EP1579094A1 - Façade element, method for producing the façade element and façade system - Google Patents

Façade element, method for producing the façade element and façade system

Info

Publication number
EP1579094A1
EP1579094A1 EP03789036A EP03789036A EP1579094A1 EP 1579094 A1 EP1579094 A1 EP 1579094A1 EP 03789036 A EP03789036 A EP 03789036A EP 03789036 A EP03789036 A EP 03789036A EP 1579094 A1 EP1579094 A1 EP 1579094A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
facade element
facade
concrete
element according
glass fiber
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP03789036A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Reiner Grebe
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Hering Bau & Co KG GmbH
Original Assignee
Hering Bau & Co KG GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Hering Bau & Co KG GmbH filed Critical Hering Bau & Co KG GmbH
Publication of EP1579094A1 publication Critical patent/EP1579094A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B23/00—Arrangements specially adapted for the production of shaped articles with elements wholly or partly embedded in the moulding material; Production of reinforced objects
    • B28B23/0006—Arrangements specially adapted for the production of shaped articles with elements wholly or partly embedded in the moulding material; Production of reinforced objects the reinforcement consisting of aligned, non-metal reinforcing elements
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B23/00—Arrangements specially adapted for the production of shaped articles with elements wholly or partly embedded in the moulding material; Production of reinforced objects
    • B28B23/005—Arrangements specially adapted for the production of shaped articles with elements wholly or partly embedded in the moulding material; Production of reinforced objects with anchoring or fastening elements for the shaped articles
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
    • E04C2/02—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials
    • E04C2/04—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials of concrete or other stone-like material; of asbestos cement; of cement and other mineral fibres
    • E04C2/06—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials of concrete or other stone-like material; of asbestos cement; of cement and other mineral fibres reinforced
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F13/00—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings
    • E04F13/07—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor
    • E04F13/08—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor composed of a plurality of similar covering or lining elements
    • E04F13/0801—Separate fastening elements
    • E04F13/0803—Separate fastening elements with load-supporting elongated furring elements between wall and covering elements
    • E04F13/081—Separate fastening elements with load-supporting elongated furring elements between wall and covering elements with additional fastening elements between furring elements and covering elements
    • E04F13/0816—Separate fastening elements with load-supporting elongated furring elements between wall and covering elements with additional fastening elements between furring elements and covering elements the additional fastening elements extending into the back side of the covering elements
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F13/00—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings
    • E04F13/07—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor
    • E04F13/08—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor composed of a plurality of similar covering or lining elements
    • E04F13/14—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor composed of a plurality of similar covering or lining elements stone or stone-like materials, e.g. ceramics concrete; of glass or with an outer layer of stone or stone-like materials or glass
    • E04F13/141—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor composed of a plurality of similar covering or lining elements stone or stone-like materials, e.g. ceramics concrete; of glass or with an outer layer of stone or stone-like materials or glass with an outer layer of concrete

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a facade element, a method for producing this facade element and a facade system in which this facade element is used.
  • cascade means the front side of a building and those components which are involved in the creation of the optical one conveyed by the front side. Impression are involved.
  • the facades of buildings are formed on the one hand by the load-bearing construction of the building itself. Examples include buildings with exposed masonry or those with concrete walls. On the other hand, the load-bearing walls of buildings are clad by curtain walls.
  • Facade elements provided for this purpose are known in diverse designs and designs.
  • the plate-shaped concrete elements regularly have holding elements which are adapted to the supporting structure in such a way that they ensure a secure hold of the element on the supporting structure.
  • These holding elements are connected to the plate-shaped concrete element, which for this purpose is provided with bores into which dowels or mandrels adapted to the holding element are inserted.
  • the concrete elements In order to ensure a firm fit of the holding elements in the plate-shaped concrete element, the concrete elements must have a certain minimum thickness.
  • the minimum panel thickness is therefore limited to a value of 4 cm. Since the weight of a single facade element should not exceed a critical value in order not to limit its manageability beyond the dimensions, the maximum area dimension of the concrete element is limited. The consequence of this is an increased effort in the production of the facade as well as an often uneasy-looking visual impression due to a large number of joints extending over the front side.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a facade element that is easier to handle and its manufacturing costs are reduced. This object " is achieved by the facade element reproduced in claim 1
  • the facade element according to the invention which consists essentially of concrete, is characterized by a reinforcement insert made of a glass fiber fabric or a glass fiber fabric.
  • This reinforcement insert increases the stability of the facade element while reducing its thickness.
  • the facade element comprises at least one holding element which is concreted into the facade element during its manufacture.
  • a facade element according to the invention can have a thickness of 20 mm or less without the stability of the facade element itself and the holding elements attached to it falling below a critical value.
  • the reinforcement insert is preferably arranged approximately at half the plate thickness. It is - particularly preferably - made of an alkali-resistant material so that there is no harmful reaction with the concrete.
  • the concrete can be colored to achieve a desired visual impression. This has the advantage that minor damage - such as for example, smaller flaking off the surface - does not significantly disturb the visual impression conveyed by the facade element.
  • the facade element according to the invention which faces the viewer in the assembled state, can be smooth, fine-washed, acidified, blasted or ground, for example. It goes without saying that different areas of an individual facade element can also be treated differently.
  • the concrete at least one.
  • Retaining element preferably protrudes from the rear facing away from the viewer in the assembled state. If, as is particularly preferred, it has a projection which extends in a plane approximately parallel to the rear, the facade element can be fastened by hanging it in a suitable supporting structure, which in turn is fastened to the wall of the building.
  • An embodiment of the facade element according to the invention is particularly preferred in which the at least one holding element comprises a threaded sleeve embedded in concrete, into which a cap screw is screwed.
  • the projection which extends in a plane approximately parallel to the rear, is then formed by the screw head.
  • the thickness of the facade element is preferably ⁇ 40 mm.
  • the facade element is also particularly easy to handle if its area dimension is ⁇ 0.8 m 2 .
  • the facade element gives an optically good impression when a surface dimension is 1.20 mx 0.60 m. It is also advantageous in the case of a facade element according to the invention that, owing to the design of the holding elements and its low weight, it can optionally be replaced individually in a facade having a plurality of facade elements. For this purpose, the facade elements located above only have to be raised slightly until the supporting structure releases the projections of the holding elements of the facade element to be replaced.
  • the invention also relates to a method suitable for producing the facade element. It includes the following steps:
  • the invention also relates to a facade system with a support system which can be attached to a building wall and which has a regular arrangement of keyhole-shaped openings on the side facing away from the building wall and at least one facade element according to the invention.
  • the support system preferably comprises a plurality of vertical profiles in which the keyhole-shaped openings are provided. These profiles are - particularly preferably - fastened to the building wall with approximately horizontally arranged fastening struts. This measure ensures that there is a distance between the building wall and the rear of the facade elements, which allows the intermediate storage of heat insulation material, for example. This measure can also - if necessary or desired - ensure adequate ventilation of the facade.
  • the fastening struts are preferably adjustable in length in order to be able to compensate for manufacturing tolerances of the building wall.
  • each facade element there is preferably at least one between each facade element and the support system provided elastic element.
  • This can be made of rubber or an elastomer, for example.
  • Fig. 1 - schematically and in sections - an embodiment of a facade element according to the invention, in which different holding elements are drawn in the left and right half, in a perspective view;
  • FIG. 2 shows a section through the facade element according to section line II - II in FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 3 shows a first embodiment of a holding element in an individual representation in a view corresponding to FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 4 a second exemplary embodiment of a holding element in a view corresponding to FIG. 3;
  • the facade element 1 has a rectangular shape. It is made of lightly compacting concrete in accordance with DIN 1045 and the guidelines of the German Committee for Reinforced Concrete using the casting process in a horizontal formwork. As is to be symbolized on the basis of FIG. 2, the facade element comprises a reinforcement 2, which is arranged approximately in the middle between the front side 3 facing the viewer in the assembled state and the rear side facing the building wall.
  • a first embodiment of the holding element 5 which is shown enlarged in FIG. 3, it comprises a threaded sleeve 7 with a radially projecting anchoring plate.
  • the length of the threaded sleeve 7 is dimensioned such that it is flush with the back 4 of the facade element 1 in the laminated state.
  • the anchoring plate 8 provides a firm fit of the threaded sleeve after the concrete has hardened, even against tensile stress.
  • a cap screw 9 is screwed into the threaded sleeve 7.
  • the underside of the head 10 forms a projection 11 which extends in a plane parallel to the rear side 4 of the facade element 1.
  • the holding element 6 shown in the right half in FIG. 1, which is shown in detail in FIG. 4, is made in one piece from flat material made of metal. This flat material is angled such that two mutually facing tabs 12, 13, two parallel legs 14, 15 running parallel to one another, two projections 16, 17 running parallel to the tabs 12, 13 and guide surfaces impinging at an angle of 45 ° therefrom 18, 19 are present.
  • the holding element 6 is laminated with its tabs 12, 13 so deep into the facade element 1 that a distance remains between the projections 16, 17 and the rear side 4 of the facade element, which is adapted to the support system to be described. 5 u. 6, the structure of the facade system according to the invention will now be explained.
  • a support system 20 which consists of vertical profiles 21 which are fastened to the building wall 24 and to one another by means of horizontally arranged fastening struts 22, 23.
  • the fastening struts 22, 23 are designed to be length-adjustable so as to enable the mounting of the profiles 21 in an adjusted manner. This is particularly important since the position of the profiles 21 is predetermined by the lateral spacing of the holding elements 5, 6 on the back of the facade elements 1.
  • keyhole-shaped openings are incorporated in the sides 25 of the profiles 21 facing the facade elements 1, in a regular arrangement, not shown in the drawing, which allows the individual facade element 1 to be mounted closely adjacent to one another.
  • the facade element is mounted in that it is in a somewhat elevated position relative to the end position, in which in the case of the holding element according to. Fig. 3, the head 10, according to the holding element. Fig. 4, the guide surfaces 18, 19, are inserted into the upper region 26 of the keyhole-shaped opening 27.
  • the facade element is lowered so that by engagement of the holding elements 5, 6 in the narrow region 28 of the opening 27 can no longer be moved horizontally and thus the facade element 1 is fixed to the support system 20.
  • heat-insulating material 29 can be introduced between the building wall 24 and the rear side 4 of the facade elements 1.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Finishing Walls (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a plate-shaped façade element, which has a thickness ≤ 20 mm (1) and which is, in essence, made of concrete, comprises a reinforcing insert consisting of a glass fiber woven fabric or of a glass fiber bonded fabric and comprises at least one concrete-imbedded retaining element (5, 6) for the concealed attachment of the façade element (1). The invention also relates to a method for producing the façade element (1) and to a façade system comprising a façade element (1).

Description

Fassadenelement Verfahren zur Herstellung des Fassadenelements sowie Fassadensvstem Facade element Process for the production of the facade element and facade system
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Fassadenelement, ein Verfahren zur Herstellung dieses Fassadenelements sowie ein Fassadensystem, bei dem dieses Fassadenelement Verwendung findet.The invention relates to a facade element, a method for producing this facade element and a facade system in which this facade element is used.
Mit "Fassade" sei im folgenden die Schauseite eines Gebäudes sowie diejenigen Bauteile gemeint, die an der Erzeugung des von der Schauseite vermittelten optischen. Eindrucks beteiligt sind.In the following, "facade" means the front side of a building and those components which are involved in the creation of the optical one conveyed by the front side. Impression are involved.
Die Fassaden von Gebäuden werden zum einen durch die tragende Konstruktion des Gebäudes selbst gebildet. Beispielhaft seien hier Gebäude mit Sichtmauerwerk oder solche mit Betonwänden genannt. Zum anderen werden die tragenden Wände von Gebäuden durch vorgehängte Fassaden verkleidet.The facades of buildings are formed on the one hand by the load-bearing construction of the building itself. Examples include buildings with exposed masonry or those with concrete walls. On the other hand, the load-bearing walls of buildings are clad by curtain walls.
Insbesondere dann, wenn die Schauseite der Gebäude aufgrund ihrer Konstruktion oder durch Alterserscheinungen unansehnlich ist bzw. geworden ist, besteht das Bestreben, den durch diese Gebäude vermittelten optischen Eindruck durch Montage einer vor die Außenwandungen des Gebäudes vorgesetzten Fassade zu verbessern.In particular, if the front side of the building is or has become unsightly due to its construction or due to signs of aging, there is a desire to improve the visual impression conveyed by these buildings by installing a facade placed in front of the outer walls of the building.
Hierfür vorgesehene Fassadenelemente sind in vielfältiger Bauart und Gestaltung bekannt. Beispielhaft wird an dieser Stelle auf geeignet vorbehandelte Nut- und Federprofile aus Holz oder Kunststoff hingewiesen, die meist auf eine außen auf die Gebäudewandung aufgeschraubte Lattenkonstruktion genagelt oder geschraubt werden.Facade elements provided for this purpose are known in diverse designs and designs. As an example, reference is made here to suitably pretreated tongue and groove profiles made of wood or plastic, which are usually nailed or screwed onto a slatted structure screwed onto the outside of the building wall.
Ferner ist es bekannt, vorgefertigte, plattenförmige Betonelemente oder Natursteinelemente direkt an der Gehäusewandung oder an einer vertikale oder horizontale Profile umfassenden Tragkonstruktion anzubringen. Hierzu weisen die plattenförmigen Betonelemente regelmäßig Halteelemente auf, die an die Tragkonstruktion derart angepaßt sind, daß sie einen sicheren Halt des Elements an der Tragkonstruktion sicherstellen.It is also known that prefabricated, plate-shaped concrete elements or natural stone elements directly on the housing wall or on a to support vertical or horizontal profiles. For this purpose, the plate-shaped concrete elements regularly have holding elements which are adapted to the supporting structure in such a way that they ensure a secure hold of the element on the supporting structure.
Diese Halteelemente werden mit dem plattenförmigen Betonelement verbunden, welches hierzu mit Bohrungen versehen ist, in welche an das Halteelement angepaßte Dübel oder Dorne eingesetzt sind.These holding elements are connected to the plate-shaped concrete element, which for this purpose is provided with bores into which dowels or mandrels adapted to the holding element are inserted.
Um einen festen Sitz der Halteelemente in dem plattenförmigen Betonelement zu gewährleisten, müssen die Betonelemente eine gewisse Mindestdicke haben. Die minimale Plattendicke ist somit auf einen Wert von 4 cm beschränkt. Da das Gewicht eines einzelnen Fassadenelements einen kritischen Wert nicht überschreiten sollte, um dessen Handhabbarkeit nicht über die Maßen einzuschränken, ist das maximale Flächenmaß des Betonelements beschränkt. Die Folge hiervon ist ein erhöhter Aufwand bei der Herstellung der Fassade sowie ein oft unruhig wirkender optischer Eindruck durch eine Vielzahl von sich über die Schauseite erstreckenden Fugen.In order to ensure a firm fit of the holding elements in the plate-shaped concrete element, the concrete elements must have a certain minimum thickness. The minimum panel thickness is therefore limited to a value of 4 cm. Since the weight of a single facade element should not exceed a critical value in order not to limit its manageability beyond the dimensions, the maximum area dimension of the concrete element is limited. The consequence of this is an increased effort in the production of the facade as well as an often uneasy-looking visual impression due to a large number of joints extending over the front side.
Ferner ist es nachteilig, daß aufgrund des Erfordernisses des Bohrens, des anschließenden Einsetzens von Dübeln in die Bohrung und schließlich dem Einschrauben der Befestigungselemente der mit der Herstellung eines montagefertigen Betonelements verbundene Aufwand hoch ist.Furthermore, it is disadvantageous that due to the requirement of drilling, the subsequent insertion of dowels into the bore and finally the screwing in of the fastening elements, the effort associated with the production of a ready-to-install concrete element is high.
Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein Fassadenelement zu schaffen, welches besser handhabbar und dessen Herstellungsaufwand reduziert ist. Diese Aufgabe "wird durch das in Anspruch 1 wiedergegebene Fassadenelement gelöstThe invention has for its object to provide a facade element that is easier to handle and its manufacturing costs are reduced. This object " is achieved by the facade element reproduced in claim 1
Das erfindungsgemäße Fassadenelement, das im wesentlichen aus Beton besteht, zeichnet sich durch eine Bewehrungseinlage aus einem Glasfasergewebe oder einem Glasfasergelege aus. Durch diese Bewehrungseinlage kann die Stabilität des Fassadenelements bei gleichzeitiger Reduzierung seiner Dicke erhöht werden. Um dennoch Halteelemente zur Befestigung des Fassadenelements vorsehen zu können, die von der dem Betrachter zugewandten Vorderseite des Fassadenelements nicht sichtbar sind, um faßt das Fassadenelement mindestens ein Halteelement, das in das Fassadenelement bei dessen Herstellung mit einbetoniert ist.The facade element according to the invention, which consists essentially of concrete, is characterized by a reinforcement insert made of a glass fiber fabric or a glass fiber fabric. This reinforcement insert increases the stability of the facade element while reducing its thickness. In order nevertheless to be able to provide holding elements for fastening the facade element which are not visible from the front of the facade element facing the viewer, the facade element comprises at least one holding element which is concreted into the facade element during its manufacture.
Es hat sich gezeigt, daß ein erfindungsgemäßes Fassadenelement eine Dicke von 20 mm oder weniger aufweisen kann, ohne daß die Stabilität des Fassadenelements selbst und der hieran befestigten Halteelemente einen kritischen Wert unterschreiten.It has been shown that a facade element according to the invention can have a thickness of 20 mm or less without the stability of the facade element itself and the holding elements attached to it falling below a critical value.
Die Bewehrungseinlage ist vorzugsweise etwa auf der halben Plattenstärke angeordnet. Sie besteht - besonders bevorzugt - aus einem alkaliresistenten Material, damit keine schädigende Reaktion mit dem Beton entsteht.The reinforcement insert is preferably arranged approximately at half the plate thickness. It is - particularly preferably - made of an alkali-resistant material so that there is no harmful reaction with the concrete.
Hinsichtlich des Gewichtes und der Möglichkeit der optischen Gestaltung ist es von Vorteil, wenn für die. Herstellung des erfindungsgemäßen Fassadenelements ein leicht zu verdichtender Beton Verwendung findet.With regard to the weight and the possibility of optical design, it is advantageous if for the. Production of the facade element according to the invention an easy-to-compact concrete is used.
Der Beton kann zur Erzielung eines gewünschten optischen Eindrucks eingefärbt sein. Dies hat den Vorteil, daß geringe Beschädigungen - wie beispielsweise kleinere Abplatzungen von der Oberfläche - den von dem Fassadenelement vermittelten optischen Eindruck nicht wesentlich stören.The concrete can be colored to achieve a desired visual impression. This has the advantage that minor damage - such as for example, smaller flaking off the surface - does not significantly disturb the visual impression conveyed by the facade element.
Zur Beeinflussung der Fassadenoptik kann das erfindungsgemäße Fassadenelement auf seiner Vorderseite, die im montierten Zustand dem Betrachter zugewandt ist, beispielsweise schalungsglatt, feingewaschen, abgesäuert, gestrahlt oder geschliffen sein. Es versteht sich, daß auch unterschiedliche Bereiche eines einzelnen Fassadenelements unterschiedlich behandelt sein können.In order to influence the facade optics, the facade element according to the invention, which faces the viewer in the assembled state, can be smooth, fine-washed, acidified, blasted or ground, for example. It goes without saying that different areas of an individual facade element can also be treated differently.
Das einbetonierte, mindestens eine . Halteelement ragt vorzugsweise aus der im montierten Zustand dem Betrachter abgewandten Rückseite heraus. Weist es - wie besonders bevorzugt - einen sich in einer zur Rückseite etwa parallelen Ebene erstreckenden Vorsprung auf, so kann die Befestigung des Fassadenelements durch Einhängen in eine geeignete Tragkonstruktion, die ihrerseits an der Gebäudewandung befestigt ist, erfolgen.The concrete, at least one. Retaining element preferably protrudes from the rear facing away from the viewer in the assembled state. If, as is particularly preferred, it has a projection which extends in a plane approximately parallel to the rear, the facade element can be fastened by hanging it in a suitable supporting structure, which in turn is fastened to the wall of the building.
Besonders bevorzugt ist eine Ausführungsform des erfindungsgemäßen Fassadenelements, bei der das mindestens eine Halteelement eine einbetonierte Gewindehülse umfaßt, in die eine Kopfschraube eingedreht ist. Der sich in einer zur Rückseite etwa parallelen Ebene erstreckende .Vorsprung wird dann von dem Schraubenkopf gebildet.An embodiment of the facade element according to the invention is particularly preferred in which the at least one holding element comprises a threaded sleeve embedded in concrete, into which a cap screw is screwed. The projection, which extends in a plane approximately parallel to the rear, is then formed by the screw head.
Die Dicke des Fassadenelements beträgt vorzugsweise <40 mm. Besonders bevorzugt ist eine Ausführungsform des erfindungsgemäßen Fassadenelements, dessen Dicke ≤ 20 mm beträgt. Eine besonders gute Handhabbarkeit weist das Fassadenelement zudem dann auf, wenn sein Flächenmaß <0,8 m2 beträgt. Einen optisch guten Eindruck vermittelt das Fassadenelement dann, wenn ein Flächenmaß die Dimension 1 ,20 m x 0,60 m aufweist. Vorteilhaft ist bei einem erfindungsgemäßen Fassadenelements ferner, daß es auf Grund der Ausbildung der Halteelemente und seines geringen Gewichts wahlweise einzeln in einer mehrere Fassadenelemente aufweisenden Fassade ausgetauscht werden kann. Hierzu müssen lediglich die darüber befindlichen Fassadenelemente etwas angehoben werden, bis die Tragkonstruktion die Vorsprünge der Halteelemente des auszutauschenden Fassadenelementes freigegeben werden.The thickness of the facade element is preferably <40 mm. An embodiment of the facade element according to the invention, the thickness of which is ≤ 20 mm, is particularly preferred. The facade element is also particularly easy to handle if its area dimension is <0.8 m 2 . The facade element gives an optically good impression when a surface dimension is 1.20 mx 0.60 m. It is also advantageous in the case of a facade element according to the invention that, owing to the design of the holding elements and its low weight, it can optionally be replaced individually in a facade having a plurality of facade elements. For this purpose, the facade elements located above only have to be raised slightly until the supporting structure releases the projections of the holding elements of the facade element to be replaced.
Die Erfindung betrifft auch ein zur Herstellung des Fassadenelements geeignetes Verfahren. Es umfaßt die folgenden Schritte:The invention also relates to a method suitable for producing the facade element. It includes the following steps:
Einsetzen und justieren des mindestens einen Halteelements mittels mechanisch mit der Schalung verbundener Vorrichtungen;Inserting and adjusting the at least one holding element by means of devices mechanically connected to the formwork;
Einfüllen von leicht verdichtbarem Beton in eine horizontal angeordnete Schalung bis zum Erreichen etwa der halben Plattenstärke;Filling of easily compactable concrete in a horizontally arranged formwork until about half the board thickness is reached;
Einlegen des Glasfasergewebes oder des Glasfasergeleges;Inserting the glass fiber fabric or the glass fiber fabric;
Auffüllen von leicht verdichtbarem Beton bis zum Erreichen der Endplattenstärke;Filling easily compactable concrete until the end plate thickness is reached;
Entnahme des ausgehärteten Fassadenelements aus der Schalung sowieRemoval of the hardened facade element from the formwork as well
ggf. Durchführen einer Oberflächenbehandlung; Aushärten in einer Klimakammer.possibly carrying out a surface treatment; Cure in a climatic chamber.
Ferner bezieht sich die Erfindung auch auf ein Fassadensystem mit einem an einer Gebäudewandung anbringbaren Tragsystem, das eine regelmäßige Anordnung von schlüssellochförmigen Öffnungen auf der der Gebäudewandung abgewandten Seite sowie mindestens ein erfindungsgemäßes Fassadenelement aufweist.Furthermore, the invention also relates to a facade system with a support system which can be attached to a building wall and which has a regular arrangement of keyhole-shaped openings on the side facing away from the building wall and at least one facade element according to the invention.
Das Tragsystem umfaßt vorzugsweise eine Mehrzahl vertikaler Profile, in denen die schlüssellochförmigen Öffnungen vorgesehen sind. Diese Profile sind - besonders bevorzugt - mit etwa horizontal angeordneten Befestigungsstreben an der Gebäudewandung befestigt. Durch diese Maßnahme wird bewirkt, daß zwischen der Gebäudewandung und der Rückseite der Fassadenelemente ein Abstand besteht, der die Zwischenlagerung beispielsweise von Wärmedämmaterial erlaubt. Auch kann durch diese Maßnahme - falls benötigt oder gewünscht - eine ausreichende Hinterlüftung der Fassade sichergestellt werden.The support system preferably comprises a plurality of vertical profiles in which the keyhole-shaped openings are provided. These profiles are - particularly preferably - fastened to the building wall with approximately horizontally arranged fastening struts. This measure ensures that there is a distance between the building wall and the rear of the facade elements, which allows the intermediate storage of heat insulation material, for example. This measure can also - if necessary or desired - ensure adequate ventilation of the facade.
Die Befestigungsstreben sind vorzugsweise längenverstellbar, um somit Fertigungstoleranzen der Gebäudewandung ausgleichen zu können.The fastening struts are preferably adjustable in length in order to be able to compensate for manufacturing tolerances of the building wall.
Um zu vermeiden, daß es beispielsweise aufgrund von Temperaturschwankungen zu mechanischen Spannungen in dem Fassadenelement kommen kann bei gleichzeitiger Gewährleistung eines festen Sitzes des Fassadenelements, so daß dieses auch bei starkem Wind nicht an dem Tragsystem klappert, ist vorzugsweise zwischen jedem Fassadenelement und dem Tragsystem mindestens ein elastisches Element vorgesehen. Dieses kann beispielsweise aus Gummi oder einem Elastomer bestehen. In der Zeichnung ist ein Ausführungsbeispiel eines erfindungsgemäßen Fassadenelements sowie eines erfindungsgemäßen Fassadensystems dargestellt. Es zeigen:In order to avoid mechanical stresses in the facade element due to temperature fluctuations, for example, while at the same time ensuring a firm fit of the facade element so that it does not clatter against the support system even in strong winds, there is preferably at least one between each facade element and the support system provided elastic element. This can be made of rubber or an elastomer, for example. In the drawing, an embodiment of a facade element according to the invention and a facade system according to the invention is shown. Show it:
Fig. 1 : - schematisch und ausschnittsweise - ein Ausführungsbeispiel eines erfindungsgemäßen Fassadenelements, bei dem in der linken und rechten Hälfte jeweils unterschiedliche Halteelemente eingezeichnet sind, in einer perspektivischen Ansicht;Fig. 1: - schematically and in sections - an embodiment of a facade element according to the invention, in which different holding elements are drawn in the left and right half, in a perspective view;
Fig. 2: einen Schnitt durch das Fassadenelement gemäß Schnittlinie II - II in Fig. 1;2 shows a section through the facade element according to section line II - II in FIG. 1;
Fig. 3: eine erste Ausführungsform eines Halteelements in einer Einzeldarstellung in einer Fig. 1 entsprechenden Ansicht;3 shows a first embodiment of a holding element in an individual representation in a view corresponding to FIG. 1;
Fig. 4: ein zweites Ausführungsbeispiel eines Halteelements in einer Fig. 3 entsprechenden Ansicht;FIG. 4: a second exemplary embodiment of a holding element in a view corresponding to FIG. 3;
Fig. 5: - schematisch - ein erfindungsgemäßen Fassadensystem in einer perspektivischen Ansicht sowie5: - schematically - a facade system according to the invention in a perspective view and
Fig. 6: einen Ausschnitt des den Fassadenelementen zugewandten Seite eines Tragsystems.6: a section of the side of a support system facing the facade elements.
Das Fassadenelement 1 weist eine rechteckige Form auf. Es ist aus leicht verdichtendem Beton gemäß DIN 1045 und der Richtlinie des Deutschen Ausschusses für Stahlbetonbau im Gußverfahren in einer horizontalen Schalung hergestellt. Wie anhand von Fig. 2 symbolisiert werden soll, umfaßt das Fassadenelement eine Bewehrung 2, die etwa mittig zwischen der im montierten Zustand dem Betrachter zugewandten Frontseite 3 und der der Gebäudewandung zugewandten Rückseiten angeordnet ist.The facade element 1 has a rectangular shape. It is made of lightly compacting concrete in accordance with DIN 1045 and the guidelines of the German Committee for Reinforced Concrete using the casting process in a horizontal formwork. As is to be symbolized on the basis of FIG. 2, the facade element comprises a reinforcement 2, which is arranged approximately in the middle between the front side 3 facing the viewer in the assembled state and the rear side facing the building wall.
Aus der Rückseite 4 ragen vier Halteelemente 5, 6 heraus, deren Abstand zueinander an eine noch zu beschreibende Tragkonstruktion angepaßt ist. In der in Fig. 1 links dargestellten Hälfte des Fassadenelements 1 ist eine erste Ausführungsform des Halteelements 5 eingezeichnet, die in Fig. 3 vergrößert dargestellt ist, Sie umfaßt eine Gewindehülse 7, mit einem radial überstehenden Verankerungsteller. Die Länge der Gewindehülse 7 ist derart bemessen, daß sie im einlaminierten Zustand mit der Rückseite 4 des Fassadenelements 1 bündig abschließt. Durch den Verankerungsteller 8 wird ein fester Sitz der Gewindehülse nach Λ jshärten des Betons auch gegen Zugbeanspruchung erzielt. In die Gewindehülse 7 ist eine Kopfschraube 9 eingedreht. Die Unterseite des Kopfes 10 bildet einen Vorsprung 11, der sich in einer zur Rückseite 4 des Fassadenelements 1 parallelen Ebene erstreckt.Four holding elements 5, 6 protrude from the rear side 4, the spacing of which is adapted to a supporting structure to be described. In the half of the facade element 1 shown on the left in FIG. 1, a first embodiment of the holding element 5 is shown, which is shown enlarged in FIG. 3, it comprises a threaded sleeve 7 with a radially projecting anchoring plate. The length of the threaded sleeve 7 is dimensioned such that it is flush with the back 4 of the facade element 1 in the laminated state. The anchoring plate 8 provides a firm fit of the threaded sleeve after the concrete has hardened, even against tensile stress. A cap screw 9 is screwed into the threaded sleeve 7. The underside of the head 10 forms a projection 11 which extends in a plane parallel to the rear side 4 of the facade element 1.
Das in Fig. 1 in der rechten Hälfte dargestellte Halteelement 6, das in Fig. 4 im einzelnen gezeigt ist, ist einstückig aus Flachmaterial aus Metall hergestellt. Dieses Flachmaterial ist derart abgewinkelt, daß zwei voneinander fortweisende Laschen 12, 13, zwei parallel zueinander dicht benachbart verlaufende Schenkel 14, 15, zwei parallel zu den Laschen 12, 13 verlaufende Vorsprünge 16, 17 sowie von diesem in einem Winkel von 45° auftreffende Führungsflächen 18, 19 vorhanden sind. Das Halteelement 6 ist mit seinen Laschen 12, 13 so tief in das Fassadenelement 1 einlaminiert, daß zwischen den Vorsprüngen 16, 17 und der Rückseite 4 des Fassadenelemeηts ein Abstand verbleibt, der an das noch zu beschreibende Tragsystem angepaßt ist. Anhand von Fig. 5 u. 6 soll nun der Aufbau des erfindungsgemäßen Fassadensystems erläutert werden. Es umfaßt ein Tragsystem 20, das aus vertikalen Profilen 21 besteht, die mittels horizontal angeordneter Befestigungsstreben 22, 23 an der Gebäudewandung 24 und untereinander befestigt sind. Die Befestigungsstreben 22, 23 sind längenverstellbar ausgeführt, um so die Montage der Profile 21 in einer justierten Weise zu ermöglichen. Dieses ist insbesondere von Bedeutung, da die Lage der Profile 21 durch den seitlichen Abstand der Halteelemente 5, 6 auf der Rückseite der Fassadenelemente 1 vorgegeben ist.The holding element 6 shown in the right half in FIG. 1, which is shown in detail in FIG. 4, is made in one piece from flat material made of metal. This flat material is angled such that two mutually facing tabs 12, 13, two parallel legs 14, 15 running parallel to one another, two projections 16, 17 running parallel to the tabs 12, 13 and guide surfaces impinging at an angle of 45 ° therefrom 18, 19 are present. The holding element 6 is laminated with its tabs 12, 13 so deep into the facade element 1 that a distance remains between the projections 16, 17 and the rear side 4 of the facade element, which is adapted to the support system to be described. 5 u. 6, the structure of the facade system according to the invention will now be explained. It comprises a support system 20 which consists of vertical profiles 21 which are fastened to the building wall 24 and to one another by means of horizontally arranged fastening struts 22, 23. The fastening struts 22, 23 are designed to be length-adjustable so as to enable the mounting of the profiles 21 in an adjusted manner. This is particularly important since the position of the profiles 21 is predetermined by the lateral spacing of the holding elements 5, 6 on the back of the facade elements 1.
Wie durch Fig. 6 symbolisiert werden soll, sind in den den Fassadenelementen 1 zugewandten Seiten 25 der Profile 21 schlüssellochförmige Öffnungen eingearbeitet, und zwar in einer regelmäßigen, in der Zeichnung nicht dargestellten Anordnung, die eine dicht angrenzende Montage der einzelnen Fassadenelement 1 untereinander erlaubt. Wie bereits durch die Zeichnung sinnfällig wird, erfolgt eine Montage des Fassadenelements dadurch, daß es in einer gegenüber der Endposition etwas erhöhten Stellung, in der im Falle des Halteelements gem. Fig. 3 der Kopf 10, im Falle des Halteelements gem. Fig. 4 die Führungsflächen 18, 19, in den oberen Bereich 26 der schlüssellochförmigen Öffnung 27 eingeführt werden. Sobald die Vorsprünge 11 bzw. 16 u. 17 die durch das Profil 21 gebildeten Gegenflächen hintergreifen, wird das Fassadenelement abgesenkt, so daß durch Eingriff der Halteelemente 5, 6 in den schmalen Bereich 28 der Öffnung 27 nicht mehr horizontal verlagert werden können und somit das Fassadenelement 1 an dem Tragsystem 20 fixiert ist.As symbolized by FIG. 6, keyhole-shaped openings are incorporated in the sides 25 of the profiles 21 facing the facade elements 1, in a regular arrangement, not shown in the drawing, which allows the individual facade element 1 to be mounted closely adjacent to one another. As is already apparent from the drawing, the facade element is mounted in that it is in a somewhat elevated position relative to the end position, in which in the case of the holding element according to. Fig. 3, the head 10, according to the holding element. Fig. 4, the guide surfaces 18, 19, are inserted into the upper region 26 of the keyhole-shaped opening 27. As soon as the projections 11 and 16 u. 17 reach behind the counter surfaces formed by the profile 21, the facade element is lowered so that by engagement of the holding elements 5, 6 in the narrow region 28 of the opening 27 can no longer be moved horizontally and thus the facade element 1 is fixed to the support system 20.
Wie des weiteren aus Fig. 5 entnehmbar ist, kann zwischen der Gebäudewandung 24 und der Rückseite 4 der Fassadenelemente 1 wärmedämmendes Material 29 eingebracht werden. BEZUGSZEICHEN-LISTEAs can further be seen from FIG. 5, heat-insulating material 29 can be introduced between the building wall 24 and the rear side 4 of the facade elements 1. REFERENCE SIGNS LIST
1. Fassadenelement1. Facade element
2. Bewehrung2. Reinforcement
3. Frontseite3. Front
4. Rückseite4. Back side
5. Halteelement5. Holding element
6. Halteelement6. Holding element
7. Gewindehülse7. Threaded sleeve
8. Verankerungsteller8. Anchoring plate
9. Kopfschraube9. Head screw
10. Kopf10. Head
11. Vorsprung11th lead
12. Lasche12. Tab
13. Lasche13. Tab
14. Schenkel14.thigh
15. Schenkel15.thigh
16. Vorsprung16. Head start
17. Vorsprung17th lead
18. Führungsfläche18. Guide surface
19. Führungsfläche19. Leadership area
20. Tragsystem20. Support system
21. Profil21. Profile
22. Befestigungsschraube22. Fixing screw
23. Befestigungsschraube23. Fixing screw
24. Gebäudewandung24. Building wall
25. Seite25th page
26. Bereich26. Area
27. Öffnung27. Opening
28. Bereich 28th area

Claims

Patentansprüche claims
1. Plattenförmiges Fassadenelement (1), das im wesentlichen aus Beton besteht, mit einer Bewehrungseinlage (2) aus einem Glasfasergewebe oder aus einem Glasfasergelege und mit mindestens einem einlaminierten Halteelement (5, 6) zur Befestigung des Fassadenelement (2).1. Plate-shaped facade element (1), which consists essentially of concrete, with a reinforcement insert (2) made of a glass fiber fabric or a glass fiber fabric and with at least one laminated holding element (5, 6) for fastening the facade element (2).
2. Fassadenelement nach Anspruch 1 , dad urch gekennzeichnet, daß die Bewehrungseinlage (2) etwas auf halber Plattenstärke angeordnet ist.2. Facade element according to claim 1, characterized by the fact that the reinforcement insert (2) is arranged somewhat on half the plate thickness.
3. Fassadenelement nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dad urc ^gekennzeichnet, daß die Bewehrungseinlage (2) alkaliresistent ist.3. Facade element according to claim 1 or 2, dad urc ^ characterized in that the reinforcement insert (2) is alkali resistant.
4. Fassaαeneiement nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t, daß der Beton leicht verdichtender Beton ist.4. Fassaαeneiement according to one of claims 1 to 3, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t that the concrete is easily compacting concrete.
5. Fassadenelement nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Beton eingefärbt ist.5. Facade element according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the concrete is colored.
6. Fassadenelement nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, d a d u rc h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t, daß die Oberfläche der Norderseite (3), die im montierten Zustand des Fassadenelements6. facade element according to one of claims 1 to 5, d a d u rc h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t that the surface of the north side (3), which in the assembled state of the facade element
(1) dem Betrachter zugewandt ist, schalungsglatt, feingewaschen, abgesäuert, gestrahlt und/oder geschliffen ist. (1) faces the viewer, is smooth as shuttering, finely washed, acidified, blasted and / or sanded.
7. Fassadenelement nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, d ad u rch ge ke n nze ich n et, daß das mindestens eine Haltelement (5, 6) aus der im montierten Zustand des Fassadenelements (1) dem Betrachter abgewandten Rückseite (4) herausragt.7. facade element according to one of claims 1 to 6, ad u rch ge ke n nze I n et that the at least one holding element (5, 6) from the in the assembled state of the facade element (1) facing away from the viewer (4) protrudes.
8. Fassadenelement nach Anspruch 1 bis 7, d ad u rch g e ke n nze i ch n et, daß das mindestens eine Halteelement (5, 6) einen sich in einer zur Rückseite (4) etwa parallelen Ebene erstreckenden Vorsprung (11; 16, 17) aufweist.8. facade element according to claim 1 to 7, d ad u rch ge ke n nze i ch n et that the at least one holding element (5, 6) in a to the rear (4) approximately parallel plane extending projection (11; 16th , 17).
9. Fassadenelement nach Anspruch 8, d ad u rch g e ke n n ze ich n et, daß das mindestens eine Haltelement eine einlaminierte Gewindehülse (7) und eine hierein eingeschraubte Kopfschraube (9) umfaßt.9. facade element according to claim 8, d ad u rch g e ke n n I n et that the at least one holding element comprises a laminated threaded sleeve (7) and a head screw screwed therein (9).
10. Fassadenelement nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 9, d a d u rc h g e ke n n ze i c h n et, daß die Dicke der Platte <20 mm beträgt.10. facade element according to one of claims 1 to 9, d a d u rc h g e ke n n ze i c h n et that the thickness of the plate is <20 mm.
11. Verfahren zur Herstellung eines plattenförmigen Fassadenelements (1) nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 10, mit folgenden Schritten:11. A method for producing a plate-shaped facade element (1) according to one of claims 1 to 10, comprising the following steps:
Einsetzen des mindestens einen Halteelements (6, 7) mittels einer in der Schalform mechanisch verbundener Vorrichtung;Inserting the at least one holding element (6, 7) by means of a device mechanically connected in the form of the scarf;
Einfüllen von fließfähigem Beton in eine horizontal angeordnete Schalung bis zum Erreichen etwa der halben Plattenstärke;Pouring flowable concrete into a horizontally arranged formwork until about half the board thickness is reached;
Einlegen des Glasfasergewebes oder des Glasfasergeleges; Auffüllen von fließfähigem Beton bis zum Erreichen der Endplattenstärke;Inserting the glass fiber fabric or the glass fiber fabric; Filling of flowable concrete until the end plate thickness is reached;
Entnahme des ausgehärteten Fassadenelements aus der Schalung sowieRemoval of the hardened facade element from the formwork as well
ggf. Durchführen einer Oberflächenbehandlung Aushärten in einer Klimakammerif necessary, carry out a surface treatment curing in a climatic chamber
12. Fassadensystem mit einem an einer Gebäudewand (24) anbringbaren Tragsystem (20), das eine regelmäßiges Anordnung von schlüssellochförmigen Öffnungen (27) auf der der Gebäudewandung (24) abgewandten Seite aufweist und mit mindestens einem Fassadenelement (1) nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 10.12. Facade system with a support system (20) which can be attached to a building wall (24) and has a regular arrangement of keyhole-shaped openings (27) on the side facing away from the building wall (24) and with at least one facade element (1) according to one of Claims 1 until 10.
13. Fassadensystem nach Anspruch 12, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Tragsystem (20) eine Mehrzahl vertikaler Profile (21) umfaßt, in denen die schlüssellochförmigen Öffnungen (27) vorgesehen sind. 13. Facade system according to claim 12, characterized in that the support system (20) comprises a plurality of vertical profiles (21) in which the keyhole-shaped openings (27) are provided.
EP03789036A 2002-12-23 2003-11-13 Façade element, method for producing the façade element and façade system Withdrawn EP1579094A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

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DE10260684 2002-12-23
DE2002160684 DE10260684A1 (en) 2002-12-23 2002-12-23 Facade element, process for producing the facade element and facade system
PCT/EP2003/012678 WO2004059103A1 (en) 2002-12-23 2003-11-13 Façade element, method for producing the façade element and façade system

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