gap 26 is independent of tolerance deviations at the fuel injection valve.
  • the adjusting means 42 projects through the adjusting channel 43 into the actuator housing 14 and extends to the actuator 3 or the hydraulic coupler 9, for example the actuator 3.
  • the adjusting means 42 projects with a predetermined Matterstehin in the actuator chamber 14 and exerts against the spring force of the compression spring 36th of the hydraulic coupler 9 from a predetermined pressure force on the actuator 3 and the hydraulic coupler 9, which is greater than the spring force of the compression spring 36 and therefore the piston 25 of the hydraulic coupler 9 in the direction of the pot bottom 24 of the hydraulic coupler 9 presses, so that liquid is displaced from the coupler gap 26 through the throttle 34 in the compensating volume 31 and the coupler gap 26 is set to a predetermined level.
  • the pressure force of the compression spring 36 tries to press against the force of the adjusting means 42 liquid from the compensating volume 31 through the throttle 34 in the coupler gap 26 to move the piston 25 in this way in the pot bottom 24 facing away from the measure of the coupler gap 26 and thus to increase the longitudinal extent of the hydraulic coupler 9.
  • the actuator 3 and the hydraulic coupler 9 are clamped between the adjusting means 42 and the valve needle 4 and stored, for example gimbal.
  • the adjusting means 42 and the valve needle 4 are rounded to form a cardanic bearing, for example, at the end facing the actuator chamber 14.1 and / or tapered.
  • the adjusting means 42 for example, one or more mutually axially spaced annular grooves 44.
  • a predetermined measured in the axial direction channel length of the adjustment channel 43 to achieve a minimum pressure is required.
  • the adjustment means 42 may also be cup-shaped hollow and open towards the first channel section 2.1 (as shown for example by dashed lines), so that the pressure of the fuel of the first channel section 2.1 presses the adjustment means 42 radially outward against the wall of the adjustment channel 43.
  • the setting of the coupler gap 26 takes place, for example, in a final assembly step after the assembly of the actuator 3 and the hydraulic coupler 9 in the actuator housing 14, after assembly of the actuator housing 14, the valve needle 4 and the return spring 18 in the valve housing 1, and after the frontal Closing the valve housing 1 with the housing covers 38,39. In this way it is avoided that the coupler gap 26 could be adjusted again by subsequent assembly steps.

Description

Stand der TechnikState of the art

Die Erfindung geht aus von einem Brennstoffeinspritzventil nach der Gattung des Hauptanspruchs ( WO-A-02/31344 ).
Es ist schon ein Brennstoffeinspritzventil aus der US 2002/0139864 A1 bekannt, mit einem Ventilgehäuse, in dem ein Aktor und ein hydraulischer Koppler vorgesehen ist, wobei der hydraulische Koppler einen Zylinder, einen in dem Zylinder axial beweglichen Kolben und einen zwischen dem Kolben und dem Zylinder vorgesehenen Kopplerspalt aufweist.
Nachteilig ist, dass sich durch Toleranzabweichungen am Ventilgehäuse unterschiedliche Kopplerspalte einstellen können.The invention relates to a fuel injection valve according to the preamble of the main claim ( WO-A-02/31344 ).
It is already a fuel injector from the US 2002/0139864 A1 known, comprising a valve housing, in which an actuator and a hydraulic coupler is provided, wherein the hydraulic coupler comprises a cylinder, an axially movable piston in the cylinder and a coupler gap provided between the piston and the cylinder.
The disadvantage is that different coupler gaps can occur due to tolerance deviations on the valve housing.

Vorteile der ErfindungAdvantages of the invention

Das erfindungsgemäße Brennstoffeinspritzventil mit den kennzeichnenden Merkmalen des Hauptanspruchs hat demgegenüber den Vorteil, dass die Einstellung des Kopplerspaltes auf einfache Art und Weise verbessert und dadurch eine Verringerung der Hubverluste erzielt wird, indem in einem Einstellkanal des Ventilgehäuses ein Einstellmittel befestigt ist, das derart auf den hydraulischen Koppler wirkt, dass ein vorbestimmter Kopplerspalt eingestellt ist.The fuel injection valve according to the invention with the characterizing features of the main claim has the advantage that the adjustment of the coupler gap improved in a simple manner and thereby a reduction of the stroke losses is achieved by a setting means is fixed in an adjustment of the valve housing, the so on the hydraulic Coupler acts that a predetermined coupler gap is set.

Durch die in den Unteransprüchen aufgeführten Maßnahmen sind vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen und Verbesserungen des im Hauptanspruch angegebenen Brennstoffeinspritzventils möglich.The measures listed in the dependent claims advantageous refinements and improvements of the main claim fuel injector are possible.

Nach einer vorteilhaften Ausgestaltung ist das Einstellmittel ein Bolzen, ein Stift oder eine Schraube.According to an advantageous embodiment, the adjusting means is a bolt, a pin or a screw.

Besonders vorteilhaft ist, wenn der Aktor und der hydraulische Koppler in einem Aktorraum angeordnet sind und das Ventilgehäuse einen in den Aktorraum mündenden Einstellkanal aufweist, in dem das Einstellmittel angeordnet ist. Auf diese Weise kann die Kopplerspalteinstellung in einem letzten Montageschritt erfolgen, so dass der Kopplerspalt nicht durch nachfolgende Montageschritte wieder nachteilig verändert wird.It is particularly advantageous if the actuator and the hydraulic coupler are arranged in an actuator chamber and the valve housing has an opening into the actuator chamber adjustment channel in which the adjusting means is arranged. In this way, the Kopplerspalteinstellung done in a final assembly step, so that the coupler gap is not adversely affected by subsequent assembly steps again.

Weiterhin vorteilhaft ist, wenn der Einstellkanal in einem das Ventilgehäuse stirnseitig verschließenden ersten Gehäusedeckel vorgesehen ist, da in dem Gehäusedeckel eine ausreichend große Wanddicke vorliegt, die eine Befestigung des Einstellmittels in dem Einstellkanal zulässt.It is furthermore advantageous if the adjustment channel is provided in a first housing cover closing the valve housing at the end, since there is a sufficiently large wall thickness in the housing cover, which permits fastening of the adjustment means in the adjustment channel.

Sehr vorteilhaft ist es, wenn das Einstellmittel formschlüssig, kraftschlüssig und/oder stoffschlüssig mit einer Wandung des Einstellkanals verbunden ist, da das Einstellmittel auf diese Weise fest in dem Einstellkanal angeordnet ist und einen konstanten Kopplerspalt über die gesamte Lebensdauer des Brennstoffeinspritzventils ermöglicht.It is very advantageous if the adjustment means is positively, non-positively and / or materially connected to a wall of the adjustment channel, since the adjustment means is fixed in the adjustment channel in this way and enables a constant coupler gap over the entire service life of the fuel injection valve.

Nach einer vorteilhaften Ausgestaltung ist vorgesehen, das Einstellmittel in den Einstellkanal einzupressen, einzuschrauben, einzuschweißen, einzulöten, einzuklemmen oder einzukleben.According to an advantageous embodiment, it is provided to press the adjusting means into the adjusting channel, to screw in, to weld in, to solder in, clamp in or glue in place.

Auch vorteilhaft ist, wenn der Bolzen oder der Stift zumindest eine ringförmige Nut aufweist, da auf diese Weise eine festere Verbindung zwischen dem Einstellmittel und dem Einstellkanal erreicht wird.It is also advantageous if the bolt or the pin has at least one annular groove, since in this way a firmer connection between the adjusting means and the adjusting channel is achieved.

Des weiteren vorteilhaft ist, wenn das Einstellmittel aus Keramik oder Stahl hergestellt ist, da diese Werkstoffe eine ausreichend hohe Festigkeit aufweisen. Ein aus Keramik gefertigtes Einstellmittel weist eine schlechte Schallleitung auf und leitet die vom Aktor ausgehenden Geräusche vorteilhafterweise nicht an das Ventilgehäuse weiter.It is also advantageous if the adjusting means is made of ceramic or steel, since these materials have a sufficiently high strength. An adjusting means made of ceramic has a bad sound conduction and advantageously does not pass on the noise emanating from the actuator to the valve housing.

Darüber hinaus vorteilhaft ist, wenn der Aktor und der hydraulische Koppler zwischen dem Einstellmittel und der Ventilnadel gelagert sind, da auf diese eine einfache Einstellung des Kopplerspaltes erzielt wird.Moreover, it is advantageous if the actuator and the hydraulic coupler are mounted between the adjusting means and the valve needle, since a simple adjustment of the coupler gap is achieved on this.

Außerdem vorteilhaft ist, wenn das Einstellmittel an dem dem Aktorraum zugewandten Ende abgerundet und/oder kegelförmig ausgebildet ist, da auf diese Weise eine kardanische Lagerung erreicht ist.It is also advantageous if the adjusting means is rounded at the end facing the actuator chamber and / or conical, since in this way a gimbal bearing is achieved.

Zeichnungdrawing

Ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung ist in der Zeichnung vereinfacht dargestellt und in der nachfolgenden Beschreibung näher erläutert.An embodiment of the invention is shown in simplified form in the drawing and explained in more detail in the following description.

Beschreibung des AusführungsbeispielsDescription of the embodiment

Die Zeichnung zeigt ein erfindungsgemäßes Brennstoffeinspritzventil.The drawing shows an inventive fuel injection valve.

Das Brennstoffeinspritzventil dient dazu, Kraftstoff in einen Brennraum einer Brennkraftmaschine einzuspritzen und wird beispielsweise bei der sogenannten Direkteinspritzung verwendet.The fuel injection valve is used to inject fuel into a combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine and is used for example in the so-called direct injection.

Das Brennstoffeinspritzventil hat ein Ventilgehäuse 1 mit einem Eingangskanal 2 für den Kraftstoff. In einem Innenraum 1.1 des Ventilgehäuses 1 ist ein schematisch dargestellter Aktor 3 zur axialen Verstellung einer Ventilnadel 4 angeordnet.The fuel injection valve has a valve housing 1 with an input channel 2 for the fuel. In an interior 1.1 of the valve housing 1, a schematically illustrated actuator 3 for the axial adjustment of a valve needle 4 is arranged.

Die Ventilnadel 4 ist in dem Innenraum 1.1 des Ventilgehäuses 1 axial beweglich vorgesehen und weist beispielsweise einen dem Aktor 3 zugewandten Nadelschaft 7 und einen dem Aktor 3 abgewandten Ventilschließkörper 8 auf. Der Aktor 3 überträgt seine Bewegung beispielsweise über einen sogenannten hydraulischen Koppler 9 auf den Nadelschaft 7 der Ventilnadel 4, wodurch der mit einem Ventilsitz 10 zusammenwirkende Ventilschließkörper 8 das Brennstoffeinspritzventil öffnet oder schließt. Bei geschlossenem Brennstoffeinspritzventil liegt der Ventilschließkörper 8 über seinen gesamten Umfang an dem Ventilsitz 10 mit Linien- oder Flächenberührung dicht an und bildet einen Dichtsitz 12.The valve needle 4 is provided axially movable in the interior 1.1 of the valve housing 1 and has, for example, a needle shaft 7 facing the actuator 3 and a valve closing body 8 facing away from the actuator 3. The actuator 3 transmits its movement, for example via a so-called hydraulic coupler 9 on the needle shaft 7 of the valve needle 4, whereby the valve closing body 8 cooperating with a valve seat 10 opens or closes the fuel injection valve. When the fuel injection valve is closed, the valve closing body 8 lies tight against the valve seat 10 with line or surface contact over its entire circumference and forms a sealing seat 12.

Der Aktor 3 ist als ein piezoelektrischer oder magnetostriktiver Aktor ausgebildet und beispielsweise in einem Aktorgehäuse 14 angeordnet, um diesen gegenüber dem Kraftstoff zu kapseln.The actuator 3 is designed as a piezoelectric or magnetostrictive actuator and arranged for example in an actuator housing 14 in order to encapsulate it in relation to the fuel.

Das Aktorgehäuse 14 ist im Innenraum 1.1 des Ventilgehäuses 1 angeordnet und beispielsweise zylindrisch ausgeführt. Das Aktorgehäuse 14 weist einen Aktorraum 14.1 auf, in dem neben dem Aktor 3 beispielsweise auch der hydraulische Koppler 9 vorgesehen ist. Der Nadelschaft 7 der Ventilnadel 4 verläuft im Aktorgehäuse 14, beispielsweise von dem hydraulischen Koppler 9 ausgehend, in Richtung des Ventilsitzes 10 und durchragt das Aktorgehäuse 14 durch eine Durchgangsöffnung 15 bis nach außerhalb des Aktorgehäuses 14. Die Durchgangsöffnung 15 des Aktorgehäuses 14 ist mittels einer Dichtung 16, beispielsweise mittels eines Wellbalgs, der an seinem einen Ende mit dem Aktorgehäuse 14 und an seinem anderen Ende mit dem Nadelschaft 7 verbunden ist, gegenüber dem Kraftstoff abgedichtet, so dass kein Kraftstoff aus dem Ventilgehäuse 1 in das Aktorgehäuse 14 gelangen kann.The actuator housing 14 is arranged in the interior 1.1 of the valve housing 1 and designed, for example, cylindrical. The actuator housing 14 has an actuator chamber 14.1, in which in addition to the actuator 3, for example, the hydraulic coupler 9 is provided. The needle shaft 7 of the valve needle 4 extends in the actuator housing 14, for example, starting from the hydraulic coupler 9, in the direction of the valve seat 10 and projects through the actuator housing 14 through a passage opening 15 to outside of the actuator housing 14. The passage opening 15 of the actuator housing 14 is by means of a seal 16, for example by means of a corrugated bellows, which is connected at its one end to the actuator housing 14 and at its other end to the needle shaft 7, sealed from the fuel, so that no fuel from the valve housing 1 can get into the actuator housing 14.

An dem dem Ventilschließkörper 8 abgewandten Ende des Nadelschafts 7 ist beispielsweise der hydraulische Koppler 9 vorgesehen, der mit einer Stirnseite an dem dem Ventilschließkörper 8 abgewandten Ende des Nadelschafts 7 anliegt. Der Aktor 3 ist beispielsweise auf der dem Nadelschaft 7 abgewandten Stirnseite des hydraulischen Kopplers 9 angeordnet. Es ist aber auch möglich, den Aktor 3 und den hydraulischen Koppler 9 in umgekehrter Weise vorzusehen und den Aktor 3 an dem dem Ventilschließkörper 8 abgewandten Ende des Nadelschafts 7 anzuordnen.At the end of the needle shaft 7 facing away from the valve closing body 8, for example, the hydraulic coupler 9 is provided, which abuts with one end face on the end of the needle shank 7 facing away from the valve closing body 8. The actuator 3 is arranged, for example, on the end facing away from the needle shaft 7 front side of the hydraulic coupler 9. But it is also possible to provide the actuator 3 and the hydraulic coupler 9 in the reverse manner and to arrange the actuator 3 on the valve closing body 8 facing away from the end of the needle shank 7.

Ein piezoelektrischer Aktor 3 besteht aus einer Vielzahl von piezokeramischen Schichten, die durch Anlegen einer elektrischen Spannung eine Dehnung in axialer Richtung ausführen. Dabei wird der sogenannte inverse piezoelektrische Effekt ausgenutzt, bei dem elektrische Energie in mechanische Energie umgewandelt wird. Die durch das Anlegen der elektrischen Spannung erzeugte Dehnung der piezokeramischen Schichten wird beispielsweise über den hydraulischen Koppler 9 auf die Ventilnadel 4 übertragen, wobei die Ventilnadel 4 beispielsweise einen Hub von 40 bis 50 Mikrometer ausführt. Nach erfolgter Öffnung des Brennstoffeinspritzventils verkürzt sich der Aktor 3 nach Abschalten der elektrischen Spannung und die Ventilnadel 4 wird mittels einer Rückstellfeder 18 wieder in Richtung Ventilsitz 10 zurückbewegt und schließt das Brennstoffeinspritzventil.A piezoelectric actuator 3 consists of a plurality of piezoceramic layers, which perform an expansion in the axial direction by applying an electrical voltage. In this case, the so-called inverse piezoelectric effect is utilized in which electrical energy is converted into mechanical energy. The elongation of the piezoceramic layers generated by the application of the electrical voltage is transmitted, for example, via the hydraulic coupler 9 to the valve needle 4, wherein the valve needle 4, for example, executes a stroke of 40 to 50 microns. After the opening of the fuel injection valve, the actuator 3 shortens after switching off the electrical voltage and the valve needle 4 is moved back by means of a return spring 18 toward the valve seat 10 and closes the fuel injection valve.

Das Ventilgehäuse 1, das Aktorgehäuse 14 mit dem Aktor 3 und dem hydraulischen Koppler 9, die Ventilnadel 4 und die Rückstellfeder 18 sind beispielsweise konzentrisch zueinander bezüglich einer in Richtung der Ventilnadel 4 verlaufenden Ventilachse 21 angeordnet.The valve housing 1, the actuator housing 14 with the actuator 3 and the hydraulic coupler 9, the valve needle 4 and the return spring 18 are arranged, for example, concentric with each other with respect to a valve axis 21 extending in the direction of the valve needle 4.

Da sich der Aktor 3 und die übrigen Komponenten des Brennstoffeinspritzventils, beispielsweise das Ventilgehäuse 1, wegen unterschiedlicher thermischer Ausdehnungskoeffizienten bei Temperaturänderung unterschiedlich stark ausdehnen, muss der hydraulische Koppler 9 die Differenzen in der unterschiedlichen Längenausdehnung ausgleichen, um zu gewährleisten, dass das Brennstoffeinspritzventil mit der Ventilnadel 4 unabhängig von der jeweiligen Temperatur des Brennstoffeinspritzventils bei einer Öffnungsbewegung jeweils den gleichen Hub ausführt wie der Aktor 3. Es dürfen keine Hubverluste auftreten, bei denen der Hub des Aktors 3 nicht vollständig auf die Ventilnadel 4 übertragen wird, so dass der Hub der Ventilnadel 4 kleiner ist als der Hub des Aktors 3.Since the actuator 3 and the other components of the fuel injection valve, for example, the valve body 1, expand differently due to different thermal expansion coefficients with temperature change, the hydraulic coupler 9 must compensate for the differences in the different linear expansion, to ensure that the fuel injection valve with the valve needle 4 regardless of the respective temperature of the fuel injection valve at an opening movement in each case executes the same stroke as the actuator 3. There may be no stroke losses occur in which the stroke of the actuator 3 is not completely transferred to the valve needle 4, so that the stroke of the valve needle 4th is smaller than the stroke of the actuator 3.

Der Kraftstoff gelangt über den Eingangskanal 2 und eine Strömungsverbindung im Ventilgehäuse 1 zum Ventilschließkörper 8 stromauf des Dichtsitzes 12. Die Strömungsverbindung ist beispielsweise durch einen ersten Ringspalt 19 zwischen dem Ventilgehäuse 1 und dem Aktorgehäuse 14 und durch einen zweiten Ringspalt 20 zwischen dem Ventilgehäuse 1 und der Ventilnadel 4 gebildet. Beim Öffnen des Brennstoffeinspritzventils hebt der Ventilschließkörper 8 von dem Ventilsitz 10 ab, wodurch ein Ausgang 11 des Brennstoffeinspritzventils zu dem Brennraum der Brennkraftmaschine geöffnet wird, so dass Kraftstoff über einen zwischen dem Ventilschließkörper 8 und dem Ventilsitz 10 gebildeten Ausgangsspalt in den Brennraum ausströmt. Je größer der Hub der Ventilnadel 4 in Öffnungsrichtung ist, desto größer ist der Ausgangsspalt und desto mehr Kraftstoff wird pro Zeiteinheit in den Brennraum eingespritzt.The fuel passes via the input channel 2 and a flow connection in the valve housing 1 to the valve closing body 8 upstream of the sealing seat 12. The flow connection is, for example, through a first annular gap 19 between the valve housing 1 and the actuator housing 14 and through a second annular gap 20 between the valve housing 1 and Valve needle 4 is formed. When opening the fuel injection valve, the valve closing body 8 lifts off from the valve seat 10, whereby an output 11 of the fuel injection valve is opened to the combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine, so that fuel flows through a formed between the valve closing body 8 and the valve seat 10 output gap in the combustion chamber. The larger the stroke of the valve needle. 4 in the opening direction, the greater the output gap and the more fuel is injected per unit time in the combustion chamber.

Der hydraulische Koppler 9 ist beispielsweise zwischen dem Aktor 3 und der Ventilnadel 4 eingespannt und weist beispielsweise einen topfförmigen Zylinder 23 mit einem Topfboden 24 und einen in dem topfförmigen Zylinder 23 axial beweglichen Kolben 25 auf. Zwischen dem Zylinder 23 und dem Kolben 25, beispielsweise zwischen dem Topfboden 24 und der dem Topfboden 24 zugewandten Stirnseite des Kolbens 25, ist ein Kopplerspalt 26 vorgesehen.The hydraulic coupler 9 is clamped for example between the actuator 3 and the valve needle 4 and has, for example, a pot-shaped cylinder 23 with a pot bottom 24 and an axially movable in the pot-shaped cylinder 23 piston 25. Between the cylinder 23 and the piston 25, for example between the pot bottom 24 and the pot bottom 24 facing the end face of the piston 25, a coupler gap 26 is provided.

Die dem Kopplerspalt 26 abgewandte Stirnseite des Topfbodens 24 des topfförmigen Zylinders 23 liegt beispielsweise an der Ventilnadel 4 an.The coupler gap 26 facing away from the end face of the pot bottom 24 of the pot-shaped cylinder 23 is applied, for example, to the valve needle 4.

An einer dem Topfboden 24 abgewandten Stirnseite des Kolbens 25 ist beispielsweise eine Kolbenstange 29 vorgesehen, die sich in einer vom Kolben 25 abgewandten Richtung axial erstreckt. Die Kolbenstange 29 weist beispielsweise an ihrem dem Kolben 25 abgewandten Ende ein Kopfteil 30 auf, das beispielsweise an dem Aktor 3 anliegt.On a side facing away from the bottom of the pot 24, the piston 25, for example, a piston rod 29 is provided, which extends axially in a direction away from the piston 25. The piston rod 29 has, for example, at its end facing away from the piston 25, a head part 30, which rests, for example, on the actuator 3.

Auf der dem Kopplerspalt 26 abgewandten Stirnseite des Kolbens 25 ist beispielsweise eine Ausgleichsvolumen 31 vorgesehen, das mittels eines elastischen Dichtelementes 32 gegenüber dem Aktorraum 14.1 des Aktorgehäuses 14 abgedichtet ist. Das elastische Dichtelement 32 ist beispielsweise als Wellbalg ausgeführt.On the side facing away from the coupler gap 26 end face of the piston 25, for example, a compensating volume 31 is provided which is sealed by means of an elastic sealing element 32 relative to the actuator chamber 14.1 of the actuator housing 14. The elastic sealing element 32 is designed for example as bellows.

Der Kopplerspalt 26 und das Ausgleichsvolumen 31 des hydraulischen Kopplers 9 sind mit einer Flüssigkeit, beispielsweise Kraftstoff oder einem Zweitmedium wie etwa Silikonöl, gefüllt.The coupler gap 26 and the compensation volume 31 of the hydraulic coupler 9 are filled with a liquid, for example fuel or a second medium, such as silicone oil.

Der Kopplerspalt 26 ist über eine Drosselstelle 34 mit dem Ausgleichsvolumen 31 strömungsverbunden, beispielsweise über einen Spalt zwischen dem Zylinder 23 und dem Kolben 25 oder über zumindest eine Drosselbohrung im Kolben 25.The coupler gap 26 is fluidly connected via a throttle point 34 with the compensation volume 31, for example via a gap between the cylinder 23 and the piston 25 or via at least one throttle bore in the piston 25th

Der Hub des Aktors 3 wird beispielsweise über das Kopfteil 30, die Kolbenstange 29, den Kolben 25 und über den Kopplerspalt 26 auf den Zylinder 23 des hydraulischen Kopplers 9 auf den Ventilschaft 7 der Ventilnadel 4 übertragen.The stroke of the actuator 3 is transmitted, for example via the head part 30, the piston rod 29, the piston 25 and the coupler gap 26 on the cylinder 23 of the hydraulic coupler 9 on the valve stem 7 of the valve needle 4.

Bei zeitlich schnellen auf den hydraulischen Koppler 9 wirkenden Bewegungsvorgängen, wie beispielsweise der Ausdehung des Aktors 3 bei Beschalten mit einer elektrischen Spannung, verhält sich der hydraulische Koppler 9 als extrem steifes Bauteil, da in der kurzen Zeit nur wenig Flüssigkeit aus dem Kopplerspalt 26 durch die Drosselstelle 34 in das Ausgleichsvolumen 31 fließen kann. Da also der Kopplerspalt 26 nahezu konstant bleibt, wird der Hub des Aktors 3 vollständig auf die Ventilnadel 4 übertragen. Bei zeitlich langsamen auf den hydraulischen Koppler 9 wirkenden Bewegungsvorgängen, wie beispielsweise der Dehnung aufgrund von Temperaturänderungen, verkleinert oder vergrößert sich der Kopplerspalt 26, da die Flüssigkeit genügend Zeit hat, über die Drosselstelle 34 aus dem Kopplerspalt 26 heraus- oder in den Kopplerspalt 26 hineinzuströmen.When temporally fast acting on the hydraulic coupler 9 movement processes, such as the extension of the actuator 3 when connected to an electrical voltage, the hydraulic coupler 9 behaves as an extremely rigid component, since in the short time only little liquid from the coupler gap 26 through the Throttle 34 can flow into the compensating volume 31. Thus, since the coupler gap 26 remains almost constant, the stroke of the actuator 3 is completely transferred to the valve needle 4. With slow motion acting on the hydraulic coupler 9, such as stretching due to temperature changes, the coupler gap 26 decreases or increases because the liquid has enough time to flow out of the coupler gap 26 via the orifice 34 or into the coupler gap 26 ,

Bei der Hubübertragung wird auf die Flüssigkeit im Kopplerspalt 26 ein Druck ausgeübt, so dass ein geringer Teil der Flüssigkeit über die Drosselstelle 34 in das Ausgleichsvolumen 31 entweicht. Die beim Hub des Aktors 3 aus dem Kopplerspalt 26 entwichene Leckagemenge muss dem Kopplerspalt 26 jeweils zwischen zwei aufeinanderfolgenden Hüben des Aktors 3 wieder zugeführt werden, damit sich der Kopplerspalt 26 nicht allmählich entleert. Da die Zeitabstände zwischen zwei Hüben abhängig vom Betriebszustand der Brennkraftmaschine sehr kurz sein können, wird ein möglichst hoher Druck in dem Ausgleichsvolumen 31 zur schnellen Wiederbefüllung des Kopplerspaltes 26 benötigt. Der Druck in dem Ausgleichsvolumen 31 wird beispielsweise mittels einer Druckfeder 36 erhöht, die komprimierend auf das Ausgleichsvolumen 31 wirkt. Die Druckfeder 36 ist beispielsweise zwischen dem Kopfteil 30 und dem Ausgleichsvolumen 31 eingespannt.During the stroke transmission, a pressure is exerted on the liquid in the coupler gap 26, so that a small part of the liquid escapes via the throttling point 34 into the equalizing volume 31. The leakage amount escaped from the coupler gap 26 during the stroke of the actuator 3 must be returned to the coupler gap 26 in each case between two successive strokes of the actuator 3, so that the coupler gap 26 is not gradually emptied. Since the time intervals between two strokes can be very short depending on the operating state of the internal combustion engine, the highest possible pressure in the compensation volume 31 is required for rapid refilling of the coupler gap 26. The pressure in the compensating volume 31 is increased, for example, by means of a compression spring 36, which acts compressively on the compensating volume 31. The compression spring 36 is clamped for example between the head part 30 and the compensating volume 31.

Das Ventilgehäuse 1 ist auf der dem Eingangskanal 2 zugewandten Stirnseite von einem ersten Gehäusedeckel 38 und auf der der Ventilnadel 4 zugewandten Stirnseite von einem zweiten Gehäusedeckel 39 dicht verschlossen. Der erste Gehäusedeckel 38 verschließt beispielsweise auch die dem Eingangskanal 2 zugewandte Stirnseite des Aktorgehäuses 14. Der erste Gehäusedeckel 38 weist beispielsweise den Eingangskanal 2 und einen nicht dargestellten elektrischen Anschlussstecker zur elektrischen Kontaktierung des Aktors 3 auf.The valve housing 1 is on the front side facing the input channel 2 of a first housing cover 38 and on the valve needle 4 facing end side of a second housing cover 39 sealed. The first housing cover 38 closes, for example, the input channel 2 facing the front side of the actuator housing 14. The first housing cover 38 has, for example, the input channel 2 and an electrical connector, not shown, for electrical contacting of the actuator 3.

Der Kopplerspalt 26 ist bei der Montage des Brennstoffeinspritzventils auf ein vorbestimmtes kleines Spaltmaß einzustellen, um Hubverluste im Kopplerspalt 26 zu verringern. Die Hubverluste im Kopplerspalt 26 können durch kleine Leckagemengen, die den Kopplerspalt 26 über die Drosselstelle 34 in Richtung Ausgleichsvolumen 31 verlassen, und durch Kompressibilität der Flüssigkeit in dem Kopplerspalt 26 entstehen.The coupler gap 26 is to be set to a predetermined small clearance when mounting the fuel injector to reduce lift losses in the coupler gap 26. The Hubverluste in the coupler gap 26 can by small leakage quantities, the Leave coupler gap 26 via the throttle point 34 in the direction of the compensating volume 31, and caused by compressibility of the liquid in the coupler gap 26.

Erfindungsgemäß ist in einem Einstellkanal 43 des Ventilgehäuses 1 ein Einstellmittel 42 befestigt, das derart auf den hydraulischen Koppler 9 wirkt, dass ein vorbestimmter Kopplerspalt 26 eingestellt ist. Das Einstellmittel 42 ist beispielsweise in einem der Ventilnadel 4 gegenüberliegenden Abschnitt des Ventilgehäuses 1 angeordnet ist, der auch den Eingangskanal 2 aufweist.According to the invention, an adjustment means 42 is mounted in an adjustment channel 43 of the valve housing 1, which acts on the hydraulic coupler 9 such that a predetermined coupler gap 26 is set. The adjusting means 42 is arranged for example in a valve needle 4 opposite portion of the valve housing 1, which also has the input channel 2.

Der Kopplerspalt 26 wird beispielsweise auf ein Spaltmaß im Bereich zwischen XX und YY Mikrometer eingestellt.The coupler gap 26 is set, for example, to a gap in the range between XX and YY microns.

Der Eingangskanal 2 im ersten Gehäusedeckel 38 hat beispielsweise einen ersten Kanalabschnitt 2.1, der zentrisch bezüglich der Ventilachse 21 angeordnet ist und geradlinig in Richtung der Ventilachse 21 verläuft, und einen zweiten Kanalabschnitt 2.2, der von dem ersten Kanalabschnitt 2.1 abzweigt und in den Innenraum 1.1 außerhalb des Aktorgehäuses 14 mündet, beispielsweise in den ersten Ringspalt 19.The input channel 2 in the first housing cover 38 has, for example, a first channel section 2.1, which is arranged centrically with respect to the valve axis 21 and runs rectilinearly in the direction of the valve axis 21, and a second channel section 2.2 which branches off from the first channel section 2.1 and into the interior 1.1 outside the actuator housing 14 opens, for example, in the first annular gap 19th

Das Einstellmittel 42 ist in dem Einstellkanal 43 befestigt und hat in dem Einstellkanal 43 eine definierte axiale Position, die für die Lebensdauer des Brennstoffeinspritzventil unverändert bleibt. Der Einstellkanal 43 verläuft in dem ersten Gehäusedeckel 38 von dem ersten Kanalabschnitt 2.1 ausgehend in Richtung der Ventilachse 21 und mündet in den Aktorraum 14.1 des Aktorgehäuses 14. Der Durchmesser des Einstellkanals 43 ist kleiner als der Durchmesser des ersten Kanalabschnitts 2.1 des Eingangskanals 2.The adjustment means 42 is mounted in the adjustment channel 43 and has in the adjustment channel 43 a defined axial position, which remains unchanged for the life of the fuel injection valve. The adjustment channel 43 extends in the first housing cover 38 from the first channel section 2.1, starting in the direction of the valve axis 21 and opens into the actuator chamber 14.1 of the actuator housing 14. The diameter of the adjustment channel 43 is smaller than the diameter of the first channel section 2.1 of the input channel. 2

Das Einstellmittel 42 ist erfindungsgemäß beispielsweise ein Bolzen, ein Stift oder eine Schraube.The adjusting means 42 according to the invention, for example, a bolt, a pin or a screw.

Das Einstellmittel 42 ist formschlüssig und/oder kraftschlüssig und/oder stoffschlüssig mit einer Wandung des Einstellkanals 43 verbunden, beispielsweise in den Einstellkanal 43 gepresst, geschraubt, geschweißt, geklemmt und/oder geklebt. Auf diese Weise ist das Einstellmittel 42 nach der Montage fest und ohne äußere Einwirkung in axialer Richtung unbeweglich in dem Einstellkanal 43 angeordnet.The adjusting means 42 is positively and / or non-positively and / or materially connected to a wall of the adjustment channel 43, for example, pressed into the adjustment channel 43, screwed, welded, clamped and / or glued. In this way, the adjustment means 42 is fixedly mounted in the adjustment channel 43 after assembly, and without external action in the axial direction.

Bei einer Schraube als Einstellmittel 42 weist der Einstellkanal 43 ein Gewinde auf.In a screw as adjusting 42, the adjustment channel 43 has a thread.

Das Einstellmittel 42 ist beispielsweise aus Keramik, Sintermaterial oder Metall, beispielsweise Stahl, hergestellt. Ein aus Keramik oder Sintermaterial gefertigtes Einstellmittel 42 hat den Vorteil, dass es Geräusche und Schwingungen schlecht leitet und auf diese Weise die vom Aktor 3 ausgehende Geräuschentwicklung in gedämpfter Weise an das Ventilgehäuse 1 weiterleitet.The adjusting means 42 is for example made of ceramic, sintered material or metal, for example steel. An adjustment means 42 made of ceramic or sintered material has the advantage that it conducts noise and vibrations poorly and in this way forwards the noise emission emanating from the actuator 3 in a damped manner to the valve housing 1.

Das Einstellmittel 42 wird bei der Montage in den ersten Kanalabschnitt 2.1 eingeschoben und durch ein Werkzeug vom ersten Kanalabschnitt 2.1 aus in den Einstellkanal 43 um eine vorbestimmte Einschublänge eingeführt, beispielsweise eingepresst, wobei der Durchmesser des Einstellmittels 42 größer ist als der Durchmesser des Einstellkanals 43.The adjusting means 42 is inserted during assembly in the first channel section 2.1 and introduced by a tool from the first channel section 2.1 in the adjustment channel 43 by a predetermined insertion length, for example, pressed, wherein the diameter of the adjusting means 42 is greater than the diameter of the adjustment channel 43rd

Das Einführen des Einstellmittels 42 in den Einstellkanal 43 erfolgt beispielsweise in zwei Schritten, wobei das Einstellmittel 42 im ersten Schritt um die vorbestimmte Einschublänge in den Einstellkanal 43 bis zum Anliegen an dem Aktor 3 oder an dem hydraulischen Koppler 9 bewegt wird. Im zweiten Schritt wird das Einstellmittel 42 um eine weitere, vorher ermittelte Einschublänge in Richtung des Ventilsitzes 10 bewegt. Auf diese Weise ist das Einstellen des Kopplerspaltes 26 unabhängig von Toleranzabweichungen am Brennstoffeinspritzventil.The insertion of the adjusting means 42 in the adjustment channel 43 takes place, for example, in two steps, wherein the adjusting means 42 is moved in the first step by the predetermined insertion length in the adjustment channel 43 to abut against the actuator 3 or on the hydraulic coupler. In the second step, the adjusting means 42 is moved in the direction of the valve seat 10 by a further, previously determined insertion length. In this way, the adjustment of the coupler gap 26 is independent of tolerance deviations at the fuel injection valve.

Das Einstellmittel 42 ragt durch den Einstellkanal 43 in das Aktorgehäuse 14 und reicht bis an den Aktor 3 oder den hydraulischen Koppler 9, beispielsweise den Aktor 3. Das Einstellmittel 42 ragt mit einer vorbestimmten Überstehlänge in den Aktorraum 14 und übt entgegen der Federkraft der Druckfeder 36 des hydraulischen Kopplers 9 eine vorbestimmte Druckkraft auf den Aktor 3 und den hydraulischen Koppler 9 aus, die größer ist als die Federkraft der Druckfeder 36 und daher den Kolben 25 des hydraulischen Kopplers 9 in Richtung des Topfbodens 24 des hydraulischen Kopplers 9 drückt, so dass Flüssigkeit aus dem Kopplerspalt 26 durch die Drosselstelle 34 in das Ausgleichsvolumen 31 verdrängt wird und sich der Kopplerspalt 26 auf ein vorbestimmtes Maß einstellt.The adjusting means 42 projects through the adjusting channel 43 into the actuator housing 14 and extends to the actuator 3 or the hydraulic coupler 9, for example the actuator 3. The adjusting means 42 projects with a predetermined Überstehlänge in the actuator chamber 14 and exerts against the spring force of the compression spring 36th of the hydraulic coupler 9 from a predetermined pressure force on the actuator 3 and the hydraulic coupler 9, which is greater than the spring force of the compression spring 36 and therefore the piston 25 of the hydraulic coupler 9 in the direction of the pot bottom 24 of the hydraulic coupler 9 presses, so that liquid is displaced from the coupler gap 26 through the throttle 34 in the compensating volume 31 and the coupler gap 26 is set to a predetermined level.

Die Druckkraft der Druckfeder 36 versucht entgegen der Kraft des Einstellmittels 42 Flüssigkeit aus dem Ausgleichsvolumen 31 über die Drosselstelle 34 in den Kopplerspalt 26 zu drücken, den Kolben 25 auf diese Weise in vom Topfboden 24 abgewandter Richtung zu bewegen, das Maß des Kopplerspaltes 26 und damit die Längserstreckung des hydraulischen Kopplers 9 zu vergrößern.The pressure force of the compression spring 36 tries to press against the force of the adjusting means 42 liquid from the compensating volume 31 through the throttle 34 in the coupler gap 26 to move the piston 25 in this way in the pot bottom 24 facing away from the measure of the coupler gap 26 and thus to increase the longitudinal extent of the hydraulic coupler 9.

Der Aktor 3 und der hydraulische Koppler 9 sind zwischen dem Einstellmittel 42 und der Ventilnadel 4 eingespannt und gelagert, beispielsweise kardanisch. Das Einstellmittel 42 und die Ventilnadel 4 sind zur Ausbildung einer kardanischen Lagerung beispielsweise an dem dem Aktorraum 14.1 zugewandten Ende abgerundet und/oder konisch ausgeführt.The actuator 3 and the hydraulic coupler 9 are clamped between the adjusting means 42 and the valve needle 4 and stored, for example gimbal. The adjusting means 42 and the valve needle 4 are rounded to form a cardanic bearing, for example, at the end facing the actuator chamber 14.1 and / or tapered.

Für eine leichtere Montage sind der Aktor 3 und der hydraulische Koppler 9 beispielsweise fest miteinander verbunden, beispielsweise miteinander verschweißt, verlötet verklebt oder ähnliches.For easier assembly of the actuator 3 and the hydraulic coupler 9, for example, firmly connected to each other, for example, welded together, soldered glued or the like.

Um beispielsweise bei einem Einpressen des Einstellmittels 42 einen möglichst festen Sitz des Einstellmittels 42 in dem Einstellkanal 43 zu erzielen, weist das Einstellmittel 42 beispielsweise einen oder mehrere zueinander axial beabstandete ringförmige Nuten 44 auf. Darüber hinaus ist eine vorbestimmte in axialer Richtung gemessene Kanallänge des Einstellkanals 43 zur Erreichung einer Mindestpressung erforderlich. Alternativ kann das Einstellmittel 42 auch topfförmig hohl und zum ersten Kanalabschnitt 2.1 hin offen ausgebildet sein (wie beispielsweise gestrichelt dargestellt ist), so dass der Druck des Kraftstoffs des ersten Kanalabschnitts 2.1 das Einstellmittel 42 radial nach außen an die Wandung des Einstellkanal 43 presst.For example, in order to achieve as tight a fit of the adjusting means 42 in the adjustment channel 43 when pressing in the adjusting means 42, the adjusting means 42, for example, one or more mutually axially spaced annular grooves 44. In addition, a predetermined measured in the axial direction channel length of the adjustment channel 43 to achieve a minimum pressure is required. Alternatively, the adjustment means 42 may also be cup-shaped hollow and open towards the first channel section 2.1 (as shown for example by dashed lines), so that the pressure of the fuel of the first channel section 2.1 presses the adjustment means 42 radially outward against the wall of the adjustment channel 43.

Die Einstellung des Kopplerspaltes 26 erfolgt beispielsweise in einem letzten Montageschritt nach der Montage des Aktors 3 und des hydraulischen Kopplers 9 in dem Aktorgehäuse 14, nach der Montage des Aktorgehäuses 14, der Ventilnadel 4 und der Rückstellfeder 18 in dem Ventilgehäuse 1, und nach dem stirnseitigen Verschließen des Ventilgehäuses 1 mit den Gehäusedeckeln 38,39. Auf diese Weise wird vermieden, dass der Kopplerspalt 26 durch nachfolgende Montageschritte wieder verstellt werden könnte.The setting of the coupler gap 26 takes place, for example, in a final assembly step after the assembly of the actuator 3 and the hydraulic coupler 9 in the actuator housing 14, after assembly of the actuator housing 14, the valve needle 4 and the return spring 18 in the valve housing 1, and after the frontal Closing the valve housing 1 with the housing covers 38,39. In this way it is avoided that the coupler gap 26 could be adjusted again by subsequent assembly steps.

Claims (12)

  1. Fuel injection valve with a valve housing in which an actuator acting on a valve needle and an elongation-compensating hydraulic coupler are provided, the hydraulic coupler having a cylinder, a piston moveable axially in the cylinder and a coupler gap which is provided between the piston and the cylinder and which is filled with a fluid and remains virtually constant during stroke transmission, characterized in that, in a setting duct (43) of the valve housing (1), a setting means (42) is fastened, which acts on the hydraulic coupler (9) in such a way that a predetermined coupler gap (26) is set.
  2. Fuel injection valve according to Claim 1, characterized in that the setting means (42) is a bolt, a pin or a screw.
  3. Fuel injection valve according to Claim 1, characterized in that the actuator (3) and the hydraulic coupler (9) are arranged in an actuator space (14.1), and the valve housing (1) has a setting duct (43) which issues into the actuator space (14.1) and in which the setting means (42) is arranged.
  4. Fuel injection valve according to Claim 3, characterized in that the setting duct (43) is provided in a first housing cover (38) which closes the valve housing (1) on the end face.
  5. Fuel injection valve according to Claim 3, characterized in that the setting means (42) is connected positively, non-positively and/or materially integrally to a wall of the setting duct (43).
  6. Fuel injection valve according to Claim 3, characterized in that the setting means (42) is pressed, screwed, welded, soldered, clamped or glued into the setting duct (43).
  7. Fuel injection valve according to Claim 2, characterized in that the bolt or the pin has at least one annular groove (44) on the circumference.
  8. Fuel injection valve according to Claim 2, characterized in that the setting means (42) is produced from ceramic or steel.
  9. Fuel injection valve according to Claim 1, characterized in that the actuator (3) and the hydraulic coupler (9) are mounted between the setting means (42) and a valve needle (4).
  10. Fuel injection valve according to Claim 1, characterized in that the setting means (42) is designed to be rounded and/or conical at an end facing an actuator space (14.1).
  11. Fuel injection valve according to Claim 1, characterized in that the setting means (42) is arranged in a portion of the valve housing (1) which lies opposite the valve needle (4).
  12. Fuel injection valve according to Claim 1, characterized in that the actuator (3) and the hydraulic coupler (9) are connected to one another in one piece.
EP20050101642 2004-05-04 2005-03-03 Fuel injection valve Expired - Fee Related EP1593841B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102004021921 2004-05-04
DE200410021921 DE102004021921A1 (en) 2004-05-04 2004-05-04 Fuel injector

Publications (2)

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EP1593841A1 EP1593841A1 (en) 2005-11-09
EP1593841B1 true EP1593841B1 (en) 2007-10-17

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EP20050101642 Expired - Fee Related EP1593841B1 (en) 2004-05-04 2005-03-03 Fuel injection valve

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DE (2) DE102004021921A1 (en)

Families Citing this family (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102006018026B4 (en) * 2006-04-19 2014-08-14 Robert Bosch Gmbh Fuel injector
EP1865194B1 (en) * 2006-06-06 2010-01-06 Continental Automotive GmbH Method for adjusting an injection valve
EP1876349B1 (en) * 2006-07-07 2016-05-18 Continental Automotive GmbH Method for calibrating an injector
DE102007026891A1 (en) * 2007-06-11 2008-12-18 Robert Bosch Gmbh Control valve, in particular for a fuel injector of an internal combustion engine
DE102009045009A1 (en) 2009-09-25 2011-03-31 Robert Bosch Gmbh Injection valve for liquid, particularly for fuel, comprises connection piece for closing valve housing, where inflow channel is formed in connection piece that is sub-divided in upper part and lower part
DE102009045836A1 (en) 2009-10-20 2011-04-21 Robert Bosch Gmbh Fuel injection valve for installation into cylinder head of internal-combustion engine, has seat carrier including external thread, and screwed ring supporting axial stop formed at valve seat carrier in screwing position
DE102011081343A1 (en) 2011-08-22 2013-02-28 Robert Bosch Gmbh Valve for metering a flowing medium
DE102012202909A1 (en) * 2012-02-27 2013-08-29 Robert Bosch Gmbh Valve for metering fluid
DE102013204105A1 (en) 2013-03-11 2014-09-11 Robert Bosch Gmbh Valve for metering fluid
DE102022206220A1 (en) * 2022-06-22 2023-12-28 Robert Bosch Gesellschaft mit beschränkter Haftung Fuel valve for metered delivery of fuel

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4022166A (en) * 1975-04-03 1977-05-10 Teledyne Industries, Inc. Piezoelectric fuel injector valve
US6564777B2 (en) * 1999-10-15 2003-05-20 Westport Research Inc. Directly actuated injection valve with a composite needle
DE19950760A1 (en) * 1999-10-21 2001-04-26 Bosch Gmbh Robert Fuel injection valve esp. for fuel injection systems of IC engines with piezo-electric or magneto-strictive actuator and valve closing body operable by valve needle working with valve
EP1325225B1 (en) * 2000-10-11 2007-08-08 Siemens VDO Automotive Corporation Compensator assembly for a fuel injector

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DE502005001701D1 (en) 2007-11-29
EP1593841A1 (en) 2005-11-09

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