EP2097597B1 - Anchor for handling building elements, in particular a concrete panel - Google Patents

Anchor for handling building elements, in particular a concrete panel Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2097597B1
EP2097597B1 EP06847130.9A EP06847130A EP2097597B1 EP 2097597 B1 EP2097597 B1 EP 2097597B1 EP 06847130 A EP06847130 A EP 06847130A EP 2097597 B1 EP2097597 B1 EP 2097597B1
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Prior art keywords
anchor
flats
head
flat
facets
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EP06847130.9A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP2097597A1 (en
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Marcel Arteon
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Individual
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Individual
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
    • E04G21/00—Preparing, conveying, or working-up building materials or building elements in situ; Other devices or measures for constructional work
    • E04G21/14—Conveying or assembling building elements
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
    • E04G21/00—Preparing, conveying, or working-up building materials or building elements in situ; Other devices or measures for constructional work
    • E04G21/14—Conveying or assembling building elements
    • E04G21/142—Means in or on the elements for connecting same to handling apparatus

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a handling anchor, in particular for lifting, lifting, reversing, transporting and laying of construction elements such as prefabricated blocks and panels, in particular of concrete, intended to be secured to the element of construction and type comprising a fastening head of the construction element to a handling machine and a body portion having active portions which, when the anchor is secured to the construction element, ensures the adhesion of this to the material of the building element.
  • Anchors of this type which are known ( GB 800 302 A ; AU 752 353 B2 ; GB 804 817 A ), have the disadvantage of being performed by relatively expensive methods and therefore inappropriate to allow an adaptation of the anchor shape to the characteristics of the prefabricated elements to be handled.
  • the invention aims to overcome this disadvantage.
  • the anchor according to the invention is characterized in that its portion forming the body of the anchor comprises two flats of identical or different shapes each provided with at least two facets and assembled one to the other.
  • the anchor is characterized in that a said flat comprises a plurality of facets which follow each other forming a zig-zag sequence.
  • the anchor is characterized in that the anchor comprises a gripping head to a handling machine, which constitutes a separate piece on which are mounted the two flats.
  • the anchor is characterized in that the member forming the head is of different shape adapted to the gripping means of the anchor.
  • the anchor is characterized in that it comprises lateral wings, one of which protrudes from each flat.
  • the anchor is characterized in that the wings are part of a separate part attached to the anchor with flats assembled.
  • the anchor is characterized in that the separated part has a central portion of a cross section in the form of a preferably U or circular groove adapted to be engaged on the assembled flats.
  • the anchor is characterized in that the facets have an angle of inclination with respect to the longitudinal direction of the anchor at an angle of 10 to 85 °.
  • the anchor devices according to the invention have been designed to allow handling, including lifting, lifting, turning, transport and laying, building elements such as prefabricated concrete blocks or panels.
  • the figure 1 shows a first embodiment of an anchor according to the invention generally designated by the reference 1.
  • the anchor according to the figure 1 has the shape of a flat 1 made from a rigid metal strip and having a head portion 3, a portion 4 forming the body of the anchor and a portion 5 forming the foot.
  • the anchor 1 is intended to be embedded in the material, in general concrete, of the construction element 6 to be handled, with the exception of the head 3 which remains outside the material of the construction element. and is adapted to be hooked to a handling machine.
  • the head has a hole 7 allowing the anchor to be gripped by a hook of the handling machine.
  • the foot is shaped like a dovetail.
  • the lower end of the flat 1 is split in its axial direction to form two foot portions 9, preferably of equal width, one of which is folded around a fold line 10 to be separated from the other .
  • the portion 4 forming the body of the flat 1 is folded around three fold lines which extend perpendicularly to the longitudinal axis of the flat. These lines denoted 12 are offset from each other in the axial direction of the flat and thus ensure the formation of three facets 14, 15, 16 inclined that follow in the axis of the anchor formed by the flat, each facet forming a predetermined angle between 10 ° and 85 ° with respect to the longitudinal direction of the anchor.
  • the facets 14, 15, 16 combined with the developed surface of the flat part make it possible to urge the concrete both for adhesion and shearing in line with the anchors generated by the facets.
  • the flat head includes recesses in its front face which are made also on the other heads of this type without however being represented.
  • the construction element according to the figure 1 is a concrete panel which could be thin and that the flat is arranged in the panel so that its width is in the direction of the thickness of the panel. This precludes any risk of deformation of the anchor in the direction of its width.
  • the figure 2 illustrates another embodiment of an anchor formed from a single metal flat.
  • the particularity of this embodiment lies in the fact that this flat is cut along the median longitudinal line, from the foot end to the head portion 3.
  • Two flat shaped flat elements are obtained. strips 18, 19 of equal width, which are folded several times, in the example shown six times, around the fold lines 20 and 21 respectively, which extend perpendicularly to the longitudinal axis of the anchor and are spaced the each other in this longitudinal direction.
  • the folds of the two flattened elements 18, 19 are made in opposite directions at an angle ⁇ of 10 to 85 ° so that each element has five successive facets forming a zig-zag band.
  • the facets of the band 18 are all designated by the reference 22 and those of the band 19 by the same reference 23.
  • the anchor according to the figure 1 and even more the anchor according to the figure 2 are particularly suitable for progressive traction efforts.
  • FIGS 3A and 3B show an embodiment of an anchor according to the invention obtained by assembling two flats 24, 25, identical but inverted configurations. Each flat has three facets successive zig-zag steps from the head portion 3, in accordance with the embodiment according to the Figures 1 and 2 .
  • One of the two flats, in the example shown the flat 25, comprises just above the upper fold line 26 an assembly pin 27 cut in the strip and folded out of the plane thereof, which, during the assembly of the two flats engages in a suitable recess 28 made in the flat 24, as seen on the figure 3A .
  • the head portions 3 of the two flats are thus pressed against each other so that the head of the anchor in the assembled state has a double thickness.
  • the two anchor halves, each formed by one of the flats 24, 25 are still in contact at their lower fold line 29.
  • any other method of assembling the two flats 24, 25, for example spot welding or gluing may be considered.
  • Anchor with two flats according to the Figures 3A, 3B is particularly suitable for axial tensile stresses.
  • the figure 4 illustrates another embodiment of an anchor obtained from two different flat surfaces 30, 31 mounted on a separate head member 32.
  • the two flats 30, 31 are always of the faceted type, but of different configurations.
  • the two flats could also be configurations only reversed.
  • the flat part 30 comprises, from top to bottom, an upper part 33, parallel to the axis of the anchor, an inclined part 34, a part 35 parallel to the part 33 and a foot part at the bottom of the 36.
  • the flat portion 31 comprises a head portion 37 followed by three parts 38, 39, 40 which form a zigzag assembly with three facets.
  • the separate head member 32 is in the form of a plate whose upper part comprises a hole 41 for attachment to a handling machine and a base portion 42 which comprises at each lateral side a vertical pin 43 intended to pass, when mounting the two flats 30, 31 on the head 32, through cutouts 44 of complementary shape, formed in the respective inclined portion 33, 37 of the two flats.
  • Each lug 43 is cut into the flat piece 32 which forms the head.
  • the lugs extend in the axis of the anchor and the bottom of the inner vertical cutout extends to a depth adapted to the inclination of the face 33 or 37 of the flat part so that the support flatness is optimal.
  • each of the two flats 46, 47, of inverted configurations comprises an anchor body whose upper portion 48 is rectilinear and whose lower portion comprises two facets 49 inclined to form a V and a sealing foot portion 50 deviating obliquely outwardly from the longitudinal median plane of the anchor.
  • the particularity of the anchor structure according to Figures 6A, 6B lies in the fact that the upper rectilinear portion 48 has delta lateral wings 51, that is to say having the general shape of a triangle and extending perpendicular to the plane of the flat portion 48, outwardly .
  • These wings 51 can be obtained by folding a portion of appropriate shape of the flat around a line then forming a longitudinal side edge of the rectilinear body portion 48.
  • the wings 51 have the following shapes. a triangle whose free angle could be 90 °.
  • the shape of the triangle will be chosen so that the angle ⁇ of inclination of the upper edge of the triangle is relatively large to ensure a large width in the upper part of the flat.
  • each anchor plate 46, 47 has in its rectilinear upper portion 48 a bore for example of rectangular form 52 for mounting the flat on a separate head member 54 which comprises, near its base on two sides opposite side a lug 55 of parallelepipedal shape and complementary to the shape of the bore 52.
  • a separate head member 54 which comprises, near its base on two sides opposite side a lug 55 of parallelepipedal shape and complementary to the shape of the bore 52.
  • the assembly of the head 54 and the two flats 46, 47 is made by engaging the flats, with their holes 52, on the protruding lugs 55 of the head.
  • the Figure 6C is intended to show the adaptability of the anchor to different applications. It suffices for this purpose to choose a head 54 of appropriate shape.
  • the head is spherical type made in one piece, for example by forging. But the cylindrically shaped gripping portion could also be added to a base portion by screwing or any other suitable manner.
  • the anchor structure shown on the Figures 6A to 6C thanks to its wings 51 is particularly well suited to lifting efforts of concrete panels, especially thin.
  • FIGs 7A and 7B show that a structure of the type according to the Figures 6A, 6B can also be obtained from two flats of identical shape. The assembly of these two flats results in a structure in which the wings are arranged at the opposite lateral sides of the anchor.
  • the anchor does not have a separate head member.
  • the head is of the anchor type according to the figure 2 .
  • the Figures 8A and 8B illustrate another possibility of producing the delta wing anchor, as shown on the Figures 6A and 6B .
  • the delta wings 51 are formed by adding to flats 56, 57 having substantially the shape of the flats 46, 47 without wings 51 of the Figure 6A , a piece obtained by folding a piece of sheet metal 58.
  • This part comprises a central portion 60 in the form of a U whose width is slightly greater than the width of the two flats in the assembled state and the height is complementary to the width of the flats, and flanges 61 delta-shaped obtained by folding the free edges of the branches of the U, an angle of 90 °.
  • these and the piece 62 forming the head comprise, in the example shown, lugs 63 projecting which engage in appropriate holes 64 of complementary shape formed in the base of the U-shaped central part.
  • the winged piece could also be done in any other appropriate way.
  • the Figures 9A to 9C illustrate an anchor that shows the anchor structure according to the Figures 8A to 8C but which is not covered by the claims.
  • This anchor is obtained only from two pieces, namely a part 65 which has a central part in the shape of a U 66, similar to the part 60 of the Figure 8C , side wings 67 similar to the wings 61 and two tabs 68 which form a dovetail foot.
  • the piece 65 is advantageously obtained by cutting and folding an original blank.
  • the anchor further comprises a head piece 70 of flat shape, provided with a gripping hole 71 and having on its front edge face 72 and set back by a distance corresponding to the thickness of the central piece 66, two assembly pins 73 intended to be received in holes of complementary shape 75 in the base of the central element 66 of the piece 65.
  • the anchor is obtained by inserting the head 70 into the part central 66, the widths of the two parts being complementary.
  • the cross sections of the central portions 60 and 66 could be different and for example circular.
  • anchor structure are not limited to the different embodiments shown in the figures which have been given by way of example. Indeed, thanks to its modular design that can use several flats of the same or different shapes that are mounted, if necessary, on a head member of appropriate shape, the invention ensures perfect adaptability to handling conditions of the building element, especially when it comes to thin concrete panels. Since the anchor according to the invention is feasible from flats and heads of simple shape, the cost price of the anchor is low although the performance of the anchor is excellent. It should be noted that the deformation of the flats could be made in any appropriate manner, for example also by stamping.
  • the anchor according to the invention has major advantages over the anchors of the state of the art.
  • the anchor is formed by two flats of identical or different shapes whose section, length, width and height are adjustable according to the technical geometric characteristics of the panels.
  • the flats of monoblock shape, twinned or juxtaposed comprise several facets obtained by folding an angle of 10 to 85 °. These single or twin faceted flats simultaneously increase the adhesion surface, solicit concrete compression by internal and external facets and shear the right anchors.
  • the anchor creates a compressed mass inside the facets in the case of twin flats.
  • the anchor can operate in lifting, lifting, reversing and oblique traction without addition including reinforcing irons.
  • the anchor head may be of the spherical, flat, threaded sleeve type and be connected to a lifting ring. The anchor head could be used to position the anchor before pouring the concrete.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Joining Of Building Structures In Genera (AREA)
  • Conveying And Assembling Of Building Elements In Situ (AREA)
  • Load-Bearing And Curtain Walls (AREA)
  • Panels For Use In Building Construction (AREA)

Description

L'invention concerne une ancre de manutention, notamment de levage, de relevage, de retournement, de transport et de pose d'éléments de construction tels que des blocs et panneaux préfabriqués, notamment en béton, destinée à être solidarisés de l'élément de construction et du type comprenant une tête d'accrochage de l'élément de construction à un engin de manutention et une partie de corps comportant des portions actives qui, lorsque l'ancre est solidarisée de l'élément de construction, assure l'adhérence de celle-ci au matériau de l'élément de construction.The invention relates to a handling anchor, in particular for lifting, lifting, reversing, transporting and laying of construction elements such as prefabricated blocks and panels, in particular of concrete, intended to be secured to the element of construction and type comprising a fastening head of the construction element to a handling machine and a body portion having active portions which, when the anchor is secured to the construction element, ensures the adhesion of this to the material of the building element.

Les ancres de ce type, qui sont connues ( GB 800 302 A ; AU 752 353 B2 ; GB 804 817 A ), présentent l'inconvénient d'être réalisées selon des procédés relativement coûteux et donc inappropriés pour permettre une adaptation de la forme de l'ancre aux caractéristiques des éléments préfabriqués à manutentionner.Anchors of this type, which are known ( GB 800 302 A ; AU 752 353 B2 ; GB 804 817 A ), have the disadvantage of being performed by relatively expensive methods and therefore inappropriate to allow an adaptation of the anchor shape to the characteristics of the prefabricated elements to be handled.

L'invention a pour but de pallier cet inconvénient.The invention aims to overcome this disadvantage.

Pour atteindre ce but, l'ancre selon l'invention est caractérisée en ce que sa partie formant le corps de l'ancre comporte deux méplats de formes identiques ou différentes pourvus chacun d'au moins deux facettes et assemblés l'un à l'autre.To achieve this purpose, the anchor according to the invention is characterized in that its portion forming the body of the anchor comprises two flats of identical or different shapes each provided with at least two facets and assembled one to the other.

Selon une caractéristique de l'invention, l'ancre est caractérisée en ce qu'un méplat précité comporte une pluralité de facettes qui se suivent en formant une suite en zig-zag.According to one characteristic of the invention, the anchor is characterized in that a said flat comprises a plurality of facets which follow each other forming a zig-zag sequence.

Selon encore une autre caractéristique de l'invention, l'ancre est caractérisée en ce que l'ancre comporte une tête d'accrochage à un engin de manutention, qui constitue une pièce séparée sur laquelle sont montés les deux méplats.According to yet another characteristic of the invention, the anchor is characterized in that the anchor comprises a gripping head to a handling machine, which constitutes a separate piece on which are mounted the two flats.

Selon encore une autre caractéristique de l'invention, l'ancre est caractérisée en ce que l'organe formant la tête est de forme différente adaptée aux moyens de préhension de l'ancre.According to yet another characteristic of the invention, the anchor is characterized in that the member forming the head is of different shape adapted to the gripping means of the anchor.

Selon encore une autre caractéristique de l'invention, l'ancre est caractérisée en ce qu'il comporte des ailes latérales dont l'une fait saillie de chaque méplat.According to yet another characteristic of the invention, the anchor is characterized in that it comprises lateral wings, one of which protrudes from each flat.

Selon encore une autre caractéristique de l'invention, l'ancre est caractérisée en ce que les ailes font partie d'une pièce séparée rapportée sur l'ancre à méplats assemblés.According to yet another characteristic of the invention, the anchor is characterized in that the wings are part of a separate part attached to the anchor with flats assembled.

Selon encore une autre caractéristique de l'invention, l'ancre est caractérisée en ce que la pièce séparée présente une partie centrale d'une section transversale en forme d'une rainure avantageusement en U ou circulaire adaptée pour être engagée sur les méplats assemblés. Selon encore une autre caractéristique de l'invention, l'ancre est caractérisée en ce que les facettes ont un angle d'inclinaison par rapport à la direction longitudinale de l'ancre d'un angle de 10 à 85°.According to yet another characteristic of the invention, the anchor is characterized in that the separated part has a central portion of a cross section in the form of a preferably U or circular groove adapted to be engaged on the assembled flats. According to yet another characteristic of the invention, the anchor is characterized in that the facets have an angle of inclination with respect to the longitudinal direction of the anchor at an angle of 10 to 85 °.

L'invention sera mieux comprise et d'autres buts, détails et avantages de celle-ci apparaîtront plus clairement dans la description explicative qui va suivre faite en référence aux dessins schématiques annexés donnés uniquement à titre d'exemple illustrant plusieurs modes de réalisation de l'invention et dans lesquels :

  • la figure 1 est une vue en perspective d'un premier mode de réalisation de l'ancre selon l'invention, formée par un méplat unique ;
  • la figure 2 est une vue en perspective d'un deuxième mode de réalisation d'une ancre formée d'un méplat unique ;
  • les figures 3A et 3B sont des vues en perspective, à l'état éclaté et à l'état assemblé d'un autre mode de réalisation d'une ancre selon l'invention, le corps étant formé par deux méplats ;
  • la figure 4 est une vue en perspective d'un autre mode de réalisation d'une ancre à deux méplats selon l'invention ;
  • la figure 5 est une vue en perspective d'une ancre selon l'invention, réalisée selon le principe de la figure 4 mais comportant une tête différente ;
  • les figures 6A et 6B sont des vues en perspective d'un autre mode de réalisation d'une ancre à deux méplats, respectivement à l'état éclaté et à l'état assemblé ;
  • la figure 6C est une vue en perspective d'une autre version de réalisation de la tête d'une ancre selon les figures 6A et 6B ;
  • les figures 7A, 7B sont des vues en perspective d'une autre version du mode de réalisation selon les figures 6A, 6B ;
  • les figures 8A, 8B et 8c sont des vues en perspective d'une version de réalisation d'une ancre selon les figures 6A, 6B, 6C et
  • les figures 9A, 9B et 9C sont des vues en perspective d'une version de réalisation d'une ancre selon les figures 8A, 8B, cette version ne faisant partie de l'invention.
The invention will be better understood and other objects, details and advantages thereof will appear more clearly in the explanatory description which follows, with reference to the appended schematic drawings given solely by way of example, illustrating several embodiments of the invention. invention and in which:
  • the figure 1 is a perspective view of a first embodiment of the anchor according to the invention, formed by a single flat;
  • the figure 2 is a perspective view of a second embodiment of an anchor formed of a single flat;
  • the Figures 3A and 3B are views in perspective, in the exploded state and in the assembled state of another embodiment of an anchor according to the invention, the body being formed by two flats;
  • the figure 4 is a perspective view of another embodiment of a two-flat anchor according to the invention;
  • the figure 5 is a perspective view of an anchor according to the invention, produced according to the principle of figure 4 but having a different head;
  • the Figures 6A and 6B are perspective views of another embodiment of a two-flat anchor, respectively in the exploded state and in the assembled state;
  • the Figure 6C is a perspective view of another embodiment of the head of an anchor according to the Figures 6A and 6B ;
  • the Figures 7A, 7B are perspective views of another version of the embodiment according to the Figures 6A, 6B ;
  • the Figures 8A, 8B and 8c are perspective views of an embodiment version of an anchor according to Figures 6A, 6B, 6C and
  • the Figures 9A, 9B and 9C are perspective views of an embodiment version of an anchor according to Figures 8A, 8B , this version not part of the invention.

Les dispositifs d'ancre selon l'invention ont été conçus pour permettre la manutention, notamment le levage, le relevage, le retournement, le transport et la pose, d'éléments de construction tels que des blocs ou panneaux préfabriqués en béton.The anchor devices according to the invention have been designed to allow handling, including lifting, lifting, turning, transport and laying, building elements such as prefabricated concrete blocks or panels.

La figure 1 montre un premier mode de réalisation d'une ancre selon l'invention désignée de façon générale par la référence 1. L'ancre selon la figure 1 présente la forme d'un méplat 1 réalisé à partir d'une bande rigide en métal et comportant une partie de tête 3, une partie 4 formant le corps de l'ancre et une partie 5 formant le pied. L'ancre 1 est destinée à être noyée dans le matériau, en général du béton, de l'élément de construction 6 à manutentionner, à l'exception de la tête 3 qui reste à l'extérieur du matériau de l'élément de construction et est adapté pour être accroché à un engin de manutention. Dans le cas de la figure 1, la tête comporte un trou 7 permettant à l'ancre d'être saisie par un crochet de l'engin de manutention. Le pied est en forme de queue d'aronde. A cette fin, l'extrémité inférieure du méplat 1 est fendue dans sa direction axiale pour former deux parties de pied 9, de largeur avantageusement égale dont l'une est pliée autour d'une ligne de pliage 10 pour être écartée de l'autre. La partie 4 formant le corps du méplat 1 est pliée autour de trois lignes de pliage qui s'étendent perpendiculairement à l'axe longitudinal du méplat. Ces lignes notées 12 sont décalées les unes des autres dans la direction axiale du méplat et assurent ainsi la formation de trois facettes 14, 15, 16 inclinées qui se suivent dans l'axe de l'ancre formée par le méplat, chaque facette formant un angle prédéterminé compris entre 10° et 85° par rapport à la direction longitudinale de l'ancre.The figure 1 shows a first embodiment of an anchor according to the invention generally designated by the reference 1. The anchor according to the figure 1 has the shape of a flat 1 made from a rigid metal strip and having a head portion 3, a portion 4 forming the body of the anchor and a portion 5 forming the foot. The anchor 1 is intended to be embedded in the material, in general concrete, of the construction element 6 to be handled, with the exception of the head 3 which remains outside the material of the construction element. and is adapted to be hooked to a handling machine. In the case of figure 1 , the head has a hole 7 allowing the anchor to be gripped by a hook of the handling machine. The foot is shaped like a dovetail. To this end, the lower end of the flat 1 is split in its axial direction to form two foot portions 9, preferably of equal width, one of which is folded around a fold line 10 to be separated from the other . The portion 4 forming the body of the flat 1 is folded around three fold lines which extend perpendicularly to the longitudinal axis of the flat. These lines denoted 12 are offset from each other in the axial direction of the flat and thus ensure the formation of three facets 14, 15, 16 inclined that follow in the axis of the anchor formed by the flat, each facet forming a predetermined angle between 10 ° and 85 ° with respect to the longitudinal direction of the anchor.

Les facettes 14, 15, 16 combinées à la surface développée du méplat permettent de solliciter le béton à la fois à l'adhérence et au cisaillement au droit des ancrages générés par les facettes. Il est à noter que la tête plate comprend des décrochements dans sa face frontale qui sont réalisés également sur les autres têtes de ce type sans être cependant représentés. On constate que l'élément de construction selon la figure 1 est un panneau en béton qui pourrait être de faible épaisseur et que le méplat est disposé dans le panneau de façon que sa largeur est dans le sens de l'épaisseur du panneau. Ceci exclue tout risque d'une déformation de l'ancre dans le sens de sa largeur.The facets 14, 15, 16 combined with the developed surface of the flat part make it possible to urge the concrete both for adhesion and shearing in line with the anchors generated by the facets. It should be noted that the flat head includes recesses in its front face which are made also on the other heads of this type without however being represented. It can be seen that the construction element according to the figure 1 is a concrete panel which could be thin and that the flat is arranged in the panel so that its width is in the direction of the thickness of the panel. This precludes any risk of deformation of the anchor in the direction of its width.

La figure 2 illustre un autre mode de réalisation d'une ancre formée à partir d'un seul méplat métallique. La particularité de ce mode de réalisation réside dans le fait que ce méplat est coupé le long de la ligne longitudinale médiane, à partir de l'extrémité de pied jusqu'à la partie de tête 3. On obtient deux éléments de méplat en forme de bandes 18, 19 de largeur égale, qui sont pliées plusieurs fois, dans l'exemple représenté six fois, autour des lignes de pliage respectivement 20 et 21, qui s'étendent perpendiculairement à l'axe longitudinal de l'ancre et sont espacées les unes des autres dans cette direction longitudinale. Les pliages des deux éléments méplat 18, 19 sont faits dans des sens opposés d'un angle α de 10 à 85° de façon à ce que chaque élément présente cinq facettes successives formant une bande en zig-zag. Les facettes de la bande 18 sont toutes désignées par la référence 22 et celles de la bande 19 par la même référence 23.The figure 2 illustrates another embodiment of an anchor formed from a single metal flat. The particularity of this embodiment lies in the fact that this flat is cut along the median longitudinal line, from the foot end to the head portion 3. Two flat shaped flat elements are obtained. strips 18, 19 of equal width, which are folded several times, in the example shown six times, around the fold lines 20 and 21 respectively, which extend perpendicularly to the longitudinal axis of the anchor and are spaced the each other in this longitudinal direction. The folds of the two flattened elements 18, 19 are made in opposite directions at an angle α of 10 to 85 ° so that each element has five successive facets forming a zig-zag band. The facets of the band 18 are all designated by the reference 22 and those of the band 19 by the same reference 23.

On comprend aisément que, grâce à la multitude de facettes, l'ancre selon la figure 1 et plus encore l'ancre selon la figure 2 sont particulièrement adaptées à des efforts de traction progressifs.It is easy to understand that, thanks to the multitude of facets, the anchor according to the figure 1 and even more the anchor according to the figure 2 are particularly suitable for progressive traction efforts.

Les figures 3A et 3B montrent un mode de réalisation d'une ancre selon l'invention obtenue par assemblage de deux méplats 24, 25, identiques mais de configurations inversées. Chaque méplat présente trois facettes successives en zig-zag, à partir de la partie de tête 3, conformément au mode de réalisation selon les figures 1 et 2. L'un des deux méplats, dans l'exemple représenté le méplat 25, comporte juste au-dessus de la ligne de pliage supérieure 26 un ergot d'assemblage 27 découpé dans la bande et replié hors du plan de celui-ci, qui, lors de l'assemblage des deux méplats s'engage dans un évidement approprié 28 pratiqué dans le méplat 24, comme on le voit sur la figure 3A.The Figures 3A and 3B show an embodiment of an anchor according to the invention obtained by assembling two flats 24, 25, identical but inverted configurations. Each flat has three facets successive zig-zag steps from the head portion 3, in accordance with the embodiment according to the Figures 1 and 2 . One of the two flats, in the example shown the flat 25, comprises just above the upper fold line 26 an assembly pin 27 cut in the strip and folded out of the plane thereof, which, during the assembly of the two flats engages in a suitable recess 28 made in the flat 24, as seen on the figure 3A .

A l'état assemblé, les parties de tête 3 des deux méplats sont ainsi plaquées l'une contre l'autre de façon que la tête de l'ancre à l'état assemblé présente une double épaisseur. Les deux moitiés d'ancre, chacune formée par l'un des méplats 24, 25 sont encore en contact au niveau de leur ligne de pliage inférieure 29. Bien entendu, tout autre mode d'assemblage des deux méplats 24, 25, par exemple par soudure par point ou par collage peut être envisagé.In the assembled state, the head portions 3 of the two flats are thus pressed against each other so that the head of the anchor in the assembled state has a double thickness. The two anchor halves, each formed by one of the flats 24, 25 are still in contact at their lower fold line 29. Of course, any other method of assembling the two flats 24, 25, for example spot welding or gluing may be considered.

L'ancre à deux méplats selon les figures 3A, 3B est particulièrement appropriée pour des efforts de traction axiale.Anchor with two flats according to the Figures 3A, 3B is particularly suitable for axial tensile stresses.

La figure 4 illustre un autre mode de réalisation d'une ancre obtenue à partir de deux méplats différents notés 30, 31 montés sur un élément de tête séparé 32. Dans l'exemple représenté les deux méplats 30, 31 sont toujours du type à facettes, mais de configurations différentes. Bien entendu les deux méplats pourraient aussi être de configurations seulement inversées.The figure 4 illustrates another embodiment of an anchor obtained from two different flat surfaces 30, 31 mounted on a separate head member 32. In the example shown the two flats 30, 31 are always of the faceted type, but of different configurations. Of course the two flats could also be configurations only reversed.

Dans l'exemple représenté, le méplat 30 comporte de haut en bas une partie supérieure 33, parallèle à l'axe de l'ancre, une partie inclinée 34, une partie 35 parallèle à la partie 33 et une partie de pied en queue d'aronde 36. Le méplat 31 comporte une partie de tête 37 suivie de trois parties 38, 39, 40 qui forment un ensemble en zigzag à trois facettes.In the example shown, the flat part 30 comprises, from top to bottom, an upper part 33, parallel to the axis of the anchor, an inclined part 34, a part 35 parallel to the part 33 and a foot part at the bottom of the 36. The flat portion 31 comprises a head portion 37 followed by three parts 38, 39, 40 which form a zigzag assembly with three facets.

L'élément de tête séparé 32 est en forme d'une plaque dont la partie supérieure comporte un trou 41 d'accrochage à un engin de manutention et une partie de base 42 qui comporte à chaque côté latéral un ergot vertical 43 destiné à passer, lors de montage des deux méplats 30, 31 sur la tête 32, à travers des découpes 44 de forme complémentaire, pratiquées dans la partie inclinée respective 33, 37 des deux méplats. Chaque ergot 43 est découpé dans la pièce plate 32 qui forme la tête. Les ergots s'étendent dans l'axe de l'ancre et le fond de la découpe verticale intérieure s'étend jusqu'à une profondeur adaptée à l'inclinaison de la face 33 ou 37 du méplat de façon à ce que l'appui du méplat soit optimal.The separate head member 32 is in the form of a plate whose upper part comprises a hole 41 for attachment to a handling machine and a base portion 42 which comprises at each lateral side a vertical pin 43 intended to pass, when mounting the two flats 30, 31 on the head 32, through cutouts 44 of complementary shape, formed in the respective inclined portion 33, 37 of the two flats. Each lug 43 is cut into the flat piece 32 which forms the head. The lugs extend in the axis of the anchor and the bottom of the inner vertical cutout extends to a depth adapted to the inclination of the face 33 or 37 of the flat part so that the support flatness is optimal.

Cette structure d'une ancre réalisable par montage de deux méplats à facettes identiques ou pas sur une pièce séparée, qui constitue alors la tête de l'ancre dont la forme peut être choisie en fonction du moyen de préhension de l'ancre, permet d'obtenir une structure d'ancre parfaitement adaptable à des conditions de son utilisation. La figure 5 confirme ce constat puisqu'il présente une ancre dont la tête, au lieu de présenter le trou de passage d'un crochet, comme sur la figure 4, est du type sphérique notée 45. L'ancre a deux méplats selon les figures 4 et 5 est particulièrement adaptée pour des efforts de traction axiale, de relevage et de retournement.This structure of an anchor achievable by mounting two flats with facets identical or not on a separate part, which then constitutes the head of the anchor whose shape can be chosen according to the means of gripping the anchor, allows to to obtain an anchor structure perfectly adaptable to the conditions of its use. The figure 5 confirms this observation since it presents an anchor whose head, instead of presenting the hole of passage of a hook, as on the figure 4 , is of the spherical type marked 45. The anchor has two flats according to the Figures 4 and 5 is particularly suitable for axial tensioning, lifting and reversing efforts.

Les figures 6A à 6C illustrent un autre mode de réalisation d'une ancre à deux méplats et à tête séparée. Spécifiquement par rapport aux figures 4 et 5, chacun des deux méplats 46, 47, de configurations inversées comprend un corps d'ancre dont la partie supérieure 48 est rectiligne et dont la partie inférieure comporte deux facettes 49 inclinées de façon à former un V et une partie de pied de scellement 50 s'écartant obliquement vers l'extérieur, à partir du plan médian longitudinal de l'ancre.The Figures 6A to 6C illustrate another embodiment of a two-flat anchor with separate head. Specifically with respect to Figures 4 and 5 each of the two flats 46, 47, of inverted configurations comprises an anchor body whose upper portion 48 is rectilinear and whose lower portion comprises two facets 49 inclined to form a V and a sealing foot portion 50 deviating obliquely outwardly from the longitudinal median plane of the anchor.

La particularité de la structure d'ancre selon les figures 6A, 6B réside dans le fait que la partie rectiligne supérieure 48 comporte des ailes latérales delta 51, c'est-à-dire ayant la forme générale d'un triangle et s'étendant perpendiculairement au plan de la partie de méplat 48, vers l'extérieur. Ces ailes 51 peuvent être obtenues par pliage d'une partie de forme appropriée du méplat autour d'une ligne formant alors un bord latéral longitudinal de la partie de corps rectiligne 48. Dans l'exemple représenté, les ailes 51 présentent les formes d'un triangle dont l'angle libre pourrait être de 90°. De façon générale, la forme du triangle sera choisie de façon que l'angle β d'inclinaison du bord supérieur du triangle soit relativement important pour assurer une largeur importante dans la partie supérieure du méplat.The particularity of the anchor structure according to Figures 6A, 6B lies in the fact that the upper rectilinear portion 48 has delta lateral wings 51, that is to say having the general shape of a triangle and extending perpendicular to the plane of the flat portion 48, outwardly . These wings 51 can be obtained by folding a portion of appropriate shape of the flat around a line then forming a longitudinal side edge of the rectilinear body portion 48. In the example shown, the wings 51 have the following shapes. a triangle whose free angle could be 90 °. In general, the shape of the triangle will be chosen so that the angle β of inclination of the upper edge of the triangle is relatively large to ensure a large width in the upper part of the flat.

Près de son extrémité supérieure, chaque méplat d'ancre 46, 47 comporte dans sa partie supérieure rectiligne 48 un perçage par exemple de forme rectangulaire 52 de montage du méplat sur un organe de tête séparée 54 qui comprend, près de sa base sur deux faces latérales appropriées opposées un ergot 55 de forme parallélépipédique et complémentaire à la forme du perçage 52. Comme on le voit sur la figure 6B, l'assemblage de la tête 54 et des deux méplats 46, 47 se fait par engagement des méplats, grâce à leurs perçages 52, sur les ergots en saillie 55 de la tête.Near its upper end, each anchor plate 46, 47 has in its rectilinear upper portion 48 a bore for example of rectangular form 52 for mounting the flat on a separate head member 54 which comprises, near its base on two sides opposite side a lug 55 of parallelepipedal shape and complementary to the shape of the bore 52. As seen on the Figure 6B , the assembly of the head 54 and the two flats 46, 47 is made by engaging the flats, with their holes 52, on the protruding lugs 55 of the head.

La figure 6C a pour but de montrer l'adaptabilité de l'ancre à différentes applications. Il suffit à cette fin de choisir une tête 54 de forme appropriée. Sur la figure 6C, la tête est de type sphérique réalisé en une pièce, par exemple par forgeage. Mais la partie de préhension de forme cylindrique pourrait aussi être ajoutée à une partie de base par vissage ou toute autre manière appropriée.The Figure 6C is intended to show the adaptability of the anchor to different applications. It suffices for this purpose to choose a head 54 of appropriate shape. On the figure 6C , the head is spherical type made in one piece, for example by forging. But the cylindrically shaped gripping portion could also be added to a base portion by screwing or any other suitable manner.

La structure d'ancre représentée sur les figures 6A à 6C, grâce à ses ailes 51 est particulièrement bien adaptée à des efforts de relevage de panneaux de béton, notamment de faible épaisseur.The anchor structure shown on the Figures 6A to 6C , thanks to its wings 51 is particularly well suited to lifting efforts of concrete panels, especially thin.

Les figures 7A et 7B montrent qu'une structure du type selon les figures 6A, 6B peut aussi être obtenue à partir de deux méplats de forme identique. L'assemblage de ces deux méplats aboutit à une structure dans laquelle les ailes sont disposées aux côtés latéraux opposés de l'ancre. Dans la figure 7, l'ancre ne comporte pas d'organe de tête séparé. La tête est du type de l'ancre selon la figure 2. Ceci illustre encore une fois les différentes possibilités que procure l'invention pour réaliser des structures d'ancre de formes différentes, parfaitement adaptables à des applications différentes, le cas échéant spécifiques.The Figures 7A and 7B show that a structure of the type according to the Figures 6A, 6B can also be obtained from two flats of identical shape. The assembly of these two flats results in a structure in which the wings are arranged at the opposite lateral sides of the anchor. In the figure 7 the anchor does not have a separate head member. The head is of the anchor type according to the figure 2 . This illustrates once again the different possibilities that the invention provides for making anchor structures of different shapes, perfectly adaptable to different applications, if any specific.

Les figures 8A et 8B illustrent une autre possibilité de réaliser l'ancre à aile delta, telle que représentée sur les figures 6A et 6B. Dans ce cas, les ailes delta 51 sont formées par ajout à des méplats 56, 57 présentant sensiblement la forme des méplats 46, 47 sans ailes 51 de la figure 6A, d'une pièce obtenue par pliage d'une pièce en tôle 58. Cette pièce comporte une partie centrale 60 en forme d'un U dont la largeur est légèrement supérieure à la largeur des deux méplats à l'état assemblé et la hauteur est complémentaire à la largeur des méplats, et des ailes 61 en forme delta obtenues par pliage des bords libres des branches du U, d'un angle de 90°. Pour l'ajout de cette pièce à l'ensemble assemblé des méplats, ceux-ci et la pièce 62 formant la tête comportent, dans l'exemple représenté, des ergots 63 en saillie qui s'engagent dans des perçages appropriés 64 de forme complémentaire pratiqués dans la base de la partie centrale en U. Bien entendu, la pièce à ailes pourrait aussi être réalisée de tout autre manière appropriée.The Figures 8A and 8B illustrate another possibility of producing the delta wing anchor, as shown on the Figures 6A and 6B . In this case, the delta wings 51 are formed by adding to flats 56, 57 having substantially the shape of the flats 46, 47 without wings 51 of the Figure 6A , a piece obtained by folding a piece of sheet metal 58. This part comprises a central portion 60 in the form of a U whose width is slightly greater than the width of the two flats in the assembled state and the height is complementary to the width of the flats, and flanges 61 delta-shaped obtained by folding the free edges of the branches of the U, an angle of 90 °. For the addition of this piece to the assembled set of flats, these and the piece 62 forming the head comprise, in the example shown, lugs 63 projecting which engage in appropriate holes 64 of complementary shape formed in the base of the U-shaped central part. Of course, the winged piece could also be done in any other appropriate way.

Les figures 9A à 9C illustrent une ancre qui présente la structure de l'ancre selon les figures 8A à 8C, mais qui n'est pas couverte par les revendications. Cette ancre est obtenue seulement à partir de deux pièces, à savoir une pièce 65 qui comporte une partie centrale en forme d'un U 66, similaire à la partie 60 de la figure 8C, des ailes latérales 67 similaires aux ailes 61 et deux languettes 68 qui constituent un pied en queue d'aronde. Il est à noter que la pièce 65 est obtenue avantageusement par découpe et pliage d'un flan d'origine. L'ancre comporte encore une pièce de tête 70 de forme plate, pourvue d'un trou de préhension 71 et comportant sur sa face de tranche avant 72 et en retrait d'une distance correspondant à l'épaisseur de la pièce centrale 66, deux ergots d'assemblage 73 destinés à être reçus dans des trous de forme complémentaire 75 dans la base de l'élément central 66 de la pièce 65. Comme il ressort des figures, l'ancre est obtenue par insertion de la tête 70 dans la partie centrale 66, les largeurs des deux pièces étant complémentaires. Bien entendu, les sections transversales des parties centrales 60 et 66 pourraient être différentes et par exemple circulaires.The Figures 9A to 9C illustrate an anchor that shows the anchor structure according to the Figures 8A to 8C but which is not covered by the claims. This anchor is obtained only from two pieces, namely a part 65 which has a central part in the shape of a U 66, similar to the part 60 of the Figure 8C , side wings 67 similar to the wings 61 and two tabs 68 which form a dovetail foot. It should be noted that the piece 65 is advantageously obtained by cutting and folding an original blank. The anchor further comprises a head piece 70 of flat shape, provided with a gripping hole 71 and having on its front edge face 72 and set back by a distance corresponding to the thickness of the central piece 66, two assembly pins 73 intended to be received in holes of complementary shape 75 in the base of the central element 66 of the piece 65. As can be seen from the figures, the anchor is obtained by inserting the head 70 into the part central 66, the widths of the two parts being complementary. Of course, the cross sections of the central portions 60 and 66 could be different and for example circular.

Bien entendu ces possibilités de structure d'ancre ne sont pas limitées aux différents modes de réalisation représentés aux figures qui n'ont été données qu'à titre d'exemple. En effet, grâce à sa conception modulaire pouvant utiliser plusieurs méplats de formes identiques ou différentes que l'on monte, le cas échéant, sur un organe de tête de forme appropriée, l'invention assure une parfaite adaptabilité aux conditions de manutention de l'élément de construction, notamment lorsqu'il s'agit de panneaux de béton d'une faible épaisseur. Etant donné que l'ancre selon l'invention est réalisable à partir de méplats et de têtes de forme simple, le prix de revient de l'ancre est faible bien que les performances de l'ancre soient excellentes. Il est à noter que la déformation des méplats pourrait être faite de toute manière appropriée, par exemple aussi par emboutissage.Of course these possibilities of anchor structure are not limited to the different embodiments shown in the figures which have been given by way of example. Indeed, thanks to its modular design that can use several flats of the same or different shapes that are mounted, if necessary, on a head member of appropriate shape, the invention ensures perfect adaptability to handling conditions of the building element, especially when it comes to thin concrete panels. Since the anchor according to the invention is feasible from flats and heads of simple shape, the cost price of the anchor is low although the performance of the anchor is excellent. It should be noted that the deformation of the flats could be made in any appropriate manner, for example also by stamping.

Comme il ressort de la description qui vient d'être faite et des figures, l'ancre selon l'invention présente des avantages majeurs par rapport aux ancres de l'état de la technique. A ce propos il est essentiel que l'ancre est formée par deux méplats de formes identiques ou différentes dont la section, la longueur, la largeur et la hauteur sont modulables suivant les caractéristiques géométriques techniques des panneaux. Les méplats de forme monobloc, jumelés ou juxtaposés comprennent plusieurs facettes obtenues par pliage d'un angle de 10 à 85°. Ces méplats à facettes seuls ou jumelés augmentent simultanément la surface d'adhérence, sollicitent le béton à la compression par des faces interne et externe des facettes et au cisaillement au droit des ancrages. L'ancre crée une masse comprimée à l'intérieur des facettes dans le cas de méplats jumelés. L'ancre peut fonctionner en levage, relevage, retournement et en traction oblique sans adjonction notamment de fers de renfort. La tête de l'ancre peut être du type sphérique, plate, à douille filetée et être connectée à un anneau de levage. La tête de l'ancre pourrait servir à positionner l'ancre avant le coulage du béton.As can be seen from the description which has just been given and from the figures, the anchor according to the invention has major advantages over the anchors of the state of the art. In this respect it is essential that the anchor is formed by two flats of identical or different shapes whose section, length, width and height are adjustable according to the technical geometric characteristics of the panels. The flats of monoblock shape, twinned or juxtaposed comprise several facets obtained by folding an angle of 10 to 85 °. These single or twin faceted flats simultaneously increase the adhesion surface, solicit concrete compression by internal and external facets and shear the right anchors. The anchor creates a compressed mass inside the facets in the case of twin flats. The anchor can operate in lifting, lifting, reversing and oblique traction without addition including reinforcing irons. The anchor head may be of the spherical, flat, threaded sleeve type and be connected to a lifting ring. The anchor head could be used to position the anchor before pouring the concrete.

Claims (8)

  1. A handling anchor, in particular for lifting, raising, turning, transporting and placing building elements such as prefabricated blocks or panels, in particular made from concrete, designed to be secured to a construction element and of the type comprising a head for fastening the building element to a handling vehicle and a body part including active portions which, when the anchor is secured to the building element, ensure the adhesion thereof to the material of the building element, characterized in that the part forming the body of the anchor includes two flats (2; 30, 31; 46; 47; 56, 57) with identical or different shapes each provided with at least two facets (14, 15, 16; 22, 23) and assembled to one another.
  2. The anchor according to claim 2, characterized in that one aforementioned flat includes a plurality of facets that follow one another while forming a zigzag sequence.
  3. The anchor according to claim 1, characterized in the anchor includes a head (32; 54; 62) for fastening to a handling vehicle, which constitutes a separate part on which the two flats are mounted.
  4. The anchor according to claim 3, characterized in that the member forming the head has a different shape adapted to the gripping means of the anchor.
  5. The anchor according to one of claims 2 to 4, characterized in that it includes side wings (51), one of which protrudes from each flat.
  6. The anchor according to claim 5, characterized in that the wings (61) are part of a separate piece (58) attached on the anchor with assembled flats.
  7. The anchor according the claim 6, characterized in that the separate piece (58) has a central part (60) with a transverse section in the form of a slot that is advantageously U-shaped or circular, adapted to be engaged on the assembled flats.
  8. The anchor according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the facets have an incline angle relative to the longitudinal direction of the anchor with an angle of from 10 to 85°.
EP06847130.9A 2006-12-22 2006-12-22 Anchor for handling building elements, in particular a concrete panel Active EP2097597B1 (en)

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JP (1) JP4998904B2 (en)
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US8402701B2 (en) 2013-03-26
AU2006352372B2 (en) 2013-03-21
NZ577831A (en) 2013-02-22
HK1133910A1 (en) 2010-04-09
CN101605953B (en) 2013-07-10
KR101391800B1 (en) 2014-05-07
BRPI0622165A2 (en) 2011-12-27
WO2008078008A1 (en) 2008-07-03
KR20100014328A (en) 2010-02-10
JP2010513759A (en) 2010-04-30
MX2009006616A (en) 2009-07-10
CA2672947A1 (en) 2008-07-03
CN101605953A (en) 2009-12-16
JP4998904B2 (en) 2012-08-15
US20120067001A1 (en) 2012-03-22
US20100058677A1 (en) 2010-03-11
EP2097597A1 (en) 2009-09-09
AU2006352372A1 (en) 2008-07-03
ES2476800T3 (en) 2014-07-15
CA2672947C (en) 2014-09-30

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