EP1568938B1 - Surgical lamp and method of illumination of an operating theatre - Google Patents

Surgical lamp and method of illumination of an operating theatre Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1568938B1
EP1568938B1 EP04018642A EP04018642A EP1568938B1 EP 1568938 B1 EP1568938 B1 EP 1568938B1 EP 04018642 A EP04018642 A EP 04018642A EP 04018642 A EP04018642 A EP 04018642A EP 1568938 B1 EP1568938 B1 EP 1568938B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
light
operating lamp
lamp according
dimming
color temperature
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Revoked
Application number
EP04018642A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1568938A1 (en
Inventor
Rudolf Dr. Marka
Markus Vogl
Willibald Hiermer
Christian Prof. Bartenbach
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Trumpf Medizin Systeme GmbH and Co KG
Original Assignee
Trumpf Kreuzer Medizin Systeme GmbH and Co KG
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Priority claimed from EP04004602A external-priority patent/EP1568936A1/en
Application filed by Trumpf Kreuzer Medizin Systeme GmbH and Co KG filed Critical Trumpf Kreuzer Medizin Systeme GmbH and Co KG
Priority to EP04018642A priority Critical patent/EP1568938B1/en
Priority to US11/067,580 priority patent/US7614763B2/en
Priority to JP2005054108A priority patent/JP5048927B2/en
Priority to CNB2005100524370A priority patent/CN100473892C/en
Publication of EP1568938A1 publication Critical patent/EP1568938A1/en
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B45/00—Circuit arrangements for operating light-emitting diodes [LED]
    • H05B45/20—Controlling the colour of the light
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F21V21/00—Supporting, suspending, or attaching arrangements for lighting devices; Hand grips
    • F21V21/40—Hand grips
    • F21V21/403—Hand grips for operation or dentist lamps
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21W—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES F21K, F21L, F21S and F21V, RELATING TO USES OR APPLICATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS
    • F21W2131/00—Use or application of lighting devices or systems not provided for in codes F21W2102/00-F21W2121/00
    • F21W2131/20—Lighting for medical use
    • F21W2131/205—Lighting for medical use for operating theatres
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES F21K, F21L, F21S and F21V, RELATING TO THE FORM OR THE KIND OF THE LIGHT SOURCES OR OF THE COLOUR OF THE LIGHT EMITTED
    • F21Y2113/00—Combination of light sources
    • F21Y2113/10—Combination of light sources of different colours
    • F21Y2113/13—Combination of light sources of different colours comprising an assembly of point-like light sources
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES F21K, F21L, F21S and F21V, RELATING TO THE FORM OR THE KIND OF THE LIGHT SOURCES OR OF THE COLOUR OF THE LIGHT EMITTED
    • F21Y2115/00—Light-generating elements of semiconductor light sources
    • F21Y2115/10—Light-emitting diodes [LED]

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a surgical light, as has become known for example from DE 198 38 627 A1.
  • the dimming of a surgical light or a medical lamp is done to avoid dazzling the surgeon in different tissue colors. Light skin and white adipose tissue lead to high reflection. Red tissue absorbs a lot of light and therefore appears darker. Dimming is also used to compensate for fatigue effects of the surgeon's eye. An operation begins in the dimmed state of the lamp. Light reserves can compensate for the fatigue of the eye with decreasing sensitivity during the operation.
  • the surgeon needs to lifelike visibility and optimal assessment of the illuminated objects of the brightness independent, as constant as possible lighting properties of the lamp.
  • halogen or gas discharge lamps or LEDs are used as a light source in a medical lamp mainly halogen or gas discharge lamps or LEDs. However, all these lamps have the property that the color temperature of the light changes greatly in the electrical / electronic dimming.
  • the human eye is used to daylight.
  • the vision is adapted to the daylight.
  • the human eye detects most exact contours, distinguishes the most differentiated colors and recognizes movements most clearly.
  • Each color impression is determined by the spectral distribution of the light.
  • a spectral distribution can be assigned a color temperature.
  • daylight has a color temperature of 5,600 Kelvin. It is known in the literature that, according to Kruithoff's comfort curve, the color temperature must be matched with the illuminance in order to create a pleasant lighting situation.
  • white light with a color temperature of approx. 4,500 Kelvin at high illuminance levels (> 100,000 lux) is recommended.
  • the ideal color temperature is achieved primarily by the use of known color conversion filters. Instead of the color conversion filters for correcting the color temperature, it is also known to add colored light to the white light.
  • the Applicant has set itself the task to improve the lighting conditions in operations, to avoid the disadvantages occurring by a color temperature change and the color reproduction change in a dimming of a surgical light and to adjust the color temperature and color reproduction at a constant brightness.
  • a surgical lamp according to claim 1 By admixing colored light, e.g. generated by colored LEDs, a mixed light can be generated with adjustable photometric data.
  • the electrical parameters of the dimming in the control electronics can be stored in such a way (for example characteristic map, characteristic curve) that the preselected color temperature and the color reproduction are kept constant with a stepless change of the brightness.
  • a control device in conjunction with corresponding sensors can make it possible to set and monitor a desired color temperature and / or color reproduction, as well as being able to be adjusted and kept constant at a defined brightness.
  • control device allows the surgeon to create lighting conditions in the surgical field that are individually tailored to his needs. Depending on the color temperature or color rendering, highlighting of various tissue structures or tissue features within the surgical site is possible.
  • the dimming can be achieved by mechanical and / or optical means.
  • a dimming can be generated by a change in the electrical current supplied to the LED and / or the electrical voltage.
  • diaphragms, lenses or optical filters, which are moved into the beam path, cause a change in the luminous flux.
  • the color temperature or the color reproduction remains constant with a mechanical dimming.
  • the operating light 1 comprises a lamp body 2, which has in its interior in Fig. 1 not visible lighting means.
  • the lamp body 2 is pivotally mounted on a stationary bracket on a ceiling or a wall of a building or a mobile unit via a not completely shown in Fig. 1 pivot arm.
  • the swivel arm is composed of several interconnected via joints elements.
  • a fixedly connected to the operating light 1 element 4 of the pivot arm is indicated in Fig. 1 only. Therefore, the operation lamp 1 can be three-dimensionally moved and pivoted in X, Y, Z direction.
  • a mounted on the lamp body 2 handle 3 allows positioning the surgical light anywhere on an operating table.
  • the handle 3 is detachably attached to the underside 5 of the operating light. Light exits at the bottom 5 to illuminate the surgical site.
  • FIG. 2 shows that individual light modules 6a to 6g are joined to one another almost without borders as a light source. Borderless in the sense of the invention means that the transitions between the individual light modules 6a to 6g have no significant influence on the optical properties, in particular on the light emission in the direction of the surgical site. The generated light is perceived as uniform despite the light source composed of a plurality of light modules 6a to 6g.
  • Each light module 6a to 6g in turn comprises a plurality of individual LEDs, for example 10 to 50. This results in photometric advantages analogous to large mirror lights, such as a theoretically optimal freedom from shadow through large-area light emission.
  • Each light module 6a to 6g can even illuminate a complete surgical site.
  • Light generated by the light modules 6a to 6g is indicated by dashed lines by the light beams 7 , so that a luminous field 8 is formed.
  • the light field 8 is the area illuminated on the operating table.
  • the light modules 6a to 6g can be assembled by any combination with other light modules to different overall modules as a light source. This can change the luminous field size, the illuminance and the shape of the luminous field 8.
  • the individual light modules for example the light module 6a shown in FIG. 3 , each consist of a housing 9 with mechanical and / or electrical or electronic connecting elements or connectors to adjacent light modules 6b to 6g.
  • the shape of the light modules 6a to 6g is designed to be on a spherical surface with a typical radius 1000 mm can be arranged without gaps. To achieve this, the light modules 6a to 6g are formed as hexagons. In compound form, a kind of honeycomb structure or facet structure results.
  • the surface of the light modules 6a to 6g facing the surgical site does not necessarily have to be flat, but may be slightly concave in order to simulate the curvature of the spherical surface better.
  • the optical axis of each light module 6a to 6g generally points to the focal point of the spherical surface.
  • each light module 6a to 6g a plurality of, approximately 10 to 50 LEDs are distributed uniformly, of which only three are shown in FIG. 3 and designated by reference numerals 10a to 10c .
  • the shadowing is optimized by a flat light emission.
  • each of the almost punctiform radiating LEDs are assigned suitable optical elements, for example lenses 11a to 11c (indicated by dashed lines are, for example, the LED light beams 12a to 12c ).
  • the shape of the lens elements 11a to 11c is designed so that they fill the light module 6a as far as possible to the edge.
  • the lens elements 11a to 11c can also have a scattering structure for equalizing the light field.
  • the underside 5 of the light modules can be covered by a transparent pane.
  • the individual light modules 6a to 6g together form a light source with a color temperature of about 4,500 K and a color rendering index Ra> 93 in order to achieve a natural color representation, for example of the tissue to be operated. Therefore, not only are LEDs used which generate white light, but also LEDs 10a to 10c, which generate colored light In FIG. 3, those LEDs for generating white light are not denoted by reference numerals.
  • the white LEDs are designed analogous to the colored ones. By mixing colored light components, such as cyan and blue, a collapse in the spectrum is partially compensated, as in an arrangement with pure white LEDs. Furthermore, it is possible to produce color mixtures that improve the visual performance of the surgeon.
  • the color temperature and color rendering of the mixed light generated by the total module can be variably adjusted by exclusively stepless dimming of the intensity of the colored LEDs.
  • the luminous flux intensity of the colored LEDs 10a to 10c can be changed continuously. It would also be desirable to keep the overall illuminance constant by means of coordinated intensity control of all LEDs.
  • the LEDs 10a to 10c are connected via power lines 13a to 13c and 14 to a control device 15 , which allows an electrical dimming of the luminous flux of the LEDs.
  • the electrical dimming of the colored LEDs 10a to 10c causes a change in the color temperature and / or the color reproduction.
  • a default color temperature of 4,500 K is specified, which is automatically generated when the operating light is switched on.
  • the brightness, color temperature and color reproduction of the mixed light can be variably adjusted by continuous dimming of the intensity of the white and the additional colored lamps. Either a constant brightness with variable color temperature or
  • Color reproduction or a desired dimming state at constant color temperature or color reproduction can be achieved.
  • the brightness, color temperature and color rendering can be measured.
  • suitable driving parameters for example voltage, current intensity
  • the individual intensities can be regulated in such a way that a constant brightness, a constant color temperature or optionally a constant color rendering results.
  • These parameters can be stored as a characteristic in the control device. For different color temperatures or color rendering indices, different characteristics are recorded and stored as a map.
  • control electronics can be coupled with sensors for measuring the brightness, color temperature and color reproduction.
  • Reference numeral 16 denotes a greater brightness.
  • Reference numeral 17 denotes a lower brightness. Color temperature and color reproduction remain unchanged.
  • the color temperature can be adjusted at a constant brightness.
  • the spectrum (wavelength ⁇ ) is changed to change the color temperature and at the same time the intensity is controlled so that the brightness (intensity I) remains unchanged.
  • a different color temperature is set by changing wavelength components, so that the spectrum 19 according to FIG. 5 b results as an intermediate step.
  • the brightness is kept constant analogously to the procedure according to FIG. 4 (see FIG. 5c), so that the spectrum 20 results in the desired final setting, ie a changed color temperature with constant brightness.

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  • Circuit Arrangement For Electric Light Sources In General (AREA)
  • Non-Portable Lighting Devices Or Systems Thereof (AREA)
  • Securing Globes, Refractors, Reflectors Or The Like (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Operationsleuchte, wie sie beispielsweise durch die DE 198 38 627 A1 bekannt geworden ist.The invention relates to a surgical light, as has become known for example from DE 198 38 627 A1.

Dokument US-A-4196460 der als Nächstliegender Stand der Technik angesehen wird, zeigt eine Operationsleuchte mit weissen und farbigen Leuchtmitteln und Mittel zu Dimmung der Leuchtmittel.Document US-A-4196460, which is considered to be the closest prior art, shows an operating light with white and colored bulbs and means for dimming the bulbs.

Die Dimmung einer Operationsleuchte oder einer medizinischen Leuchte erfolgt zur Vermeidung einer Blendung des Operateurs bei unterschiedlichen Gewebefarben. Helle Haut und weißes Fettgewebe führen zu einer hohen Reflexion. Rotes Gewebe absorbiert viel Licht und erscheint deshalb dunkler. Eine Dimmung wird auch zur Kompensation von Ermüdungseffekten des Auges des Operateurs eingesetzt. Eine Operation beginnt im gedimmten Zustand der Leuchte. Lichtreserven können die Ermüdung des Auges bei abnehmender Empfindlichkeit im Verlauf der Operation ausgleichen.The dimming of a surgical light or a medical lamp is done to avoid dazzling the surgeon in different tissue colors. Light skin and white adipose tissue lead to high reflection. Red tissue absorbs a lot of light and therefore appears darker. Dimming is also used to compensate for fatigue effects of the surgeon's eye. An operation begins in the dimmed state of the lamp. Light reserves can compensate for the fatigue of the eye with decreasing sensitivity during the operation.

Der Operateur benötigt zur naturgetreuen Wahrnehmbarkeit und optimalen Beurteilung der beleuchteten Objekte von der Helligkeit unabhängige, möglichst konstante lichttechnische Eigenschaften der Leuchte.The surgeon needs to lifelike visibility and optimal assessment of the illuminated objects of the brightness independent, as constant as possible lighting properties of the lamp.

Als Leuchtmittel in einer medizinischen Leuchte kommen vorwiegend Halogen- bzw. Gasentladungslampen oder auch LEDs zum Einsatz. Alle diese Leuchtmittel weisen aber die Eigenschaft auf, dass sich bei der elektrischen / elektronischen Dimmung die Farbtemperatur des Lichtes stark verändert.As a light source in a medical lamp mainly halogen or gas discharge lamps or LEDs are used. However, all these lamps have the property that the color temperature of the light changes greatly in the electrical / electronic dimming.

Das menschliche Auge ist an Tageslicht gewöhnt. Der Sehvorgang ist an das Tageslicht angepasst. Bei Tageslicht erkennt das menschliche Auge am exaktesten Konturen, unterscheidet am differenziertesten Farben und erkennt Bewegungen am deutlichsten.The human eye is used to daylight. The vision is adapted to the daylight. In daylight, the human eye detects most exact contours, distinguishes the most differentiated colors and recognizes movements most clearly.

Daher ist es wünschenswert, im Operationssaal Verhältnisse zu schaffen, welche dem Tageslicht vergleichbar sind. Der Operateur benötigt ein intensives und tageslichtähnliches Licht. Hinzu kommt, dass die Operationsstelle Licht nicht reflektiert, sondern dieses absorbiert wird.Therefore, it is desirable to create conditions in the operating room that are comparable to daylight. The surgeon needs an intense and daylight-like light. In addition, the surgical site does not reflect light, but this is absorbed.

Jeder Farbeindruck wird durch die spektrale Verteilung des Lichtes bestimmt. Einer spektralen Verteilung kann eine Farbtemperatur zugeordnet werden. Tageslicht beispielsweise hat eine Farbtemperatur von 5.600 Kelvin. In der Literatur ist bekannt, dass gemäß der Kruithoffschen Behaglichkeitskurve die Farbtemperatur mit der Beleuchtungsstärke abgestimmt sein muss, um eine angenehme Beleuchtungssituation zu schaffen. Für das Licht im Operationssaal wird weißes Licht mit einer Farbtemperatur von ca. 4.500 Kelvin bei hohen Beleuchtungsstärken (> 100.000 Lux) empfohlen.Each color impression is determined by the spectral distribution of the light. A spectral distribution can be assigned a color temperature. For example, daylight has a color temperature of 5,600 Kelvin. It is known in the literature that, according to Kruithoff's comfort curve, the color temperature must be matched with the illuminance in order to create a pleasant lighting situation. For the light in the operating room, white light with a color temperature of approx. 4,500 Kelvin at high illuminance levels (> 100,000 lux) is recommended.

Die ideale Farbtemperatur wird vorwiegend durch den Einsatz von bekannten Farbkonversionsfiltern erzielt. Anstelle der Farbkonversionsfilter zur Korrektur der Farbtemperatur ist es auch bekannt, dem weißen Licht farbiges Licht zuzumischen.The ideal color temperature is achieved primarily by the use of known color conversion filters. Instead of the color conversion filters for correcting the color temperature, it is also known to add colored light to the white light.

Der Anmelder hat sich die Aufgabe gestellt, die lichttechnischen Verhältnisse bei Operationen zu verbessern, bei einer Dimmung einer Operationsleuchte, die durch eine Farbtemperaturänderung und der Farbwiedergabeänderung auftretende Nachteile zu vermeiden und bei einer konstanten Helligkeit die Farbtemperatur und Farbwiedergabe einstellen zu können.The Applicant has set itself the task to improve the lighting conditions in operations, to avoid the disadvantages occurring by a color temperature change and the color reproduction change in a dimming of a surgical light and to adjust the color temperature and color reproduction at a constant brightness.

Diese Aufgabe wird durch eine Operationsleuchte gemäß Patentanspruch 1 gelöst. Durch Zumischen farbigen Lichtes, z.B. erzeugt durch farbige LEDs, kann ein Mischlicht mit einstellbaren lichttechnischen Daten erzeugt werden. Dabei können die elektrischen Parameter der Dimmung in der Steuerelektronik so hinterlegt werden (z.B. Kennfeld, Kennlinie), dass bei einer stufenlosen Veränderung der Helligkeit die vorgewählte Farbtemperatur und die Farbwiedergabe konstant gehalten werden,This object is achieved by a surgical lamp according to claim 1. By admixing colored light, e.g. generated by colored LEDs, a mixed light can be generated with adjustable photometric data. In this case, the electrical parameters of the dimming in the control electronics can be stored in such a way (for example characteristic map, characteristic curve) that the preselected color temperature and the color reproduction are kept constant with a stepless change of the brightness.

Eine Regeleinrichtung in Verbindung mit entsprechenden Sensoren kann es ermöglichen, dass eine gewünschte Farbtemperatur und/oder Farbwiedergabe eingestellt und überwacht, sowie nachgeregelt und bei einer definierten Helligkeit konstant gehalten werden kann.A control device in conjunction with corresponding sensors can make it possible to set and monitor a desired color temperature and / or color reproduction, as well as being able to be adjusted and kept constant at a defined brightness.

Insbesondere erlaubt es die Regeleinrichtung dem Operateur, individuell auf seine Bedürfnisse abgestimmte Beleuchtungsverhältnisse im Operationsfeld zu schaffen. Je nach Farbtemperatur oder Farbwiedergabe sind Hervorhebungen von verschiedenen Gewebestrukturen oder Gewebemerkmalen innerhalb der Operationsstelle möglich.In particular, the control device allows the surgeon to create lighting conditions in the surgical field that are individually tailored to his needs. Depending on the color temperature or color rendering, highlighting of various tissue structures or tissue features within the surgical site is possible.

Die Dimmung kann durch mechanische und/oder optische Mittel erreicht werden. Eine Dimmung kann durch eine Änderung des der LED zugeführten elektrischen Stroms und/oder der elektrischen Spannung erzeugt werden. Alternativ können Blenden, Linsen oder optische Filter, welche in den Strahlengang hinein bewegt werden, eine Veränderung des Lichtstromes bewirken. Die Farbtemperatur bzw. die Farbwiedergabe bleibt bei einer mechanischen Dimmung konstant.The dimming can be achieved by mechanical and / or optical means. A dimming can be generated by a change in the electrical current supplied to the LED and / or the electrical voltage. Alternatively, diaphragms, lenses or optical filters, which are moved into the beam path, cause a change in the luminous flux. The color temperature or the color reproduction remains constant with a mechanical dimming.

Ein bevorzugtes Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung ist in der Zeichnung schematisch dargestellt und wird nachfolgend mit Bezug zu den Figuren der Zeichnung näher erläutert. Es zeigt:

Fig. 1
eine Operationsleuchte;
Fig. 2
mehrere Lichtmodule der Operationsleuchte gemäß Fig. 1;
Fig. 3
den näheren Aufbau eines Lichtmoduls gemäß Fig. 2;
Fig.4
ein Wellenlängenspektrum bei konstanter Farbtemperatur und Farbwiedergabe;
Fig. 5a, 5b, 5c
Wellenlängenspektren nach Einstellung der Farbtemperatur und Helligkeit.
A preferred embodiment of the invention is shown schematically in the drawing and will be explained below with reference to the figures of the drawing. It shows:
Fig. 1
a surgical light;
Fig. 2
a plurality of light modules of the surgical lamp according to FIG. 1;
Fig. 3
the detailed structure of a light module of FIG. 2;
Figure 4
a wavelength spectrum with constant color temperature and color reproduction;
Fig. 5a, 5b, 5c
Wavelength spectra after setting the color temperature and brightness.

Aus der Seitenansicht einer Operationsleuchte 1 (Fig. 1) ist deren prinzipieller an sich bekannter Aufbau ersichtlich. Die Operationsleuchte 1 umfasst einen Leuchtenkörper 2, welcher in seinem Innenraum in der Fig. 1 nicht sichtbare Leuchtmittel aufweist. Der Leuchtenkörper 2 ist über einen in der Fig. 1 nicht vollständig gezeigten Schwenkarm schwenkbar an einer stationären Halterung an einer Decke oder einer Wand eines Gebäudes oder einer mobilen Einheit befestigt. Der Schwenkarm ist aus mehreren über Gelenke miteinander verbundenen Elementen aufgebaut. Ein mit der Operationsleuchte 1 fest verbundenes Element 4 des Schwenkarms ist in der Fig. 1 lediglich angedeutet. Daher lässt sich die Operationsleuchte 1 in X-, Y-, Z-Richtung dreidimensional bewegen und schwenken. Ein an dem Leuchtenkörper 2 angebrachter Handgriff 3 ermöglicht die Positionierung der Operationsleuchte an beliebiger Stelle über einem Operationstisch. Der Handgriff 3 ist lösbar an der Unterseite 5 der Operationsleuchte angebracht. An der Unterseite 5 tritt Licht aus, um die Operationsstelle auszuleuchten.From the side view of an operating light 1 (FIG. 1) , the basic structure known per se can be seen. The operating light 1 comprises a lamp body 2, which has in its interior in Fig. 1 not visible lighting means. The lamp body 2 is pivotally mounted on a stationary bracket on a ceiling or a wall of a building or a mobile unit via a not completely shown in Fig. 1 pivot arm. The swivel arm is composed of several interconnected via joints elements. A fixedly connected to the operating light 1 element 4 of the pivot arm is indicated in Fig. 1 only. Therefore, the operation lamp 1 can be three-dimensionally moved and pivoted in X, Y, Z direction. A mounted on the lamp body 2 handle 3 allows positioning the surgical light anywhere on an operating table. The handle 3 is detachably attached to the underside 5 of the operating light. Light exits at the bottom 5 to illuminate the surgical site.

Fig. 2 zeigt, dass als Lichtquelle einzelne Lichtmodule 6a bis 6g nahezu randlos aneinander gefügt sind. Randlos bedeutet im Sinne der Erfindung, dass die Übergänge zwischen den einzelnen Lichtmodulen 6a bis 6g keinen wesentlichen Einfluss auf die optischen Eigenschaften, insbesondere auf den Lichtaustritt in Richtung der Operationsstelle, besitzen. Das erzeugte Licht wird trotz der aus mehreren Lichtmodulen 6a bis 6g zusammengesetzten Lichtquelle als einheitlich wahrgenommen. Jedes Lichtmodul 6a bis 6g umfasst wiederum eine Vielzahl einzelner LEDs, beispielsweise 10 bis 50. Hieraus ergeben sich lichttechnische Vorteile analog zu Großspiegelleuchten, wie eine theoretisch optimale Schattenfreiheit durch großflächigen Lichtaustritt. Jedes Lichtmodul 6a bis 6g kann selbst eine komplette Operationsstelle ausleuchten. Von den Lichtmodulen 6a bis 6g erzeugtes Licht ist durch die Lichtstrahlen 7 gestrichelt angedeutet, so dass ein Leuchtfeld 8 entsteht. Das Leuchtfeld 8 ist die auf dem Operationstisch beleuchtete Fläche. Die Lichtmodule 6a bis 6g können durch beliebige Kombination mit weiteren Lichtmodulen zu unterschiedlichsten Gesamtmodulen als Lichtquelle zusammengesetzt werden. Dies kann die Leuchtfeldgröße, die Beleuchtungsstärke und die Form des Leuchtfeldes 8 verändern. FIG. 2 shows that individual light modules 6a to 6g are joined to one another almost without borders as a light source. Borderless in the sense of the invention means that the transitions between the individual light modules 6a to 6g have no significant influence on the optical properties, in particular on the light emission in the direction of the surgical site. The generated light is perceived as uniform despite the light source composed of a plurality of light modules 6a to 6g. Each light module 6a to 6g in turn comprises a plurality of individual LEDs, for example 10 to 50. This results in photometric advantages analogous to large mirror lights, such as a theoretically optimal freedom from shadow through large-area light emission. Each light module 6a to 6g can even illuminate a complete surgical site. Light generated by the light modules 6a to 6g is indicated by dashed lines by the light beams 7 , so that a luminous field 8 is formed. The light field 8 is the area illuminated on the operating table. The light modules 6a to 6g can be assembled by any combination with other light modules to different overall modules as a light source. This can change the luminous field size, the illuminance and the shape of the luminous field 8.

Die einzelnen Lichtmodule, beispielsweise das in der Fig. 3 gezeigte Lichtmodul 6a, bestehen alle jeweils aus einem Gehäuse 9 mit mechanischen und/oder elektrischen oder elektronischen Verbindungselementen oder Konnektoren zu benachbarten Lichtmodulen 6b bis 6g. Die Form der Lichtmodule 6a bis 6g ist so gestaltet, dass sie auf einer Kugelfläche mit typischem Radius 1000 mm ohne Zwischenräume angeordnet werden können. Um dies zu erreichen, sind die Lichtmodule 6a bis 6g als Sechsecke ausgebildet. In zusammengesetzter Form ergibt sich eine Art Wabenstruktur oder Facettenstruktur. Die der Operationsstelle zugewandte Fläche der Lichtmodule 6a bis 6g muss auch nicht zwingend eben ausgebildet sein, sondern kann leicht konkav sein, um die Krümmung der Kugelfläche besser nachzubilden. Die optische Achse jedes Lichtmoduls 6a bis 6g weist im Allgemeinen in den Brennpunkt der Kugelfläche.The individual light modules, for example the light module 6a shown in FIG. 3 , each consist of a housing 9 with mechanical and / or electrical or electronic connecting elements or connectors to adjacent light modules 6b to 6g. The shape of the light modules 6a to 6g is designed to be on a spherical surface with a typical radius 1000 mm can be arranged without gaps. To achieve this, the light modules 6a to 6g are formed as hexagons. In compound form, a kind of honeycomb structure or facet structure results. The surface of the light modules 6a to 6g facing the surgical site does not necessarily have to be flat, but may be slightly concave in order to simulate the curvature of the spherical surface better. The optical axis of each light module 6a to 6g generally points to the focal point of the spherical surface.

Unterschiedliche Lichtfeldformen können durch die Aneinanderreihung von Modulen mit verändertem Anstellwinkel erzeugt werden. Dazu können auch Zwischenelemente zum Einsatz kommen. In jedem Lichtmodul 6a bis 6g sind mehrere, ca. 10 bis 50 LEDs, gleichmäßig verteilt angeordnet, von denen in der Fig. 3 lediglich drei gezeigt und mit Bezugszeichen 10a bis 10c bezeichnet sind. Die Schattenbildung wird durch einen flächigen Lichtaustritt optimiert. Hierzu sind jeder der nahezu punktförmig strahlenden LEDs geeignete optische Elemente, z.B. Linsen 11a bis 11c, zugeordnet (gestrichelt angedeutet sind beispielhaft die LED-Lichtstrahlen 12a bis 12c). Die Form der Linsenelemente 11a bis 11c ist so gestaltet, dass sie das Lichtmodul 6a möglichst bis zum Rand ausfüllen. Die Linsenelemente 11a bis 11c können zudem über eine Streustruktur zur Vergleichmäßigung des Lichtfeldes verfügen. Die Unterseite 5 der Lichtmodule kann durch eine transparente Scheibe abgedeckt sein.Different light field shapes can be created by juxtaposing modulated angle modules. For this purpose, intermediate elements can also be used. In each light module 6a to 6g, a plurality of, approximately 10 to 50 LEDs are distributed uniformly, of which only three are shown in FIG. 3 and designated by reference numerals 10a to 10c . The shadowing is optimized by a flat light emission. For this purpose, each of the almost punctiform radiating LEDs are assigned suitable optical elements, for example lenses 11a to 11c (indicated by dashed lines are, for example, the LED light beams 12a to 12c ). The shape of the lens elements 11a to 11c is designed so that they fill the light module 6a as far as possible to the edge. The lens elements 11a to 11c can also have a scattering structure for equalizing the light field. The underside 5 of the light modules can be covered by a transparent pane.

Die einzelnen Lichtmodule 6a bis 6g bilden zusammen eine Lichtquelle mit einer Farbtemperatur von ca. 4.500 K sowie eines Farbwiedergabeindexes Ra > 93, um eine natürliche Farbdarstellung, beispielsweise des zu operierenden Gewebes, zu erreichen. Deshalb kommen nicht nur LEDs zum Einsatz, welche weißes Licht erzeugen, sondern auch LEDs 10a bis 10c, welche farbiges Licht erzeugen In der Fig. 3 sind diejenigen LEDs zur Erzeugung weißen Lichtes nicht mit Bezugszeichen bezeichnet. Die weißen LEDs sind analog zu den farbigen ausgebildet. Durch Zumischung farbiger Lichtanteile, wie z.B. Cyan und Blau, wird ein Einbruch im Spektrum wie bei einer Anordnung mit rein weißen LEDs teilweise kompensiert. Ferner können gezielt Farbmischungen erzeugt werden, die die Sehleistung des Operateurs verbessern. Bei konstanter Helligkeit der weißen LEDs können durch ausschließliche stufenlose Dimmung der Intensität der farbigen LEDs die Farbtemperatur und Farbwiedergabe des durch das Gesamtmodul, bestehend aus allen einzelnen Lichtmodulen 6a bis 6g (Gesamtlichtquelle), erzeugten Mischlichts variabel eingestellt werden. Die Lichtstromintensität der farbigen LEDs 10a bis 10c kann stufenlos verändert werden. Anzustreben wäre ferner das Konstanthalten der Gesamtbeleuchtungsstärke durch abgestimmte Intensitätsregelung aller LEDs.The individual light modules 6a to 6g together form a light source with a color temperature of about 4,500 K and a color rendering index Ra> 93 in order to achieve a natural color representation, for example of the tissue to be operated. Therefore, not only are LEDs used which generate white light, but also LEDs 10a to 10c, which generate colored light In FIG. 3, those LEDs for generating white light are not denoted by reference numerals. The white LEDs are designed analogous to the colored ones. By mixing colored light components, such as cyan and blue, a collapse in the spectrum is partially compensated, as in an arrangement with pure white LEDs. Furthermore, it is possible to produce color mixtures that improve the visual performance of the surgeon. With constant brightness of the white LEDs, the color temperature and color rendering of the mixed light generated by the total module, consisting of all individual light modules 6a to 6g (total light source), can be variably adjusted by exclusively stepless dimming of the intensity of the colored LEDs. The luminous flux intensity of the colored LEDs 10a to 10c can be changed continuously. It would also be desirable to keep the overall illuminance constant by means of coordinated intensity control of all LEDs.

Die LEDs 10a bis 10c sind über Stromleitungen 13a bis 13c und 14 mit einer Regeleinrichtung 15 verbunden, welche eine elektrische Dimmung des Lichtstroms der LEDs ermöglicht. Die elektrische Dimmung der farbigen LEDs 10a bis 10c bewirkt eine Änderung der Farbtemperatur und/oder der Farbwiedergabe.The LEDs 10a to 10c are connected via power lines 13a to 13c and 14 to a control device 15 , which allows an electrical dimming of the luminous flux of the LEDs. The electrical dimming of the colored LEDs 10a to 10c causes a change in the color temperature and / or the color reproduction.

Es wird eine Grundeinstellung einer Farbtemperatur von 4.500 K vorgegeben, welche beim Einschalten der Operationsleuchte automatisch erzeugt wird.A default color temperature of 4,500 K is specified, which is automatically generated when the operating light is switched on.

Durch stufenlose Dimmung der Intensität der weißen und der zusätzlichen farbigen Leuchtmittel kann die Helligkeit, Farbtemperatur und Farbwiedergabe des Mischlichtes variabel eingestellt werden. Dabei soll entweder eine konstante Helligkeit bei variabler Farbtemperatur bzw.The brightness, color temperature and color reproduction of the mixed light can be variably adjusted by continuous dimming of the intensity of the white and the additional colored lamps. Either a constant brightness with variable color temperature or

Farbwiedergabe oder ein gewünschter Dimmzustand bei konstanter Farbtemperatur bzw. Farbwiedergabe erreicht werden.Color reproduction or a desired dimming state at constant color temperature or color reproduction can be achieved.

Bei der Dimmung verändern die weißen und die farbigen Leuchtmittel die Farbtemperatur des emittierten Lichtes. Damit ändert sich die Farbtemperatur sowie die Farbwiedergabe des Mischlichtes.When dimming the white and the colored bulbs change the color temperature of the emitted light. This changes the color temperature as well as the color rendering of the mixed light.

Über den gesamten Dimmbereich der Leuchte kann die Helligkeit, die Farbtemperatur und Farbwiedergabe messtechnisch erfasst werden. Durch geeignete Ansteuerparameter (z.B. Spannung, Stromstärke) der weißen und der farbigen Leuchtmittel können die Einzelintensitäten so geregelt werden, dass sich eine konstante Helligkeit, eine konstante Farbtemperatur oder wahlweise eine konstante Farbwiedergabe ergibt. Diese Parameter können als Kennlinie in der Regeleinrichtung hinterlegt werden. Für unterschiedliche Farbtemperaturen bzw. Farbwiedergabeindizes werden verschiedene Kennlinien aufgenommen und als Kennfeld hinterlegt.Over the entire dimming range of the luminaire, the brightness, color temperature and color rendering can be measured. By suitable driving parameters (for example voltage, current intensity) of the white and the colored illuminants, the individual intensities can be regulated in such a way that a constant brightness, a constant color temperature or optionally a constant color rendering results. These parameters can be stored as a characteristic in the control device. For different color temperatures or color rendering indices, different characteristics are recorded and stored as a map.

Anstelle der hinterlegten Kennlinien / Kennfelder kann die Ansteuerelektronik mit Sensoren zur Messung der Helligkeit, Farbtemperatur und Farbwiedergabe gekoppelt werden.Instead of the stored characteristics / maps, the control electronics can be coupled with sensors for measuring the brightness, color temperature and color reproduction.

Andere je nach Anwendung der Operationsleuchte gewünschte Farbtemperatur kann mithilfe eines Bedienfeldes oder einer Tastatur der Regeleinrichtung vom Operateur eingestellt werden. Die notwendigen Einstellparameter können in einem Speicher der Regeleinrichtung abgelegt werden. Weiterhin denkbar ist es, dass der Operateur weitere selbst gewählte Einstellungen zusätzlich abspeichern und diese Einstellungen auch nachträglich verändern kann.Other color temperature desired depending on the application of the surgical light can be adjusted by the operator by means of a control panel or keyboard of the control device. The necessary adjustment parameters can be stored in a memory of the control device. Furthermore, it is conceivable that the surgeon additionally store further self-selected settings and can also subsequently change these settings.

Fig. 4 zeigt, dass bei einer Veränderung der Intensität (I) des Lichtes das Wellenlängenspektrum (Wellenlänge X) nicht geändert wird. Bezugsziffer 16 kennzeichnet eine größere Helligkeit. Bezugsziffer 17 kennzeichnet eine geringere Helligkeit. Farbtemperatur und Farbwiedergabe bleiben unverändert. 4 shows that when the intensity (I) of the light changes, the wavelength spectrum (wavelength X) is not changed. Reference numeral 16 denotes a greater brightness. Reference numeral 17 denotes a lower brightness. Color temperature and color reproduction remain unchanged.

Alternativ kann bei einer konstanten Helligkeit die Farbtemperatur eingestellt werden. Hierbei wird zur Veränderung der Farbtemperatur das Spektrum (Wellenlänge λ) verändert und gleichzeitig die Intensität so geregelt, dass die Helligkeit (Intensität I) unverändert bleibt. Ausgehend von dem Spektrum 18 gemäß Fig. 5a wird durch Veränderung von Wellenlängenanteilen eine unterschiedliche Farbtemperatur eingestellt, so dass sich als Zwischenschritt das Spektrum 19 gemäß Fig. 5b ergibt. Im nächsten Schritt wird analog zur Vorgehensweise gemäß Fig. 4 die Helligkeit konstant gehalten (siehe Fig. 5c), so dass sich das Spektrum 20 als gewünschte Endeinstellung, d.h. eine veränderte Farbtemperatur bei konstanter Helligkeit, ergibt.Alternatively, the color temperature can be adjusted at a constant brightness. Here, the spectrum (wavelength λ) is changed to change the color temperature and at the same time the intensity is controlled so that the brightness (intensity I) remains unchanged. Starting from the spectrum 18 according to FIG. 5 a , a different color temperature is set by changing wavelength components, so that the spectrum 19 according to FIG. 5 b results as an intermediate step. In the next step, the brightness is kept constant analogously to the procedure according to FIG. 4 (see FIG. 5c), so that the spectrum 20 results in the desired final setting, ie a changed color temperature with constant brightness.

BEZUGSZEICHENLISTELIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

11
Operationsleuchtesurgical light
22
Leuchtenkörperluminaire body
33
Handgriffhandle
44
Elementelement
55
Unterseitebottom
6a6a
Lichtmodullight module
6b6b
Lichtmodullight module
6c6c
Lichtmodullight module
6d6d
Lichtmodullight module
6e6e
Lichtmodullight module
6f6f
Lichtmodullight module
6g6g
Lichtmodullight module
77
Lichtstrahlbeam of light
88th
Leuchtfeldlight field
99
Gehäusecasing
10a10a
LEDLED
10b10b
LEDLED
10c10c
LEDLED
11a11a
Linselens
11b11b
Linselens
11c11c
Linselens
12a12a
Lichtstrahlbeam of light
12b12b
Lichtstrahlbeam of light
12c12c
Lichtstrahlbeam of light
13a13a
Stromleitungpower line
13b13b
Stromleitungpower line
13c13c
Stromleitungpower line
1414
Stromleitungpower line
1515
Regeleinrichtungcontrol device
1616
WellenlängenspektrumWavelength spectrum
1717
WellenlängenspektrumWavelength spectrum
1818
WellenlängenspektrumWavelength spectrum
1919
WellenlängenspektrumWavelength spectrum
2020
WellenlängenspektrumWavelength spectrum

Claims (11)

  1. Operating lamp (1) comprising at least one white and several coloured illumination means (10a, 10b, 10c) for illuminating an area to be operated on, characterized in that means for dimming the light flux, and a control means (15) are provided to control a constant colour temperature or a constant colour reproduction during dimming.
  2. Operating lamp according to claim 1, characterized in that, when the colour temperature is changed, the brightness of the operating lamp is kept constant.
  3. Operating lamp according to claim 1, characterized in that the white illumination means is an LED.
  4. Operating lamp according to claim 1, characterized in that the white illumination means is a halogen lamp.
  5. Operating lamp according to claim 1, characterized in that the white illumination means is a gas discharge lamp.
  6. Operating lamp according to claim 1, characterized in that the coloured illumination means are LEDs.
  7. Operating lamp according to claim 1, characterized in that the coloured illumination means are halogen lamps with colour filters.
  8. Operating lamp according to claim 1, characterized in that the coloured illumination means are gas discharge lamps with colour filters.
  9. Operating lamp according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that mechanical and/or optical dimming means are provided.
  10. Operating lamp according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that electric dimming means are provided.
  11. Operating lamp according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that lenses (11a through 11c) are used to provide uniform emission of light and focus the light onto the illumination field.
EP04018642A 2004-02-28 2004-08-06 Surgical lamp and method of illumination of an operating theatre Revoked EP1568938B1 (en)

Priority Applications (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP04018642A EP1568938B1 (en) 2004-02-28 2004-08-06 Surgical lamp and method of illumination of an operating theatre
US11/067,580 US7614763B2 (en) 2004-02-28 2005-02-28 Operating table lamp
JP2005054108A JP5048927B2 (en) 2004-02-28 2005-02-28 Surgery lamp
CNB2005100524370A CN100473892C (en) 2004-02-28 2005-02-28 Surgical lamp

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP04004602A EP1568936A1 (en) 2004-02-28 2004-02-28 Surgical lamp and method of illumination of an operating theatre
EP04004602 2004-02-28
EP04018642A EP1568938B1 (en) 2004-02-28 2004-08-06 Surgical lamp and method of illumination of an operating theatre

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EP1568938A1 EP1568938A1 (en) 2005-08-31
EP1568938B1 true EP1568938B1 (en) 2006-09-27

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EP (1) EP1568938B1 (en)
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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN100473892C (en) 2009-04-01
JP5048927B2 (en) 2012-10-17
CN1661273A (en) 2005-08-31
EP1568938A1 (en) 2005-08-31
US7614763B2 (en) 2009-11-10
US20050231945A1 (en) 2005-10-20
JP2005237973A (en) 2005-09-08

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