EP1586688A1 - Dehnbare, voluminöse, flachrohrförmige Strukture aus endlosen Filamenten - Google Patents

Dehnbare, voluminöse, flachrohrförmige Strukture aus endlosen Filamenten Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1586688A1
EP1586688A1 EP04008922A EP04008922A EP1586688A1 EP 1586688 A1 EP1586688 A1 EP 1586688A1 EP 04008922 A EP04008922 A EP 04008922A EP 04008922 A EP04008922 A EP 04008922A EP 1586688 A1 EP1586688 A1 EP 1586688A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
cross
lapped
flat
tube structure
batt
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Granted
Application number
EP04008922A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP1586688B1 (de
Inventor
Tomas Jung-Fu Chien
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V F T Inc
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V F T Inc
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Priority to ES04008922T priority Critical patent/ES2277167T3/es
Priority to EP04008922A priority patent/EP1586688B1/de
Priority to AT04008922T priority patent/ATE344846T1/de
Priority to DE602004003127T priority patent/DE602004003127T2/de
Publication of EP1586688A1 publication Critical patent/EP1586688A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1586688B1 publication Critical patent/EP1586688B1/de
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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/70—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of fibres
    • D04H1/74—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of fibres the fibres being orientated, e.g. in parallel (anisotropic fleeces)
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H13/00—Other non-woven fabrics
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H3/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length
    • D04H3/02—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of yarns or filaments
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H3/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length
    • D04H3/02—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of yarns or filaments
    • D04H3/04—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of yarns or filaments in rectilinear paths, e.g. crossing at right angles

Definitions

  • This invention is concerned with improvement in fiberfill batts, sometimes referred to as batting, and processes whereby such improved batts with desirable uniformity, balanced tensile strength in all directions, stretchability, and high loft may be obtained.
  • U.S. Patent No. 3747162 issued to Watson on 24 July 1973 discloses a conventional apparatus for producing a cross-lapped structure of crimped continuous filaments.
  • This conventional apparatus includes a banding device, a threaded roll device, a series of air spreaders, a pair of delivery rolls, a pair of rolls, a chute, a pneumatic or hydraulic cylinder, and an apron.
  • a tow of some 30,000 adjacent crimped continuous filaments is delivered from a container (not numbered) to the banding device.
  • the tow is delivered to the threaded roll device, where the crimped continuous filaments are de-registered.
  • the crimped continuous filaments are delivered to the air spreaders, where air jets are used to spread the crimped continuous filaments to form a spread web.
  • the spread web is delivered to the delivery rolls, about which the spread web makes an S-wrap.
  • the spread web is delivered to the pair of rolls, where the spread web makes an S-wrap. From the rolls, the spread web is delivered to the chute made of doors.
  • the chute is oscillated via the pneumatic or hydraulic cylinder connected with one of the doors. From the chute, the spread web is laid onto the apron in the form of a roll-driven endless belt.
  • the oscillated chute and the roll-driven endless belt together produce a cross-lapped structure of crimped continuous filament.
  • this conventional apparatus several problems have been encountered. Firstly, after leaving the chute, the spread web billows out transversely. This makes the spread web thinner towards its lateral edges.
  • the chute is oscillated, i.e., the lower end of the chute is reciprocated between two dead ends.
  • the speed of the lower end of the chute reaches its minimum value, i.e., 0, at two end points of its travel, and reaches its maximum value at a midpoint between the end points. By doing so, the lower end of the chute stays longer at the end points than at the midpoint. Since the spread web is delivered at a constant rate, the chute releases more weight of less-extended crimped continuous filaments when reaching the end points than when reaching the midpoint. Hence the cross-lapped structure is thinner along a midline than along the two sides. Thirdly, since the speed of the lower edges of the doors is much greater than that of a point of the roll-driven endless belt, the cross-lapped intersect angle between layers of spread web is very small.
  • the spread web from crimped continuous filaments actually extends substantially transverse to a longitudinal direction, or machine direction (MD), of the cross-lapped structure.
  • MD machine direction
  • the cohesion between layers of spread web in the cross-lapped structure is poor, and they cannot adequately hold on to each other.
  • the cross-lapped structure also exhibits poor dimensional stability, especially along the midline where the weight and thickness are lowest. Therefore, resin bonding, needle punching, or thermal bonding must be used to minimize these problems.
  • the present invention is therefore intended to obviate or at least alleviate these problems.
  • the present invention provides a new machine and process to make a cross-lapped flat-tube structure or batting of crimped continuous filaments with optimum balance of tensile strength in all directions, especially in machine (MD) and cross-machine (CD) directions, with good stretch recovery properties, dimensional stability, and high loft, and overcomes the important deficiencies mentioned above in the prior art.
  • This invention uses crimped continuous filaments tow band wrapping at constant tension and speed around a batt-forming device which spreads, extends, and cross-laps this tow continuously to form a uniform batting having balanced tensile strength and to provide structural stability and stretch recovery properties.
  • Uncrimped continuous filaments having extendible properties such as elastic fibers or latent crimped fibers, etc., which can be spread, extended, and cross-lapped can also be used with this invention.
  • the fiber orientation can achieve between a 10- and 70-degree angle, preferably a 30- to 60-degree angle, vs.
  • the CD direction and achieve a fiber orientation between cross-lapped layers of close to a 20- to 140-degree angle, preferably a 60- to 120-degree angle.
  • the fiber orientation can be maintained at about a 45-degree angle vs. the CD direction, and the fiber orientation between cross-lapped layers at close to a 90-degree angle.
  • This combination of fiber orientation in a spread flat-tube structure provides the best balance in MD and CD strength with a ratio of 1:1 so that there are essentially no weak spots in the cross-lapped flat-tube structure regardless of which direction the structure is pulled.
  • the resulting cross-lapped flat-tube structure also exhibits excellent stretch recovery properties, dimensional stability, and high loft. Since the cross-lapped structure is formed from continuous filaments into an endless flat tube with good cohesion between individual fibers and between spread tow layers, one can use it directly without additional bonding process for insulated apparel, sleeping bags, bedding articles, and furniture applications, thus eliminating the deficiencies of the conventional cross-lapped batting made by the prior art mentioned above.
  • the advantage of wrapping the batt-forming device under constant tension and speed throughout the spreading, extending, and cross-lapping process eliminates the deficiency of the prior art of forming a thinner web on the lateral edges and the weight uniformity problem, especially in the midline of the final batting.
  • a complete balance of the tensile strength and stretchability in MD and CD directions can be achieved, hence eliminating the deficiencies of the prior art, which has poor tensile strength and dimensional stability in the MD, or longitudinal, direction.
  • the cross-lapped flat-tube structure maintains the strength advantage of the spun bonded fabric but with improved stretchability, loft, and softness vs. spun bonded fabric.
  • No resin, or thermal bonding, or mechanical entanglement such as needle punching is required for the cross-lapped flat-tube structure of this invention. If desired, one can also use the above conventional bonding processes to even further increase the batting strength but with increased stiffness.
  • cross-lapped structure by this invention is formed under pre-determined constant tension and precise mechanically controlled spreading, extending, and cross-lapping, the stress applied on each filament is similar.
  • This cross-lapped flat tube structure can be used for insulated apparel, sleeping bags, bedding, and furniture applications without further bonding steps such as resin bonding, needle punching, and thermal bonding with low-melting binder fiber, which normally reduce softness and/or loft. Due to the unique stretchability property of the cross-lapped flat tube structure of this invention, it can easily regenerate its loft and resiliency from compression during shipping and storage by slightly stretching or fluffing the final products.
  • the differences between the cross-lapped flat-tube structure of this invention and spun bonded fabric are significant.
  • the present invention allows fiber orientation at a 45-degree angle vs. the CD direction and a 90-degree angle between cross-lapped layers of spread tow for balanced strength.
  • the resulting structure can be used directly without bonding vs. spun bonded batting, which must be bonded to stabilize the structure.
  • the cross-lapped flat-tube structure of this invention is softer and provides higher loft.
  • the continuous filaments used in this invention can be crimped as an option vs. no crimp for spun bonded filaments directly extruded from spinnerets, therefore exhibiting its stretch recovery properties.
  • Spun bonded battings are limited to low fiber orientation angles, no crimp in each filament, and a rigidly bonded structure leading to rigid and low-loft nonwoven fabric or batting.
  • the unique design of the batt-forming device allows multiple numbers of tows of crimped continuous filaments to be simultaneously fed onto the feeding zone and subsequently to be spread in the spreading zone.
  • each tow fed from a different feeding device can be different in fiber type, denier, fiber cross-section, and other variables, resulting in a heterogeneous batt in one single step by the present invention, whereas an expensive multiple-step process or complicated layering mechanism is required to achieve a similar composition by other methods.
  • Almost any kind of fiber, such as nylon, polyester, polypropylene, and elastic fibers, just to name a few, can be used in this invention. There is no fiber denier limitation in this invention.
  • a machine and process for producing a cross-lapped flat-tube structure of crimped continuous filaments includes two separate feeding devices 2a and 2b located 180 degrees apart from one another; a spreading, extending, and cross-lapping device 4, which will be called the batt-forming device 4; and a conveying device 6.
  • a tow 1 of crimped continuous filaments is fed from each of the feeding devices 2a and 2b to the batt-forming device 4, where the tow 1 is spread, extended, and cross-lapped.
  • a cross-lapped flat-tube structure of crimped continuous filaments is delivered to the conveying device 6 and subsequently to the windup equipment.
  • the feeding devices 2a and 2b each consist of a container 8a and 8b respectively in which the tow is stored and a series of rolls 10a and 10b respectively for spreading and feeding the tow 1 from the containers 8a and 8b to the batt-forming device 4.
  • a mechanism is used to carry and drive the feeding devices 2a and 2b wrapping around the batt-forming device 4 continuously either in a clockwise or counter-clockwise direction for producing a continuous cross-lapped flat-tube structure of crimped continuous filaments. Such a mechanism is not shown since it is not the spirit or an essential part of the present invention.
  • the batt-forming device 4 includes two groups of pin-covered conveyors 12a and 12b, and two curved plates 14a and 14b between which the two groups of conveyors are arranged.
  • the first group 12a is arranged near one edge of each of the plates 14a and 14b, and the second group 12b is arranged on the opposite edge of each of the plates 14a and 14b.
  • Each group of the conveyors 12a and 12b extend a portion beyond the edges of plates 14a and 14b for engagement with the tows 1 of crimped continuous filaments, which are wrapped around the batt-forming device 4.
  • 12a and 12b each consist of two groups of conveyors.
  • a slower-moving conveyor is in the feeding zone located in the upper section of the batt-forming device 4, and a faster-moving conveyor in the spreading zone is located in the lower section of the batt-forming device 4.
  • the conveyors in the upper section of the batt-forming device 4 within the feeding zone indicated as Fca and Fcb, which comprise two separate but identical conveyors, are driven by rolls of slower but identical rotating speed in both 12a and 12b. Therefore, the surface speeds of conveyors in the feeding zone are identical at 12a and 12b.
  • the advantage of the two separate conveyors in the feeding zone is to provide additional anchor points and supports of the engaged tow band in the feeding zone so that they can prevent a potential filament entanglement problem within the tow band during the engaging and transferring processes within the feeding zone.
  • These two conveyors identified in each of Fca and Fcb respectively as shown have identical construction and surface speed, and the conveyors are parallel to each other.
  • the conveyor belt surfaces are covered with coarse pins extended on the surfaces to provide enough friction to hold filaments of the tow 1 in place and transport them to the spreading zone.
  • Figure 5 shows that, because the surface speed of the pin-wheel La is faster than that of the conveyor Fca in the feeding zone, the filaments are caught and picked up from the tow band and are separated from the majority of the filaments in the tow 1, which is still being held by coarse pins on the conveyors in the feeding zone.
  • the rest of the tow band is moved downward continuously by conveyors in the feeding zone toward the fast-moving pin-wheel La until all filaments are picked up. Since the pin-wheel La picks up filaments in sequence and at a faster speed, the filaments on pin-wheel La are also parallel to each other but are further apart. The resulting spread batt on pin-wheel La's surface is much thinner than the thickness of the original tow 1 fed onto the conveyors in the feeding zone.
  • the filaments in the leading edge of the spread batt on pin-wheels La and Lb are caught by the finer pins on the surface of the even faster-moving conveyors Sca and Scb in the spreading zone.
  • the conveyors Sca and Scb are different from the conveyors Fca and Fcb in the feeding zone, and each forms only a single wider conveyor.
  • the filaments are caught and picked up by finer pins on conveyors Sca and Scb in the spreading zone from the leading edge of the spread batt and are separated from the majority of the filaments in the spread batt which are still being held by fine pins on the pin-wheels La and Lb.
  • the rest of the spread batt is moved downward continuously by pin-wheels La and Lb toward the faster-moving conveyors Sca and Scb in the spreading zone until all filaments are picked up by finer pins in conveyors Sca and Scb in the spreading zone.
  • the resulting spread structure on conveyors Sca and Scb in the spreading zone is a uniform, thin batt of spread crimped continuous filaments which are parallel to each other.
  • the ratio of the surface speed of the conveyors Sca and Scb in the spreading zone to that in the feeding zone is defined as the spread ratio.
  • the spread ratio determines the filament orientation angle and the cross-lapped layer angle, as will be described later.
  • the surface speed of the pin-wheels La and Lb is faster than that of the conveyors Fca and Fcb in the feeding zone, but is slower than that of the conveyors Sca and Scb in the spreading zone. Since the pin-wheels La and Lb act as a separating wheel to separate filaments from the tow bundle and to transfer the resulting thinner batt to the conveyors Sca and Scb in the spreading zone for further spreading, the speed of the pin-wheels La and Lb does not change the spread ratio of the final product. However, the pin-wheel speed is adjusted based on the tow denier, crimp level, and cohesiveness of the filaments so that the filaments can be separated from the tow bundle without entanglement or damage for the uniform spreading operation.
  • the batt-forming device 4 consists of four groups of conveyors 12a, 12a-1, 12b, and 12b-1 instead of the two described above; each group has two conveyors in the feeding zone and one conveyor in the spreading zone.
  • the composition of each group of conveyors in Figure 6 is identical to that described in Figure 2 identified as 12a and 12b.
  • the components of these two additional groups of conveyors 12a-1 and 12b-1 are the same as those of 12a and 12b described in Figures 3 to 5 with the exception that 12a-1 and 12b-1 are opposite to each other but are located 90 degrees away from 12a and 12b respectively.
  • 12a-1 and 12b-1 each has a group of pin-wheels La-1 and Lb-1 respectively in between the feeding zone and spreading zone.
  • the principle operation of the batt-forming device 4 is identical to that described above, but a wider flat-tube structure can be made evenly from a wider batt-forming device 4. Because the tow of crimped continuous filaments has very good cohesion between the filaments, it is difficult to separate the individual filaments from each other if the distance between the two conveyors in which the tow 1 is engaged is large.
  • the filament cohesive force between the two supporting conveyors can be overcome by the spreading force asserted on the filaments. And as the filament cohesive force is overcome, the crimped continuous filaments can be spread evenly and smoothly, instead of sporadically, when cohesive force is overridden to form a uniform flat-tube structure. More detailed illustrations will be given below.
  • the conveying device 6 includes two rolls 16 and an endless belt 18 mounted on and driven by the rolls 16 for delivering the cross-lapped flat-tube structure produced by the batt-forming device 4.
  • two 0.25-meter-wide tows of crimped continuous filaments are delivered from 8a and 8b respectively, wrapping around a 2-meter-wide batt-forming device 4 at a speed of 0.25 meter per second, which is identical to that of the conveyor speed in the spreading zone.
  • the conveyor speed in the feeding zone is 1/8 of that of the conveyors in the spreading zone, or 0.03125 meter per second, resulting in a spread ratio of 8.
  • tows 1 delivered from containers 8a and 8b have traveled the distance of 2 meters between conveyors 12a and 12b, with Figure 7 showing the first 0 second of traveling, Figure 8 showing the 8 th second of traveling, Figure 9 showing the 16 th second of traveling, and Figure 10 showing the 24 th second of traveling.
  • the first portions of the engaged tows 1 have been spread from 0.25 meter to 2 meters in the spreading zone.
  • 8a and 8b are traveling in the same direction but are 180 degrees apart, each spread tow pattern is also the opposite and mirror image of the other.
  • a continuous flat tube of spread crimped continuous filaments is formed continuously.
  • the first portion of tow 1 engaged with 12a in Figures 7 to 10 having a 2-meter-wide batt-forming device 4 has been spread from 0.25 meter to 2 meters in the spreading zone, forming a 45 degree filament orientation angle between 12a and 12b.
  • the engaged tow at 12a also has been spread from 0.25 meter to 2 meters in the spreading zone, and the engaged tow at 12b-1 is only spread from 0.25 meter to 1 meter in the spreading zone because tow 1 engaged with 12b-1 is 4 seconds late after engaging with 12a. Therefore, the filament orientation is still maintaining 45 degrees, the same as the above, as is shown in Figure 11.
  • the spread tow formation is the same whether 12b-1 is installed in the batt-forming device 4 or not.
  • the same situation can be applied with 12a-1 relative to the spread tow formation.
  • the advantage of the additional two groups of conveyors 12a-1 and 12b-1 as described previously is reducing the distance between engaging conveyors to override the cohesive force exhibited in the tow 1 of crimped continuous filaments so that uniform and smooth spreading can be achieved to form a uniform flat-tube structure.
  • additional groups of conveyors in the feeding zone and the spreading zone are beneficial to overcome the cohesive force of the crimped continuous filaments for a successful spreading operation.
  • the two separate tows 1 being fed from containers 8a and 8b respectively have a different configuration compared to that shown in Figure 1.
  • the tows 1 shown in Figure 1 and described in this embodiment are very uniform tow bands which can be characterized as having essentially the same thickness, density, and continuity across the width of the tow band.
  • the resulting cross-lapped flat-tube structure is a homogeneous, uniform structure in appearance and in properties, having balanced tensile strength in all directions and providing structural stability and stretch recovery properties.
  • the tow bands shown in Figure 12 are separated into many small bundles of filaments by an additional special device, such as separating guide pins or guide rolls in 10a and 10b respectively, before feeding them to the batt-forming device 4.
  • the resulting bundles of filaments within the tow band are separated from each other with a definite gap between them, with the distance depending on the design of the separating device.
  • These heterogeneous tow bands consisting of many small bundles of filaments and space in between them can form a heterogeneous cross-lapped flat-tube structure of crimped continuous filaments using the same machine and process of the present invention.
  • the resulting heterogeneous cross-lapped flat-tube structure has essentially the same structure and characteristics, mainly having a balance of tensile strength in all directions and providing structural stability and stretch recovery properties with some exceptions. There are many empty spaces without filaments formed along each layer of the batt and many holes created within the cross-lapped structure, as shown in Figure 12.
  • the resulting cross-lapped flat-tube structure has the appearance of a loosely woven structure in the form of mesh wire or fishing net, with many holes between filament cross-over points.
  • This structure provides unique attributes, such as high air permeability through open holes for good breathability with low density, resiliency, and good support, which can be used as components to satisfy important requirements in mattress and furniture applications.
  • This further demonstrates the flexibility and versatility of the present invention.
  • This aspect of the present invention can be used singularly or in combination with other aspects of the present invention as described in all embodiments of the present invention.
  • the present invention can also provide a very uniform flat-tube structure with very little or no cross-lapped marks as normally appear in a conventional cross-lapped structure described in prior art.
  • a thin but wider tow band can be used to achieve a much more uniform flat-tube structure with essentially no cross-lapped marks between layers.
  • the cross-lapped angle between the two cross-lapped layers is ideally 90 degrees for equal strength in MD and CD directions.
  • Other cross-lapped layer angles can be achieved by this invention by adjusting the traveling speed of feeding devices 2a and 2b wrapping around the batt-forming device 4 and the spread ratio of the conveyor speeds between spreading zone and feeding zone.
  • the cross-lapped layer angles between about 20 and 140 degrees for specific desired tensile strength, stretchability, and loft. It is desirable that the spread tow leaves the batt-forming device 4 for the conveying device 6 when the section of the tow 1 between the first and second portions is at an appropriate angle from the section of the tow 1 between the second and third portions. The angle will determine the tensile strength ratio between MD and CD directions of the cross-lapped flat-tube structure.
  • the flat tube of the present invention is an endless tube structure with very good uniformity throughout the entire structure, including edges and center, with dimensional stability, good stretchability, and high loft as shown in Figure 15, whereas the batt created by a conventional cross-lapping method is a folding-layer structure which has the appearance of fish scales which can be peeled off layer by layer as shown in Figure 16, with deficiencies of uniformity, poor cohesion between layers, poor balance of MD and CD tensile strength, and inadequate dimensional stability.
  • the feeding devices 2a and 2b are located at identical height in the feeding zone relative to the batt-forming device 4, and they are separated by 180 degrees and rotate around the batt-forming device 4 in a clockwise direction.
  • the feeding devices 2a and 2b can be at different heights in the feeding zone relative to the batt-forming device 4, be different degrees apart, and rotate in different directions around the batt-forming device 4.
  • both feeding devices are located above the dividing line between the feeding zone and spreading zone, a flat-tube structure from spread tow 1 of crimped continuous filaments can be produced by the present invention.
  • a machine and process for producing a cross-lapped flat-tube structure of crimped continuous filaments includes a single feeding device 2; a spreading, extending, and cross-lapping device 4, which will be called the batt-forming device 4; and a conveying device 6.
  • a tow 1 of crimped continuous filaments is fed from the feeding device 2 to the batt-forming device 4, where the tow 1 is spread, extended, and cross-lapped.
  • From the batt-forming device 4, a cross-lapped flat-tube structure of crimped continuous filaments is delivered to the conveying device 6.
  • the feeding device 2 consists of a container 8 in which the tow 1 is stored and a series of rolls 10 for spreading and feeding the tow 1 from the container 8 to the batt-forming device 4.
  • a mechanism is used to carry and drive the feeding device 2 wrapping around the batt-forming device 4 continuously, either in a clockwise or counterclockwise direction for producing a continuous cross-lapped flat-tube structure of crimped continuous filaments.
  • the batt-forming device consists of two groups of pin-covered conveyors 12a and 12b and two curved plates as shown in Figures 2 to 4.
  • the description of the composition and operation of the batt-forming device 4 is identical to that in the first embodiment of the present invention and is shown in Figures 2 to 4.
  • the operation of the second embodiment of the present invention is similar to that of the first embodiment of the present invention except a single container is needed as described as container 8a in the first embodiment of the present invention.
  • the other exception is that the conveyor speed of 12a and 12b in the feeding zone is even slower than that of the tow delivery speed from the series of rolls 10, for example, 1/16 instead of 1/8, as in the case of the first embodiment.
  • a single feeding device can cover the total area needed for two feeding devices as shown in Figures 7 to 10. In order to keep a spread ratio of 8, the conveyor speed in the spreading zone is eight times faster than that of the conveyor speed in the feeding zone.
  • the tow 1 speed from container 8 wrapping around the batt-forming device 4 is actually twice (2x) that of the conveyor speed in the spreading zone.
  • container 8 has made one complete circle (360 degrees) around the batt-forming device 4 and engaged a third portion of the tow 1 with 12a instead of just traveling half a circle (or 180 degrees) or engaging a second portion of tow 1 with 12b.
  • a machine and process for producing a cross-lapped flat-tube structure of crimped continuous filaments includes four separate feeding devices 2a and 2b located at the same height relative to the batt-forming device 4, both rotating in the same direction as shown in Figure 1, and 2c and 2d located at the same height but higher than that of 2a and 2b relative to the batt-forming device 4, both rotating in the same direction, which could be the same as or different from the direction of 2a and 2b.
  • 2a and 2b rotate clockwise around the batt-forming device 4 and both are located just above the dividing line between the feeding zone and the spreading zone.
  • the other two feeding devices 2c and 2d rotate counter-clockwise around the batt-forming device 4 and are located higher above both 2a and 2b and also further away from the dividing line between the feeding zone and the spreading zone.
  • the procedure of engaging and spreading the tows 1 of crimped continuous filaments from containers 8a and 8b is identical to that of the three sequences (1), (2), and (3) described previously in the first embodiment of the present invention shown in Figure 1.
  • the other two feeding devices 2c and 2d are located opposite to each other but above 2a and 2b relative to the batt-forming device 4.
  • a first portion of the tow 1 of crimped continuous filaments is delivered from the container 8c through feeding and spreading rolls 10c to conveyor 12a in the feeding zone. Soon after the first portion of the tow 1 is engaged with the moving conveyor in the feeding zone 12a, the engaged portion of the tow 1 is being transported downward at a slower speed than that of the tow 1 delivery speed from 10c.
  • a first portion of the tow 1 of crimped continuous filaments is delivered from container 8d through feeding and spreading rolls 10d to conveyor 12b in the feeding zone. Soon after the first portion of the tow 1 is engaged with the moving conveyor 12b in the feeding zone, the engaged portion of the tow 1 is being transported downward in similar fashion as the engaged tow 1 from container 8c.
  • feeding device 2c is rotated 180 degrees counterclockwise around the back of the batt-forming device 4, or facing the curved plate 14b in Figure 2
  • a second portion of the tow 1 of crimped continuous filaments is delivered from container 8c through feeding and spreading rolls 10c and is engaged with conveyor 12b in the feeding zone.
  • the feeding device 2d is also rotated 180 degrees counterclockwise around the front of the batt-forming device 4 or facing the curved plate 14a in Figure 2, and a second portion of the tow 1 of crimped continuous filaments is delivered from container 8d through feeding and spreading rolls 10d and engaged with conveyor 12a in the feeding zone.
  • the process is repeated with the third and fourth portions of tows 1 of crimped continuous filaments from feeding devices 2c and 2d and the process is repeated continuously.
  • the engaged tows 1 in the feeding zone delivered from containers 8c and 8d are transferred along the downward moving conveyors 12a and 12b in the feeding zone for a distance until they reach close to the dividing line of the feeding zone and spreading zone and are laid over and combined with tows 1 from feeding devices 2a and 2b.
  • the locations of the feeding devices 2a and 2b can be at the same or different heights above the dividing line between the feeding zone and the spreading zone. They may rotate in the same or different direction either clockwise or counterclockwise around the batt-forming device 4.
  • the locations of feeding devices 2c and 2d are higher than those of 2a and 2b but each can be at the same or different heights and rotate in the same or different directions around the batt-forming device 4.
  • the ratio of surface speed of the conveyors in the spreading zone to that in the feeding zone is expressed as the spread ratio.
  • the spread ratio determines the filament orientation angle vs. the CD direction and the cross-lapped angle between layers of the flat-tube structure.
  • a machine and process for producing a flat-tube structure of spread crimped continuous filaments includes two separate feeding devices 22a and 22b. Each consists of multiple containers 9a, 10a, and 11a in 22a, and 9b, 10b, and 11b in 22b; a spreading, extending and cross-lapping device 4, now called the batt-forming device 4 comprising a feeding zone and spreading zone, with composition identical to that in Figures 2 to 4, and a conveying device 6.
  • the number of containers in feeding devices 22a and 22b varies from 2 to 100, depending on the denier and the width of the tow 1 in each container.
  • a tow 1 of crimped continuous filaments is fed from each of the containers in feeding devices 22a and 22b to the batt-forming device 4 where the tow 1 is spread, extended and cross-lapped into a flat-tube structure and is finally delivered to conveying device 6.
  • the batt-forming device 4 and conveying device 6 in Figure 19 are identical to that in Figures 1 and 18.
  • the mechanism of spreading, extending and cross-lapping according to this embodiment of the present invention is the same as described in Figure 1, except multiple numbers of tows 1 are fed to the batt-forming device 4 from each of the feeding devices 22a and 22b.
  • More than two additional feeding devices as described as 22a and 22b in Figure 18 can be used with the present invention to make various basis weights and compositions of the flat-tube structure.
  • a feeding mechanism can consist of a track circle around the batt-forming device 4, which is fed by feeding devices 2 moving around the track at a pre-determined speed.
  • the conveyors in the batt-forming device 4 can move upward instead of downward as shown in Figure 1, so that the conveyors in the feeding zone are at the lower level and the conveyors in the spreading zone are at the upper level.
  • the conveying device 6 and windup rolls 61 are also located at the higher level of the machine.
  • the composition of the batt-forming device 4 is identical to that in Figure 1 with the same components as in Figures 2 to 4, except the conveyors in the feeding zone and the spreading zone are moving upward instead of downward.
  • the principle of spreading, extending, and cross-lapping is exactly the same as that of the first embodiment of the present invention.
  • a commercially feasible and economically viable machine and process for producing a flat-tube structure of spread tow 1 of crimped continuous filaments includes a system composed of a batt-forming device 4, a conveying device 6, and a windup device 61, all connected to a rotating platform, and two or more stationary feeding devices 2.
  • the composition of the batt-forming device 4 is identical to that in Figure 1, with the same components as in Figures 2 to 4, except the conveyors in the feeding zone and spreading zone are moving upward instead of moving downward.
  • the principle of spreading, extending, and cross-lapping is exactly the same as that of the first embodiment of the present invention.
  • tows 1 of crimped continuous filaments are fed from stationary feeding devices 2 wrapping around the conveyors in the feeding zone at the lower level of the rotating batt-forming device 4. These engaged tows 1 are then spread in the spreading zone on the upper level and subsequently delivered to conveying device 6, followed by windup device 61.
  • the ratio of the surface speed of the conveyors in the spread zone to that in the feeding zone is expressed as the spread ratio.
  • the basis weight of the flat-tube structure, the angle between the filaments and the CD direction of the flat tube, and the cross-lapped angle between layers are determined by the combinations of the feeding speed of the tows, the width of the tow 1, and the spread ratio.
  • the feeding devices 2 can be at the same level as shown in Figure 21, or in different platforms with various heights so that each tow 1 can be fed in different heights in the feeding zone of the batt-forming device 4.
  • the number of containers in each feeding device 2 can vary from 2 to 100, depending on the denier and the width of the tow 1 in each container.
  • the rotating batt-forming device in Figure 21 can be driven by some other means other than the rotating platform as shown.
  • the batt-forming device 4 also can be arranged in the same configuration as in Figure 1, where the conveyors in both the feeding zone and the spreading zone are moving downward, so that tows can be fed from the stationary feeding devices 2 to the feeding zone and transferred to the spreading zone one floor below. Subsequently, the spread flat tube is delivered to the conveying device 6 and windup unit 61 at the lower floor.
  • a tow 1 of crimped continuous filaments with 100,000 filaments and total denier of 600,000 having a width of 0.125 meter is fed from container 8a through a series of feeding and spreading rolls 10a which widen it to a 0.25-meter tow band, then wrap it clockwise around a 2-meter-wide batt-forming device 4 and engage it with conveyor 2a in the feeding zone at a speed equal to 0.25 meter per second.
  • the feeding zone conveyor surface speed is about 0.03125 meter per second, which is about 1/8 of the feeding speed of the tow 1 wrapping around the batt-forming device 4.
  • the tow 1 is spread by conveyor 12a in the spreading zone at a surface speed of 0.25 meter per second, resulting in a spread ratio of 8, which is equal to the conveyor surface speed in the spreading zone divided by the conveyor surface speed in the feeding zone.
  • the first portion of the tow 1 at 12a has already been spread from 0.25 meters to 2 meters wide to form a batt with a 45-degree angle relative to the CD direction. Therefore, the original crimp in the continuous filaments is being extended, and the individual filaments in the tow 1 are spread and separated from each other.
  • the first portion of the original 0.25-meter-wide tow band becomes a 2-meter spread and extended batt.
  • a second tow band of crimped continuous filaments with 100,000 filaments and total denier of 600,000 having a width of 0.25 meters is fed from container 8b through a series of feeding and spreading rolls 10b wrapping from the opposite position around the same 2-meter-wide batt-forming device 4 and engaged with conveyor 12b in the feeding zone at a speed equal to that of container 8a.
  • a second spread, extended batt is formed similar to that of the first spread, extended batt.
  • the two spread, extended batts form a cross-lapped structure with a cross-lapped angle about 90 degrees between the two batts. At this 90-degree angle, the cross-lapped structure has equal strength in both MD and CD directions, good stretch recovery properties, and high loft.
  • these two tow bands from two separate feeding devices 8a and 8b make a continuous flat-tube structure as shown in Figure 13, with basis weight of about 100 grams per square meter.
  • This flat-tube structure has layers wrapping around in continuous tubular form which cannot be peeled off, in contrast to the case of the conventional cross-lapped structure.
  • a tow 1 of crimped continuous filaments with 100,000 filaments and total denier of 600,000 as in Example 1 is fed to the batt-forming device 4 at the same speed as in Example 1.
  • a second tow 1 is also identical to that of Example 1 and is fed to the batt-forming device 4 as described in Example 1.
  • the only exception is that the spread ratio is 4 instead of 8 as in Example 1.
  • the resulting spread flat-tube structure has filament orientation of about a 27-degree angle relative to the CD direction.
  • the flat-tube structure has a cross-lapped angle between layers of about 54 degrees.
  • a tow 1 of crimped continuous filaments with 100,000 filaments and total denier of 600,000 as in Example 1 is fed to the batt-forming device at speed as in Example 1.
  • a second tow 1 identical to that of Example 1 is fed to batt-forming device 4 as described in Example 1.
  • the only exception is that the spread ratio is 12 instead of 8 as in Example 1.
  • the resulting spread flat-tube structure has a filament orientation of about a 56-degree angle relative to the CD direction, and a cross-lapped angle between layers of about 112 degrees.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Nonwoven Fabrics (AREA)
  • Yarns And Mechanical Finishing Of Yarns Or Ropes (AREA)
  • Woven Fabrics (AREA)
EP04008922A 2004-04-15 2004-04-15 Dehnbare, voluminöse, flachrohrförmige Strukture aus endlosen Filamenten Expired - Lifetime EP1586688B1 (de)

Priority Applications (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ES04008922T ES2277167T3 (es) 2004-04-15 2004-04-15 Estructura de tubo plano estirable y de gran espesor por unidad de peso a partir de filamentos continuos.
EP04008922A EP1586688B1 (de) 2004-04-15 2004-04-15 Dehnbare, voluminöse, flachrohrförmige Strukture aus endlosen Filamenten
AT04008922T ATE344846T1 (de) 2004-04-15 2004-04-15 Dehnbare, voluminöse, flachrohrförmige strukture aus endlosen filamenten
DE602004003127T DE602004003127T2 (de) 2004-04-15 2004-04-15 Dehnbare, voluminöse, flachrohrförmige Struktur aus endlosen Filamenten

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP04008922A EP1586688B1 (de) 2004-04-15 2004-04-15 Dehnbare, voluminöse, flachrohrförmige Strukture aus endlosen Filamenten

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1586688A1 true EP1586688A1 (de) 2005-10-19
EP1586688B1 EP1586688B1 (de) 2006-11-08

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EP04008922A Expired - Lifetime EP1586688B1 (de) 2004-04-15 2004-04-15 Dehnbare, voluminöse, flachrohrförmige Strukture aus endlosen Filamenten

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EP (1) EP1586688B1 (de)
AT (1) ATE344846T1 (de)
DE (1) DE602004003127T2 (de)
ES (1) ES2277167T3 (de)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2010052171A1 (en) * 2008-11-05 2010-05-14 Vestas Wind Systems A/S A method and an apparatus for producing a multiaxial fabric

Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3492185A (en) * 1966-12-27 1970-01-27 Kimberly Clark Co Apparatus for forming a multi-ply web product
US3515621A (en) * 1967-01-03 1970-06-02 Celanese Corp Striated cross-lapped nonwoven fabric simulating woven fabric
US3747162A (en) * 1966-07-29 1973-07-24 G Watson Production of batting
EP0343978A2 (de) * 1988-05-25 1989-11-29 Reinhardt Nils Sabee Stabilisierter, aus Fäden bestehender Vliesstoff
WO1993000464A1 (fr) * 1991-06-28 1993-01-07 Etablissements Asselin Procede pour realiser un produit non-tisse semi-fini et produit non-tisse semi-fini
WO1998037264A1 (fr) * 1997-02-19 1998-08-27 Asselin Procedes et dispositifs pour realiser une nappe et un produit textile continu profiles
WO2002070806A1 (fr) * 2001-03-01 2002-09-12 Saint-Gobain Vetrotex France S.A. Procede et dispositif de fabrication d'une plaque composite a renfort fibreux multiaxial
US6550107B1 (en) * 1999-03-23 2003-04-22 Asselin Distributor layer

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3747162A (en) * 1966-07-29 1973-07-24 G Watson Production of batting
US3492185A (en) * 1966-12-27 1970-01-27 Kimberly Clark Co Apparatus for forming a multi-ply web product
US3515621A (en) * 1967-01-03 1970-06-02 Celanese Corp Striated cross-lapped nonwoven fabric simulating woven fabric
EP0343978A2 (de) * 1988-05-25 1989-11-29 Reinhardt Nils Sabee Stabilisierter, aus Fäden bestehender Vliesstoff
WO1993000464A1 (fr) * 1991-06-28 1993-01-07 Etablissements Asselin Procede pour realiser un produit non-tisse semi-fini et produit non-tisse semi-fini
WO1998037264A1 (fr) * 1997-02-19 1998-08-27 Asselin Procedes et dispositifs pour realiser une nappe et un produit textile continu profiles
US6550107B1 (en) * 1999-03-23 2003-04-22 Asselin Distributor layer
WO2002070806A1 (fr) * 2001-03-01 2002-09-12 Saint-Gobain Vetrotex France S.A. Procede et dispositif de fabrication d'une plaque composite a renfort fibreux multiaxial

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2010052171A1 (en) * 2008-11-05 2010-05-14 Vestas Wind Systems A/S A method and an apparatus for producing a multiaxial fabric
CN102197170A (zh) * 2008-11-05 2011-09-21 维斯塔斯风力系统集团公司 用于制造多轴向织物的方法和装置
US8375996B2 (en) 2008-11-05 2013-02-19 Vestas Wind Systems A/S Method and an apparatus for producing a multiaxial fabric
CN102197170B (zh) * 2008-11-05 2013-09-04 维斯塔斯风力系统集团公司 用于制造多轴向织物的方法和装置

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ATE344846T1 (de) 2006-11-15
DE602004003127D1 (de) 2006-12-21
ES2277167T3 (es) 2007-07-01
EP1586688B1 (de) 2006-11-08
DE602004003127T2 (de) 2007-08-30

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