EP1579393B1 - Automatic gate and associated method for permitting or preventing access - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to an automated door to allow or prohibit access to a space or a transport vehicle, in particular to a departure lounge or an aircraft.

In general, the invention applies to access to boarding lounges, boats, airplanes or all means of public transport or to buildings, access to lounges of airlines at airports, to zones duty-free.

The most traditional solutions are tripods controlled by the reading of a valid transport ticket.

Movable, sliding, rotating, or oscillating glass door gates are also known.

• La vitesse de libération du passage est très lente avec ces différents systèmes car les masses en mouvement sont importantes et l'inertie à vaincre forte.

The main disadvantages of these known solutions are the following:

• The speed of release of the passage is very slow with these different systems because the moving masses are important and the inertia to overcome strong.

In the tripods, the movement of the tripod is manual and the bars of the tripod constantly clog the passage, annoying the traveler, especially if he has luggage.

In revolving door systems, the door occupies a large space that can not be used for sensing devices.

Glass obstacle systems are fragile, that is, they do not withstand shocks.

Current systems have a low level of reliability because the obstacle can interfere with the detection of progress of the user. It is difficult to make a pass detection at different heights.

The fact that the ticket is recovered before passing the obstacle does not guarantee that the person has actually passed.

In addition, this recovery does not invite passage, because the turnstile remains static until you do the act of opening it yourself.

The document WO 96/34367 discloses an automated door adapted to detect the passage of a person at different heights and to monitor the movements of a person in the passage of the automated door.

The object of the present invention is to overcome the disadvantages of the known solutions above.

The invention thus aims at an automated door according to independent claim 1 and an access control method according to independent claim 27. According to a preferred version of the invention, the upstream end of the frame relative to the direction of movement of the person , comprises an inlet mouth for an access ticket and the downstream end of the frame comprises an outlet mouth of this ticket, the frame enclosing a path for moving the ticket between said inlet mouth and said outlet mouth of the ticket.

According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, this door is characterized in that it comprises means preventing the person from accessing the outlet mouth to take the ticket, when the leaf is in the position prohibiting the passage of the nobody.

According to a preferred version of the invention, this automated door is characterized in that the distance between the leaf and the exit of the ticket is such that when the leaf is in the position prohibiting the passage of a passenger, the latter can not accessing said ticket output to collect the ticket.

This distance must be greater than the length of the arm of a tall passenger plus a certain distance taking into account that the passenger can bend and rotate his shoulders to try to recover the ticket.

The invention thus avoids any risk that a passenger can defraud by recovering the coupon of his ticket, before opening the leaf.

According to an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the leaf is secured to the frame.

According to a particular version of the invention, the leaf is mounted in rotation along a substantially horizontal axis extending in the direction of the length of the frame.

According to a preferred version, in the position prohibiting the passage of the person, the leaf has a portion protruding from the frame having the shape of a circular sector, the circular edge of this sector being directed upwards.

This shape makes it possible to constitute an obstacle preventing the passage while allowing the leaf to fade completely in the open position of the door.

Preferably, the means for controlling the movement of the leaf are constituted by the reading of a valid ticket, allowing the movement of said leaf.

Also preferably, the side face of the frame adjacent to the passage of the person comprises detection cells cooperating with means prohibiting the opening of the leaf when these cells detect an abnormal situation.

• lesdites cellules comprennent au moins deux rangées superposées de cellules, l'une des rangées s'étendant de part et d'autre du vantail au-dessus d'une ligne située à mi-hauteur du bâti et l'autre rangée étant située au voisinage de cette ligne,
• lesdites cellules comprennent trois rangées superposées de cellules, l'une des rangées s'étendant de part et d'autre du vantail au-dessus d'une ligne située à mi-hauteur du bâti, une seconde rangée étant située au voisinage de cette ligne et une troisième rangée étant située en dessous de cette ligne,
• lesdites cellules comprennent au moins trois groupes de cellules, chacun de ces groupes étant affecté à des fonctions de détection différentes,
• un premier groupe de cellules est affecté à une fonction de détection assurant la sécurité de la personne, un deuxième groupe de cellules est affecté à une fonction de détection pour permettre le comptage des personnes et un troisième groupe est affecté à une fonction de détection des passages non autorisés et / ou frauduleux,
• au moins une cellule peut appartenir simultanément à deux groupes de cellules pour remplir des fonctions différentes suivant le groupe de cellules auquel ladite cellule est affectée,
• les cellules de la rangée supérieure comprises entre l'extrémité d'entrée du bâti et le vantail sont aptes à détecter l'entrée d'une personne adulte et éventuellement de deux ou plusieurs personnes rapprochées,
• les cellules de la rangée médiane comprises entre le vantail et l'extrémité de sortie du bâti sont aptes à détecter la sortie d'une personne après l'ouverture du vantail,
• les cellules de la rangée inférieure comprise entre l'extrémité d'entrée du bâti et le vantail sont aptes à détecter l'entrée d'un enfant,
• la détection d'un adulte tirant un trolley est réalisée par la combinaison d'au moins une cellule occultée de la rangée supérieure simultanément à l'occultation d'au moins deux cellules occultées sur la rangée inférieure, séparées par une cellule non occultée,
• les cellules situées près du vantail sont affectées à la sécurité de la personne contre la fermeture intempestive du vantail,
• les cellules des rangées supérieure ou médiane, situées en aval du vantail sont aptes à détecter le passage d'une personne ou d'un enfant de l'aval vers l'amont de la porte et à commander la fermeture du vantail pour interdire le retour de ladite personne.

According to an advantageous version of the invention:

• said cells comprise at least two superposed rows of cells, one of the rows extending on either side of the leaf above a line situated at half height of the frame and the other row being situated in the vicinity of this line,
• said cells comprise three superposed rows of cells, one of the rows extending on either side of the leaf above a line situated at half height of the frame, a second row being situated in the vicinity of this line and a third row being located below this line,
• said cells comprise at least three groups of cells, each of these groups being assigned to different detection functions,
• a first group of cells is assigned to a detection function ensuring the security of the person, a second group of cells is assigned to a detection function to allow the counting of persons and a third group is assigned to a function of detection of unauthorized and / or fraudulent passages,
• at least one cell can belong simultaneously to two groups of cells to perform different functions depending on the group of cells to which said cell is assigned,
• the cells of the upper row between the entrance end of the frame and the leaf are able to detect the entrance of an adult person and possibly two or more people close together,
• the cells of the middle row between the leaf and the outlet end of the frame are able to detect the exit of a person after the opening of the leaf,
• the cells of the lower row between the entrance end of the frame and the leaf are able to detect the entry of a child,
• the detection of an adult pulling a trolley is performed by the combination of at least one occulted cell of the upper row simultaneously with the occultation of at least two cells occulted on the lower row, separated by an unobstructed cell,
• the cells located near the leaf are assigned to the security of the person against the untimely closing of the leaf,
• the cells of the upper or middle rows, located downstream of the door leaf are able to detect the passage of a person or a child from the downstream to the upstream of the door and to command the closing of the leaf to prohibit the return of said person.

According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the frame contains a microcomputer adapted to receive information from an external central control station, a ticket reader introduced into the entrance mouth of the frame, detection cells. and to control via an automaton and a frequency converter the operation of an electric motor to move the leaf to the open or closed positions.

Other features and advantages of the invention will become apparent in the description below.

• la figure 1 est une vue en perspective d'une porte automatisée selon l'invention,
• la figure 2 est une vue en élévation, après enlèvement des panneaux latéraux et des capots supérieurs, de la porte automatisée selon l'invention,
• la figure 3 est une vue partielle de la porte automatisée, les capots supérieurs étant en place,
• la figure 4 est une vue analogue à la figure 3 les capots supérieurs étant ouverts,
• la figure 5 est une vue en élévation de l'extrémité avant de la porte automatisée, le vantail étant en position fermé,
• la figure 6 est une vue schématique d'une face latérale de la porte automatisée montrant l'emplacement des cellules de détection,
• la figure 7 est une vue schématique montrant un ticket en position entre deux courroies de transport et les têtes de lecture du lecteur,
• la figure 8 est une vue en plan montrant un ticket et un lecteur,
• la figure 9 est un schéma montrant les différents organes de commande de la porte automatisée,
• la figure 10 est une vue en perspective montrant le chemin de transport de la porte automatisée, les capots supérieurs étant ouverts,
• la figure 11 est une vue en coupe longitudinale partielle du chemin de transport montrant la jonction entre deux modules de transport,
• la figure 12 est une vue en plan partielle montrant le dessus du chemin de transport et la jonction entre deux modules,
• les figures 13, 14, 15 sont des vues schématiques en plan montrant trois modes de réalisation de la jonction entre deux modules de transport,
• la figure 16 est une vue schématique latérale de deux modules selon un autre mode de réalisation.
• la figure 17 est une vue en élévation et en coupe longitudinale partielle d'un basculeur et d'un dispositif de séparation, le basculeur étant en position inactive,
• la figure 18 est une vue analogue à la figure 17, le basculeur étant dans l'une de ses positions actives par rapport au dispositif de séparation,
• la figure 19 est une vue analogue aux figures 17 et 18, le basculeur étant en position d'évacuation vers un bac de stockage,
• la figure 20 est une vue analogue aux figures 17 à 19, le basculeur étant dans une autre position active située à 180° de la position représentée sur la figure 18,
• la figure 21 est une vue analogue à la figure 19, montrant une autre position d'évacuation vers un bac de stockage,
• la figure 22 est une vue analogue à la figure 17, montrant le basculeur dans une position dans laquelle l'un des ensembles de courroies est séparé de l'autre ensemble de courroies,
• la figure 23 est une vue en perspective montrant un dispositif de contrôle de la position d'une pièce mobile par rapport à une pièce de référence,
• la figure 24 est une vue en plan du dessus de la figure 23,
• la figure 24A est un schéma montrant une variante de la forme des bords des pièces mobile et de référence,
• la figure 25 est une vue en élévation et en coupe longitudinale d'un dispositif de séparation montrant une première position du guide et de la lame de coupe,
• la figure 26 est une vue analogue à la figure 25, à plus petite échelle, montrant le guide et la lame de coupe dans une seconde position,
• la figure 27 est une vue en plan de la lame de coupe et des cames portées par l'arbre du moteur électrique,
• la figure 28 est une vue en plan de la lame de coupe montrant une variante des moyens de commande de cette lame et du support du guide,
• la figure 29 est une vue en coupe schématique du support du guide et de la lame de coupe,
• les figures 30 et 31 sont chacune une vue schématique, similaire à la figure 6, d'une face latérale de la porte automatisée montrant l'emplacement des cellules de détection, dans des modes de réalisation comprenant 3 rangées de cellules, le mode de réalisation de la figure 31 comprenant des cellules additionnelles relativement au mode de réalisation de la figure 30 ; et,
• les figures 32 et 33, illustrent des regroupement des cellules en zones pour différents contrôles.

In the accompanying drawings, given as non-limiting examples:

• the figure 1 is a perspective view of an automated door according to the invention,
• the figure 2 is an elevational view, after removal of the side panels and upper covers, of the automated door according to the invention,
• the figure 3 is a partial view of the automated door, the upper covers being in place,
• the figure 4 is a view similar to the figure 3 the upper covers being open,
• the figure 5 is an elevational view of the front end of the automated door, the leaf being in the closed position,
• the figure 6 is a schematic view of a side face of the automated door showing the location of the detection cells,
• the figure 7 is a schematic view showing a ticket in position between two transport belts and the reading heads of the reader,
• the figure 8 is a plan view showing a ticket and a reader,
• the figure 9 is a diagram showing the various control devices of the automated door,
• the figure 10 is a perspective view showing the transport path of the automated door, the upper covers being open,
• the figure 11 is a partial longitudinal sectional view of the transport path showing the junction between two transport modules,
• the figure 12 is a partial plan view showing the top of the transport path and the junction between two modules,
• the Figures 13, 14, 15 are schematic plan views showing three embodiments of the junction between two transport modules,
• the figure 16 is a schematic side view of two modules according to another embodiment.
• the figure 17 is an elevational view in partial longitudinal section of a rocker and a separation device, the rocker being in the inactive position,
• the figure 18 is a view similar to the figure 17 , the rocker being in one of its active positions with respect to the separation device,
• the figure 19 is a view similar to figures 17 and 18 , the rocker being in the evacuation position towards a storage tank,
• the figure 20 is a view similar to Figures 17 to 19 , the rocker being in another active position located 180 ° from the position shown on the figure 18 ,
• the figure 21 is a view similar to the figure 19 , showing another evacuation position to a storage bin,
• the figure 22 is a view similar to the figure 17 showing the rocker in a position in which one of the sets of belts is separated from the other set of belts,
• the figure 23 is a perspective view showing a device for controlling the position of a moving part relative to a reference part,
• the figure 24 is a plan view from above of the figure 23 ,
• the figure 24A is a diagram showing a variant of the shape of the edges of the moving and reference parts,
• the figure 25 is an elevational view in longitudinal section of a separating device showing a first position of the guide and the cutting blade,
• the figure 26 is a view similar to the figure 25 , on a smaller scale, showing the guide and the cutting blade in a second position,
• the figure 27 is a plan view of the cutting blade and cams carried by the electric motor shaft,
• the figure 28 is a plan view of the cutting blade showing a variant of the control means of this blade and the support of the guide,
• the figure 29 is a schematic sectional view of the support of the guide and the cutting blade,
• the Figures 30 and 31 are each a schematic view, similar to the figure 6 , a side face of the automated door showing the location of the detection cells, in embodiments comprising 3 rows of cells, the embodiment of the figure 31 comprising additional cells relative to the embodiment of the figure 30 ; and,
• the Figures 32 and 33 , illustrate clustering of cells in zones for different controls.

In the embodiment shown on the Figures 1 to 5 , the automated door 1 to allow or prohibit access to a space or a transport vehicle, in particular to a departure lounge or to an aircraft, comprises an elongated vertical frame 2 constituting a closed box of parallelepiped shape. This frame 2 carries a leaf 3 movable between a closed position (see figure 5 ) in which the leaf 3 forms a barrier prohibiting the passage of a passenger along the frame 2 and an open position in which the leaf 3 allows this passage.

The upstream end of the frame 2 relative to the direction of travel of the passenger comprises near the upper face of the frame an inlet mouth 4 for an access ticket and the downstream end of the frame 2 comprises, on the upper face of the frame , an outlet mouth 5 of this ticket. The frame 2 contains means which will be detailed later to control the movement of the leaf 3 between the two aforementioned positions. The frame 2 further comprises, at its upper part, a transport path 6 of the ticket between the input 4 and the output 5 of the ticket and means for reading the ticket.

In the example shown, the distance d (see figure 3 ) between the leaf 3 and the outlet mouth 5 of the ticket is such that, when the leaf 3 is in the position prohibiting the passage of a passenger, the latter can not access said output 5 ticket to take the latter.

As shown by figures 1 and 5 , the leaf 3 is integral with the frame 2 and is rotatably mounted along a substantially horizontal axis X - X 'extending in the direction of the length of the frame 2.

Furthermore, in the position prohibiting passage of the passenger, the leaf 3 has a portion protruding from the frame 2 having the shape of a circular sector, the circular edge 3a of this sector being directed upwards, as indicated on the figure 5 .

The means for controlling the movement of the leaf 3 are constituted by the reading of a valid ticket, allowing the movement of said leaf 3.

As we see on the figures 2 and 6 , the side face 2a of the frame 2 adjacent to the passage of the passenger comprises detection cells C1, C2, ... C33 cooperating with means prohibiting the opening of the leaf 3, when these cells detect an abnormal situation.

In the case of figure 2 there are three rows of cells. In the case of figure 6 , the lateral face 2a of the frame 2 carries two superposed rows of cells. The upper row of cell C1 to C12 extends on either side of the leaf 3 above the line L located halfway up the frame 2 and the other row comprising the cells C23 to C31 is located in the vicinity of this line.

In another embodiment, the cells C1, C2, ... C33 comprise three superposed rows of cells, one of the rows extending on either side of the leaf 3 above a line L situated at mid-height of the frame 2, a second row being situated in the vicinity of this line L and a third row being situated below this line L.

The cells above comprise at least three groups of cells, each of these groups being assigned to different detection functions.

A first group of cells is assigned to a detection function ensuring the safety of the passenger, a second group of cells is assigned to a detection function to enable the counting of passengers and a third group is assigned to a non-pass detection function. authorized and / or fraudulent.

At least one cell may belong simultaneously to two groups of cells to perform different functions depending on the group of cells to which that cell is assigned.

The cells C1 to C8 of the upper row between the entrance end 4 of the frame and the leaf 3 are able to detect the entrance of an adult passenger and possibly the unauthorized passage of two or more passengers close together.

The cells of the middle row between the leaf 3 and the outlet end 7 of the frame 2 are able to detect the exit of a passenger after the opening of the leaf 3.

The cells of the lower row between the entrance end 4 of the frame and the leaf 3 are able to detect the entry of a child.

The detection of an adult pulling a trolley is performed by the combination of at least one occulted cell of the upper row simultaneously with the occultation of at least two cells occulted on the lower row, separated by an unobstructed cell.

The cells located near the leaf 3 are assigned to the safety of the passenger against the untimely closing of the leaf.

The cells of the upper or middle rows, located downstream of the leaf are able to detect the passage of a person or a child from the downstream to the upstream of the door and to command the closing of the leaf to prohibit the return of this person.

Frame 2 encloses (see figure 9 ) a microcomputer 8 adapted to receive information from an external central control station 9, a reader 10 of the ticket introduced into the inlet mouth 4 of the frame, C1 ... C33 detection cells. The microcomputer 8 also controls via a PLC 11 and a frequency converter 12 the operating an electric motor 13 to move the leaf 3, or a second leaf to the open or closed position.

The microcomputer 8 also receives information 8a, cells, motors 13 and various modules contained in the frame 2 which will be detailed later.

As shown by figure 8 , the ticket 14 includes a magnetic strip 15. The frame 2 contains four read heads 16, 17, 18, 19 of this magnetic strip, able to read the latter, regardless of the position in which the ticket is inserted into the entry 4.

The device can also operate with two read heads for the same face of the ticket. In this case, when the magnetic strip 15 is not located in alignment with one of the two of the two read heads, the ticket is routed to a turning module 24 to return it and then back to the heads reading.

Furthermore, the frame 2 further comprises near the end 7 of the ticket, a module 20 for cutting the ticket and detaching from it a coupon 21 (see figure 8 ) to be picked up by the passenger, and one or two stores 50, 51 (see figure 2 ) to recover the remaining part 23 of the ticket.

On the other hand, the frame 2 comprises between the travel path 6 of the ticket and the module 20 to cut the ticket, a module 24 to return the latter. This module 24 and the module for cutting the ticket will be described in detail below.

The frame 2 also contains a printer (not shown) for printing a second ticket different from the ticket read by the reading means, this printer being controlled according to the data read by a reader and information received from the external control station 9.

In the example shown, the frame 2 comprises a second leaf pivotally mounted inside the frame, near the first leaf, on an axis X - X 'common with the latter, this leaf making in the closed position, projection on the face of the frame 2 opposite to that on which the first leaf protrudes when in the closed position.

In the example illustrated by the figure 1 , the door has a second frame 2c parallel to the first and delimiting the passage. This second frame 2c comprises a second leaf 3b cooperating with the first leaf 3, the opening of the first and second leaves being controlled by reading a valid ticket and the means associated with the opening of the passage.

In addition, the door may include sound or visual signage associated with each normal or abnormal situation of passage.

In addition, the door according to the invention may have a symmetrical architecture adapted to allow passage in either a direction or in the opposite direction.

The door just described is fully automated.

The passenger introduces his ticket to the input 4 of the frame 2. The read heads 16 to 19 detect the position of the ticket and read the magnetic track. This ticket is validated by the microcomputer 8 in connection with the external central station 9. In the event of an anomaly, the leaf 3 does not open. The side cells of the frame detect if the passenger is in a normal situation. If yes, the leaf 3 can open. As long as the leaf 3 is closed, the passenger can not take the coupon of his ticket at the exit.

After opening the leaf, the cells detect the exit of the passenger and the module 20 cut the ticket to detach the coupon 21 and eject it outside. The passenger can then recover the coupon.

The Figures 10 to 16 represent a device 30 for conveying flat documents such as tickets, cards and the like onto transport modules aligned with each other. This device is contained in the upper part of frame 2.

In the example of Figures 11, 12 and 13 each transport module 31, 32 comprises two parallel belts 34, 35; 34a, 35a each wound at their opposite ends on two pulleys 36, 37; 36a, 37a mounted in rotation on axes 38, 39 fixed relative to a frame 40, 41. Each of the two parallel belts (see figure 11 ) is disposed in longitudinal contact with another belt such as 42, 43 so that the documents are held between two superimposed pairs of belts and driven by the displacement of the latter.

We see on figures 12 and 13 , that the ends of the belts 34, 35 of one of the modules are located beyond the ends of the belts 34a, 35a of the neighboring module. Thus, the belts 34a, 35a of the module 32 are imbricated in those of the module 31, so that there is no discontinuity at the junction of the two modules.

We also see on the figure 12 that the axis 38 of rotation of the two pulleys 36, 37 of one of the modules is substantially aligned with the axis 39 of rotation of the two pulleys 36a, 37a of the neighboring module.

Moreover, these two aligned axes of rotation are physically different, so as to define a free space 44 between the two pulleys of one of the modules and the two pulleys of the other module, which allows the replacement of the belts.

The figure 11 shows also that for each module, the pulleys of the two superposed pairs of belts, are at each end thereof, located at right of each other.

Alternatively (see figure 16 ), for each module, the pulleys 38a, 38 of the two superposed pairs of belts 35, 42; 35a, 43 could at each end thereof be axially offset from one another.

In the variant shown on the figure 14 , the module with two pairs of parallel belts 34, 35 is bordered on each side by a module having only one relatively wide belt 34a, placed under another identical belt.

In the variant illustrated by the figure 15 the axes 38 and 39 of the pulleys of two adjacent modules are not aligned, but offset, so that the ends of the belts 34, 35; 34a, 35a are further nested within each other.

The absence of discontinuity of the transport path 6 documents avoids any risk of blocking them.

The figure 10 shows on the other hand, that each transport module is covered by a hood 45, 46, 47 that can open and close again independently of the covers of the other modules. These covers facilitate the maintenance of the ticket transport path.

In addition, the upper belts and pulleys can be mounted on a detachable frame by pivoting relative to the lower belts and pulleys.

According to an important feature of the invention, the modules are independent of each other and interchangeable.

Thus the transport device according to the invention can comprise several transport modules, some of these modules comprising an additional function chosen from the following: reading the transported document, turning over the document, cutting the document, printing the document.

The Figures 17 to 22 show in detail the overturning module 24 mentioned above preceding the separating device 20 of the ticket in two parts, one of these parts being distributed at the outlet 5 of the separating device. This turnaround module 24 is adapted so that the distributed part of the ticket or coupon is always the same regardless of the direction in which the ticket is introduced into the inlet 4 of the automated door.

• diriger le ticket vers le dispositif de séparation 20, si la partie à détacher et à distribuer est située à l'avant,
• retourner de 180° le document, si la partie à détacher est située à l'arrière, puis diriger le ticket vers le dispositif de séparation 20.

The turning module 24 comprises, upstream of the separation device 20, a member comprising means for holding the ticket and for performing the following operations:

• direct the ticket to the separating device 20, if the part to be detached and distributed is located at the front,
• turn the document by 180 °, if the part to be detached is located at the rear, then direct the ticket towards the separation device 20.

The turning module 24 further comprises means for directing to a collection tank 50 or 51 (see FIG. figure 2 ) the remaining part of the document.

As shown for example by figure 17 , the module 24 comprises a rocker 52 rotatably mounted about an axis Y -Y 'perpendicular to the ticket path, comprising means for holding the ticket, this rocker 52 comprising an inlet end 53 for the ticket and an end of output 54 for the latter. This rocker 52 is rotatable between a position in which (see figure 17 ) the input end 53 of this rocker is opposite a ticket transport module, a position in which (see figure 18 ) the outlet end 54 of the rocker 52 is opposite the inlet 55 of the separating device 20 and a position 180 ° from the previous one, in which (see FIG. figure 20 ) the inlet end 53 of the rocker 24 is opposite the inlet 55 of the separating device 20.

The rocker 52 further comprises means for moving the ticket between the inlet end 53 and outlet 54 of the rocker.

The figures 19 and 21 show on the other hand that the rocker 52 is further rotatable between any of the positions shown on the figures 18 and 20 and two intermediate positions between them in which the inlet end 53 or exit 54 of the rocker is not opposite the inlet 55 of the separating device 20 but facing a collection tank 50, 51 of the remaining part of the ticket.

The rocker 52 also includes means for moving the remaining portion of the ticket to the collection tray 50, 51, when in the intermediate positions above.

In the example of Figures 17 to 22 the means for holding and moving the ticket comprise two pairs of belts 56, 57 wound on pulleys 58, 59, 60, 61, the belts bearing on either side of the ticket to hold it and move it by rotating the pulleys 58, 59, 60, 61 in one direction or in another direction. The rotation of the rocker 52 between the different positions is controlled by an electric motor of the step type.

The rotation of the pulleys 58 to 61 is controlled by an electric motor also of the step type.

The figure 22 shows that the assembly constituted by one of the pairs of belts 56 and the corresponding pulleys 58, 59 can be separated from the assembly constituted by the other pair of belts 57 and the corresponding pulleys 60, 61 by rotation of the one of the sets with respect to the other to ensure maintenance and if necessary intervene in case of blocking a ticket.

As indicated above, the ticket transport module to the rocker 52 is associated with ticket read heads adapted to detect the position of the two parts of the ticket with respect to its direction of movement.

These read heads cooperate with the microcomputer 8 (see figure 9 ) for controlling the rotation of the rocker 52 between the various positions and the movement of the ticket in this rocker.

Furthermore, the various positions of the rocker 52 are detected by sensors which will be detailed later.

In the example of Figures 17 to 22 , the separating device 20 is a two-part ticket cutting device. The input 55 of the separation device 20 includes a guide 70 for guiding the entry of the ticket into the device. This guide 70 extends substantially in the direction of the ticket held between the two pairs of belts 56, 57 of the rocker 52, when the latter is in one of the positions mentioned above opposite the inlet 55 of the device. separation 20.

Thus, as explained above, the rocker 52 makes it possible to present at the inlet 55 of the separation device 20, a ticket oriented in the right direction, that is to say with the detachable coupon located at the front, intended for the Passenger having crossed the automated door according to the invention.

All the above operations are fully automated and controlled by the microcomputer 8.

The Figures 23 and 24 represent a device for controlling the position of a portion of the rocker 52 relative to a fixed reference 63. This device comprises a cell 64 emitting a conical light beam 67 fixed to a portion 65 fixed relative to the frame 2.

The conical light beam 67 is directed towards the fixed reference piece 63 and towards a receiver 66 arranged facing the face of the fixed reference piece 63 opposite the cell 64, but capable of sensing the part of the conical light beam 67 which is not masked by the reference part 63. The mobile mechanical part 152 has a part 68 capable of cutting the conical light beam 67 when it is in the position to be checked facing the receiver 66 at the limit of the overlap with the fixed reference piece 63.

In the example shown on the figure 23 , the reference piece 63 is a tab projecting perpendicularly from a fixed flat plate 65. This tab 63 is parallel to the portion 68 of the movable part 152. The portion 68 comprises an upper edge 68a may be aligned with the lower edge 63a of the lug 63 when the moving part 152 is in the position to be controlled. The receiver 66 is placed slightly below the lower edge 63a of the tab, so that when the upper edge 68a of the portion 68 of the moving part 152 is aligned with the lower edge 63a of the tab 63, the receiver 66 detects a total breaking of the light beam 67 emitted by the cell 64.

In the example shown, the moving part 152 is a part movable in rotation towards at least one limit position to be controlled, namely that represented on the Figures 23 and 24 . This moving part is part of the rocker described above which is rotatable between several positions to directly direct a ticket or by turning it after rotation of 180 ° of this rocker to the separating device 20 of the ticket in two parts.

The device represented on the Figures 23 and 24 works as follows:

The limit position to be controlled is that in which the edge 68a of the moving part 152 after having turned by an angle reaches the alignment of the edge 63a of the fixed reference 63. Shortly before, this limit position, the beam light 67 emitted by the cell 64 is diaphragmed by the upper edge 68a of the portion 68 of the piece 52 and by the lower edge 63a of the reference piece 63. As a result, the receiver 66 captures only the portion of the light beam 67 which passes through the aforementioned diaphragm.

When the upper edge 68a of the piece 52 comes exactly in line with the edge 63a of the fixed reference 63, the beam 67 is completely masked by the part 68 and by the reference 63, so that the receiver 66 does not pick up any more. light. The electrical signal corresponding to this situation can then control the stopping of the motor which rotates the moving part 52, namely the rocker in the example in question.

In the case of the rocker 52 shown on the Figures 17 to 22 , the limit position in which the output 54 or its input 53 must be aligned with the input 55 of the separation device 20 is detected by the receiver 66 of a light beam which cooperates with the fixed reference part 63 and with the part 68 of the rocker 52 or with a part thereof shifted 180 ° relative to the portion 68.

In the example of Figures 17 to 22 , the receiver 66 and the reference part 63 are fixed to the upper part of the separating device 20.

In the example shown, the upper edge 68a of the portion 68 and the lower edge 63a of the tab 63 are straight.

In a variant shown on the figure 24A , the upper edges 68a and lower 63a of the above parts have a concave rounded shape, so that when the limit position to be controlled is reached, the two shapes intersect at a point.

This variant would further improve the accuracy of the position control.

The above device can be applied to the measurement of distances, angles and speeds of rotation.

The Figures 25 and 26 represent the separating device 20 which is arranged following the overturning module 24. The separating device 20 comprises a guide 70 whose inlet 55 is arranged opposite the outlet 54 of the rocker to guide the movement of the ticket towards the exit 5.

The separating device 20 further comprises a knife blade 71 which is movable in translation between a position (see FIG. figure 25 ) spaced apart from the trajectory of the ticket defined by the guide 70 and a position (see figure 26 ) in which the knife blade 71 intersects the above path, i.e. separates the ticket into two parts.

Moreover, the guide 70 is movable between a position (see figure 25 ) spaced from the outlet of the rocker 24, wherein the cutting blade 71 is in the spaced position and a position (see figure 26 ) close to the output of the rocker in which the blade 71 is in the position in which it intersects the path of the ticket to separate it into two parts.

This arrangement improves the ticket guidance in the separation device to avoid any risk of blockage.

The separating device 20 comprises means for controlling the displacement of the cutting blade 71 and means for controlling the displacement of the guide 70 between the two aforementioned positions. These means are adapted to control the movement of the cutting blade 71 when the ticket is partly clear of the outlet 70 while still being partially engaged in the guide and partly engaged in the conveyor 79 described later.

In the example shown, the means for controlling the displacement of the cutting blade 71 comprise (see FIG. figure 27 ) a cam 72 integral with a shaft 73 rotated by an electric motor. This cam 72 cooperates with the edges of a window 74 made in the cutting blade 71.

In the example shown, the guide 70 is constituted by two plates spaced a distance adapted to the passage of the ticket.

The means for controlling the displacement of the guide 70 comprise a support 75 of this guide secured to the latter and extending transversely to this guide 70. The displacement of this support 75 is controlled by a second cam 76 (see figure 27 ) integral with the shaft 73 rotated by the electric motor, mentioned above. This cam 76 cooperates with a support surface 77 of the support, as shown by the figure 25 .

Thus the cam 72 cooperating with the cutting blade 71 and the cam 76 cooperating with the support 75 of the guide 70 are integral with the same shaft 73 rotated by the electric motor.

The displacement of the support 75 is guided in rotation about the axis 78, as indicated on the figure 25 . This displacement of the support of the guide could also be guided in translation.

As we see on the Figures 25 and 26 , the separation device 20 comprises in the alignment of the guide 70, a belt conveyor 79 superposed 80, 81 able to transport the cut portion of the ticket to the outlet 5 of the device.

The belts 80, 81 of the conveyor 79 are wound on pulleys 82, 83 driven in rotation by an electric motor.

The separation device 20 which has just been described operates as follows.

The ticket is conveyed in the guide 70 by the belts of the rocker 24.

In a first phase, the guide 70 is pushed by its support 75 and by the cam 76 to the position shown by the figure 20 , where the end of the guide 70 is close to the conveyor 79. During this movement of the guide 70, the cutting blade 71 is spaced from the guide.

In a second phase, the guide 70 moves back to the position shown in FIG. figure 21 leaving the ticket in the path of the cutting blade 71. The latter then moves under the effect of the cam 72 and cut the ticket in two parts.

The front part of the ticket, that is to say the coupon, is transported to exit 5 where it can be retrieved by the passenger.

The rear portion of the ticket is taken by the rocker 24 and is stored in one of the bins 50, 51.

In the variant illustrated by the Figures 28 and 29 , pivoting of the support 75 of the guide 70 is controlled by a ramp 90 which is integral with the cutting blade 71. The translational movement of the blade 71 causes in its movement the ramp 90 which relies on the surface of support 77 causes the pivoting of the support 75. A return spring not shown controls the reverse movement.

We will now describe the modes of achievement of Figures 30 and 31 .

The side face of the frame, as illustrated in Figures 30 and 31 , comprises three superimposed rows of cells superimposed between them. As in the embodiment of the figure 6 a first middle row of cells M is situated in the vicinity of the half-height of the lateral face 2a of the frame 2, and a high row H situated above the center line M. It comprises in in addition to a low row B located below the middle row. The cells are arranged in columns numbered from 1 to 12, in the sense of access to the space, denoted by an arrow A. The opposite direction of movement is represented by an arrow B. The cells are designated by the letter of their row associated with the number of their column. Thus, the M5 cell is the cell of the midline in the fifth column. Each row defines a horizontal detection plane, respectively median, high and low.

We will first describe the embodiment of the figure 30 , and particularly its mode of operation. As previously described, especially with reference to figures 1 , 2 and 6 , in the embodiment of the figure 30 , the door comprises two movable leaves in planes perpendicular to the face 2a of the frame 2, on either side of the seventh column. The leaves are represented at the figure 30 by their projections 3, 3b on the face 2a, the first leaf 3 being between the sixth and seventh columns, and the second leaf 3b between the seventh and eighth columns. An input ZA zone extending from the first to the seventh column, ie up to the second leaf, is defined, followed by an output zone ZB extending beyond the second leaf.

The top plane is used for the detection of tall people, the middle plane for children and the bottom plane for the detection of people crawling in the device. The combination of the top and middle planes differentiates a person, child or trolley and carry-on baggage. For example, if only the top cells are obscured, the device detects hand luggage; if only the bottom cells are obscured, the device detects a child or a cart; if the top and bottom cells are obscured, the device detects a person. The term carriage may include a wheeled suitcase.

An object of the door is to ensure secure access, especially when boarding passengers in an airplane, it is this case which will be taken as an example thereafter. It is therefore necessary to detect all the unauthorized accesses. Cells are used to detect, through abnormal movement, unauthorized access. It may be possible to distinguish between an intrusion fraud. Can be considered intrusion, any abnormal movement in the door as long as there is no fraudulent crossing of the obstacle. One distinguishes in particular the intrusion at rest, the intrusion in opposite direction, that is to say in the direction of the arrow B, and the small train before or after authorized passage, that is to say when two people try to cross the door one behind the other with only authorization for one person. An illegal crossing of the obstacle can be considered as a fraud. In the same way, one distinguishes the fraud with the rest, opposite senses and small train.

Fraud-wide fraud is a type of fraud in which the person obstructs a certain number of cells (which can be parameterized) and the crossing of the leaves is detected.

For a crawling fraud to be detected, the person must only obstruct the lower cell B7.

A small train is detected when a number of consecutive cells, of the same row or superimposed on two rows, concealed simultaneously is greater than a given number.

Preferably, it can be expected that in all cases, as soon as an intrusion is detected, and a fortiori a fraud, the leaves receive an order to close, and close immediately if they were open or are kept closed if they were not. Of course, it can also be expected that the leaves will close only if no one is in the closing area of the leaves, to avoid hurting a person who would be present in the area of the vents. The closure of the leaves can be replaced or supplemented by a sound and / or light signal, for example pictograms. It can further be provided that a message is sent to a host system, for example a central computer. The state of intrusion or fraud can be maintained a certain time, configurable, after disappearance of the cause causing it.

An evacuation operating mode can be provided, for example when an evacuation command is activated locally, in which the door is kept open to allow free movement, especially in the opposite direction B.

Crossing the door is usually allowed after reading a valid access title by a reader for the access title. The reader and the door share a common frame. They must have a consistent behavior towards the passenger. This one introduces for example a coupon in the reader, advances while the leaves of the door open and recovers his document cut in the back of the reader.

The reader must know the status of a door controller. He must be able to adapt his behavior to the activity of the door.

The "active door" state indicates that the gate controller is initialized. The reader must consider these different states when dealing with a coupon. The reader considers that the door is unavailable for the introduction of a coupon until it has explicitly stated that it is ready (or almost ready), occupied or inactive. The state "active door" corresponds to the initial state of the door view of the reader.

The "door inactive" status indicates that the door controller does not control the flow of passengers. This is typically the case where the passage is permanently open. The reader in this case does not take into account the state of occupancy of the door. He considers that the door is always available.

The "door ready" status indicates that the door is ready for acceptance by a passenger. This is the state of repose of the door. The reader considers that the door is then available for the introduction of a coupon.

The "occupied door" status indicates that the door is occupied. This is typically the case where the door has been opened or is being processed by a passenger. One can also consider the case where the door is blocked because of maintenance or because of obstruction of the passage. The reader considers that the door is then unavailable for the introduction of a coupon. Advantageously, if the door is not ready after a given time, and an access title has been introduced by an entry for the title, the title is returned to the entry for the title.

The "almost ready" state indicates that the door is active and will be ready, if all goes well, in a very short time. This is typically the case where the door controller begins to close the passage, because the passenger has advanced sufficiently. The door will not actually be ready unless the passage is completely closed. If the gate has to be reopened by the gatekeeper, the gate will return busy and if a new coupon has been introduced into the reader it will be rejected. This state makes it possible to anticipate the introduction of a new coupon in the reader, but this anticipation must remain local to the reader. As long as the door is not ready, no message indicating that a document has been entered can be sent to a host system by the reader. During this state the reader considers that the door is available for the introduction of a coupon.

Several transit statuses of a passenger are possible. Each status corresponds to a step in the crossing of the door by the passenger.

The "door entry" status indicates that the authorized passenger is in the entrance area of the door.

The "door crossing" status indicates that the authorized passenger is crossing the leaves.

The "door exit" status indicates that the passenger has passed the leaves and is leaving the door.

A delay may be provided and engaged after at least some of the steps of crossing the door, an anomaly being detected if a next step of crossing the door is not performed during this time. Thus, some timers exist for each of the states. Variables are activated according to the expiry or not of the times assigned, or allowed, to each delay.

The door controller turns on the input wait variable in the door when the wait time for entry into the door has expired. This means that the authorized person has not gone through the leaves and has been out of the door for more than the authorized time. This variable is maintained until a new authorization is presented.

The gate controller turns on the gate waiting variable when the gate waiting time has expired. This means that the authorized person did not pass the leaves and remained in the ZA entrance area of the door for a period longer than the authorized time. This variable is maintained until a new authorization is presented.

The gate controller makes the end of pass variable active when the end of passage time has expired. This means that the authorized person has crossed the leaves and does not leave the door, ie remains in the exit zone ZB, for a time longer than the authorized time. This variable is maintained until a new authorization is presented.

The door controller also takes into account the state of some switches, including a push button activated in case of evacuation, limit switches for each leaf, opening and closing. Thus, the gate controller makes the evacuation variable active when the evacuation push button is activated, the controller activates the opening limit switch variable when the opening limit sensors are reached, and the end variable closing stroke when the closing limit switches are reached.

Several ways of operating the door are possible. The gate includes means for initializing these modes. These modes are: Door Controlled Mode A, Closed A, Closed B, Evacuation and Maintenance.

In the evacuation mode, the leaves are permanently open and all the pictograms are green. The passage is done freely in the corridor. There is no pass control performed. This mode of exploitation is taken into account unconditionally.

The maintenance mode allows the test of the sound signal, pictograms, leaves and cells. In this mode of operation, the passage is made freely in the corridor. The leaves are open and all the pictograms are red, except in the pictogram test mode where the pictograms change alternately from green to red, for example every second.

A mode in which the door is controlled in direction A and closed in direction B is the automatic mode generally used. In this mode, the leaves are closed, the orientation pictogram is green and has the shape of an arrow indicating the direction A. The passage through the door is only allowed in direction A, following a request for passage valid. All abnormal movements are handled in this operating mode.

In a closed mode direction A and direction B, the leaves are closed and all the pictograms are red, in the shape of a cross, and signal the prohibition to pass that one accesses in the direction A or the direction B. The passage to across the hallway is forbidden in both directions. The presence in the device, in zone A or zone B is considered as an anomaly.

There is also a normally open (NO) mode and a normally closed (NC) mode. In NO mode, the leaves are open at rest and will close in case of intrusion and fraud. In NC mode, the leaves are closed at rest and will open when authorized.

The cells are grouped together to define detection zones. The same cell can belong to several detection zones.

Input zone ZA groups cells H1 to H6 and M1 to M6. Output zone ZB groups cells H8 to H12 and M8 to M9. A ramp zone ZR contains the cell B7. An area of the ZP gate contains the H7 and M7 cells. When there is no one in these four zones, the corridor is declared empty if not busy.

A presence in front of one of the cells H1, H2, H3, H4, H5, H6, M1, M2, M3, M4, M5 or M6 indicates a presence in zone A.

A presence in front of one of the cells H8, H9, H10, H11, H12, M8 or M9 indicates a presence in zone B. A presence in front of one of the cells H7 or M7 indicates a presence in the zone of the door. A presence in front of B7 indicates a presence in the ramp zone.

A zone of the ZV leaves contains the cells H6, H7, H8, M6, M7 and M8. This zone makes it possible to determine the passage of a person in the direction A or B.

The detection of a presence simultaneously in front of a cell of the high row and the middle row of the same column indicates the presence of an adult. Thus, a presence in front of H1 and M1, H2 and M2, H3 and M3, H4 and M4, H5 and M5 or H6 and M6 indicates a presence of an adult in the entry zone ZA.

Detecting a presence in front of a cell in the middle row but not in the top row of the same column indicates the presence of a child. Thus, a presence in front of M1 and not H1, M2 and not H2, M3 and not H3, M4 and not H4, M5 and not H5 or M6 and not H6 indicates a presence of a child in the input zone ZA.

Among these detection zones, there is a safety zone ZS which prevents a person or an obstacle, for example a luggage trolley, from hindering the opening or closing of a leaf. Safety zone ZS consists of cells H6, H7, H8, M6, M7, M8 and B7. When the leaves are open, they will only close if the closing safety zone is cleared. The close command will be activated after a delay. When the leaves are closed, they will only open if the safety zone is clear. The opening command will be activated after a delay.

Subsequently, it is considered that the door operates in the mode for which the passage is controlled in the direction A and closed in the direction B.

As the system works without memorizing, the presence of more than one person in the entry zone ZA is considered as "little train" before passage. The exception to this rule is the presence of an adult followed by a cart. In this case, the system does not distinguish between an adult followed by one or more children or a trolley.

The presence in the ZB exit zone of more than one child associated with the presence of at least one adult is considered a small train after passage.

Groups of cells are defined. A group is composed of at least two consecutive occult cells, ie belonging to the same row and two neighboring columns, surrounded by at least one which is not. When a person is in the device, it obscures a number consecutive cells. A given maximum number of consecutive occult cells is considered to indicate the presence of a single person. If this maximum number is exceeded, it is considered that there are two people stuck to each other in the entrance area of the door and this is considered wide area fraud. It is examined whether the number of cells per detected group does not exceed the maximum number of allowed cells.

A general algorithm for detecting the passage used according to the different types of scenarios is as follows. A counting zone is composed of three successive columns each comprising a set of cells. We must first arrive on a first column, then the second and finally the third of these three. We must then leave the first then the second and finally the third of the three. The passage is validated when leaving the third column.

• l'occultation successive des cellules H6 et M5 (ou M6 ou M7),
• puis des cellules H7 et M6 (ou M7 ou M8),
• et enfin H8 et M7 (ou M8_ ou M9),
• et par la désoccultation successive de la cellule H6,
• puis de la cellule H7,
• et enfin H8 ,
• H7 étant toujours inoccultée.

Thus, the passage of a large person to the right of the leaves, in the direction A, is determined by:

• the successive occultation of the cells H6 and M5 (or M6 or M7),
• then cells H7 and M6 (or M7 or M8),
• and finally H8 and M7 (or M8_ or M9),
• and by the successive disoccultation of the H6 cell,
• then from cell H7,
• and finally H8,
• H7 still being unhurt.

• l'occultation successive des cellules H8 et M7 (ou M8_ ou M9),
• puis des cellules H7 et M6 (ou M7 ou M8),
• et enfin H6 et M5 (ou M6 ou M7),
• et par la désoccultation successive de la cellule H8,
• puis de la cellule H7, et enfin H6,
• H7 étant toujours inoccultée.

Thus, the passage of a large person to the right of leaves, in the direction B, is determined by:

• the successive occultation of the cells H8 and M7 (or M8_ or M9),
• then cells H7 and M6 (or M7 or M8),
• and finally H6 and M5 (or M6 or M7),
• and by the successive disoccultation of the H8 cell,
• then from cell H7, and finally H6,
• H7 still being unhurt.

• l'occultation successive de la cellule M6, H5
• tandis que H6 et H7 sont inoccultées,
• puis de la cellule M7, H6, et H7 et H8 étant inoccultées,
• et enfin M8 et H7 et H8 et H9 étant inoccultées,
• et par la désoccultation successive de la cellule M6,
• puis de la cellule M7, et enfin M8 ,
• M7 étant toujours inoccultée.

Thus, the passage of a child to the right of the leaves, in the direction A, while there is no passage of a large person in progress, is determined by:

• the successive occultation of the cell M6, H5
• while H6 and H7 are unoccu-
• then cell M7, H6, and H7 and H8 being inoculated,
• and finally M8 and H7 and H8 and H9 being unoccu-
• and by the successive disoccultation of the cell M6,
• then from cell M7, and finally M8,
• M7 still being unhurt.

Note that if the passage of a large person has already been detected, the steps described above may indicate the presence of a cart pulled by this person, or a child accompanying him.

If passage authorizations are in progress, following the reading of the access ticket, for a given direction (A or B), the number of current authorizations is decremented by one unit during each passage in this direction. Thus, the area of ZV leaves, is used to count people crossing the door. Once, a passage accounted for, for a single authorization, the leaves can be closed to prevent the person to reverse them in opposite direction, pending a subsequent authorization.

To detect the entry of a person into the entry zone ZA, if there is no movement detected in the corridor in the direction B, the detection of a presence in front of at least the median cell M1 ( and high H1 when it is a large person) of the first column when the two following M2 and M3 (and respectively H2 and H3) are unobstructed, initiates the input detection in the input area. When then the cells of the following columns M2 and M3 (and respectively H2 and H3) are successively obscured and finally those of the first two columns M1 and M2 (and respectively H1 and H2) are successively cleared and maintained unocculted, the entry of a person is confirmed.

Similarly, for the output detection of the input area ZA, if there is no input movement in progress, a presence on a middle cell M2 of the second column when that of the first column is unobstructed initiates the output detection of the input zone. As soon as there is no one in front of the first two columns the exit is confirmed.

It differentiates a person can not enter the door and a person likely to enter the door. Thus, if the door is empty, that is to say that no one is detected in the corridor, the person can advance in front of the first two columns of cells whereas if a passage is in progress, no one can enter the door, otherwise an anomaly is immediately reported, so as to react more quickly to fraud or intrusion.

When the leaves are not closed, and an input is detected in the output zone ZB, for example by the occultation of the H12 cell or the M9 cell, a "opposite direction" detection is initiated. say that it is checked that there is no movement in the direction B, whereas only the crossing of the door in the direction A is allowed. If there is indeed an entrance in the opposite direction, the leaves are closed.

When a person is detected in the zone ZA, without having previously been detected as having entered, it is considered that there has been a jump in said zone, which is considered as an intrusion, and treated as such.

Generally, an access ticket to an airplane is individual. Thus, a single authorization to cross the door is issued for each reading of a valid ticket. Such authorization is issued only if a previous passage is completed, ie the previous person has left the door.

Controls will now be described when an authorization has been issued.

When after a given time the passage has not been detected at the door leaf, or if a fraud, an intrusion has been detected or if the door is in closed mode (NC), the passage authorization is canceled. The access ticket can then be returned to the entry mouth for a ticket.

In a waiting position of the door, the leaves are closed. When the passage authorization is given, the leaves are open. The authorization disappears as soon as the ZV count zone is crossed, a closing delay time is activated. At the end of the delay, the leaves close again. An end of cycle time delay of a few seconds is activated.

The door returns to the standby position only when no presence is detected in the exit zone or when end of passage information is received.

If the passage is completed before the end of cycle time has elapsed, this anomaly is signaled. The report of this anomaly remains active until a new passage authorization is given.

When a person leaves the passage, an end of passage delay, a few tenths of seconds is engaged. It will be reset if a presence in the exit zone ZB is detected before it reaches its end. This timer exerts a filter not to take, for an intrusion opposite direction (B), the arm movements backwards, when leaving the corridor.

As soon as the passage is authorized, the leaves open. When the passage is canceled, the authorization in progress and those possibly memorized are canceled, the leaves close and the door returns to its waiting position.

The cancellation of the passage can come from one of the two delays waiting passage below or external information.

• La temporisation d'attente d'entrée est enclenchée lorsqu'une autorisation de passage est donnée et qu'une personne ne se trouve pas dans la zone d'entrée ZA. Dès que cette personne franchit les vantaux, la temporisation est arrêtée et réinitialisée lorsqu'une nouvelle autorisation de passage est donnée.
• La temporisation d'attente de passage est enclenchée lorsqu'une autorisation de passage est activée et que la personne se trouve dans la zone d'entrée. Dès que cette personne franchit les vantaux, la temporisation est arrêtée et réinitialisée lorsqu'une nouvelle autorisation de passage est donnée.

Depending on a presence in the input zone ZA, one of the following waiting delays is triggered:

• The entry wait time is triggered when a passage authorization is given and a person is not in the entry zone ZA. As soon as this person passes the leaves, the timer is stopped and reset when a new passage authorization is given.
• The pass waiting delay is triggered when a passage authorization is activated and the person is in the entry zone. As soon as this person passes the leaves, the timer is stopped and reset when a new passage authorization is given.

As soon as the passage is authorized, the leaves open. As long as they are not closed, if Reverse Direction Detection is activated, ie a movement in the opposite direction is detected, the leaves close again.

If the person who caused the Opposite Direction Detection entered the port through the exit zone ZB and remains there, a Reverse Intrusion is declared. If the person moves back and forth, this intrusion state is maintained during an intrusion hold delay. If during this delay, a new opposite Direction Detection occurs, it is treated as the opposite direction intrusion and the leaves are closed again. Otherwise, at the end of the time delay, the intrusion state disappears and the input passage continues normally.

On the other hand, if the person crosses the counting zone, the intrusion is transformed into Fraud contrary direction. When there is no one left in the door, a fraud hold timer is activated. At the end of the delay, the entry is continued normally.

As said above, the untimely movements of the arms when we leave the corridor are filtered. Otherwise, each time the arm returns to the device, it would activate a Reverse Direction Detection.

Throughout the duration of the opposite direction detection process, the pictogram at the entrance of the door has the shape of a red cross and an audible alarm is activated.

A Detection Small train after authorized passage occurs when an authorized person has crossed the leaves and that they are closed or in a closing phase and that possibly the pictogram at the entrance of the door prohibits the entry, it that is, it is red and / or represents a cross.

As long as the unauthorized person who caused the Small Train Detection after Authorized Passage is in Entry Zone ZA, an Intrusion Small train after authorized passage is declared. If the unauthorized person moves back and forth, this intrusion state is maintained during an intrusion hold delay. If during this delay, a new Detection Small train after authorized passage occurs, it is treated as Intrusion Small train after passage authorized, At the end of time delay, the state of intrusion disappears and the door resumes its waiting position.

On the other hand, if the unauthorized person crosses the counting zone, the intrusion becomes Fraud Small train. When there is no one left in the door, a fraud hold timer is activated. At the end of the delay, the intrusion state disappears and the door returns to its waiting position.

During the entire processing of Small Train Detection after authorized passage, it may be advantageous to use an audible alarm.

Detection Small train before authorized passage occurs when an authorized person has not yet passed the leaves. As long as the unauthorized person who generated the Detect Small Train before Authorized Passage is in the entry area, a Small Tail Train Intrusion is declared. If the unauthorized person steps back and leaves the device, this intrusion state disappears and processing of the authorized person's passage continues normally.

On the other hand, if an authorized person is crossing the counting zone and the unauthorized person who caused the intrusion is in the entry zone, the aircraft remains in this state of intrusion just when the passenger crosses the zone. counting area or leave the counting zone to return to the entrance. At this moment, the intrusion Small train before authorized passage is transformed into Intrusion Small train after authorized passage. This phase serves only to prevent the passage of the authorized person from being interpreted as a small train fraud after authorized passage.

For the duration of the Petit Detection treatment before the authorized passage, the pictogram at the entrance indicates that the passage is prohibited and the audible alarm is functioning.

When the door is waiting, in the controlled input mode, or in one of the closed modes, in one direction or the other, that is to say that the door is at rest, it controls the abnormal movements. Under these conditions no authorization is in short, the leaves are closed, and pictograms indicates a prohibition to pass in each direction.

We will now describe the controls performed when the door is thus at rest.

For the input zone ZA, an entry detection in the entry zone while the door is at rest is regarded as a break-in. In addition, any presence in this zone that does not follow an entry detection is considered as Rest Fraud. In this way, if a person wants to go out by jumping over the leaves, it lands in the entrance area and engenders a Rest Fraud. Indeed, it is important that a passenger already considered embarked, can not come out. Indeed, as mentioned above, to limit the risk of attacks on suicide bombings, it is important to know who is actually on the plane and that each baggage in the hold corresponds to a passenger actually boarded. When there is no one left in the door, the fraud hold timer is activated. At the end of the delay, the door returns to its state of rest.

If an unauthorized person enters the entry area, a Rest Intrusion is declared. If this person steps back and leaves the door, this intrusion state is maintained during the intrusion hold delay. If during this delay, a new entry in the entry zone ZA occurs, it is treated as a Rest Intrusion. At the end of the delay, the state of intrusion disappears and the door returns to its state of rest.

On the other hand, if this same unauthorized person crosses the counting zone, the intrusion is transformed into Rest Fraud. When there is no one left in the door, the fraud hold timer is activated. At the end of the delay, the door returns to its state of rest.

In addition, an idle intrusion in the input area is also considered as an idle intrusion.

For exit zone ZB, any presence in this zone that does not follow an entry detection is considered as Idle Fraud. In this way, if a person wants to enter by jumping over the leaves, it lands in the exit zone and engenders a Rest Fraud.

If a person enters the exit zone, a Rest Intrusion is declared. If it moves back and forth, this intrusion state is maintained during the intrusion hold delay. If during this delay, a new entry into the exit zone occurs, it is treated as a Rest Intrusion. At the end of the delay, the intrusion state disappears and the door resumes its state of rest. On the other hand, if this same person crosses the counting zone, the intrusion is transformed into Rest Fraud. When there is no one left in the door, the fraud hold timer is activated. At the end of the delay the door returns to its state of rest.

If a person is in exit zone ZB without there being an entry detection, a Rest Fraud is declared. When there is no one left in the door, the fraud hold timer is activated. At the end of the delay the door returns to its state of rest.

For the ZR ramp zone, a presence in this zone generates a Rest Fraud. When there is no one left in the door, the fraud hold timer is activated. At the end of the delay the door returns to its state of rest. If during the delay, a new presence in the ramp zone is detected, it is again processed as Fraud.

We will now describe the operation of the leaves.

When a passage management program indicates a desire to open or close the leaves, it is ensured by the safety zone ZS that nothing can hinder the movement of the leaves. Then an order is transmitted to the motors of the leaves to move the leaves.

The leaves are each equipped with an opening limit switch. They are declared open when both opening race ends are reached. Similarly, it includes two end-of-race closing. They are declared closed when the two closing limit switches are reached.

Thus, when the leaves are closed, it will open only if the opening safety zone is empty. When the zone is released, an opening safety time is activated. At the end of the delay, the opening command is sent to the motors. The leaves are designed to always open completely. When the leaves are fully open, a time delay is activated to allow a period of time between the moment when the leaves are completely open and the moment when the PLC will take into account any request for closure. This delay is set only to allow the motorization to stabilize for some time before taking into account a new request for closure. There is an opening fault delay. An opening fault is signaled when the opening fault time has elapsed and the opening limit switches have not been reached.

When a closing request occurs, if the leaves are not closed after a complete closure time has elapsed, the leaves reopen during a closing safety time and then close again. This process is applied indefinitely if the leaves never close. After five movements, a technical alarm is generated and the door switches, by default, locked in both directions. This technical fault remains signaled as long as the closing limit switches are not reached. As soon as the fault is signaled, the motorisation is kept active until the closing limit switches are reached.

As long as the leaves are not completely closed, they reopen completely as soon as a presence is detected in the safety zone ZS. A close command is then activated after a Wait time security closure.

The closing safety zone is active during an activated safety time delay, which itself is triggered during a request to close the leaves. If anything prevents the leaves from closing completely, after the Security timer has been activated, they end unconditionally. Once closed, the security zone is disabled. According to the same principle, it can be provided that when the door is at rest, if the leaves are closed and they are forced, they close automatically.

By default it is possible that the Safety timeout activated keeps the safety zone ZS permanently activated.

We will now describe the embodiment of the door shown in the figure 31 , in that it differs from that of figure 30 whose operation has just been described above.

The embodiment of the figure 31 comprises only a leaf 3, movable in a plane located between the sixth and the seventh column of cells. In addition, it comprises three additional cells M10, M11, M12 on the median row to the right of the tenth, eleventh and twelfth columns of cells, in the output zone ZB. These additional cells are useful for detecting in the exit zone ZB the presence of trolley or child and to differentiate passenger and luggage. In addition, they are particularly for handling a small train fraud after crossing the leaf (or leaves in one embodiment comprising two).

Other additional cells B5, B6 are arranged in the low row, to the right of the fifth and sixth columns, thus before the leaf in the direction A. These two cells make it possible to better detect a trolley or wheeled suitcase, and to reduce the risk that the leaf closes over, while the carriage has not fully passed. They additionally complete the ZR ramp zone.

Thus, a safety zone for a ZC carriage may include M5, M6, M7, and B7 cells, and B5 and B6 cells when present.

Of course, many adjustments can be made to the examples described.

In particular, the number of cells of each line may be greater or less, depending on the type of detection that one wishes to make. For example if we only want to control the passage and count the number of people having actually passed the leaves, the cells of the zone of the leaves ZV are sufficient.

Similarly, the spacing of the columns, the position of the rows relative to the ground and their spacing, may vary according to anthropometric data relating to a population to be controlled.

We can also provide that the door is fully symmetrical, especially if we want to use it, performing the same controls, in two opposite directions. In this case, depending on the direction of the passage, some cells may not be used for checks.

The audible alarm may be different depending on whether an intrusion or fraud is detected. The door can also be designed not to differentiate between intrusion and fraud.

A distinction can be made between a safety zone on opening and a safety zone on closing. So, in the embodiment of the figure 31 , the opening safety zone may consist of cells H6 and M6, and in the embodiment of the figure 30 further include H7 and M7 cells. The opening security zone, which is more restrictive, may include, in the embodiment of the figure 31 cells H6, H7, M6, M7, B6 and B7.

Instead of a ticket of a magnetic stripe type, the ticket may in particular be of a non-contact reading type, in particular using radio frequencies. The title may also include a barcode and the door will include a printer to print a boarding pass.

The detection can be done by means other than the occultation of photocells.

Claims (44)

1. An automatic gate (1) for permitting or preventing access by a person to a space or a transport vehicle, according to a given passage direction, in particular to a boarding lounge or an aeroplane, comprising:

   - at least one vertical and elongated frame (2),

   - one flap (3) which is mobile between a closed position in which this flap forms a barrier preventing the passage of a person along the frame and an open position in which the flap allows this passage, according to said given passage direction,

   - means for reading an access ticket, in particular a ticket or an access card, and

   - means for controlling the displacement of the flap (3) between the two abovementioned positions;

   a lateral face of the frame (2) adjacent to the passage of the person comprising at least two superposed rows of detection cells (C1 - C33) cooperating with means for preventing the opening of the flap (3) or for maintaining the flap closed when these cells detect an abnormal situation, said gate being characterized in that, for said given passage direction:

   - one of the rows, called high or upper row, extends to both sides of the flap (3) in said passage direction above a line (L) situated at the mid-height of the frame, and

   - the other row, called middle, extends to both sides of the flap (3) in said passage direction close to said line (L) situated at the mid-height of the frame;

   and in that, for said given passage direction, the cells of upper or middle rows, situated downstream of the flap, are configured to:

   - detect the passage of a person or child from downstream to upstream of the gate, and

   - control the closing of the flap in order to prevent said person or child from turning back.
2. The automatic gate according to claim 1, characterized in that it comprises moreover a third row, called low, of at least one cell situated below the line (L).
3. The automatic gate (1) according to one of the previous claims, the end upstream of the frame (2) relative to the person's direction of movement, comprising an input slot (4) for an access ticket and the end downstream of the frame (2) comprising an output slot (5) for this ticket, the frame (2) including a path (6) for displacement of the ticket between said input slot (4) and said output slot (5) for the ticket and characterized in that it comprises means for preventing the person from accessing the output slot (5) in order to remove the ticket, when the flap (3) is in the position preventing the passage of the person, the distance (d) between the flap (3) and the output (5) of the ticket is such that when the flap (3) is in the position preventing the passage of a person, the latter cannot access said ticket output (5) in order to remove the ticket.
4. The automatic gate according to one of the previous claims, characterized in that the flap (3) is integral with the frame. (2).
5. The automatic gate according to the previous claim, characterized in that the flap (3) is mounted in rotation about an approximately horizontal axis (X-X') extending in the direction of the length of the frame (2).
6. The automatic gate according to one of the previous claims, characterized in that in the position preventing the passage of the person, the flap (3) has a part projecting out of the frame (2) having the shape of a sector of a circle, the circular edge (3a) of this sector being directed upwards.
7. The automatic gate according to one of the previous claims, characterized in that the means for controlling the displacement of the flap (3) are constituted by the reading of a valid ticket, allowing the displacement of said flap.
8. The automatic gate according to one of the previous claims, characterized in that said cells comprise at least three groups of cells, each of these groups being assigned to different detection functions, a first group of cells is assigned to a detection function ensuring the person's safety, a second group of cells is assigned to a detection function in order to allow counting of the persons and a third group is assigned to a function of detection of non-authorized and/or fraudulent passages, and in that at least one cell can belong simultaneously to two groups of cells in order to perform different functions depending on the group of cells to which said cell is assigned.
9. The automatic gate according to one of the claims 2 to 8, characterized in that the cells in the upper row comprised between the frame (2) entry end (4) and the flap (3) are suitable for detecting the entry of an adult and optionally of two or more persons in close proximity, the cells in the middle row comprised between the flap (3) and the frame (2) exit end are suitable for detecting the exit of a person after the opening of the flap (3), the cells in the lower row comprised between the frame (2) entry end (4) and the flap (3) are suitable for detecting the entry of a child, the detection of an adult pulling a trolley is carried out by the combination of at least one covered cell in the upper row simultaneously with the covering of at least two covered cells in the lower row, separated by a non-covered cell, the cells situated close to the flap (3) are assigned to the safety of the person vis-à-vis the ill-timed closing of the flap.
10. The automatic gate according to one of the previous claims, characterized in that the frame (2) contains a microcomputer (8) suitable for receiving information from an external central control station (9), a reader (10) for the ticket introduced into the input slot (4) of the frame (2), cells for detection and in order to control, via an automaton (11) and a frequency variator (12), the operation of an electric motor (13) for displacing the flap (3) towards the opening or closing positions, the ticket comprising a magnetic strip (15), the frame (2) comprising means for reading this magnetic strip (15) capable of reading the latter, whatever the position in which the ticket is introduced into said input.
11. The automatic gate according to one of the previous claims, characterized in that the frame (2) also comprises close to the ticket output (5), a module (20) for cutting the ticket and detaching from the latter a coupon (21) intended to be taken by the person, and a store (50, 51) for recovering the remaining part of the ticket.
12. The automatic gate according to claim 11, characterized in that the frame (2) comprises between the displacement path (6) of the ticket and the module (20) for cutting the ticket, a module (24) for turning the latter over.
13. The automatic gate according to one of the previous claims, characterized in that the frame (2) contains a printer for printing a second ticket different from the ticket read by the reading means, this printer being controlled as a function of the data read by a reader and information received from an external control station (9).
14. The automatic gate according to one of the previous claims, characterized in that the gate comprises a second frame (2c) parallel to the first and delimiting the passage, said second frame comprises a second flap (3b) cooperating with the first flap, the opening of the first and second flaps being controlled by the reading of a valid ticket and the means associated with the opening of the passage.
15. The automatic gate according to one of the previous claims, characterized in that it comprises a sound or visual signal associated with each normal or abnormal passage situation.
16. The automatic gate according to one of the previous claims, characterized in that it has a symmetrical architecture suitable for allowing passage either in one direction, or in the opposite direction.
17. The automatic gate according to one of the previous claims, characterized in that the upper row comprises at least six cells (H1-H6) upstream of the flap.
18. The automatic gate according to one of the previous claims, characterized in that the upper row comprises at least six cells (H7-H12) downstream of the flap.
19. The automatic gate according to one of the previous claims, characterized in that the middle row comprises at least six cells (M1-M6) upstream of the flap.
20. The automatic gate according to one of the previous claims, characterized in that the middle row comprises at least three cells (M7-M9) downstream of the flap.
21. The automatic gate according to one claim 20, characterized in that the middle row comprises at least six cells (M7-M12) downstream of the flap.
22. The automatic gate according to one of the claims 19 to 21, characterized in that each cell of the middle row is arranged under a cell of the upper row.
23. The automatic gate according to one of the claims 2 to 22, characterized in that the low row comprises a cell immediately downstream of the flap.
24. The automatic gate according to one of the claims 2 to 22, characterized in that the low row comprises two cells immediately upstream of the flap.
25. The automatic gate according to one of the claims 23 or 24, characterized in that each cell of the low row is arranged under a cell of the middle row.
26. The automatic gate according to one of the previous claims, characterized in that it comprises another flap arranged downstream of the flap, so that a high cell and/or a middle cell is located between the two flaps.
27. A method of controlling access for an automatic gate according to one of the claims 2 to 26, comprising the following steps:

    - the presence of an adult is determined by the simultaneous covering of a cell of the upper row and a cell of the middle row superposed on said cell of the high row,

    - the presence of a child is determined by the covering of a cell of the middle row without a cell of the high row, superposed on said cell of the middle row being covered,

    - a fraud by crawling is determined when only one of the cells of the low row is covered,

    - a fraud and/or an intrusion is detected when a number of consecutive cells, in the same row covered simultaneously, is greater than a given maximum number,

    said method being characterized in that, for a given passage direction:

    - the passage of a person or child from downstream to upstream of the gate is detected, by the the cells of upper or middle rows, situated downstream of the flap in said passage direction, and

    - the closing of the flap is controlled in order to prevent said person or child from turning back.
28. The method according to claim 27, characterized in that the entry of a person into the gate is determined when the most upstream middle cell (M1), and most upstream high cell (H1) in the case of a tall person, is covered at the same time as the following two cells (M2, M3, H2, H3) are uncovered, and that then the cells of the two following columns (M2, M3, H2, H3) are successively covered and that finally those of the two first columns (M1, M2, H1, H2) are successively uncovered.
29. The method according to anyone of the claims 27 or 28, characterized in that the gate comprises an almost ready state, allowing the advanced reading of an access ticket.
30. The method according to claim 29, characterized in that if the gate is not ready after a given time, and an access ticket has been introduced via a ticket input slot, the ticket is returned by said ticket input slot.
31. The method according to anyone of the claims 27 to 30, characterized in that if after a given time following an authorization of clearing the gate, the flap or flaps have not been cleared, the authorization is cancelled and the flaps closed.
32. The method according to claim 31, characterized in that moreover if an access ticket has been introduced via a ticket input slot, the ticket is returned by said ticket input slot.
33. The method according to anyone of the claims 27 to 32, characterized in that when an intrusion and/or when a fraud is detected, if the flap or flaps are open, they receive a command to close and/or a message is sent to a host system.
34. The method according to claim 33, characterized in that, following the intrusion, the flap or flaps are reopened only after a given time.
35. The method according to anyone of the claims 27 to 34, characterized in that when an intrusion or a fraud is detected, it is signaled by a sound signal and/or a light signal which signals that access to the gate is forbidden.
36. The method according to anyone of the claims 27 to 35, characterized in that it comprises an evacuation mode, which can be activated locally, in which the gate is held open in order to allow free circulation.
37. The method according to anyone of the claims 27 to 36, characterized in that it comprises a normally open mode in which the flap is open and unenergized and closes in case of intrusion and/or fraud
38. The method according to anyone of the claims 27 to 29, characterized in that it comprises a normally closed mode in which the flap is closed and unenergized and opens in case of authorized passage.
39. The method according to anyone of the claims 27 to 38, characterized in that a zone of cells to both sides of the flap allows validation of their clearing by a person.
40. The method according to anyone of the claims 27 to 39, characterized in that a zone of cells for counting is composed of three successive columns of cells, each column of cells being successively covered then successively uncovered before validation of a passage.
41. The method according to anyone of the claims 27 to 40, characterized in that a delay time exists which is engaged after at least certain of the clearing stages of the gate, an anomaly being detected if a following clearing stage of the gate has not occurred during this delay time.
42. The method according to claim 41, characterized in that a delay time exists for the entry of a person into the gate after an authorization has been given to him.
43. The method according to claim 41, characterized in that a delay time exists for clearing the flap or flaps by an authorized person after he has entered into the gate entry zone.
44. The method according to claim 41, characterized in that a delay time exists for a person to leave the exit zone, after having cleared the flaps.

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