EP1573847A2 - Vorrichtung zur luftversorgung von brennstoffzellen - Google Patents
Vorrichtung zur luftversorgung von brennstoffzellenInfo
- Publication number
- EP1573847A2 EP1573847A2 EP03788866A EP03788866A EP1573847A2 EP 1573847 A2 EP1573847 A2 EP 1573847A2 EP 03788866 A EP03788866 A EP 03788866A EP 03788866 A EP03788866 A EP 03788866A EP 1573847 A2 EP1573847 A2 EP 1573847A2
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- compressor
- expander
- wheels
- fuel cell
- fuel cells
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 210000000078 claw Anatomy 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 13
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- FGUUSXIOTUKUDN-IBGZPJMESA-N C1(=CC=CC=C1)N1C2=C(NC([C@H](C1)NC=1OC(=NN=1)C1=CC=CC=C1)=O)C=CC=C2 Chemical compound C1(=CC=CC=C1)N1C2=C(NC([C@H](C1)NC=1OC(=NN=1)C1=CC=CC=C1)=O)C=CC=C2 FGUUSXIOTUKUDN-IBGZPJMESA-N 0.000 description 1
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 108020005351 Isochores Proteins 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04C23/00—Combinations of two or more pumps, each being of rotary-piston or oscillating-piston type, specially adapted for elastic fluids; Pumping installations specially adapted for elastic fluids; Multi-stage pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids
- F04C23/008—Hermetic pumps
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01C—ROTARY-PISTON OR OSCILLATING-PISTON MACHINES OR ENGINES
- F01C1/00—Rotary-piston machines or engines
- F01C1/08—Rotary-piston machines or engines of intermeshing engagement type, i.e. with engagement of co- operating members similar to that of toothed gearing
- F01C1/12—Rotary-piston machines or engines of intermeshing engagement type, i.e. with engagement of co- operating members similar to that of toothed gearing of other than internal-axis type
- F01C1/123—Rotary-piston machines or engines of intermeshing engagement type, i.e. with engagement of co- operating members similar to that of toothed gearing of other than internal-axis type with tooth-like elements, extending generally radially from the rotor body cooperating with recesses in the other rotor, e.g. one tooth
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01C—ROTARY-PISTON OR OSCILLATING-PISTON MACHINES OR ENGINES
- F01C21/00—Component parts, details or accessories not provided for in groups F01C1/00 - F01C20/00
- F01C21/10—Outer members for co-operation with rotary pistons; Casings
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04C18/00—Rotary-piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids
- F04C18/08—Rotary-piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids of intermeshing-engagement type, i.e. with engagement of co-operating members similar to that of toothed gearing
- F04C18/12—Rotary-piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids of intermeshing-engagement type, i.e. with engagement of co-operating members similar to that of toothed gearing of other than internal-axis type
- F04C18/123—Rotary-piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids of intermeshing-engagement type, i.e. with engagement of co-operating members similar to that of toothed gearing of other than internal-axis type with radially or approximately radially from the rotor body extending tooth-like elements, co-operating with recesses in the other rotor, e.g. one tooth
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04082—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
- H01M8/04089—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
Definitions
- the invention relates to a device for supplying air to fuel cells according to the kind defined in the preamble of claim 1.
- DE 197 55 116 Cl discloses a generic device for supplying air to fuel cells.
- the fuel cell is supplied with air via a compressor and then expanded in an expander.
- the expander is operated with the exhaust air of a catalytic burner, which is also connected downstream of the fuel cell.
- a pump for generating pressure or vacuum is known from WO 00/57062 AI.
- the compressors or expanders of the device according to the invention for supplying air to fuel cells designed as claw compressors or expanders with respective compressor or expander wheels enable very high compression ratios and thus a very good supply of fresh air to the fuel cell. They have a simple structure and a reliable function.
- Figure 1 shows a fuel cell with an air supply device according to the invention.
- Figure 2 shows the device for air supply according to the invention in a section.
- FIG. 3 shows an enlarged illustration of a unit comprising a compressor and an expander
- Fig. 5 is a diagram in which the torque of the compressor and the expander is plotted against the angle of rotation.
- FIG. 1 shows a very schematic illustration of a fuel cell 1 which has a cathode compartment 2 and an anode compartment 3 in a manner known per se.
- a hydrogen-containing gas is supplied to the anode compartment 3 in a manner which is not shown but is known per se.
- Air or atmospheric oxygen is supplied to the cathode compartment 2, for which purpose a subsequent device 4 described in detail for the air supply to the fuel cell 1 is provided.
- the device 4 has a compressor 5 connected upstream of the fuel cell 1 and an expander 6 connected downstream of the fuel cell 1.
- the way in which the compressor 5 and the expander 6 are connected to the fuel cell 1 is not explicitly shown, but can be done, for example, by means of ordinary lines.
- the compressor 5 is designed as a claw compressor and has two compressor wheels
- the expander 6 is basically identical to the compressor 5 and has two expander wheels
- the arrows labeled "A" indicate the respective directions of rotation of the compressor wheels 7, 7 'and the expander wheels 9, 9'. It can thus be seen that the compressor 5 and the expander 6 have the same direction of rotation. However, in order to achieve a compression from the pressure P x to the pressure P 2 in the compressor 5 and a relaxation from the pressure P 3 to the pressure P in the expander 6, the compressor 5 and the expander 6 have a mirror-inverted structure.
- the compression ratios P 2 / P ⁇ and P 3 / P 4 are given in the present case by the geometry of the compressor wheels 7, 7 'and the expander of 9, 9', that is, by the structure of the compressor 5 and the expander 6, they can but can also be adjustable by a mechanism, not shown.
- the compressor wheels 7, 7 'and the expander wheels 9, 9' are each mounted on common shafts 15, 15 '. Both the shaft 15 and the shaft 15 'are each supported by means of two bearing elements 16 and 17 or 16' and 17 '. Furthermore, the common shafts 15 and 15 'are connected by a synchronization gear 18, which ensures that the compressor wheel 7 synchronizes with the compressor wheel 7' and the expander wheel 9 with the expander wheel 9 '.
- the shaft 15 is connected to a drive motor 19 which serves to drive the device 4.
- the gas compressed in the compressor 5 is fed to the expander 6, where residual energy is removed from it by expansion. Due to the common mounting, the expander 6 feeds the recovered power directly to the two shafts 15 and 15 ′ and thus reduces the power of the drive motor 19 required for the compressor 5.
- the compressor 5 and the expander 6 are cooled by means of expansion cooling. Firstly befin- • to 6 18. Des det this, as shown in Fig. 2 are discernible, the cooler expander on the side of the synchronization gear Further, the gas after leaving the expander 6 for cooling the compressor 5 and the subsequent storage 16 and 16 'used. To achieve this, in the present case the compressor 5 and the expander 6 are accommodated in a common housing 20, which is double-walled. 4, the working principle of the compressor 5 is shown in a total of six stages.
- stage a) the rotation of the compressor wheels 7, 7 'according to arrow A increases the volume of a scooping chamber 21 located in the area of the inlet 11 and the gas is sucked in via the inlet 11, which is also referred to as a suction channel.
- Step b) shows a scoop space 21 correspondingly enlarged by the rotation.
- step c) The separation of the delivery volumes of the two compressor wheels 7, 7 'shown in step c) results in an isochore delivery of the gas in the direction of the pressure side or the outlet 12.
- Step d) shows the union of the two volumes with is accompanied by a compression.
- the gas cannot leave the compressor 5, since the lower compressor wheel 7 'closes the outlet 12. Only when the drain 12 is released, as shown in step e), can the precompressed gas be pushed out, as shown in step f). In this way, the gas is compressed from the pressure P x to the pressure P 2 and conveyed in the direction of the fuel cell 1.
- Fig. 2 it can be seen that the compressor wheels 7, 7 'have a considerably larger width than the expander wheels 9, 9'.
- the scoop around the expander 6, which is not shown, is thus smaller than the corresponding scoop space 21 of the compressor 5.
- the size of the scoop space of the expander 6 is 0.3 to 0.6 times the scoop space 21 of the compressor 5 ,
- Relatively simple manufacturing processes can be used to manufacture the compressor wheels 7, 7 'and the expander wheels 9, 9' because, in contrast to, for example, screw compressors, the geometry of the compressor wheels 7, 7 'and the expander of 9, 9' are not in the axial direction is twisted. Since the compression, as described above, is radial and not in Axial direction takes place, the length or width of the compressor wheels 7, 7 'and the expander wheels 9, 9' is smaller than their diameter, so that compact designs can be realized in particular with a multi-stage arrangement of compressors or expanders. Such a multi-stage design can be used to realize larger pressure differences or to achieve independent volume flows at different individual pressures.
- FIG. 5 shows a torque curve of the compressor 5 and the expander 6 over the angle of rotation of the compressor wheels 7, 7 'and the expander wheels 9, 9'. Since the compressor 5 compresses in the direction of rotation while the expander 6 expands in the direction of rotation and since, as described above, the lengths of the compressor wheels 7, 7 'and the expander wheels 9, 9' are different, the torque profiles shown result.
- the expander 6 is initially in phase with the compressor 5, the difference between maximum and minimum torque being able to be reduced by approximately 20% by a suitable angular displacement.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Fuel Cell (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE10258363 | 2002-12-12 | ||
| DE10258363A DE10258363A1 (de) | 2002-12-12 | 2002-12-12 | Vorrichtung zur Luftversorgung von Brennstoffzellen |
| PCT/DE2003/004042 WO2004054025A2 (de) | 2002-12-12 | 2003-12-09 | Vorrichtung zur luftversorgung von brennstoffzellen |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP1573847A2 true EP1573847A2 (de) | 2005-09-14 |
Family
ID=32336307
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP03788866A Withdrawn EP1573847A2 (de) | 2002-12-12 | 2003-12-09 | Vorrichtung zur luftversorgung von brennstoffzellen |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20060147323A1 (de) |
| EP (1) | EP1573847A2 (de) |
| AU (1) | AU2003293281A1 (de) |
| DE (2) | DE10258363A1 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2004054025A2 (de) |
Families Citing this family (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP5154026B2 (ja) * | 2006-04-14 | 2013-02-27 | 本田技研工業株式会社 | 燃料電池システム |
| CN101490881B (zh) * | 2006-07-13 | 2011-10-05 | 丰田自动车株式会社 | 燃料电池系统以及燃料电池车 |
| DE202009010390U1 (de) * | 2009-07-31 | 2009-10-08 | Busch Produktions Gmbh | Vorrichtung zum lastunabhängigen Beaufschlagen eines Diesel-Rußpartikelfilters mit Druckluft |
| JP2013506098A (ja) * | 2009-09-23 | 2013-02-21 | レイモンド フレイジャー,スコット | 水中に圧縮流体エネルギを貯蔵するシステムおよび同システムを配置する方法 |
| CN105952591B (zh) * | 2016-06-23 | 2018-10-23 | 中国石油大学(华东) | 一种用于地热发电的爪式发动机发电装置 |
| CN111734630A (zh) * | 2019-03-25 | 2020-10-02 | 一汽解放汽车有限公司 | 一种带能量回收功能的燃料电池罗茨式空压机 |
Family Cites Families (13)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3236213A (en) * | 1961-07-10 | 1966-02-22 | Yanmar Diesel Engine Co | Rotary type compound internal combustion engines |
| DE2062007A1 (de) * | 1970-12-16 | 1972-07-06 | Krüger, Winfried; Krüger, Peter; 4300 Essen | Drehkolbengerät |
| DE4318818C2 (de) * | 1993-06-07 | 1995-05-04 | Daimler Benz Ag | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Bereitstellung von konditionierter Prozessluft für luftatmende Brennstoffzellensysteme |
| DE19709202C2 (de) * | 1997-03-06 | 2000-12-14 | Busch Gmbh K | Drehkolbenmaschine mit axial verdrehten Drehkolben |
| US6056804A (en) * | 1997-06-30 | 2000-05-02 | Questor Industries Inc. | High frequency rotary pressure swing adsorption apparatus |
| DE19755116C1 (de) * | 1997-12-11 | 1999-03-04 | Dbb Fuel Cell Engines Gmbh | PEM-Brennstoffzellensystem sowie Verfahren zum Betreiben eines PEM-Brennstoffzellensystems |
| JP2000291579A (ja) * | 1998-10-16 | 2000-10-17 | Toyota Autom Loom Works Ltd | 水冷式ガス供給装置 |
| JP3601770B2 (ja) * | 1999-09-28 | 2004-12-15 | 株式会社豊田自動織機 | 燃料電池用圧縮回生機 |
| US6289692B1 (en) * | 1999-12-22 | 2001-09-18 | Phillips Petroleum Company | Efficiency improvement of open-cycle cascaded refrigeration process for LNG production |
| US6484687B1 (en) * | 2001-05-07 | 2002-11-26 | Saddle Rock Technologies Llc | Rotary machine and thermal cycle |
| DE20013338U1 (de) * | 2000-08-02 | 2000-12-28 | Werner Rietschle GmbH + Co. KG, 79650 Schopfheim | Verdichter |
| DE20015744U1 (de) * | 2000-09-12 | 2001-01-25 | Werner Rietschle GmbH + Co. KG, 79650 Schopfheim | Pumpe mit Wassereinspeisung |
| GB0118292D0 (en) * | 2001-07-27 | 2001-09-19 | Honeywell Normalair Garrett | Air cycle cooling system |
-
2002
- 2002-12-12 DE DE10258363A patent/DE10258363A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
2003
- 2003-12-09 AU AU2003293281A patent/AU2003293281A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2003-12-09 DE DE10394142T patent/DE10394142D2/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2003-12-09 US US10/538,732 patent/US20060147323A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2003-12-09 WO PCT/DE2003/004042 patent/WO2004054025A2/de not_active Ceased
- 2003-12-09 EP EP03788866A patent/EP1573847A2/de not_active Withdrawn
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| See references of WO2004054025A2 * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| AU2003293281A8 (en) | 2004-06-30 |
| US20060147323A1 (en) | 2006-07-06 |
| DE10394142D2 (de) | 2005-10-27 |
| DE10258363A1 (de) | 2004-06-24 |
| WO2004054025A2 (de) | 2004-06-24 |
| AU2003293281A1 (en) | 2004-06-30 |
| WO2004054025A3 (de) | 2005-02-03 |
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Legal Events
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| PUAI | Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase |
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| 17P | Request for examination filed |
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| AX | Request for extension of the european patent |
Extension state: AL LT LV MK |
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| DAX | Request for extension of the european patent (deleted) | ||
| RBV | Designated contracting states (corrected) |
Designated state(s): FR GB IT |
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| REG | Reference to a national code |
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| STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
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Effective date: 20060617 |