EP1591174B1 - Bending device for bar and tube-shaped workpieces - Google Patents

Abstract

The machine has a bending head (2) with a bending mandrel (7) that is mounted on a rotational axis and rotatable by a rotary drive. A clamping device (3) presses a workpiece to be bent against a forming groove on the bending mandrel. The clamping device has a tensioning block (18) that is attached to a holding unit (20) that carries the workpiece. The holding unit is attached to a drive device on a carrier piece.

Description

The invention relates to a bending device for rod and tubular workpieces, wherein the bending device comprises a bending head with a mounted on a rotation axis, rotatable by a rotary drive mandrel and with a clamping device for pressing the workpiece to be bent against a forming groove on the mandrel, wherein the Bending head further comprises a feed device for the workpiece to be machined and the clamping device is movable relative to the mandrel and also 'concentric with the axis of rotation of the bending mandrel is pivotable.

Such bending devices are used in modern bending machines for rod-like workpieces and for prefabricated cables with mainly larger cross-sections.

In this case, the bending device is composed of several units, which allow especially in tubular workpieces with thin wall thicknesses by their interaction a good bending result.

Ideally, a bending device should be able to meet a number of specific requirements by performing the following functions: left and right bending, drawing and roll bending, winding, creating a bend without an intermediate straight piece directly after another bend, producing different bending radii, bend different pipe diameters, prevent wrinkles, bend in three dimensions and enable easy conversion.

There are bending devices with bending heads known to switch from left to right winds z. B. must be rotated (see. EP 1 226 887 B1 . EP 1 291 094 B1 and EP 1 350 578 A1 ) or which are constructed symmetrically ( WO 03/053 606 A1 ). Likewise, the possibility of changing a bending head for such a conversion is known.

Also state of the art is the use of multi-stage tools for generating different bending radii and for processing different workpiece diameter, as well as the use of mold jaws for producing successive bends without intermediate straight piece (see. EP 1 350 578 A1 and WO 03/053 606 A1 ). The use of a slide for supporting and tracking the material is known (see. EP 1 291 094 . EP 0 963 800 B1 and US 6,651,475 ).

The WO 2004/000479 A1 describes a bending device of the type mentioned, which can be used for both left and right bending, without causing the bending mandrel would have to be replaced. This is formed substantially circular and provided with two axially offset from each other on him, provided circular shape grooves, one of which is used in the left bending and the other in the right bending. However, at each of the forming grooves at the point at which the bent pipe with its free end again runs tangentially out of the annular groove during tube bending, a corresponding molded part is attached, which in turn has a rectilinear form-groove section which extends tangentially away from the corresponding shaping groove that a rectilinearly tangent of the bend running tail of the pipe to be bent is located in this Formnutabschnitt. For bending, the delivered by a feeder tube by means of a clamping device which is movable relative to the mandrel against the corresponding, from the respective mold groove tangentially running Formnutabschnitt of the fitting is applied and pressed, after which clamped with clamping tube together with the bending mandrel concentric to the axis of rotation the latter is pivoted until the pipe is bent correspondingly behind the rectilinear form-groove section in the adjoining annular groove during the rotation. Thereafter, the tensioning device is moved away from the bending mandrel and taken out of the bent tube in its bent portion from the forming groove of the bending mandrel and in its straight-line end portion from the Formnutabschnitt of the fitting.

Should then z. B. the same tube still receive a bend in the other direction, which should connect approximately directly to the first bend, the already bent pipe section is spent on the other side of the mandrel and there to the altitude of the other form of groove on the mandrel. At the same time, the tensioning device is pivoted about the axis of rotation of the bending mandrel and relatively so far around it, that it is placed on the other side and between it and the bending mandrel there again the pipe is present. Thereafter, the tube is again between clamping device and bending mandrel (there again in one on the other Formnut correspondingly attached fitting with a straight running, tangentially out of the form of the bending mandrel Formnutabschnitt clamped and then generated by a common rotation of clamping device and mandrel about the axis of rotation of the mandrel, this time in the opposite direction, the new bend on the pipe.

Since two axially offset forming grooves are provided for the left and right bending on the mandrel, each of which still a fitting is associated with the rectilinear Formnutabschnitt, and there (due to the different bending direction) the two fittings, albeit at different altitudes , projecting in opposite direction straight from the mandrel, according to the clamping device, since they must work together in their Verschwenkstellungen for the two Biegerungen each with one of the forming grooves and the associated mold section at different altitudes, also according to the different level arranged forming grooves for pressing the tube have against the mandrel and its mold sections. This requires geometrically that the corresponding mold grooves also, as well as the fittings on the mandrel, must be next to each other, resulting in a complicated structure and a relatively large width of the clamping device, but is unfavorable in view of the desired in such bending devices compact design. The same applies to the wrinkle smoother used there in the form of longer, the clamping device, seen in the feed direction of the tube, each directly upstream guide rails with a corresponding form of groove for conditioning of the wire. Again, because of the different altitude of the forming grooves on the mandrel in terms of the left and right bending two different smoothing strips must be used, pointing in opposite directions, there form each form a groove and must be moved to correspondingly large travels next to the sliding mandrel , Again, this is undesirable space consuming. The document is also silent on how the relative movement of the clamping device is realized with respect to the mandrel, from the figure representations of the document, however, recognizable displacement is made along a mounted on the underside of the clamping device and this form-fitting overlapped guide bar, which is quite obviously a there but no longer described linear actuator must be used.

Proceeding from this, the invention is based on the object to improve such a bending device such that the clamping device requires a particularly small footprint and for the linear movement of the clamping device no separate linear adjustment motor is required.

According to the invention this is achieved in a bending device of the type mentioned in that the clamping device is connected to two independent rotary actuators, one of which serves to perform their pivotal movement about the axis of rotation of the mandrel and the other they with the interposition of a conversion gear, the rotational movement in a linear movement, opposite to the mandrel is movable, wherein the bending mandrel for transmitting the drive of the three rotary drives to the mandrel, to the transfer gear and the clamping device comprises three concentric nested rotary shafts, each of which is connected to one of the rotary drives.

Preferably, the innermost rotary shaft carries the bending mandrel situated at the very top of the bending head, while, more preferably, the central rotating shaft drives the transfer gear mounted on the bending head below the bending mandrel to produce the linear movement for the clamping device, wherein preferably the outer rotary shaft is arranged with one below the transfer gear Holding plate is rotatably connected, on which the clamping device is mounted displaceably in a direction towards the bending mandrel.

In the bending device according to the invention is characterized in that the linear adjustment of the tensioning device is derived from a rotary drive (with the interposition of a transfer gearbox), created the possibility to transmit the three rotary actuators via three concentric rotating shafts to the desired parts and thereby a particularly compact Overall design for the bending head to achieve, the integration of such a transfer gear in the overall structure of the three nested waves in the context of the bending head can be easily realized. The need to use a separate, extra outside to be arranged linear drive is avoided. The control of the motors for the three rotary actuators z. B. carried out via a program control, and especially the implementation of a rotary motion on the transfer gear in the linear movement of the clamping device relative to the mandrel can be made very quickly and accurately. In this case, the setting of a desired pressure force with which the clamping device presses the wire against the forming groove in the mandrel, problem-free possible.

As a conversion gear any suitable structural design can be provided for this purpose. However, particularly preferably, the transfer gear comprises a Nutenscheibe with a trained in this, to its axis of rotation eccentric groove into which engages a fixed to the clamping device, the cross-sectional shape of the groove corresponding mold body, which is displaceable in the groove and its distance from the axis of rotation of the Nutenscheibe a rotation of the groove disc is changeable. This can be done as part of a Art Slotted guide by the rotational movement of the grooved disc quickly causes a corresponding linear adjustment of the clamping device, the drive is not only very ptatzsparend, but the adjustment movements can also be performed very quickly.

In this case, the clamping device preferably has a non-rotatably mounted on the Nutenscheibe with this mounting means and a clamping bracket, which is mounted displaceably in a mounted on the mounting device linear guide and on which the engaging in the groove in the Nutenscheibe shaped body is attached. This results in a very effective and yet simple construction for the transfer gear.

In this case, the clamping block is advantageously provided with an interchangeable attached to him jaws, in which one of the position of the forming groove in the bending head arranged appropriately, the shape of the workpiece to be clamped adapted shape groove is attached. As a result, in a simple manner only by replacing the clamping jaw, the shape of the shaping groove can be adapted to its changed shape dimensions when the workpiece to be bent is changed.

Most preferably, the clamping block is mounted on a support member which carries the molded body and is above this in engagement with the linear guide, wherein, again preferred, this support member in turn sits on a support member on which it is perpendicular to the orientation of the linear guide in a direction adjustably mounted and on which the molding is mounted for sliding engagement with the linear guide. In this case, the support element on the support part is particularly preferably connected to a drive device for adjustment with respect thereto.

For a total of a very compact overall structure for the clamping device is achieved, which is also associated with a relatively small footprint.

It is particularly recommended in a bending device according to the invention, when the clamping device, seen in the feed direction of the workpiece, nor a Faltenglätter is immediately upstream, can be avoided by the wrinkling of the workpiece to be bent, especially in the work piece area upstream of the bend. This prevents that to be bent z. B. Pipe material during bending process folds or tears. Any suitable configuration can be provided for the wrinkle smoother, but particularly preferably it has sliding jaws which can be applied against the workpiece to be bent.

For controlling the three different rotary drives and possibly further drive devices (for example for adjusting the mounting element on the support part), a program control device is advantageously provided.

Another preferred embodiment of the bending device according to the invention also consists in that a further drive means is provided by the bending head in two mutually perpendicular, in each case to the feed direction of the workpiece to be bent in turn perpendicular directions, resulting in the possibility of the bending head under the Lowered by a chuck and projecting from this pipe (possibly already with a bend at one end portion) down, below the same on the other side over and then back up to turn the workpiece in the other bending direction, where in this case, then only the clamping device swung around by 180 ° and also the bending mandrel with the mounted on its opposite side of the molding groove must be spent in correct orientation to him then facing tube side. Everything can be here, with the exception of the lowering and the lateral displacement movement and the startup of the bending head, otherwise achieve with rotational movements of the mandrel or the clamping device (about the same axis of rotation as the mandrel), in which case again the linear movement of the clamping device against the mandrel over the third rotary drive, as before, can be generated (in which case only the reversing gear must also be rotated in a rotated position by 180 °).

A further advantageous embodiment of the bending device according to the invention also consists in that on the side of the workpiece on which the clamping device is arranged, this is preceded by a fixed guide roller for the workpiece instead of a Faltenglätters, which may be arranged so that they, if desired , even with a certain pressure against the corresponding side of the workpiece can press.

Also, a preferred embodiment of the invention also consists in that the bending mandrel as well as the clamping jaws of the clamping block is in the form of a role with a guide groove for abutment against the facing side of the workpiece to be bent, resulting in a further simplified structural design of the bending device according to the invention results in a particularly compact design. If then, again preferred, the wrinkle smoother has at least two in the feed direction of the workpiece to be bent successively arranged pressure rollers (instead of the sliders), then so that a bending device according to the invention is provided, with which it is possible, even in Wind method to produce the desired bend. Depending on the relative position of the roller of the clamping block to the mandrel bending radius produced on the workpiece can be continuously changed by the clamping device, whereby a production of elliptical, oval or spiral bends is possible.

In the bending device according to the invention, any suitable form of a bending mandrel can be used, such. B. in the form of a circular roller with a corresponding circumferential mold groove. Particularly preferred, however, the bending mandrel is formed so that it, viewed parallel to its pivot axis, a non-rotationally symmetrical, but symmetrical to a perpendicular to the axis of rotation and extending through this central axis has symmetrical shape, wherein the bending mandrel attached to the forming groove for abutment against one side of the workpiece to be bent, seen relative to this longitudinal central axis, on both sides of the bending mandrel is also symmetrical to each other. Such a configuration results in a particularly preferred usable mandrel, which must not be rotated by about 180 °, but only by a small angle when changing the bending direction. Overall, the bending device according to the invention of very compact and space-saving design, can be readily used for right bending as well as left-hand bending, where always also the advantage is given that the rotary shafts for mandrel, transfer gear and tensioning device, the corresponding movements of these individual facilities by pure rotational movements, in addition to an identical central axis (because of the concentrically arranged transmission waves) can cause. This allows a particularly rapid and accurate control of the individual movements independently.

The bending device according to the invention is very compact and allows a large freedom from bending, namely both small distances between successive bends as well as small distances of the bends from the ends of the prefabricated pipe workpieces, with a gentle material treatment can be ensured. In this case, it is also possible to build the bending tools used in several stages, so as to be able to shape both different bending radii, as well as different pipe material diameter with a tool. The many realized in the invention degrees of freedom of the device allow optimal adjustability to the particular circumstances, such. B. pipe diameter, wall thickness, material or bending radius.

• Fig. 1 eine perspektivische Schrägansicht auf eine erfindungsgemäße Biegevorrichtung;
• Fig. 2 eine (teilweise prinzipielle) Schnittdarstellung gemäß einer Lage der Schnittebene senkrecht zur Zuführrichtung des zu bearbeitenden Werkstücks und durch die gemeinsame Drehachse der drei konzentrisch ineinander angeordneten Drehwellen;
• Fig. 3 eine perspektivische Explosionsdarstellung des oberen Abschnitts des Biegekopfes bei einer erfindungsgemäßen Biegevorrichtung;
• Fig. 4 die in Fig. 3 dargestellten Teile in zusammengebautem Zustand (teilweise geschnitten);
• Fig. 5 eine (prinzipiell dargestellte) Draufsicht auf einen erfindungsgemäßen Biegekopf mit eingelegtem Rohr;
• Fig. 6 die Darstellung aus Fig. 5, jedoch mit angelegter Spanneinrichtung .und angelegtem Faltenglätter;
• Fig. 7 die Draufsicht gemäß Fig. 6, jedoch nach Durchführung der Biegung des Rohres um 90°;
• Fig. 8 eine prinzipielle Draufsicht auf einen Biegekopf wie in den Fig. 5 bis 7, hier jedoch in der Ausgangsposition für ein Biegen in der gegenüber den Darstellungen der Fig. 5 bis 7 anderen Biegerichtung (mit oben liegendem Rohrwerkstück und nach unten gefahrenem Biegekopf);
• Fig.9 die Darstellung aus Fig. 8 mit in Richtung auf die andere Seite verfahrenem Gleitbacken des Faltenglätters und verdrehten Führungsbacken desselben;
• Fig. 10 die Darstellung aus Fig. 9, jedoch mit in die endgültige seitliche Lage auf der gegenüberliegenden Seite versetztem Gleitbacken des Faltenglätters und um nahezu 180° verdrehten Führungsbacken desselben;
• Fig. 11 eine Draufsicht auf den Biegekopf der Fig. 8 bis 1.0 mit angefahrener Spanneinrichtung, ausgerichteten Biegedorn und herangefahrenem Faltenglätter;
• Fig. 12 eine schräge Perspektivansicht einer erfindungsgemäßen Biegevorrichtung in der Stellung, die in Fig. 11 in Draufsicht gezeigt ist;
• Fig. 13 eine perspektivische Schrägansicht zur prinzipiellen Darstellung einer anderen Ausführungsform eines Biegekopfes bei einer erfindungsgemäßen Biegevorrichtung, und
• Fig. 14 eine Draufsicht auf eine wieder andere Ausführungsform eines Biegekopfes bei einer erfindungsgemäßen Biegevorrichtung, die zur Herstellung der Biegung des Rohrwerkstücks durch Winden geeignet ist.

The invention will be explained in more detail by way of example with reference to the drawing in principle. Show it:

• Fig. 1 an oblique perspective view of a bending device according to the invention;
• Fig. 2 a (partially schematic) sectional view according to a position of the cutting plane perpendicular to the feed direction of the workpiece to be machined and through the common axis of rotation of the three concentric nested rotary shafts;
• Fig. 3 an exploded perspective view of the upper portion of the bending head in a bending device according to the invention;
• Fig. 4 in the Fig. 3 shown parts in assembled condition (partially cut);
• Fig. 5 a (shown in principle) plan view of a bending head according to the invention with inserted tube;
• Fig. 6 the presentation Fig. 5 , but with applied clamping device .and applied wrinkle smoother;
• Fig. 7 the top view according to Fig. 6 but after making the bend of the tube by 90 °;
• Fig. 8 a schematic plan view of a bending head as in the Fig. 5 to 7 However, here in the starting position for a bending in the opposite to the representations of the Fig. 5 to 7 other bending direction (with overhead pipe workpiece and down driven bending head);
• Figure 9 the presentation Fig. 8 with sliding in the direction of the other side sliding jaws of the Faltenglätters and twisted guide jaws thereof;
• Fig. 10 the presentation Fig. 9 , but with the sliding jaw of the Faltenglätters displaced in the final lateral position on the opposite side and of the guide jaws twisted by almost 180 ° thereof;
• Fig. 11 a plan view of the bending head of Fig. 8 up to 1.0 with extended clamping device, aligned bending mandrel and pulled-up smoothing machine;
• Fig. 12 an oblique perspective view of a bending device according to the invention in the position which in Fig. 11 shown in plan view;
• Fig. 13 a perspective oblique view for illustrating in principle another embodiment of a bending head in a bending device according to the invention, and
• Fig. 14 a top view of yet another embodiment of a bending head in a bending device according to the invention, which is suitable for producing the bending of the tube workpiece by winds.

In the following description of the figures, the representations of the FIGS. 1 to 12 to a first, particularly advantageous embodiment of a bending device, while in Fig. 13 (in oblique perspective view) another embodiment for a bending head in such a bending device and in Fig. 14 a basic plan view of yet another embodiment for a bending head is shown. In all figures, even as far as they relate to modified embodiments, the same reference numerals are used for the same parts.

First, let's look at the FIGS. 1 to 12 received, which represent a first embodiment of a bending device.

So shows Fig. 1 a perspective view (obliquely from the top front) on a bending device 1 just before performing a right bending, while in Fig. 12 the same perspective oblique view of the same bending device 1 is shown, but in the initial state before a left-bending process.

How out Fig. 1 As can be seen, the bending device 1 comprises essentially three important devices, namely a bending head 2 (with a tensioning device 3), a slide rail 4 (as a feeder) and a Faltenglätter 5. These three devices are used to make bends on pre-assembled pipes or tubes 6, in order to achieve a good forming result without wrinkling or cracking on the pipe 6.

The bending device 1 can be moved in its entirety on a horizontal trajectory a and a vertical trajectory b , by means of a suitable (but not shown in the figures) corresponding drive.

The bending head 2 initially consists of a supporting body 2A, on which a bending mandrel 7 rotatable about a central axis M is arranged on top. The side of the mandrel 7 is a tubular workpiece 6 (with a relatively small wall thickness) in a bending mandrel attached there, over three sides of the same extending groove 8, in their groove shape of Shape of the tube 6 is adapted. The tube 6 is fed in the direction c by a (not shown in the figures) transport device, from which it exits via a (also not shown in the figures) collet by means of which it can be kept fixed in position in a certain position at any time. By means of the feeder or the collet, it is also possible to rotate the tube 6 about its longitudinal axis in the direction of rotation d , in both directions of rotation.

As from the sectional view of the Fig. 2 can be taken (sectional view along a sectional plane shows, which is perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the supplied pipe 6 and through the axis of rotation M of the bending mandrel 7 extends), encloses the in Fig. 2 only with a solid line shown in principle supporting body 2A an arrangement of three concentric nested rotary shafts 9 ', 10' and 11 ', which are formed as a concave hollow shafts. The three different hatching in Fig. 2 serve to represent the individual power transmission paths of the three rotary actuators 9, 10, 11 on the associated rotary shafts 9 ', 10', 11 'to the parts to be rotated, each hatching identifies the belonging to a drive train parts.

In this case, each of the rotary shafts 9 ', 10' and 11 'driven by its own rotary drive 9, 10 and 11, wherein the rotary drive 9 sits directly below the central pivot shaft 9 for the mandrel 2, which in turn on upper end of the rotary shaft 9 'with the interposition of a likewise only shown in principle tool holder 7' is attached. The rotary drive 9 drives directly the rotary shaft 9 ', the tool holder 7' and sitting on this bending mandrel 7.

The central rotary shaft 10 'of the concentric rotary shaft arrangement is driven at its lower end by a belt drive 13 by a rotary drive 10 and in turn serves to drive a groove plate 25 "via a rotary flange 10" fastened to it at its upper end, to which reference will be made below.

The outer rotary shaft 11 'of the concentric rotary shaft arrangement is driven by a belt drive 14 by a rotary drive 11. At its upper end a rotatable mounting plate 15 is fixed to it, on which a mounting device 16 is fixed and in which a linear guide 17 is formed, which will be discussed below - the leadership of a linear movement in the direction of the position of the mandrel 7 out (or away from this) allowed for a slide in the linear guide 17 part.

The bending mandrel 7 is laterally associated with a clamping jaws 18 (see. Fig. 1 and 2 and in particular the enlarged representations of 3 and 4 ), which on its the bending mandrel 7 facing side carries an interchangeable jaws 19, in which (as in particular good Fig. 3 can be seen) facing the tube to be bent 6, a shaping groove 28 of the shape of the tube 6 corresponding size is formed.

The clamping block 18 with the clamping jaws 19 is mounted on a support member 20, z. B. fastened with screws, not shown.

The support member 20 sits in turn on a support member 21 and that in the exploded view of Fig. 3 well recognizable manner: on the underside of the support member 20 is a T-shaped, downwardly open mold groove 22, extending transversely to the direction of displacement of the clamping jaw 18, formed, in which a mounted on top of the support member 21 sliding block 21 'with a corresponding T fömigen cross section is positively inserted. This makes it possible to move the support member 20 laterally to the direction of displacement of the clamping bracket 18 on the support member to adjust a very specific relative position of the clamping bracket 18 to the rotary mandrel 7.

On the underside of the support member 21, a molded body in the form of a rotatable roller 23 is mounted, which projects there and in a corresponding mold groove 27 (see. FIGS. 1 to 4 ) intervenes. This roller 25 sits freely rotatable on an anchored in the support member 21 retaining bolt 26th

In addition, the support member 21 is provided with a shape such that it, in particular the Fig. 2 and the partially cut there Fig. 4 show, on its two sides by the there mounted in the mounting device 16 linear or longitudinal guide 17 is guided and is displaceable in the longitudinal direction.

When the grooved disk 25 is rotated by the rotary drive 10 via the belt drive 13 and the rotary shaft 10 ', this means that the form groove 27 eccentrically mounted on the grooved disk 25 shifts the roller 23 engaging in it relative to the rotation axis M by changing its rotational position, which leads via the linear guide 17 to a corresponding displacement movement of the support member 20 and the attached thereto clamping bracket 18 with its clamping jaws 19 in the direction of the rotary mandrel 7 out or away from this.

The support means 16 with the attached to her linear guides 17 in cooperation with the support member 21, which is attached to this over the retaining pin 26 rotatable roller 23 and the Nutenscheibe 25 with the eccentric groove 27 mounted in it form in their interaction a transfer gear 24, that serves the rotational movement of the rotary shaft 10 ', which serves for the displacement of the clamping device 3, in a linear adjustment movement of the holding part 21 (and thus the mounted on this support member 20 and the clamping block 18 with clamping jaws 19) to effect. Characterized in that the support means 16 is mounted on the support plate 15, it is ensured that the linear guides 17 in the support means 16 in a rotation of the groove plate 25 does not rotate when the support plate 15 is not in turn rotated. In this way, the transmission of the rotational movement of the groove plate 5 in a linear movement of the support member 21 and thus the clamping device 3 for clamping the pipe section 6 and its release is ensured. It can be ensured that the clamping device 3 with a desired or predetermined clamping force the pipe section 6 presses against the mandrel 7. In this state, the bending operation can then be carried out while maintaining the clamping of the tubular workpiece 6 to perform the bending operation by a common rotation of the groove plate 25 and the holding plate 15.

Like from the 3 and 4 is particularly well recognizable, sits on top of the support means 16, a fork-shaped cover plate 29, which consists of a front substantially circular section with a circular inner opening for attachment to the upper end of the rotary flange 10 "and starting from this section with two in the longitudinal direction of the support device 16th extending lateral fork legs 30 is provided, each of which rests on the top of a respective side part 33 of the support means 16 and mounted on these fork legs holes 31 which are correspondingly associated holes 32 on the top of the side members 33 by means of screws on these. The lateral fork legs 30 of the cover plate 29 are slightly wider than the respective underlying upper side of a side part 33 and form with the free gap 30 'between them another longitudinal guide for a stepped upper mold portion 21 "of the Tragt eiles 21, so that the latter is guided in its longitudinal movement in the direction of the bending mandrel 7 back or from this back both through this gap 30 'between the fork legs 30, as well as by the attached in the support means 16 longitudinal strips of the linear guide 17. The mounting device 16 is provided at its end facing away from the rotary mandrel 7 with a slightly upwards over the side parts 33 projecting connecting plate 34 which closes off the interior 35, which is present between the side legs 33 and the holding plate 15 in the direction of the mandrel 7 away. At the same time, this connecting plate 34 also serves as an end stop for the supporting part 21 in the sense of a maximally extended position.

How out Fig. 3 It can also be seen, on the underside of each side part 33, a recess 36 is mounted, which makes it possible that through them the Nutenscheibe 25 with the on her formed eccentric groove 27 between the respective side part 33 and the outer periphery of the rotary flange 10 "during rotation of the groove plate 25 can be passed, as in detail from the FIG. 3 and FIG. 4 is apparent, to the representation of which expressly referenced.

The FIGS. 5 to 7 show now, in a basic plan view of the bending head from the FIGS. 1 to 4 , Various processes for producing a 90 ° bend of a pre-assembled tube 6 with thin wall thickness.

This shows Fig. 6 First, the insertion position of the bending device 1, in which the bending mandrel 7 is applied with its forming groove 8 against the facing side of the supplied pipe 6, while the clamping head 3 is removed from the mandrel 7 and the tube 6. From the wrinkle smoother 4 are on the side on which the mandrel 7 is located, two guide jaws 38 with also executed on them form of grooves 41 (FIGS. Fig. 12 ) in alignment with the forming groove 8 of the bending mandrel 7 also applied to the workpiece 6, wherein each guide jaw 38, as shown in FIG Fig. 1 can be seen attached by means of a screw 39 to an associated holder 40.

On the opposite side of the tube 6, associated with the clamping jaws 38, a sliding jaw 37 of the Faltenglätters 4 is provided, which, as Fig. 5 shows, in the insertion position as well as the clamping device 3 is moved away from the wire 6.

As Fig. 1 shows, the slide rail 4 is mounted on the bending head 2 and includes two spindle drives 60, 61, via which a plate 62 can be positioned with the sliding block 37 in a plane. In this case, the slide 4 is always positioned with respect to the axis of the tube 6 on the side of the clamping block 18. A sliding block 37 is located on the pipe 6. Depending on the application, the slide 4 has to perform different functions during the bending process: it runs z. B. with the tube 8, it pulls back or pushes it, for example, to avoid cracking in the pipe material. In the illustrated embodiment of the Fig. 1 the slide 4 is also used for positioning the support member 20 with the clamping block 18 and the clamping jaws 19 and for pivoting the holder 40 with the guide jaws 38 of the Faltenglätters 5.

The holder 40 of the Faltenglätters 5 with the attached guide jaws 38 is mounted by means of linear guide pairs 63 on the slide rail 4. The linear guide pairs 63 are connected to each other via a bridge 64. The wrinkle smoother 5 can in this case via suitable (not shown in detail) means in the direction of arrow F ( Fig. 1 ) are moved or adjusted, whereby he (also not shown in detail means) relative to Bending mandrel 7 can be twisted. As a result, an optimal adjustment of the Faltenglätters 5 can ensure both left and right bending.

If in the in Fig. 5 shown insertion position the tube 6 against the facing forming grooves 8 and 41 ( Fig. 12 ) of the rotary mandrel 7 and the two guide jaws 38 of the Faltenglätters 5 is applied, then the clamping device 3 is brought by rotation of the groove plate 25 in the direction of arrow y ₂ in abutment against the rotary mandrel 7 opposite side of the tube 6 and tightened with a desired clamping force , This situation is in Fig. 6 shown.

Subsequently, as in Fig. 7 shown, a simultaneous, rectified and gleichschnichtet turning the bending mandrel 7 (in the direction of rotation w ) and the holding plate 15 (together with the support means 16) and the grooved disc 25 in the direction of rotation y ₂ (as in Fig. 7 indicated) by 90 °, wherein (by suitable, not shown means) of the sliding jaws 37 of the Faltenglätters 5 according to the feed rate of the tube 6 with this and in Appendix to this in the in Fig. 7 shown direction f is moved linearly.

In this case, in the interaction between bending mandrel 7 and clamping device 3, the tube 6 by 90 ° in the mold groove 8 in a circular end portion 46 (see. Fig. 11 ) of the bending mandrel 7 (in the area around its axis of rotation M around) bent and then reaches an end position, as in Fig. 7 is shown. In Fig. 7 is shown a right turn.

The 8 to 11 show now, also in a plan view like the Fig. 5 to 7 , a bend in the opposite direction as in the Fig. 5 to 7 namely, a left turn.

For this purpose, first of all (in Fig. 1 not shown) collet, the bent tube 6 held in the position resulting from Fig. 7 results. Subsequently, 25 of the clamping jaws 19 is moved away from the mandrel 7 by rotating the Nutenscheibe; the sliding jaw 37 of the Faltenglätters 5 is also linearly moved away from the wire 6. Subsequently, the pipe section 6 is transported so much and simultaneously rotated by 90 ° upwards (in the direction of rotation d ) that the (previously already bent) pipe end points vertically upwards, as shown in the perspective view of Fig. 12 recognizable (there, however, already in the clamped state).

When the tube 6 is released, the bending head 2 is moved away vertically downward (in direction b ), so that the bending head 2 with the mandrel 7 is completely below the out of the collet protruding tube 6, after which, as Fig. 8 shows, the bending mandrel 7 against the previous bending direction in direction of rotation w (as in Fig. 8 indicated) is pivoted. The covered by the pipe 6 parts of the underlying bending head 2 are in the Fig. 8 to 10 only dashed lines.

At the same time, the guide jaws 38 of the Faltenglätters 5 in the in Fig. 8 pivoted arrow direction, wherein previously the sliding block 37 by a corresponding method of the slide rail 4 in the in Fig. 8 shown direction f from the in Fig. 7 has returned to the end position shown. The intermediate position thus achieved is in Fig. 8 shown.

In Fig. 9 a further actuating step is shown, in which now, still lying with the bending head 2 below the pipe section 6, by common, equally fast and rectified rotation of the holding plate 15 (with arranged thereon mounting device 16 with the clamping device 3) and the Nutenscheibe 25 by 90 ° (in the direction of rotation y ₁ ) in one of the position of the clamping device 3 from Fig. 5 spent 180 ° opposite position.

In addition, the guide jaws 38 of the Faltenglätters 5 are further counterclockwise (in Fig. 9 ), likewise the sliding jaw 37 is also moved in the direction of arrow f ' to the other side of the tube 6. This intermediate position is off Fig. 9 seen.

Fig. 10 shows the position that is achieved when the sliding block 37 is spent together with the clamping device 3 in a position that the position Fig. 5 However, the elements in each case on the position in Fig. 5 present opposite side of the tube 6.

Finally shows Fig. 11 the starting position of tube 6, clamping device 3, bending mandrel 7 and fold smoother 5 to each other for left bending, as in principle the starting position for the bending operation, according to the position Fig. 6 for the right bending, corresponds. Here, the sliding block 37 from the in Fig. 10 shown intermediate position has been moved a little further from the pipe 6 away, so that in total again results in an open insertion position for the pipe 6. Subsequently, the bending head 2 is again upwards (in the direction of movement b (off Fig. 1 )) and then with the bending mandrel 7 and the sliding jaw 37 of the Faltenglätters 5 against the one (in Fig. 11 : the right) side of the pipe section 6, wherein previously the bending mandrel 7 has been pivoted with its tube 6 facing the form of groove 8 in alignment with the longitudinal axis of the tube 6. Subsequently, by a corresponding rotation of the groove plate 25 of the clamping block 18 of the clamping device 3 is applied with the clamping jaws 19 against the other side of the tube 6 and correspondingly also the sliding jaws 37 with its mold groove 41 also on this side against the tube 6 for Plant brought. This is the in Fig. 11 shown starting position (clamping position) of the tube 6, from which then out by a common rotation of the mandrel 7 and clamping device 3 and the Nutenscheibe 25 by 90 ° (counterclockwise in Fig. 11 ) a corresponding left bend can be generated.

In the Fig. 11 initial position reached before the bending process (to the left) is in Fig. 12 shown again in a perspective plan view of the bending device.

For the shape of the mandrel 7, as in the embodiment of the Fig. 1 to 11 is used again, reference is made to the representation in Fig. 11 :

The bending mandrel 7 is, in plan view, not rotationally symmetrical, but mirror-symmetrical about a through its axis of rotation (corresponding to the axis of rotation M of the overall arrangement of the three inter-rotating shafts 9 ', 10' and 11 ') extending center plane XX ("symmetry axis"). The formed on the bending mandrel 7 Formnut 8 extends along the two long sides of the in Fig. 11 shown bending mandrel 7 and in the region 46, in which the ends are connected to each other via a circular path, so that a total of three sides of the mandrel 7 away throughout the mold groove 8 extends, the shape of education in turn is in turn symmetrical to the median plane XX. This means that the inserted mandrel 7 can work with only a single mold groove 8 and it is not necessary to use different shape grooves, even at different axial heights of the mandrel 7.

In the FIGS. 13 and 14 are again schematic perspective oblique views of two further embodiments of a bending head 2 shown:

In the embodiment according to Fig. 13 a particularly compact design is achieved, but this configuration is only recommended if there is no risk of cracking or wrinkling on the pipe to be bent and thus the slide rail 4 and the Faltenglätter 5 are unnecessary.

The sliding block 37 of the Faltenglätters 5 is in the execution after Fig. 13 replaced by a guide roller 42 which is freely rotatably arranged and leads the pipe to be bent before its entry into the forming groove 8 of the bending mandrel 7.

In the embodiment shown here, the bending mandrel 7 consists in principle of a bending roller, which is not executed over a full circle circumference, but in which a part of the circumference is cut off, as this Fig. 13 shows what is being referenced.

In this embodiment, the clamping device 3 comprises a clamping jaw 43, which has a in Fig. 13 only shown in principle holding device 44 (in Fig. 13 shown in the form of a pin) is held, which is formed in a radially extending slot guide 45 (in the form of a slot) in the holding plate 15. This holding device 44 is below the holding plate 15, z. B. in a (not visible) guided eccentric guide, which is guided around the central axis M of the rotary head 2 for moving the clamping jaw 43 relative to the pipe 6. This eccentric (in Fig. 13 Not shown in detail) Formnut on the top of a rotatable about the central axis M, but lying below the plate 15 plate o. Ä. Be attached, which in turn z. B. on the central rotation shaft 10 'of the three nested rotary shafts 9', 10 ', 11' for generating a movement of the clamping jaw 43 is rotatable. However, a more detailed description of the special mechanism for this is not necessary, since the person skilled in the design of such a rotary guide for adjusting the mounting device 44 is familiar. Incidentally, it works according to the same principle as the form-groove-roller arrangement according to the embodiment Fig. 1 ,

In the Fig. 14 shown further embodiment of a bending head 2 differs from the other previously described embodiments in particular in that there instead of the sliding jaw 37 two guide rollers 47, 48 provided for lateral abutment against the pipe to be bent 6 and the clamping block 3 (in the transport direction c of the pipe seen) are connected upstream.

On the clamping head 3, the clamping jaws 19 are no longer provided with a guide groove, as in the embodiments of the preceding figures, but with a bending roller 49, with the desired deformation of the tube 6 can be performed.

The bending mandrel is designed in this embodiment as a bending roller 50 with a circumferential shaping groove for abutment against the pipe section 6.

The movement of the tensioning device 3, the rotation of the bending mandrel 50 and the application or tracking of the Faltenglätters 5 is done in the same manner as in the embodiments of the Fig. 1 to 13 by a corresponding program control of the three rotary drives 9, 10 and 11, which are mounted on three concentric rotary shafts 9 ', 10' and 11 'act on the parts to be moved, as shown in principle in the sectional view of Fig. 2 already shown.

Claims (18)

1. A bending apparatus (1) for rod-shaped and tubular workpieces (6), said apparatus comprising a bending head (2) with a bending mandrel (7) mounted to a rotary axis (M) and rotatable via a rotary drive (9) and with a clamping device (3) for pressing the workpiece (6) to be bent against a shaped groove (8) on the bending mandrel (7), said apparatus further comprising a feeding device (4) for the workpiece (6) to be processed, said clamping device (3) being movable relative to the bending mandrel (7) and also being pivotable concentrically to the rotary axis (M) of the bending mandrel (7), characterized in that the clamping device (3) is connected to two mutually independent rotary drives (10, 11), one of which (11) serves to carry out the pivoting movement of the clamping device (3) about the rotary axis (M) of the bending mandrel (7), while the clamping device (3) is movable by the other one (10) of said drives relative to the bending mandrel (7) by an interposed conversion transmission (24), which converts a rotary motion to a linear motion, the bending head (2) comprising three concentrically nested rotary shafts (9', 10', 11') for transmission of the drive of the three rotary drives (9, 10, 11) to the bending mandrel (7), to the conversion transmission (24) and to the clamping device (3), each of said rotary shafts (9', 10', 11') being connected to one of the rotary drives (9, 10, 11).
2. The bending apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the inner rotary shaft (9') carries the bending mandrel (7) which is arranged at the top of the bending head (6).
3. The bending apparatus according to claim 2, characterized in that the central rotary shaft (10') drives the conversion transmission (24), mounted to the bending head (2) below the bending mandrel (7), for the linear motion of the clamping device (3).
4. The bending apparatus according to claim 3, characterized in that the outer rotary shaft (11') is connected, in a manner secured against rotation, to a holding plate (15) which is arranged below the conversion transmission (24) and on which the clamping device (3) is supported such that it is displaceable in a direction perpendicular to the central axis (M) of the three concentric rotary shafts (9', 10', 11').
5. The bending apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the conversion transmission (24) comprises a disk cam (25) with a groove (27) formed therein, said groove (27) extending eccentrically to the rotary axis (M) of the disk cam (25), wherein a formed piece (23), mounted to the clamping device (3) and corresponding to the cross-sectional shape of the groove (27), engages in the groove (27), said formed piece (23) being displaceable within the groove (27) and the distance of said formed piece (23) from the rotary axis (M) of the disk cam (25) being variable by rotating the latter.
6. The bending apparatus according to claim 5, characterized in that the clamping device (3) comprises a holding device (16), mounted to the disk cam (25) in a manner secured against rotation, and a tensioning block (18) which is displaceably supported in a linear guide (17) mounted to the disk cam and to which the formed piece (23) engaging in the groove (27) in the disk cam (25) is mounted.
7. The bending apparatus according to claim 6, characterized in that the tensioning block (18) is provided with a clamping jaw (19) which is exchangeably mounted to the tensioning block (18) and in which a shaped groove (28) is provided, the latter being arranged in a position corresponding to that of the shaped groove (8) in the bending head (2) and being adapted to the shape of the workpiece (6) to be clamped.
8. The bending apparatus according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that the tensioning block (18) is mounted to a holding element (20) which carries the formed piece (23) and engages with the linear guide (17) via said formed piece (23).
9. The bending apparatus according to claim 8, characterized in that the holding element (20) in turn sits on a carrier piece (21) to which it is mounted so as to be shiftable in a direction perpendicular to the orientation of the linear guide (17) and to which the formed piece (28) is mounted for sliding engagement with the linear guide (17).
10. The bending apparatus according to claim 9, characterized in that the holding element (20) on the carrier piece (21) is connected to a drive unit for shifting.
11. The bending apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the clamping device (3), viewed in the feeding direction (c) of the workpiece (6), is immediately preceded by a wrinkle smoother (5).
12. The bending apparatus according to claim 11, characterized in that the wrinkle smoother (5) comprises sliding jaws which can be placed in contact with the workpiece (6) to be bent.
13. The bending apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that a program control is provided to control the different rotary drives (9, 10, 11) and drive units.
14. The apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that a further drive unit is provided by which the bending head (2) can be moved in two directions (a, b) which are perpendicular to one another and are each in turn perpendicular to the feeding direction (c) of the workpiece (6) to be bent.
15. The bending apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that, on the side of the workpiece (6) on which the clamping device (3) is arranged, a fixedly mounted guide roller (42) for the workpiece (6) is arranged preceding the clamping device (3).
16. The bending apparatus according to any one of claims 7 to 14, characterized in that the bending mandrel as well as the clamping jaw of the tensioning block (18) are each provided in the form of a roller (50; 49) comprising a guide groove for contact with the side facing them on the workpiece (6) to be bent.
17. The bending apparatus according to claim 11 or any one of claims 13 to 16 in combination with claim 11, characterized in that the wrinkle smoother (5) comprises at least two pressure rollers (47) which are arranged in sequence in the feeding direction of the workpiece (6) to be bent.
18. The bending apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 14, characterized in that the bending mandrel (7), viewed parallel to its pivoting axis (M), has a shape which is not rotationally symmetrical, but is symmetrical to a central axis (X-X) which is perpendicular to and passes through the rotary axis (M), wherein the shaped groove (8), formed on the bending mandrel (7) to contact one side of the workpiece (7) to be bent, also extends symmetrically to both sides of the bending mandrel (7), viewed relative to said longitudinal central axis (X-X).

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