EP1589163B1 - Anchor for tilting and lifting a panel of hardenable material, in particular concrete - Google Patents

Abstract

The anchor has a rod (20) elongated along a direction perpendicular to a direction of a panel. A gripping head (30) is integrated to an outer end (21) of the rod and projects out of the panel. Two oblique anchoring wings (50) extend from two sides, of the rod, opposed to a boss (40) along the rod, in a direction oblique with respect to the panel and rod directions, in a direction opposite to the head. The boss (40) increases the thickness of the outer end of the rod (20).

Description

The invention generally relates to anchors for handling panels of hardenable material, especially concrete.

More specifically, the invention relates to a lifting anchor and lifting panel for hardenable material, including concrete, this panel may have a small thickness in a first direction relative to its dimensions in a plane perpendicular to this first direction, this anchor comprising an elongated rod in a second direction substantially perpendicular to the first embedded in the panel, a gripping head integral with an outer end of the rod projecting from the panel, and a boss increasing the thickness of the outer end of the panel; the stem in the first direction.

Devices of this type are known from the prior art, and in particular from the patent document EP-B-0 434 819 , which reveals anchors comprising a boss or a conical lateral anchor foot of axis substantially perpendicular to the rod.

Such an anchor can be used to raise a prefabricated concrete panel horizontally. The lifting operation consists in passing this panel from a horizontal position to a vertical position, by applying to the head of the anchor a force oriented initially in the first direction, then progressively oblique with respect to the first and second directions while the panel tilts, and finally in the second direction when the panel is vertical.

The anchor can also be used to lift the panel once it is in a vertical position, by applying on the head of the anchor a force in the second direction.

It can finally be used to turn the panel over, extending the lifting movement beyond from the vertical position, so as to tilt this panel back to the horizontal after turning it 180 °. The force is applied to the anchor in the second direction in the vertical position of the panel, then progressively oblique with respect to the first and second directions while the panel tilts, and finally in the first direction, in the opposite direction of the lifting movement. , when the panel is horizontal.

The boss of the anchor makes it possible to increase the rigidity of the anchor under the head, and to avoid that it is twisted during the raising. Lateral anchorage increases the pull-out strength of the anchor during lifting, when a force is applied in the first direction on the anchor head, creating a compression zone of the axle concrete in the first direction or slightly inclined relative to the first direction, contributing strongly to this resistance. This is particularly important for panels of small thicknesses in this first direction.

The anchor described in EP-B-0 434 819 gives full satisfaction, both for lifting, lifting and turning operations.

A lifting anchor according to the preamble of claims 1 and 4 is described in DE 43 10022 A1 .

In this context, the object of the present invention is to propose an optimized anchor compared to those of EP-B-0 434 819 , offering even better performance in lifting, lifting and turning. These optimized anchors offer better tear resistance in lifting, and thus allow to raise even thinner and / or heavier panels without cracking concrete. They also make it possible to extend the lift in conditions of increased safety compared with the anchors of the prior art, especially in the presence of biasing forces (angle slings, transverse wind, etc ...).

For this purpose, the device of the invention is according to one of claims 1 or 4.

The anchor may also have one or more of the features claimed in the dependent claims.

• les figures 1A à 1C sont des vues en coupe dans un plan contenant les première et seconde directions d'un panneau de béton à différentes étapes d'une opération de relevage, le panneau étant représenté sur la figure 1A en position horizontale de départ, sur la figure 1B en cours de relevage, et sur la figure 1C en position verticale d'arrivée, ces vues laissant apparaître l'ancre et l'anneau de levage coopérant avec celle-ci,
• la figure 2 est une vue de côté d'une ancre conforme à un premier mode de réalisation de l'invention,
• la figure 3 est une vue en coupe transversale de l'ancre de la figure 2, considérée suivant l'incidence des flèches III de la figure 2,
• la figure 4 est une vue de face de l'ancre de la figure 2, considérée suivant la flèche IV de la figure 2,
• les figures 5 à 7 sont des vues similaires à celles des figures 2 à 4, pour un second mode de réalisation de l'invention, et
• les figures 8 à 10 sont des vues similaires à celles des figures 2 à 4, pour un troisième mode de réalisation de l'invention.

Other features and advantages of the invention will become apparent from the description which is made below, by way of indication and in no way limitative, with reference to the appended figures, among which:

• the Figures 1A to 1C are sectional views in a plane containing the first and second directions of a concrete panel at different stages of a lifting operation, the panel being shown on the Figure 1A in horizontal starting position, on the Figure 1B in the course of lifting, and on the figure 1C in the vertical position of arrival, these views revealing the anchor and the lifting ring cooperating therewith,
• the figure 2 is a side view of an anchor according to a first embodiment of the invention,
• the figure 3 is a cross-sectional view of the anchor of the figure 2 , considered according to the incidence of the arrows III of the figure 2 ,
• the figure 4 is a front view of the anchor of the figure 2 , considered according to the arrow IV of the figure 2 ,
• the Figures 5 to 7 are views similar to those of Figures 2 to 4 for a second embodiment of the invention, and
• the Figures 8 to 10 are views similar to those of Figures 2 to 4 , for a third embodiment of the invention.

As shown in figure 1 , the anchor is suitable for lifting, lifting and turning panels made of hardenable material, including but not limited to prefabricated concrete panels 10.

Such a panel typically has a general shape of rectangular parallelepiped, thin in a first direction XX 'relative to its dimensions in a plane perpendicular to this first direction.

This panel 10 is delimited by two large faces 11 opposite perpendicular to the first direction X-X ', and four small faces 12 connecting the two large faces 11, constituting the edge of the panel 10. Two small faces 12 opposite are perpendicular to a second direction Y-Y ', and two other small faces 12 opposite are perpendicular to a third direction ZZ' perpendicular to the second. The second and third directions Y-Y 'and Z-Z' are perpendicular to the first. The two large faces 11 are generally flat but may include various geometric shapes. Although the shapes of the panels to be lifted are generally parallelepipedic, more massive pieces of various shapes may justify the use of this type of anchor.

The anchor 2 comprises a rod 20 elongate substantially in the second direction YY ', having a main portion 23 embedded in the panel 10, and an outer portion 21 integral with one end of the main portion 23 and aligned with the this. The outer portion 21 protrudes from the panel 10. The anchor 2 further comprises a gripping head 30 secured to the end of the outer portion 21 opposite the main portion 23, and a boss 40 increasing the thickness of the portion outer 21 of the rod 20 in the first direction.

The rod 20 has perpendicularly to the second direction Y-Y 'a strong section, several millimeters in width along the first and third directions.

The anchor 2 is of spherical head type, this head being intended to cooperate, both for lifting, lifting and reversing, with a ring 70 of the type described in the documents of FIG. FR-A-1,568,605 , FR-A-2,382,398 and EP-B-0 679 143 .

More specifically, the head 30 has the shape of a solid disc, with an axis extending in the second direction Y-Y ', of diameter greater than the width of the rod at least in the first or third direction.

The ring 70 comprises a spherical piece 71 for connection with the head 30 of the anchor, called a nut, and a ring 72 ensuring the connection between the nut 71 and the hoist, called shackle.

The nut has an arcuate groove 711 centered on the center of the nut 71 and extending substantially over a quarter circle, open on a radially outer side, in which is engaged the head 30 of the anchor.

The groove 711 has a T-section, and comprises a radially inner zone of relatively greater width intended to receive the head 30 of the anchor 2, and a radially outer zone of relatively smaller width intended to receive the outer portion 21 of the stem 20.

The width of the inner region of the groove 711 corresponds to the diameter of the head 30, and the width of the outer zone corresponds to the width of the outer portion 21, considered along the third direction Z-Z '.

In addition, the groove 711 comprises at one end an orifice for introducing the head 30 of the anchor into the groove 711, and has on one side opposite the insertion orifice a blind end, the head occupying during lifting operations and lifting the panel a handling position in which it abuts against this blind end.

As we see on the figure 1 , the outer part 21 of the rod 20 and the head 30 of the anchor 2 are arranged in a hemispherical reserve 13 formed in a small face 12 of the panel 10 perpendicular to the second direction Y-Y ', this reservation 13 having a diameter slightly higher than that of walnut 71.

The lifting operation of the panel 10 is carried out first by engaging the nut 71 in the reservation 13, such that the head 30 of the anchor 2 enters the hole of the groove 711.

The nut 71 is oriented so that the groove 711 extends in a plane containing the first and second directions, its blind end being turned upwards, on the side towards which the lifting force will be exerted.

The nut 71 is then rotated to bring the head 30 into abutment with the blind end of the groove 71. The shackle 72 then extends in the first direction X-X ', or is slightly inclined with respect to the first direction . We are in the situation of the Figure 1A .

At the beginning of the lifting operation, the force exerted by the means on the lifting anchor is oriented substantially along the first direction X-X ', and is indicated by the arrow F of the Figure 1A .

While the panel 10 tilts from horizontal to vertical, the orientation of the force gradually moves from the first direction XX 'to the second direction Y-Y', while the shackle 72 pivots relative to the nut 71 as shown in Figure 1B .

When the panel 10 is in the vertical position, the force exerted by the lifting means is oriented in the second direction Y-Y ', as shown in FIG. figure 1C , the shackle 72 also extending in this direction. The head 30 is always at the blind end of the groove 71.

During the lifting of the panel 10, the lifting means exert a force along the second direction Y-Y 'on the anchor 2.

The boss 40 projects in the first direction XX 'with respect to the rod 20, on an upper side thereof, and has substantially the same width as the rod in the third direction Z-Z'. It extends in the second direction YY 'along the head 30 and along the outer portion 21 of the rod, and forms a shoulder 25 on a side opposite to the head 30.

The boss 40 increases the rigidity of the rod 20 in the first direction X-X ', and prevents the rod from deforming during the lifting operation. Such deformation would cause the nut 71 to come against the surface of the reservation 13, damaging the concrete at the point of contact.

Note that the boss 40 extends substantially along the entire head 30 of the anchor, and projects in the first direction XX 'relative to the periphery of the head 30. It follows that when the head 30 is in abutment with the blind end of the groove 71, the boss 40 is interposed between this end and the head 30.

The presence of the boss 40 is particularly advantageous when the anchor 2 cooperates with a nut 71 carrying a substantially radial actuating lug 712. When the panel 10 is horizontal, the head 30 occupying its handling position, the tab 712 extends upwardly in the first direction X-X ', in the immediate vicinity of the small face 12 of the panel 10. The presence of the boss 40 along the head 30 causes the pivoting stroke of the nut 71 to pass the head of the orifice to the blind end of the groove is shorter, so that the leg 712 is further away from the small face 12 of the panel 10. The risk that the leg comes to rub against the small face 12 and damage the concrete is removed.

According to the invention, the anchor 2 comprises at least two oblique anchoring wings 50 extending along the rod 20 from the boss 40, on two opposite sides of this rod 20, in a direction oblique to the first and second directions XX 'and Y-Y', in a general direction opposite to the head 30.

The two oblique wings 50 are thin, and extend in the same plane substantially parallel to the third direction Z-Z '.

These oblique wings 50 originate immediately behind the recess of the reservation 13, at the shoulder 25 and widen regularly along the third direction ZZ 'from the boss 40. Each has a relatively small width according to the third direction ZZ 'at the shoulder 25, this width increasing steadily when following the wing in the oblique direction away from the shoulder 25.

Each oblique wing 50 extends on a side opposite the boss 40 along the rod 20 by a second anchoring wing 60, these second wings 60 being mutually parallel and extending in a longitudinal direction from the oblique wings 50 .

These second wings 60 are for example constant widths along the third direction Z-Z ', but may also have a variable width.

Finally, each second wing 60 extends on a side opposite the oblique wings 50 along the rod 20 by a third anchoring wing 65 extending in the same longitudinal direction as the second wings 60.

These third wings 65 are narrowed regularly along the third direction ZZ 'from the second wings 60. Each has a relatively larger width in the third direction ZZ' at its end closest to the second flange 60, this width by decreasing regularly when following the third wing in the longitudinal direction away from the second wing 60. At the end of the third wing 65 opposite the second wing 60, this width is zero, the third wing 65 thus forming a point on the opposite side of the head 30.

The second and third wings 60 and 65 extend substantially the entire length of the main portion 23 in the second direction YY ', substantially to an inner end 22 of the rod 20 opposite the outer portion 21.

The width of each of the second wings 60 along the third direction ZZ 'is substantially equal to that of the main portion 23 of the rod 20. The respective maximum widths of the oblique wings 50 and the third wings 65 are also substantially equal to the width of the main part 23 of the rod 20.

As we see on the Figures 2 to 4 , the oblique wings 50, considered in section perpendicular to the oblique direction, have trapezoidal sections, touching the rod 20 by their large bases. Similarly, the second wings 60 and the third wings 65, considered in section perpendicular to the longitudinal direction, have trapezoidal sections, touching the rod 20 by their large bases.

The oblique wings 50, the second wings 60 and the third wings 65 thus have a decreasing thickness from the rod 20 towards an outer free edge opposite the rod 20.

Alternatively, the wings may have triangular sections, of decreasing thickness from the rod 20.

The thickness of the second or third flange is here referred to as the dimension of the latter considered in a direction perpendicular to both the longitudinal direction and the third direction Z-Z '. The thickness of the oblique wing is the dimension of the latter considered in a direction perpendicular to both the oblique direction and the third direction Z-Z '.

The free edge of the oblique wing 50 deviates from the rod 20 from the shoulder 25, and extends obliquely to one end of the free edge of the second flange 60. Similarly, the free edge the oblique wing 50 deviates from the rod 20, and extends obliquely to another end of the free edge of the second wing 60.

The figure 3 shows that the main part 23 of the rod 20, seen in section perpendicular to the second direction YY ', has a rectangular section elongated along the first direction X-X'. The ratio of dimensions between the large and small sides of this rectangular section is of the order of two.

The main part 23 of the rod 20 is thus delimited by two long sides 24 planes, mutually parallel and opposite, perpendicular to the third direction Z-Z '.

The oblique wings 50, the second wings 60 and the third wings 65 extend along these long sides 24.

The thickness of the wings at the rod 20 is about one third of the height of the large faces 24 considered in the first direction X-X '. The thickness of the wings at their respective free edges is small relative to the height of the large faces 24.

It will be noted that, because of their trapezoidal sections, the oblique wings 50, the second wings 60 and the third wings 65 are each delimited by convergent upper and lower faces 80 and 81 constituting the two opposite non-parallel sides of the trapezoidal section. .

These upper and lower faces 80/81 each form an angle slightly greater than 90 ° with respect to the long side 24 carrying the corresponding wing. The angle formed by the upper face 80 is slightly larger than the angle formed by the lower face 81.

We see on the figure 4 that the outer portion 21 of the rod 20 and the boss 40, considered in section perpendicular to the second direction YY ', have an oblong section elongated along the first direction X-X'.

An upper portion of this section, corresponding to the boss 40, has a half-disk shape. A lower part of this section, opposite to the upper part, has the same shape in half-disc. Furthermore, the end portion 21 is also delimited by two large planar sides, mutually parallel and opposite, perpendicular to the third direction Z-Z ', forming an extension of the long sides 24 of the main part 23 of the stem 20.

Note that the main portion 23 projects from the lower side relative to the end portion 21, a rounded shoulder making the transition between the two parts.

The anchor 2 also comprises an eye 90 formed at the inner end 22 of the main part 23, this eye 90 having a cylindrical shape with an axis parallel to the third direction ZZ 'and being intended to receive a preformed steel in the form of hairpin called suspend, not shown.

The base of the eye 90, that is to say the part of the eye 90 farthest from the end portion 21 following the second direction Y-Y ', preferably has two opposite ends flared, so that the hairpin line is, as soon as it is placed in the eye, in contact with the inner surface of this eye.

In the thickest panels 10, the inner end 22 provided with an eye 90 can be replaced by a conical foot with an axis parallel to the second direction YY ', converging towards the head 30, so as to create an compression zone towards this head.

Finally, the anchor comprises a cylindrical hole 91 of axis parallel to the third direction Z-2 ', intended to receive a straight cylindrical bar of short length.

The diameter and the length of the bar and the hanger are determined by calculation, according to the dimensions of the panel and its mass.

The use of the hanger and / or the bar is optional, the anchor is self-sufficient in a controlled use, that is to say for the handling of panels of masses and dimensions in accordance with the requirements of use associated with each anchor model. For particular uses, for example outside the prescriptions, the use of the hanger and / or the bar makes it possible to increase the safety factor of the anchor.

Several embodiments of the anchor will now be described which essentially differ in the position and orientation of the second and third wings 60 and 65.

In a first embodiment, corresponding to Figures 2 to 4 , the second wings 60 and the third wings 65 all extend in the same plane substantially parallel to the second direction YY '. This plane is located substantially halfway up the main part 23 of the rod 20, the height being considered along the first direction X-X '. The second wings 60 are thus arranged in a plane passing through the axis of the rod 20.

The second wing 60 has in its longitudinal direction a length substantially equal to twice the length of the oblique wing 50 in the oblique direction.

The third wing 65 has in its longitudinal direction a length less than the length of the oblique wing 50 in the oblique direction.

This oblique direction forms an angle of about 30 ° with the first direction X-X 'and about 60 ° with the second direction Y-Y'.

During the lifting, the ring 70 exerts on the anchor a force in the first direction X-X ', the side of the boss 40, as shown by the arrow F of the figure 2 . The upper faces 80 of the three wings 50/60/65 contribute to generate by reaction in the concrete, during the application of the lifting force, a compression zone eliminating the risk of punching. This zone develops in a flared shape from the wings to the surface of the panel, and gives the anchor its ability to resist tearing. This resistance is proportional to the volume of concrete included in the area.

This zone is here particularly wide, first of all because of the orientation of the upper faces 80, which form an angle of more than 90 ° with respect to the long sides 24, and then because of the cumulative length of the three wings, which extend substantially along the entire main portion 23 of the rod 20.

During lifting, the lower face 81 of the oblique wing 50 contributes to creating a compression zone.

Finally, during the eventual reversal of the panel 10, the lower faces 81 of the three wings create a compression zone. This area is particularly wide, for the same reasons as those mentioned in the case of lifting.

In this embodiment, the hole 91 is disposed at the bottom of the main part 23, under the second flange 60, at the end of this wing integral with the oblique wing 50.

In a second embodiment, corresponding to Figures 5 to 7 , the second wings 60 and the third wings 65 all extend in the same plane substantially parallel to the second direction YY '. This map is located substantially down the long side of the main part 23 of the rod 20, that is to say the opposite side to the boss 40.

The second wing 60 has in its longitudinal direction a length substantially equal to the length of the oblique wing 50 in the oblique direction.

The third wing 65 has in its longitudinal direction a length less than the length of the oblique wing 50 in the oblique direction.

This oblique direction forms an angle of about 30 ° with the first direction X-X 'and about 60 ° with the second direction Y-Y'.

The compression zone formed during the lifting is larger than in the first embodiment, because the second wing is offset downward. The downward shift is not limited to the position of the underside of the main portion 23 of the rod 20. In extreme situation, it is possible to extend the portion 23 locally to allow the wings 60 and 65 to be positioned very far below. of the longitudinal axis of the anchor 20 in the second direction YY '. This could be justified for lifting operations excluding rollover.

In this embodiment, the hole 91 is disposed at mid-height of the main part 23, above the second wing 60, at the end of this wing integral with the oblique wing 50.

It should be noted that the second and third wings can also be arranged on the large faces 24 at an intermediate height between the positions of the first and second embodiments. The exact position is determined by calculation, as a function of the geometry of the panel 10. Generally, the more the panel 10 is thin in the first direction X-X ', the more the wings are shifted down the large face 24 according to the first direction X-X ', to create a larger compression zone in lifting.

In a third embodiment, corresponding to Figures 8 to 10 , the second wings 60 and the third wings 65 all extend in the same plane as the oblique wings 50. The oblique direction in this case forms an angle of approximately 70 ° with the first direction XX 'and approximately 20 ° with the second direction Y-Y '.

The second wing 60 has in the oblique direction a length equal to at least three times the length of the oblique wing 50 in the same oblique direction.

The third wing 65 has in the oblique direction a length substantially equal to the length of the oblique wing 50 in the same oblique direction.

It will be noted that the oblique wings 50 in this embodiment originate at the base of the shoulder 25, that is to say at the point where the shoulder 25 joins the main part 23 of the rod 20.

The three aligned wings traverse each large side 24 of the main portion 23 along a medial diagonal, which divides it into two equal parts. The third wing 65 extends substantially to the bottom of the long side 24, under the eye 90.

The compression zone created by this lifting anchor is slightly inclined relative to the first direction X-X '.

In lifting, the lower faces 81 of the three wings contribute to create the compression zone, this zone being therefore more extensive than in the first two embodiments.

In inversion, the compression zone is substantially the same as in lifting, because the wings form medial diagonals of the long sides 24.

In this embodiment, the hole 91 is disposed at the bottom of the main part 23, under the oblique wing 50.

Note finally that the anchor 2 is symmetrical with respect to a median plane containing the first and second directions X-X 'and Y-Y'.

It is however asymmetrical with respect to a median plane of the main part 23 of the rod 20 containing the second and third directions Y-Y 'and Z-Z'. The wings are not symmetrical with respect to this plane.

The outer portion 21 of the rod is not symmetrical with respect to this plane. It carries on one side the boss 40 which protrudes with respect to the main part 23 of the rod in the first direction X-X ', and on a side opposite to the boss 40 it has a recessed portion relative to the main part 23 of the rod in the first direction X-X '. This material offset along the first direction X-X 'at the outer portion 21 facilitates the manufacture of the anchor 2, and also optimize the use of the material, so to save money.

The asymmetrical nature of the anchor results from taking into account the stress distribution in the anchor during lifting, lifting and reversing, as well as optimizing the use of the material.

It should be noted that the fact that the oblique wings 50 are connected to the boss 40 at the junction point between the main portion 23 and the outer portion 21 of the rod 20 reinforces the mechanical strength of the rod in this junction area.

The anchor described above has many advantages.

It offers excellent performance in lifting, lifting, and turning, allowing handling of particularly thin panels without risk of cracking. Because of these excellent performances, it is possible to use one-piece anchors that are particularly short and compact.

They are usable with standard spherical lifting rings, without any modification of them.

In the context of controlled use that complies with the regulations, it does not require the installation of additional reinforcing bars. However, they are equipped with an eye and a hole allowing the use of such irons in exceptional circumstances.

The anchor is particularly suitable for concrete, but can be used for panels made of other curable materials, such as cement, plaster, plastics, resin.

It will also be specified that the anchor is made in one piece, made of metal, preferably steel, typically by a process such as forging.

Due to the displacement of the boss upwards in the first direction, the first wings 50 are particularly long.

Finally, the position of the second and third wings on the large faces of the rod and the inclination of the oblique wings can be modified to vary the performance of the anchor lifting, reversing lift, depending on the specific use provided. .

Furthermore, the outer part of the anchor may have on a side opposite to the boss 40 a second boss similar to the boss 40, replacing the recessed portion.

Claims (9)

1. An anchor for tilting and lifting a panel of hardenable material, in particular concrete, this panel (10) being able to have a small thickness in a first direction relative to its dimensions in a plane perpendicular to said first direction, this anchor (2) comprising an elongate rod (20) in a second socalled longitudinal direction substantially perpendicular to the first, having a main portion (23) able to be embedded in the panel (10), a gripping head (30) secured to an outer portion (21) of the rod (20) able to protrude outside the panel (10), and a boss (40) increasing the thickness of the outer portion (21) of the rod (20) in the first direction, the anchor having two oblique anchoring wings (50) extending along the rod (20) from the boss (40), on two opposite sides of said rod (20), in an oblique direction relative to the first and second directions, in a direction opposite the head (30), characterized in that the oblique wings extend on a side opposite the boss (40) along the rod (20) by second anchoring wings parallel to each other extending in the longitudinal direction, the oblique wings extend in a plane substantially parallel to a third direction perpendicular to the plane formed by the first and second directions, each second wing extending on a side opposite the oblique wings along the rod by a third anchoring wing (65) extending in the same longitudinal direction as the second wings (60), the cumulative length of the three wings extending along the entire main portion (23) of the rod (20).
2. The anchor according to claim 1, characterized in that the oblique wings (50) widen in the third direction from the boss (40).
3. The anchor according to one of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that the second anchoring wings (60) extend in a plane substantially parallel to the second direction.
4. An anchor for tilting and lifting a panel of hardenable material, in particular concrete, this panel (10) being able to have a small thickness in a first direction relative to its dimensions in a plane perpendicular to said first direction, this anchor (2) comprising an elongate rod (20) in a second socalled longitudinal direction substantially perpendicular to the first, having a main portion (23) able to be embedded in the panel (10), a gripping head (30) secured to an outer portion (21) of the rod (20) able to protrude outside the panel (10), and a boss (40) increasing the thickness of the outer portion (21) of the rod (20) in the first direction, the anchor having two first oblique anchoring wings (50) extending along the rod (20) from the boss (40), on two opposite sides of said rod (20), in an oblique direction relative to the first and second directions, in a direction opposite the head (30), characterized in that the first oblique anchoring wings extend on a side opposite the boss (40) along the rod (20) by second oblique anchoring wings (60) parallel to each other, each second wing (60) extending on a side opposite the first oblique wings (50) along the rod (20) by a third anchoring wing (65), the second and third anchoring wings extending in the same plane as the first oblique wings, substantially parallel to a third direction perpendicular to the plane formed by the first and second directions, the cumulative length of the three wings extending along the entire main portion (23) of the rod (20).
5. The anchor according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the oblique wings (50) and/or the second wings (60), considered in cross-section perpendicular to the oblique direction and the longitudinal direction, respectively, have sections with decreasing thicknesses from the rod (20).
6. The anchor according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the rod (20) is delimited by two planar large faces (24), parallel and opposite, perpendicular to the third direction, the second wings (60) extending along these large faces (24).
7. The anchor according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the outer part (21) of the rod (20) has, on a side opposite the boss (40), a hollow portion relative to the rest of the rod (20).
8. The anchor according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the outer part (21) of the rod (20) has, on a side opposite the boss (40), a second boss similar thereto.
9. The anchor according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the wings are adapted to generate, in the hardenable material, compression zones during tilting, lifting and turning over of the panel.

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