EP1580790A2 - Spectromètre de masse - Google Patents

Spectromètre de masse Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1580790A2
EP1580790A2 EP04029441A EP04029441A EP1580790A2 EP 1580790 A2 EP1580790 A2 EP 1580790A2 EP 04029441 A EP04029441 A EP 04029441A EP 04029441 A EP04029441 A EP 04029441A EP 1580790 A2 EP1580790 A2 EP 1580790A2
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
ions
ion
voltage
electrodes
ion guide
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Application number
EP04029441A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP1580790B1 (fr
EP1580790A3 (fr
Inventor
Robert Harold Bateman
Steve Pringle
Kevin Giles
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Micromass UK Ltd
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Micromass UK Ltd
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Priority claimed from GB0120121A external-priority patent/GB0120121D0/en
Application filed by Micromass UK Ltd filed Critical Micromass UK Ltd
Priority claimed from EP02254441A external-priority patent/EP1271611B1/fr
Publication of EP1580790A2 publication Critical patent/EP1580790A2/fr
Publication of EP1580790A3 publication Critical patent/EP1580790A3/fr
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J49/00—Particle spectrometers or separator tubes
    • H01J49/02—Details
    • H01J49/04—Arrangements for introducing or extracting samples to be analysed, e.g. vacuum locks; Arrangements for external adjustment of electron- or ion-optical components
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J49/00—Particle spectrometers or separator tubes
    • H01J49/02—Details
    • H01J49/06—Electron- or ion-optical arrangements
    • H01J49/062—Ion guides
    • H01J49/065—Ion guides having stacked electrodes, e.g. ring stack, plate stack

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to mass spectrometers.
  • the ion sampling duty cycle of the orthogonal acceleration time of flight mass analyser is typically of the order of 20-30% for ions having the maximum mass to charge ratio.
  • the duty cycle is less for ions with lower mass to charge ratios.
  • the length of the pusher region of the time of flight mass analyser is L1
  • the length of the detector is at least L1 (to eliminate unnecessary losses at the detector) and the distance between the pusher and the detector is L2
  • L1/(L1+L2) 0.2258.
  • the maximum duty cycle is 22.6% for ions with the maximum mass to charge ratio mo, and is correspondingly less for ions with lower mass to charge ratios.
  • a mass spectrometer comprising:
  • the ion guide with a travelling DC wave is particularly advantageous in that all the ions preferably exit the ion guide with essentially the same velocity.
  • the ion guide can therefore be advantageously coupled to an orthogonal acceleration time of flight mass analyser which can be operated in conjunction with the ion guide so as to have an ion sampling duty cycle of nearly 100% across the whole mass range i.e. the ion sampling duty cycle is improved by a factor of approximately x5 and furthermore is substantially independent of the mass to charge ratio of the ions. This represents a significant advance in the art.
  • the electrodes forming the ion guide are connected to an AC or RF voltage supply.
  • the resulting AC or RF electric field acts to radially confine ions within the ion guide by creating a pseudo-potential well.
  • the AC or RF voltage supply may not necessarily output a sinusoidal waveform, and according to some embodiments a non-sinusoidal RF waveform such as a square wave may be provided.
  • a non-sinusoidal RF waveform such as a square wave may be provided.
  • at least 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, 50%, 60%, 70%, 80%, 90%, or 95% of the electrodes are connected to both a DC and an AC or RF voltage supply.
  • a repeating pattern of DC electrical potentials is superimposed along the length of the ion guide such as to form a periodic waveform.
  • the waveform is caused to travel along the ion guide in the direction in which it is required to move the ions at constant velocity.
  • the ion motion will be dampened by the viscous drag of the gas.
  • the ions will therefore drift forwards with the same velocity as that of the travelling waveform and hence ions will exit from the ion guide with substantially the same velocity, irrespective of their mass.
  • the ion guide preferably comprises a plurality of segments.
  • the ion guide is preferably segmented in the axial direction such that independent transient DC potentials can be applied, preferably independently, to each segment.
  • the DC travelling wave potential is preferably superimposed on top of the AC or RF radially confining voltage and any constant or underlying DC offset voltage which may be applied to the segment.
  • the DC potentials at which the various segments are maintained are preferably changed temporally so as to generate a travelling DC potential wave in the axial direction.
  • the DC voltage applied to each of the segments may be independently programmed to create a required waveform.
  • the individual DC voltages on each of the segments are preferably programmed to change in synchronism such that the waveform is maintained but shifted in the direction in which it is required to move the ions.
  • the DC voltage applied to each segment may be programmed to change continuously or in a series of steps.
  • the sequence of DC voltages applied to each segment may repeat at regular intervals, or at intervals that may progressively increase or decrease.
  • the time over which the complete sequence of voltages is applied to a particular segment is the cycle time T.
  • the inverse of the cycle time is the wave frequency f.
  • the distance along the RF ion guide over which the waveform repeats itself is the wavelength ⁇ .
  • the wavelength divided by the cycle time is the velocity v of the wave.
  • the wave velocity of the ions will be equal to that of the travelling wave.
  • the wave velocity may be controlled by selection of the cycle time.
  • the preferred velocity of the travelling wave may be dependent on a number of parameters. Such parameters may include the range of ion masses to be analysed, the pressure and composition of the bath gas and the maximum collision energy where fragmentation is to be avoided.
  • the amplitude of the travelling DC waveform may progressively increase or decrease towards the exit of the ion guide. Alternatively, the DC waveform may have a constant amplitude. In one embodiment the amplitude of the DC waveform grows to its full amplitude over the first few segments of the ion guide. This allows ions to be introduced and caught up by the travelling wave with minimal disruption to their sequence.
  • One application of the preferred ion guide is to convert a continuous ion beam into a synchronised pulsed beam of ions.
  • the ability to be able to convert a continuous beam of ions into a pulsed beam of ions is particularly advantageous when using an orthogonal acceleration time of flight mass analyser since it allows the pulsing of an orthogonal acceleration time of flight mass spectrometer to be synchronised with the arrival of ions at the orthogonal acceleration region.
  • the delay time between the time the ions exit the travelling wave ion guide and the pulsing of the orthogonal acceleration stage of the time of flight mass spectrometer depends on the distance to be travelled and the ion velocity. If all the ions have the same velocity, irrespective of their mass, then the ion sampling duty cycle will be optimised for all ions simultaneously, irrespective of their mass.
  • Another application of the preferred ion guide is to convert an asynchronous pulsed ion beam into a synchronous pulsed ion beam.
  • the travelling wave ion guide may be used to collect and organise an essentially random series of ion pulses into a new series with which an orthogonal acceleration time of flight mass analyser may be synchronised. Again, if all the ions have the same velocity, irrespective of their mass, then the ion sampling duty cycle may be optimised for all ions simultaneously, irrespective of their mass.
  • ions are not substantially fragmented within the ion guide so that all the ions received by the ion guide are essentially onwardly transmitted.
  • the ion guide is therefore preferably not used as a fragmentation cell.
  • the ion guide may comprise a plurality of rod segments (i.e. electrodes which do not have apertures) or more preferably the ion guide may comprise an ion tunnel ion guide.
  • An ion tunnel ion guide comprises a plurality of electrodes having apertures through which ions are transmitted in use.
  • the electrodes may comprise ring, annular, plate or substantially closed loop electrodes.
  • at least 50%, 60%, 70%, 80%, 90% or 95% of the electrodes forming the ion guide have apertures which are substantially the same size or area.
  • the diameter of the apertures of at least 50% of the electrodes forming the ion guide is preferably selected from the group consisting of: (i) ⁇ 20 mm; (ii) ⁇ 19 mm; (iii) ⁇ 18 mm; (iv) ⁇ 17 mm; (v) ⁇ 16 mm; (vi) ⁇ 15 mm; (vii) ⁇ 14 mm; (viii) ⁇ 13 mm; (ix) ⁇ 12 mm; (x) ⁇ 11 mm; (xi) ⁇ 10mm; (xii) ⁇ 9 mm; (xiii) ⁇ 8 mm; (xiv) ⁇ 7 mm; (xv) ⁇ 6 mm; (xvi) ⁇ 5 mm; (xvii) ⁇ 4 mm; (xviii) ⁇ 3 mm; (xix) ⁇ 2 mm; and (xx) ⁇ 1 mm.
  • the ion guide may comprise a plurality of segments wherein each segment comprises a plurality of electrodes having apertures through which ions are transmitted and wherein all the electrodes in a segment are maintained at substantially the same DC potential and wherein adjacent electrodes in a segment are supplied with different phases of an AC or RF voltage.
  • each segment comprises a plurality of electrodes having apertures through which ions are transmitted and wherein all the electrodes in a segment are maintained at substantially the same DC potential and wherein adjacent electrodes in a segment are supplied with different phases of an AC or RF voltage.
  • the ion guide may consist of 10-20, 20-30, 30-40, 40-50, 50-60, 60-70, 70-80, 80-90, 90-100, 100-110, 110-120, 120-130, 130-140, 140-150, >150, ⁇ 5 or ⁇ 10 electrodes.
  • at least 50% of the electrodes forming the ion guide are ⁇ 3 mm, ⁇ 2.5 mm, ⁇ 2.0 mm, ⁇ 1.5 mm, ⁇ 1.0 mm or ⁇ 0.5 mm thick.
  • the ion guide preferably is ⁇ 5 cm, 5-10 cm, 10-15 cm, 15-20 cm, 20-25 cm, 25-30 cm or > 30 cm long.
  • a gas may be introduced into the ion guide for causing the motion of ions to be dampened preferably without substantially causing fragmentation of the ions.
  • the ion guide may be located within a vacuum chamber maintained at a pressure such that the motion of ions is dampened without substantially causing fragmentation of the ions.
  • At least a portion of the ion guide is preferably maintained, in use, at a pressure selected from the group consisting of: (i) 0.0001-100 mbar; (ii) 0.001-10 mbar; (iii) 0.01-1 mbar; (iv) > 0.0001 mbar; (v) > 0.001 mbar; (vi) > 0.01 mbar; (vii) > 0.1 mbar; (viii) > 1 mbar; (ix) > 10 mbar; and (x) ⁇ 100 mbar.
  • a pressure selected from the group consisting of: (i) 0.0001-100 mbar; (ii) 0.001-10 mbar; (iii) 0.01-1 mbar; (iv) > 0.0001 mbar; (v) > 0.001 mbar; (vi) > 0.01 mbar; (vii) > 0.1 mbar; (viii) > 1 mbar; (ix) > 10 mbar; and (x
  • the travelling wave ion guide is preferably used at intermediate pressures between 0.0001 and 100 mbar, further preferably between 0.001 and 10 mbar, at which pressures the gas density will impose a viscous drag on the ions.
  • the gas at these pressures will appear as a viscous medium to the ions and will act to slow the ions.
  • the viscous drag resulting from frequent collisions with gas molecules helps to prevent the ions from building up excessive velocity. Consequently, the ions will tend to ride on the travelling DC wave rather than run ahead of the wave and execute excessive oscillations within the travelling potential wells.
  • the presence of the gas helps to impose a maximum velocity at which the ions will travel through the ion guide for a given field strength.
  • the higher the gas pressure the more frequent the ion-molecule collisions and the slower the ions will travel for a given field strength.
  • the energy of ions is dependent on their mass and the square of their velocity, and if fragmentation is to be avoided then it is desirable to keep the energy of the ions less than approximately 5-10 eV.
  • the preferred embodiment further comprises a time of flight mass analyser, preferably an orthogonal acceleration time of flight mass analyser.
  • Time of flight mass analysers are discontinuous devices in that they are designed to receive a packet of ions rather than a continuous beam of ions.
  • the time of flight analyser comprises a pusher and/or puller electrode which ejects packets of ions into a substantially field free or drift region wherein ions contained in a packet of ions are temporally separated according to their mass to charge ratio. The time taken for an ion to reach a detector is used to give an accurate determination of the mass to charge ratio of the ion in question.
  • Ions which exit the preferred ion guide can advantageously be arranged to reach the pusher and/or puller electrode of a time of flight mass analyser at substantially the same time. Since the ion guide produces a pulsed beam of ions, the repetition rate of the mass analyser may be matched to the waveform cycle time i.e. the repetition frequency of the DC waveform may be synchronised with the pusher pulses of the time of flight mass analyser to maximise the ion sampling duty cycle.
  • ions emitted from the ion guide will have substantially the same axial velocity, then ions of differing mass will have differing energies. If necessary, a slightly larger detector may be used in the time of flight mass analyser to accommodate ions having a spread of initial energies. Additionally and/or alternatively, the ions may be accelerated once they exit the ion guide almost immediately before reaching the pusher/puller region of the orthogonal acceleration time of flight mass analyser in order to reduce the relative energy spread of the ions. For sake of illustration only, if the ions emerge from the ion guide with constant velocity and have a range of energies from 1-10 eV then there is a 10:1 difference in axial energies between the most energetic ions and the least energetic ions. However, if all the ions are accelerated and given an additional 10 eV of energy, then the ions will have a range of energies from 11-20 eV and hence there will then only be a 1.8:1 difference in the spread of energies.
  • Either a continuous or pulsed ion source may be used.
  • the ion source may comprise an Electrospray ("ESI”), Atmospheric Pressure Chemical Ionisation (“APCI”), Atmospheric Pressure Photo Ionisation (“APPI”), Matrix Assisted Laser Desorption Ionisation (“MALDI”), Laser Desorption Ionisation, Inductively Coupled Plasma (“ICP”), Electron Impact (“EI”) or Chemical Ionisation (“CI”) ion source.
  • EI Electrospray
  • APCI Atmospheric Pressure Chemical Ionisation
  • APPI Atmospheric Pressure Photo Ionisation
  • MALDI Matrix Assisted Laser Desorption Ionisation
  • ICP Inductively Coupled Plasma
  • EI Electron Impact
  • CI Chemical Ionisation
  • no additional (static) axial DC voltage gradient is required.
  • a constant axial DC voltage gradient may be maintained along at least a portion of the ion guide. The travelling DC waveform would therefore be superimposed upon the underlying static axial DC voltage gradient.
  • an axial DC voltage difference of 0.1-0.5 V, 0.5-1.0 V, 1.0-1.5 V, 1.5-2.0 V, 2.0-2.5 V, 2.5-3.0 V, 3.0-3.5 V, 3.5-4.0 V, 4.0-4.5 V, 4.5-5.0 V, 5.0-5.5 V, 5.5-6.0 V, 6.0-6.5 V, 6.5-7.0 V, 7.0-7.5 V, 7.5-8.0 V, 8.0-8.5 V, 8.5-9.0 V, 9.0-9.5 V, 9.5-10.0 V or > 10V may be maintained along a portion of the ion guide.
  • an axial static DC voltage gradient may be maintained along at least a portion of ion guide selected from the group consisting of: (i) 0.01-0.05 V/cm; (ii) 0.05-0.10 V/cm; (iii) 0.10-0.15 V/cm; (iv) 0.15-0.20 V/cm; (v) 0.20-0.25 V/cm; (vi) 0.25-0.30 V/cm; (vii) 0.30-0.35 V/cm; (viii) 0.35-0.40 V/cm; (ix) 0.40-0.45 V/cm; (x) 0.45-0.50 V/cm; (xi) 0.50-0.60 V/cm; (xii) 0.60-0.70 V/cm; (xiii) 0.70-0.80 V/cm; (xiv) 0.80-0.90 V/cm; (xv) 0.90-1.0 V/cm; (xvi) 1.0-1.5 V/cm; (xvii
  • a static axial DC voltage gradient may be used to help urge ions within the ion guide towards the downstream exit region of the ion guide.
  • a static axial DC voltage gradient may be arranged which opposes the ions and helps to confine the ions to a region close to the travelling DC potential(s).
  • a mass spectrometer comprising:
  • the phase difference between two adjacent electrodes is selected from the group consisting of: (i) ⁇ 180°; (ii) ⁇ 150°; (iii) ⁇ 120°; (iv) ⁇ 90°; (v) ⁇ 60°; (vi) ⁇ 50°; (vii) ⁇ 40°; (viii) ⁇ 30°; (ix) ⁇ 20°; (x) ⁇ 15°; (xi) ⁇ 10°; and (xii) ⁇ 5°.
  • the voltage wave is a ripple or other waveform which modulates the velocity of ions passing through the ion guide so that the ions emerge with substantially the same velocity.
  • ions enter the ion guide as a substantially continuous beam but emerge as packets of ions due to the voltage wave.
  • a mass spectrometer comprising:
  • a mass spectrometer comprising:
  • a mass spectrometer comprising:
  • a mass spectrometer comprising:
  • ions are not substantially fragmented within the ion guide.
  • a mass spectrometer comprising:
  • an additional constant axial DC voltage gradient is maintained along at least 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, 25%, 30%, 35%, 40%, 45%, 50%, 55%, 60%, 65%, 70%, 75%, 80%, 85%, 90% or 95% of the length of the ion guide.
  • Preferred ion sources such as Electrospray or APCI ion sources are continuous ion sources whereas a time of flight analyser is a discontinuous device in that it preferably requires a packet of ions.
  • the ion guide according to the preferred embodiment is effective in essentially coupling a continuous ion source with a discontinuous mass analyser such as a time of flight mass analyser.
  • a method of mass spectrometry comprising:
  • a mass spectrometer comprising:
  • Each of said electrodes may have substantially the same constant DC offset voltage (which may be 0V or a positive or negative DC value) or alternatively at least some of the electrodes may be maintained at different DC offset voltages so that a constant axial DC voltage gradient is generated along at least part of the ion guide.
  • a mass spectrometer comprising:
  • a mass spectrometer comprising:
  • the first frequency differs from the second frequency by less than 50%, 40%, 30%, 20%, 10%, 5%, 1% or 0.1%.
  • the first frequency substantially matches the second frequency.
  • either the first frequency is substantially a harmonic frequency of the second frequency or the second frequency is substantially a harmonic frequency of the first frequency.
  • the DC wave may have a frequency in the range: (i) 1-5 kHz; (ii) 5-10 kHz; (iii) 10-15 kHz; (iv) 15-20 kHz; (v) 20-25 kHz; (vi) 25-30 kHz; (vii) 30-35 kHz; (viii) 35-40 kHz; (ix) 40-45 kHz; (x) 45-50 kHz; (xi) 50-55 kHz; (xii) 55-60 kHz; (xiii) 60-65 kHz; (xiv) 65-70 kHz; (xv) 70-75 kHz; (xvi) 75-80 kHz; (xvii) 80-85 kHz; (xviii) 85-90 kHz; (xix) 90-95 kHz; or (xx) 95-100 kHz.
  • a frequency of approximately 10 kHz is particularly preferred.
  • the injection electrode of the time of flight mass analyser may be energised with a frequency in the range: (i) 1-5 kHz; (ii) 5-10 kHz; (iii) 10-15 kHz; (iv) 15-20 kHz; (v) 20-25 kHz; (vi) 25-30 kHz; (vii) 30-35 kHz; (viii) 35-40 kHz; (ix) 40-45 kHz; (x) 45-50 kHz; (xi) 50-55 kHz; (xii) 55-60 kHz; (xiii) 60-65 kHz; (xiv) 65-70 kHz; (xv) 70-75 kHz; (xvi) 75-80 kHz; (xvii) 80-85 kHz; (xviii) 85-90 kHz; (xix) 90-95 kHz; or (xx) 95-100 kHz.
  • a frequency of 5-50 kHz is preferred and a frequency of 10-40
  • the DC wave may have an amplitude selected from the group consisting of: (i) 0.2-0.5 V; (ii) 0.5-1 V; (iii) 1-2 V; (iv) 2-3 V; (v) 3-4 V; (vi) 4-5 V; (vii) 5-6 V; (viii) 6-7 V; (ix) 7-8 V; (x) 8-9 V; (xi) 9-10 V; (xii) 10-11 V; (xiii) 11-12 V; (xiv) 12-13 V; (xv) 13-14 V; (xvi) 14-15 V; (xvii) 15-16 V; (xviii) 16-17 V; (xix) 17-18 V; (xx) 18-19 V; and (xxi) 19-20 V.
  • the amplitude is preferably the relative amplitude compared to any constant bias DC voltage applied to the ion guide.
  • a relative amplitude in the range 1-15 V is preferred and a relative amplitude in the range of 5-10 V is particularly preferred.
  • the ion guide comprises at least 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29 or 30 segments.
  • the DC wave comprises: (i) a potential barrier; (ii) a potential well; (iii) a potential well and a potential barrier; (iv) a repeating potential barrier; (v) a repeating potential well; (vi) a repeating potential well and potential barrier; or (vii) a repeating square wave.
  • the DC wave has an amplitude and the amplitude: (i) remains substantially constant; (ii) decreases with time; (iii) increases with time; or (iv) varies non-linearly with time.
  • a method of mass spectrometry comprising:
  • the ion guide is preferably an ion tunnel ion guide 1 comprising a housing having an entrance aperture 2 and an exit aperture 3.
  • the entrance and exit apertures 2,3 are preferably substantially circular apertures.
  • the plates forming the entrance and/or exit apertures 2,3 may be connected to independent programmable DC voltage supplies (not shown).
  • Each ion tunnel segment 4a;4b;4c comprises two interleaved and electrically isolated sections i.e. an upper and lower section.
  • the ion tunnel segment 4a closest to the entrance aperture 2 preferably comprises ten electrodes (with five electrodes in each section) and the remaining ion tunnel segments 4b,4c preferably each comprise eight electrodes (with four electrodes in each section). All the electrodes are preferably substantially similar in that they have a central substantially circular aperture (preferably 5 mm in diameter) through which ions are transmitted.
  • the entrance and exit apertures 2,3 may be smaller e.g. 2.2 mm in diameter than the apertures in the electrodes or the same size.
  • All the ion tunnel segments 4a,4b,4c are preferably connected to the same AC or RF voltage supply, and different segments 4a;4b;4c may be provided with different offset DC voltages.
  • a time varying DC potential wave is also applied to the various segments 4a,4b,4c so that a travelling DC voltage wave is generated.
  • the two sections forming an ion tunnel segment 4a;4b;4c are connected to different, preferably opposite, phases of the AC or RF voltage supply.
  • a single ion tunnel section is shown in greater detail in Figs. 2(a)-(c).
  • the ion tunnel section has four (or five) electrodes 5, each electrode 5 having a 5 mm diameter central aperture 6.
  • the four (or five) electrodes 5 depend or extend from a common bar or spine 7 and are preferably truncated at the opposite end to the bar 7 as shown in Fig. 2(a).
  • Each electrode 5 is typically 0.5 mm thick.
  • Two ion tunnel sections are interlocked or interleaved to provide a total of eight (or ten) electrodes 5 in an ion tunnel segment 4a;4b;4c with a 1 mm inter-electrode spacing once the two sections have been interleaved.
  • All the eight (or ten) electrodes 5 in an ion tunnel segment 4a;4b;4c comprised of two separate sections are preferably maintained at substantially the same DC voltage.
  • Adjacent electrodes in an ion tunnel segment 4a;4b;4c comprised of two interleaved sections are connected to different, preferably opposite, phases of an AC or RF voltage supply i.e. one section of an ion tunnel segment 4a;4b;4c is connected to one phase (RF+) and the other section of the ion tunnel segment 4a;4b;4c is connected to another phase (RF-).
  • Each ion tunnel segment 4a;4b;4c is mounted on a machined PEEK support that acts as the support for the entire assembly.
  • Individual ion tunnel sections are located and fixed to the PEEK support by means of a dowel and a screw. The screw is also used to provide the electrical connection to the ion tunnel section.
  • the PEEK supports are held in the correct orientation by two stainless steel plates attached to the PEEK supports using screws and located correctly using dowels. These plates are electrically isolated and have a voltage applied to them. Gas may optionally be supplied to the ion guide 1 via a 4.5 mm ID tube.
  • An AC or RF voltage supply provides phase (RF+) and anti-phase (RF-) voltages at a frequency of preferably 1.75 MHz and is coupled to the ion tunnel sections 4a,4b,4c via capacitors which are preferably identical in value (100pF). According to other embodiments the frequency may be in the range of 0.1-3.0 MHz.
  • the DC voltage supplied to the plates forming the entrance and exit apertures 2,3 is also preferably independently controllable and preferably no AC or RF voltage is supplied to these plates.
  • the transient or time varying DC voltage applied to each segment may be above and/or below that of the constant or time invariant DC voltage offset applied to the segment so as to cause movement of the ions in the axial direction.
  • Fig. 3(a) shows a simplified diagram of a segmented RF ion guide and shows the direction in which ions are to move.
  • Figs. 3(b)-(e) show four examples of various DC travelling waves superimposed upon a constant DC voltage offset.
  • Fig. 3(b) shows a waveform with a single potential hill or barrier
  • Fig. 3(c) shows a waveform with a single potential well
  • Fig. 3(d) shows a waveform with a single potential well followed by a potential hill or barrier
  • Fig. 3(e) shows a waveform with a repeating potential hill or barrier (square wave).

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Other Investigation Or Analysis Of Materials By Electrical Means (AREA)
  • Electron Tubes For Measurement (AREA)
EP04029441A 2001-06-25 2002-06-25 Spectromètre de masse Expired - Lifetime EP1580790B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (9)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB0115409 2001-06-25
GB0115409A GB0115409D0 (en) 2001-06-25 2001-06-25 Mass spectrometers and methods of mass spectrometry
GB0119449 2001-08-09
GB0119449A GB0119449D0 (en) 2001-06-25 2001-08-09 Gas collision cell
GB0120121 2001-08-17
GB0120111 2001-08-17
GB0120111A GB0120111D0 (en) 2001-06-25 2001-08-17 Mass spectrometers and methods of mass spectrometry
GB0120121A GB0120121D0 (en) 2001-06-25 2001-08-17 Gas collision cell
EP02254441A EP1271611B1 (fr) 2001-06-25 2002-06-25 Spectromètre de masse

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EP02254441A Division EP1271611B1 (fr) 2001-06-25 2002-06-25 Spectromètre de masse
EP02254441.5 Division 2002-06-25

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EP1580790A2 true EP1580790A2 (fr) 2005-09-28
EP1580790A3 EP1580790A3 (fr) 2006-05-24
EP1580790B1 EP1580790B1 (fr) 2012-12-26

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102005021836A1 (de) * 2005-05-11 2006-11-16 Geoforschungszentrum Potsdam Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum massenselektiven Ionentransport

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB0219872D0 (en) * 2002-08-27 2002-10-02 Univ Belfast Charged particle manipulation

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
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EP1505633B1 (fr) 2012-10-17
GB0120111D0 (en) 2001-10-10
GB0115409D0 (en) 2001-08-15
EP1505633A3 (fr) 2006-05-24
EP1580790B1 (fr) 2012-12-26
GB0119449D0 (en) 2001-10-03
EP1580790A3 (fr) 2006-05-24
EP1505633A2 (fr) 2005-02-09

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