EP1574661B1 - Method of joining a rung to a stile of a ladder - Google Patents

Method of joining a rung to a stile of a ladder Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1574661B1
EP1574661B1 EP05004290A EP05004290A EP1574661B1 EP 1574661 B1 EP1574661 B1 EP 1574661B1 EP 05004290 A EP05004290 A EP 05004290A EP 05004290 A EP05004290 A EP 05004290A EP 1574661 B1 EP1574661 B1 EP 1574661B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
rung
ladder
spar
wall
contour
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Not-in-force
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EP05004290A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1574661A1 (en
Inventor
Peter Stahl
Armin Burgstaller
Rudolf Pfeifer
Ulrich Weigel
Gerhard Müller
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Hailo Werk Rudolf Loh GmbH and Co KG
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Hailo Werk Rudolf Loh GmbH and Co KG
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Publication of EP1574661A1 publication Critical patent/EP1574661A1/en
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Publication of EP1574661B1 publication Critical patent/EP1574661B1/en
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
    • E06C—LADDERS
    • E06C7/00—Component parts, supporting parts, or accessories
    • E06C7/08—Special construction of longitudinal members, or rungs or other treads
    • E06C7/082—Connections between rungs or treads and longitudinal members
    • E06C7/085—Connections between rungs or treads and longitudinal members achieved by deforming the rung or the stile

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a ladder, for the connection between a spar and a rung, the rung is passed through at least one wall of the spar and a frictional connection between the rung and at least one wall of the spar is achieved in that the rung in the region of the wall of the spar is widened by means of a contour punch, which drives into the rung.
  • the joining of the rungs with the bars of a ladder is done in today's common method according to the prior art usually characterized in that one passes the end of the ladder rung through a corresponding opening in the spar and then crimped the sprout end.
  • the beading can be done by a bead.
  • the material of the ladder rung is usually doubled over, in particular once outward and then turned inwards again.
  • Another known connection method is the so-called tumbling.
  • a disadvantage of the common known methods that one additionally requires material for the flanging, or bead formation of the ladder rung. This leads to increased manufacturing costs in the material sector and it has to be considered that costly production facilities are also required for this connection method and a higher production process time per attachment is required.
  • the DE 73 08 820 U1 describes a method for connecting a rung to a spar of a ladder, in which the spar has different openings in its two walls. This is on the one hand a rectangular opening in the wall, which faces the rung, wherein the rung itself also has a rectangular cross-section and about fitting in the rectangular opening in the wall of the spar can be inserted. At the opposite Side of the spar has a wall with a round opening which is smaller than the cross section of the rung, so that the rung can not be passed through this second opening, but ends in the interior of the spar in front of this second wall. Subsequently, a tool for plastic deformation of the ladder rung is introduced from the outside through the round opening in the second wall of the spar.
  • this tool a kind of contour punch
  • a projection is made on the inside of the outer wall of the ladder stile, that is, the outer wall of the spar is quasi inwardly crimped. This projection then engages in the interior of the end of the ladder rung.
  • the area of the ladder rung lying in the interior of the ladder stile is widened.
  • the tool has a substantially cylindrical shape, so that it can be performed through the round opening in the outer wall of the spar, while the rung before the expansion has a rectangular cross-section, so that virtually by the tool during the expansion of a deformation of Rung must be done.
  • this is hardly feasible in practice. There is a risk in this process that it comes to damage, ie cracking or weakening of the profile of the rung, which can have very unfavorable effects on the load capacity of the rung and the connection between rung and spar.
  • the DE 36 02 331 A1 describes a ladder having at least one ladder part of two spars and rungs fixedly arranged thereon, which have holding pins inserted in holes of the spars.
  • the rung has a rounded triangular profile and in the side walls of the spars are elliptical or oval slots.
  • For the production of the rung is assumed by an aluminum tube with elliptical Cross-sectional profile, which is held positively in the two bars. After insertion into the spars of this initial profile of the rung is deformed so that a central portion of the rung, which forms a step surface for the person using the ladder, which has approximately triangular rounded profile.
  • the rung then still has transition sections and end-side retaining pins which penetrate the spar, wherein the individual sections of the rung are integrally formed.
  • the retaining pins of the rung engage positively in the slots of the spars, wherein the retaining pins are held on the inside of the spar by bead-shaped annular beads and on the outside of the wall portion of a spar, the sprouting end is crimped to a flange adjacent there. So here is a very strong deformation of the rung after the connection with the spar in a complex process with a larger number of individual steps necessary. For deformation of the rung no contour stamp is used. This known method for deformation of the rung and connection of the rung to the spar is technically very complex and not reliable.
  • the EP 0 931 904 A2 describes a method for connecting a rung to a spar of a ladder, in which the rung is passed only through the inner wall of the spar and ends in front of the outer wall of the spar.
  • the spar has in the outer wall initially only a relatively small opening and a tool which tapers to the front to a tip or a mandrel, is then driven from the outside at the level of the small opening in the rung, so that the outer wall of the spar is flanged and applies to the inner wall of the rung.
  • the rung is widened slightly in its end area.
  • a disadvantage is that the risk of cracking in the material, in particular the outer wall of the spar is large.
  • connection between rung and spar is not sufficient, in particular with regard to tensile forces acting on the wall when weight load of the rung.
  • the tool moves only so far into the rung that an expansion of the rung occurs in the area near the outer wall of the spar. Where the rung is passed through the inner wall of the spar, however, occurs virtually no or little widening of the rung, so that there is no sufficient holding force for connecting the rung and inner wall of the spar is achieved.
  • the publication US 2,958,127 describes a method for assembling two tubular parts.
  • a first part is passed through both walls of the second part.
  • a frictional connection between the first part and at least one wall of the second part is achieved in that the first part is widened in the region of the walls of the second part by means of a contour punch.
  • the contour stamp moves into the first part.
  • the contour stamp has an outline shape corresponding to the inner cross section of the first part.
  • the first part is after the expansion end opposite to the outer wall of the second part.
  • Object of the present invention is to provide a ladder which is made available by means of a simple inexpensive method for connecting a rung with a spar of a ladder, in which a secure non-positive connection between the spar and rung is achieved, the rung provides a sufficient tread and has sufficient bending stiffness.
  • the solution to this problem provides a conductor according to the invention with a non-positive and positive connection between the rung and two walls of the spar which is achieved in that the contour of the punch had a contour corresponding to the inner cross section of the rung, that the rung is passed through both walls of the spar and that the rung protrudes at the end opposite to the outer wall of the spar.
  • the rung has a tapering from top to bottom Cross-sectional profile. Since you need the minimum width in the tread area according to the prescribed standard, you can then save material by the rung tapers below the tread. The bending moment required for the load is advantageously achieved by the larger rung height.
  • the rung in the conductor according to the invention on the upper side in the region of its tread a maximum width. Particularly preferred is a cross-sectional profile of the rung, which tapers starting from the top-side tread on both sides approximately parabolic downwards
  • the rung is flared by means of the contour punch over the greater part of its circumference, more preferably all around.
  • the contour punch had a corresponding to the inner cross section of the rung, or largely corresponding outline shape. The expansion of the rung can be made in only one operation.
  • FIG. 1 The illustration shows schematically simplified a conductor according to the invention, which is designated overall by 9.
  • the invention is applicable to rung ladders of any kind.
  • the illustrated ladder therefore represents only one of many possible ladder variants.
  • Each ladder part in such a ladder 9 typically comprises two parallel spars 10 and between them transversely extending rungs 11, wherein the sprouts 11 each spaced parallel to each other.
  • the two spars 10 are each at the top and at the bottom of the ladder part something. It may as well be a ladder 9 with only a simple ladder section.
  • the connection method will be described below with reference to FIGS FIGS. 2 to 5 explained in more detail.
  • Fig. 2 shows an enlarged detail of the connection area between a rung 11 and a spar 10 of a conductor according to the invention. It is only a partial section perspective view in exploded view, in addition, the contour of the punch 12 is shown, which extends into the expansion into the ladder rung 11, as will be explained in more detail below.
  • the spar 10 has, for example, a rectangular cross-section and an opening 13 in the wall of the spar 10 is present, which corresponds approximately to the cross section of the rung 11 in the end region.
  • This cross section of the rung is taken in once again Fig. 4 shown.
  • the rung 11 has an upper-side horizontal tread surface 14, the trough having its maximum width in the region of this tread surface 14.
  • the cross-sectional profile of the rung 11 is such that, starting from the upper tread surface 14, it increasingly tapers on both sides. This results in a conical shape and if you look at the lower rounded portion 15 of the rung 11 with, you can speak of two approximately parabolic Soschenkein 16 of the rung.
  • Fig. 5 showing a longitudinal section through the ladder in the connecting region between rung 11 and spar 10.
  • the rung 11 in each case by an opening in the left in the drawing wall of the spar and through an opening 13 (see also Fig. 2 ) is passed through a right in the drawing and in the mounted state outer wall 10a of the spar.
  • the rung 11 thus passes through the rectangular cross-section hollow Holm.
  • the respective ones Openings 13 in the wall 10 a outside and in the wall 10 b inside correspond approximately to the contour of the rung 11, wherein, as you can see Fig. 5 can recognize, the rung 11 only slightly protrudes towards the outer wall 10a of the spar end.
  • contour punch 12 which has a shape in its front end portion 12a, which corresponds approximately to the inner contour of the rung 11, into the rung 11 hinein manufacture, as well as in Fig. 3 is shown, then the rung undergoes an expansion.
  • This expansion of the rung is due to the slightly tapered from the front end punch shape of the contour stamp, which is in Fig. 5 can recognize well.
  • this contour stamp 12 moves through the opening 13 in the outer wall 10a of the spar and also through the corresponding opening in the inner wall 10b of the spar through into the ladder rung 11 into the end position, the in Fig. 3 is shown.
  • the bead-like, thickening part of the conical front end 12a of the contour punch passes those regions in which the rung 11 passes through the openings in the respective wall of the spar.
  • the in its widest part the inner cross section of the rung 11 exceeding contour stamp comes on the inside over the major part of the circumference of the inner wall of the hollow rung 11 to the plant and pushes it outwards.
  • This expansion of the rung 11 can in principle be done in one operation, in which the contour punch 12 from the in Fig. 5 shown position moves to its final position in Fig. 3 is shown. Due to this expansion of the rung 11, preferably over the entire inner circumference, the wall of the rung is pressed outward, thus producing a positive and non-positive connection with the respective wall 10b, 10a of the spar.

Abstract

The method involves leading a rung (11) through openings of walls of rails (10) such that the rung protrudes out of the walls. A force-fit connection is achieved between the rung and one of the walls of the rail so that the rung is widened in area of the wall of the rail using a contour seal. The contour seal has a shape which corresponds to an inner cross section of the rung. An independent claim is also included for a ladder comprising a rail.

Description

Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft eine Leiter, bei zur Verbindung zwischen einem Holm und einer Sprosse die Sprosse durch mindestens eine Wandung des Holms hindurchgeführt ist und eine kraftschlüssige Verbindung zwischen der Sprosse und mindestens einer Wandung des Holms dadurch erzielt ist, dass die Sprosse im Bereich der Wandung des Holms aufgeweitet ist mittels eines Konturstempels, der in die Sprosse hineinfährt.The present invention relates to a ladder, for the connection between a spar and a rung, the rung is passed through at least one wall of the spar and a frictional connection between the rung and at least one wall of the spar is achieved in that the rung in the region of the wall of the spar is widened by means of a contour punch, which drives into the rung.

Das Verbinden der Sprossen mit den Holmen einer Leiter geschieht bei den heute gängigen Verfahren nach dem Stand der Technik in der Regel dadurch, dass man das Ende der Leitersprosse durch eine entsprechende Öffnung im Holm hindurchführt und dann das Sprossenende umbördelt. Dabei gibt es verschiedene Methoden, zum Beispiel kann das Bördeln durch eine Wulstbildung erfolgen. Dabei wird das Material der Leitersprosse in der Regel doppelt umgelegt, insbesondere einmal nach außen und dann wiederum nach innen umgelegt. Eine andere bekannte Verbindungsmethode ist das sogenannte Taumeln. Nachteilig ist an den gängigen bekannten Verfahren, dass man für die Umbördelung, beziehungsweise Wulstbildung der Leitersprosse zusätzlich Material benötigt. Dies führt zu erhöhten Herstellkosten im Materialbereich und es ist zu bedenken, dass für diese Verbindungsverfahren auch aufwendige Fertigungseinrichtungen erforderlich sind und pro Befestigung auch eine höhere Fertigungsprozesszeit erforderlich ist.The joining of the rungs with the bars of a ladder is done in today's common method according to the prior art usually characterized in that one passes the end of the ladder rung through a corresponding opening in the spar and then crimped the sprout end. There are various methods, for example, the beading can be done by a bead. The material of the ladder rung is usually doubled over, in particular once outward and then turned inwards again. Another known connection method is the so-called tumbling. A disadvantage of the common known methods that one additionally requires material for the flanging, or bead formation of the ladder rung. This leads to increased manufacturing costs in the material sector and it has to be considered that costly production facilities are also required for this connection method and a higher production process time per attachment is required.

Die DE 73 08 820 U1 beschreibt ein Verfahren zum Verbinden einer Sprosse mit einem Holm einer Leiter, bei dem der Holm in seinen beiden Wandungen unterschiedliche Öffnungen aufweist. Dies ist zum einen eine rechteckige Öffnung in der Wandung, die der Sprosse zugewandt ist, wobei die Sprosse selbst ebenfalls einen rechteckigen Querschnitt aufweist und etwa passend in die rechteckige Öffnung in der Wandung des Holms einsteckbar ist. An der gegenüberliegenden Seite weist der Holm eine Wandung mit einer runden Öffnung auf, die kleiner ist als der Querschnitt der Sprosse, so dass die Sprosse durch diese zweite Öffnung nicht hindurchgeführt werden kann, sondern im Inneren des Holms vor dieser zweiten Wandung endet. Anschließend wird von außen durch die runde Öffnung in der zweiten Wandung des Holms ein Werkzeug zur plastischen Verformung der Leitersprosse eingeführt. Durch die Einführung dieses Werkzeugs (eine Art Konturstempel) unter entsprechendem Druck wird an der Innenseite der Außenwandung des Leiterholms ein Vorsprung hergestellt, das heißt, die Außenwandung des Holms wird quasi nach innen umgebördelt. Dieser Vorsprung greift dann in das Innere des Endes der Leitersprosse ein. Außerdem wird mittels des Werkzeugs der im Inneren des Leiterholms liegende Bereich der Leitersprosse aufgeweitet. Das Werkzeug hat allerdings eine im Wesentlichen zylindrische Form, so dass es durch die runde Öffnung in der äußeren Wandung des Holms durchgeführt werden kann, während die Sprosse vor der Aufweitung einen rechteckigen Querschnitt aufweist, so dass quasi durch das Werkzeug bei der Aufweitung eine Umformung der Sprosse erfolgen muss. Dies ist jedoch in der Praxis kaum realisierbar. Es besteht bei diesem Verfahren die Gefahr, dass es zu Beschädigungen, das heißt Rißbildung oder Schwächung des Profils der Sprosse kommt, was sehr ungünstige Auswirkungen auf die Belastbarkeit der Sprosse und der Verbindung zwischen Sprosse und Holm haben kann.The DE 73 08 820 U1 describes a method for connecting a rung to a spar of a ladder, in which the spar has different openings in its two walls. This is on the one hand a rectangular opening in the wall, which faces the rung, wherein the rung itself also has a rectangular cross-section and about fitting in the rectangular opening in the wall of the spar can be inserted. At the opposite Side of the spar has a wall with a round opening which is smaller than the cross section of the rung, so that the rung can not be passed through this second opening, but ends in the interior of the spar in front of this second wall. Subsequently, a tool for plastic deformation of the ladder rung is introduced from the outside through the round opening in the second wall of the spar. By introducing this tool (a kind of contour punch) under appropriate pressure, a projection is made on the inside of the outer wall of the ladder stile, that is, the outer wall of the spar is quasi inwardly crimped. This projection then engages in the interior of the end of the ladder rung. In addition, by means of the tool, the area of the ladder rung lying in the interior of the ladder stile is widened. However, the tool has a substantially cylindrical shape, so that it can be performed through the round opening in the outer wall of the spar, while the rung before the expansion has a rectangular cross-section, so that virtually by the tool during the expansion of a deformation of Rung must be done. However, this is hardly feasible in practice. There is a risk in this process that it comes to damage, ie cracking or weakening of the profile of the rung, which can have very unfavorable effects on the load capacity of the rung and the connection between rung and spar.

Die DE 36 02 331 A1 beschreibt eine Leiter, die mindestens ein Leiterteil aus zwei Holmen und an diesem fest angeordnete Sprossen aufweist, die in Löcher der Holme eingesetzte Haltezapfen aufweisen. Bei dieser Leiter weist die Sprosse ein abgerundetes Dreikantprofil auf und in den Seitenwänden der Holme befinden sich ellipsenförmige oder ovale Langlöcher. Zur Herstellung der Sprosse wird ausgegangen von einem Aluminiumrohr mit elliptischem Querschnittsprofil, welches formschlüssig in den beiden Holmen gehalten ist. Nach dem Einsetzen in die Holme wird dieses Ausgangsprofil der Sprosse verformt, so dass ein mittlerer Abschnitt der Sprosse, der eine Auftrittfläche für die die Leiter benutzende Person bildet, das etwa dreieckförmige abgerundete Profil aufweist. Die Sprosse hat dann weiterhin Übergangsabschnitte und endseitige Haltezapfen, die jeweils den Holm durchdringen, wobei die einzelnen Abschnitte der Sprosse einstückig ausgebildet sind. Die Haltezapfen der Sprosse greifen formschlüssig in die Langlöcher der Holme ein, wobei die Haltezapfen innenseitig des Holms durch wulstförmige ringförmige Sicken gehalten werden und an der Außenseite des Wandabschnitts eines Holms das Sprossenende zu einem dort anliegenden Flansch umgebördelt wird. Hier ist also eine sehr starke Verformung der Sprosse nach der Verbindung mit dem Holm in einem komplexen Vorgang mit einer größeren Anzahl von Einzelschritten notwendig. Zur Verformung der Sprosse wird kein Konturstempel benutzt. Dieses bekannte Verfahren zur Verformung der Sprosse und Verbindung der Sprosse mit dem Holm ist technisch sehr aufwändig und nicht prozesssicher.The DE 36 02 331 A1 describes a ladder having at least one ladder part of two spars and rungs fixedly arranged thereon, which have holding pins inserted in holes of the spars. In this ladder, the rung has a rounded triangular profile and in the side walls of the spars are elliptical or oval slots. For the production of the rung is assumed by an aluminum tube with elliptical Cross-sectional profile, which is held positively in the two bars. After insertion into the spars of this initial profile of the rung is deformed so that a central portion of the rung, which forms a step surface for the person using the ladder, which has approximately triangular rounded profile. The rung then still has transition sections and end-side retaining pins which penetrate the spar, wherein the individual sections of the rung are integrally formed. The retaining pins of the rung engage positively in the slots of the spars, wherein the retaining pins are held on the inside of the spar by bead-shaped annular beads and on the outside of the wall portion of a spar, the sprouting end is crimped to a flange adjacent there. So here is a very strong deformation of the rung after the connection with the spar in a complex process with a larger number of individual steps necessary. For deformation of the rung no contour stamp is used. This known method for deformation of the rung and connection of the rung to the spar is technically very complex and not reliable.

Die EP 0 931 904 A2 beschreibt ein Verfahren zum Verbinden einer Sprosse mit einem Holm einer Leiter, bei dem die Sprosse nur durch die innere Wandung des Holms hindurchgeführt wird und vor der äußeren Wandung des Holms endet. Der Holm hat in der äußeren Wandung zunächst nur eine vergleichsweise kleine Öffnung und ein Werkzeug, welches sich vorderseitig zu einer Spitze oder einem Dorn verjüngt, wird dann von der Außenseite her in Höhe der kleinen Öffnung in die Sprosse hineingefahren, so dass die Außenwandung des Holms umgebördelt wird und sich an die Innenwandung der Sprosse anlegt. Dabei wird außerdem die Sprosse in ihrem endseitigen Bereich etwas aufgeweitet. Bei diesem bekannten Verfahren besteht ein Nachteil darin, dass die Gefahr der Rißbildung in dem Material, insbesondere der Außenwandung des Holms groß ist. Außerdem ist die Verbindung zwischen Sprosse und Holm nicht ausreichend, insbesondere im Hinblick auf Zugkräfte, die bei Gewichtsbelastung der Sprosse auf deren Wandung einwirken. Das Werkzeug fährt nur soweit in die Sprosse hinein, dass eine Aufweitung der Sprosse in dem Bereich nahe der äußeren Wandung des Holms auftritt. Dort wo die Sprosse durch die Innenwandung des Holms hindurchgeführt ist, tritt jedoch praktisch keine oder kaum eine Aufweitung der Sprosse auf, so dass dort keine ausreichende Haltekraft zur Verbindung von Sprosse und Innenwandung des Holms erzielt wird.The EP 0 931 904 A2 describes a method for connecting a rung to a spar of a ladder, in which the rung is passed only through the inner wall of the spar and ends in front of the outer wall of the spar. The spar has in the outer wall initially only a relatively small opening and a tool which tapers to the front to a tip or a mandrel, is then driven from the outside at the level of the small opening in the rung, so that the outer wall of the spar is flanged and applies to the inner wall of the rung. In addition, the rung is widened slightly in its end area. In this known method, a disadvantage is that the risk of cracking in the material, in particular the outer wall of the spar is large. In addition, the connection between rung and spar is not sufficient, in particular with regard to tensile forces acting on the wall when weight load of the rung. The tool moves only so far into the rung that an expansion of the rung occurs in the area near the outer wall of the spar. Where the rung is passed through the inner wall of the spar, however, occurs virtually no or little widening of the rung, so that there is no sufficient holding force for connecting the rung and inner wall of the spar is achieved.

Die Druckschrift US 2,958,127 beschreibt ein Verfahren zum Zusammenfügen von zwei rohrförmigen Teilen. Dabei wird ein erstes Teil durch beide Wandungen des zweiten Teils hindurchgeführt. Dann wird eine kraftschlüssige Verbindung zwischen dem ersten Teil und mindestens einer Wandung des zweiten Teils dadurch erzielt, dass das erste Teil im Bereich der Wandungen des zweiten Teils mittels eines Konturstempels aufgeweitet wird. Der Konturstempel fährt dazu in das erste Teil hinein. Der Konturstempel weist einen dem Innenquerschnitt des ersten Teils entsprechende Umrissform auf. Das erste Teil steht nach dem Aufweiten endseitig gegenüber der äußeren Wandung des zweiten Teils vor.The publication US 2,958,127 describes a method for assembling two tubular parts. In this case, a first part is passed through both walls of the second part. Then, a frictional connection between the first part and at least one wall of the second part is achieved in that the first part is widened in the region of the walls of the second part by means of a contour punch. The contour stamp moves into the first part. The contour stamp has an outline shape corresponding to the inner cross section of the first part. The first part is after the expansion end opposite to the outer wall of the second part.

Überträgt man die technische Lehre aus der Druckschrift US 2,958,127 auf eine Leiter könnte die bisher übliche Bördelverbindung entfallen. Dadurch könnte man am Sprossenende Material einsparen und die Sprosse kürzer ausbilden. Dies führt bereits zu einem wesentlichen Kostenvorteil. Ein anderer Kostenvorteil ergibt sich dadurch, dass man die Verbindung zwischen Sprosse und Holm in nur einem Arbeitsgang herstellen kann. Die Erfindung sieht dabei vor, dass man die Sprosse mittels eines Konturstempels aufweitet, der in die Sprosse hineinfährt. In nur einem Arbeitsschritt kann eine solche Verbindung hergestellt werden. Die Verbindung ist so, dass ein wieder Lösen zum Beispiel durch Herausziehen des Sprossenendes aus dem Holm bei Belastung ausgeschlossen ist. Durch das Aufweiten mittels eines Konturstempels wird die Sprosse im Bereich der Öffnung des Holms fest mit dem Material des Holms verbunden, nach Art einer Pressverbindung. Diese durch Aufweiten der Sprosse erzielte Pressverbindung zwischen Sprosse und Holm ist sehr stabil.If one transmits the technical teaching from the publication US 2,958,127 On a ladder the usual flare connection could be omitted. This could save material at the end of the sprout and make the sprouts shorter. This already leads to a significant cost advantage. Another cost advantage results from the fact that you can make the connection between rung and spar in a single operation. The invention provides that one widens the rung by means of a contour punch, the in the shoot goes inside. In just one step, such a connection can be made. The connection is such that a re-release is excluded, for example, by pulling the sprout end of the spar under load. By the expansion by means of a contour punch, the rung is firmly connected in the region of the opening of the spar with the material of the spar, in the manner of a press connection. This achieved by widening the rung press connection between rung and spar is very stable.

Das in der Druckschrift US 2,958,127 beschriebene Verfahren ist für die Verbindung rohrförmiger Teile geeignet. Für Leitern haben sich insbesondere rohrförmige Sprossen als nachteilig erwiesen, da sie in vielen Situationen nicht rutschfest und trittsicher sind. Andererseits sind runde Querschnittsformen für Sprossen aus statischen Gründen von Vorteil.That in the publication US 2,958,127 described method is suitable for the connection of tubular parts. For ladders in particular tubular sprouts have proved to be disadvantageous because they are not slip resistant and sure-footed in many situations. On the other hand, round cross-sectional shapes for rungs are advantageous for static reasons.

Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung ist es, eine Leiter vorzuschlagen die mittels eines einfachen kostengünstigen Verfahrens zum Verbinden einer Sprosse mit einem Holm einer Leiter zur Verfügung hergestellt ist, bei der eine sichere kraftschlüssige Verbindung zwischen Holm und Sprosse erreicht wird, die Sprosse eine ausreichende Auftrittsfläche bietet und eine ausreichende Biegesteifigkeit aufweist.Object of the present invention is to provide a ladder which is made available by means of a simple inexpensive method for connecting a rung with a spar of a ladder, in which a secure non-positive connection between the spar and rung is achieved, the rung provides a sufficient tread and has sufficient bending stiffness.

Die Lösung dieser Aufgabe liefert eine erfindungsgemäße Leiter mit einer kraftschlüssige und formschlüssige Verbindung zwischen der Sprosse und beiden Wandungen des Holms die dadurch erzielt ist, dass der Konturstempel eine dem Innenquerschnitt der Sprosse entsprechende Umrissform aufwies, dass die Sprosse durch beide Wandungen des Holms hindurchgeführt ist und dass die Sprosse endseitig gegenüber der äußeren Wandung des Holms vorsteht. Die Sprosse hat ein sich von oben nach unten verjüngendes Querschnittsprofil. Da man die Mindestbreite im Bereich der Trittfläche nach der vorgeschriebenen Norm benötigt, kann man dann Material einsparen, indem sich die Sprosse unterhalb der Trittfläche verjüngt. Das für die Belastung erforderliche Biegemoment erreicht man vorteilhaft durch die größere Sprossenhöhe. Die Sprosse bei der erfindungsgemäßen Leiter oberseitig im Bereich ihrer Trittfläche eine maximale Breite. Besonders bevorzugt ist ein Querschnittsprofil der Sprosse, welches sich ausgehend von der oberseitigen Trittfläche beidseitig etwa parabelförmig nach unten hin verjüngtThe solution to this problem provides a conductor according to the invention with a non-positive and positive connection between the rung and two walls of the spar which is achieved in that the contour of the punch had a contour corresponding to the inner cross section of the rung, that the rung is passed through both walls of the spar and that the rung protrudes at the end opposite to the outer wall of the spar. The rung has a tapering from top to bottom Cross-sectional profile. Since you need the minimum width in the tread area according to the prescribed standard, you can then save material by the rung tapers below the tread. The bending moment required for the load is advantageously achieved by the larger rung height. The rung in the conductor according to the invention on the upper side in the region of its tread a maximum width. Particularly preferred is a cross-sectional profile of the rung, which tapers starting from the top-side tread on both sides approximately parabolic downwards

Vorzugsweise ist die Sprosse mittels des Konturstempels über den überwiegenden Teil ihres Umfangs, weiter vorzugsweise ringsum aufgeweitet. Der Konturstempel wies eine dem Innenquerschnitt der Sprosse entsprechende, beziehungsweise weitgehend entsprechende Umrissform auf. Die Aufweitung der Sprosse kann in nur einem Arbeitsgang vorgenommen werden.Preferably, the rung is flared by means of the contour punch over the greater part of its circumference, more preferably all around. The contour punch had a corresponding to the inner cross section of the rung, or largely corresponding outline shape. The expansion of the rung can be made in only one operation.

Zur Erzielung eines höheren Biegemoments ist weiterhin vorteilhaft, wenn die Höhe der Sprosse größer ist als deren maximale Breite.To achieve a higher bending moment is also advantageous if the height of the rung is greater than the maximum width.

Die in den Unteransprüchen genannten Merkmale betreffen bevorzugte Weiterbildungen der erfindungsgemäßen Aufgabenlösung. Weitere Vorteile der Erfindung ergeben sich aus der nachfolgenden Detailbeschreibung.The features mentioned in the dependent claims relate to preferred developments of the task solution according to the invention. Further advantages of the invention will become apparent from the following detailed description.

Nachfolgend wird die Erfindung anhand von Ausführungsbeispielen unter Bezugnahme auf die beiliegenden Zeichnungen näher beschrieben. Dabei zeigen

Fig. 1
eine Ansicht einer erfindungsgemäßen Leiter;
Fig. 2
eine Detallansicht einer erfindungsgemäßen Leiter im Verbindungsbereich zwischen Holm und Sprosse in perspektivischer Explosionsansicht;
Fig. 3
einen Längsschnitt während des Aufweitungsschritts, wobei der Konturstempel in die Leitersprosse hineinfährt.
Fig. 4
einen Querschnitt durch eine erfindungsgemäße Leitersprosse;
Fig. 5
einen Längsschnitt durch die Leiter im Verbindungsbereich zwischen Sprosse und Holm;
The invention will be described in more detail by means of embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings. Show
Fig. 1
a view of a conductor according to the invention;
Fig. 2
a detailed view of a conductor according to the invention in the connection region between the spar and rung in a perspective exploded view;
Fig. 3
a longitudinal section during the expansion step, wherein the contour stamp moves into the ladder rung.
Fig. 4
a cross section through a ladder rung according to the invention;
Fig. 5
a longitudinal section through the ladder in the connecting region between rung and spar;

Zunächst wird auf Fig. 1 Bezug genommen. Die Darstellung zeigt schematisch vereinfacht eine erfindungsgemäße Leiter, die insgesamt mit 9 bezeichnet ist. Auf die jeweilige Leiterntype kommt es im Prinzip im Rahmen der vorliegenden Erfindung nicht an. Die Erfindung ist anwendbar bei Sprossenleitern jeglicher Art. Die dargestellte Bockleiter stellt daher nur eines von vielen möglichen Leitervarianten dar. Jeder Leiternteil bei einer solchen Leiter 9 umfasst in der Regel zwei parallele Holme 10 und zwischen diesen in Querrichtung verlaufende Sprossen 11, wobei die Sprossen 11 jeweils zueinander parallel im Abstand angeordnet sind. In der Regel stehen die beiden Holme 10 jeweils am oberen und am unteren Ende des Leiternteils etwas vor. Es kann sich ebenso gut um eine Leiter 9 mit nur einem einfachen Leiterteil handeln. Im Rahmen der Erfindung geht es um die Verbindung der jeweiligen Sprossen 11 mit den Holmen 10 der Leiter. Das spezifische Verbindungsverfahren wird nachfolgend unter Bezugnahme auf die Figuren 2 bis 5 näher erläutert.First, it will open Fig. 1 Referenced. The illustration shows schematically simplified a conductor according to the invention, which is designated overall by 9. In principle, in the context of the present invention, the respective conductor type does not matter. The invention is applicable to rung ladders of any kind. The illustrated ladder therefore represents only one of many possible ladder variants. Each ladder part in such a ladder 9 typically comprises two parallel spars 10 and between them transversely extending rungs 11, wherein the sprouts 11 each spaced parallel to each other. In general, the two spars 10 are each at the top and at the bottom of the ladder part something. It may as well be a ladder 9 with only a simple ladder section. In the context of the invention is about the Connection of the respective rungs 11 with the bars 10 of the ladder. The specific connection method will be described below with reference to FIGS FIGS. 2 to 5 explained in more detail.

Fig. 2 zeigt einen vergrößerten Detailausschnitt aus dem Verbindungsbereich zwischen einer Sprosse 11 und einem Holm 10 einer erfindungsgemäßen Leiter. Es ist nur ein Teilausschnitt perspektivisch in Explosionsansicht dargestellt, wobei zusätzlich der Konturstempel 12 gezeigt ist, der zum Aufweiten in die Leitersprosse 11 hineinfährt, wie noch weiter unten näher erläutert wird. Man erkennt, dass der Holm 10 beispielsweise einen rechteckigen Querschnitt aufweist und eine Öffnung 13 in der Wandung des Holms 10 vorhanden ist, die in etwa dem Querschnitt der Sprosse 11 im endseitigen Bereich entspricht. Dieser Querschnitt der Sprosse ist für sich genommen noch einmal in Fig. 4 dargestellt. Man erkennt aus Fig. 4, dass die Sprosse 11 eine oberseitige horizontale Trittfläche 14 aufweist, wobei die Sprosse im Bereich dieser Trittfläche 14 ihre maximale Breite hat. Im übrigen ist das Querschnittsprofil der Sprosse 11 so, dass diese sich ausgehend von der oberen Trittfläche 14 an beiden Seiten zunehmend verjüngt. Dabei ergibt sich eine konische Form und wenn man den unteren abgerundeten Bereich 15 der Sprosse 11 mit betrachtet, kann man von zwei etwa parabelförmigen Seitenschenkein 16 der Sprosse sprechen. Fig. 2 shows an enlarged detail of the connection area between a rung 11 and a spar 10 of a conductor according to the invention. It is only a partial section perspective view in exploded view, in addition, the contour of the punch 12 is shown, which extends into the expansion into the ladder rung 11, as will be explained in more detail below. It can be seen that the spar 10 has, for example, a rectangular cross-section and an opening 13 in the wall of the spar 10 is present, which corresponds approximately to the cross section of the rung 11 in the end region. This cross section of the rung is taken in once again Fig. 4 shown. One recognizes Fig. 4 in that the rung 11 has an upper-side horizontal tread surface 14, the trough having its maximum width in the region of this tread surface 14. Moreover, the cross-sectional profile of the rung 11 is such that, starting from the upper tread surface 14, it increasingly tapers on both sides. This results in a conical shape and if you look at the lower rounded portion 15 of the rung 11 with, you can speak of two approximately parabolic Seitenschenkein 16 of the rung.

Es wird nun Bezug genommen auf Fig. 5, die einen Längsschnitt durch die Leiter im Verbindungsbereich zwischen Sprosse 11 und Holm 10 zeigt. Man sieht, dass die Sprosse 11 jeweils durch eine Öffnung in der in der Zeichnung linken Wandung des Holms sowie durch eine Öffnung 13 (siehe auch Fig. 2) durch eine in der Zeichnung rechte und im montierten Zustand außenliegende Wandung 10a des Holms hindurchgeführt ist. Die Sprosse 11 durchsetzt also den im Querschnitt rechteckigen hohlen Holm. Die jeweiligen Öffnungen 13 in der Wandung 10a außen und in der Wandung 10b innen entsprechen in etwa der Kontur der Sprosse 11, wobei, wie man aus Fig. 5 erkennen kann, die Sprosse 11 endseitig gegenüber der äußeren Wandung 10a des Holms nur geringfügig vorsteht. Wenn nun der in Fig. 5 und auch in Fig. 2 gezeigte Konturstempel 12, der in seinem vorderen Endbereich 12a eine Form hat, die der Innenkontur der Sprosse 11 etwa entspricht, in die Sprosse 11 hineinfährt, sowie dies in Fig. 3 dargestellt ist, dann erfährt die Sprosse eine Aufweitung. Diese Aufweitung der Sprosse ergibt sich durch die vom vorderen Ende aus leicht konisch zunehmende Stempelform des Konturstempels, die man in Fig. 5 gut erkennen kann. Wie Fig. 3 zeigt, fährt dabei dieser Konturstempel 12 durch die Öffnung 13 in der äußeren Wandung 10a des Holms und auch durch die entsprechende Öffnung in der inneren Wandung 10b des Holms hindurch in die Leitersprosse 11 hinein bis in die Endposition, die in Fig. 3 gezeigt ist. Dadurch passiert der wulstartig sich verdickende Teil des konischen vorderen Endes 12a des Konturstempels diejenigen Bereiche, in denen die Sprosse 11 durch die Öffnungen in der jeweiligen Wandung des Holms hindurchgeführt ist. Der in seinem breitesten Teil den Innenquerschnitt der Sprosse 11 übersteigende Konturstempel kommt innenseitig über den überwiegenden Teil des Umfangs an der Innenwandung der hohlen Sprosse 11 zur Anlage und drückt diese nach außen. Diese Aufweitung der Sprosse 11 kann im Prinzip in einem Arbeitsgang erfolgen, in dem der Konturstempel 12 aus der in Fig. 5 dargestellten Position bis in seine Endposition fährt, die in Fig. 3 gezeigt ist. Aufgrund dieser Aufweitung der Sprosse 11 vorzugsweise über den gesamten Innenumfang wird die Wandung der Sprosse nach außen gedrückt und so eine formschlüssige und kraftschlüssige Verbindung mit der jeweiligen Wandung 10b, 10a des Holms hergestellt.It will now be referred to Fig. 5 showing a longitudinal section through the ladder in the connecting region between rung 11 and spar 10. It can be seen that the rung 11 in each case by an opening in the left in the drawing wall of the spar and through an opening 13 (see also Fig. 2 ) is passed through a right in the drawing and in the mounted state outer wall 10a of the spar. The rung 11 thus passes through the rectangular cross-section hollow Holm. The respective ones Openings 13 in the wall 10 a outside and in the wall 10 b inside correspond approximately to the contour of the rung 11, wherein, as you can see Fig. 5 can recognize, the rung 11 only slightly protrudes towards the outer wall 10a of the spar end. If now the in Fig. 5 and also in Fig. 2 shown contour punch 12, which has a shape in its front end portion 12a, which corresponds approximately to the inner contour of the rung 11, into the rung 11 hineinfährt, as well as in Fig. 3 is shown, then the rung undergoes an expansion. This expansion of the rung is due to the slightly tapered from the front end punch shape of the contour stamp, which is in Fig. 5 can recognize well. As Fig. 3 shows, this contour stamp 12 moves through the opening 13 in the outer wall 10a of the spar and also through the corresponding opening in the inner wall 10b of the spar through into the ladder rung 11 into the end position, the in Fig. 3 is shown. As a result, the bead-like, thickening part of the conical front end 12a of the contour punch passes those regions in which the rung 11 passes through the openings in the respective wall of the spar. The in its widest part the inner cross section of the rung 11 exceeding contour stamp comes on the inside over the major part of the circumference of the inner wall of the hollow rung 11 to the plant and pushes it outwards. This expansion of the rung 11 can in principle be done in one operation, in which the contour punch 12 from the in Fig. 5 shown position moves to its final position in Fig. 3 is shown. Due to this expansion of the rung 11, preferably over the entire inner circumference, the wall of the rung is pressed outward, thus producing a positive and non-positive connection with the respective wall 10b, 10a of the spar.

BezugszeichenlisteLIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

99
Leiterladder
1010
HolmeHolme
10a10a
außenliegende Wandungexternal wall
10b10b
innenliegende Wandunginside wall
1111
Sprossensprouts
1212
Konturstempelcontour temple
12a12a
vorderes Endefront end
1313
Öffnungopening
1414
Trittflächetread
1515
Abgerundeter BereichRounded area
1616
Seitenschenkelside leg

Claims (4)

  1. Ladder with a rung (11) and with a ladder beam (10), the rung and ladder beam being connected to one another, wherein
    - the rung (11) is guided through both walls (10a, 10b) of the ladder beam (10),
    - a force-locking connection is achieved between the rung (11) and at least one wall of the ladder beam (10) in that the rung (11) is widened in the region of the wall of the ladder beam (10) by means of a contour punch (12) which was driven into the rung (11) and which had an outline corresponding to the inner cross section of the rung,
    - the rung (11) projects at its end with respect to the outer wall (10a) of the stile,
    characterized in that
    - the rungs of the ladder have a cross-sectional profile tapering from top to bottom, preferably tapering approximately parabolically on both sides, and
    - at least one rung (11) has its maximum width on the upper side in the region of its tread surface (14).
  2. Ladder according to Claim 1, characterized in that the rung (11) is widened over most of its periphery by means of the contour punch (12).
  3. Ladder according to Claim 2, characterized in that the rung (11) is widened all the way around by means of the contour punch (12) driven into it.
  4. Ladder according to one of Claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the ladder has rungs (11) whose height is greater than their maximum width.
EP05004290A 2004-03-09 2005-02-28 Method of joining a rung to a stile of a ladder Not-in-force EP1574661B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102004011851 2004-03-09
DE102004011851A DE102004011851A1 (en) 2004-03-09 2004-03-09 Method for connecting a rung to a spar of a ladder

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1574661A1 EP1574661A1 (en) 2005-09-14
EP1574661B1 true EP1574661B1 (en) 2009-11-25

Family

ID=34813654

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP05004290A Not-in-force EP1574661B1 (en) 2004-03-09 2005-02-28 Method of joining a rung to a stile of a ladder

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1574661B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE449900T1 (en)
DE (2) DE102004011851A1 (en)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CH707114A1 (en) * 2012-10-19 2014-04-30 Msu Normen Henri Zenhäusern Ag Ladder.

Family Cites Families (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE7308820U (en) 1973-06-14 Menschel K Metal ladder, especially made of light metal
US2958127A (en) * 1952-10-30 1960-11-01 American Hospital Supply Corp Method of joining tubular members
GB822698A (en) * 1958-04-15 1959-10-28 Robert Scott Ramsay Improvements in and relating to ladders
US3327385A (en) * 1963-01-04 1967-06-27 Harsco Corp Method of making ladders
GB1031401A (en) * 1964-01-01 1966-06-02 Cyril Harcourt Matthews Improvements relating to ladders
FR2277967A1 (en) * 1974-07-12 1976-02-06 Wallet Jacques Lightweight alloy hollow section ladder - has ends of rungs secured in uprights by inserted plugs
FR2562127A1 (en) * 1984-03-30 1985-10-04 Comabi Sa Method for assembling scaffolding elements
DE3602331A1 (en) * 1985-02-02 1986-08-07 Dieterle, Philipp, Dipl.-Ing.(FH), 7239 Fluorn-Winzeln Ladder
CH683445A5 (en) * 1991-04-23 1994-03-15 Ski Gubler Ag Rung attachment for ladder - has support plate fitted between rung and stile and fixture plate held in track on outside of stile, holding screws in place
KR100251377B1 (en) * 1998-01-14 2000-06-01 이익우 A ladder

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ATE449900T1 (en) 2009-12-15
EP1574661A1 (en) 2005-09-14
DE502005008575D1 (en) 2010-01-07
DE102004011851A1 (en) 2005-10-06

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