EP1581400B1 - Writing utensil - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a writing utensil comprising a one-piece or multi-piece sleeve which receives a writing insert that is retracted within the sleeve in an inoperative position while partially protruding from the sleeve in a writing position. The writing insert is moved between the inoperative position and the writing position by axially displacing a part of the writing utensil, which holds the writing insert, towards the sleeve. The aim of the invention is to create a writing utensil which is provided with a small number of parts while being inexpensive to produce and easy to handle. Said aim is achieved by the fact that the writing insert is positionally fixed relative to the sleeve at least in the writing position by means of a magnetic force that is effective between the elements of a magnetic system. Said magnetic system essentially encompasses at least one magnet and at least one counterpart that is attracted by the magnet/s. The elements thereof are components of the parts embodying the writing utensil, each magnet being a component of one of said parts while each counterpart of a magnet is a component of one of the other parts.

Description

The invention relates to a writing instrument according to the preamble of the main claim, namely a writing instrument with a one- or two-part sleeve which receives a writing insert, which is at least almost completely retracted in a rest position in the sleeve while it protrudes partially in a writing position from the sleeve , The change between the rest and the writing position is carried out, in a conventional manner, by an axial displacement of the writing insert holding writing instrument part against the sleeve. Optionally, this axial displacement takes place in conjunction with a rotation of the writing insert holding part in the circumferential direction.

Writing instruments, in particular ballpoint pens, which are marketed as mass-produced items, are often designed such that the tip of a writing insert received by a sleeve - in the case of the ballpoint pen, the tip of the ballpoint pen refill - is moved out of the sleeve for writing and returned to the sleeve when not in use , As a result, on the one hand the mine is mechanically protected and this, as far as it is filled with ink or a writing paste, prevented from drying out. On the other hand, the user of ink pens, pens or similar writing instruments, which are often carried in bags of textiles, protected from unwanted color leakage and possibly the fouling of his clothing. The writing utensils are often designed so that their writing insert or the mine, interchangeable, for example, to replace a spent mine with a new.

In the previously known writing instruments of the aforementioned type, the change of the writing insert between the rest position and the writing position is realized by means of differently designed mechanisms. Essentially, printing, sliding and turning mechanisms are to be distinguished. Common to these is that the mechanisms generally consist of a variety of components, in particular with a coil spring, and often made of different materials. The function of the operating mechanisms is often based on complicated and fine-mechanical designs, which are used today mostly as purchased parts and not infrequently as imported goods.

A reasonably cost-effective production or assembly of writing instruments according to this prior art can be realized only at high volumes, but here, a further cost reduction would be desirable.

Although such writing instruments are mostly mass-produced, however, standard mechanisms of the type mentioned are used even in noble and exclusive designs and models sold in smaller quantities, which additionally increases their price, without it being associated with a higher quality in terms of mechanics. In that regard, use even in completely different price segments settled writing instruments with different design same functional components. Their inner life and thus the functionality often does not differ at all.

Another disadvantage of the small-scale mechanisms used is the sometimes rapid wear and the sensitivity to contamination and coarser use. This is often the reason that some writing instruments do not even outlast the life of the write mine. This disadvantage of the prior art is partly solved by encapsulated mechanisms. However, this increases the effort in addition and requires the adaptation of the pen body to the specifications of the delivered parts. Often, an additional introduction of spacers, spacers, threaded inserts or similar small parts is required, whereby the unit costs continue to rise disadvantageously. In addition, the production and assembly of such encapsulated assemblies is correspondingly complex and expensive or only in mass production feasible.

Another disadvantage of the prior art will be apparent upon a change of writing station or mine. Thus, even with simple pens for removing the mine housing, sleeves or other components must be screwed or pulled apart. However, in principle fall other loosely inserted parts such as coil spring, intermediate rings or Parts of the mechanics out. Often parts are lost or they are then accidentally misassembled by the user. The writing instrument is thrown away in such cases not infrequently because of inaugurable uselessness.

The disadvantages mentioned have led to the efforts of the manufacturers to simplify the mechanics, so as to reduce costs in particular. A writing instrument with a relatively simple printing mechanism is, for example, by the DE G 92 10 629.3 described. A manufactured in plastic injection molding actuator has a resilient latching lug, which finds in punched out a one-piece formed from a cardboard tube both in the writing and in the rest position each a re-storage. For setting the writing position, the actuating element, a pusher, is actuated. To trigger the rest position, the detent must be pressed into the sleeve. This pressure mechanism is very inexpensive to produce, however, has the disadvantage that the lead change leads to the destruction of the mechanism and to the expansion of the clamping seat, in which the plastic part is pressed.

According to one in the DE 41 02 217 C2 disclosed embodiment engages the actuator described above on a latching stop, which is formed within the writing utensil sleeve. However, the undercut produced allows basically only a production in plastic.

That in the DE 299 01 784 U1 described writing instrument provides in a modification to the above proposed solutions for the leadership of the locking lug before a control cam, which allows for adjusting, both the writing and the rest position pressing the pusher. Again, it is to be regarded as disadvantageous that structurally conditioned, a mine change is apparently not provided. In addition, writing instruments of this design additionally require a return spring.

Another example of an altered construction of writing instruments of the type described above is by the JP 09-300881 A disclosed. In the writing instrument described therein, the writing insert is in the rest position by means of a mounted on the writing insert or attached magnet and a magnetic counterpart fixed to the upper part of a multi-part sleeve. In the writing position, which is occupied by a telescopic pulling apart of the writing instrument, a holder for attaching the magnet to the writing insert holder and with him the when moving to the writing position by gravity down moving writing insert finds an abutment on an inner shoulder of a central sleeve part , To remain in the writing position of the writing insert or the writing instrument must be tilted so that the holder wedged together with the writing insert on said inner paragraph. This results in the disadvantage that the transition to the rest position can be done unintentionally even with a brief write interruption and an associated vertical positions of the writing instrument. In addition, the structure of the writing instrument is not simplified by the described solution. Rather, the structure by the inner geometry of the sleeve parts with a plurality of paragraphs is rather expensive, which is manufacturing technology disadvantageous.

From the DE 36 39 592 C2 is a writing instrument with a sliding mechanism known. The sliding mechanism is formed in the front region of the housing at the writing tip such that clamping lugs formed on slides engage behind an annular coupling seated on the writing lead. The coupling is pressed against the clamping lugs with a spiral spring. A detent position allows the setting of the writing position. A disadvantage of this proposed solution is that this requires a special form for the writing insert, namely a writing insert with an annular coupling. In addition, the writing instrument can be inexpensively made only in plastic. However, there is the risk of rapid wear of the trained by means of noses and recesses clamping device, with the result that the writing instrument may already be unusable after a short time use.

A rotary mechanism or a rotating mechanism is for example the subject of DE 29 34 083 A1 , In the writing device with rotary mechanism described in the document, the axial displacement of the writing lead is made possible by a "cam-like" control track. It is by a spiral spring on the Write mine on the rear part of the mine receiving sleeve pressure exerted so that diametrically opposed locking lugs are pressed against this component against the formed on the front sleeve part control track.

Locking recesses on the control track alternately describe a rest and a writing position. This form of the rotary mechanism has the disadvantages that the rear part of the sleeve (sleeve upper part) inserted for mounting through the front sleeve part or the sleeve base and after insertion of the mine and the coil spring in addition a cap or the like must be screwed onto the front sleeve part. Because of the large number of items to be assembled at the same time, automated assembly in the present embodiment is hardly possible, or at least only with great effort.

The sleeve parts can also be produced inexpensively by plastic injection molding in the inner diameter formations.

The high assembly cost is contrary to the demand for cost-effective fabrication. Due to the design, the narrow construction of the sleeve parts produces a steep formation of the control track in order to ensure sufficient axial displacement of the lead. However, the steeper this is, the more difficult the rotation of the sleeve parts will be against each other. This in turn requires faster wear of the opposing friction parts.

A solution with a lateral pressure mechanism, in which the clip is sunk in the housing to reach the writing position, is in the DE 689 09 284 T2 described. Upon pressure, the clip causes the feed of the mine via a control slope on an inner part. At the same time engages formed on a clip locking lug in the writing position in a corresponding recess of an inner part, which holds the mine in a clamping fit. A disadvantage of this solution, the assembly of such a writing instrument is. The mechanism and the mine must be inserted from the front into the sleeve and passed through a slot-like recess.

In the US 3,063,419 a writing device is described in which the change of the writing insert between the rest and the writing position by means of a magnet arrangement. For this purpose, magnets are arranged on the writing insert or the writing lead and at the upper end of the sleeve, the latter being arranged on a rotatable wheel. By the rotation of the wheel, the magnets can be brought into a first position in which they repel each other and in a second position in which they attract. As a result, the writing insert is partially moved out of the sleeve or withdrawn into it. Although it is stated in the document that the writing insert can optionally be held in both layers, only by the magnetic force. However, the embodiments shown in the drawings of the specification imply that, apparently at least in the writing position, the writing insert is preferably additionally mechanically jammed in order to provide an abutment for the pressure acting on the writing insert during writing and the associated pressing.

This is similar to a similar, in the DE 1 126 277 disclosed writing instrument. In order to compensate for the force acting on the writing insert during writing, the writing insert, supported by a magnet arrangement, is likewise jammed due to a conical design of the lower inner region of the sleeve.

Also by the DE 1 298 911 a writing instrument is disclosed in which the magnetic force is used for the change between the resting and the writing position. However, the fixation of the writing insert in the respective position, that is in the rest or the writing position, by means of a latch mechanism or a latching mechanism, namely by a mechanical clamping due to a corresponding geometric design of the sleeve inside and a write-holding element. For this purpose, wedge surfaces are formed on the outer contour of the retaining element and recesses are formed on the inner side of the sleeve, into which recess a sphere is pressed by means of a magnet.

According to one in the FR 2 420 434 Although the writing insert in the writing position is held by means of a magnetic element described solution. However, the compensation of the forces acting on the writing insert during writing forces, to avoid a provision of the writing insert in the rest position, characterized in that the writing insert is jammed under simultaneous tilting below the edge of the magnetic element.

According to one in the US 2,888,907 described solution for a writing instrument with a magnetic system for moving the writing insert between the rest and the writing position is done in the writing position also a tilting of the mine relative to the integrally formed sleeve. Here, the mine wedged in the writing position below a shoulder on the sleeve inner surface. In addition, the writing device described in the publication must be kept disadvantageously in a certain position during writing in order to prevent the writing insert from accidentally slipping under the addressed shoulder and moving back into the rest position.

The object of the invention is to avoid the described disadvantages of the prior art. In particular, the object is to provide a writing instrument with a particularly simple structure, which is very inexpensive to manufacture by a small number of components. The writing instrument should also be easy to handle.

The object is achieved by a writing instrument with the features of the main claim. Advantageous embodiments or further developments of the writing instrument according to the invention are given by the dependent claims.

The proposed writing instrument consists essentially of a sleeve from which a writing insert is received, namely a one-piece sleeve or a two-part sleeve with a sleeve shell and a sleeve base and is equipped with a magnet system. The magnet system consists of at least one magnet and at least one counterpart magnetically interacting with the magnet (s), magnet (s) and counterpart (e) being components of the parts forming the writing instrument. In the rest position, so when not using the writing instrument, the writing insert is at least almost completely retracted into the sleeve. For writing (writing position) he is moved out of the sleeve, so that he partially protrudes from this. By an axial displacement of him holding writing instrument part, namely the sleeve upper part or a separate holding element, the writing insert from the rest position to the writing position or from the writing position back to the rest position can be transferred.

In the resulting according to the first alternative of the main claim form of the writing instrument according to the invention by the force acting between the elements of the magnet system magnetic force the writing insert is fixed in position at least in the writing position against the sleeve, at the same time by this magnetic force the writing instrument parts, such as the sleeve shell and the sleeve base or the sleeve and the optional retaining element remain connected to each other. The fixation of the writing insert in the writing position is such that this position is maintained against the pressure exerted on the writing insert during writing.

In the embodiment according to the second alternative of the main claim, the writing instrument according to the invention comprises a two-part, a sleeve shell and a sleeve base existing sleeve, wherein the sleeve base is axially displaceable relative to the sleeve upper part or the sleeve upper part relative to the sleeve base. The writing insert is held by the sleeve top. In addition, the magnet system consists of at least one magnet and at least two counterparts. The elements of the magnet system are arranged on or in the sleeve shell and on or in the sleeve base. In this embodiment, the sleeve upper part and the sleeve base are fixed in position relative to one another both in the writing position and in the rest position by the magnetic force acting between the elements of the magnet system. The magnetic force acting between the elements of the magnet system defines a breakaway torque, beyond which the sleeve upper part is displaceable relative to the sleeve lower part in order to change between the rest position and the writing position or vice versa. By dimensioning the elements of the magnet system and or or the geometric design of the writing instrument forming parts may arise different breakaway torques and / or detachment forces for the rest position and the writing position. Starting from both embodiments described above results, as will be shown, a variety of possible combinations, but each cause the writing insert, at least in the writing position, preferably in both possible positions, is fixed in position against the sleeve, resulting in a significant simplification of the mechanics, such as a pen, possibly even the possibility of a complete abandonment of a mechanics in the true sense.

According to another basic embodiment of the writing instrument according to the invention with a write-holding holding element, the change between the rest position and the writing position by the holding element itself or via a optionally existing actuator caused axial displacement of the support member.

Regardless of whether the writing insert of the sleeve (for example, by direct clamping in the sleeve) or a special holding element is held and regardless of whether in the latter case, the change between resting and writing position takes place by direct action on the holding element or by means of an actuating element , The respective axial displacement of the Schreibbeinsatz holding pen part according to a possible embodiment of the invention with a radial rotation or, linguistically more precise, go with a circumferential rotation of this part.

In an advantageous embodiment with a two-part sleeve, a control track is formed to support this twisting movement on the sleeve upper part, along which a guide track formed on the sleeve lower part and shaped complementarily to the control track is guided. As a result, a kind of mechanical guidance is given for the change between the rest position and the writing position quasi. The elements of the magnet system can be arranged in this embodiment on the control track and on its complementary guideway. Likewise, however, the control track and the guideway itself may be formed by elements of the magnet system.

It is obvious that many different configurations are conceivable with regard to the magnet system and the division of its elements. For example, magnets can be arranged at corresponding points of the optional holding element and metallic counterparts on the sleeve, so that a magnet in the writing position adheres to a counterpart and in the rest position another magnet on a corresponding counterpart. Of course, conversely, it is also conceivable to provide the magnet or magnets on the sleeve and the counterparts at suitable locations of the holding element. Finally, however, for example, based on the writing position, a magnet on the holding element and a counterpart on the sleeve and, based on the rest position, a magnet on the sleeve and a metallic counterpart on the holding element may be provided or vice versa. Related to the Counterparts are even other embodiments conceivable, which will be explained in the presentation of advantageous embodiments of the writing instrument according to the invention. Regardless of the user has already shown in this example exemplified simple form of training for a change between resting and writing position in each case essentially only overcome the writing insert in the respective position magnetic forces. If, in any case, the positional fixation, following the fundamental inventive idea, at least in the writing position by means of the magnet system, it is an essential feature of the invention that the magnetic force acting between the elements of the magnet system exceeds that force that is generated by writing on the Writing is exercised, of course, a proper use is to be assumed. A determination of the size of this force is not required at this point, since it will be at the discretion of a writing instrument manufacturer, how much pressure he would like to allow when writing to the writing insert or will regard as proper use and this on the other by trial and error Testing is detectable. In any case, magnets of corresponding geometric size and with different magnetic field strength are available on the market, so that here the manufacturer are given almost any freedom in terms of the design of the magnet system.

While the fundamental inventive idea is to fix the holding element in at least one position by means of magnets in its position, regardless of how the change between resting and writing position takes place, a preferred embodiment of the invention goes one step further. Thereafter, the axial displacement of the holding element with the writing insert, so the change between the rest and the writing position itself, by the change of the magnetic interaction between the elements of the magnet system, which results from the actuation of a corresponding actuating element. Thus, not only the writing position or the writing and the rest position are determined by means of a magnetic force fixation of the holding element or held by him writing insert, but also the change between these two positions takes place under use magnetic forces. However, this in turn does not preclude that the change brought about in this way is optionally mechanically supported by appropriate structural design of the parts of the writing instrument. The elements of the magnet system are formed in this embodiment preferably on the one hand as part of the actuating element and on the other hand as part of the holding element or the sleeve. Again, however, are manifold constellations regarding the structural design of the holding element, actuator and sleeve and regarding the exact arrangement of the elements of the magnet system and their nature in detail conceivable. To that extent, the embodiments highlighted in the claims, as well as those explained in the embodiments represent only a selection of possible variants while maintaining the basic principle, which is not to be regarded as exhaustive and restrictive in relation to the subject invention. The illustrations of the exemplary embodiments allow the person skilled in the art to directly recognize these possibilities or the creative potential inherent in the solution.

An embodiment in which the change between the rest and the writing position via a caused by the actuation of an actuating element change of the magnetic interaction between the elements of the magnet system, does not necessarily assume a as such movable actuator. Consider, for example, the possibility of connecting and disconnecting electromagnets. According to a particularly practical form of training, however, the actuating element is moved during its actuation.

As already mentioned, the purely axial or axial movement and circumferential movement of the retaining element can be assisted by the fact that the retaining element and the sleeve have means which form a guide for the retaining element during its axial displacement against the sleeve. According to a possibility, a helically encircling groove is incorporated in the inner peripheral surface of the sleeve. In this groove engages a bulge or a pin of the retaining element, so that in this way a guide is given.

It is within the meaning of the invention if at least one of the magnets of the magnet system is a permanent or permanent magnet. In individual cases, however, as already mentioned, the use of an electromagnet into consideration, namely when about the writing instrument to fulfill other functions (light indicator, integrated flashlight, integrated laser pointer o. Ä.) Is equipped with batteries anyway, for example, also can feed a coil acting as an electromagnet or the like. Insofar as permanent magnets are used according to the certainly more practice-relevant embodiment, they are preferably designed as magnets (for example, bar magnets) integrated in the actuating element, the holding element and / or the sleeve (pressed or fastened in a similar manner).

With regard to the magnets, the person skilled in turn is given different possibilities of design, in particular with regard to a specific influencing of their field characteristics. Thus, a possible embodiment is given by the fact that to one of the poles of one or more of the magnets, a magnetically active material is applied, which has the shape of a disc, a cup or a pole piece. By this measure, the magnetic flux of the respective magnet is concentrated on the surface of its other, open pole passed. A typical example of this is the use of so-called pot magnets. Another possibility is that one or more of the magnets are enclosed by a sleeve-like element of a magnetically active material that leaves the poles open. In this design, the magnetic flux of the magnet (s) is concentratedly directed to the surface of the poles. This is advantageous on the one hand with regard to the targeted use of the magnetic forces in the sense of the idea according to the invention. On the other hand, however, the magnetic field is shielded in an advantageous manner in the areas not required for the function of the magnets, so that, for example, possible interactions of a user carried by a writing instrument with a pacemaker, the microchip of a smart card or the like are largely excluded. Which of these Design options of the magnets in each case depends on the geometric design of actuator (if available), retaining element and sleeve, but also on where the magnets are each arranged.

Also for the nature and training of the counterparts different possibilities are given. One possibility is that one or more counterparts of a metal, preferably made of iron. But there is also the possibility that one or more of the counterparts are also permanent magnets. Regardless of the nature of the counterparts, it is also within the meaning of the invention if the magnetic interaction between the magnet or magnets and the counterparts is via flux guides arranged between them.

In a possible embodiment with a two-part sleeve, in which the counterparts are formed as magnets, the elements of the magnet system are arranged on or in the sleeve shell and on or in the sleeve base, that they in a transition between the rest position and the writing position passed intermediate position repel each other.

In a specific embodiment with counterparts in the form of magnets, in which the change between resting and writing position is brought about or supported by the magnetic force, the elements of the magnet system are arranged so that the magnetic force acting between them when switching between the rest position and the writing position the writing insert changes its direction. This means that in the rest position attracting elements of the magnet system in the writing position repel each other and vice versa. Due to the concomitant exceeding of each attraction or repulsion causing magnetic forces of the position change of the holding element and thus the change between resting and writing position is effected.

In the following, a few selected possibilities of designing the possibly present actuating element are to be represented. According to one possibility, the actuating element is designed as a pivotable about a pivot axis lever with two lever arms. Whose each one element of the magnetic system forming or receiving lever arms are to change the magnetic interaction between the elements of the magnet system and thus to change between the rest position and the writing position of the writing insert, alternately in the sleeve of the writing instrument into or out of this out. Preferably, but not necessarily, the pivot axis of this lever extends at an angle of 90 ° to the longitudinal central axis of the writing instrument and is spaced therefrom. The elements which constitute the respective counterpart to the elements of the magnet system formed as part of the lever are formed as part of the holding element or of the sleeve. If, for example, the lever is mounted on the sleeve, a change in the magnetic interaction brought about by its pivoting and the resulting displacement of the retaining element can be achieved by arranging the complementary elements of the magnet system on the retaining element. However, the lever can also be mounted on the support member, so be verbundnen with this and the desired effect can be achieved by an arrangement of the complementary elements in the sleeve. Explanatory details of some of these possibilities can be found in the exemplary embodiments.

According to a likewise advantageous embodiment, the actuating element is designed as a disc or roller with at least one arranged on its circumference element of the magnet system, which is rotatable about a parallel or 90 ° to the longitudinal central axis of the writing instrument extending axis of rotation. The or arranged on the circumference of the disc or the roller elements of the magnet system arrive during rotation of the disc in different interaction with the elements of the magnet system, which are arranged on or in the holding element or the sleeve or form said parts. As a result, the elements of the magnet system which are complementary to the elements arranged in the disk or roller are attracted or repelled depending on the position of the disk or roller, so that the retaining element with the writing insert again engages the rest position or the writing position into the sleeve or out of this emotional. In this context, both forms of training with a horizontally arranged disc as those with a vertically arranged disc-shaped actuator are possible. Optionally, the axis of rotation of the disc coincides with the longitudinal central axis of the writing instrument, cuts it at an angle of 90 ° or is arranged at a distance from the longitudinal central axis. In that regard, a lever-shaped actuating element is basically a special case of a disc-shaped holding element, which, unlike the latter, is limited in its rotational or pivoting angle. Advantageously, the actuating element is mounted in the wall of the sleeve receiving the writing insert, so that its pivot or rotation axis is arranged in this wall. But also eccentric bearings of a disc or roller, in which the location of the bearing of the actuating element does not coincide with the axis of rotation are conceivable without this the basic principle of the invention is abandoned.

Another possibility of the design of the actuating element is that this is designed as a for changing the magnetic interaction between the actuating element and the holding element, axially displaceable between two axial stops element. The use of the inventive principle is advantageous but also possible in an embodiment in which the actuating element is designed as a, for changing the magnetic interaction between the actuating element and the holding element, transversely to the longitudinal center axis of the writing instrument displaceable element.

The holding element consists according to a possible embodiment of the invention of an upper part and a spaced apart but rigidly connected to the upper part lower part. At or in the two parts forming the holding element, the elements of the magnet system are arranged or these elements form the parts of the holding element. Regardless of the manner in which the elements of the magnet system are fastened to or integrated in the holding element, the actuating element (eg a lever, a disk, a roller or the like) is corresponding to a practice-oriented further development of the writing instrument with one shown in the above Way formed retaining element, for Change between rest position and writing position within the existing between the upper and the lower part of the support member distance or in this in or out of it movable. In the embodiment with a lever as an actuating element, this affects its lever arms, in the disc-shaped actuating element different peripheral sections with differently polarized magnets.

The writing insert is advantageously held by the retaining element firmly, but still releasably. For example, this offers a clamping connection between the writing insert and the holding element, so that the writing insert is held in a press fit, but is replaceable if necessary.

The elements of the magnet system can be designed according to a possible embodiment also as a separate in the assembly of the writing instrument according to the invention rigidly with its parts to be connected assemblies. A writing instrument with an actuating element is designed according to a possible embodiment in such a way that by removing the actuating element, the holding element and the sleeve for changing the writing insert are separable from each other.

Fig. 1 a:

Eine grundsätzliche Ausbildungsform des erfindungsgemäßen Schreibgerätes mit einem Halte- und Betätigungselement, nämlich mit einem hebelförmigen, um eine Achse schwenkbaren Betätigungselement in der Ruhestellung,

Fig. 1 b:

Das Schreibgerät in der Ausbildung nach Fig. 1a in der Schreibstellung mit freigegebener Spitze des Schreibeinsatzes,

Fig. 2a:

Eine Ausbildungsform des Schreibgerätes mit einem quer zur Längsachse der Hülse verschiebbaren Betätigungselement in der Ruhestellung,

Fig. 2b:

Das Schreibgerät in der Ausbildung nach Fig. 2a in der Schreibstellung,

Fig. 3a:

Eine Ausbildungsform des Schreibgerätes mit einem axial verschiebbaren Betätigungselement in der Ruhestellung,

Fig. 3b:

Das Schreibgerät in der Ausbildung nach Fig. 3a in der Schreibstellung,

Fig. 4a:

Eine Ausbildungsform des Schreibgerätes mit einem Betätigungselement, welches um eine die Längsachse des Schreibgerätes schneidende Drehachse drehbar ist, in der Ruhestellung,

Fig. 4b:

Das Schreibgerät in der Ausführung nach Fig. 4a in der Schreibstellung,

Fig. 5a:

Eine Ausbildungsform des Schreibgerätes mit einem als Walze ausgebildeten Betätigungselement, welches um eine quer zur Längsmittelachse des Schreibgerätes verlaufende Achse drehbar ist, in der Ruhestellung,

Fig. 5b:

Das Schreibgerät in der Ausführung nach Fig. 5a in der Schreibstellung,

Fig. 6a:

Eine vereinfachte Ausbildungsform des erfindungsgemäßen Schreibgerätes in der Ruhestellung,

Fig. 6b:

Die Ausbildungsform nach Fig. 8a in der Schreibstellung,

Fig. 7a:

Eine mit der Fig. 8 vergleichbare Ausbildungsform in der Ruhestellung,

Fig. 7b:

Die Ausbildungsform nach Fig. 9a in der Schreibstellung,

Fig. 8a:

Eine Weiterbildung einer mit der Fig. 9 vergleichbaren Variante in der Ruhestellung

Fig. 8b:

Die Ausbildungsform nach Fig. 10a in der Schreibstellung

Fig. 9a:

Eine grundsätzliche Ausbildungsform des erfindungsgemäßen Schreibgerätes mit mehrteiliger Hülse und in die Hülse integriertem Magnetsystem in der Ruhestellung als Schnittdarstellung

Fig. 9b:

Das Schreibgerät in der Ausbildung entsprechend Fig. 11a in der Schreibstellung mit freigegebener Minenspitze

Fig. 10a:

Eine Ausbildungsform des Schreibgerätes, dessen Magnetsystem als separate Baugruppe ausgebildet ist, in der Ruhestellung

Fig. 10b:

Die Ausführungsform nach Fig. 12a in der Schreibstellung

Fig. 11a:

Eine Ausbildungsform des Schreibgerätes mit einer Art Verschlussautomatik durch zusätzliche Magnete in der Schreibstellung

Fig. 11b:

Die Ausführungsform gemäß Fig. 13a in einer Zwischenstellung

Fig. 11c:

Die Ausführungsform gemäß Fig. 13a in der Ruhestellung

Fig. 12a-12c

Anordnungsmöglichkeiten für Magnete, Gegenstücke und gegebenenfalls Flussleitstücke bei den Ausbildungsformen gemäß den Figuren 11 bis 13

Fig. 13a bis 13j:

Unterschiedliche Konfigurationen des Magnetsystems

Fig. 14-17

Unterschiedliche Formen für eine, gegebenenfalls vorgesehene, aus einer Steuerbahn und einer Führungsbahn bestehende Führung in einer Abwicklung

The invention will be explained in more detail below with reference to embodiments. The explanation is based on exemplary possibilities for the structural design and for the configuration of the magnet system with respect to its elements and their distribution to the parts of the writing instrument, such as sleeve and, if present, holding element and actuator. In the following drawings:

Fig. 1 a:

A basic embodiment of the writing instrument according to the invention with a holding and actuating element, namely with a lever-shaped, pivotable about an axis actuator in the rest position,

Fig. 1b:

The writing instrument in training Fig. 1a in the writing position with released tip of the writing insert,

Fig. 2a:

An embodiment of the writing instrument with a transversely displaceable to the longitudinal axis of the sleeve actuator in the rest position,

Fig. 2b:

The writing instrument in training Fig. 2a in the writing position,

Fig. 3a:

An embodiment of the writing instrument with an axially displaceable actuating element in the rest position,

3b:

The writing instrument in training Fig. 3a in the writing position,

Fig. 4a:

An embodiment of the writing instrument with an actuating element, which is rotatable about a longitudinal axis of the writing instrument intersecting axis of rotation, in the rest position,

Fig. 4b:

The writing instrument in the execution after Fig. 4a in the writing position,

Fig. 5a:

An embodiment of the writing instrument with a trained as a roller actuator which is rotatable about an axis extending transversely to the longitudinal center axis of the writing instrument axis, in the rest position,

Fig. 5b:

The writing instrument in the execution after Fig. 5a in the writing position,

6a:

A simplified embodiment of the writing instrument according to the invention in the rest position,

Fig. 6b:

The training form Fig. 8a in the writing position,

Fig. 7a:

One with the Fig. 8 comparable form of training at rest,

Fig. 7b:

The training form Fig. 9a in the writing position,

8a:

A further education with the Fig. 9 comparable variant in the rest position

8b:

The training form Fig. 10a in the writing position

Fig. 9a:

A basic embodiment of the writing instrument according to the invention with a multi-part sleeve and in the sleeve integrated magnetic system in the rest position as a sectional view

Fig. 9b:

The writing instrument in training accordingly Fig. 11a in the writing position with released lead tip

Fig. 10a:

An embodiment of the writing instrument, the magnet system is designed as a separate module, in the rest position

Fig. 10b:

The embodiment according to Fig. 12a in the writing position

Fig. 11a:

An embodiment of the writing instrument with a kind of automatic shutter by additional magnets in the writing position

Fig. 11b:

The embodiment according to Fig. 13a in an intermediate position

Fig. 11c:

The embodiment according to Fig. 13a at rest

Fig. 12a-12c

Arrangement possibilities for magnets, counterparts and optionally flux guides in the embodiments according to the FIGS. 11 to 13

FIGS. 13a to 13j:

Different configurations of the magnet system

Fig. 14-17

Different forms for a possibly provided, consisting of a control track and a guideway leadership in a settlement

The writing instrument consists of the in the Fig. 1 to Fig. 5 illustrated embodiments of the writing insert 1 receiving sleeve 2, the writing insert holding member 3, 3 ', 3 ", on the holding element 3, 3', 3" acting actuator 4 and the magnet system 5, 5 ', 6, 6' with permanent magnets 5, 5 'and counterparts 6, 6', which either consist of a magnetically active material such as iron (Fe) or are likewise designed as permanent magnets.

In contrast to these forms of training, the forms of training according to Fig. 6 to 8 simplified variants without actuator or after the Fig. 9 to 11 without actuator and possibly even without a separate retaining element, in which the change between resting and writing position is effected directly on the holding element or a sleeve part. Depending on the view, one could also take the position that in some of these embodiments, the holding element 3, 3 ', 3 "and the actuator 4 or in other the sleeve top 2' and the support member 3, 3 ', 3" are integrally united ,

The Fig. 1a shows the writing instrument according to the invention with a one-piece sleeve 2 and with a holding element 3, 3 ', 3 "and an actuating element 4 in a sectional view and in an embodiment in which the actuating element 4 is designed as a two-armed about an axis 8 pivotable lever The lever 4 forming the actuating element 4 consists of a magnetically active material, preferably of iron, so that its lever ends form the counterparts 6, 6 'The retaining element 3, 3', 3 "points the shape of a cylinder with a recess 7 in the central region. The writing insert 1 is held for example by a clamping connection in the lower part 3 "below the recess 7. A permanent magnet 5 is arranged in the part 3 'above the recess 7. The upper part 3' and the lower part 3" of the holding element 3, 3 ', 3 "are rigidly connected via a connection 3. Die Fig. 1a illustrates the rest position in which the writing insert 1 is fully retracted into the sleeve 2. The rest position is assumed by the fact that the upper arm, in the example made of iron lever-shaped actuating element 4, is pivoted into the sleeve 2 and attracts the permanent magnet 5 in the upper part 3 'of the retaining element 3, 3', 3 " pulled the entire holding element 3, 3 ', 3 "with the writing insert 1 held by him up. The Fig. 1b illustrates the writing instrument according to the Fig. 1a in the writing position, so with partially protruding from the sleeve 2 writing insert 1. The actuator 4 has been pivoted about the pivot axis 8, so that the lower arm of the lever protrudes into the sleeve 2 and magnetically attracts the permanent magnet 5 of the holding element. Due to the magnetic interaction with the actuating element 4, the holding element 3, 3 ', 3 ", as in the Fig. 1 b visible, moved down. As a result, the writing insert 1 fixed in the clamping seat moves partially out of the sleeve 2 and is fixed in position relative to the sleeve 2 in this position. The materials of the magnetic system 5, 5 ', 6, 6' forming elements, so the permanent magnet 5 in the holding element 3, 3 ', 3 "on the one hand and the counterpart 6' in the actuator 4 on the other hand are dimensioned so that the magnetic force acting between them Deviating from the reproduced embodiment, however, the lever forming in this case the actuating element 4 can also be fastened to the retaining element, that is to say connected to the latter 5, 5 ', 6, 6' are formed on the one hand as part of the lever and on the other hand as part of the sleeve 2, this can achieve a basically same mode of action.

By the Fig. 2 another embodiment of the writing instrument according to the invention is also illustrated in a sectional view. This shows again Fig. 2a the writing instrument in the rest position and Fig. 2b the writing instrument of the same design in the writing position. In this embodiment, both in the upper part 3 'and in the lower part 3 "of the otherwise comparable to that in the Fig. 1 Furthermore, a permanent magnet is likewise arranged in the actuating element 4 as a counterpart 6 or else the entire actuating element 4 is designed as a permanent magnet The magnets 5, 5 ', 6 of the actuating element 4 and the holding element 3, 3 ', 3 "occur, as shown in the figures, according to the arrangement of their poles in different magnetic interaction. In the Fig. 2a the lower part 3 "of the holding element 3, 3 ', 3" is attracted by the magnet 6 of the actuating element 4, while the upper part 3' of the holding element 3, 3 ', 3 "is repelled by the latter , 3 ', 3 "pulled up with the writing insert 1 attached thereto, so that the latter is completely withdrawn taking the rest position in the sleeve 2. By moving the actuating element 4 in the horizontal direction whose other pole passes into the interior of the sleeve 2. As a result, the conditions with respect to the magnetic interaction with respect to the Fig. 2a around. As a result, the upper part 3 'of the holding member 3, 3', 3 "is attracted by the operating member 4 and its lower part 3" repelled. In this way, the tip of the writing insert 1 is pushed out of the sleeve 2. The writing insert 1 assumes the writing position.

At the by the Fig. 3 illustrated embodiment, the change between the rest and the writing position is achieved by an axial displacement of the actuating element 4. If that of a magnetically active material, preferably iron, existing actuator 4, as in the Fig. 3a is pushed down, it is attracted by a in the lower part 3 "of the holding member 3, 3 ', 3" arranged permanent magnet 5'. However, since the actuator 4 with the counterpart 6, which on a Stop 10 'is applied does not move further down, the holding member 3, 3', 3 moves "with the lower part 3" arranged permanent magnet 5 'upwards. As a result, in turn, the writing insert 1 is withdrawn into the sleeve 2 and transferred to the rest position. Conversely, the upwardly pushed actuating element 4 is attracted by the permanent magnet 5 arranged in the upper part 3 'of the holding element 3, 3', 3 " Fig. 3b shown with the writing insert 1 held by him down and takes the writing position.

By the Fig. 4 is a principle with the Fig. 1 comparable variant indicated. However, here the actuator 4 is not formed as a lever, but as a disc-shaped about an axis 8 'rotatable element. The axis of rotation 8 'extends transversely to the longitudinal center axis 9 of the writing instrument. Unlike the pivot axis 8 in the in Fig. 1 illustrated embodiment, however, the axis of rotation 8 'intersects the longitudinal central axis 9 of the writing instrument. The actuator 4 is formed as a disc with two arranged on its circumference counterparts 6, 6 'in the form of permanent magnets. By rotating the disk, different poles of the permanent magnets 6, 6 'arranged on or in it come into interaction with the permanent magnets 5, 5' of the holding element 3, 3 ', 3 " Fig. 4a shown, either the holding element 3, 3 ', 3 "with the writing insert 1 upwards so moved to the rest position or the writing insert 1 according to Fig. 4b partially moved out of the sleeve 2 of the writing instrument. Again, the magnets 5, 5 ', 6, 6' designed so that it is ensured that the force acting between them in the writing position magnetic force is not overcome in the normal proper use of the writing instrument by the force exerted on the writing insert during writing force.

By the Fig. 5 another variant of the writing instrument according to the invention is illustrated. Here, the actuator 4 is designed as a rotatable roller. The roller is moved about a transverse to the longitudinal center axis 9 of the writing instrument axis of rotation 8 '. Also with this Embodiment are permanent magnets 5, 5 ', 6, both in the actuator 4 and in the support member 3, 3', 3 "in the upper part 3 'and in the lower part 3" arranged. Depending on the angle of rotation of the roller, different poles of the magnets 5, 5 ', 6 of the actuating element 4 on the one hand and of the holding element 3, 3', 3 "on the other hand are offset by the magnet 6 arranged in the cylindrical actuating element 4. As a result of the different interactions occurring in the process either the retaining element 3, 3 ', 3 "is pulled upwards with the writing insert 1 or as in Fig. 5b the writing insert 1 for taking the writing position pushed out of the sleeve 2.

In the illustrated example, the "switching" between the rest position and writing position by an axial displacement of the actuating element 4, which is formed by an annular around the sleeve 2 wrapped around permanent magnet 5. In this case, the permanent magnet 5 in the attacks 10, 10 'each have an abutment. A counterpart 6 is formed by the retaining element 3 made of iron itself. The Fig. 7a again shows the writing instrument in the rest position, the writing position is through the Fig. 7b given.

The Fig. 6a and 6b show a somewhat simplified embodiment of the writing instrument according to the invention, in which the movement of the writing insert 1 in the resting or writing position takes place by direct action on the retaining element 3. A separate actuator is thus unnecessary. By the axial displacement of the support member 3, the change between resting and writing position, wherein it is fixed in the respective position via its counterparts 6, 6 'by the abutment in the sleeve 2 finding magnet 5.

By the Fig. 7a and 7b will be one with the Fig. 6a and 6b comparable variant of the writing instrument shown. This also comes without a separate actuator. The change between resting and writing position is effected directly on the holding element 3. Notwithstanding the form of training according to Fig. 6a and 6b is not only to move the retaining element axially but simultaneously to twist radially. The magnetic interaction that occurs between the elements of the magnet system 5, 6, 6 'is readily apparent from the figure. At this point, it should merely be noted that, of course, also in embodiments with an actuating element 4 variants are conceivable, in which the axial movement of the holding element is associated with its radial rotation.

The Fig. 8a and 8b illustrate an embodiment in which the holding element 3 is guided in its movement between resting and writing position in a guide 11, 12. This guide 11, 12 is formed by a circumferential groove 11 in the inner wall of the sleeve 2 and therein a pin 12 formed therein engaging on the holding element 3. In the writing position is the Holding element and thus the writing insert by the magnet system 5, 6 fixed in position with the required magnetic force. Also in the rest position according to Fig. 8a the holding element 3 and the writing insert 1 are fixed in position by this magnet system 5, 6. Of course, even with embodiments with an actuating element 4, a guide for the axially displaceable holding element can be provided.

The embodiments described above relate to embodiments with a separate holding element 3, 3 ', 3 "for the writing insert 1, wherein the explanation of this basic design by way of example of training forms with a one-piece sleeve 2, the design with a holding element 3, 3', 3rd "and optionally with an actuating element 4 but also on forms with multi-part, in particular from a sleeve shell 2 'and a sleeve base 2" existing sleeves 2', 2 "is transferable. In the following, embodiments will be described in which the writing insert, without a special holding element 3, 3 ', 3 "held directly in a sleeve top 2', is preferably clamped, these forms assuming an at least two-part sleeve 2 ', 2". The exemplary embodiments relate in particular to molds in which the elements of the magnet system 5, 5 ', 6, 6' are integrated in the sleeve parts 2 ', 2 "or are part of a separate module An arrangement of the elements of the magnet system 5, 5', 6 ' , 6 "in separate, connected to the writing instrument parts assemblies is of course also in the previously described embodiments into consideration.

The Fig. 9a and 9b show a possible embodiment of the writing instrument with a multi-part, that is, two-part sleeve 2 ', 2 "and an integrated in this magnet system 5, 5', 6 '6" in a simplified schematic representation. The drawings relate to the representation of the writing instrument in the rest position ( Fig. 9a ) and the writing position ( Fig. 9b ) in each case in a longitudinal section and a reproduced above, cut transversely to the longitudinal axis representation. The writing instrument essentially consists of a two-part sleeve 2 ', 2 "with the sleeve upper part 2' and the sleeve lower part 2", which receives writing insert 1, and the magnet system 5, 5 ', 6, 6'. Sleeve top and bottom 2 ', 2 "are like that in that their abutting end faces form a mechanical guide 13, 14 with a control track 13 and a guide track 14 sliding along the latter during the rotation of the sleeve parts 2 ', 2 ". The guide track 13 is designed to be complementary to the control track 14 According to the state of the art, different shapes are conceivable for the control and guide tracks 13, 14, with a heart waveform in particular being found to be favorable of the sleeve upper part 2 'against the sleeve lower part 2 "or of the sleeve lower part 2" against the sleeve upper part 2' in the circumferential direction and the axial displacement of the writing insert in the sleeve 2 ', 2 "respectively in the sleeve lower part 2" for the change between rest and Sch But friction also allows the realization of forms of training in which this change exclusively by an axial displacement of the sleeve upper part 2 'against the sleeve base 2 "and the sleeve base 2" against the sleeve upper part 2' takes place.

The magnet system 5, 5 ', 6, 6' in the present case consists of two magnets 5, 5 'and two counterparts 6, 6', wherein the counterparts 6, 6 'according to the example of Fig. 9a and 9b are also realized by magnets. The replaceable in case of need writing insert 1 is held in the sleeve upper part 2 'in the press fit, thus forms with this a releasable clamping connection. In the Fig. 9a the counterpart 6 is attracted by the magnet 5, whereby the sleeve parts 2 ', 2 "are fixed in relation to one another as a result of the magnetic force acting between the poles of the magnets 5, 6 in this position describing the rest position Cross section shown above and under the action of a magnetic force overcoming the breakaway torque, twisted against the sleeve upper part 2 ', the writing insert 1 or the mine from the rest in the writing position according to Fig. 9b be transferred. In this case, the guideway 14 is guided on the control track 13 until virtually a further "detent position" is reached, in which the magnet 5 ', which is also designed as a magnet counterpart 6 and the magnet 5 the Counterpart 6 'or the magnet attracts. This position defines the writing position in which the tip of the mine 1 protrudes from the sleeve base 2 "and between the magnets 5, 5 ', 6, 6' acts a force which acts on the force acting on the lead 1 during writing by the applied writing pressure safely exceeds and thus the sleeve parts 2 ', 2 "reliably fixed in this position. The magnets 5, 5 ', 6, 6' are arranged in the illustrated example on the control track 13 and the guide track 14, but can, for example, in an embodiment in which the change between resting and writing position exclusively by an axial displacement of the sleeve lower part 2 "against the sleeve upper part 2 ', also on the circumference of the sleeve parts 2', 2" be arranged.

With appropriate dimensioning of the magnets 5, 5 ', 6, 6' (small bar magnets with the required magnetic field strength are available on the market) it requires no additional mechanical components, but sleeve upper and lower sleeve 2 ', 2 "are exclusively by the between Magnetic forces firmly adhering to, but optionally releasably held together, elements of the magnet system 5, 5 ', 6, 6' .A particular in this embodiment, in which the magnet system 5, 5 ', 6, 6' is not concealed, a user of the writing instrument becomes also come readily to the correct assumption that he only pull apart the sleeve parts 2 ', 2 "in the axial direction 17, if necessary, to change the mine 1. He has to overcome only the by the magnetic force of the magnet system 5, 5 ', 6, 6' defined axial separation force. The change of mines is so simple and uncomplicated possible, especially since there is no danger that fall when opening the sleeve 2 ', 2 "items of a mechanics out or jumps out about a coil spring.The dispensability of such mechanical hardware is also a very cost-effective production of the writing instrument With appropriate shaping of the sleeve parts 2 ', 2 ", if this is desired for design reasons, the magnet system 5, 5', 6, 6 'and the mechanical guide 13, 14 can also be concealed.

The 10a and 10b relate to a slightly different design compared to the above-described embodiment. The Magnetic system 5, 5 ', 6, 6', which optionally consists of permanent magnets 5, 5 'and metallic counterparts 6, 6' or also formed as a magnet counterparts 6, 6 'is in this embodiment of the invention as a separate assembly 16, 16th 'executed. The upper part 16 and the lower part 16 'of this assembly 16, 16' are rigidly connected during production to the sleeve upper part 2 'or the sleeve lower part 2 "." The assembly 16, 16' is at least two parts Plastic part with integrated magnetic components in the manufacture of the writing instrument in the sleeve parts 2 ', 2 "pressed or glued. In an embodiment of the sleeve 2, 2 "made of metal is also a fixation of the assembly 16, 16 'via a fine thread conceivable .The assembly 16, 16' contains the already in Fig. 9a and 9b described functionally relevant components, namely the magnetic system 5, 5 ', 6, 6' and the control track 13 and the guideway 14. It has so far all the technical features described above. The Fig. 10a represents the writing instrument at rest, with in the sleeve 2 ', 2 "pulled back mine, while the Fig. 10b illustrates the writing position. By the Fig. 11a to 11c a further embodiment of the writing instrument according to the invention is shown, in which, as well as in some of the illustrated embodiments with holding element 3, 3 ', 3 "and optionally actuating element 4, in addition to the attractive forces and the repulsion properties of magnets 5, 5', 6, 6 ' The constructive and functional structure of the sleeve upper part 2 ', the recording and clamping of the writing insert 1 and the basic, technically functional features correspond to the above to the Fig. 9a and 9b given explanations. However, the one-cam executed mechanical guide 13, 14 is divided so to speak into three segments. Due to the geometric structure lie in the by the Fig. 11a illustrated setting opposite magnetic opposing poles, so that thereby the tip of the mine 1 is released and the writing position is given. Turn now, as in Fig. 11b shown, the user sleeve shell 2 'and sleeve base 2 "against each other, get two mutually repellent, magnetically effective surfaces on each other. which results from the repulsive forces of the magnets, causes a gentle removal of the sleeve parts 2 ', 2 "from each other.With increasing distance, this effect weakens, so that finally the Fig. 11c shown rest position is reached, at which the magnets 5, 5 ', 6, 6' of the magnet system 5, 5 ', 6, 6' attract and the sleeve parts 2 ', 2 "are joined together again The effect described here causes a soft curve-like adjustment between the setting positions, although the mechanical guide 13, 14 with the control track 13 and the guideway 14 is designed like a staircase.

Like from the Fig. 12a to 12c By way of example, for the design of a magnet system 5, 5 ', 6, 6 "integrated in the sleeve 2', 2" or an assembly 16, 16 'according to FIG FIGS. 11 to 13 , with regard to its elements or components, different configurations conceivable. The Fig. 12a describes a magnet system 5, 5 ', 6, 6' which consists of mutually attracting magnets 5, 6, 5 ', 6', in which therefore also the counterparts 6, 6 'are formed by magnets. The elements of the magnet system 5, 5 ', 6, 6' can itself be formed as a control track 13 and guide track 14. In the magnet system 5, 5 ', 6, 6' according to the Fig. 12b consist of the counterparts 6, 6 'of a magnetically active material (eg iron). Here, too, elements of the magnet system 5, 5 ', 6, 6' itself can be formed as a control track 13 and guide track 14. The Fig. 12c FIG. 2 illustrates a magnet system 5, 5 ', 6, 6', which consists of one (eg ring magnet) or several magnets 5, 5 'with mounted flux conducting pieces 15, 15' of a magnetically active material (eg iron) as well as of the counterparts 6, 6 'is made, which are also realized by a magnetically active material. Of course, in this design, the elements of the magnet system 5, 5 ', 6, 6' in the manner already explained above, an integral part of the mechanical guide 13, 14 be.

By means of FIGS. 13 a to 13 j, possible configurations of the magnet system 5, 5 ', 6, 6' with respect to the distribution of its elements in embodiments with holding element 3 and actuating element 4 are illustrated. It becomes clear that, while maintaining the fundamental principle of Invention a variety of ways for the configuration of the magnet system 5, 5 ', 6, 6' are. The dashed parts symbolize each of the interconnected parts of the holding element 3. The actuator 4 is symbolically indicated by the parts of the drawings shown as a solid line. According to the configuration of Fig. 13a Thus, both the holding element 3 and the actuating element 4 have permanent magnets or are formed by permanent magnets. By the rotation of the actuating element 4 (see, for example, the Fig. 4 ) This is brought with the magnets of the holding element 3 in different magnetic interactions. As indicated in the schematic illustration, the retaining element thereby moves upwards or downwards. In the configuration after the Fig. 13b only the actuating element 4 has a permanent magnet. The holding element 3, however, is made of a magnetically active material, preferably iron. According to the symbolically indicated configuration, the actuating element 4 is designed as a pot magnet. By embedding the bar magnet in an iron pot, a targeted alignment of the force depending on the position of the actuating element 4 on the upper or the lower part of the holding element field lines or the magnetic flux is achieved. The magnetic flux is conducted to the respective open pole of a magnet 5. By turning the actuating element 4, the largely axially aligned field lines act on the upper part of the holding element 3, whereby the writing position of the writing instrument is adjusted or on the lower part, whereby the holding member 3 moves upward and the writing insert 1 retracts into the sleeve 2 , In the configuration after the Fig. 13c consists of the actuator 4 on one side of iron, while both the upper and the lower part of the support member 3 have a permanent magnet or consist of one. By the mutual tightening of the actuating element 4 of the upper or the lower part of the holding element 3, the writing or rest position of the writing instrument are set. While Figs. 13a to 13c represent conceivable configurations for a about a horizontal axis rotatable or pivotable actuator by the the remaining Fig. 13d to 13j analog configurations for a horizontally or vertically or axially displaceable actuator 4, each with differently designed magnetic system 5, 5 ', 6, 6' shown.

The Fig. 14a to 17b describe variants of the control track 13 and the guideway 14 in a development, wherein the respective Fig. A illustrates the writing position and each Fig. B illustrates the rest position. In the figures, the contact surfaces which are available as magnetically effective surfaces with respect to the magnet system 5, 5 ', 6, 6' are highlighted.

Finally, it should again be noted at this point that the illustrated embodiments show basically only a small portion of possible constellations and while maintaining the inventive principle a variety of other variants is conceivable. In this case, the existing possibilities of variation relate both to the geometric design of retaining element 3, 3 ', 3 ", sleeve 2, 2', 2" and optionally present actuating element 4 as well as to the geometric design, arrangement and distribution of the elements of the magnet system 5, 5 ', 6, 6'.

List of reference numbers used

1

Writing insert, mine

2

shell
2 'sleeve top
2 "sleeve base

3, 3 ', 3 "

retaining element
3 'upper part
3 "lower part

4

actuator

5, 5 '

(Permanent) magnet

6, 6 '

Counterpart, if necessary magnet

7

recess

8th

swivel axis

8th'

axis of rotation

9

Longitudinal central axis

10, 10 '

attacks

11

groove

12

spigot

13

control track

14

guideway

15

flux conductor

16, 16 '

module

17

axial direction

Claims (18)

1. Writing implement, which consists at least of a sleeve (2) for taking up a writing insert (1), i.e. a one-piece sleeve (2) or a two-piece sleeve (2) with a sleeve upper part (2') and a sleeve lower part (2"), and is equipped with a magnet system (5, 5', 6, 6'), wherein

   a) the writing insert (1) is retracted into the sleeve (2) in a resting position and partly protrudes from it in a writing position,

   b) the writing insert (1) can be transferred from the resting position to the writing position and from the writing position back into the resting position again by an axial movement of a writing implement part (2', 3) that holds it, i.e. the sleeve upper part (2') or a separate holding element (3, 3', 3"),

   c) the magnet system (5, 5', 6, 6') consists of at least one magnet (5, 5') and at least one matching part (6, 6') in magnetic interaction with the magnet or magnets (5, 5'),

   d) the elements of the magnet system (5, 5', 6, 6') are constituents of the parts forming the writing implement, in that they are arranged on or in these or form them and each magnet (5, 5') is a constituent of one of these parts and each matching part (6, 6') to a magnet (5, 5') is a constituent of another of these parts respectively,

   characterized in that, due to the magnetic force acting between the elements of the magnet system (5, 5', 6, 6'), both the writing insert (1) is positionally fixed against the sleeve (2) in the writing position to maintain this position against the pressure exerted on the writing insert (1) when writing, and the writing implement parts, i.e. the sleeve upper part (2') and the sleeve lower part (2") or the sleeve (2) and any holding element (3, 3', 3") present remain connected to one another in the writing position, or characterized in that, in a writing implement with a two-part sleeve (2) and with a sleeve upper part (2') holding the writing insert (1), in which the elements of the magnet system (5, 5', 6, 6') consisting of at least one magnet (5, 5') and at least two matching parts (6, 6') in magnetic interaction with the magnet or magnets (5, 5') are arranged on or in the sleeve upper part (2') and on or in the sleeve lower part (2"), due to the magnetic force acting between the elements of the magnet system (5, 5', 6, 6') the sleeve upper part (2') and the sleeve lower part (2") are positionally fixed in relation to one another both in the writing position and in the resting position, wherein this magnetic force defines an initial breakaway torque, and when this is exceeded the sleeve upper part (2') with the writing insert (1) held by it can be moved relative to the sleeve lower part (2") to change between the resting and writing position or vice-versa.
2. Writing implement according to claim 1, wherein the writing insert (1) is held by the holding element (3, 3', 3"), characterized in that the change between the resting position and the writing position is achieved by the axial movement of the holding element (3, 3', 3") brought about at the holding element (3, 3', 3") itself or via an actuating element (4).
3. Writing implement according to claim 1 or 2,
   characterized in that the axial movement of the writing implement part (2', 3) holding the writing insert (1) for changing between the resting position and the writing position is brought about in conjunction with twisting it in a circumferential direction relative to the sleeve (2) or a sleeve part (2', 2").
4. Writing implement according to claim 3, with an at least two-piece sleeve (2', 2"), consisting of the sleeve upper part (2') and the sleeve lower part (2"),
   characterized in that formed on the sleeve upper part (2') is a control path (13), on which, on twisting of the sleeve lower part (2") against the sleeve upper part (2'), guiding takes place along a guide path (14) formed on the sleeve lower part (2") and shaped complementary to the control path (13), so that mechanical guidance is provided for the change between the resting position and the writing position.
5. Writing implement according to claim 4, characterized in that the elements of the magnet system (5, 5', 6, 6') are arranged on the control path (13) and on the guide path (14) complementary to it or the control path (13) and the guide path (14) are formed by elements of the magnet system (5, 5', 6, 6').
6. Writing implement according to claim 2, characterized in that the axial movement of the holding element (3, 3', 3") with the writing insert (1) for changing between the resting position and the writing position is achieved due to the change in the magnetic interaction existing between the elements of the magnet system (5, 5', 6, 6') caused on actuation of the actuating element (4), wherein the elements of the magnet system (5, 5', 6, 6') are formed on the one hand as a constituent of the actuating element (4) and on the other hand as a constituent of the holding element (3, 3', 3") or the sleeve (2, 2', 2").
7. Writing implement according to claim 2 or 3,
   characterized in that the holding element (3, 3', 3") and the sleeve (2, 2', 2") have means which form a guide (11, 12) for the holding element (3, 3', 3") in its axial movement against the sleeve (2, 2', 2").
8. Writing implement according to claim 1 or 6,
   characterized in that at least one of the magnets (5, 5') of the magnet system (5, 5', 6, 6') is a permanent magnet.
9. Writing implement according to claim 8, characterized in that arranged between the elements of the magnet system 5, 5', 6, 6') are flux-conducting components (15, 15').
10. Writing implement according to claim 8, characterized in that one or more of the magnets (5, 5') are enclosed by a sleeve-like element of magnetically active material, which element leaves the poles open, or at one of the poles of one or more of the magnets (5, 5'), magnetically active material in the form of a disc, a cup or a pole shoe is applied, through which the magnetic flux of the magnet (5, 5') in question is conducted concentratedly onto the surface of its other, open pole.
11. Writing implement according to claim 1 or 6,
    characterized in that one or more of the matching parts (6, 6') is a permanent magnet.
12. Writing implement according to claim 11, with an at least two-piece sleeve (2', 2") consisting of the sleeve upper part (2') and the sleeve lower part (2"), characterized in that the magnets (5, 5') as well as the matching parts (6, 6'), likewise formed as magnets, of the magnet system (5, 5', 6, 6') are arranged in such a manner on or in the sleeve upper part (2') and on or in the sleeve lower part (2") that they repel one another in an intermediate position passed though in transit between the resting position and the writing position.
13. Writing implement according to claim 6, characterized in that the actuating element (4) is formed as a lever with two lever arms swivellable about a swivel axis (8), its lever arms respectively forming or taking up an element of the magnet system (5, 5', 6, 6') being swivellable alternately into the sleeve (2, 2', 2") of the writing implement and out of this for changing the magnetic interaction between the elements of the magnet system (5, 5', 6, 6') and thus for changing between the resting position and the writing position of the writing insert (1).
14. Writing implement according to claim 6, characterized in that the actuating element (4) is formed as a disc or roller with at least one element of the magnet system (5, 5', 6, 6') arranged on its circumference, which disc or roller is rotatable about an axis of rotation (8') running parallel or at 90° to the longitudinal centre line (9) of the writing implement, wherein the element or elements of the magnet system (5, 5', 6, 6') arranged on the circumference of the disc or roller enter on twisting of the disc or roller into differing interaction with elements of the magnet system (5, 5', 6, 6') that are a constituent of the holding element (3, 3', 3") or the sleeve (2, 2', 2").
15. Writing implement according to claim 6, characterized in that the actuating element (4) is formed as an element that is axially movable between two stops (10, 10') formed on the writing implement or as an element movable transversely to the longitudinal centre line (9) of the writing implement for changing the magnetic interaction between the elements of the magnet system (5, 5', 6, 6').
16. Writing implement according to claim 6, characterized in that the holding element (3, 3', 3") consists of an upper part (3') and a lower part (3") spaced at a distance from it but rigidly connected to the upper part (3') via a connection (3), wherein elements of the magnet system (5, 5', 6, 6') are constituents of the upper part (3') and the lower part (3") of the holding element (3, 3', 3"), in that they are arranged on or in these or form these, and wherein elements of the magnet system (5, 5', 6, 6') arranged on the actuating element (4) or forming this can be moved for changing their magnetic interaction with the elements of the magnet system (5, 5', 6, 6') formed as a constituent of the upper and lower part (3', 3") of the holding element (3, 3', 3") into a spacing (7) existing between the upper part (3') and the lower part (3").
17. Writing implement according to claim 1 or 3,
    characterized in that the writing insert (1) is held firmly, but nevertheless detachably, by the sleeve upper part (2') or the holding element (3, 3', 3").
18. Writing implement according to claim 1 or 2, with the holding element (3, 3', 3") and an actuating element (4), characterized in that due to the removal of the actuating element (4), the holding element (3, 3', 3") and the sleeve (2, 2', 2") are separable from one another for changing the writing insert (1).

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