EP1587763A2 - Petite station d'epuration comprenant des etapes de traitement concentriques - Google Patents

Petite station d'epuration comprenant des etapes de traitement concentriques

Info

Publication number
EP1587763A2
EP1587763A2 EP04703170A EP04703170A EP1587763A2 EP 1587763 A2 EP1587763 A2 EP 1587763A2 EP 04703170 A EP04703170 A EP 04703170A EP 04703170 A EP04703170 A EP 04703170A EP 1587763 A2 EP1587763 A2 EP 1587763A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
treatment plant
plant according
sewage treatment
overflow
bioreactor
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
EP04703170A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Christian Uphoff
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Georg Fritzmeier GmbH and Co KG
Original Assignee
Georg Fritzmeier GmbH and Co KG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Georg Fritzmeier GmbH and Co KG filed Critical Georg Fritzmeier GmbH and Co KG
Publication of EP1587763A2 publication Critical patent/EP1587763A2/fr
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D21/00—Separation of suspended solid particles from liquids by sedimentation
    • B01D21/24—Feed or discharge mechanisms for settling tanks
    • B01D21/2427—The feed or discharge opening located at a distant position from the side walls
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D21/00—Separation of suspended solid particles from liquids by sedimentation
    • B01D21/0039—Settling tanks provided with contact surfaces, e.g. baffles, particles
    • B01D21/0042—Baffles or guide plates
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D21/00—Separation of suspended solid particles from liquids by sedimentation
    • B01D21/24—Feed or discharge mechanisms for settling tanks
    • B01D21/2405—Feed mechanisms for settling tanks
    • B01D21/2411—Feed mechanisms for settling tanks having a tangential inlet
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D21/00—Separation of suspended solid particles from liquids by sedimentation
    • B01D21/24—Feed or discharge mechanisms for settling tanks
    • B01D21/2444—Discharge mechanisms for the classified liquid
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D21/00—Separation of suspended solid particles from liquids by sedimentation
    • B01D21/24—Feed or discharge mechanisms for settling tanks
    • B01D21/245—Discharge mechanisms for the sediments
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2221/00—Applications of separation devices
    • B01D2221/02—Small separation devices for domestic application, e.g. for canteens, industrial kitchen, washing machines

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a biological small sewage treatment plant according to the preamble of patent claim 1.
  • microorganisms convert the organically usable ingredients of the wastewater to be processed into cell material or gases, such as CC> 2 , methane, hydrogen sulfide and others.
  • cell material or gases such as CC> 2 , methane, hydrogen sulfide and others.
  • aerobic and anaerobic processes whereby the more manageable aerobic processes are generally used in municipal sewage treatment plants.
  • decentralized solutions are sought.
  • Such decentralized wastewater treatment can be carried out, for example, by domestic wastewater treatment plants or local wastewater treatment plants. Particularly in recent years, great progress has been made in the design of such small wastewater treatment plants.
  • the wastewater to be treated is processed in a fixed bed reactor.
  • This fixed bed reactor has a fixed bed block with a large specific surface, which acts as a growth area for a microorganism population. This means that a biofilm is formed on the surface of the solid in which a large number of different types of bacteria can live side by side in a very small space.
  • These bacteria interact with the wastewater to be treated, with the known method of this biological purification being preceded by a mechanical purification stage.
  • Pressurized ventilation periodically circulates the contents of the activated sludge and waste water and supplies the microorganisms with the oxygen necessary for the aerobic cleaning process.
  • this aerobic biological purification can be followed by a further purification stage, for example nitrification and denitrification, with a switch being made between anoxic and aerobic phases during operation.
  • This nitrification and denitrification phase is followed by sedimentation of the solid ingredients (activated sludge) so that the sludge phase is separated from a clear water phase.
  • the clear water phase and the remaining excess sludge are drawn off after the setimentation and optionally further processed.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a small wastewater treatment plant that enables continuous operation with compact dimensions.
  • an essentially anaerobically operated bioreactor is arranged centrally and is surrounded by a nitrification / denitrification stage and a sedimentation chamber.
  • the wastewater to be treated in the solution according to the invention thus flows from the centrally located anaerobic bioreactor roughly in the radial direction (seen in plan view) to the outside into another bioreactor (nitrification / denitrification stage) and finally into the sedimentation room, in which the separation between the excess sludge and the clear water phase takes place. The two phases are then subtracted from this sedimentation space.
  • the entire system can be made extremely compact, with the connection of the individual stages being able to be carried out with minimal effort and without complex piping systems.
  • the connection between the individual stages takes place in each case by means of an overflow. I.e. , no pumps or the like are required to maintain the wastewater flow within the small sewage treatment plant. It is only necessary to ensure a predetermined wastewater volume flow in the area of the inlet by means of suitable flow guidance, for example by providing a feed pump. The further wastewater flow is determined by a suitable design of the overflows, so that no energy has to be supplied from the outside.
  • the elimination performance of the small sewage treatment plant can be improved if part of the wastewater treated in the denitrification / nitrification stage and in the sedimentation room is returned to the upstream stage.
  • the anaerobic bioreactor is preceded by an acidification stage in which microorganisms are supplied to control and stabilize the acidification and hydrolysis.
  • the acidification stage is preferably formed coaxially with the anaerobically operated bioreactor and is also connected to it via an overflow. It is preferred if this overflow opens into the bottom area of the anaerobic bioreactor.
  • the supply of the wastewater to be treated is particularly simple if the acidification stage or the bioreactor is preceded by a wastewater inlet that has an overflow tank, the overflow of which is also on the bottom side in the next stage, for example the acidification stage.
  • Such a wastewater inlet can have a mixing tank which is arranged in the overflow tank and feeds it via an overflow.
  • an annular gassing unit is preferably provided for supplying the oxygen required for the nitrification.
  • this stage is formed by a container with three sub-spaces, which are flowed through in a zigzag pattern from the inside to the outside.
  • the sub-rooms are designed so that a backflow to the upstream sub-room is also possible and thus the performance of the sewage treatment plant is improved.
  • the anaerobically operated bioreactor has two reactor spaces one above the other in the axial direction, between which a carrier layer for microorganisms is formed. A biofilm is formed on this carrier layer, which contains the microorganisms required for anaerobic degradation (immobilization).
  • This carrier layer can consist, for example, of a catalytically active ceramic and / or of a carrier material coated with activated carbon.
  • the bioreactor can be flared towards the bottom, so that there is a lower flow velocity in the bottom area than in the area above. This lower flow rate of the wastewater supports the sedimentation of solid particles in the bioreactor.
  • the wastewater is supplied in the region of the bottom of the bioreactor, this bottom then having a concavely curved shape, so that the wastewater is swirled. The soil then falls back towards its edge areas, so that a space is made available for the sediment to be deposited.
  • the bioreactor and the aerobic stage have an essentially round shape when viewed in the axial direction
  • the overflows for connecting individual stages can be formed by an overflow pipe which has a funnel-shaped inlet and preferably also a funnel-shaped outlet which opens into the bottom region of the downstream container.
  • a mixed culture is used for the biological treatment of the waste water, which contains a proportion of photosynthetically active microorganisms and luminous bacteria.
  • microorganisms are, for example, in DE 101 49 447 AI by the applicant described, so that for the sake of simplicity reference can be made to the relevant disclosure.
  • the mixed culture can furthermore also contain a proportion of nano-composite particles which are coated with a photocatlytically acting layer, for example made of iO 2 , and on which two poles are formed.
  • FIG. 1 shows a cross section through a biological small sewage treatment plant according to the invention
  • Figure 2 is a detailed representation of a bioreactor of another embodiment of a small wastewater treatment plant.
  • FIG. 1 shows a section through a small wastewater treatment plant 1, in which domestic or industrial wastewater is cleaned and which is designed for a capacity of 50 to 1000 equivalent inhabitants.
  • the small sewage treatment plant 1 basically consists of a wastewater inlet 2, an acidification stage 4, an anaerobically operated bioreactor 6, a denitrification / nitrification stage 8 encompassing this in a ring, a sedimentation chamber 10 encompassing the above-mentioned stages in plan view, and a sludge outlet 12 and a clear water outlet 14.
  • Acidification stage 4 and the anaerobically operated bioreactor 6 coaxial to a central axis 16 lying one above the other in the
  • the denitrification / Nitrification stage 8 and the sedimentation chamber 12 enclose the bioreactor 6, wherein in the top view the inlet 2, the acidification stage 4 and the bioreactor 6 and the denitrification / nitrification stage 8 each have an approximately circular cross section, while the top view of the sedimentation chamber preferably has one has a rectangular cross section. However, it is also possible to design the sedimentation space 10 to be circular or square.
  • the small wastewater treatment plant is preferably made of stainless steel.
  • the domestic or industrial wastewater to be cleaned arrives via a channel into a wastewater collection shaft, not shown, which serves for buffering quantity surges and as a pump template.
  • a pump installed in this wastewater collection shaft which can optionally be preceded by a cutting device for comminuting coarse wastewater constituents, then conveys the water to the wastewater inflow 2 shown in FIG upstream to reduce the proportion of solids in the wastewater.
  • the waste water inlet 2 has a central inlet pipe 18, via which the waste water is fed to a mixing tank 20.
  • the inlet pipe 18 opens just above the bottom of the mixing container 20, so that the waste water supplied is diverted and strongly swirled when it flows into the mixing container 20.
  • This turbulence indicated in FIG. 1 leads to the fact that sludge carried along with the wastewater can already settle in the radially outer regions of the mixing container 20. This swirl can be caused by an inclination the inlet pipe mouth 18 are supported with respect to the central axis 16.
  • the mixing tank 20 is arranged in an overflow tank 22, so that the waste water overflowing from the mixing tank 20 flows into the overflow tank 22. Its capacity is designed so that a uniform loading of the bioreactor 6 is ensured regardless of the delivery rate of the pump. A part of the sludge carried also settles in the overflow tank 22, this sludge and the sludge portion located in the mixing tank 20 can be removed via a sludge discharge, not shown.
  • the overflow tank 22 also has a return 24, via which excess waste water can be returned to the collecting shaft.
  • the overflow tank 22 is separated from the acidification stage 4 by a partition.
  • the wastewater pre-clarified in the overflow tank 22 is conducted by means of an overflow pipe 24 into the acidification stage 4 formed below the overflow tank 22.
  • the overflow pipe 24 has a funnel-shaped inlet 26 arranged at the level of the water level WSP of the overflow container 22 and a likewise funnel-shaped outlet 28 which opens in the region of the bottom of the acidification stage 4.
  • These funnel-shaped inlets and outlets 26, 28 can each be provided with V-shaped incisions 30, through which practically one depending on the height of the water level
  • Inlet or outlet cross section is formed.
  • Acidification level 4 becomes a macrobiotic
  • Luminous bacteria or light-emitting elements with a similar effect Contains microorganisms.
  • the interplay between the photosynthetically active microorganisms and the luminous bacteria means that the photosynthetically active microorganisms are stimulated to photosynthesis by the emitted light.
  • the microorganisms carry out photosynthesis with hydrogen sulfide and water as starting material and release sulfur or oxygen. They can also bind nitrogen and phosphate and break down organic and inorganic matter.
  • the specific composition of this microbiotic mixed culture for the sake of simplicity, reference is made to the above-mentioned DE 101 49 447 AI or DE 100 62 812 AI by the applicant.
  • the microorganisms used in the bioreactor 6 correspond to those which were fed to the acidification stage.
  • the overflow tube 24 in the edge region ie. H. at a distance from the central axis 16 of the overflow container 22 or the acidification stage 4 formed coaxially therewith.
  • a further overflow pipe 32 is arranged in the acidification stage 4, via which the acidified and hydrolyzed waste water is fed to the bioreactor 6.
  • This overflow tube 32 is arranged coaxially to the central axis 16 and has practically the same basic structure as the overflow tube 26.
  • the funnel-shaped inlet 26 is arranged at the level of the water level WSP of the acidification stage 4 and the funnel-shaped outlet 28 opens into the bottom region of the bioreactor 6 , Both the acidification stage 4 and the bioreactor 6 are flowed through from below, ie from the bottom, upwards to their respective overflow. As can be seen in FIG.
  • the bioreactor 6 has two reactor spaces 34, 36 lying one above the other in the axial direction, between which a carrier layer 38 for microorganisms, which will be described in more detail below, is arranged.
  • the reactor jacket delimiting the lower reactor space 34 is tapered in a conical shape from its bottom to the support layer 38.
  • a lower flow rate is established in the area of the bottom in the reactor than in the area of the support layer 38, so that the settling of excess sludge in the bottom area is supported.
  • This settling is further improved in the solution according to the invention by a special floor design.
  • the bottom of the bioreactor 6 is formed in the mouth region of the funnel-shaped outlet 28 with a concave swirling section 42, into which the outlet 28 is immersed. This swirling section 42, bulging towards its edge sections, then goes back into one
  • Reactor jacket 40 sloping bottom edge 44 through which a sedimentation space for the anaerobic sludge is formed.
  • the trigger 46 indicated in FIG. 1 is then provided for the anaerobic sludge.
  • the waste water entering the bioreactor 6 through the overflow pipe 32 is swirled by the concave swirling section 42, the sludge preferably settling in the edge sections of the reactor and collecting at the bottom edge 44.
  • the waste water flows upwards to the carrier layer 38.
  • This serves as a growth body for the microorganisms used and accordingly has the largest possible specific surface. This is formed on this carrier layer 38 Biofilm, through which the microorganisms used are immobilized.
  • the carrier layer 38 which practically forms a fixed bed consists of porous PU mats which are coated with activated carbon or some other suitable carrier material.
  • the anaerobic microorganisms immobilized in the biofilm break down the organic ingredients by methanation according to the known processes. I.e. In the sewage treatment plant according to FIG. 1, the acetogenic phase (acidification) is carried out essentially in acidification stage 4 and the methanogenic phase essentially in bioreactor 6.
  • the waste water After flowing through the fixed bed (carrier layer 38), the waste water reaches the reactor space 36 located at the top, the peripheral walls of which are also lined with carrier material 46 to form a biofilm and to immobilize microorganisms.
  • the resulting biogas is then drawn off from the small wastewater treatment plant 1 via a gas membrane 48 indicated in FIG. 1 and used for further use.
  • a photocatalytically active surface of the growth bodies very quickly leads to anoxygenic photosynthesis, so that the organic constituents of the waste water can be broken down quickly.
  • the microorganisms grow relatively quickly during the treatment of the waste water on the growth areas formed by the carrier layer 38 and the carrier material 46.
  • the flow rate in the reactor is set so that the shear stresses generated in the biofilm during the flow Excess biomass is removed and the resulting excess sludge is removed - clogging and clogging of the growth areas is thus prevented.
  • the reactor chamber 36 has an overflow through which the wastewater flows after the anaerobic biodegradation of organic constituents into a further biodegradation stage - the denitrification / nitrification stage 8.
  • This denitrification / nitrification stage - hereinafter called the D / N stage - is realized by a container which is divided into three annular spaces 54, 56, 58 by two internal partition walls 50, 52.
  • the outer jacket 60 of the D / N stage has a conical shape and tapers towards the bottom of the sewage treatment plant 4 (downward in FIG. 1).
  • An annular ventilation 62 is provided in the middle annular space 56, so that this space can be ventilated. This can be omitted under special operating conditions.
  • the required compressed air is generated by a small compressor.
  • the waste water flows from the reactor space 36 via the overflow into the inner annular space 54 and flows through it from top to bottom.
  • the waste water then enters the tapered bottom space 64 of the D / N stage and from there it enters the ventilated central annular space 56, which is open towards this bottom space 64.
  • a nitrification of the waste water then takes place in this annular space 56, i. H. there is a microbial oxidation of ammonium to nitrite and nitrate.
  • the waste water flows through the middle annular space 56 from bottom to top and then passes via an overflow 66 into the outer annular space 58. From this annular space 46, a partial flow is branched off into the sedimentation space via a further overflow 68, while the remaining portion lies inside Annulus 58 flows back down to the bottom space 64.
  • the bottom space 64 is connected via a backflow opening 70 to the reactor space 34 below, so that part of the waste water located in the bottom space 64 is returned to the anaerobically operated bioreactor 6, while another part, as shown by the arrows in FIG. 1 flows back into the annular space 56 and is nitrified there.
  • Denitrification takes place in the inner annular space 54, i. H. a reduction of the nitrate to gaseous nitrogen.
  • the wastewater can pass through both the anaerobically operated stage and the aerobically operated stage with the upstream denitrification, so that the efficiency of the plant can be significantly improved.
  • it can be advantageous to control the cross-sections that determine the backflow via actuating devices.
  • the wastewater flowing through the overflow 68 then reaches the sedimentation chamber 10, which is divided into two sub-chambers 74, 76 by a partition wall 72.
  • the wastewater flows downward along the inner partial space 74, is deflected in the floor area and then flows upward in the partial space 76 to the clear water outlet 14.
  • the sedimentation chamber 10 has a comparatively large cross-section, so that there are low flow velocities that support the settling of the excess sludge.
  • the deposition of the excess sludge is further improved by the sedimentation chamber 10 being rectangular in plan view and the associated large cross sections.
  • the excess sludge is then via the sludge discharge 12, for example via a suction pipe or The like deducted and the clear water flows through the clear water drain 14.
  • This clear water drain 14 is designed with suitable retention devices, via which solids still contained in the waste water can be retained.
  • the small sewage treatment plant described above is characterized by an extremely compact structure, the elimination performance being achieved by the anaerobic preliminary stage (bioreactor 6) and the aerobic aftertreatment
  • Acidification level 4 is achieved by adding the
  • the system is also characterized by minimal energy consumption, since only the pump for supplying the waste water and the compressor for ventilation are required to circulate the material flows. No pumps are required within the small sewage treatment plant to convey the wastewater between the individual stages.
  • the process according to the invention results in comparatively little and more easily settable excess sludge which can be easily removed from the small sewage treatment plant.
  • FIG. 2 shows a further possibility for forming growth surfaces by means of the carrier material 38.
  • the carrier material 38 alternately consists of a large-pore ceramic material, each of which is followed by a layer with a suitable catalyst, for example a PU carrier material 72 coated with activated carbon.
  • a suitable catalyst for example a PU carrier material 72 coated with activated carbon.
  • the catalytically active ceramic preferably being made of titanium dioxide is produced and has a pore diameter of approx. 20 mm.
  • the PU carrier material is comparatively small-pored and has a pore diameter of 2 mm.
  • the individual layers 70, 72 are flowed through in cascade fashion in succession in the manner shown in FIG. 2, so that an extremely large growth area is provided for the formation of a biofilm.
  • the flow is stabilized by the ceramic layer 70, while the biofilm is preferably formed on the next layer (PU carrier material / activated carbon), which is less prone to clogging due to the stabilized flow.
  • a small wastewater treatment plant is disclosed with an anaerobically operated reactor, a denitrification / nitrification stage and a sedimentation chamber, the anaerobic reactor being arranged in the center and the denitrification / nitrification stage and the sedimentation chamber encompassing the anaerobic reactor approximately in a ring, so that the above-mentioned stages move radially from the inside Be flowed through outside.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Purification Treatments By Anaerobic Or Anaerobic And Aerobic Bacteria Or Animals (AREA)
  • Biological Treatment Of Waste Water (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne une petite station d'épuration comprenant un réacteur anaérobie, un étage de dénitrification/nitrification et une chambre de sédimentation, le réacteur anaérobie se trouvant au centre et l'étage de dénitrification/nitrification et la chambre de sédimentation entourant le réacteur anaérobie de manière approximativement annulaire de sorte que lesdits étages sont parcourus en direction radiale de l'intérieur vers l'extérieur.
EP04703170A 2003-01-17 2004-01-19 Petite station d'epuration comprenant des etapes de traitement concentriques Ceased EP1587763A2 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10301858A DE10301858A1 (de) 2003-01-17 2003-01-17 Kleinkläranlage
DE10301858 2003-01-17
PCT/EP2004/000355 WO2004065307A2 (fr) 2003-01-17 2004-01-19 Petite station d'epuration

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1587763A2 true EP1587763A2 (fr) 2005-10-26

Family

ID=32602730

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP04703170A Ceased EP1587763A2 (fr) 2003-01-17 2004-01-19 Petite station d'epuration comprenant des etapes de traitement concentriques

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1587763A2 (fr)
DE (1) DE10301858A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2004065307A2 (fr)

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE10330959B4 (de) * 2003-07-08 2010-06-17 Umwelttechnik Georg Fritzmeier Gmbh & Co. Kg Biologischer Nachrüstsatz
DE102005050414A1 (de) * 2005-10-19 2007-04-26 Georg Fritzmeier Gmbh & Co. Kg Optoreaktor
AP1961A (en) * 2005-11-03 2009-02-27 Intaka Invest Proprietary Ltd A clarification vessel for a water treatment plant
BE1017279A3 (nl) * 2006-10-17 2008-05-06 Trevi Nv Werkwijze voor het vergisten van energierijke en nutrientrijke stoffen.
CN114956472B (zh) * 2022-06-16 2023-08-08 河海大学 一种模块化农村生活污水处理装置

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5783071A (en) * 1994-01-11 1998-07-21 Delta Environmental Products, Inc. Apparatus for treating wastewater
DE4409435C2 (de) * 1994-03-19 1995-06-14 Ott Peter Verfahren zur simultanen biologischen Phosphor- und Stickstoffelimination aus Abwasser
JP2896513B1 (ja) * 1998-04-17 1999-05-31 有限会社共栄設備 生活雑排水浄化処理装置
EP1020409A1 (fr) * 1999-01-15 2000-07-19 The Plastics Development Centre Limited Système de traitement d'eaux usées
US6210578B1 (en) * 1999-10-29 2001-04-03 Universidad Nacional Autonoma De Mexico Residual water treatment microplant for small flows
DE20022664U1 (de) * 2000-12-27 2002-01-03 Fritzmeier Georg Gmbh & Co Koditioniermittel zur Behandlung von Abwasser

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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Title
See references of WO2004065307A3 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2004065307A2 (fr) 2004-08-05
WO2004065307A3 (fr) 2004-09-23
DE10301858A1 (de) 2004-07-29

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